综合教程部分
第一单元：
卷A
全新版第二版综合B3U4-A
Part I Listening Comprehension ( 14 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONL Y ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false.
1.
A) T
B) F
Script: In 1905, at the age of 26 and five years before he was able to get a job as a professor of physics, Einstein published five of the most important papers in the history of science — all written in his "spare time".
正确答案：B
2.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein proved that atoms and molecules existed.
正确答案：A
3.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein argued that light came in little bits (later called “photons”) and thus laid the foundation for quantum mechanics.
正确答案：A
4.
A) T
B) F
Script: Before Einstein, the last scientist who had such a creative outburst was Sir Isaac Newton.
正确答案：A
5.
A) T
B) F
Script: The United Nations has declared 2008 “The World Year of Physics” to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s “miracle year”.
正确答案：B
6.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein’s brain looked quite different.
正确答案：B
7.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein is remembered not just as a scientific genius, but also from tales of his warm personality, simple tastes and somewhat eccentric habits.
正确答案：A
8.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein was slow in learning how to talk.
正确答案：A
9.
A) T
B) F
Script: By the age of 17, Einstein already had a predilection for solving complicated problems in applied arithmetic.
正确答案：B
10.
A) T
B) F
Script: An uncle, Jakob Einstein, an engineer, introduced Einstein to the joys of algebra.
正确答案：A
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
Psychologists take opposing views on how external rewards, from warm praise to cold (11)_________________ , affect motivation and (12)_________________ . Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their (13)_________________ , argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school. Cognitive (14)_________________ , who study various aspects of mental life, (15)_________________ that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on (16)_________________ and gifts from others. The (17)_________________ view has gained many supporters especially among educators. But the careful use of (18)_________________ sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. "If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating (19)_________________ for rewards. A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades. In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle changing problems and receive (20)_________________ toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
Script: Psychologists take opposing views on how external rewards, from warm praise to cold cash, affect motivation and creativity. Behaviorists, who study the relation between actions and their consequences, argue that rewards can improve performance at work and school.
Cognitive researchers, who study various aspects of mental life, maintain that rewards often destroy creativity by encouraging dependence on approval and gifts from others. The latter view has gained many supporters especially among educators. But the careful use of small monetary rewards sparks creativity in grade school children, suggesting that properly presented inducements indeed aid inventiveness, according to a study in the June Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. "If kids know they're working for a reward and can focus on a relatively challenging task, they show the most creativity," says Robert Eisenberger of the University of Delaware in Newark. But it's easy to kill creativity by giving rewards for poor performance or creating too much anticipation for rewards. A teacher who continually draws attention to rewards or who hands out high grades for ordinary achievement ends up with uninspired students, Eisenberger holds. As an example of the latter point, he notes growing efforts at major universities to tighten grading standards and restore failing grades. In early grades, the use of so-called token economies, in which students handle changing problems and receive performance-based points toward valued rewards, shows promise in raising efforts and creativity, the Delaware psychologist claims.
正确答案：cash
正确答案：creativity
正确答案：consequences
正确答案：researchers
正确答案：maintain
正确答案：approval
正确答案：latter
正确答案：small monetary rewards
正确答案：too much anticipation
正确答案：performance-based points
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select
one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Albert Einstein was 21 . For the third night in a row, his baby son Hans, crying, kept the household 22 until dawn. When Albert finally 23 , it was time to get up and go to work. He couldn't 24 a day. He needed the job to support his young family. Walking 25 to the Patent Office, where he was a "Technical Expert, Third Class," Albert worried about his mother. She was getting older and 26 , and she didn't 27 his marriage to Mileva. Relations were 28 . Albert 29 a passing shop window. His hair was a mess; he had forgotten to comb it again. Work. Family. 30 . Albert felt all the pressure and responsibility of any young husband and father.
A) exhausted B) disdain C) awake D) dozed off
E) skip F) briskly G) passionately H) frail
I) baffle J) approve of K) glanced at L) intuition
M) stimulate N) Making ends meet O) strained
21. ______________________
正确答案：A
22. ______________________
正确答案：C
23. ______________________
正确答案：D
24. ______________________
正确答案：E
25. ______________________
正确答案：F
26. ______________________
正确答案：H
27. ______________________
正确答案：J
28. ______________________
正确答案：O
29. ______________________
正确答案：K
30. ______________________
正确答案：N
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
For about three centuries we have been doing science, trying science out, using science for the construction of what we call modern civilization. Every dispensable item of contemporary technology, from canal locks to dial telephones to penicillin, was pieced together from the analysis of data provided by one or another series of scientific experiments. Three hundred years seems a long time for testing a new approach to human inter-living, long enough to set back for critical appraisal of the scientific method, maybe even long enough to vote on whether to go on with it or not. There is an argument.
Voices have been raised in protest since the beginning, rising in pitch and violence in the 19th century during the early stages of the industrial revolution, summoning urgent crowds into the streets on the issue of nuclear energy. "Give it back," say some of the voices, "It doesn't really work, we've tried it and it doesn't work. Go back three hundred years and start again on something else less chancy for the race of man."
