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虚拟语气在If条件句中的使用(精)

虚拟语气在If条件句中的使用(精)
虚拟语气在If条件句中的使用(精)

Subjunctive Mood in If-clauses

虚拟语气在 If 条件句中的使用

【 Task 1】 Discovering verb forms(动词形式

Underline the verb forms and complete the chart.

A

If we had got Mr. Han to coach us, we would have won the 2014 football match in our school. If everybody had come to practice every week, we would have beaten them. If we had been more united(团结 , we would have got the prize.

B

If I were to join in the show on May 30th, 2015, I would do more exercise for the game. If I did more exercise, I might win the game. If I should win the game , I could be very proud.

【 Task 2】 Subjunctive Mood in If-clauses

The confession(忏悔 of a driver

“ If I ____________(drive carefully, I ___________________ (not knock over the kid. If I ___________(stop and sent her to the hospital, the kid _________________ (survive. If I _______(be a free man now, I__________ (try to be a responsible driver. If I __________ (give a piece of advice, I ___________(say ‘be a responsible citizen and reach out a helping hand when necessary’.”

【 Task 3】 Group work:Sharing your regrets and wishes.

I regret __________________________________________________. If time could be turned back, I would have ______________________.

If I ________________________________, I _____________________. If I ________________________________, I _____________________. If I

_________________________________, I ____________________.

if条件句中的虚拟语气讲解

虚拟语气(一) 一、考点聚焦 1、虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 If I were a boy, I would join the army. If she had time, she should go with you. If h e had taken my advice, he would have succeeded in the competition. If i t were to rain tomorrow, the football match would be put off. If I had time, I would attend the meeting. If he had hurried ,he could have caught the train. If I were to go abroad ,I would go to America 如果我是你,我就会努力学习 If I were you, I would work harder at my lessons. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就给他打电话了 If I had known his telephone number, I would have called him. 如果明天下雨的话,我们会取消比赛. If it should \were to rain, we would call off the match.

使用虚拟条件句要注意的几点: 1.当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时,被称为:错综时间条件句“,动词的形式要根据它所表示的时间作出相应的调整. If you had followed my advice , you would be better now. 如果你听我的建议,你现在就会痊愈了. If you had studied hard before, you would be a college student now. 如果你努力学习的话,你现在就会是大学生了. If they had worked hard, they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去,主句指的是现在) 2.省略句 在条件句中,可省略if,把were ,had, should 提到句首,变为倒装句式.If I were at school again, I would study harder. Were I at school again, I would study harder. If you had come earlier, you would have met him. Had you come earlier, you would have met him. If it should rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Should it rain tomorrow, we would not go climbing. Were I a boy, I would join the army. Had he taken my advice, he would have succeeded. Were it not for the expense, I would go to Britain. 2、虚拟语气用于名词性从句 (1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。 ①“wish + 宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望,译为“要是……就好了”等。 表现在过去时 表过去过去完成时 表将来would, might, could+动词原形 I wish it were spring all the year round. I wish I had known the answer. I wish I could fly like a bird. I wish (that) I were a bird. I wish (that) I had seen the film last night. I wish (that) I would\could go.

If条件句和虚拟语气

If条件句和虚拟语气 if 条件句和虚拟语气 包含条件从句的句子叫条件句。条件句有两类:一类是真实条件句(First conditional),一类是非真实条件句(Second Conditional)。如果假设的情况是有可能发生的,就是真实条件句;如果是纯属假设情况或是不可能发生或可能性不大的情况,则是非真实条件句。 1.真实条件句,可用if和unless引导 1)一个动作发生,另一动作随之发生 I’ll lend Peter the money if he needs it. If he has time, he will come. If he doesn’t come before 12 o’clock, we won’t wait for him. I shall go tomorrow unless it rains. I won’t go to her party unless I am invited. 2)表示命令、建议或请求,这时的if等于when If she telephones, let me know. Give my love to Lawrence if you see him. 3)will用于if从句中,不表示将来,而表示愿意或坚持的意思 If you will come this way, I’ll take you to the manager’s office. If you will get drunk every night, it’s not surprising you feel ill. 2. 非真实条件句

