高中英语阅读理解专题训练
（广东专版 每篇5小题）
（第1套）
第一节：阅读理解（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A（words:364&192）
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking. They try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages in analyzing a problem.
First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot read it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find out the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.
Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears
carefully.
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels.
Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterwards his bicycle works perfectly. In short , he has solved the problem.
41. What is the best title for this passage?
A. Six Stages for Repairing Sam’s Bicycle
B. Possible Ways to Problem-solving
C. Necessities of Problem Analysis
D. Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem
42. In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except .
A. recognize and define the problem
B. look for information to make the problem clearer
C. have suggestions for a possible solution
D. find a solution by trial or mistake
43. By referring to Sam’s broken bicycle, the author intends to _________.
A. illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B. discuss the problems of his bicycle
C. tell us how to solve a problem
D. show us how to analyze a problem
44. Which of the following is NOT true?
A. People do not analyze the problem they meet.
B. People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C. People may learn from their past experience.
D. People can not solve some problems they meet.
45. As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short” means _________.
A. in the long run
B. in detail
C. in a word
D. in the end 【答案与解析】 41—45 BDCAC
本文讲的是一般情况下人们的思维方式，很少有人分析他们所遇到的问题，而是试图记住“问题的答案”，进而举例说明解决问题的过程：首先要认识到有问题，接下来对问题进行归类，而且对问题进行研究、找出问题产生的原因。解决问题的过程也可以向别人咨询，找出问题的解决办法。
41. B。主旨大意题。作者主要讲述一般情况下人们的思维方式，以及举例说明解决问题的过程。根据原文概括大意，给文章加标题，考查学生的概括和表达能力，所以答案为B。另外，注意文章的标题尽可能要新颖、短小、奇特、中肯。
42. D。细节理解题。根据第二、三、四各自然段第1句，结合第一自然段第4句，可知答案为D。
43. C。作者意图题。根据作者的主要讲述，目的是告知人们如何解决问题，可知答案为 C。
44. A。细节理解题。根据第一自然段第1句，可判断出答案为A。
45. C。词义猜测题。根据上下文，考查学生对常用短语的掌握。
B（words:400&235）
Turning on the TV, a wonderful scene comes to your eyes — a group of men, tall, strong and handsome, and women, young, beautiful and attractive, too. Together they eat in the finest restaurants, traveling everywhere around the world by luxurious planes and pleasure ships. They are models.
Do you envy them? What sort of life are models leading? Is it a wonderful life for a young lady or a young man?
A few models are well-known actors or actresses who can make a lot of money only by showing themselves off in commercials. But the majority of them are just curious to see what it is like. They’d like to be models just because they are attracted by what they imagine — models earn a lot of money and lead a glorious life. This is true for those who are very successful. However, most models find it difficult to get work. Very few can earn enough to live on, and for all models their expenses are high. Their agents claim about 20% of the earnings, and no model will get very far without a clever agent. Besides, they have to buy good clothing. They also have to pay to travel to interviews and reach the places where the work is to be done.
Interviews for a model job are known as cattle-markets in the modeling world, and not without a good reason. A top model can choose his or her work, demand and receive high fees and has his or her expenses paid. But for most models, the situation is quite different. And agent or employer inspects each model much as a farmer inspects cattle at a market. Intelligence, qualifications and personal characteristics count for little against good looks and tight figures. For all except the very few lucky ones, the life of a model is a continual search for work, trying to sell himself or herself in the face of fierce competition and, sometimes, not particularly moral standards on the part of some employers.
Immigration officials at airport look suspiciously at a girl whose passport shows her occupation as “Model”, and these are men and women of considerable experience of the world. It comes no surprise to find that some models prefer to put “Secretary” or “Businessman” as their jobs in their passports.
Modeling is a changeable world with great rewards for a tiny minority but
not for the majority.
For models, their good looks and tight figures are _____________, compared with their intelligence and qualifications.
A. more important
B. less needed
C. less essential
D. more looked down upon
47. Which of the following can lead you to believe according to the
passage?
A. A model’s traveling expenses are usually paid by his employer.
B. To be a model, good looks are the most important qualification.
C. Most models have a fairly easy way of life with high pay.
D. A model can hardly be successful without a good agent.
48. Models often put “Secretary” or “Businessman” instead of “Model” in their
passports because __________________.
A. they want to avoid being stopped to sign their names by fans
B. a person with the occupation of a model is easily attacked by black
societies
C. models are sometimes looked down upon
D. secretaries and businessmen are free of custom duty
49. What may be the author’s attitude towards modeling?
A. It is a worthwhile life for a young lady or a young man.
B. He is in favor of young people to try modeling.
C. Before being crazy about a model job, young people should be
aware of the difficulties.