The principal discoveries in this century, taking all in all, are the glimpses of the depth of our ignorance of nature. Things that used to seem clear and rational, and matters of absolute certainty — Newtonian mechanics, for example — have slipped through our fingers; and we are left with a new set of gigantic puzzles, cosmic uncertainties, and ambiguities. Some of the
laws of physics are amended every few years; some are canceled outright; some undergo revised versions of legislative intent as if they were acts of Congress.
Just thirty years ago we call it a biological revolution when the fantastic geometry of the DNA molecule was exposed to public view and the linear language of genetics was decoded. For a while, things seemed simple and clear: the cell was a neat little machine, a mechanical device ready for taking to pieces and reassembling, like a tiny watch. But just in the last few years it has become almost unbelievably complex, filled with strange parts whose functions are beyond today’s imagining.
It is not just that there is more to do, there is everything to do. What lies ahead, or what can lie ahead if the efforts in basic research are continued, is much more than the conquest of human disease or the improvement of agricultural technology or the cultivation of nutrients in the sea. As we learn more about fundamental processes of living things in general we will learn more about ourselves.
31.
What CANNOT be inferred from the first paragraph?
A) Scientific experiments in the past three hundred years have produced many valuable items.
B) For three hundred years there have been people holding a hostile attitude toward science.
C) Modern civilization depends on science so man supports scientific progress unanimously.
D) Some people think three hundred years is not long enough to set back for critical appraisal of scientific method.
正确答案：C
32.
The principal discovery in this century shows ________.
A) man has overthrown Newton's laws of physics
B) man has solved a new set of gigantic puzzles
C) man has lost many scientific discoveries
D) man has given up some of the once accepted theories
正确答案：D
33.
Now scientists have found in the past few years ________.
A) the exposure of DNA to the public is unnecessary
B) the tiny cell in DNA is a neat little machine
C) man knows nothing about DNA
D) man has much to learn about DNA
正确答案：D
34.
The writer's main purpose in writing the passage is to say that ________.
A) science is just at its beginning
B) science has greatly improved man's life
C) science has made profound progress
D) science has done too little to human beings
正确答案：A
35.
The writer's attitude towards science is ________.
A) critical
B) approving
C) neutral
D) regretful
正确答案：C
Passage Two
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.
Our culture has caused most Americans to assume not only that our language is universal but that the gestures we use are understood by everyone. We do not realize that waving good-bye is the way to summon a person to one's side in the Philippines, or that in Italy and some Latin-American countries, curling the finger to oneself is a sign of farewell.
Those private citizens who sent packages to our troops occupying Germany after World War II and marked them GIFT to escape duty payments did not bother to find out that "Gift" means poison in German. Moreover, we like to think of ourselves as friendly, yet we prefer to be at least 3 feet or an arm's length away from others. Latins and Middle Easterners like to come closer and touch, which makes Americans uncomfortable.
Our linguistic and cultural blindness and the casualness with which we take notice of the developed tastes, gestures, customs and language of other countries, are losing us friends, business and respect in the world.
Even here in the United States, we make few concessions to the needs of foreign visitors. There are no information signs in four language on our public buildings or monuments; we do not have multilingual (多语的) guided tours. Very few restaurant menus have translations, and multilingual waiters, bank clerks and policemen are rare. Our transportation systems have maps in English only and often we ourselves have difficulty understanding them.
When we go abroad, we tend to cluster in hotels and restaurants where English is spoken. The attitudes and information we pick up are conditioned by those natives — usually the richer —who speak English. Our business dealings, as well as the nation's diplomacy, are conducted through interpreters.
For many years, America and Americans could get by with cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance. After all, America was the most powerful country of the world, the distributor of needed funds and goods.
But all that is past. American dollars no longer buy all good things, and we are slowly beginning to realize that our proper role in the world is changing. A 1979 Harris poll reported that 55 percent of Americans want this country to play a more significant role in world affairs; we want to have a hand in the important decisions of the next century, even tough it may not always be the upper hand.
36.
It can be inferred that Americans being approached too closely by Middle Easterners would most probably ________.
A) stand still
B) jump aside
C) step forward
D) draw back
正确答案：D
37.
The author gives many examples to criticize Americans for their ________.
A) cultural self-centeredness
B) casual manners
C) indifference towards foreign visitors
D) arrogance towards other cultures
正确答案：A
38.
In countries other than their own most Americans ________.
A) are isolated by the local people
B) are not well informed due to the language barrier
C) tend to get along well with the natives
D) need interpreters in hotels and restaurants
正确答案：B
39.
According to the author, American's cultural blindness and linguistic ignorance will _______.
A) affect their image in the new era
B) cut themselves off from the outside world
C) limit their role in world affairs
D) weaken the position of the US dollar
正确答案：C
40.
The author's intention in writing this article is to make Americans realize that _______.
A) it is dangerous to ignore their foreign friends
B) it is important to maintain their leading role in world affairs
C) it is necessary to use several languages in public places
D) it is time to get acquainted with other cultures
正确答案：D
Part III Vocabulary and Structure ( 11 minutes )
Directions: There are a number of incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE that best completes the sentence.
41.
People appreciate ___________ with him because he has a good sense of humor.
A) to work
B) to have worked
C) working
D) having worked
正确答案：C
42.
