一、填空题
（一）单厂
1、在单层厂房排架计算中，假定排架柱下端与基础___刚接___，上端与屋架或屋面梁___铰接___。
2、单层厂房结构的变形缝有___伸缩缝___、__沉降缝____和_防震缝___。
3、在装配式钢筋混凝土单层厂房中，支撑通常包括___屋盖支撑___支撑和__柱间__支撑两部分。
4、单层厂房排架计算时，屋面均布活荷载不与雪荷载同时考虑，仅取两者中的较__大值。
5、单层厂房排架内力计算的主要目的是为设计__柱子____和_基础截面__提供内力数据。
6、当厂房内一层有多台吊车，进行多跨排架的内力分析时，吊车的竖向荷载最多按4 台考虑，水平荷载最多按 2 台考虑。
7、在装配式钢筋混凝土单层厂房中，支撑通常包括__屋盖___支撑和___柱间__支撑两部分。
（二）肋梁楼盖
1、单向板肋梁楼盖，主梁的截面有效高度h0：一排钢筋时取h0＝h-(50`60) 两排钢筋时取h0＝h-(70`80) 。
2、按楼盖、屋盖作为水平不动铰支座对墙、柱进行静力计算的方案称为___刚性__方案。
3、按弹性理论对单向板肋梁楼盖进行计算时，板的折算恒载g＇= g+q/2 ，折算活载q＇＝ｑ／２。
4、计算现浇楼盖中连续梁正截面承载力时，跨中按__Ｔ_型__截面计算，支座则按_矩形____截面计算。
5、常用的现浇楼梯有__板式__和___梁式_两种。
6、对于等跨度或跨度相差不超过１０％）、等刚度、等荷载且跨数超过5跨的连续梁可按5跨计算。
7、双向板上荷载向两个方向传递，长边支承梁承受的荷载为梯形分布；短边支承梁承受的荷载为三角形分布。
8、用弹性理论求多跨连续双向板某区格的跨中最大正弯矩，当考虑活荷载的最不利布置时，板上的恒载应该按全跨考虑，活荷载应该按本跨布隔跨布考虑。9、对于跨数超过五跨的等截面连续梁，若各跨所受荷载的条件相同，可按_五跨__计算。
（三）砌体结构
1、对于矩形截面构件，当轴向力偏心方向的截面边长大于另一方向的截面边长时，除了按_偏心受压______计算外，还应对较小边长按___轴心受压___计算承载力。
2、由___块体___和__砂浆____砌筑而成的整体材料称为砌体。
3、挑梁埋入砌体内的长度，通常取大于挑出长度的１.２倍为宜，挑梁如果处于屋盖处时不少于２倍的挑出长度。
4、承重框架的布置方案可以有__横向框架承重、纵向框架承重__和___纵横向框架承重。
5、砌体结构房屋静力计算方案分为_刚性方案_____、_弹性方案_____、_刚弹性方案_三种。
6、当圈梁被门窗洞口截断时，应在洞口上部增设相同截面的附加圈梁。
7、对于矩形截面构件，当轴向力偏心方向的截面边长大于另一方向的截面边长时，除
了按偏心受压计算外，还应对较小边长按轴心受压计算承载力。
8、当过梁上的墙体高度h w≥L n/3时，按高度为Ｌｎ/3 的墙体自重计算荷载。
9、无筋砌体受压构件承载力计算公式适于偏心距 e ≤0.6y 。
10、在砌体结构中，雨篷除应对雨篷梁、板的承载力进行计算外，还必须进行_整体抗倾覆_____验算。
11、带壁柱墙的高厚比验算包括_整片墙_____的高厚比验算与__壁柱间墙____的高厚比验算。
（四）多层框架
1、在框架截面设计时，框架柱按偏心受压构件设计，框架梁按___受弯构件___设计。
2、多层框架在水平荷载作用下的近似内力计算方法—D值法，实际上是对反弯点法中抗侧刚度______和_反弯点高度_____进行了修正。
3、当框架结构梁与柱的线刚度之比超过3时，可采用___反弯点___法进行水平荷载作用的近似计算。
4、多层框架在水平荷载作用下内力的计算方法有反弯点、D值两种。
5、多层多跨框架在竖向荷载作用下的近似内力计算中，除底层柱子以外的其它层柱子的线刚度均要乘以_0.9_____的折减系数。
6、多层框架在水平荷载作用下的近似内力计算方法——D值法，实际上是对反弯点法中抗侧刚度和反弯点高度进行了修正。
二、单项选择题
（一）单厂
1、在进行单层厂房结构设计时，若屋面活荷载、雪荷载、积灰活载同时存在，则（Ｂ）同时考虑。
A.屋面活载与雪荷载，积灰荷载
B.积灰荷载与屋面活载或雪荷载中较大值
C.屋面活载与积灰荷载或雪荷载中较大值
D.只考虑三者中的最大值
2、厂房排架牛腿的计算简图应是（B ）。
A.一端自由，一端固接于排架柱上的悬臂梁
B.以纵筋为拉杆，以混凝土斜撑为压杆构三角形桁架
C.直接承受吊车梁传来荷载作用的轴心爱压短柱
D.直接承受用车梁传来荷载作用的偏心受压短柱
3、关于排架内力组合下列说法不正确的是（C）。
A.恒荷载必参与组合
B.每次只以一种内力为目标
C.左、右风荷同时参与组合
D. 要考虑吊车的台数
4、单层厂房预制柱进行吊装验算时，由于起吊时惯性力的影响，需考虑动力系数，一般取（ D ）。
A.1.1
B.1.2
C.1.35
D.1.5
5、单层厂房吊车横向水平荷载在柱上的作用位置为（A）。
