二、非谓语动词作定语
非谓语动词做定语有以下几种形式；
doing 1、作动名词讲时做定语表示用途。比如、living room, swimming pool.
2、作现在分词讲时，所修饰名词或代词与其是一种主谓（主动）关系，有时还表进行。如； falling leaves, the rising sun, boiling water, a developing country, the boy standing on the ground, the man introducing modern technology into China.
done(过去分词)表示被动（与所修饰的词是动宾关系）或完成。如；fallen leaves, the risen sun, boiled water, a developed country, the players selected from
the whole country.
being done 现在分词的被动结构，表是正在被……只做后置定语，即放在所修饰名词之后。如；the bridge being built, the meeting being held.
to do （to be done）动词不定式做定语常表示将来，有主动与被动两种形式。
1、所修饰的词与不定式动作是一种被动关系（也可以说动词不定式与所修饰的词
是一种动宾关系，即所修饰的词是不定式动作的对象，）这时注意选择是用to do ,还是to be done.
1、I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term.
2、His first book to be published next month is based on a true story.
2、所修饰的词与不定式是是一种主谓（主动）关系，这些词前面常常有 the
first ,the second, the last, the next, the only等修饰。
1、the next train to arrive is from Washington.
2、The last one to arrive pays the meal.
3、与所修饰的词一种同位关系，这些词通常是ability, way, chance, right,
reason, need, wish等。
1、The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself.
2、That’s the way to do it.
注意：1、非谓语动词做定语的时，有时可以与定语从句进行转换。
2、非谓语动词做定语没有having done ，having been done与to have done的结构， having done ，having been done可以做状语（记得用法吗），to have done有时做宾语。任何非谓语动词的否定是直接在前面加not.
3.单个的分词作定语放在所修饰的词之前，分词短语作定语，放在所修饰的词之后。动词不定式只能做后置定语。
4.不及物动词的过去分词只表示完成，无被动意义。
练习；一、用所给动词适当形式填空。
1. Do you realize that there are a lot of _________words in English? (borrow) 2．Is the doctor still doing his best to save the _______old man? (die)
3. In the depths of autumn, you can see many _____leaves on the ground if you visit the wild forest.(fall)
4. There is a ______(light) candle on the table and a _____(drink) man is lying on the floor.
二、将下列划线定语从句转换成非谓语动词形式作定语。
1、This is a restaurant that serves a wide variety of ethnic food.
2、Fastfood restaurant are places that take care of hundreds of people in a short time.
3、The American food is famous for the diet that is made up of meat and potatoes.
4、The house that is being built at present will be our office building.
5、The restaurant that will be opened soon will offer some free service.
6、He is the only man who can take over this job.
7、The man who brings China daily has been quite familiar with me.
8、The man who is standing at the gate is my English teacher.
9、The writer who is respected by others writes a lot of best sellers.
10、The bridge which is being built now will be completed next week.
11、The lecture which will be given includes the French Revolution.
12、The next train which will arrives is from New York.
二、非谓语动词作定语 非谓语动词做定语有以下几种形式； doing 1、作动名词讲时做定语表示用途。比如、living room, swimming pool. 2、作现在分词讲时，所修饰名词或代词与其是一种主谓（主动）关系，有时还表进行。如； falling leaves, the rising sun, boiling water, a developing country, the boy standing on the ground, the man introducing modern technology into China. done(过去分词)表示被动（与所修饰的词是动宾关系）或完成。如；fallen leaves, the risen sun, boiled water, a developed country, the players selected from the whole country. being done 现在分词的被动结构，表是正在被……只做后置定语，即放在所修饰名词之后。如；the bridge being built, the meeting being held. to do （to be done）动词不定式做定语常表示将来，有主动与被动两种形式。 1、所修饰的词与不定式动作是一种被动关系（也可以说动词不定式与所修饰的词 是一种动宾关系，即所修饰的词是不定式动作的对象，）这时注意选择是用to do ,还是to be done. 1、I have a lot of readings to complete before the end of this term. 2、His first book to be published next month is based on a true story. 2、所修饰的词与不定式是是一种主谓（主动）关系，这些词前面常常有 the first ,the second, the last, the next, the only等修饰。 1、the next train to arrive is from Washington. 2、The last one to arrive pays the meal. 3、与所修饰的词一种同位关系，这些词通常是ability, way, chance, right, reason, need, wish等。 1、The ability to express an idea is as important as the idea itself. 2、That’s the way to do it. 注意：1、非谓语动词做定语的时，有时可以与定语从句进行转换。