He gives people the impression ____________ all his life abroad.
A) of having spent
B) to have spent
C) of being spent
D) to spend
正确答案：A
43.
The student's writing shows plenty of __________.
A) insensitivity
B) insensibility
C) indifference
D) imagination
正确答案：D
44.
You will never know what a(n) __________ she was to all around her.
A) admiration
B) inspiration
C) calculation
D) innocence
正确答案：B
45.
He could __________ her face at will.
A) scatter
B) isolate
C) confuse
D) evoke
正确答案：D
46.
A small child has to learn to keep its ________ before he can walk far.
A) baggage
B) block
C) border
D) balance
正确答案：D
47.
It goes _________ that the old couple loved their country deeply.
A) beyond belief
B) beyond doubt
C) over doubt
D) over belief
正确答案：B
48.
He dressed too formally, which made him look a ________ out of place at the class union.
A) trifle
B) tiny
C) sort
D) few
正确答案：A
49.
The brainstorm in class _________ a free exchange of ideas.
A) constituted
B) stimulus
C) stimulated
D) startled
正确答案：C
50.
General Motors, ______ on increasing its market share for the second consecutive year, turned to a fire sale last month that lifted sales 36 percent and helped it accomplish its goal, according to figures released today.
A) confident
B) imposed
C) impacting
D) intent
正确答案：D
51.
When I finished grammar school I had to go to work because my mother could no longer feed and ______ me on her cooking job.
A) civilize
B) clothe
C) insure
D) exploit
正确答案：B
52.
______ almost any circumstances they are opposed to abortion for it weakens mothers.
A) For
B) In
C) On
D) Below
正确答案：B
53.
Although I'm forty, ______ my parents, I'm still a young person.
A) in connection with
B) in the eyes of
C) on account of
D) in the favor of
正确答案：B
54.
________ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.
A) When compared
B) While comparing
C) Compare
D) Comparing
正确答案：A
55.
Before I ______ I would like to thank you all for attending this meeting.
A) curse
B) conclude
C) authorize
D) confirm
正确答案：B
56.
The Chinese people, for a long time subjected to aggression, oppression and humiliation by foreign powers, will never ______ these sufferings upon others.
A) haul
B) generate
C) inflict
D) compel
正确答案：C
57.
______ Einstein had early speech difficulties, he was a top student in elementary school.
A) A In spite of
B) Be it
C) Although
D) Despite
正确答案：C
58.
In criminal psychology, the absence of facial expression is as important as the ______ of it.
A) being
B) presence
C) existence
D) beauty
正确答案：B
59.
It would be considered very _______ for a man not to take his hat off in church.
A) irrelevant
B) irreverent
C) irresponsible
D) irreversible
正确答案：B
60.
_______ to be recognized by anybody, she attended party from the back door.
A) Wishing
B) Not to wish
C) Not wishing
D) No wishing
正确答案：C
Part IV Translation ( 10 minutes )
Directions: Complete the sentences by translating into English the Chinese given in brackets.
61. ____________________ (生于20世纪之初), Professor Ji Xianlin, good at 12 foreign languages, used to act as the vice-president of Beijing University before he died.
正确答案：Born at the turn of the 20th century
62. With the development of science and technology, the Shanghainese ____________________ (发现很难放慢越来越快的生活节奏).
正确答案：find it very hard to slow down the pace of life which is getting faster
63. ____________________ (根据他的外貌，我们可以有把握地得出结论) that he likes body building very much.
正确答案：From his appearance we can certainly come to the conclusion
64. Though the film is not very complicated, ____________________ (对于英语初学者来说仍然很难跟上故事情节).
正确答案：it is still difficult for English beginners to keep up with the plot
65. The manager is so arbitrary and self-centered that ____________________ (他常粗鲁地发表评论而不顾他人的感情).
正确答案：he often makes rude remarks regardless of other people's feelings
卷B
全新版第二版综合B3U4-B
Part I Listening Comprehension ( 11 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, you will hear ten statements. Numbers 1 to 6 are based on Text A while the rest are based on Text B. Each statement will be read ONL Y ONCE. Listen carefully and decide whether each statement is true or false.
1.
A) T
B) F
Script: In 1905, at the age of 26 and five years before he was able to get a job as a professor of physics, Einstein published five of the most important papers in the history of science — all written in his "spare time".
正确答案：B
2.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein proved that atoms and molecules existed.
正确答案：A
3.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein argued that light came in little bits (later called “photons”) and thus laid the foundation for quantum mechanics.
正确答案：A
4.
A) T
B) F
Script: Before Einstein, the last scientist who had such a creative outburst was Sir Isaac Newton.
正确答案：A
5.
A) T
B) F
Script: The United Nations has declared 2008 “The World Year of Physics” to celebrate the 100th anniversary of Einstein’s “miracle year”.
正确答案：B
6.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein’s brain looked quite different.
正确答案：B
7.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein is remembered not just as a scientific genius, but also from tales of his warm personality, simple tastes and somewhat eccentric habits.
正确答案：A
8.
A) T
B) F
Script: Einstein was slow in learning how to talk.
正确答案：A
9.
A) T
B) F
Script: By the age of 17, Einstein already had a predilection for solving complicated problems in applied arithmetic.