A.吊车梁顶面水平处
B.大车与轨道接触点水平处
C.支撑吊车梁的牛腿顶面
D.小车与轨道接触点水平处
6、.关于单层工业厂房整体空间作用，下列说法不正确的是（A）。
A.无檩体系与有檩体系整体空间作用大
B.局部荷载比均布荷载整体空间作用大
C.山墙起相当大的作用
D.与屋盖形式无关
7、7.为了设计上的便利，对于四边均有支承的板，当（ D ）按单向板设计。 A.212
≤l l B. 112≤l l C. 312≤l l D. 312≥l l
8、单层厂房柱进行内力组合时，任何一组最不利内力组合中都必须包括（ A ）引起的内力。
A.恒载
B.吊车荷载
C.风荷载
D.屋面活荷载
9、因为吊车梁承受多次重复荷载，所以除进行静力计算外，还要进行（C ）强度验算。
A.抗弯
B.承载力
C.疲劳
D.局部受压
10、工业厂房屋面活荷载不包括（ D ）。
A.屋面均布活荷载
B.积灰荷载
C.雪荷载
D.吊车荷载
11、无檩体系与有檩体系单层工业厂房相比（A ）
A.前者空间刚度大
B.前者抗弯性能好
C.后者空间刚度大
D.后者的抗剪性能好
12、吊车的横向水平荷载是通过吊车梁的（ D ）传给柱。
A.吊车梁底部
B.吊车梁顶面
C.吊车梁中部
D.吊车梁上部轨道
13、.对单层厂房结构进行受力份析，一般仅取（ D ）进行受力份析。
A. 横向平面排架
B. 纵向平面排架
C. 空间受力体系
D.横、纵向排架
（二）肋梁楼盖
1、五跨等跨连续梁，现求最右端第二支座最大负弯矩时，活荷载应布置在哪几跨？（ C ）
A.1,2,4
B. 2,3,4
C.2,4,5
D. 1,3,5
2、主梁设计一般采用（A ）计算。
A.弹性理论
B.塑性理论
C.弹、塑性理论均可
D.弹塑性理论
3、下列不属于板内分布钢筋作用的是（ D ）。
A.使主筋定位
B.分布局部荷载
C.承受温度和收缩应力
D.提高板的抗剪能力
4、整体单向板肋梁楼盖中，连续主、次梁按正截面承载力计算配筋时，跨中按（ A ）截面计算，支座按（ ）截面计算。
A.T 形 矩形
B.矩形 T 形
C.全部按矩形
D.全部按T 形
5、五跨等跨连续梁，现求最左端支座最大剪力，活荷载应布置在哪几跨？（ D ）
A.1,2,4
B. 2,3,4
C. 1,2,3
D. 1,3,5
6、在计算钢筋混凝土肋梁楼盖连续次梁内力时，为考虑主梁对次梁的转动约束，用折算荷载代替实际计算荷载，其做法是( B )
A.减小恒载，减小活载
B.增大恒载，减小活载
C.减小恒载，增大活载
D.增大恒载，增大活载
7、五跨等跨连续梁，现求最左端第一跨跨中最大弯矩，活荷载应布置在哪几跨？（ D ）
A.1,2,4
B. 2,3,4
C. 1,2,3
D. 1,3,5
8、对于梁式楼梯，斜梁内将产生（ A ）。
A.M 和V
B.M 、N 和V
C.M 、V 和T
D.N 、V 和T
9、按弹性方法计算现浇单向肋梁楼盖时，对板和次梁采用折算荷载来进行计算，这是因为考虑到( C )
A .在板的长跨方向能传递一部分荷载
B .塑性内力重分布的影响
C .支座转动的弹性约束将减少活荷载布置对跨中弯矩的不利影响
D .出现活荷载最不利布置的可能性较小
10、现浇钢筋混凝土单向板肋梁楼盖的主次梁相交处，在主梁中设置附加横向钢筋的目的是( D )。
A.承担剪力
B.防止主梁发生受弯破坏
C.防止主梁产生过大的挠度
D.防止主梁腹部由于斜裂缝引起的局部破坏
11、按单向板进行设计（ C ）。
A.600mm×3300mm 的预制空心楼板
B.长短边之比小于2的四边固定板
C.长短边之比等于1.5，两短边固定，两长边简支
D.长短边相等的四边简支板
12、四跨等跨连续梁，现求最左端支座最大剪力，活荷载应布置在哪几跨？（ D ）
A.1,2,4
B. 2,4
C. 1,2
D. 1,3
13、四跨等跨连续梁，现求最左端第一跨跨中最大弯矩，活荷载应布置在哪几跨？（ D ）
A.1,2,4
B. 2,4
C. 1,2
D. 1,3
14、塑性铰的转动能力调幅截面的相对高度ξ有关，ξ增大，塑性铰的转动能力降低，为使塑性铰有足够的转动能力，ξ应满足( C )
A.b ξξ≤
B.b ξξ=
C.35.0≤ξ
D.35.0>ξ
15、五跨等跨连续梁，现求最左端第二支座最大负弯矩时，活荷载应布置在哪几跨？（ A ）
A.1,2,4
B. 2,3,4
C. 1,2,3
D. 1,3,5
（三）砌体结构
1、挑梁不会发生下列哪种破坏？（ C ）
A.倾覆破坏
B.挑梁下砌体局部受压破坏
C.挑梁正截面和斜截面破坏
D.挑梁下墙体压坏
2、砌体强度设计值以下（ A ）情况下不需进行调整。
A.采用混合砂浆砌筑的各类砌体
B.无筋砌体构件截面积小于0.3m 2
C.配筋砌体构件截面积小于0.2m 2
D.跨度不小于9m 的梁下烧结普通砖砌体
