牛津译林英语7年级上册
各单元语法知识汇总及练习
Unit 1 动词Be的一般现在时
be动词有人称和数方面的变化。对于动词be，不管是在肯定句、否定句还是一般疑问句中都起着非常重要的作用。下面分别介绍动词be的一些特定用法。
一、be动词的意义
动词be (am, is, are)说明身份、年龄、状态等
I am a student.
I am 13 years old.
I’m very healthy.
二、be动词的人称变化：
第一人称I，后面的动词用am;
第三人称he/she/it, 后面的动词用is;
第一人称复数we, 第二人称you, 第三人称复数they，后面的动词用are.
如果主语是代词，非正式行文中，Be与前面的主语可以缩写：
I am=I'm You are=You're She is=She's He is=He's
It is=It's We are=We're They are=They're
非正式行文中，is/are 与not可以缩写。例：is not=isn't are not=aren't
主要句式：
1. 肯定句式主语＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)＋其他。
2. 否定句式主语＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)＋not＋其他。
3. 一般疑问句将be( ____\ ___\ ___)提前,即:Be( ____\ ___\ ___)＋主语＋其他？（第一人称变为第二人称）
肯定回答：Yes,主语（必须是_____词）＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)（主语和Be动词不能缩写）否定回答：No,主语（必须是_____词）＋be( ____\ ____\ _____)＋not（必须缩写____\ _____）肯定：It is a book. →否定：It is not a book. /It isn’t a book.
I am a student. →否定：I am not a student. /I’m not a student.
You are my friend. →否定：Yo u are not my friend. /You aren’t my friend.
一般疑问句：回答一般疑问句时，主语必须是代词
肯定：I am a student. → 一般疑问：Are you a student?
She is from China. → 一般疑问：Is she from China?
They are nurses. → 一般疑问：
My book is on the table. → 一般疑问：
John 是中国人吗？→ 一般疑问：
这本书有趣吗？→ 一般疑问：
一、用am, is, are 填空
1. I _____ a student.
2. You ____ a doctor.
3. ____she from Jinan?
4. _____you American?
5. He _____ in Class 4, Grade 1.
6. It_____ a car.
7. They ____ cars
8. ____ your mother in China?
9. ____your friends in New York?
10. What ____her name?
11. These _____ buses.
12. Those _____oranges.
13. Where _____ her mother?
14. How old _____your teacher?
15. What class _____ you in?
16. —I ______ a boy. ______ you a boy?
—No, I _____ not.
17. T he girl______ Jack’s sister.
18. The dog _______ tall and fat.
19. The man with big eyes _______ a teacher.
20. ______ your brother in the classroom?
21. —Where _____ your mother?
—She ______ at home.
22. How _______ your father?
23. Mike and Liu Tao ______ at school.
24. Whose dress ______ this?
25. Whose socks ______ they?
26. That ______ my red skirt.
27. Who ______ I?
28. The jeans ______ on the desk.
29. Here ______ a scarf for you.
30. Here ______ some sweaters for you.
31. The black gloves ______ for Su Yang.
32. This pair of gloves ______ for Yang Ling.
二、在下面的短文中填上恰当的be动词。
I ______ a girl. My name _______ Mary. I ______ in Class 2, Grade 7. I ______ 12 years old. Here ______ my family photo. Look! These ______ my parents and those _______ my grandparents. This boy ______ my brother. He ________ 15 years old now. That ______ my cat, Mimi. It ______ very lovely.
Unit 2 行为动词的一般现在时
什么情况下用行为动词的一般现在时呢？
①当这个动作经常发生或表示习惯性的动作时，通常用一般现在时，它经常与表示频度的时间状语连用，如，当句子中有every day, every year ,on Sunday, in the morning ,often, sometimes, usually, at one o’clock,等词时，用一般现在时。
He gets up at 6 o’clock.
She usually watches TV in the evening.
Sometimes he goes to school by car.
Tom often flies a kite on Sunday.
②表示目前的爱好、能力等。
She sings very well.
③表示不受时限的客观事实。
Fish live in water.