非谓语动词作定语 1.The next thing he saw was smoke _______ from behind the house. A.rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 2.Look over there – there’s a very long, winding path _______ up to the house. A.leading B. leads C. led D. to lead 3.Recently a survey _______ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. https://www.doczj.com/doc/0010745911.html,pared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 4.Tsinghua University, _______ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A.Found B. founding C. founded D. to be found 5.The ability ________ an idea is as important as the idea itself. A.Expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed 6.The players ________ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game. A.Selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 7.On receiving a phone call from his wife ________ she had a fall, Mr. Gordon immediately rushed home from his office. A.Says B. said C. saying D. to say 8.The island, _________ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A.Joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 9.The rare fish, ________ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. A.Saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved 10.Mrs. White showed her students some old maps _________ from the library. A.To borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 11.I have a lot of readings _________ before the end of this term. https://www.doczj.com/doc/0010745911.html,pleting B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 12.I’m calling to enquire about the position _______ in yesterday’s China Daily. A.Advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 13.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and _______ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A.Being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing 14.His first book ________ next month is based on a true story. A.Published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 15.So far nobody has claimed the money _______ in the library. A.Discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered 16.Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ________ first is the library. A.Repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired 17.That is the only way we can imagine ________ the overuse of water is students’ bathrooms. A.Reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 18.A great number of students ________ said they were forced to practice the piano. A.To question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 19.Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions_______? A.Taking B. take C. taken D. to take
高考英语之非谓语动词作定语 ——定语定义：修饰、限定名词或代词特征和品质的词，词组和句子。分为前置定语和后置定语。 例如： 常见定语形式： ——前置定语 a good girl 一个好女孩，（形容词作定语） women teachers 女教师，（名词作定语） a waiting room 候车室（动名词作定语） the interesting book, 那本有趣的书，（现在分词作定语） fallen leaves 落叶（过去分词作定语） ——后置定语 the boy with short hair, 留短发的那个男孩，（介词短语作定语） weekends available, 空闲的周末（形容词作定语） the man mending a car,修汽车的那个男人，（现在分词作定语） the bike fixed by workers, 工人修好的那辆自行车（过去分词作定语） the train to arrive soon.即将到达的火车（to do 作定语） a bottle full of water 装满水的瓶子（形容词短语作定语） something new 新的东西(形容词作定语) （一）非谓语动词作名词或代词前置定语： 1.doing 作前置定语： （1）当doing 为动名词时，相当于名词使用。表所修饰词的用途。 例如：a swimming pool 游泳池 a walking player 随身听 a waiting room 候车室 （2）当doing为现在分词时，相当于形容词使用。与所修饰词之间为主动关系，也可表进行。
例如： ——falling leaves 落叶 解析：表leaves 与falling之间为主动关系，fall这个动作正在进行中。 ——she is an interesting girl. 她是一个有趣的女孩。 解析：interesting修饰girl, 表girl 的特征和品质。指这个女孩令别人觉得有趣。——The dying man has many encouraging books. 那个奄奄一息的人有很多鼓励人的书。 解析：dying 修饰man, 表主动、进行。encouraging 修饰books，表其特征和品质。 2. done 作前置定语：done 为过去分词，相当于形容词使用。与所修饰词之间为被动关系，也可表完成。 例如： ——fallen leaves 落叶解析：表leaves 处于fallen 状态，即表完成。——There are many finished houses last year in the city. 在这个城市里，有很多去年竣工的房子。 解析：houses 与finished 之间为被动关系，也表完成。 ——The girl is sitting there with surprised facial expressions. 那个女孩在坐在那，带着惊讶的表情。 解析：surprised 修饰facial expressions, 表the girl 具有惊讶的感受，不表示她的表情令别人惊讶。 （二）非谓语动词作名词或代词后置定语。 1. doing 作后置定语：表主动，进行。 ——The girl standing under the tree is called Lucy. 正站在树下的那个女孩叫Lucy. 解析：girl 与standing之间为主动关系，表在发生或持续动作。 ——There are some reasons referring to environment pollution. 有几个涉及到环境污染的原因。 解析：referring 作reasons 后置定语，表主动。 ——People can’t forget the person hurting them badly.