正确答案：B
10.
A) T
B) F
Script: An uncle, Jakob Einstein, an engineer, introduced Einstein to the joys of algebra.
正确答案：A
Section B
Directions: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the exact words you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.
He had impressive powers of concentration. Einstein's sister, Maja,
(11)_________________ "... even when there was a lot of noise, he could lie down on the sofa,
(12)_________________ a pen and paper, precariously balance an inkwell on the backrest and
(13)_________________ in a problem so much that the background noise
(14)_________________ rather than (15)_________________ him."
Einstein was clearly intelligent, but not outlandishly more so than his
(16)_________________ . "I have no special talents," he claimed, "I am only passionately
(17)_________________ ." And again:"The contrast between the popular assessment of my powers ... and the reality is simply grotesque." Einstein (18)_________________ his discoveries to imagination and endless (19)_________________ more so than orthodox
(20)_________________ .
Script: He had impressive powers of concentration. Einstein's sister, Maja,recalled "... even when there was a lot of noise, he could lie down on the sofa,pick up a pen and paper, precariously balance an inkwell on the backrest and engross in a problem so much that the background noise stimulated rather than disturbed him."
Einstein was clearly intelligent, but not outlandishly more so than his peers. "I have no special talents," he claimed, "I am only passionately curious." And again: "The contrast between the popular assessment of my powers ... and the reality is simply grotesque." Einstein credited his discoveries to imagination and endless questioning more so than orthodox intelligence.
正确答案：recalled
正确答案：pick up
正确答案：engross
正确答案：stimulated
正确答案：disturbed
正确答案：peers
正确答案：curious
正确答案：credited
正确答案：questioning
正确答案：intelligence
Part II Reading Comprehension ( 25 minutes )
Section A
Directions: In this section, there is a passage with several blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.
Although Einstein's five papers were published in a single year, he had been thinking about physics, deeply, since 21 . "Science was dinner-table conversation in the Einstein 22 ," explains Galison. Albert's father Hermann and uncle Jakob ran a German company making such things as dynamos, arc lamps, 23 and telephones. This was high-tech at the turn of the century, "like a Silicon V alley company would be today," notes Galison. "Albert's interest in science and technology came 24 ."
Einstein's parents sometimes took Albert to parties. No babysitter was required: Albert sat on the couch, totally 25 , quietly doing math problems while others danced around him. Pencil and paper were Albert's GameBoy!
He had 26 powers of concentration. Einstein's sister, Maja, recalled "... even when there was a lot of noise, he could 27 on the sofa, pick up a pen and paper, 28 balance an inkwell on the backrest and 29 himself in a problem so much that the background noise 30 rather than disturbed him."
A) engross B) mess C) household D) revolutionize
E) outbreak F) naturally G) beholden H) undermine
I) impressive J) lie down K) light bulbs L) precariously
M) absorbed N) childhood O) stimulated
21. ______________________
正确答案：N
22. ______________________
正确答案：C
23. ______________________
正确答案：K
24. ______________________
正确答案：F
25. ______________________
正确答案：M
26. ______________________
正确答案：I
27. ______________________
正确答案：J
28. ______________________
正确答案：L
29. ______________________
正确答案：A
30. ______________________
正确答案：O
Section B
Directions: There are several passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice.
Passage One
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.
There are designer shirts, skirts, and jeans, and now there's a designer sport: wallyball. Wallyball is a version of volleyball played on a racquetball court. It is hardly an old folk recreation that modern-day enthusiasts revived. Rather, Joe Garcia designed the sport when the racquetball boom peaked around 1980. The game is suitable for teams of two to four persons. The owners of racquetball clubs and neighboring pubs appreciate this quality — instead of two people drinking beer after an hour on a racquetball court, wallyball provides up to eight.
But let us backtrack a moment. In the beginning, there was handball. People played it in firehouses and gyms. The problem with handball is that it is played with a hard little rubber ball that stings the hands, and it requires that people use both hands equally well, which few people do. Then someone discovered that a hollow rubber ball and a short, strung racket could be used on handball game. While racquetball is easy to play poorly, the game is difficult to master and play well. When the masses took to jogging and aerobics, the owners of racquetball clubs found they could no longer make a living on racquetball alone. Enter Joe Garcia and wallyball.