只有第三人称单数动词才要变，其他人称（I, you ,we ,they）则用动词的原形。
当主语是第三人称单数时，行为动词的一般现在时通常有三种变化：
1、多数在动词后加s。
play—plays like—likes read—reads sing—sings
dance—dances cook—cooks look—looks
2、以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es。
go—goes wash--washes watch-watches catch-catches do-does 3、以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es。
fly—flies study—studies try-tries
4、特殊变化have-has
写出下列动词的正确形式：
1. I (go) to school at seven in the morning.
2. Mike (do) his homework at eight in the evening.
3. His father often (read) books in the library on Saturday.
4. My mother usually (watch) TV plays at home.
5. My cousin sometimes (play) cards with me.
6. —you often (study ) after school?
—Yes , I do.
7. Mike and Tom usually (fly) kites on Sunday.
8. They (go) to school by bus every day.
9. She (go) to school by bus every day.
10. We usually (listen) to the radio in the morning.
11. He usually (listen) to the radio in the morning.
12. —he usually (listen) to the music at home?
—No, he
主要句式：
一、否定句：一般现在时的否定式是在动词原形前加助动词do not (don’t )；主语是第三人称单数时在动词原形前加助动词does not (doesn’t)，其结构为：
1）主语+ don’t+ 动词原形
They don’t work here.
I don’t go to school on Sundays.
2）主语(第三人称单数)+ doesn’t+ 动词原形
She doesn’t like sports.
The boy doesn’t study hard.
注意*：如句中用了never（从不），hardly（很少、几乎不）等词来表示否定意义，就不能再使用助动词don’t 或doesn’t , 试比较：
I don’t know you.
I hardly know you.
I don’t hardly know you.
二、疑问句：
一般现在时的疑问式在句首加助动词do, 主语为第三人称单数时在句首加does,其结构是：
1）Do + 主语+ 动词原形…?
They live near our school.
→Do they live near our school?
The students like learning English.
→Do the students like learning English?
2)Does + 主语（第三人称单数）+ 动词原形…?
He watches TV every evening.
→Does he watch TV every evening?
My father teaches Chinese.
→Does your father teach Chinese?
简略回答用助动词do/does 和don’t/doesn’t 代替行为动词。
疑问句的回答：
—Do you often go shopping with your mother?
—Yes, I do. /—No, I don’t.
Does his mother work in that factory?
—Yes, she does. / —No, she doesn’t. (回答时须用人称代词)
注意：在疑问句和否定句中，助动词之后的行为动词均用原形。
区分动词do和助动词do的用法(do既是助动词，又是行为动词)，比较下面两个句子：
I do not do homework on Saturday.
Do you do housework at home?
1)do 用作行为动词一般表示“做”、“干”等意思，
We do morning exercises every day.
Jack often does some washing on Sundays.
She never does her homework in the evening.
2)do用作助动词主要用来帮助构成疑问句、否定句或用于替代等。
Do you drive to work every day?(帮助构成疑问句)
He doesn’t work on Sundays. (帮助构成否定句)
—Does he like the job?
—Yes, he does. (用于替代)
写出下列动词在句中的适当形式：
1）We ___________ (love) sports.
2）She ___________ (sing) well.
3）Tom and John ___________ (watch) TV every evening.
4）My son ___________ (go) to school by bike.
5）Their teacher usually ___________ (walk) to school.
6）Five plus two ___________ (make) seven.
7）They all ___________ (like) him.
8）The sun ___________ (fall) in the west.
将下列句子改为否定句和疑问句：
1）They work in a factory.
否定句：
疑问句：
2）Mary likes sports.
否定句：
疑问句：
3）The boys go to school on foot.
否定句：
疑问句：
4）His father and mother like watching TV.
否定句：
疑问句：
5）She does her homework in the evening.
否定句：
疑问句：
6）The students do morning exercises every day.
否定句：
疑问句：
Unit 3 人称代词
人称代词在句中的作用
主格常位于句首，宾格一般在动词或者介词之后。1）主格作主语。表示谁怎么样了、干什么了。
I am a teacher. You are student.
He is a student, too. We/You/They are students. 2）宾格作宾语。表示动作行为的对象
①Give it to me.
