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英汉翻译学习Lesson5

英汉翻译学习Lesson5
英汉翻译学习Lesson5

Lesson 5

Activity 1 Revision

Task 1 Translating the following into Chinese

1.the ancient Chinese philosophers

(中国古代的哲学家们)

2.somewhere unknown (不为人所知的某个地方)

3.a candidate with little chance of success

(一个当选希望极微的后选人)

4.particles moving round their atomic nucleus

(环绕原子核运动的粒子)

5.the decimal system of counting

(十进制计算法)

6.Ribbentrop mounted the gallows in the execution chamber of the

Nuremberg prison.

(里宾特洛甫走上纽伦堡监狱死刑室的绞架。)

Task 2 Translating the following into English

1.一个要饭的,身材短小,面黄肌瘦,衣衫褴褛,瘸腿,满脸短髭。

(a short, yellow, ragged, lame, unshaven beggar)

2.为了迷惑别人,他机灵地说些自我挖苦的笑话。

(He was quick to use self-deprecating humor to throw anyone off the scent.)

3.那个国家的人口正在急速增长。

(The population of that country is growing rapidly.)

4.她很少说话,只是别人问她的时候才简短地回答。

(She said little, only answering briefly when asked a question.)

5.一辆坐满人的吉普车疾驶而过,溅了我一身水。

(A jeep, full, sped fast, drenching me in spray.)

6.我们提着一口袋玩具和书籍,在晨曦中穿过了花园。

(Then with a bag of toys and books, we walked across the garden in the gray light of the dawn.)

Activity 2 Translating Skill: Changing the Part of Speech(1)

Last class, we had a taste of the differences between English and Chinese on where to put their attributives and adverbials. Now we move on to introduce a new translation skill, namely, “to change the parts of speech of some particular wor ds when necessary”.

Because of the differences between English and Chinese, in most of the cases translation which shows word-for-word correspondence will not result in a smooth and natural sentence. Sometimes it is necessary to change the part of speech of a particular word, for example, to translate a noun as a verb, or to translate a verb as a noun, or to translate a noun as an adjective, etc.

Task 1 Translating Nouns as Verbs

Go through the following sentences. Some of the nouns are italicized. First try to translate the sentences as they are, presenting the italicized nouns as nouns.

1.The 1967 UN document calls for the settlemen t of the Middle East

conflict on the basis of Israeli withdrawal from occupied territories and Arab acknowledgement of Israeli’s right to exist.

(1967年联合国文件要求在以色列撤出所占的土地以及阿拉伯承认以色列的生存权利的基础上来解决中东冲突。)

2.The sight and sound of the army jeeps filled the little boy with special

longing.

(看到那些军用吉普车,听到它们隆隆的轰鸣,这个小男孩的心里充满了向往。)3.A glance through his office window offers a panoramic view of the square

and the park.

(从他的办公室窗口可以一眼看到广场和公园的全景。)

4.The news bulletin, although longer than usual, made no mention of the

accident.

(那天的新闻节目虽然比平时长,但没有提到那起事故。)

5.Alloy steels are formed by the addition of one or more of the following

elements: nickel, tungsten, silicon and small amounts of other

alloying elements.

(合金钢由加进下列一种或几种元素制成:镍、钨、硅和少量别的合金元素。)Mrs. Guide: Now don’t tell me you have sweated. I know it’s quite a struggle. On the one hand, you want to keep the parts of speech of the italicized words. On the other hand, you want to produce a smooth Chinese sentence. It’s almost an impossible task. Ok, now I give you a free hand. Forget about the parts of speech. Just try to be loyal to the meaning of the original sentences.

Task 2 Translating Prepositions as Verbs

In fact, not only nouns can be translated as verbs when necessary, prepositions as well.

Translating the following into Chinese, paying attention to the italicized prepositions.

1.She opened the door to let him in.

(她打开门,让他进来。)

2.She skimmed over the lawn, up the path, up the steps, across the veranda,

and into the porch.