非谓语动词作定语练习题 一、语法填空 1、The national park has a large collection of wildlife, ___________（range）from butterflies to elephants. 2、To return to the problem of water pollution , I'd like you to look at a study ___________ （conduct）in Australia in 2012. 3、In art criticism, you must assume the artist has a secret message__________(hide) within the work. 4、The park was full of people ____________（enjoy）themselves in the sunshine. 5、Today there are more airplanes______________(carry) more people than ever before in the skies. 6、Last night, there were millions of people _____________(watch)the opening ceremony live on TV. 二、单选 1. Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ____first is the library. A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired 2. I'm calling to enquire about the position ______ in yesterday's China Daily. A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 3. After she completes the project, she’ll have ________. A. nothing to worry about B. nothing to worry C. nothing to be worried about D. nothing worrying about 4. His first book ______ next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 5. The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved 6. A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 7. They built a house _____. A. of the things to put in B. of the things to be put in C. for the things to put in D. for the things to be put in 8. That is the only way we can imagine __ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 9. There is a great deal of evidence ______that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating
非谓语动词作定语语法讲义 一．如何判断非谓语动词作的是定语： 1.看横线所在的位置 具体方法如下： 如果横线放在了名词或名词+逗号之后，则作的是定语。 如： The meeting________ yesterday was very important. The university, ________ in 1902, has a history of a century. 2.翻译：翻译时先把句子的主干部分找出来，然后看剩下的部分是不是放在了名词之后，并且能够放在名词之前加“的”翻译，如果是，则作的是定语。 如： The meeting________ yesterday was very important. The university, ________ in 1902, has a history of a century. 二．作定语时的逻辑主语： 作定语时，逻辑主语就是所修饰的名词。 如：The meeting held yesterday was very important. 三．如何确定用什么样的非谓语动词作定语： 1.和逻辑主语之间的主被动关系 2. 时间关系：将要发生、正在发生、已经完成 如： 1）The repairs cost a lot, but it’s money well ______. A. to spend B. spent C. being spent D. spending 2）The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket__________ the desert. A. covering B. covered C. cover D. to cover 3）— The last one __________________ pays the meal. — Agreed! (2007全国卷I) A. arrived B. arrives C. to arrive D. arriving 四．作定语的具体用法： 1. 能作定语的不定式和分词有：to do, to be done, doing, being done, done （务必牢记）. 注：having done 绝对不能作定语。 原因：当作定语的非谓语动词的动作明显发生在谓语动词动作之前时，此时不能用非谓语动词作定语，即不能用having done作定语，必须用定语从句作定语。如： The old man, having waited for the bus for half an hour, found he had left his wallet at home.(这句话中的having waited,作的不是定语，而是状语) The old man, who had waited for the bus for half an hour, found he had left his wallet at home 五．作定语的非谓语动词和所修饰的名词之间的关系：
非谓语动词做定语 1.Many buildings in the city need repairing, but the one ______first is the library. A. repaired B. being repaired C. repairing D. to be repaired 2.I'm calling to enquire about the position ________ in yesterday's China Daily. A. advertised B. to be advertised C. advertising D. having advertised 3.After she completes the project, she’ll have ________. A. nothing to worry about B. nothing to worry C. nothing to be worried about D. nothing worrying about 4.His first book ______ next month is based on a true story. A. published B. to be published C. to publish D. being published 5.The rare fish, _____ from the cooking pot, has been returned to the sea. A. saved B. saving C. to be saved D. having saved 6. A great number of students ______ said they were forced to practise the piano. A. to question B. to be questioned C. questioned D. questioning 7.They built a house _____. A. of the things to put in B. of the things to be put in C. for the things to put in D. for the things to be put in 8.That is the only way we can imagine __ the overuse of water in students' bathrooms. A. reducing B. to reduce C. reduced D. reduce 9.There is a great deal of evidence ______that music activities engage different parts of the brain. A. indicate B. indicating C. to indicate D. to be indicating 10.We are invited to a party ______in our club next Friday. A. to be held B. held C. being held D. holding 11.The trees ________ in the storm have been moved off the road. A. being blown down B. blown down C. blowing down D. to blow down 12.I have a lot of readings _____ before the end of this term. A. completing B. to complete