②What's wrong with it?
人称代词用法口诀：
动前主格动后宾
名前形容介后宾
如果名词含在内
选用名物代就行
代词练习
一、选出括号中正确的词，在正确的词上打勾。
1. This is（my / I）mother.
2. Nice to meet （your / you）.
3. （He / His）name is Mark.
4. What’s（she / her）name?
5. Excuse（me / my / I）.
6. Are（your / you）Miss Li?
7. （I/ My）am Ben.
8. （She / Her）is my sister.
9. Fine , thank （your / you）.
10. How old is （he / his）
二、用所给代词的正确形式填空。
1. These are ______ ( he ) brothers.
2. That is _______( she ) sister.
3. Tom, this is _____ ( me ) cousin, Mary.
4. Now _____________(her parent) are in America.
5. Those __________ ( child ) are _____ ( I ) father’s students.
6. Do you know ______ ( it ) name?
7. Mike and Tom __________ ( be ) friends.
8. Thanks for helping ________( I ).
Unit 4表示时间的介词（in/on/at）
①in时间范围大（一天以上）如：in January, in winter, in 1999;泛指在上午，下午，晚上，如：in the morning(afternoon, evening). 习惯用法：in the daytime 在白天。
②on指在某一天或某一天的上午，下午，晚上，如：on Monday, on Sunday afternoon, on July 1, 1999
③at时间最短，一般表示点时间，如at six o’clock, at three thirty. 习惯用法：at night, at noon, at this time of year.
in, on和at在表达时间方面的区别
in 表示在某年、某季节、某月、某周、某天和某段时间
in a year在一年中in spring 在春季in September 在九月in a week 在一周中in the morning/afternoon/evening 在上午/下午/傍晚但在中午，在夜晚则用at noon/night on 表示某一天或某一天的某段时间
on Monday 在周一on Monday afternoon 在周一下午on March 7th 在3月7日on March 7th, 1998. 在1998年3月7日on the morning of March 7th, 1998. 在1998年3月7日上午
at 表示某个具体时刻。
at eight o’clock 在8点钟
at this time of the year 在一年中的这个时候
at the moment 在那一时刻
at that time 在那时
注意：在英语中，如果时间名词前用this, last, next 等修饰时，像这样的表示，“在某时”的时间短语前，并不需要任何介词。
例如：last month, last week, this year, this week, next year, the next day, the next year等。
口诀：
at用在时刻前，亦与正午、午夜连，
黎明、终止和开端，at与之紧接着相伴。
周月季年长时间，in须放在其前面，
泛指一晌和傍晚，也要放在in后边。
on指特定某一天，日期、星期和节日前
某天上下和夜晚，依然要在on后站。
今明昨天前后天，上下这那每之前，
at、in、on都不用，此乃习惯记心间。
练习
一、用介词in，on，at填空
（一）
______1999 _______9:45 _______the evening _______Monday evening ________June ________the afternoon_______noon ______night ______Children’s Day ______Teachers’Day _______8 o’clock _______Summer _______May ______May,1999 ________May15th,1999
（二）
1. Her birthday is _______March 14th.
2. Do you have a party _______September 10th.
3. My father is birthday is _______August.
4. We have our School Day _______nine o clock.
5. I do my homework _______Sunday.
6. Hewasbor_______1992.
7. It happened _______December 12th, 1980.
8. I met him _______September，2000.
二、选择
( ) 1. Children get gifts ________ Christmas and ________ their birthdays.
A. on; on
B. at; on
C. in; in
D. in; on
( ) 2. —There is nothing ____tomorrow afternoon, is there?
—No. We can have a game of table tennis.
A. on
B. in
C. out
D. up
( ) 3. A lot of students in our school were born ____ March, 1981.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. since
( ) 4. He suddenly returned____ a rainy night.
A. on
B. at
C. in
D. during
( ) 5. My grandfather was born ____ Oct. 10, 1935.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. of
( ) 6. The train is starting ___ five minutes.
A. in
B. at
C. for
D. still
( ) 7. Mike does his exercises ____ seven _____ the evening.