Wallyball seems a relatively trivial innovation. But its origins call our attention to the ever-changing, dynamic quality of life. We are led by a commonsense orientation to regard the world as stable. For practical purposes, most objects and events seem sufficiently durable to allow
Unit 1 在弗雷德看来，面试进行得很顺利。五天前他曾向一家小公司申请工作，现在那公司的一名董事正在对他进行面试。 在这之前弗雷德一直在当推销员。他现在想调工作并不是因为缺钱，而是因为作为一名推销员他几乎没有空闲的时间。 弗雷德在谈话前很担心，生怕头脑发昏说错话，但是很幸运他发现自己同这位董事的共同之处颇多。 显然这位董事很满意。正当弗雷德在想着自己很可能得到工作时，董事接着问他：“你愿意加班吗?” In Fred’s view, the interview was going very smoothly indeed. Five days before, he had applied for a job at a small business company and now he was being interviewed by one of its directors. Fred had been working as a salesman. He wanted to change his job not because he was short of money, but because as a salesman he could hardly enjoy any leisure at all. Fred had been worried that he might lose his head and say something silly, but fortunately he found that he had a lot in common with the director. It was clear that the director was quite satisfied. Fred was thinking that his chances of landing the job were favourable when the director proceeded to ask, “Do you mind working over time?” Unit 2 B.汉译英 汤姆一开始同父亲谈话就想直截了当地把自己的意思说出来。“爸爸，我作了一个重要的决定，我打算参军去（go into the services）。”父亲很吃惊，不赞同地看着他。“你不应该先得到学位吗？你总有机会服役的，在你……” “可是，爸爸，我今年无论如何会被征入伍的（be drafted）。”汤姆急着打断父亲说。“所以为什么不现在入伍呢（enlist）? 如果入伍了，我得到技术培训的机会就会更多些。要知道，那是很重要的。” “嗯……”父亲插嘴说，“你在大学里第一年学得不错，现在不是你离开学校的时候。” “爸爸，我大学一年级的成绩不很理想，我想我是赶不上其他同学的了。此外，我知道你多么不愿意背债（get into debt），要我成为你的负担，那么我永远不会觉得好受（feel right about）。” 听了这些，汤姆的父亲无言以对，但是他最终说了这么一句话：“我想也许你最好同你母亲谈一下。” As soon as Tom began his talk with his father, he wanted to gain his point directly. “I’ve made an important decision, Dad. I’m going into the services.” Tom’s father looked at him with an air of surprised disapproval. “Shouldn’t you get your degree first? You can always do your military service after …” “But Dad, I’ll be drafted this year anyway,” Tom interrupted
Unit 1 1. 他们都认为他成功的可能性很小。 They all believed that his chances of success were slim. 2. 我不知道她为何总带有一种闷闷不乐的神情。 I don’t know why she always has an air of sadness. 3. 等到所有同学都就座后，学生会主席才开始宣布野营的日程安排。After all students were seated, the president of the students’ union proceeded to announce the camping itinerary. 4. 胃是人体至关重要的器官，请善待之。 Please take good care of our stomach which is a vital organ of our human body. 5、他认为总经理如此重视那些日常琐事是荒唐的。 He considered it absurd for the general manager to attach so much importance to those routine trifles. 6. 她的研究涉及多种语言和文化，富有挑战性。 Her study was full of challenge, which was concerned with many languages and cultures. 7. 根据安排，全体工作人员依次值晚班。 As is scheduled, all staff should take turns to do late duty. 8. 想到要远离父母独自生活，她深感不安。 She felt upset at the thought of leaving her parents and having an independent living in a remote area.
《全新版大学英语阅读教程》 (通用本课后练习答案) 第二册 UNIT ONE The Pleasure of Learning Key to the Exercises I. 1. C 2. A 3. C 4. B 5. B II. 1. F 2. T 3. T 4. T. 5. F. 6. T III. 1.对于太多的人来说,学习似乎是自己的意愿屈服于外界的指引,是一种奴役. 2.然而,只要幸运,有决心,指导得法,人的精神不仅经得起贫穷而且经得起富裕的考验. 3.对一个人来说,形成完整和协调的人格与保持自身的卫生,健康以及经济上的自立是同样必要的,那些从来没有认识到这一点的人已经吃尽苦头. IV. 1. First of all , the writer points out that there is a mistake about learning. Some young people dislike learning simply because they are educated in the wrong way. Learning is a natural pleasure that should be enjoyed. Then he develops this idea by examples to illustrate the different aspects: learning from books, by travel and trough practice. Learning can expand one’s knowledge over a period of time. 2. The chief danger of learning is laziness, sloth, routine, stupidity. It sneaks into people’s mind like wind through the shutters, causing people to slowly give up learning. We should realize that learning is a life-long endeavor, and only by continuous learning can one gain a meaningful and rewarding life. Key to the reading—skill Exercises 1. Students have improved SAT scores. 2. Teenagers planned patrols 3. TV programs are less thorough than newspapers. 4. Welcome to Our City is about the South and its people 5. Some films show little children fascinated at the world. 6. One can communicate with the writer as one reads a book. with Santa Claus Key to the Exercises I . 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. C 6. B II. . 1. 朱莉让我们如此为难,我的确感到生气.难道圣诞老人不存在的事实不是从同学那里得知的吗 2.我给她讲述了事情的经过,尽量使它听起来滑稽有趣,希望她不要注意到我和杰里在处理我开始认为的"圣诞老人问题"上是如此拙劣. 3.我可以看出,他正努力在想一种办法,用来解释我们的行为,使其听起来不太像事实那样具有欺骗性,那样错误和愚蠢. 4.事情就这样结束了.对圣诞老人不存在的事实悲伤了片刻只后,生活又恢复了正常. III. 1. Santa Claus is an imaginary old man with a long white beard and a red coat.