3、砌体轴心抗拉、弯曲抗拉和抗剪强度主要取决于下列中的哪个因素？（ A ）
A.砂浆的强度
B.块体的抗拉强度
C.砌筑方式
D.块体的形状和尺寸
4、关于影响房屋空间刚度大小的主要因素，下述见解正确的是（D ）
A.仅与横墙的间距有关
B.仅与屋盖、楼盖的类型有关
D.A 、B 及C
7、砌体结构中，墙体的高厚比验算与下列（ B ）项无关
A.稳定性
B.承载力大小
C.开洞及洞口大小
D.是否承重墙
8、当梁在砌体上的实际支承长度a 小于计算的有效支承长度0a 时，梁端砌体局部受压
计算中应取（B ）。
A.0a
B.a
C.20a a +
D. 0a 或a
9、影响砌体结构房屋空间工作性能的主要因素是(C )。
A.房屋结构所用的块材和砂浆的强度等级
B.外纵墙的高厚比和门窗洞口的开设是否超过规定
C.房屋屋盖、楼盖的类别和横墙的间距
D.圈梁和构造柱的设置是否满足规范的要求
10
A 、240×115×53mm
B 、240×100×70mm
C 、240×150×53mm
D 、300×215×60mm
11、砌体结构受压构件承载力计算公式的?表示（ C ）
A.荷载偏心距对承载力的影响
B.构件高厚比对承载力的影响
C.荷载偏心距与构件高厚比对承载力的影响
D.砂浆和块材强度对承载力的影响
12、在砌体结构房屋中，（ A ）不是圈梁的主要作用
A.提高房屋构件的承载能力
B.增强房屋的整体刚度
C.防止由于较大振动荷载对房屋引起的不利影响
D.防止由于地基不均匀沉降对房屋引起的不利影响
12、各类砌体采用水泥砂浆砌筑时，其抗压强度按表中的数值乘以( A )。
A. 0.9
B. 0.75
C. 0.85
D. 1.0
14、砌体结构中，墙体的高厚比验算与下列（ B ）项无关。
A.稳定性
B.承载力大小
C.开洞及洞口大小
D.是否承重墙
15、在砌体结构房屋中，（A ）不是圈梁的主要作用
A.提高房屋构件的承载能力
B.增强房屋的整体刚度
C.防止由于较大振动荷载对房屋引起的不利影响
D.防止由于地基不均匀沉降对房屋引起的不利影响
16、单层刚性方案承重墙内力计算时，其计算简图为( A )
A.墙体上端与屋盖铰接，下端与基础固结，屋盖为墙体的不动铰支座
B.墙体上端与屋盖铰接，下端与基础铰结，屋盖为墙体的不动铰支座
C.墙体上端与屋盖固接，下端与基础铰结，屋盖为墙体的不动铰支座
D.墙体上端与屋盖固接，下端与基础固结，屋盖为墙体的不动铰支座
17、在水平荷载作用下，多层刚性方案房屋纵墙内力计算与（ C ）相同。
A.横向连续梁
B.横向简支梁
C.竖向连续梁
D.竖向简支梁
18、砌体房屋的静力计算，根据 ( D ) 分为刚性方案、弹性方案和刚弹性方案。
A.材料的强度设计值
B.荷载的大小
C.受力的性质
D.房屋的空间工作性能
19、砖砌体的抗压强度较砖的抗压强度（ B ）。
A 、高
B 、低
C 、相同
D 、高、低均有可能
（四）多层框架
1、框架结构中，梁的截面惯性矩I b 应根据梁与板的连接方式而定。对于现浇整体式框架梁，中框架梁、边框架梁的截面惯性矩应为（ C ）。
A.05.1I I b =、02.1I I b =
B.02.1I I b =、00.1I I b =
C.00.2I I b = 、05.1I I b =
D.05.1I I b =、00.1I I b =
2、水平荷载作用下每根框架柱所分配到的剪力与（ B ）直接有关。
A.矩形梁截面惯性矩
B.柱的抗侧移刚度；
C.梁柱线刚度比
D.柱的转动刚度。
3、框架结构在水平荷载作用下，当梁柱的线刚度比小于3时，其内力计算方法应采用（ C ）
A.分层法
B.弯矩二次分配法
C.反弯点法
D.D 值法
4、关于框架柱的反弯点，以下结论正确的是( A )
A.上层梁的线刚度增加会导致本层柱反弯点下移；
B.下层层高增大会导致本层柱反弯点上移；
C.柱的反弯点位置与柱的楼层位置有关，与结构总层数无关；
D.柱的反弯点位置与荷载分布形式无关。
5、采用分层法计算内力时，为了减小计算简图与实际情况不符产生误差，必须进行修正，以下叙述正确的是( C )。
A.底层柱的线刚度乘以折减系数0.9，底层柱的弯矩传递系数取为1/3；
B.除底层以外其他各层柱的线刚度均乘以折减系数0.9，底层柱的弯矩传递系数取为1/3；
C.除底层以外其他各层柱的线刚度均乘以折减系数0.9，除底层以外其他各层柱的弯矩传递系数取为1/3；
D.底层柱的线刚度乘以折减系数0.9，除底层以外其他各层柱的弯矩传递系数取为1/3。
6、在用分层法计算竖向荷载作用下的框架内力时，除底层柱外，其它各层柱的弯矩传递系数为（ B ） A.41
B. 31
C. 21
D.1
7、采用D 值法计算框架内力时，各柱反弯点高度取决于该柱上下端转动情况，即与（ B ）等因素有关。
1）该柱所在楼层的位置； 2）梁、柱线刚度比；