A. on; to
B. at; in
C. by; of
D. at; on
( ) 8. Children wake up very early ____ the morning of Christmas Day.
A. in
B. on
C. for
D. at
( ) 9. ____ a cold winter morning, I met her in the street.
A. In
B. On
C. At
D. For
( ) 10. It happened to be very cold____ the morning of our sports meeting.
A. at
B. on
C. with
D. of
( ) 11. Why did you get up so early ___ this morning.
A. on
B. /
C. at
D. in
( ) 12. He went to Shanghai___ September 3, 1991 and came back___ a cold morning last year.
A. in; on
B. on; in
C. on; on
D. in; in
( ) 13. Lucy was born____ the night of May 12, 1984.
A. on
B. in
C. at
D. to
( ) 14. Mrs Brown came to China ____ 1996.
A. on
B. of
C. to
D. in
( ) 15 ___ the morning of November 20, 1915, the workers came to Chicago to show their mourning of Joe Hill.
A. On
B. In
C. On
D. At
( ) 16. Ann moved___Hangzhou___September, 1992.
A. /; in
B. to; in
C. to; on
D. in; in
( ) 17. They started off___an autumn afternoon.
A. during
B. at
C. in
D. on
( ) 18. He often goes ____ school ____ six thirty ____ the morning.
A. for; to; in
B. to; at; in
C. to; for; at
D. for; at; to
( ) 19. He arrived ___ Shanghai ___ 9: 30 ___ March 5.
A. at; in; at
B. to; on; at
C. in; on; at
D. in; at; on
( ) 20. The English teacher told me to get there____ half past ten.
A. in
B. at
C. on
D. of
Unit 5特殊疑问句
1. 特殊疑问句由疑问词引导，不同的疑问词用来询问不同的对象。
2. 特殊疑问句的句型是：特殊疑问词+一般疑问句的句式，也就是“疑问词﹢系动词/助动词/情态动词﹢主语﹢其他成分。”
练习题
一、从A栏中选出与B栏问题对应的答句，并用线连起来。
A B
1、What's your name? It's a book.
2、What class are you in? My name is Betty.
3、Where are you from? I'm NO. 2.
4、What's this in English? I'm in Class Two.
5、What's one and one? It's two.
6、What's your number? I'm from China.
二、用疑问词填空。
1. —are you?
—I'm a driver.
2. —are you?
—I'm fine.
3. —are you?
—I'm ten.
4. —are you?
—I'm Alice.
5. —are you?
—I'm in the office.
6. —is it?
—It's red.
7. —is it?
—It's a banana.
8. —books are there on the desk?
—There are two books.
9. —are the books?
—They are twenty yuan.
10. —is your birthday(生日)?
—On May 2nd.
三、就划线部分提问
1、He often has lunch（午饭）in the factory.
he often lunch?
3、He hurt his leg last Sunday.
he his leg?
4、I got up at six this morning.
you up this morning?
5、I didn't go to school because I had a bad cold.
you go to school?
6、The girl in a red coat is my sister。
is your sister?
7、He is 159cm tall. is he?
四、选择题
1. Excuse me ______ is the bookshop?
—It’s over there.
A. how
B. what
C. where
D. who
2. ______ is a pencil? —About five yuan.
A. How old
B. How many
C. How much
D. How often
3. ______ are you going? —I’m going to the library（图书馆）.
A. Who
B. Which
C. What
D. Where
4. ______ tea do you have? —Two cups.
A. How many
B. How much
C. How
D. Which
5. ______? —The one behind the tree.