非真实条件句包括虚拟条件句和错综时间条件句 1)虚拟条件句分三类,其结构列表如下: If I become president, I’ll make all of my people live a happy life. (竞选总统的候选人这样说) If I became president, I’d make all of my people live a happy life. (一个小学生这样说) l 以下与现在事实相反 He wouldn’t feel so cold if he were indoors. I am sorry I am very busy just now. If I hade time, I would certainly go to the movie with you. l 以下与过去事实相反 If you had come here a little earlier, you would have met the pop star. I don’t know what would have happened if Jane hadn’t been able to speak Japanese. l 以下推测将来 If I were to do the work, I should do it in a different way. If it should rain again, what else could we do? 2) 错综时间条件句

if条件句中的虚拟语气(一)(同步练习)-word文档资料

(答题时间:20分钟) 一、单项选择: 1. —I didn’t attend the lecture yesterday. —I ________, either,if my mother hadn’t reminded me. A. wouldn’t B. wouldn’t have C. didn’t D. hadn’t 2. —Will you accept the job offer? —If I ________ five years younger, I ________ it. A. were; would have taken B. have been; would take C. were; would take D. had been; would have taken 3. —Pity you missed the concert. —I ________ it, but I was busy preparing for a job interview. A. must have attended B. had attended C. would have attended D. would attend 4. Don’t complain about your pet dog.Your pet dog _____ like you more, if you ____ him better. A. would, treated B. could, had treated C. can, treated D. would, treat 5. If he _____ tomorrow, we _____ the meeting till next week. A. should not come, would put off B. does not come, would put off C. comes, will put off D. came, would put off 二、翻译下列句子: 1. 如果我是你,我就会努力学习。 ____________________________________________________ 2. 如果明天下雨的话,我们会取消比赛。 ____________________________________________________ 3. 假如明天他来了, 我们对他说什么呢? ____________________________________________________ 4. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。 __________________________________________________ 5. 如果我是Tom,我不会做这样的事情。 ____________________________________________________ 6. 如果我很了解她,我会告诉你关于她的一些情况。 ____________________________________________________ 7. 如果我能出国,我会到美国去。

高考if条件句虚拟语气

高考虚拟语气试题 1. ____ to the doctor right away, he might have been alive. A. If he went B. Were he gone C. Should he have gone D. Had he gone 2. If you were older, I ____ you to go there yesterday. A. will allow B. should allow C. would have allowed D. had allowed 3. If we ____ here ten minutes earlier, we ___ the bus. A. arrived/would catch B. arrived/would have caught C. had arrived/had caught D. had arrived/would have caught 4. If I ___ more time, I would have gone with him. A. had B. had had C. have had D. would have 5. If he had not gone out in the storm _____. A. he will be alive now B. he would be alive now C. he would have been alive now 6. If it ___ tomorrow, what would we do? A. rains B. were to rain C. would rain D. rain 7. If only I _____ how to operate an electronic computer as you do. A. had known B. would know C. should k now D. knew 8. If it ___ rain, we ___ get wet. A. is to, should B. were to, would C. were going to, would D. was going to, should 9. If he ___ to the teacher attentively, he ___ the answer to the problem now. A. had lis tened, would have known B. listened, would know C. listened, would have known D. had listened, would know 10. ---- I thought you would come back tomorrow. ---- I would if I ___ to attend a meeting. A. don’t have B. didn’t have C. will not have D. would not have 11. If I had hurried, I ___ the train. A. would catch B. could catch C. would have caught D. had caught 12. If I had known that, I ___ so. A. wouldn’t do B. wouldn’t have done C. won’t do D. have not done 13. If I ___ you, I wouldn’t return the call. A. be B. am C. was D. we re 14. If the doctor had been available, the child ___. 教育是一项良心工程 1

if虚拟语气

英语动词有三种语气:陈述语气、祈使语气、虚拟语气(用来表示说的话不是事实,或者是不太可能发生的情况,而是一种愿望,建议,假设的语气叫虚拟语气。) 虚拟语气的考点: 1.条件句中的虚拟语气的用法; 2.条件句中虚拟语气的倒装; 3.名词性从句中虚拟语气的用法; 4.几种特殊结构中虚拟语气的用法; 5.虚拟语气时态的判定。 一、If引导的虚拟条件句 区别: If it rains tomorrow,the crops will be saved. 陈述语气 If it rained tomorrow,the crops would be saved. 虚拟语气 真实条件状语从句与非真实条件状语从句 真:eg.If he doesn’t hurry up,he will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) If he is free,he will ask me to tell stories. 如果他是空闲的,他会要求我讲故事。(真实条件状语)(不是虚拟语气) 非真:eg.If I were you,I would go at once. 如果我是你,我马上就会去。(非真实条件状语从句) 二、虚拟语气在条件从句中: 【例句】1.If you had come a few minutes earlier,you would have met him. 要是你早来几分钟的话,你就能见到他了。(与过去事实相反)

