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上海英语牛津版6A单元词汇句型归纳

上海英语牛津版6A单元词汇句型归纳
上海英语牛津版6A单元词汇句型归纳

牛津版6A

Unit1

I. Words and phrases

1. family tree 家谱

Family members家庭成员:

1)表示和自己有直系血缘关系的:

Father(父亲,爸爸)mother ( 母亲,妈妈) sister (姐姐,妹妹) brother (哥哥,弟弟)等

以上称谓对于我来说都是家人,即my family members

2) 表示和自己有或无血缘关系得:

Grandfather(祖父,外祖父) grandmother(祖母,外祖母),grandson(孙子,外孙) granddaughter (孙女外孙女),uncle(叔叔,舅舅),aunt(姨父,姑父阿姨,姑妈,婶婶),cousin(堂表兄,堂表第,堂表姐堂表妹)

批注:注意让学生运用家庭成员之间的关系造句。

2. able (adj.)能的

ability (n.)能力;enable (v.)使......能够

拓展:be able to do sth有能力做某事

3. show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.给某人看某物

e.g. Please show me your ID card。

= Please show your ID card to me.请出示你的身份证。

4. relative n. 亲戚

e.g. I have a lot of relatives in Nanjing. 我在南京有很多亲戚

5. tell sb. about sth. 告诉某人关于某事

e.g. He tells me something about the accident. 他告诉了我关于那场交通事故的一些事情。

6. wash the dishes 洗盘子

e.g. Please wash the dishes after you finish your supper. 吃完晚饭请记得洗盘子。

拓展:dish除了有盘子的意思还可以表示菜肴。

7. else adv. 另外,其他的

e.g. What else do you want? 你还需要什么吗?

拓展:else一般放于特殊疑问词和不定代词(anything,somebody等)之后。II.Important Sentences structures

1. This is ... /These are...来介绍家人

e. g. This is a photo of my family. 这是我的全家福。

2. How many......have you got?你有多少......?

how many 来询问数量,后接可数名词的复数形式

e. g. How many brothers and sisters do you have? 你有多少个兄弟姐妹?

批注:注意how much 和how many 的区别。

3. 职业问法

1) What are you?

2) What is your job?

3) What do you do?

4) What job do you do?

4. look(连系动词)+ adj. “看起来……”

e.g. Jim looks happy today.

拓展:其他联系动词还包括sound, taste, smell, feel等

5. 频度副词:always, usually, often, sometimes, never等被称为频度副词,通常情况下常用于一般现在时态的句子中,表示经常发生的习惯性动作或自然现象或事实。always表示动作的重复频率最高,usually其次,sometimes再次,never表示动作从未发生。

always>usually>often>sometimes>seldom>never

e. g. I often tell him about school.我经常告诉他关于学校的事。

I never show them my homework.我从未给他们看我的家庭作业。

Unit2

I. Words and phrases

1. friend (n.)朋友

He is my good friend.他是我的好朋友。

拓展:friendly (adj.)友好的

be friendly to 对……友好

2. love (n.& v.)爱

e.g. My parents love me. (v.)

My parents? love is great. (n.)

拓展:lovely (adj.)可爱的

She is a lovely girl.她是一个可爱的女孩

3. helpful (adj.)乐于助人的;

反义词:helpless (adj.)无助的

拓展:

help (v./n.)帮助

help each other相互帮助

help sb. with sth.帮助某人某事

help sb. (to) do sth.帮助某人做某事

4. look after sb. = take care of sb.照顾某人

look after sb. well = take good care of sb.好好照顾某人

5. find (v.)找到(不经意找到)

注意区分:find out找到(经过努力找到);look for寻找(不知道结果)

6. something pron.某事;某物

e. g. -Are you looking for me? 你在找我吗?

-Yes, I have something to ask you.是的,我想问你点儿事。

【友情提示】在英语中,如果需要用形容词修饰something、somebody和someone这些词时,形容词只能放在这些词后面,如something interesting 或somebody boring。

批注:让学生学会在形容词修饰不定代词的时候要放在不定代词的后面,如:something nice, something wrong.

7. make friends with sb.与某人交朋友

e. g. She is a nice girl. I want to make friends with her. 她是一个不错的姑娘,我想和她成为朋友。

8. around (prep.)围绕,绕着

拓展:round (prep./adj)围绕,绕着/圆的

例如,They are sitting around the teacher. 他们坐在老师周围。

The green ball is almost round.这个绿球几乎是圆的。

9. be far away from……远离……

(opp.)be near…..在……附近

批注:注意让学生在具体句子中辨别。

10. visit (v.)参观----visitor (n.)参观者

11. lie (v.)躺---- (pt.) lay,----(pp.) lain --- (pres p) lying

批注:lay 本身还有产蛋的意思,注意让学生留心。

12. forget v. (过去式forgot,过去分词forgotten,现在分词forgetting)忘记

e. g. -I'm sorry I've forgotten your name.很抱歉,我忘了你的名字。

-I'm John. We met on the first day of school.我叫约翰,我们在开学第一天见过面。

批注:forget to do sth.与forget doing sth.