(她蹦着跳着越过草坪,跑上小径,跨上台阶,穿过凉台,进了门厅。)

3.When he came back, the computer was still on, which gave him quite a

start.

(他回来的时候,电脑还开着,把他吓了一跳。)

4.Together they drove over the quietly flowing river and through the

lovely old sleeping town.

(他们一起驱车越过静静地流淌着的小河,穿过酣睡中的可爱的古城。)

5.The street runs westward, across a great black bridge, down a hill,

through a noisy market, past a ghetto, until it reaches the river.

(那条街往西伸展,越过一座黑色大桥,爬下一道山岗,经过一处嘈杂的街市,又经过一片贫民窟,一直到了江边。)

Read the text (P44-48)

Task 3 Translating Verbs as Nouns

The above two tasks may have left you the impression that we translate a lot of words as verbs. Well, you’ll find out below that verbs can’t keep their forms al the time.

Translating the following into Chinese.

1.Stubbornness has always characterized her way of negotiating.

(固执是她的谈判方式的一贯特点。)

2.He personified the absolute power in their eyes.

(在他们眼里,他就是绝对权威的化身。)

https://www.doczj.com/doc/1b1377462.html,ptop computers are designed to be light enough so that they can be

carried along fairly easily.

(“膝上型电脑”,按其设计,应是足够轻便,便于携带。)

4.A casually-dressed man, who looked and talked like an Arab, left the

hotel around 5 o’clock.

(一个穿着随便、外表和谈吐都像阿拉伯人的男子5点左右离开了酒店。)5.They signed two agreements that served to warm up the relationship

between their two countries.

(他们签订了两个协定,目的是使两国之间的关系升温。)

Summary: We have practiced translating nouns and prepositions as verbs and verbs as nouns. Of course, adjectives, adverbs and conjunctions can also appear in other forms when necessary. In any case, just remember meaning always has priority over form.

Read the textbook: (P48-P51)

Activity 3 Practice and For Your Enjoyment

Task 1

Elliott was too clever not to see that many of the persons who accepted his invitations did so only to get a free meal and that of these some were stupid and some worthless.(W.S. Msugham: The Razor’s Edge)

(艾略特是一个聪明的人,必然看得出来,大多数接受他邀请的人,只是为着要来吃一顿不花钱的饭,他知道他们当中有些是愚笨的,另外有些却是不足轻重的。)

Notes:

(1) too clever not to see=clever that he cannot but see 以他的聪明岂有不知此事之理。例如: He is too angry not to say that他那般愤怒而忍不住要说出那样的话来。 (2) did so即 accepted his invitations. (3) to get= in order to get (4) that接前面 to see说的。句子的构造是 to see that…and that…(5) of these some =some of these. (6) some worthless = some of these were worthless.

Task 2

The Busy Broker

The broker’s hour is not only crowded, but minutes and seconds are hanging to all the straps and packing both front and rear platforms. (O. Henry)

(经济人的时间不但是忙得像街车一样的拥挤,而且每分每秒车上所有的吊带都吊满了站立的乘客,在前后的站台上,也挤得水泄不通。)

Note: Straps每部车子都有规定,可容坐客多少,站客多少,站立的乘客,车上系有许多吊带,以便站着的人抓住,不致因车开动而跌倒,这种乘客就叫做strap-hanger

Homework:

1.Exercises: Textbook (P44-53)

2.Revision: Notebook + Textbook (the pages what we learned today)

So, let us, in these next five days, start a long march together, not in lockstep, but on different roads leading to the same goal, the goal of building a world structure of peace and justice in which all may stand together with equal dignity and in which each nation, large or small, has a right to determine its own form of government, free of outside interference or domination. The world watches. The world listens. The world waits to see what we will do. What is the world? In a personal sense, I think of my eldest-daughter whose birthday is today. As I think of her, I think of all the children in the world, in Asia, in Africa, in Europe, in the Americas, most of whom were born since the date of the foundation of the People's Republic of China.