A. Whose girl
B. Who’s that girl
C. Which girl
D. Where’s the girl
Unit 6可数名词和不可数名词
可数名词
普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个
体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品
可数名词单数变复数的规律口诀
名词单数变复数，直接加—s 占多数
s，x，ch，sh来结尾，直接加---es
辅音字母加y在词尾，把y变i再加---es
词尾字母若是o ，常加---s 就可以
要加---es 请记牢，hero ，tomato 和potato
1. 一般的名词词尾直接加-s。如：
book → books room → rooms house → houses day → days
2. 以s, ss,ch,sh,x 结尾的名词，在词尾加-es 。如：
bus → buses glass → glasses watch → watches
dish → dishes box → boxes
3. 以"辅音字母+y"结尾的名词，要先将y改为i再加-es。如：
city → cities body → bodies factory → factories等等。
4. 以f 或fe 结尾的名词，要将f或fe改为v再加-es。如：
half → halves leaf → leaves
knife → knives wife → wives
5. 特例[注意：特例常常考，要记住。]
① child → children
② man → men woman → women policeman → policemen
(规律：man → men)
③ tomato → tomatoes
potato → potatoes
[注意：初中英语以o 结尾的名词变复数时只有这两个词加-es，其余的当然加-s！如：photo → photos ]
④ foot → feet tooth → teeth
[注意：oo变成ee。]
⑤ sheep, Chinese, Japanese单、复数同形
[注意：变复数时词形不变。]
⑥people单数形式表示复数意义，要求谓语动词用复数；people的复数形式peoples通常指“多个民族”。
不可数名词
1. 不可数名词没有复数，当它作句子的主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式。
如：The food is very fresh. 食品很新鲜。
2. 有的不可数名词也可以作可数名词，有复数形式，但他们的意义往往发生变化。
如：water (水) → waters (水域) orange (橘汁) → oranges (橘子)
3. 很多的不可数名词表示泛指时为不可数，表示种类时就可数，但意义大多不发生变化。如：fruit→fruits food→foods fish→fishes hair→hairs
四、名词可数不可数“六注意”
1、可数名词是可以用来计数的名词。可数名词有单数和复数形式。如：desk-desks, apple-apples 等。不可数名词是不可以直接用来计数的名词。不可数名词没有复数形式，只有单数形式。如：some bread， a little milk等。
2、单数可数名词表示泛指时，前面要用不定冠词a(an)，表示特指时，前面要用定冠词the; 而不可数名词前不能用a(an)修饰，表示特指时，前面一定要用定冠词the。如：He is a factory worker. 他是一名工人。
No one can see air. 没有人能看见空气。
3、可数名词和不可数名词前都可以用some, any, a lot of, lots of 等来修饰，表示"一些，许多"。如：
There are some oranges on the desk. 桌子上有一些桔子。
There is a lot of water in the bottle. 瓶里有许多水。
4、可数名词前可用具体的数词来表示具体的数量。如：two apples, four books等。不可数名词前通常用"单位词+of"来表示数量。如：a piece of paper, a bottle of water,a cup of tea,a glass of beer,five kilos of meat等。
5、可数名词作主语时，谓语动词的单复数与主语的单复数保持一致。如：
This picture is very beautiful. 这幅画很美。
不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词要用单数形式，但是不可数名词前有复数"单位词"时，谓语动词要用复数形式。如：
There are two cups of tea on the table. 桌上有两杯茶。
6、对可数名词前的修饰语提问用how many; 对不可数名词前的修饰语提问用how much。如：
How many apples are there in the box?盒子里有多少个苹果？
How much tea is there in the cup?杯里有多少茶水？
注意：对不可数名词前的"单位词"的修饰语提问时，疑问词用how many。如：How many pieces of bread are there on the plate?盘子里有多少片面包？
既作可数又作不可数的名词
可数不可数
chicken 小鸡鸡肉
room 房间空间
work 作品工作
paper 报纸纸
glass 玻璃杯玻璃
time 次倍数/时间
wood 树木木头
fish 鱼鱼肉
light 灯光
fruit （各种）水果水果
可数与不可数名词的练习
I. 找出下列笑话中的可数名词，并写出其复数形式：
In the market, a buyer asked a seller “How much is this cat, please?” “100 dollars. ” “But you only asked for 20 dollars yesterday!” “Yes, that’s true. But this cat ate a bird last night and the bird was worth 80 dollars!”
II. 找出不可数名词，在横线上打勾，并将可数名词变成复数形式：
homework ______ half __ ____ advice____ __ money ______
knowledge ______ boot ____ _ blood __ ____ music ______
chicken ________ heat ___ __ mouth ___ ___ bread _______ information ______ milk ___ __ cow _____ __ tear ________
III. 选择填空：
1．The deer has four ______.