3）该柱上下横梁的线刚度比； 4）该柱上下层层高变化。
A.1)和2）
B.2)和3）
C.1)、2）和4）
D.1)、2）、3）和4）
8、竖向荷载作用下框架结构内力计算方法（ A ）
A.分层法
B.底部剪力法
C.D 值法
D.反弯点法
9、反弯点法可用在（ D ）
A.竖向荷载作用下，梁柱线刚度比小的框架
B.竖向荷载作用下，梁柱线刚度比大的框架
C.水平荷载作用下，梁柱线刚度比小的框架
D.水平荷载作用下，梁柱线刚度比大的框架
10、以下关于竖向荷载作用下框架内力分析方法——分层法的概念中，（ D ）项不正确。
A.不考虑框架侧移对内力的影响；
B.每层梁上的竖向荷载仅对本层梁及其相连的上、下柱的弯矩和剪力产生影响，对其他各层梁、柱弯矩和剪力的影响忽略不计；
C.上层梁上的竖向荷载对其下各层柱的轴力有影响；
D.按分层计算所得的各层梁、柱弯矩即为该梁的最终弯矩，不再叠加。
11、 水平荷载作用下的多层框架结构，当某层其他条件不变，仅其柱上端梁刚度降低，该层柱的反弯点位置（A ）
A ．向上移动
B ．不变
C ．向下移动至52层高处
D ．向下移动至3
1层高处 三、判断题
（一）单厂
1、吊车梁因承受重复荷载，因此设计时须进行疲劳验算。 （ ？ ）
2、考虑多台吊车水平荷载时，对单跨和多跨厂房的每个排架，参与组合的吊车台数不应多于2台。 （ √ ）
3、单层厂房排架计算的目的是为柱和基础的设计提供内力依据。（ √ ）
4、单层厂房柱内力组合时，考虑吊车水平荷载作用时，须同时考虑吊车竖向荷载作用。 √
5、重级工作制吊车是指起吊吨位大的吊车。 （× ）
6、在排架荷载计算中，作用在上柱轴线上的轴力要考虑对下柱轴线偏心所引起的弯矩。
（√）
（二）肋梁楼盖
1、钢筋混凝土连续梁中，塑性铰总在支座处出现。（×）
2、连续梁边跨跨中最大弯矩发生1/2跨长截面处。（√）
3、不论静定或超静定钢筋混凝土结构，随外载的增大，均存在截面应力重分布现象。
（×）4、当现浇肋梁楼盖的主梁与柱的线刚度比大于5时，按框架结构计算。（√）
（三）砌体结构
1、砌体结构房屋中，在墙体内沿水平方向设置封闭的钢筋混凝土梁称为过梁。( ×)
2、带壁柱墙的高厚比验算只验算整片墙的高厚比。( ×)
3、圈梁在洞口处，尚可兼作过梁。（√）
4、各种砌体，当用水泥砂浆砌筑时，其抗压强度设计值，应按规范表中数值乘以调整系数0.85。（×）
5、圈梁宜连续地设在同一水平面上并形成封闭状，当圈梁被洞口截断时，应在洞口上部增设相同截面的附加圈梁。（√）
6、对砌块砌体，当过梁上的墙体高度h w≥L n/2时（L n为过梁的净跨），过梁上的墙体荷载不应按墙体高度hW计算。（√）
7、墙梁按承受荷载分类可分为承重墙梁和自承重墙梁。（√）
8、纵墙承重结构房屋横向刚度较大，整体性好，抵抗风荷载、地震作用以及调整地基不均匀沉降的能力较强。( ×)
9、圆形水池和筒仓均属于偏心受拉构件。（×）（四）多层框架
1、用D值法计算水平荷载下框架内力时，当柱上端转角大于柱下端转角，反弯点偏于柱下端。（×）
2、用D值法计算水平荷载下框架内力时，梁柱线刚度比越大，中间层反弯点越接近1/2。
（√）3、由于单向板上的荷载主要沿一个方向传递，所以仅需在板中该方向配置钢筋即可。
（×）4、求多跨连续双向板某区格的跨中最大正弯矩时，板上活荷载应该按满布考。（×）
（）
5、用分层法计算时，各层横梁的弯矩值即为相应分层的计算值。（×）
6、D值法适用于梁柱线刚度比不太大或上下层层高高度变化较大时（√）
7、刚性和刚弹性砌体房屋，其横墙厚度应不小于120mm。（×）
8、用分层法计算竖向荷载作用下的内力时，要对线刚度和弯矩传递系数进行调整如下：将各柱乘调整系数0.9折减系数；弯矩传递系数改取为1/3。（×）。
9、反弯点法适用于各层结构比较均匀（各层高度变化不大，梁的线刚度变化不大），节点梁柱线刚度比∑i b/∑i c≥3的各层框架。（×）
10、分层法计算所得的节点弯矩之和经常不为零，原因是由于分层计算单元与实际结构不符带来的误差，此时可对节点不平衡力矩再作一次分配，予以修正。
（√）
四、简答题
(一)多层框架
1、框架结构梁、柱的控制截面及最不利内力有哪些？
2、分层法计算竖向荷载作用下的内力时，为何要对线刚度和弯矩传递系数进行调整？如何调整？
3、用反弯点法计算水平荷载作用下框架结构的内力时，有哪些基本假定？
4、什么叫D值法？它对反弯点法修正了什么？
（二）砌体结构
1、什么是砌体结构墙柱的高厚比，为什么要进行高厚比验算？
2、砌体结构房屋静力计算方案划分的依据是什么？分为几种？
3、当梁端支承处砌体局部受压承载力不满足时，可采取哪些措施？
4、如何确定过梁上的荷载？
5、砌体结构房屋中圈梁的作用？
6、墙梁计算内容有哪些？
7、《规范》对刚性和刚弹性方案房屋中的横墙有和要求？
8、挑梁倾覆破坏时的计算倾覆点x0如何采用?