因此,让我们在今后的五天里在一起开始一次长征吧,不是在一起迈步,而是在不同的道路上向同一目标前进。这个目标就是建立一个和平和正义的世界结构,在这个世界结构中,所有的人都可以在一起享有同等的尊严;每个国家,不论大小,都不受外界干涉或统治,都有权利决定它自己的政府形式。全世界在等待着看我们将做些什么。这个世界是什么呢?就个人来讲,我想到我的大女儿,因为今天是她的生日。当我想到她的时候,我就想到全世界的儿童,亚洲、非洲、欧洲以及美洲的儿童,他们大多数都是在中华人民共和国成立以后出生的。)

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第三章名词的抽象和具体译法第一节名词的抽象译法(p68) 粗枝大叶to be crude and careless (with big branches and large leaves) 海阔天空to talk with random( with a vast sea and boundless sky) 灯红酒绿dissipated and luxurious (with red lights and green wine) 纸醉金迷of life of luxury and dissipation (with drunken paper and bewitched gold) 单枪匹马to be single-handed in doing sth (with a solitary spear and a single horse) 赤胆忠心ardent loyalty (with red gut and heart) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness (to get into every hole) 扬眉吐气to feel proud and elated (to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath) 开门见山to come straight to the point (to open the door and see the mountain) 大张旗鼓on a large and spectacular scale (to make a great array of flags and drums) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable (the wind and rain are rocking) 二.翻译下列句子 (1)这是他们夫妻之间的事情,你去插一脚干吗? That’s a business of their own, between husband and wife. Why should you get involved in? (2)别人家里鸡零狗碎的事情你都知道得这么全,真是个顺风耳啊! You know all the bits and pieces of trifles of other families. You are really well informed. (3)这消息让我出了一身冷汗。 I’m extremely terrified by the news. (4)她毛遂自荐来这所小学做老师。 She volunteered for the teaching post in this primary school. (5)我不敢班门弄斧,诚望您发表高见。 I dare not show off in the presence of(在……面前)an expert. I hope you would be kind enough to enlighten(启发,启蒙)us on this matter. (6)敌军闹得全村鸡犬不宁。 The enemy troops threw the whole village into great disorder. (7)敌军军官听说后路已被切断,吓得目瞪口呆。 The enemy officer was stunned by the news that the route of retreat had been cut off. (8)这些问题盘根错节,三言两语说不清楚。 These problems are too complicated to be explained clearly in a few words.