1) The reason why little girl like Barbie very much is that she looks like real people and can be dressed up in a perfect way. 2) Man-made objects, though out-numbered by natural objects, play a more and more important role in people’s life. 3)The number of man-made object is increasing steeply, compared with the number of natural objects as well as its actual number. 4) The little girl of today would gladly use their old Barbie to exchange the new version of Barbie whereas their mother or grandmother would be reluctant to throw away their dolls until they fall-apart simply, because they are too old nothing could be more obvious than the difference between them. 5)The societies and people that are used to poverty reject the practice of using one product only for once or a short time and then replace it by a new one. 6) It is meaning that less for a man who is fairy old to say that he wants to develop a hobby in this or that form. 7)It is sensible that you further develop the hobby; you already have instead of trying to cultivate a new one. 8)Taking up a hobby and living a more regularized way of life are the most effective way to save them from their boredom. 9)The long hour’s work in the office or factory provides these people with the money so they can live their lives and gives them a strong desire for the simplest pleasure. 10)In fact, it is highly likely that those people who take their work as their pleasure are need to divert their effort from work from time to time urgently. 11)The ability to do the right thing at the right time is essential to a good leader. 12) A leader must be good at exercising his authority (this is a quality that a leader must have) and be able to demonstrate to the people that he does. 13) A leader should find out what the people want to do or have, and guide them to achieve it. 14) If we are not powerful, determined and brave, we can’t except to f ind a good leader, no matter how skilled we are in shopping images, we can’t make him to be what he is not, he is only a representative of all of us. 15) John Dewey has said seriously that the degree that someone’s behavior can influence the custom is the same as the degree that his body talk can influence his mother tongue. 16)The result from a serious study of the custom which is not influence by the outside shows that what Dewey said is just an objective description of the fact. 17) If we still think that our culture is superior to those of the people who we regard as uncivilized, underdeveloped or irreligious, the study anthropology must be meaningless. 18)W e must realized that all the beliefs are based on the same thing, the intangible and should be treated equally along with our own. 19)I believe that people in the society high above me are selfless, pure, noble and very intelligent. 20)But it is difficult for a man of the working class to improve his social status, especially when he was full of objectives and imaginations 21)It is physically strong, and they profited a lot by exploiting my strength, but I only lived a poor life. 22)He was no longer strong enough to make money by selling his strength and had nothing left to him, he had no other choice, but to slide down to the bottom of the society and die there in misery. 23) After 100 years, the black people is still suffering in the isolated part of American society, and he feels like an outcast in his own country. 24) We can see very clearly that as far as the black people are concerned, America didn’t fulfill its promise. 25) We are here to demand the fulfillment of the promises which can guarantee us our freedom and justice. 26)This is not the right time to calm down and adopt gradualism, waiting patiently for a solution.
新世纪大学英语阅读教程（2）参考答案 Unit One PartⅠ Reading for Information Exercises Ⅰ Reading for Information A.Reading to find main ideas 1.A, 2. C, B. Reading to find major details 3. D, 4. B, C. Reading to find relevant facts 5. C, 6. A Ⅱ.Translation Translate the following sentences into Chinese 1.有一百份卷子要批，而且全是男孩们用潦草的字迹写成的，这事他已经拖了好几个星期 了。这些日子，他一直觉得头上仿佛悬着把剑。 2.我私下里已经花了一大笔钱来学习音乐了。 3.他的脸上挂满了汗珠。 4.没有哪个宣布判决的法官会比此时的谢卡夫更痛苦、更无助。 5.说出事实和接受事实同样需要勇气。 Ⅲ. Summary https://www.doczj.com/doc/0012745359.html,plete the following statements with words and expressions from the box. Use their proper forms. 1.sun, straight in the face, blinking, dazed 2.morning, night, tempering truth, shock 3.truth, trials, wife, colleague, headmaster 4.apple pie, culinary masterpiece, good, swallow 5.fine, mean, selfish 6.singing, stupefied 7.frogs, buffalo, window shutters 8.strength, give, receive PartⅡ Reading for Pleasure Exercises Ⅰ. Answer the following questions. (The answers are open.) 1.Hell is not so terrible as most people think because it can be transformed into Heaven through hard work, courage, faith and love. The real Hell is in one’s heart. 2.Heaven is a land of beauty and peace, and it is the result of our hard work. 3.All those hardworking people with courage and determination can rest in Heaven after they die, because although they cannot all reach Heaven in the first place, they can build Hell into Heaven. 4.Those who are afraid of Hell and do not have courage to fight difficulties and disasters will end up in Hell.