9、.什么是构件的高厚比，为什么验算高厚比？
10.什么是砌体结构？砌体按所采用的材料不同可以分为哪几类？
（三）肋梁楼盖
1、钢筋混凝土受弯构件塑性铰与计算简图中的理想铰有什么不同之处？
2、什么是单向板？什么是双向板？单向板和双向板是如何区分的？
3、试说明单向板肋梁楼盖的传力途径？其梁、板的计算模型是什么？
4、现浇混凝土楼盖的设计步骤如何？
5、单向板肋形楼盖由哪些构件组成？其荷载传递途径如何？
6、板中分布钢筋有哪些作用？
7、使用弯矩调幅法进行设计计算时，应遵守下列原则？
（四）单厂
1、当排架上有任意荷载作用时，采用剪力分配法计算时可以分为哪三个步骤？
2、确定排架的计算简图时一般钢筋混凝土排架通常作哪些假定？
3、短牛腿的计算简图是怎样的？
4、简述单层厂房承受的主要竖向荷载及传递路线？
5、如何考虑多台吊车的荷载组合？
6、试述单厂排架计算简图的基本假定，并绘出计算简图？
7、排架柱的控制截面如何确定？
8、屋面活荷载包括哪些？如何考虑这些荷载的作用？
一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分） 1、—How do you feel about your family life? B. Not bad. I think it is a good choice to be a full-time mother. 2、—Do you have much experience with caring for babies? A. Yes, I do. I often take care of kids in my free time. 3、I want to know________ . C. what his name is 题目4Tom won the first prize of oral English contest, which is beyond his ______. C. expectation 题目5Lily is a good student except ________ she is a little bit careless. C. that 二、阅读理解：选择题（每题10分） Most couples who get married or decide to live together generally plan to have children. Several years ago, people thought that having big families was common and this was seen as an advantage. That was mainly because children began working at an early age to help provide for the family. But with the changing times and with the cost of living getting higher every single year, having a big family is no longer considered to be a practical option. In fact, more couples consider that they have only one child and some do not have any desire to become parents at all. According to the Australian Institute of Family Studies, by 1986, women aged 40 to 44 years, were considerably more likely to have given birth to two children than three children (36% vs. 27%) or four or more children (19%). However, taken together, women were still more likely to have had three or more children than to have had two children (46% vs. 36%). 1. Several years ago, people thought that having big families was C. common and this was seen as an advantage 2. By 1986, taken together, women were still more likely to have had B. more 3. In recent years, women were more likely to have had C. fewer children 4. According to the passage, we can predict that the number of family with a single child will B. increased dramatically 5. Which of the following may be the best title for the passage? A. Families Having Fewer Children Nowadays. 一、选择填空，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项。（每题10分） 1—Is your grandmother getting well now? A. Yes, she is much better now. 2—Looking after a baby is not an easy job, is it? C. No, it isn't. 3—I'm sorry to hear that your grandmother is ill in hospital. B. It's very kind of you. 4—Do you mind if I record your lecture? B. No，not at all. 5 —Linda, what's wrong with your grandmother? B. She hurt her leg. 二、阅读理解 二、阅读短文，从A、B、C三个选项中选出一个正确答案。（每题10分） Demand for Elderly Care Services in China Rising Rapidly The number of elderly people aged above 60 increased. Demand for elderly care services in China will continue to rise due to the increasing aging population. The number of elderly people aged above 60 was over 200 million in 2012, and will be 300 million in 2025 and 400 million in 2034, according to experts.
I, 1.disguised 2.restricted 3.impact 4.reform 5.cultivate 6.recruit 7.shallow 8.withstand 9. prohibits10.generated II 1.get through 2.at risk 3.interfere with https://www.doczj.com/doc/01284782.html,plete with 5.for sale 6.captures my attention 7.sense my thoughts 8.in addition to 9.fall into 10. in terms of III 1.有些老年人愿意独自过日子，但大多数老人选择和儿女一起生活。(on one’own) Some elderly people prefer to live on their own, but most of them choose to live with their children. 2.考虑到哪个地区受欢迎的程度，提前订旅馆是明智的。（advisable) Considering the popularity of the region, it is advisable to book hotels in advance. 3.据说，原定于这个月召开的会议将推迟到下个月召开。(be scheduled to,put off) Reportedly, the meeting is scheduled to be held this month will be put off till next month. 4.这些士兵接受了严格的训练，并且对完成这项新任务有充分的准备(be equipped) These soldiers have received very strict training, and are well equipped to fulfill the new task. 5.对于一个想找工作的学生来说，有没有硕士学位的确有很大的影响。(make a difference) A master’s degree does make a great difference to a student who wants to get a job. VI BCAB CBCA AACC BDBC DDDA V.SECTION A 1~10, FMKD CGLO IB SECTION B 11~15,ACBAD 16~20,BCCAA VI.DCAC BDDA BD
大学英语(3)课程作业_A 一单选题 1. When I said that some people are stupid I was not ___ you. reference refer referring referring to 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： reference 标准答案：referring to 2. ___ your step，or you might fall into the water. See Watch Miss Look at 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： See 标准答案：Watch 3. Professor Lee visits China almost ___. twice a year a twice year a year twice a year two times 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 4.0 用户解答： twice a year 标准答案： twice a year 4. The missing boys were last seen ___ near the river. playing to be playing play to play 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 4.0 用户解答： playing
5. China is ___ old country with ___ long history. the, a a, an an, a an, the 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： the, a 标准答案：an, a 6. I learn ___ my cost that a broken leg can be very painful. at on to in 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： at 标准答案：to 7. It was ___ that he had to ask for help. a so big work a so big job such a big work a such big job 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： a so big work 标准答案：such a big work 8. There was ___ in the meeting room. no one another anyone the one 本题分值： 4.0 用户得分： 0.0 用户解答： no one