翻译工作的个人心得体会总结【精品】

作为一名翻译工作人员,要做好翻译工作,平时也要不断的努力学习,提高自己的翻译能力。下面是带来的翻译工作心得,欢迎查看。 步入大三下学期以来,课程减少了许多,与前几学期那繁重的课业负担相比简直是不可同日而语。许多同学仍然是选择玩游戏来度过这“宝贵”的大学时光,而我却另有想法—一方面学好本专业,另一方面这首为考研作准备,再者努力寻求工作的机会。在本学期开学之初,我曾找了一份作英语科技文翻译的工作,下面我谈谈有关情况和我的一些体会— 这份工作的老板是我以前的一位老师,由于有一定的人际关系,他承担了社科院关于专利摘要汉译英的工作。他在校外专门租了一个屋子,配了几台电脑,然后招了一些大四快毕业的相关专业的学生为他做全职翻译,也就是按照正常工作时间,一天干八小时。为了充分利用晚上的时间,他在校内的广告栏里贴出了海报,招半专职人员,每天的工作时间为晚上6:30开始,下班时间要看完成的速度和数量。我就是在看了海报后与其他三十多个同学一起去应聘的。选拔很简单,先填一下个人的简单情况,然后由老师给我们应聘者每人发一封邮件,邮件内容为二篇翻译原文,要我们利用现有知识翻译过来(当然有参考 ),完成后给他发回去,根据我们回复情况确定最终人选。 得到邮件后,我用了一个下午的时间将之翻译完成,在晚上便给老师回复了。很幸运,我在周六的时候接到了老师的电话,成了最初13名被录取者中的一员!当天下午,我们即与老师一起到了工作地点,然后他对我们进行了相关培训,就像我们在学习一门新的知识一样。慢慢地,等我们有了一定的基础过后,他便给我们发活儿,正式开始工作。 由于各方面的原因,工作开始过后,陆续有同学退出,从最初的13人减少到了半个月后的8人。考虑到本专业有许多东西要学,而且自己也不太适应那里的工作环境,因此我也在四月底离开了,自己的正式工作时间为3月8日到4月30日。 工作的具体流程是这样的:每天晚上我们到那里的时候,已经有当天要完成的工作保存在各自的工作文件夹里,我们每个人的工作数量相同,这样便于修改。接着我们便动手翻译,一般持续时间为3个小时左右,期间可以讨论。然后大家都完成之后,小组的成员便开始相互修改。这一步是非常重要的,因为由于工作量大、时间短,难免会有问题,而且一定会有问题,相互修改可以减少错误。即使是修改之后,抽查人员还是会发现问题。我们一般是工作到10:30左右,每晚都由其中一人最后锁门并保存好钥匙。 虽然我在那里工作的时间不长,但每次去都很用心,所以我学到了不少东西。下面说一下我的几点认识— 第一,学习力是最重要的。虽然我已经学了这么多年英语了,而且也过了四、六级,但要完成此份翻译工作,还得重头学起。我们根本不用抱怨在学校里没有学到什么知识,也不用为自己所取得的成绩而沾沾自喜。要是不学的话,任何人都会落后的。 第二,态度决定一切。做任何事情都必须有一个好的态度。就像在做翻译的过程中,有时自己一走神或是在想其他的东西,就很容易犯那种非常低级的错误。把态度端正了,在一定程度上也就成功了一半。

英语翻译心得

翻译心得 这学期,新开了一门课程——翻译课。作为一名英语的专业学习者,学习翻译很重要。在上这一门课程之前,我对翻译的了解仅仅只是单纯的把英文翻译成中文或是把中文翻译成英文。但在我接触这门课程后,我发现这并没有我想象中那么简单。 我之前的翻译一般都是直译的,偶尔也会调整一下顺序来翻译。在英译汉中,我在句子中一旦碰到不认识的单词,我第一反应就是查单词,找出最符合句子中的意思,就这样解决。如果翻译出来的句子的意思仍然不通顺,或者无法解决就会上网找答案,不会多加思考。在汉译英中,我的翻译水平感觉一直停留在初中的阶段,只会用最简单的句式,不懂得变通。所以总的来说,我的翻译确实很糟糕,也有很多不好的习惯。 10月份的时候,老师给我们布置了一项任务,11页的翻译材料,要在两个月之内完成。我翻阅了一下这份材料,是有关莎士比亚的文章。一扫而过,有很多是我不认识的单词,而且,句子好复杂,也好长。当时,我连第一句话都翻译不来,所以我认为这对于我来说像是一个不可能完成的任务。但是没办法,我只能硬着头皮去做。拿着材料的第二天,我就开始着手翻译,因为我想早点完成,不想拖着心里不舒服。但是,事情并没有我想象中那么简单,我遇到很多问题。1.语句翻译不通顺。一句话中,单词认识,但是连成一句话,就有种牛头不对马嘴的感觉,翻译的一点也不通顺,也不知道什么意思。而且,我翻译的有些句子,上文和下文毫无关系,搭不上边。