前者表示……忘记去做某事”,而后者表示“忘记做过某事”的意思。

e. g. She forgot to post the letter.她忘记寄这封信了。

I'll never forget meeting my school headmaster for the first time.我永远忘不了和我校长初次见面的情景。

13. fish (n.)

鱼肉[UN]

鱼(各种种类)[CN]其复数为:fishes

例如,Help yourself to some fish.

Workers drive fish to the supermarket every morning.工人每天早上把鱼送到超市。

There are different fishes in the sea.在海里有不同种类的鱼。

14. start/finish work开始/结束工作

例如,

I start work at half past seven in the morning and finish work at eight o?clock in the evening. start to do sth.=start doing sth.开始做某事

finish doing sth.结束做某

15. too much + n.[u]太多的……

例如,

too much time

much too + adj.太……

例如,much too cold太冷了

批注:注意区分too much 和too many。

16. arrive (vi.)到达

拓展:arrive at(小地方) = get to = reach

arrive at school到达学校

arrive in(大地方) = get to = reach 例如:arrive in Shanghai到达上海

注意:arrive home/get home到家

arrival (n.)到达

17. listen to听(强调听的动作)

注意:hear听(强调听的结果)

I listened to the teacher carefully, but I couldn?t hear anything.

II. Important sentences

1. have been to......和have been there的区别

have been to后跟表示地点的名词,而have been there中there是表示地点的副词,后面不能再跟地点。例如,

e. g. I have already been to Shanghai Museum.我已经去过上海博物馆。

Orient Pearl TV Tower is one of the tallest towers in the world. I have already been there.东方明珠电视塔是世界上最高的塔之一。我已经去过那里。

2. get there到达那里

注意:home, here, there等地点副词前不加to,例如,

arrive home到家,arrive at school到学校,come here到这里,come to my office到我办公室

3. would (not) like to be/do表达愿望,表示(不)想做某事。(相当于want to be/do,是较为婉转的表示法.)

I would缩写为I'd;would not缩写为wouldn't,例如,

e. g. I would like to have coffee.我想要喝咖啡。

I would like fish.我想要鱼。

---- Would you like to be a driver?你想成为一名司机吗?

----Yes, I would./ No, I wouldn't.是的,我想。/不,我不想。

注意:like用作动词时翻译为“喜欢”,其用法是

●like to do sth.

●like doing sth.

●like sth.

例如,He likes to draw. / He likes drawing.他喜欢画画。

4. 表示顺序的数词称为序数词;在哪一栋楼和房间的门牌号用基数词,在哪一层楼用序数词,例如,

room1002,on the second floor

注意:

?一般在基数词后面加-th构成序数词,但有些词有特殊变化,例如,

one → first, two → second, three →third, five→ fifth, eight → eighth, nine → ninth, twelve →twelfth

20至90这样的整十数字变为序数词时,只需把词尾的字母y改为ie, 再加th即可,例如,twenty →twentieth;在表达第几十几,第几百几时,只需将个位改为序数词即可,例如,twenty-two → twenty-second

?序数词总是和定冠词the连用。例如,

the first lesson

Unit 3

I. Words and words phrases

1 . spend v. 度过(spend --- spent – spent)

e. g:They want to spend their summer holiday in the countryside.

他们想去乡下过暑假。

【知识拓展】spend v. 花费(时间,金钱)

批注:可扩展讲spend on sth, spend doing sth

2. lucky adj. 好运的;幸运的

e. g: a lucky dog 幸运儿

【知识拓展】luck n. 运气eg: Good luck! 祝你好运!

批注:可给学生提下unlucky不幸,un-是否定前缀,并举例unhappy ,unlike, unfit, unfair, unusual等

3. activity n. 活动

e. g: Our school offers a lot of interesting activities to us.

【知识拓展】active adj. 活跃的;积极的

e. g: Mary is always active in the party

4. collect v. 收集

collect shells/ stamps 收集贝壳/邮票

【知识拓展】collection n. 收藏品,收集物

e. g: The collection of these stamps took ten years.

批注:-tion是名词后缀,invitation, invention, information等

5. plan v. 计划

plan to do sth 计划做某事eg: I plan to go to see a movie tonight.

【拓展】plan n. 计划;方案eg: What's your plan for the weekend? 你打算如何过周末?

II. Important Sentences structures

1. Is Sandy Bay near or far away from Spring Bay?

注意:①本句为选择疑问句,注意or的用法

②在near 后直接跟地点,而在用far away from时,地点前不能遗漏介词from.

far away from 也可用far from 来表达。

如:Sandy Bay is far from Spring Bay.