开放英语3期末测试卷试题编辑：唐绍清、金小燕 姓名: 班级: 学号: 第一部分：英语知识运用（共10小题：每小提2分，满分20分） 此部分共有10个未完成的对话，针对每个对话中未完成的部分有4个选项，请你从阿A, B, C, D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项. 1.--- What would you like to have, meat or fish? --- __________. A. Either will do B. Yes, I like meat C. Yes, I like fish D. No, they are not my favorite 2. --- Must I be home before seven? --- __________. A. No, you needn’t B. No, you mustn’t C. OK D. no, you won’t 3. --- I doubt whether the Chinese Football Team can win the game this time. --- __________. A. Yes, of course B. It’s hard to say C. I like the team D. I don’t believe it 4. --- Oh dear! I’ve just broken a window. --- __________! It can’t be helped. A. Great B. Never mind C. That’s fine D. Not at all 5. --- Thank you ever so much for the book you gave me. ---__________. A. No thanks B. I’m glad you like it C. Yes, it is good D. No, it’s not so good 6. --- Look at the rainbow! What a view! ---___________！ A. Yes. What beautiful it is B. Yes. How beautiful it is C. Yes. What a beautiful it is D. yes. How a beautiful it is 7. --- Linda, can you give me a lift after work? --- ___________. A. It’s very king of you to do so B. Thank you for your offer C. Never mind. I’ll go shopping D. No problem. We go the same direction 8. --- Who has done your hair, Susan? ---___________. A. My hair has been done B. The hair stylist C. My hairstyle is cool D. Before another one 9. --- Don’t take too long at the coffee shop. I t’s14.15 ----___________. A. I’ll think your advice over B. I see. We have 30 minutes left C. That’s no problem D. I’m afraid so 10. --- Ami, I want this report typed today. --- __________. A. It’s be ready in the afternoon, sir B. I’d like you to help me C. I know nothing about the report D. Leave it to tomorrow 第二部分：阅读理解（共20小题：每小题2分，满份40分） 此部分共有4篇短文，每篇短文后有5个问题，每个问题后有4个选项，请你从A,B,C,D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Passage 1 Mrs. Brown had a small garden behind her house, and in the spring she planted some vegetables in it. She looked after them carefully, and when the summer came, they looked very nice. One evening Mrs. Brown looked at her vegetables and said, “Tomorrow I am going to pick them, and then we can eat them.” But early the next morning, her son ran into the kitchen and shouted, “Mother, mother! Come quickly! Our neighbor’s ducks are in the garden and they are eating our vegetables.” Mrs. Brown ran out, but it was too late! All the vegetables were finished! Mrs. Brown cried, and her neighbor was very sorry, but that was the end of the vegetables! Then a few days before Christmas, the neighbor brought Mrs. Brown a parcel. In it was a beautiful, fat duck, and on it was a piece of paper with the words, “Enjoy your vegetables!”
大学英语3复习资料（英语学习） 如今，许多年轻人不再选择。他们更喜欢自己创业，通过自己的智慧和努力实现自我价值。青年创业是未来国家经济活力的源泉。企业家的成功不仅创造财富，增加就业机会，改善人民生活，而且从长远来看对国家也有好处。企业家是提升中国经济的驱动力。尤其是目前，我国鼓励人们自主创业，进行创新，并为中小企业提供政策支持。这进一步激发了年轻人创业的热情。实现伟大的民族复兴，我们称之为中国梦，是近代以来中国人最大的期望。这基本上意味着实现国家的繁荣、民族的复兴和人民的幸福，从而确保每一个有事业心的中国人一代又一代地坚信，通过坚持不懈的努力，可以实现更美好的生活。人们应该通过勤奋、勇气、创造力和决心来实现他们的繁荣，而不是来自社会或其他人的帮助。每个人都是实现中国梦的参与者和设计师，因为这不仅是整个国家的梦想，也是每个中国人的梦想。水墨画是中国特有的传统艺术形式之一，是中国画的代表。它开始于唐朝，然后繁荣于宋元时期。它有一千多年的历史，经历了不断的发展、完善和完善。水墨所用的工具和材料，即毛笔、宣纸和墨水，是中国文化的特征，与绘画的特征密切相关。例如，水和墨水的混合会产生不同程度的干燥、湿润、厚度和厚度。水、墨、宣纸的融合和 渗透，使这些绘画传达出丰富的意象，从而达到独特的审美效果。水墨画在中国绘画史上占有很高的地位，甚至被认为是评价东方绘画艺术水平的标准。丽江是云南省西北部的一个多山的城市。丽江古城位于玉龙雪山脚下，是一个风景秀丽的城镇，以其历史和文化而闻名。
它也是一个保存完好的具有少数民族特色的古镇。古城的建设始于南宋，距今约800年。丽江不仅拥有悠久的历史，而且拥有占该地区总人口一半以上的许多少数民族。随着丽江旅游业的蓬勃发展，丽江古城接待了越来越多的国内外游客。1997年12月，古城成功申请世界文化遗产，填补了中国 1999世界文化遗产名录中历史文化名城的空白。始于1983年的央视春晚(简称春晚)已经成为中国人文化生活中不可或缺的文化消费品和文化符号。尽管很难满足所有人的口味，但必须承认，春节联欢晚会已经成为公众的一种“新习惯”，他们离不开它。春节联欢晚会不仅仅是一个晚会；这是一种仪式，一种象征，一种文化，一种标签，一种情感，一个人们把他们的心托付给它的地方。随着时代的发展和新媒体的出现，受众有了更加多样化的选择和需求。相应地，春节联欢晚会也在与时俱进，以满足人们日益增长的文化需求。 课文翻译 单元1 个人历史、教育机会、个人困境——这些都无法阻止 意志坚强的人全力以赴追求成功。 就像丘吉尔和林肯一样，只有那些坚持坚定不移的意志和精神的人，才会发现他们的努力是成功的。许多艺术家、政治家、作家和发明家都有过同样的经历。他们获得了繁荣，因为他们拥有持续准备和工作的强烈意愿以及成功的激情。他们获得成功，并不是因为这很容易，就像丘吉尔和林肯一样，只有那些“坚持不懈地追求成功”的人和那些
大学英语三离线作业答 案 Document serial number【NL89WT-NY98YT-NC8CB-NNUUT-NUT108】
离线作业试卷列表2 一、单选? 1.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- Would you be interested in seeing a film tonight- ____C______?分值：3 A. Not at all.??? B. Are you sure??? C. Great! I'd love to ??? D. You're welcome.???? 2.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- Excuse me, could you tell me the way to P eople's Square- ____B______?分值：3 A. I don't understand you.??? B. Sorry, I'm a stranger here.??? C. Why don't you take a taxi??? D. Don't bother me.???? 3.第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）30?C 分值：1 A. on mind??? B. in heart??? C. in mind??? D. on your mind???? 4.第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）29 B?分值：1 A. with??? B. for??? C. to??? D. in???? 5.第四部分：完形填空（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）28 B?分值：1 A. impossible??? B. wonderful??? C. incapable??? D. practical???? 6.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- I've got the first prize in the dancing ____C______?分值：3 A. You're welcome.??? B. It's very kind of you.??? C. Please accept my congratulations.??? D. Oh, really, I can't believe my ears.???? 7.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- I've passed the ___D_______?分值：3 A. What a pity!??? B. I have the examination.??? C. Come on.??? D. Congratulations.???? 8.第一部分：交际用语（共5小题；每小题3分，满分15分）- I'm suffering from a ________A__?分值：3