2.缺乏足够的文化背景知识而导致误译。由于我翻译的是有关莎士比亚的文章,而我对于莎士比亚的了解几乎为零。所以在翻译的过程中,我需要查阅大量的背景知识,才能了解,这对于我来说有点困难,毕竟要在短时间内了解这么多知识。 3.语句翻译有点死板,不懂得变通。我的翻译能力并不是很好,所以在翻译过程中,我都是把句子直接直译出来,所以翻译的很糟糕。 4.单词生僻,不懂得利用上下文推测意思。在这次翻译过程中,有很多我没有见过的单词。我每次遇到不认识的单词,都是通过查字典来解决。但是也有一些字典上查阅不到的单词,网络上也找不到,我只能直接猜测意思。 5.人名、地名、书名理解不透彻。翻译中出现大量的人名、地名和戏剧名,但是我都是直译成中文,除了戏剧名可以在网络上查阅,其他都要靠自已去翻译好。 但是,总的来说,这次翻译我也获得了许多。在开始翻译之前,我是硬着头皮去做的。但是,翻译几页下来,我觉得很有趣。重要的是,每当我翻译完一页我都特别有成就感。有的时候我看着自己的翻译,我都有点不敢相信这是我做的。虽然翻译的不是很好,但是我知道自己是在进步中,所以很开心。所以呀,有的时候千万不要小瞧了自己,每个人都是有潜能的。 经过这次翻译的锻炼和这个学期翻译的学习,我才知道翻译并没有我想象中那么简单。在中学阶段的翻译,只要把意思翻译准确就可以了。但是,对于一名英语专业的学习者来说,这个仅仅只是最初级的阶段。

汉英翻译教程期末考试复习要点 Microsoft Word 文档

1. 直译法 (1) 英译按原文的字面翻译, 其比喻意义同原文一样生动, 译文使读者能很快联想起英文中的对等成语. 如: 竭泽而渔 to drain a pond to catch all the fish (相当于 kill the goose that lays the golden eggs) 2) 打草惊蛇 to stir up the grass and alert the snake (相当于 wake a sleeping dog) 3)易如反掌 to be as easy a s turning over one’s hand (相当于as easy as falling off a log) 4) 玩火自焚 to get burnt by the fire kindled by oneself (相当于fry in one’s own grease) 5)掌上明珠 a pearl in the palm (相当于the apple of one’s eye) 6)对牛弹琴 to play the lute to a cow (相当于 cast pearls before swine) 7)守口如瓶to keep one’s mouth closed like a bottle (相当于 keep a still tongue in one’s head) 8) 雪中送炭to send charcoal in snowy weather (相当于help a lame dog over a stile) 9) 画蛇添足 to draw a snake and add feet to it (相当于 paint the lily) (2) 不少汉语成语不一定有非常对等的英语成语, 但它们的字面翻译也能使译文读者得到正确无误的形象意义. 如: 1) 声东击西 to shout in the east and strike in the west 2) 刻骨铭心to be engraved on one’s heart and bones 3)井底之蛙to be like a frog at the bottom of a well 4)调虎离山to lure the tiger from the mountain 5)口蜜腹剑 to be honey-mouthed and dagger-hearted 2. 意译法 如:手忙脚乱 in a frantic rush 立竿见影get instant results 它虽难以保全成语的文化特色和具体形象,却能简洁明快的反应出成语的喻义。 1) 粗枝大叶: with big branches and large leaves to be crude and careless 2) 无孔不入to take advantage of every weakness to get into every hole 3) 扬眉吐气 to raise the eyebrows and let out a breath to feel proud and elated ) 灯红酒绿 with red lights and green wine dissipated and luxurious 5) 大张旗鼓 to make a great array of flags and drums on a large and spectacular scale 6) 海阔天空(to talk) at random with a vast sea and a boundless sky 7) 风雨飘摇(of a situation) being unstable the wind and rain are rocking 有一部分汉语成语带着一定的中国文化背景, 有的成语在字 面上就含中国古代的人名, 地名, 有的出自寓言或历史的典故. 对这部分成语, 字面翻译是无法为外国读者所接受的. 如加上 解释性文字, 就失去了成语精练的特点. 我们最好 的办法就是绕开其文化背景, 直接译出其真正的

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