D. It is a field in which everyone has a great chance to succeed.
50. The underlined word “suspiciously” can most probably be replaced by
_________________.
A. doubtfully
B. excitedly
C. proudly
D. sadly
【答案与解析】46—50 ADCCA
本文作者认为虽然模特职业是很风光，但不是每一个模特都能成功的，模特这个职业有
时会被人瞧不起。
46. A。细节理解题。从第四自然段Intelligence, qualifications and personal
characteristics count
for little against good looks and tight figures.可知答案。
47. D。推理判断题。从第三自然段no model will get very far without a clever agent可知答案。
48 C。细节理解题。从第五自然段Immigration officials at airport look
suspiciously at a girl
whose passport shows her occupation as “Model”可知答案。
49. C。主旨大意题。作者认为虽然模特职业是很风光，但不是每一个模
特都能成功的，尤
其是文章最后一句话点明了主题。
50. A。意义猜测题。从第五段可知，模特这个职业有时会被人瞧不起，
从四个选项看只有
A项符合题意。
C（words:303&194）
Even plant can run a fever, especially when they’re under attack by insects or disease. But unlike human, plants can have their temperature taken from 3, 000 feet away straight up. A decade ago, adopting the infrared （红外线）scanning technology developed for military purposes and other satellites, physicist Stephen Paley came up with a quick way to take the temperature of crops to determine which ones are under stress. The goal was to let farmers precisely target pesticide （杀虫剂）spraying rather than rain poison on a whole field, which invariably includes plants that don’t have pest （害虫）problems.
Even better, Paley’s Remote Scanning Services Company could detect
crop problems before they became visible to the eye. Mounted on a plane flown at 3, 000 feet at night, an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops. The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running“fevers”. Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would.
The bad news is that Paley’s company closed down in 1984, after only three years. Farmers resisted the new technology and long - term backers were hard to find. But with the renewed concern about pesticides on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning, Paley hopes to get back into operation. Agriculture experts have no doubt the technology works. “This technique can be used on 75 percent of agricultural land in the United States, ” says George Oerther of Texas A & M. Ray Jackson , who recently retired from the Department of Agriculture, thinks remote infrared crop scanning could be adopted by the end of the decade. But only ff Paley finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago.
51．Plants will emit an increased amount of heat when they are______________.
A. sprayed with pesticides
B. facing an infrared scanner
C. in poor physical condition
D. exposed to excessive sun rays
52．In order to apply pesticide spraying precisely, we can use infrared scanning to____________.
A. estimate the damage to the crops
B. measure the size of the affected area
C. draw a color-coded map
D. locate the problem area
53．Farmers can save a considerable amount of pesticide
by______________.
A. resorting to spot-spraying
B. consulting infrared scanning experts
C. transforming poisoned rain
D. detecting crop problems at an early stage
54．The application of infrared scanning technology to agriculture met with some difficulties
_______________.
A. the lack of official support
B. its high cost
C. the lack of financial support
D. its failure to help increase production
55．Infrared scanning technology may be brought back into operation because of_____________.
A. the desire of farmers to improve the quality of their produce
B. growing concern about the excessive use of pesticides on crops
C. the forceful promotion by the Department of Agriculture
D. full support from agricultural experts
【答案与解析】51—55 CDACB
C篇是一篇说明文，主要介绍了将原用于军事和卫星的红外线扫描技术运用于农业的前景，人们为此所做出的努力及遇到的困难。51．C。细节理解题。依据文章第二自然段第2行“．．．an infrared scanner measured the heat emitted by crops．The data were transformed into a color-coded map showing where plants were running‘fevers’”，说明植物在发“高烧”，也就是说，“身体状况”不佳时才会散发热，所以选项C符合题意。
52．D。推理判断题。本题要求判断使用红外线扫描技术的目的。依据文章第二自然段第4行“．．．showing where plants were running
‘fevers’．Farmers could then spot spray，．．．”说明目的是确定有问题的区域，以使农民有针对性地喷杀虫剂。显然，选项D（确定有问题的地域）为最佳选项。
53．A。细节理解题。依据文章第二自然段最后一句“Farmers could then spot-spray, using 50 to 70 percent less pesticide than they otherwise would”（采取点喷，农民们可以节省平时用量的50％至70％的杀虫剂），选项A符合题意。
54．C。推理判断题。依据文章第三自然段的第1句“The bad news is that Palely’s company closed down in 1984， after only three years．Farmers resisted the new technology and long-term backers were hard to find”，从中可以看出红外线扫描技术应用于农业遇到了一些问题，原因有两个：一是农民对新技术的抵制，二是难以找到长期赞助商。文章中还有一处明显的提示出现在最后一句：“But only if Palely finds the financial backing which he failed to obtain 10 years ago”．从该句提供的信息同样可以反推出10年前的情形，所以选项C正确。
55．B。细节理解题。依据文章第三自然段第2行“But with the renewed concern about pesticide on produce, and refinements in infrared scanning，Palely hopes to get back into operation”，可知B项（出于对杀虫剂过度使用的担心）符合题意。