A. foot
B. feet
C. feets
D. foots
2．Her two brothers are both ______.
A. policeman
B. policemans
C. policemen
D. policemens
3．There are four _____ and two ______ in the group.
A. Japanese, Germen
B. Japaneses, Germen
C. Japanese, Germans 4．Two ______ would come to the village.
A. woman-doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctors
D. woman doctors
5．Can you see nine _____ in the picture?
A. sheep
B. dog
C. pig
D. horse
6．The _____ has two ______.
A. boys, watches
B. boy, watch
C. boy, watches
D. boys, watch 7．The boy often brushes his _____ before he goes to bed.
A. tooth
B. tooths
C. teeth
D. teeths
8．The Japanese ____ will not leave China until she finishes her study. A. woman B. women C. man D. men
9．There are lots of _____ in the basket on the table.
A. tomatos
B. tomato
C. tomatoes
D. tomatoss
10. The cat caught two ______ last night.
A. mouses
B. mice
C. mouse
D. mices
三. 用所给名词的适当形式填空。
1. How many________(sheep) are there on the hill?
2. There is some________(food) in the basket.
3. The baby has only two________(tooth) now.
4. There is a lot of________(water) in the bottle.
5. There are five________(people ) in his family.
6. Let's take________(photo), OK?
7. I have lots of________(tomato) here.
8. The________(leaf) on the tree turn-yellow.
9. The________(child) are playing games on the playground now.
10. Their________(dictionary) look new.
11. I see you have a few white________(hair).
12. They are________(woman) doctors.
13. Can you give me some bottles of ____ (orange), please?
14. There are many________(fox) in the picture.
15. I would like some apple________(juice). I am very thirsty.
Unit 7
用some和any表示数量
some 和any 的主要区别为：some和any都表示“一些” ,但是“some”用于肯定句,any用于否定句和疑问句. 例如：
There are some apples in the basket. 篮子里有一些苹果.
变成否定句：There are not any apples in the basket. 篮子里没有苹果.
变成疑问句：Are there any apples in the basket?篮子里有苹果吗?
特殊1：
some：希望得到肯定的答复.
Will you lend me some money?(=Please lend me some money. )
any：表任何或任何一个
Come any day you like.
特殊2：some和any后没有名词时，当做代名词，此外两者也可做副词.
Some of them are my students. 〔代名词〕
Is your mother any better?（副词）
特殊3：some还可以泛指一个物体
any 没有用在可数名词和不可数名词之分,只有many，much 才有修饰可数名词和不可数名词之分. any 常用在否定句和疑问句,但是有时候也用在肯定句中。some和any的用法我们知道,通常情况下,some用于肯定句,any用于疑问句以及否定句. 但在下列情况下,some和any 的用法不是这样.
1. some用于疑问句或否定中:
1)在否定疑问句中,表示问话人的肯定倾向和对否定的惊讶和怀疑. 如:Don't you have some new books?You have some new books，don't you?你难道连几本新书都没有吗. (在问话人心目中,"you"是有新书的,如今听说没有,因而表示惊讶和怀疑)
2)一般疑问句中,表示问话人盼望得到肯定的答复. 如:-Can I have some apples?-Certainly!
3)表示建议. 如:What about some fruit juice. 喝点儿果汁怎么样.
2. any用于肯定句中:
1)表示三个或三个以上的人或事物中的一个.
如:You may take any one of these books. 你可以随便拿一本书. He studies harder than any of his classmates. (=He studies harder than any other students in his class. )他比班上任何一个学生都努力.
2)作"任何,无论谁"解.
如:Any of them will do. 他们中间的谁都行. Any of them can tell you. 他们无论谁都能告诉你.
1. -Would you like ______ milk?
- Thanks, but I am full.