C. completed D. being completed 13.With the world changing fast, we have something new ______with all by ourselves every day. A. deal B. dealt C. to deal D. dealing 14.The next thing he saw was smoke ______ from behind the house. A. rose B. rising C. to rise D. risen 15.The government plans to bring in new laws _____ parents to take more responsibility for the education of their children. A. forced B. forcing C. to be forced D. having forced 16.On receiving a phone call from his wife _____ she had a fall, Mr Gordon immediately rushed home from office. A. says B. said C. saying D. to say 17.The players ____ from the whole country are expected to bring us honor in this summer game . A. selecting B. to select C. selected D. having selected 18.Simon made a big bamboo box _______ the little sick bird till it could fly. A. keep B. kept C. keeping D. to keep 19.Peter received a letter just now ________ his grandma would come to see him soon. A．said B．says C．saying D．to say 20.The island, ____ to the mainland by a bridge, is easy to go to. A. joining B. to join C. joined D. having joined 21.The club, ______ 25ywears ago, is holding a party for and present members. A. founded B. founding C. being founded D. to be founded 22.The lecture, _____ at 7:00 pm last night, was followed by an observation of the moon with telescopes. A. starting B. being starting C. to start D. to be started 23.Look over there —there’s a very long, winding path ______ up to the house. A. leading B. leads C. led D. to lead 24.Recently a survey _____ prices of the same goods in two different supermarkets has caused heated debate among citizens. A. compared B. comparing C. compares D. being compared 25.The ability _____an idea is as important as the idea itself. A. expressing B. expressed C. to express D. to be expressed 26.Tsinghua University, ____ in 1911,is home to a great number of outstanding figures. A. found B. founding C. founded D. to be founded 27.W e’re having a meeting in half an hour. The decision ______at the meeting will influence the future of our company. A. to be made B. being made C. made D. having been made 28.After completing and signing it, please return the form to us in the envelope _____. A. providing B. provided C. having provided D. provide 29.Time, ______ correctly, is money in the bank. A. to use B. used C. using D. use 30.John has really got the job because he showed me the official letter _____ him it. A. offered B. offering C. to offer D. to be offered 31.“It’s such a nice place,” Mother said as she sat at the table _____ for customers. A. to be reserved B. having reserved C. reserving D. reserved 32. Now that we’ve discussed our problem, are people happy with the decisions __ ? A. taking B. take C. taken D .to take 33.The traffic rule says young children under the age of four and ____ less than 40 pounds must be in a child safety seat. A. being weighed B. to weigh C. weighed D. weighing 34. So far nobody has claimed the money ____ in the library. A. discovered B. to be discovered C. discovering D. having discovered 35. Mrs.White showed her students some old maps ______ from the library. A. to borrow B. to be borrowed C. borrowed D. borrowing 36. Do you know the name of the play ______ in the hall now? A. to be put on B. being put on C. put on D. putting on
一．非谓语动词 ※不定式、现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别： 【知识点拨】 1．不定式作定语 ①不定式作定语常用于不定代词或被the first/next/only/last等修饰的名词和其他一些名词、代词之后。其中，不定式的一般式通常表示一个将来或经常性的动作，完成式则表示该动作发生在谓语动词所表示的动作之前。 例如：She is always the first (one) to come and the last to leave. ②如果作定语的不定式与被修饰的名词有动宾关系,在不及物动词后通常要加上适当的介词. 例如：Let's first find a room to live in / to put the things in. We have nothing to worry about.(=There is nothing for us to worry about.) ③不定式作定语修饰一个在逻辑上是其宾语名词时,若在句子中能找到该不定式的逻辑主语, 则该不定式多用主动表被动，否则，用被动式。 例如：I have a lot of things to do today. ( I ... do ... things) 2．-ing分词作定语 ①单个的-ing分词作定语一般前置,说明名词的性质、特征或用途等,-ing短语作定语一般后置；强调动作的单个-ing分词也常后置。 例如：a sleeping car ( = a car for sleeping ) a sleeping child ( = a child who is sleeping ) the boy standing there ( = the boy who is standing there ) The girl singing is my classmate. ②-ing分词作定语一般要求其动作与谓语动词所表示的动作同时发生或是在说话时该动作正在进行，否则，要用从句作定语。 例如：Do you know the boy talking ( = who is talking ) to the teacher? Did you notice the boy sitting ( = who was sitting ) at this desk yesterday? 3．-ed分词作定语 -ed分词作定语一般表示一个被动或已完成动作,-ing分词表示一个主动或正在进行的动作, -ing分词的被动式则表示一个正在被进行的动作。 例如：a developed/developing country He is a student loved by all the teachers. The building being built will be the third Teaching Building of our school. 