2. 区别:have/has been to表示“曾到过某地”,现在人已回来;

have/has gone to表示“已去某地”,目前人还没回来。

【比较】He has been to the teachers? office.他去过老师办公室了。(目前人已经回来) He has gon e to the teachers? office.他已去老师办公室了。(目前人还在老师办公室)

3. 我们用“am/is/are going to+动词原形”的结构表示“对将来的愿望、意图或计划”,或表示“可以预见即将发生的某事”。如:

It is going to rain.天就要下雨了。

They are going to visit their grandparents tomorrow.他们打算明天去看望祖父母。

I?m going to write a letter to my elder sister.我想给姐姐写封信。

4. How about …..?怎么样?表示建议,提议

How about + n / doing = What about….?

5. 时间介词on, in , at

on 具体某一天

on Tuesday morning

on a cold morning

on Sunday

on 10 March 2008

in 年份,季节, 月份,上午下午晚上

in 1949

in spring / summer / autumn / winter

in January / February / September

in the morning / afternoon / evening

at 某一点

at noon

at night = in the evening

at four o?clock

at weekends = at the weekend

6. a photo of + 人称代词宾格某人的照片

a photo of + 名词性物主代词属于某人的照片

Unit4

I. Words

1. secretary n 秘书

【知识拓展】secret n 秘密keep a secret

2. bank n 银行

【知识拓展】banker 银行家

a bank account 银行账户 a blood band 血库 a data bank 数字库

批注:bank 还有河岸的意思: river bank

e. g. Can you jump over to the opposite bank?

My house is the south bank of the river.

3. policewoman n 女警察

【知识拓展】复数:policewomen 【反义】policeman

--What?s your mother?

--She is a policewoman

同类单词:fishman Frenchman(woman) Englishman(woman)

4. postman n 邮递员

【近义】mailman

【知识拓展】post v 邮递邮寄postal adj. 邮政的the post station 邮电局

5. fireman n 消防队员

【近义】firefighter

【知识拓展】firewood 木柴firework 烟火fireproof wall 防火墙firecracker 鞭炮

6. pilot n 飞行员

Why don?t you like to be a pilot?

【知识拓展】v 驾驶Uncle Tom piloted the ship through the Panama.

试用School in this area are piloting the new maths course.

批注:教师在讲完这个单词后,所以本单元表职业的单词基本讲完。那么老师可以和学生一起回顾尽可能多的表职业的单词。以便巩固。

7. interview 面试n\v

【知识拓展】interviewee 面试者interviewer 面试官

【指点迷津】v 采访面试Mary is interviewing the Prime Minister of Britain .

I don?t want to interview the star.He is never kind to others.

n 面试面谈Jackie is going to give an interview this Sunday.

批注:注意interview发元音

8. make 使...,让...

【知识拓展】make sb do sth make me do homework 让我做作业

make the city a safe place 使这个城市成为安全的地方

批注:类似的有let sb do sth had better do sth would you please do sth 等。教师也可以根据学生的程度拓展make的被动语态的知识点sb be made to do sth

9. person

【知识拓展】与people的其区别

person 表示单数people 表示复数

我们常说的人们就用people来表达

批注:名词中的复数为原形的单词有:sheep deer fish Chinese Japanese 永远为复数的单词有:police people the young the old 等

10. finish 完成... finished finished

【知识拓展】finish doing sth 完成某事

例句:He finished doing homework ten minutes ago. 他十分钟之前就完成了作业。

1.enjoy doing sth 喜欢做某事

2.like doing sth 喜欢做某事

3.have fun doing sth 玩得开心

4.practice doing sth 练习做某事

5.spend doing sth 花费时间做某事(主语是人)

6.keep doing sth 保持一直做某事

7.how about doing sth 做某事怎么样(表建议)

8.what about doing sth 做某事怎么样(表建议)

9.have a difficulty doing sth 做某事有困难

10.have a good time doing sth 玩得开心(大多数have +名词就再加动词ing)

11.feel like doing sth 想要做某事

12.c an?t help doing sth禁不住做某事

13.start doing sth 开始做某事(to do也可,常考doing)

14.go on doing sth 继续做某事

15.mind doing sth 介意做某事

16.finish doing sth 完成做某事

17.be busy doing sth 忙于做某事

18.see/hear sb. doing 看到/听到某人正在做某事(常出现when引导的状语从句)

11.find out v 找到发现、查明

批注:区分look for find find out discover的用法

◆look for意为“寻找”,强调找的动作,是延续性动词

◆find意为“找到、发现、感到”,强调找的结果,是非延续性动词

◆find out意为“查明、发现、了解”,指经过认真观察、调查或研究把某事、某物查出来、搞清楚,多用于复杂而不容易直接查出的情况

◆discover意为“发现、发觉”,指发现某种情况或发现早已存在而未为人知的东西,如句6。

12.put out v 扑灭

【知识拓展】1.Far water does not put out near fire.