《新编英语教程》（修订版）第三册 Unit 1[见教材P1] My First Job 我的第一份工作 Robert Best 罗伯特.贝斯特 ①While I was waiting to enter university, I saw ②Being very short of money and wanting to do something useful, I applied, fearing that my chances of landing the job were slim. ①那年，我考上了大学，还没有入校时，在本地一家报纸上看到一所学校发布广告，招聘一名教师。②这所学校位于伦敦郊区，距离我住的地方大约[有]十英里。③当时因为急需用钱，又想做些有意义的事情，于是我就提出了申请。④但是同时，我又担心，既没有学位又没有教学经验，所以获得这个职位的可能性非常小。 ①However, three days later a letter arrived, summoning me to Croydon for an interview. ②It proved an awkward journey: a train to Croydon station;a ten-minute bus ride and then a walk of at least a quarter of a mile. ③As a result I arrived on a hot June morning too depressed to feel nervous. ①然而，三天以后来信了，通知我到Croydon参加面试。②路很不好走，先坐火车到Croydon车站，再坐十分钟的公交车，最后步行至少0.25英里才到达目的地。③那可是六月天的上午，天气很热，我非常沮丧，也非常紧张，简直都崩溃了。 ①and ②The front garden was a gravel square;
Reference for Unit 6 workbook exercises Blank Filling A. 1.changed, promising https://www.doczj.com/doc/0012745359.html,ing, qualified 3.determined 4.spoken, leading, surprising 5.frightening 6.demanding 7.pleased, soiled https://www.doczj.com/doc/0012745359.html,plicated 9.interested, exciting, soaked 10.tiring, tired B. 1.giving 2.Fascinated, rising / rise 3.singing, to do, making
4.keeping, playing, to be, to see, climbing 5.opening 6.to take, shopping, doing, to do 7.to have remembered, to tell, preparing, to do 8.to watch, to read, reading, watching 9.missing, to tell 10.to be taken 11.swimming, cleaning, to do 12.waiting, seeing, missing, to find, to be C. 1.for 2.to 3.of 4.on 5.read 6.across 7.about / for 8.in 9.until / till 10.opinion 11.by 12.keep 13.excellent 14.time 15.pleasure 16.from 17.yourself 18.in 19.filled 20.trains
《全新版大学英语阅读教程》(通用本)1-2册课后练习答案 UNIT ONE 1.Goodbye school Key to the Exercises I 1. B 2. D 3. D 4 D 5. C 6. A II 1. fling 2. supercilious 3. zoom 4. trudge 5. hoist Key to the Reading-skill Exercises Paragraph 1: 1. B 2. D paragraph 2 1. D 2. A 2.The Saturday Evening Post Information Related to the Text Key to the Exercises I. 1. D 2. B 3. A 4. A 5. C 6. C II . 1. She wants him to make something of himself and have an early start to his career . 2. He was afraid of the dogs that snarled behind the doors of potential buyers . He was timid about ringing the doorbells of strangers , relieved when no one came to the door , and scared when someone did , and could not deliver an engaging sales pitch . 3. The battle to make him different from his father . 4. The well-written composition he wrote about his summer vacation . 5. Writers didn't have to have any gumption at all . 3. Love The Neighbor Key to the Exercises I . 1. T 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T 6. F II. 1.在我看来,美国的邻里关系正在变得不再融洽. 2.《圣经》里的戒律"热爱你的邻居"大概是一句拙劣的译文,它的本义必定是"尊敬你的邻居." 3.邻居开始共同做的唯一的一件事是相互接近,只有进一步发展关系,才有足够的理由成为最 好的朋友. 4.横跨在你们之间的车道,篱笆或栅栏并不真地就是一道冷漠的屏障,它们只不过是一条清晰 的分界线. 5.邻里较之社区更容易使人产生怀旧情绪,但社区也许是一个更好的构成单位. UNIT TWO 4.Making Friends in American Culture Key to the Exercises I. 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. D 5. C 6. D II. 1. Because there is a language barrier , many Chinese are hesitant to speak with strangers and they don't know what to talk to American about or how to keep the conversation moving . 2. His class and major . 3. These questions help people participate in the conversation . 4. When the other person first gives his name himself . 5. Communication . Key to the reading-skill Exercises Paragraph 1 : 1. C 2. A
卷A Genetically modified foods (or GM foods) are foods derived from genetically modified organisms. Genetically modified organisms have had specific changes introduced into their DNA by genetic engineering techniques. GM foods were first put on the market in the early 1990s. Typically, genetically modified foods are transgenic plant products: soybean, corn, canola, and cotton seed oil. Animal products have also been developed, although as of July 2010 none are currently on the market. Critics have objected to GM foods on several grounds, including safety issues, ecological concerns, and economic concerns. However, genetically-modified foods are here to stay. That’s not to say that food produced by conventional agriculture will disappear, but simply that food-buying patterns will polarize (两极分化): there will be a right market for conventional food just as there is for organic food. It may even be that GM food will become the food of preference because consumers come to appreciate the health benefits of reduced pesticide use. The reason GM food will not go away is that we need a three-fold increase in food production by the year 2050 to keep pace with the world’s predicted population growth to ten or eleven billion. It’s not just a quest ion of more mouths to feed either. What is often forgotten is that all these extra people will take up space, reducing the overall land available for agriculture. "Genetic modification is analogous to nuclear power: nobody loves it, but climate change has made its adoption imperative," says economist Paul Collier of Oxford University. "Declining genetic modification makes a complicated issue more complex. Genetic modification offers both faster crop adaptation and a biological, rather than chemical, approach to yield increases." The world has 800 million hungry people. Until now, food supplies have been increased by improved varieties, pesticides and artificial fertilizers: the green revolution. Now we’re on the edge of a new revolu tion: a genetic one. It may well be that in the long term it is the