2.If it were sunny tomorrow,i would come to see you. 明天要是天气好的话,我来看你。(与将来事实可能相反) 3.If i were you,i would go at once. 假如我是你的话,我会马上走。(与现在事实相反,事实上我不可能是你)主从句的谓语形式 (一)与现在事实相反的虚拟条件句 表示与现在事实相反的情况, 例1.If I were you,I would take an umbrella. 如果我是你,我会带把伞。(事实:我不可能是你) 2.If I knew his telephone number,I would tell you. 如果我知道他的电话号码,我就会告诉你。(事实:不知道) 3.If there were no air or water,there would be no living things on the earth. 如果没有水和空气,地球上就不会有生物。(事实:地球上既有空气也有水) 4.If I had any money with me,I could lend you some. 如果我带钱了,我就会借给你些。(事实:没带钱) 5.If he studied harder,he might pass the exam. 如果他再努力些,就能通过考试了。(事实:没有努力

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。 只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现, 能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气; 假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。 1. “后退一步法”后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是: ①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 2、注意事项: ①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。 二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法: 1. If it weren’t for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。(而事实上得到了你们的帮助) 2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿。(事实天气不好) 3.If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话,我再读一遍。(事实上我不是你) 4.If time permitted, I would write it again. 如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍。(事实上时间不允许) 5.If it weren’t snowing, we wouldn’t stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里。(事实上现在下雪) 6.What would I do if I were in your place?要是我处于你地位我会怎么办?(事实上我不在你的位置上) 7.If he hurried, he could catch the first bus. 他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。(可是他不着急) 8. If I were you, I should buy it. (从句用过去式动词were,主句用动词原形buy) 9. If I had time, I would study French. (如果有时间,我会学习法文。)(从句用过去式动词had,主句用动词原形study) 10. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. (如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了。)(从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask) 注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……" 14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. (从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking)

If 条件句 虚拟语气

If 条件句虚拟语气 if 条件句 If it hadn’t rained ,I would have been out to play If I were to be a doctor,I would help those patients Hadn’t it rained, ,I would have been out to play 情态动词完成式暗示虚拟语气: Should have done 本该做。。却没做 Shouldn’t have dong 不该做。。却做了 Needn’t have done 没必要做。。。却做了。。。 例如:I should have called me . 强化训练:虚拟语气 1.Were it not for the snowy weather, we ----- all right. A. would be B. would have been C. were D. may be 2.-------- more careful, his ship would not have sunk. A. If the captain were B. Had the captain been C. Should the captain be D. If the captain would have been 3. If he ------me tomorrow, I would let him know. A. should call B. should not have been able C. were not able D. are not able 4.----------- today, he would get there by Friday. A. Would he leave B. Was he leaving C. Were he to leave D. If he leaves 5. ______I you, I would go with him to the party. A. Was B. Had been C. Will be D. Were 6. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he-------- our chairman now. A. must have been B. would have been C. were D. would be

(完整版)if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气

if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气 虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。 一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类: 1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。例如: ⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。 (2)、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。) 2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。例如: ⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his ol d friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。 ⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。) 2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能

够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是: ①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。例: ⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 4、注意事项 ①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

if引导的条件状语从句-虚拟语气

虚拟语气是一项语法难点,为了让学员们便于理解与记忆,我们把虚拟语气分成三大块来讨论: 1.名词从句中的虚拟语气标志词+should+动词原形 2.条件从句中的虚拟语气①三种基本态②倒装虚拟句③混时虚拟句④含蓄虚拟句⑤跳层虚拟句 3.其它情形中的虚拟语气(wish/would rather/It’s high time…/If only…/lest) 一.三种基本形态(1) 表虚拟的时间if从句谓语形式主句谓语形式 现在:did / were would (should, might, could)+do 过去:had done/ had been would (should/might/could)+have done(been) 将来:were to/ should+do would (should, might, could)+do 三种基本形态(2)(这是基础,建议牢记下面的例句,争取能脱口而出) 与现在事实相反:If I had enough money, I would buy a book. 与过去事实相反:If I had had enough money, I would have bought a book. 与将来事实相反:If I were to have enough money, I would buy a book. If I should have enough money, I would buy a book. 二、倒装虚拟句(只能与过去/将来事实相反,省去if,只有三种倒装形式)Had I had enough money, I would have bought a book. Were I to have enough money, I would buy a book. Should I have enough money, I would buy a book. 三、混合时间虚拟语气(主要是抓住时间状语) (对过去事实虚拟+对现在事实虚拟) If I had studied English at school, I could read the English novel now. (对现在事实虚拟+对过去事实虚拟) If she were not so careless, she wouldn’t have made such a mistake. 四、含蓄虚拟句(在四级考试中目前还未出现此考点,但在阅读中常见) 3. 虚拟语气用在主语从句中。在句型“It is important (necessary, strange, natural等) that...” 中,that 后面的从句中的谓语动词用(should) + 动词原形。It's necessary that we should have a walk now. 我们现在有必要出去散散步。What would I have done without you? But for their help, I would not have finished the task. But that the doctor arrived on time that day, they would have been dead. Given more time, I would have been able to finish the test.