4．像定语从句一样，分词作定语也有非限制性的，其作用相当于一个非限制性定语从句。 例如：The students, wearing their school uniforms, marched into the playground. The substance, discovered almost by accident,has greatly changed the world. 【知识过关】 1. The computer center,______last year, is very popular among the students. in the school. A. open B. opening C. having opened D. opened 2. Most of the artists _______ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invited 3. There was a terrible noise _______ the sudden burst of light. A. followed B. following C. to be followed D. being followed 4. Do you know the boy_______ under the big tree? A. lay B. lain C. laying D. lying 5. Are you going to attend the meeting _______ tomorrow? A. to be held B. being held C. will be held D. held ※、不定式作定语 不定式作定语一般有以下四种情形： ⑴用于个体名词后，被修饰的名词作不定式的逻辑宾语, 同时句子的主语也是不定式动作的执行者。这种情况下使用不定式的一般体：
非谓语动词专项练习 1.The meeting _______ next week is sure to be a great success. A. to take place B. to be taken place C. to have taken place D. being taken place 2._______ by the Comrade Lei Feng, we try our best to do good deeds. A. Inspired B. Being inspired C. To be inspired D. Inspiring 3.It's no good _______ here. Let's go home. A. to wait B. waited C. waiting D. being waited 4.I listened to the wind, ______ that he would not come tonight. A. thinking B. to think C. thought D. being thinking 5.As a result of my laziness, I failed ________ my work in time. A. and finished B. to finish C. and finishing D. to finished 6.I am sorry ______ written you a letter at the time. A. to have not B. to not have C. not to have D. not having 7.Tom apologized to me ______ again. A. to be late B. of being late C. to have been late D. for being late 8.I remained _______ long after I had been told the story. A. puzzling B. puzzled C. being puzzled D. to be puzzled 9.Will you lend him a magazine _________? A. to be read B. for reading C. to read D. he read 10.The article _________on this subject was written by Mr. Black. A. referring B. referred C. referring to D. referred to 11.Living near the sea, ___________________. A. we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight B. healthy air and beautiful sight is what we enjoy C. it is healthy air and beautiful sight we enjoy D. so we enjoy healthy air and beautiful sight 12.__________ since the night before, I felt very hungry. A. Having not eaten anything B. Not eating anything C. I hadn't eaten anything D. Not having eaten anything 13.We then listened to the child ________ the article ______ on the blackboard. A. read, writing B. reading, writing C. to read, written D. read, written 14.________ it with me and I'll see what I can do. A. When left B. Leaving C. If you leave D. Leave 15._________ such a chance, why don't you have a try? A. To give B. Having C. Given D. Giving 16.We discussed the plan that we would like to see ________ the next week. A. carry on B. carrying out C. carried out D. to carry out 17._________ made them much disappointed. A. His not coming back B. Not his coming back C. He not to come back D. Not he come back 18.Five people were reported ________ in the accident. A. to be killed B. to kill C. killed D. to have been killed 19.I flew to Paris this morning, my assistant ________ me there this Friday. A. joining B. to join C. will join D. wants to join 20.He tried to calm himself, _______ . A. force B. to force C. forcing D. forced 21.____________ , I went to the park with my uncle. A. As holiday B. Being no classes C. Since have no classes D. It being a holiday 22. "Do you mind _________?" "Go ahead." A. opening the door B. your opening the door C. my opening the door D. I opening the door 23. I have one or two things ____________. A. to look B. to see C. to see to D. to look to 24._________ is bad for his health. A. Mike smoking B. Mike's smoking C. Mike's being smoking D. Mike smokes 25.I came into the classroom, ______ my seat and sat down to read. A. finding B. to find C. found D. founded 26.I am tired and I don't feel like _____ any further. A. to walk B. to be walking C. walking D. walk 27.She did nothing but ________walk in the street. A. taking B. take C. to take D. took 28.It is a problem that doesn't need ________ right now. A. to solve B. solving C. being solved D. to be solving 29.I ________ my handbag stolen last week. A. had B. let C. lost D. left 30.________ by a crowd of people, I felt nervous, ______ what to say. A. Watching, didn't know B. Having watched, and not knew C. Having been watch, not known D. Being watched, not knowing