A. some
B. any
C. much
D. many
2. The two fishermen saw ______ in the sky while they were fishing by a river.
A. something strange
B. anything strange
C. strange something
D. strange anything
3. Obey the traffic rules and protect yourselves. _______ is more important than life.
A. Anything
B. Nothing
C. Something
D. Everything
there be结构
“There be”后面可以跟名词或动名词
在“There be +主语+状语"的句型中, 作主语的名词一般是非限定的,常是泛指而不是特指, 故一般不用this, that, these, those 等词修饰, 修饰主语的一般应该是不定冠词、零冠词、基数词或a, an, some, any, no, several, many, much, a few, a little, another, a lot of, enough等非特指的词汇。例句:
There is a shop at the corner.
在拐角处有家商店。
There are two books on the desk.
课桌上有两本书。
There are many sheep bleating in the field.
田里有许多绵羊在叫。
There be引导的句子中, 谓语动词be的人称和数应该和它后面的主语(名词)保持一致, 当有两个或两个以上的名词作并列主语时, be的形式则和第一个名词保持一致(就近原则)。如:
There is a small river near the village.
村子附近有条小河。
There are two thousand students in our school.
我们学校有2000名学生。
There is a pen and two books on the desk.
课桌上有一枝钢笔。
There be 句型的转换
一般地说, There be 句型的基本转换还是比较容易掌握的, 关键要注意句型中名词的转换形式, 看下面的例句:
Are there any boats on the lake? (一般疑问句)
There are not any students in the classroom. (否定句)
—What's in the bag? (对主语提问的特殊疑问句)
—There are many oranges in it.
总结：否定句式：Be后加not
一般疑问句：动词Be提前+there. . . . . .?（原句中如有some，应改为any. ）
回答：Yes, there Be. No, there Be not.
There be 结构和have的区别与联系
1. 区别点：there be 意为存在，强调某地有某物，不表示所属关系；have 表示所有关系，强调某人或某地有某物，这是其基本用法。
如：There are some trees in front of the house. 房前有些树。
Tom has many friends in China. 汤姆在中国有许多朋友。
2. 相同点：在表示结构上的含有时，既可以用there be 句型，也可以用have（has）来表示。如：
中国有许多长河。
There are many long rivers in China.
China has many long rivers.
三月份有多少天？
How many days are there in March?
How many days has March?
一、句型转换
1. There is a computer in my house.
(一般疑问句) ________ ________ a computer in ________ house?
2. There are some flowers on the teachers’ desk.
(一般疑问句) _________ ________ _________ flowers on the teachers’ desk? 3. There are some apples on the tree.
(否定式) There ________ _________ ________ apples on the tree.
4. There aren’t any pears in the box.
(同义句) There are _________ pears in the box.
5. There are fifty students in my class.
(对划线部分提问) ________ __________ students are there in your class? 6. These are cars. (用buses改写成选择疑问句) Are these cars__________ __________?
7. Two boys are in our house.
(改为there be句型) __________ __________ two boys in our house.
二、选择
1. The students expected there ________ more reviewing classes before the final exam.
A. be
B. being
C. have been
D. to be
2. There _________ no fresh drinking water and no good farm land, it was not a comfortable place in which to live.
A. be
B. was
C. were
D. being
3. Where _________ dirt, there are flies.
A. there has
B. is
C. there is
D. has there
4. There _________ an English teacher and 40 students in the classroom.
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. being
5. There_______ some water in the cup.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. be
6. ______there enough good news in today's newspaper?
A. Is
B. Are
C. Were
D. Was
7. How many people ______in your family
A. do you have
B. are there
C. you had
D. there are
8. There _______ an apple and ten bananas in the basket. You can take any of them.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. have
9. How many teachers______there in your school
A. is
B. are
C. have
D. has
10. There______an apple tree near the river
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. be
11. There______ a talk about American country music in our school tonight A. will have B. is going to have C. is going to has D. will be
12. There ______anything new in today's newspaper.
A. isn't
B. aren't
C. hasn't
D. haven't
13. There______sheep in the field
A. is small
B. are much
C. are a few
D. are a little 14. There are ______in the field. They are eating grass
A. a horse
B. much horse
C. many horse
D. many horses
15. There ______many trees here two years ago.
A. was
B. is
C. are
D. were
16. ______? There are five.
A. How many boxes on the table
B. What are those
C. What's this
D. How many boxes are there on the table
17. ______on the table.