[谚]远水救不了近火。

2. The fire was put out soon.

火很快就被熄灭了。

II. Important Sentences structures

1. Would you like to be a/an ___?

Yes, I would. No, I wouldn't

批注:

(1)这里千万让孩子主要a\an 的选择。

(2)would like to do = want to do 想要...

I'd like to = I would like to 区别like doing sth \like to do sth

e. g. I would like to drink some juice. 我想要喝一点果汁。

2. I'd like to be a/an ___________because I ...

I wouldn't like to be a/an _____because I ...

3. .时间的表达方法

【指点迷津】1)整点

at 6:00 p.m. 注意:介词用at

2)表示超过的时间:past

half past six 六点半fifteen past eight 八点十五分

3)表示缺少的时间:to

two to five 四点五十八分twenty to eight 七点四十分

4)直接按照数字读

八点五十五eight fifty-five 十点二十五分ten twenty-five

5)十五分钟除了可以说成fifteen minutes 还可以称为a quarter

Unit5

I. Words

1.programme n 活动安排

e. g:What is your programme for tomorrow?

2. notice board n 布告栏

e. g:The latest news is put on the noticeboard.

批注:notice用法

(1)notice作名词,意为"通知,预告,警告",是不可数名词。如:

The hotel is closed until further notice. 宾馆现已停业,开业时间另行通知。

These rules can't be changed without notice. 这些规则不预先通知不

(2)notice作动词,意为"注意到,留心,看到"。常用于notice sb. do sth.; notice sb. doing sth 结构中。

Didn't you notice? He has dyed his hair. 你没注意?他染了头发。

He was too proud to notice me. 他太傲慢了,理都不理我。

Did you notice his hand shaking? 你有没有注意到他的手在抖?

Did you notice Jack come in? 你注意到杰克进来了吗?

3.entrance n 入口处

【知识拓展】enter v进入

entrance examnation 入学考试enter for 报名参加

Alice is waiting for you at the entrance

4. choir n 合唱团

【知识拓展】choirboy 唱诗班班的男童歌手choir school 唱诗班学校

5. parent n 父亲或母亲

【知识拓展】parentage 家世出声

A person of unknown parentage 家世不明的人

Parent company 总公司

6.arrive v 到达

e. g:Good weather has arrived at last.

【同义】arrive at \in get to reach

批注:arrive 和get 都是不及物动词,后接地点必须加介词。而reach是及物动词,后接地点不需要介词

e. g. She has arrived in Shanghai

She has reached Shanghai

She has got to Shanghai

7. project n 习作项目

e. g: look at our class project

Her projects are showing on in the museum

8. first then finally

【知识拓展】finally adv final adj

at first 首先

first of all 第一,首先

9. invitation n 请帖

【知识拓展】v invite

e. g. He was invited to Mary?s party yesterday.

Jim sent me an invitation to his party.

批注:invite 的名词很多孩子都会写出invitation 而且也容易跟invention混淆。老师要特别的强调。

10.classroom n 教室

【知识拓展】There are eight students in the classroom.

Don?t play football in the classroom.

【记忆链接】class-feeling 阶级意识

Classmate 同班同学

批注:room组成的单词记:waiting-room reading-room bedroom sitting-room休息室dining-room 用餐室等

11. craft n 工艺

【知识拓展】craftman 匠人aircraft 飞船crafty adj 诡计多端的

用作名词(n.) 工艺;手艺;狡诈;船舶;航空器;行会成员

He graduated from a school of crafts and arts.

他毕业于一所工艺美术学校。

He learned his craft from an old master.

他从一位老匠人那儿学得他的手艺。

By crafts the gambler tricked them out of all their money.

那个赌徒用诡计赢去了他们所有的钱。

Hundreds of small craft accompany the liner into harbour.

数百只小艇随同这艘班轮驶入港湾。

The astronauts piloted their craft down to the lunar surface.

宇航员驾驶宇宙飞船在月球表面降落。

We must fight for our honorable craft.

我们必须为行会的荣誉而奋斗。

用作及物动词(vt.) 手工制作;精心制作

He told us a carefully crafted story.

他给我们讲了一个精心编织的故

批注:craft作“小船”“飞机”解时,其复数形式不变。

12.club n 俱乐部

【知识拓展】Football club 足球俱乐部night club 夜总会

13. ground n 地面

【知识拓展】You shouldn?t sit on the ground when it?s wet.

【记忆链接】playground 操场underground 地铁

II. Important Sentences structures

1. Boys and girls, I want you to welcome the parents in different places.

批注:want sb to do sth 想要某人做某事。

want sb not to do sth

类似的有(老师可以适当的罗列一些)

tell sb (not) to do sth

ask sb (not) to do sth

wish sb (not) to do sth

hope to do sth

would like sb(not) to do sth

2. I will be in classroom 6A. It’s on the second floor.

注表示在。。。。(楼层)时,应使用介词on.