国家开放大学英语(3)-期末参考答案
说明：本课程期末复习内容包括三部分: 1.教材Unit 6，Unit 12，Unit 18三个复习单元； 2.中央电大印发的《开放英语（3）期末复习指导》（2011.4印刷版）内一套样题和两 套模拟题； 3.英语II (1)期末复习提纲2011-6（如下） 英语II（1）期末复习提纲2011-6 一、交际用语 1．－Excuse me, how can I get to the nearest supermarket? D －_______________. A. It’s not very far from here B. The supermarket is very large C. The goods there are very expensive D. Sorry, sir. I’m a stranger here myself. 2．I have an appointment with Dr. Johnson. C — ____________________. A. The appointment is put off B. You look sick and weak C. Please wait for minute. He is busy now D. Tell me your ID number 3．Afternoon, sir. Where to? A — ___________________. A. Please get me to the airport B. please pick me up next time
参考范文 Nick was ill for two days. His mother, Nancy Hill, is writing an absence excuse letter to his teacher, Ms. Shirley Hudson. Help Nancy to write the letter. You may use the following hints. (1)Nick 是哪个班的学生，什么时间请假，什么原因，是否有证据(如医嘱等)。 (2)请学校有关负责人的谅解，并请学校有问题与家长联系。参考答案：December 14, 2016 Nancy Hill Ms. Shirley Hudson River Dale Elementary School River Dale, IL 566077 Dear Ms. Shirley Hudson, I, Nancy Hill, am the mother of Nick who studies in Class 2 of Grade 5. I request you to excuse him for not attending school on July 12, 2016 and July 13, 2016, as he was advised strict bed rest by our doctor, Dr. Carter, after a high fever. I have already gathered the lessons and homework covered in the two days that he missed, and his notes are up to date. Also, attached for your reference is the doctor ' s certificate. Please fceoenl tfarecet mtoe for any questions that you may have regarding this matter. Thank you.
Seeing this style really made me curious. So one day I went up to Jerry and asked him, I don’t get it! You can’t be a positive person all the time.How do you do it? 看到这种情况真的让我好奇。所以有一天我去找Jerry问他，“我不能明白！你不可能永远是一个乐观的人！？你是怎么做到的？” Jerry replied, each morning I wake up and say to myself , jerry, you have two choices today. You can choose to be in a good mood or you can choose to be in a bad mood. I choose to be in a good mood. Each time something bad happens, I can choose to be a victim or I can choose to learn from it. I choose to learn from it. Every time someone comes to me complaining, I can choose to accept their complaining or I can point out the positive side of life. I choose the positive side of life. Jerry回答到，“每个早上醒来都会对自己说，‘Jerry，你今天有两个选择。你可以选择拥有一份好心情亦或是一个坏心情。’我选择拥有一份好心情。每次一些不好的事发生，我能选择成为一个受害者还是从中受益。我选择从中受益。每次有人向我抱怨，我可以选择同意他们的抱怨或者指明生活的积极的一面。我选择生活的积极一面。” Hey,it’s not that easy,I protested. “嘿，没这么简单。”我抗议道。 Yes it is, jerry said. Life is all about choices. When you cut away all the junk, every situation is a choice, you choose how you react to situations. You choose how people will affect your mood. You choose to be in a good or bad mood. The bottom line : it’s your choice how you live life. “是的，就是这么简单。”Jerry说。“生命就是与所有的选择有关。当你抛开所有的云雾，每个情景就是一个选择，你选择如何应对各种情况。你选择别人将怎样影响你的心情。你选择好心情还是坏心情。底线是：怎样活出你自己是你的选择。
1．选择题 Once the king of India fell ill and sent for his doctor. The doctor came, examined him and said, “You will be well again in a few days if you take bull’s milk.” The king was very surprised, for he had never heard of a bull that gave milk. “How is it possible?” he asked. “Order Gulbo, the scholar, to get it for you. He can do anything.” The doctor was an enemy to Gulbo, and thought this would be a way of making him suffer. When the king told Gulbo what the doctor had said and ordered him to get bull’s milk, Gulbo immediately understood what the doctor was trying to do. When he got home he sat thinking how to get out of the difficulties. His daughter, seeing him worried, asked what was the matter. On hearing what the king had asked for, she said, “Don’t worry, father, I’ll help you.” The next day she took some old clothes, went to the bank of the river near the palace, and chose a place below the king’s bedroom window. In the middle of the night, when everyone was in bed, she started to do her washing. She made so much noise that the king could not sleep. The king got very angry and set a guard to find out what was the matter. The soldier found the girl, and led her to the king. “Why do you wash your clothes here at night?” asked the king. The girl pretend ed to be afraid and said, “I had to wash clothes at night. This afternoon my father had a baby. I was busy all day because of that. Then I found there were no clean clothes for the baby, so I had to come and wash them now.” “What!” cried the king, “Are y ou trying to make a fool of me? Who ever heard of a man having a baby?” “Well, if the king himself orders someone to get bull’s milk for him, why can’t a man have a baby?” The king smiled and said, “You must be Gulbo’s daughter. Go and tell your father tha t he may keep the bull’s milk for his baby.” 1. According to the doctor in the story, the king’s illness can be cured by ______. A. making Gulbo suffer B. drinking bull’s milk C. seeing another doctor D. feeding him with cow’s milk 2. The doctor told the king to ask Gulbo to find bull’s milk because he ______.