if引导的条件句 与 虚拟语气 的 区别

if引导的条件句与虚拟语气的区别 if引导的从句什么时候用虚拟语气 最佳答案 if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类: 1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句。例如: ⑴、If I have time , I will help you with this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。 ⑵、As long as I say anything wrong, you must point it out.只要我说了什么错话,你一定要指出来。 ⑶、If time permits, we'll go fishing together.(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼。) 2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。例如: ⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting. 如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come here yesterday, he would have seen his old friend.假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。 ⑴、If it had rained yesterday, we would have stayed at home.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。) 2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断 判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反。②与现在事实相反。 ③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是: ①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。 主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。例: ⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 4、注意事项 ①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。 ②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。

虚拟语气-if引导的非真实条件句

虚拟语气-if引导的非真实条件句 1. 真是条件句和非真实条件句 一般而言,虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中是考生们最常见、最常考到的虚拟语气语法点。此种虚拟语气形式也就本课件特定讲解的“if引导的非真实条件句之虚拟语气”。 再讨论此类虚拟语气之前,有必要说明一点:并非所有包含“if引导的非真实条件”从句的句子都是虚拟语气句子。在英语中,虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反,或不可能发生的情况。因此要判断类似句子是不是虚拟语气,通常的标准是:假设条件不符合客观事实或者实现的可能性极其微小的,通常就是虚拟语气;反之则不是。请理解区别以下句子: (1)If you don’t hurry up, you will miss the bus. 如果他不快点,他将错过巴士。( 真 实) (2)If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你,我马上就会去。(非真实, 虚拟语气) 2. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1) if假设的条件与现在事实相反或不可能发生。则条件状语从句用一般过去时(任何be动词的原来形式一律改用were),主句用“would(should, could, might)+动词原形”。请理解以下句子: (1) If I were you, I would work hard. (2) If we had time, we could play the game again. 2) if假设的条件与过去事实相反或不可能发生。则条件状语从句用“had+过去分词主句”,主句用“would(should, could, might)+have+过去分词”。请理解以下句子: (1) If he had taken my advice, he would have passed the exam. (2) If I had known your telephone number, I would have called you. 3) if假设的条件与将来的事实可能相反或不可能发生:条件状语从句:①

虚拟语气-if引导的非真实条件句(精)

虚拟语气 -if 引导的非真实条件句 1. 真是条件句和非真实条件句 一般而言, 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中是考生们最常见、最常考到的虚拟语气语法点。此种虚拟语气形式也就本课件特定讲解的“ if 引导的非真实条件句之 虚拟语气” 。 再讨论此类虚拟语气之前,有必要说明一点:并非所有包含“ if 引导的非真实条件” 从句的句子都是虚拟语气句子。在英语中, 虚拟语气表示动作或状态与事实相反, 或不可能发生的情况。因此要判断类似句子是不是虚拟语气, 通常的标准是:假设条件不符合客观事实或者实现的可能性极其微小的, 通常就是虚拟语气;反之则 不是。请理解区别以下句子: (1If you don’ t hurry up, you will miss the bus. 如果他不快点, 他将错过巴士。( 真实 (2If I were you, I would go at once. 如果我是你,我马上就会去。 (非真实, 虚拟语气 2. 虚拟语气用于条件状语从句中 1 if 假设的条件与现在事实相反或不可能发生。则条件状语从句用一般过去时(任何 be 动词的原来形式一律改用 were ,主句用“ would(should, could, might+动词原形” 。请理解以下句子: (1 If I were you, I would work hard. (2 If we had time, we could play the game again. 2 if 假设的条件与过去事实相反或不可能发生。则条件状语从句用“ had+过去分词主句” ,主句用“ would(should, could, might+have+过去分词” 。请理解以下句子:

2020年if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气(课件)

2020年if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气(课件) if引导的条件句中的虚拟语气?虚拟语气表示一种不能实现的假设。该语法主要用于if条件状语从句。?一、if引导的条件状语从句的分类及虚拟条件句的判断 1、可以把条件句分为两类: 1).真实条件句(Sentences of Real Condition):凡是假设的情况发生性可能很大,就是真实条件句.例如: ⑴、If I havetime ,I will help youwith this work.如果我有时间会帮助你做此工作的。

(2)、If time permits,we’ll go fishing together。(如果有时间的话,我们就一起去钓鱼.) 2).虚拟条件句(Sentences of Unreal Condition):当假设是不大可能实现时,就是虚拟条件句。例如:?⑴、If I were you , I would have attended the meeting.如果我是你的话,就去参加会议了。 ⑵、If he had come hereyesterday, hewould have seen his old friend。假如他昨天来这儿的话,就会看见他的老朋友。?⑴、If ithad ra ined yesterday, we would have stayed at hom e.(如果昨天下雨的话,我们就会留在家里。) 2、.if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断?判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句.只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。 判断这个假设是与哪个事实相反。通常有三种情况:①与过去事实相反.②与现在事实相反。③与将来事实可能相反。 3、“后退一步法”?后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句

if条件状语从句中虚拟语气

if 条件状语从句中的虚拟语气 一、if条件状语从句中虚拟语气的判断判断是真实条件句还是非真实条件句。只有在非真实条件句中才使用虚拟语气。通过句子意思,看假设的条件是否能够实现,能够实现是真实条件句,不能使用虚拟语气;假设的条件不能实现则是非真实条件句,要用虚拟语气。 1. “后退一步法” 后退一步法是指在准确地判断了该句与哪一事实相反后,按虚拟语气的后退一步法处理从句谓语动词的时态。即:在非真实条件状语从句中,谓语动词按正常情况“后退一步”。也就是: ①与过去事实相反,在从句中用过去完成时形式表示。 ②与现在事实相反,在从句中用过去一般时形式表示。 ③与将来事实可能相反,在从句中用过去将来时形式表示。主句中则用情态动词would, should, could 等加一个与从句一致的动词形式。 例:⑴、If I had come her yesterday, I would have seen him. ⑵、If I were a teacher, I would be strict with my students. ⑶、If it should snow tomorrow, they couldn't go out. 2、注意事项:①if条件句中如有were, should, had,可以省去if,并使用倒装语序。②在现代英语中if条件状与从句中的谓语动词如果是be其过去形式一般用were。 二、虚拟语气在if 引导的条件句中的用法: (一)、表示与现在事实相反的情况。其句子结构为:从句:if + 主语+ 动词的过去式(be 用were) + …… ,主句:主语+ would (should, could , might) + 动词原形+ …… 例: 1. If it weren't for your help, we would get into trouble. 如果没有你们的帮助,我们就会陷入困境。(而事实上得到了你们的帮助) 2.If the weather were fine, I would go there. 如果天气好,我去那儿。(事实天气不好) 3.If I were you, I would read it again. 如果我是你的话,我再读一遍。(事实上我不是你) 4.If time permitted, I would write it again. 如果时间允许的话,我再写一遍。(事实上时间不允许) 5.If it weren't snowing, we wouldn't stay in the house. 要是现在不下雪的话,我们就不会待在屋里。(事实上现在下雪) 6.What would I do if I were in your place? 要是我处于你地位我会怎么办?(事实上我不在你的位置上) 7.If he hurried, he could catch the first bus. 他要是快点能够赶上头班公共汽车。(可是他不着急) 8. If I were you, I should buy it. (从句用过去式动词were,主句用动词原形buy) 9. If I had time, I would study French. (如果有时间,我会学习法文。)(从句用过去式动词had,主句用动词原形study) 10. If she knew English, she would not ask me for help. (如果她懂英文,她就不必要我帮了。)(从句用过去式动词knew, 主句用动词原形ask)注意:如果动作在进行中,主句要用:"主语+ would be + 进行式动词+ ……" 14. If they were here, he would be speaking to them now. (从句用过去式动词were, 主句用would be speaking)(二)、表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件句。其句子结构为:从句:If + 主语+ had +过去完成式动词+ …… 主句:主语+ would (should, could, might) + have +过去完成式动

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