【知识拓展】介词

1. They are planning the programme for their Open Day. for

2. Your parents will arrive at two o?clock.At

3. Please look at our class projects

4. Do you want to listen to the school choir?

5.They?ll have tea and cakes with the teacher

3. 副词first, next, then, after that, finally,

这些副词用来叙述做事情的先后顺序。

Unit6

I. Words

1. travel v./ n. 行走,旅行

e. g. The girl is traveling in the Europe. 那个女孩欧洲旅行。

I want another travel to Beijing. 我想再次出游北京。

【知识拓展】traveler n.游者,游客go travelling 去旅游

2. ferry n. (1)渡船(2)渡口v.(用船或飞机等)运送(货物)(通常指短程的或定期的)

e.g. I like to go to work by ferry. 我喜欢乘船上班。

【知识拓展】by ferry 乘船

3. advertisement n. 广告

e. g. There are many advertisements around us . 我们周围有很多的广告。

【知识拓展】advertise v. 通知,为……做广告advertising n. 广告业广告

4. board n. 栏;板

【知识拓展】aboard adv. 在飞机上;在船上;在火车上abroad adv. 在国外,到国外

e.g. The board on the floor is mine. 地板上的板子是我的。

5. few a. 几乎没有,修饰可数名词复数

【知识拓展】a few 一些,用于修饰可数名词复数

e.g. There few apples in the basket . 篮子里几乎没有苹果。

II. Important Sentences structures

1. He goes to school by bus. 他乘公共汽车去上学。

go to school意为“上学”,例如:

Tom goes to school with his good friends every day. 汤姆每天和他的好朋友们一起去上学。We go to school five days a week.我们一星期上五天学。

批注:某些表示学校、医院、班级等具体事物的名词前不用冠词表示相关的行为,使用冠词则表示具体地点。

例如:He sat down at table. 他坐下吃饭。

He sat down at the table. 他坐到桌子旁.

句中的by是介词,用来表示搭乘交通工具的方式,手段,名词前不加冠词,

例如:by bicycle骑自行车by bus乘公共汽车by car乘小汽车by taxi坐出租车

下面介绍by的几种用法:

(1)表示搭乘交通工具:by train(乘火车);by taxi(乘出租车),例如:

We can go to Beijing by plane. 我们可以乘飞机去北京.

(2)表示传达,传递的方式:by letter(用信件);by radio(用无线电),例如:

I like to listen to music by radio. 我喜欢用无线电听音乐。

(3)by+动名词:表示依靠……为生。例如:

I get my living by teaching English.我以教英文为生。

(4)“最迟在……之前”,“到……时候为止”,例如:

I will come back by six o?clock. 我将在六点以前回来。

(5)表示动态的位置,解释为“经过”。例如:

I go by his office every day. 我每天从他的办公室旁经过。

2. It takes him about ten minutes. 他大约要花十分钟。

It takes sb some time to do sth意为“某人花了多长时间做某事”。例如:

It takes me an hour to do my homework. 我花了一小时做作业。

It took him three days to decorate his flat. 他花了三天装饰他的房子。

下面这个句型中,对时间提问用how long。例如:

-How long did it take you to do the cleaning?你花了多长时间打扫卫生?

-It took me two hours to do the cleaning. 我花了两小时打扫卫生。

要表达相同的意思,我们还可以说:sb spend…(in) doing sth

批注:take是以it为主语的,而spend是以人作主语的。

e.g.It took Mary half an hour to cook. =Mary spent half an hour in cooking. 玛丽花了半小时时间做饭

3. Draw the things you see on your way to school. 把你在上学路上所看到的东西画下来。

on one’s way (to)意为“在某人去某地的路上”。例如:

on my way to the park在我去公园的路上on her way to the factory在她去工厂的路上

on his way to the cinema在他去电影院的路上

批注:在这类短语中,如果由副词here, home, there等来表示地点,则不用介词to。例如:on my way home在我回家的路上on her way there在她去那的路上

4. How long does it take you to get to the supermarket? 你到达超市花多长时间?

get to意为“到达”,要表达相同的意思我们还可以用reach和arrive in/at。例如:

My father will get to Canada at two tomorrow afternoon.

=My father will reach Canada at two tomorrow afternoon.