试卷代号：1379 国家开放大学2 01 9年秋季学期期末统一考试 人文英语3试题 2020年1月 注意事项 一、将你的学号、姓名及分校（工作站）名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。 二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求答题。答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。 三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。 四、考试时间为60分钟。 一、交际用语（共计10分，每小题2分) 1-5题:选择正确的语句完成-F列对话,并将答案序号写在答题纸上。 l. —Interestingly. I notice that there are some Chinese words in English as well! —_____________________ A. Oh, really? Can you give me some examples? B. Yes, they were borrowed from English long ago. C. No problem. You must have already known many Chinese words. 2. —I often feel lonely when I engage in my online learning. —_____________________ —I join the online course community. A. How do you think about it? B. How do you deal with this problem? C. How often do you engage in online learning? 3.— How can I deliver my speech in an attractive way? —_____________________ A. Remember: the games shouldn't be too complicated. B. I' m afraid that my audience may find my speech boring. C Make sure that you are talking, not just reciting your draft. 4. — I can imagine how happy she will be with you next time. —_____________________ A. Yeah, there are many advantages in staying home. B. Thanks. I hope my grandmother will recover soon. C. You can play games with her, like crosswords or chess. 5.— Why do you think there is so much crime? —_____________________ A. On the Internet, there, s little protection for kids. B. Parents are too busy to spend time with their kids. C. In my opinion, our efforts in crime prevention are not good enough. 二、词汇语法（共计30分，每小题2分） 6-20题：阅读下面的句子，从A.B.C三个选项中选出一个能填入空白处的最佳选项，并将答案序号写在答题纸上。
Unit1. passageA1. The company will spend $6 million on sales_______ as well as the development of new products. 2. We all agreed on our basic aims, but when we got down to_______ items it became more complicated. 3. Nowadays, _______ not only demand the high quality of the products but also their after-sale services. 4. The movie star was caught in the act of shoplifting but was_______ after he left his ID to the supermarket. 5. The soldiers pretended to run away and the enemy, in pursuing them, were finally_______ . 6. As a _______ of being in hos p ital, Shelly decided to become a nurse. 7. The village_______ from the outside for three days because of the flood. 8. After the Second World War, millions of people were left homeless; so the government decided to give_______ to housing. 9. In many shops, shopping bags are provided for the customers'_______ . 10. With a tearful love story and two famous stars, the movie has all the_______ for a success. Anwser: 1.strategies, 2.specific, 3.consumers, 4.released, 5.trapped, 6.consequence, 7.was isolated, 8.priority, 9.convenience, 10. elements 1.A few mirrors can instantly_______ this room and make it seem a much larger and lighter one. 2. Because of a flat tire, he had to walk_______ to the gas station for help. 3. Don't worry about the repairs, just _______ and let us professionals do the work for you. 4. Any damage to the books _______ carelessness must be paid for by the borrower. 5. He hated having to _______ the hotel bedroom _______ a stranger. Anwser: 1.transfrom, 2.all the way, 3.sit back, 4.resulting from, 5.share ... with 1.这场给人类带来巨大灾难的战争对这样一个诗人产生了什么影响呢？（impact on） How did the war, which brought terrible disasters to mankind, impact on such a poet. 2.做母亲的有时候不能察觉她们所宠爱的孩子们的过错，这样做的结果会使孩子们再次犯同样的过错。（be blind to）Mothers are sometimes blind to the faults of their beloved children which will cause the children to make the same mistake again. 3.作为一个在这个完全陌生国度的新移民（immigrant），她总是感觉到孤立无援。（isolate） As a new immigrant in this completely strange country she always felt isolated. 4.做事不先考虑周全常会导致失败，因此我们应该三思而后行。（result in, act before thinking） Acting before thinking often results in failure, so we should think before we leap. 5. 奢谈的时候已经过去了，我们必须积极行动起来保护我们的环境。（take ... action） The time for talking is past, we must take a positive action to protect our environment 9. First notice the italicized structural similarities between the choice sentences and their simulated reproductions, and then do the simulated translation of the Chinese sentences. 1.每次服两片药，每天三次，你的病几天就会好了。 T ake two pills each time and three times a day and you will be well in a few days. 2. 他不是没有耐心，他只是太累了。 He is not impatient; he is just too tired. 3. 一旦水源短缺到了无可挽回的地步，只得放弃这座城市。 Once water shortage reaches the point of no return, there will be nothing left to be done but abandon the city. 4. 我们愿意与在座的各位代表交流我们在城市规划方面的经验，并向他们说明我们的创新特色。 We’d like to share our experience in city planning with every representative here and show them what is special of our innovations. 5. 对日益严重的交通问题我们不能袖手旁观。 We can’t just sit back and do nothing about increasingly serious traffic problems. 1. The essayist's language expresses rich and_______ meanings. 2. The stockbrokers_______ by the sharp drop in the stock market last Tuesday.