developing world that benefits most from GM foods. It’s true that for the next ten years or so GM crops may be too expensive. But the lesson of personal computers is applicable here — once the technology has been developed for profitable crops, it will spread and become affordable for all. This doesn’t mean, unfortunately, that famines will disappear, but severity and duration will be helped by an improved ability to produce and distribute food. 31. The introduction of GM food will affect _____. A) food-pricing standard B) food-buying patterns C) food-supplies scale D) food-production efficiency 正确答案：B 32 Consumers prefer GM food to conventional food because _____. A) GM food receives less pesticide application B) GM food is more nutritious than organic food C) GM food is cheaper than conventional food D) Conventional food is free from chemicals 正确答案：A 33. If the world population grows to ten or eleven billion by the year 2050, _____. A) a genetic revolution will take over the green revolution B) the overall land available for agriculture will run out C) the number of hungry people will rise to 800 million D) food production should be increased to three times that of today 正确答案：D
练习册第二单元参考答案 Text 1 A. True (T) or False (F)? 1. Simone drank some champagne with her bridesmaids to overcome her nervousness before the wedding. F Simone didn’t feel nervous at all. On the contrary, when drinking champagne, she thought about all that had gone into getting to the wedding day. 2. Simone regarded her wedding as the most important occasion in her life. T 3.Simone’s father loved her so much that he was willing to spend as much money as he could. F Maybe Simone’s father was willing to spend mon ey for her, but it seemed that he could not afford what his daughter had spent for her wedding. 4. Alice had succeeded in teaching Simone to be a reasonable and responsible consumer. F It was true that Alice always told Simone to be financially responsible, but she failed to make her a reasonable and responsible consumer, especially when she was preparing for her wedding. 5. Simone didn’t follow Alice’s advice because Simone thought all the money she spent belonged to her father. T 6. Alice called to ask Simone about her future plan because she wanted to humiliate her. F Alice called to ask Simone about her future plan because she wanted to remind her of her financial problem after the wedding. 7. Simone lost control of her emotions later because Alice sent a letter to inform her that she had divorced her father. F Simone lost control of her emotions later because Alice sent a letter to inform her that the wedding had been cancelled. Since her father’s company had already gone bankrupt, her father couldn’t pa y her wedding expenditure. 8. Since Tom decided not to marry Simone after knowing the facts, the wedding was cancelled. T B. Explain the following in your own words. 1. … Simone could not help but think about all that had gone into getting to today. could not stop from thinking about.
Unit 1 恰到好处 Have you ever watched a clumsy man hammering a nail into a box? He hits it first to one side, then to another, perhaps knocking it over completely, so that in the end he only gets half of it into the wood. A skillful carpenter, on the other hand, will drive the nail with a few firm, deft blows, hitting it each time squarely on the head. So with language; the good craftsman will choose words that drive home his point firmly and exactly. A word that is more or less right, a loose phrase, an ambiguous expression, a vague adjective （模糊的形容词）, will not satisfy a writer who aims at clean English. He will try always to get the word that is completely right for his purpose. 你见过一个笨手笨脚的男人往箱子上钉钉子吗？只见他左敲敲，右敲敲，说不准还会将整个钉子锤翻，结果敲来敲去到头来只敲进了半截。而娴熟的木匠就不这么干。他每敲一下都会坚实巧妙地正对着钉头落下去，一钉到底。语言也是如此。一位优秀的艺术家谴词造句上力求准确而有力地表达自己的观点。差不多的词，不准确的短语，摸棱两可的表达，含糊不清的修饰，都无法使一位追求纯真英语的作家满意。他会一直思考，直至找到那个能准确表达他的意思的词。 The French have an apt（贴切的） phrase for this. They speak of “le mot juste,” (the exact word) the word that is just right. Stories are told of scrupulous（一丝不苟的） writers, like Flaubert, who spent days trying to get one or two sentences exactly right. Words are many and various; they are subtle（微妙的） and delicate（细腻的） in their different shades（色调）of meaning, and it is not easy to find the ones that express precisely（正是，恰恰） what we want to say. It is not only a matter of having a good command of language and a fairly wide vocabulary; it is also necessary to think hard and to observe accurately. Choosing words is part of the process of realization, of defining our thoughts and feelings for ourselves, as well as for those who hear or read our words. Someone once remarked: “How can I know what I think till I see what I say?” this sounds stupid, but there is a great deal of truth in it. 法国人有一个很贴切的短语来表达这样一个意思，即“le mot juste”, 恰到好处的词。有很多关于精益求精的作家的名人轶事，比如福楼拜常花几天的时间力求使一两个句子在表达上准确无误。在浩瀚的词海中，词与词之间有着微妙的区别，要找到能恰如其分表达我们意思的词绝非易事。这不仅仅是扎实的语言功底和相当大的词汇量的问题，还需要人们绞尽脑汁，要观察敏锐。选词是认识过程的一个步骤，也是详细描述我们的思想感情并表达出来使自己以及听众和读者深刻理解的一个环节。有人说：“在我思想未成文之前，我怎么知道自己的想法？”这听起来似乎很离谱，但它确实很有道理。 It is hard work choosing the right words, but we shall be rewarded by the satisfaction that finding them brings. The exact use of language gives us mastery（掌握） over the material we are dealing with. Perhaps you have been asked “What sort of a man is so-and-so（某某等）?” You begin: “Oh, I think he’s quite a nice chap （家伙）but he’s rather…” and then you hesitate trying to find a word or phrase to express what it is about him that