= My father will arrive in Canada at two tomorrow afternoon. 我爸爸明天下午两点到加拿大。批注:arrive in后面一般接大的地方,比如Beijing, Canada, London等,而arrive at后面一般接小的地方,比如school, cinema, village等。reach 是及物动词‘到达……’, reach=arrive in/at =get to

Unit7

I. Words

1. rule n. (1)规则;习惯;统治,管理v.统治;支配,操纵

e. g. We should always obey the rule . 我们应当时刻遵守纪律。

It?s difficult to rule a class. 管理班级是很难的。

【知识拓展】ruler n. 统治者;尺子

2. enter v. 进入

e. g. Let?s enter the supermarket to buy something . 让我们去超市买点东西。

【知识拓展】entrance n. 入口

3. loudly adv.大声地

e. g. What happened? The people there are talking loudly.

怎么了?那边人说话那么大声。

【反义】quietly ad. 安静地

【知识拓展】loud a. 大声的

批注:形容词变成副词的方式: 加后缀-ly

4. mean v表示…….的意思;意味,包含;打算,意欲

e.g. What do you mean by saying that? 你说那个是什么意思?

【知识拓展】meaning n. 意思,意义;含义

批注:另外一种动词变名词的方式,加后缀-ing

5. exit n出口;离开,退场v. 离去,退场

e. g. I don?t want to exit .我不想离开。

It?s the sign of exit in the supermarket .那是超市里触控的标示。

【反义】exit为名词时反义词为entrance入口exit为动词时反义词为enter进入

6. centre n. 中心;中央

e. g. They live in the centre of the town.他们住在市中心。

【知识拓展】central adj. 中心的;中央的in the center of…在……的中心

7. upstairs adv. 在楼上;往楼上

e. g. The boy lives upstairs . 那个男孩住在楼上

【反义】downstairs ad. 在楼下;往楼下

【知识拓展】go upstairs/ downstairs 上/下楼

8. middle n. 中间,中央adj. 中间的,居中的

e. g. I want the toy in the middle .我想要中间那个娃娃。

【知识拓展】in the middle 在……的当中

II. Important Sentences structures

1. Do you know?你(们)知道吗?

Do you know?用来询问某人是否知道某事,例如:

Whose bag is it? Do you know?你知道这是谁的书包吗?

Do you know how I can get to police station?你知道怎样去警察局吗?

2. We must not pick the flowers. 我们不可以摘花。

pick the flowers意为“摘花”,例如:

Little boy picked some flowers for his mother. 小男孩为他妈妈摘了一些花。

She likes flowers very much, but she never picks the flowers. 她非常喜欢花,但是她从来不摘花。

【辨析】pick与pick up

你能分辨下面两句句子中,pick和pick up的意思吗?

Don't pick the flowers in the park./Please pick the flowers up and put them in the basket.

前一句中,pick flowers表示“采花”、“摘花”,而后一句中的pick the flowers up表示“把这些花捡起来”。

must为情态动词,意为“必须”,其否定形式为must not,缩略形式为mustn't,意为“不可以”。must多表示依谈话人或听话人而定的义务,但仅表现在或将来的义务。例如:It's late, I must go home. 天晚了,我必须回家。

You must finish your homework on time. 你必须按时完成作业。

You mustn't go to swim in the river. It's too dangerous. 你不可以去河里游泳,那很危险。

You mustn't smoke in the museum. 不可以在博物馆里吸烟。

3. What does this sign mean?这个标志什么意思?

sign在这里意为“牌子,指示牌”用来传达信息,如traffic sign“交通标志”(用来表示速度限制,有弯路,左拐、右拐等的标志)

mean意为“表示……的意思”,在这里作为动词使用。在英语交谈中出现的频率很高。例如:

I mean you can come to my home tomorrow. 我的意思是你明天可以到我家来。

You mean that Mary makes a mistake. 你的意思是玛丽犯了错.

4. Where must we leave our bicycles? 我们必须把自行车放在哪儿?

leave意思是“让某物留在某地”,例如:

Don't leave the dog in the room! 不要把狗留在屋里!

My brother often leaves his umbrella on the school bus. 我弟弟经常把雨伞落在校车上。

5. Which class rules are the students breaking?学生们违反了哪些班级规则?

class rules意为“班级规则”,例如:

What are your class rules?你们班级规则是什么?

批注:break意为“违反”,指不依从或不服从某事物,不遵守法律,诺言等,例如:break the law违反法律,break the rules违反规则,break a promise违反诺言,break an appointment失约(未能赴约)等。

He was breaking the speed limit. 他违章超速行驶。

Kitty breaks an appointment because of heavy rain. 因为大雨,凯蒂失约了。

6. Keep quiet!保持安静!

这是一句简单的祈使句,用来要求,命令某人做某事。“keep+形容词”表示让某人/物处在某种状态,例如:Keep still!静止不动!

quiet为形容词“安静的”。这里要特别注意quiet和quite(很,非常)在拼写上的区别,不要搞混,例如:

When I get to the clas sroom, it?s very quiet. 当我到教室的时候,很安静。

Tom and Jim are quite different. 汤姆和吉姆两人很不一样。

Unit8

I. Words

1. also adv. 也;还;同样(放在句中)

e. g. You are 11 years . I am also the same age. 你11岁,我也是同岁。

【知识拓展】too 也,放在肯定句的句尾,逗号隔开; either 也,放在否定句句尾,并用都好隔开

2. kind n. 种类a.和蔼的宽容的

e. g. There are many kinds of fruit in the fruit shop .水果商店里有很多种类的水果。

Our English teacher is very kind. 我么你的英语老师很和蔼。

【知识拓展】all kinds of……各种种类,a kind of …一种……

3. fry v. 油炸;油煎;油炒

e. g. They like to fry something to eat . 他们都喜欢炸东西吃。

【知识拓展】fried a. 油炸的

e.g. Children like fried food nowdays. 现在孩子都喜欢油炸食物。

4. frozen adj. 冷冻的,冰冻的

e.g. Frozen food are easy to keep for a long time. 冷冻食物容日保存

很长时间。

【知识拓展】freezing a 严寒的,一般指的是严寒的天气;freeze .v 上冻,结冰

e.g. It?s freezing in winter. 冬天天气很严寒。

5. bake v. 烧烤

【知识拓展】baker n. 面包师;面包工人;bakery n. 面包店

e. g. They are baking in the park . 他们在公园里烧烤。

6. boil v. 煮沸

e. g. The water is boiling. 水在沸腾。

【知识拓展】boiling a.正在沸腾的;boiled a. 煮开了的

7. packet n. 包装

【知识拓展】a packet of ……一袋……

e. g. The father bought a packet of sweets for his daughter . 爸爸给他的女儿买了袋糖。

好玩的词缀

批注:词缀记忆法

–ing/ -ed, 动词变形容词的后缀,前者表示“正在进行的状态”;后者表示“动作完成的结果”,例子:boiling –boiled;developing- developed

II. Important Sentences structures

1. What would you like for dinner, tonight?今天晚饭你们想吃什么?

句中的would you like意为“你们想要……”当表达相同含义时我们也可以说成do you want。因此该句还可说成What do you want for dinner? would you like后可直接跟名词,也可用不定式to do。例如:

I?d like some fruit after dinner.我想饭后来点水果。

We'd like to be the friends of the Earth.我们想成为地球的朋友。

What would you like, chicken or a hamburger?

=What do you like, chicken or a hamburger?你想吃什么,鸡肉还是汉堡包?

批注:what do you like虽然在意思上和what would you like 一样,但是后者显得更为客气,也更常用。在回答这一问题时,可用句型I?d like…

e.g. -What would you like, beef or pork? 你想吃什么,牛肉还是猪肉?

-I don't care for pork. I would like beef.我不喜欢吃猪肉,我想吃牛肉。

2. Would you like rice or noodles? 你想要米饭还是面条?

这是一种选择疑问句,用来询问对方的想法,回答时用I'd like to have…“我想要……”,例如:

-Would you like to have some coffee or some tea? 你想要喝咖啡还是茶?

-I?d like to have some coffee.我想要喝一些咖啡。

批注:一般来说,在疑问句或者否定句中表示“一些”用any,但是在这里用some表示征求对方的意见并且希望得到肯定的回答。句中的or意为“和”,在否定句中替代and。or还可以解释为“否则,或者”,表示选择

e.g. There is no air or water on the moon.月亮上既没有水也没有空气。

You had better go by taxi, or you will be late.你最好乘出租车去,否则要迟到了。

Would you like a cup of tea or coffee? 你想要杯茶还是咖啡?

3. I’d like steamed prawns with garlic.我想要吃蒜茸蒸虾。

句中的with是介词,如果菜肴名称中的配料为固态时,介词一般用with,例如:fried cabbage with pork猪肉炒卷心菜。如果菜肴名称中有酱料,介词一般用in。

批注:下面介绍with的几种用法:

(1)表示和……一起,例如:

I?m going to study English with him.我要和他一起学英语。

Don't play with him.不要和他一起玩。

(2)表示一致,同意,例如:

I can not agree with you.我不同意你。

I?m with you all the way! 我始终和你意见一致。

(3)表示工具,媒介,例如:

He wrote the letter with a pencil.他用铅笔写那封信。

I dry my hand and face with a towel.我用毛巾擦干手和脸。

(4)表示具有,附有,例如:

I bought a house with a red roof.我买了一幢有红屋顶的房子。

Do you know the girl with red hair? 你认识那个红头发的女孩吗?

There is a beautiful park with a lake.那有一个带湖的美丽公园。

(5)表示带……在身上,例如:

I have no money with me.我没带钱。

Look, Mr Li with a box is coming.看,李先生带着一个盒子过来了。

4. What kind of soup would you like? 你想喝哪种汤?

What kind of…?表示“哪一种”用于询问对方的意见,使其在有限的条目内作出选择,例如:-What kind of soup would you like?你想要哪种汤?

-I'd like chicken soup. 我要鸡汤。

-What kind of storybook do you like? 你欢哪种故事书?

-I like science fiction. 我喜欢科幻小说。

5. It's my favorite.这是我最喜欢的。

favorite意为“最喜欢的人或物”,在美式英语中拼作favorite。例如:

This T-shirt is my favorite. 这件T恤衫是我最喜欢的。

批注:favorite指“最喜欢的人或物”是一个可数名词,在句中应有单复数。例如:

(误)These English novels are my favorite.

(正)These English novels are my favorites. 这些是我最喜欢的英文小说。

又如:

Miss Zhang is a favorite with her students.

=Miss Zhang is her students' favorite.张老师是最受学生喜爱的老师。

favorite也可为形容词意为“最喜欢的”,例如:

Red is one of my favorite colors.(favorite作形容词用)

=Red is one of my favorite.(favorite作名词用)红色是我最喜欢的颜色之一。

批注:可能孩子受中文解释的干扰,学生很容易在favorite前加个most, favorite本身意思就是“最喜欢的”前面不可以再加most。例如:

(误)This is my most favorite song. (正) This is my favorite song. 这是我最喜欢的一首歌。

6. OK, but we need to buy some food first.好吧,但是我们要先买食物。

need既是行为动词,又是情态动词。

当need作为情态动词,后面接动词原形,否定形式是needn't。

当need作为行为动词时,后面可以跟名词,也可以跟to do结构,这时其否定形式要用助动词。

例如:

He doesn't need any help.他不需要任何帮助。

I need to wash hands first.我要先洗洗手。

Unit9

I. Words and words phrases

1. fun n.

eg. They had lots of fun at the park today. 他们今天在游乐场玩的很高兴。

Reading is fun. 读书是一大乐趣。

【记忆连接】funny adj. 有趣的、可笑的

e.g. Tom told a funny story just now. 刚才汤姆讲了一个很有趣的故事。

That's the funniest thing I have ever heard. 这是听到最可笑的事了。

【常见词组】just for fun 取乐,当笑话

Make fun of sb/ sth 嘲笑某人/某事;拿某人/某事取乐

have fun 玩得愉快,相当于have a good lime 和enjoy oneself。

for fun 当做玩笑good fun 有趣的人/事物great fun 有趣的人/事物What fun! 多么有趣!

2. nut n.坚果

e.g. May I have some nuts? 我可以吃一些坚果吗?

The chocolate with nuts is very delicious.果仁巧克力非常好吃。

【记忆链接】peanut n.花生米

Walnut n. 核桃

Chestnut n. 栗子

Brazil-nut n. 巴西果

hazel-nut n. 榛子

3. shall Modal v. 表示提出或征求意见

e.g. What shall we do this evening? 今天晚上我们做什么?

Shall we begin our lesson? 我们可以开始上课了吗?

4. salty adj. 咸的

e.g. You'd better eat a little salty food. 你最好吃一点咸的东西。

【记忆连接】salt n. 盐

e.g. You put too much salt in the soup. 你往汤里放盐太多。

5. bitter adj.苦的

e.g. Black coffee leaves a bitter taste in the mouth. 不加糖的咖啡在嘴里留下了以一些苦味。n. 苦啤酒

e.g. A pint of bitter, please. 请来一瓶脱苦啤酒。

【记忆连接】bitterly adv. 苦苦地;惨痛地

e.g. She wept bitterly。她哭的很伤心。

He is bitterly opposed to unclear weapons. 他强烈地反对核武器。

6. tasty adj. 美味的、可口的、好吃的

e.g. The soup is very tasty. 这汤的味道很好。

【近义词】delicious adj. 美味的

【记忆链接】taste v. 品尝,尝......的味道n. 味道、味觉

【解析】tasty 和tasteful

tasty 意为“美味的”,

e.g. That is a tasty dish. 那是一种美味菜肴。

tasteful 意为“有审美鉴赏力的”。

e.g. She is tasteful decorator. 她是一位有审美鉴赏力的装饰家。

7.spread v. 铺开,敷,涂

e.g. Spread the apple jam on top of the bread. 将苹果酱均匀地抹在面包上。

The bird spread its wings. 那只鸟张开了翅膀。

The little boy spread the map out on the floor.小男孩在地板上摊开了地图。

8. prepare v. 使做好准备;把……预备好

e.g. I have no time to prepare a meal. 我没时间准备饭菜了。

She was prepared for anything to happen. 她已经准备好应付一切。

【记忆连接】preparation n. 预备;准备

e. g. You can't pass an exam without preparation,。不准备考试就不及格。

批注:还可以和学生共同回忆其他的表准备的词或短语,比如:get ready for

9. enough adj. 足够的,充足的

e.g. Have you got enough money? 你带够钱了吗?

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