A. The pen is
B. There is the pen
C. Pen is
D. There has a pen
Unit 8现在进行时
谓语的动词用来表示动作（情况）发生时间的各种形式称为时态。一般由look,listen,now, at this moment等时间状语做标志。
现在进行时表示：
1、现在（说话的瞬间）正在进行或发生的动作，强调―此时此刻。
例：He is reading.
They are talking now.
2、当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行的动作。
例：They are working these days.
3、某些动词的现在进行时，表预定的计划或即将发生的动作。
例：I am coming.
动词加-ing的变化规则
（1）一般情况下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking
（2）以不发音的e结尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting
（3）如果末尾是一个元音字母和一个辅音字母，双写末尾的辅音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping sit-sitting get-getting run-running forget-forgetting begin-beginning （4）以ie结尾的动词，改ie为y加ing ，die--dying lie--lying 时间状语：now, look, listen，It’s …o’clck,
没有进行时的动词表示状态、思想、感情和感觉的动词不能表示正在进行的动作，因此一般不能用进行时。
1 表示感觉的感官动词例如：see （看见）、hear （听见）、notice （留意）等动词。我们
不能说：
（×）I'm hearing the sound.
（О）I hear the sound. 我听见声音。
（×）Are you hearing the noise of a plane？
（Ｏ）Do you hear the noise of a plane？
你听到飞机的声音吗？
但是，如果hear 不表示“听见”的意思时，可用进行时。They are hearing an English lecture. 他们在听一个英语讲座。
2 表示态度和感情、心理状态、继续等意思的动词如：like （喜欢）、love （爱）、know （知道）、want （需要）、hope （希望）、hate （恨）、think （认为）、agree （同意）、believe （相信）等。
（×）I'm liking dogs.
（Ｏ）I like dogs. 我喜欢狗。
3 have （has）当“拥有”讲时
（×）I'm having a lot of books.
（Ｏ）I have a lot of books. 我有许多书本。
但当have（has）当“吃饭、开会??玩得愉快??”等意思时，可用进行时。
We are having a good time. 我们玩得很愉快。
一、写出下列动词的现在分词：
play________ run________ swim________ make________ go________
study________ write_______ read________ have________ sing________
dance________ put________ see________ buy________ eat________ live________ take________ come________ get________ stop________
sit________ begin________ shop________ chat________ rain________
二、用所给的动词的正确形式填空：
1. The boy ________ ( draw)a picture now.
2. Listen !Some girls ________ ( sing)in the classroom.
3. My mother __________ ( cook )some nice food now.
4. What _____ you ______ ( do ) now?
5. Look! They _________( have) an English lesson.
6. They ________(not ,water) the flowers now.
7. Look! the girls ________________(dance )in the classroom.
8. What is our son doing? She ______ (listen) to music.
9. It’s 5 o’clock now. We _____________(have)supper now.
10. —______Helen____________(wash )clothes?
—Yes, she is.
现在进行时的基本用法
1 表示说话时正在进行的动作常和now 连用，有时用一个动词如look （看）、listen （听）来表示now （现在）这一时间概念。
Look ！A train is coming. 看！火车来了
Listen ！He is playing the piano. 听！他在弹钢琴。
2 表示现阶段正在进行着的动作，但不一定是说话时正在进行。常和at present （目前）、this
week （本周）、these days （这几天）等时间状语连用。
What lesson are you studying this week ？
你们本周学哪一课了？（说话时并不在学）
3 现在进行时有时可用来表示一个在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作即是说可以用来代替将来时，但此时，一般要与表示将来的时间状语连用，而且仅限于少量动词。如：go （去）、come （来）、leave （离开）、start （开始）、arrive （到达）、return （返回）、sleep （睡觉）、
Are you going to Tianjing tomorrow ？你明天去天津吗？
How many of you are Coming to the party next week ？你们有多少人下周要来参加晚会？
4 be going to+动词原形这一句型表示即将发生的事或打算（准备）做的事，我们把它归在将来时里了。
she isn't going to speak at the meeting. 她不打算在会议上发言。
现在进行时句型
一、进行时的肯定句、否定句
肯定句构成是：主语+be 动词+现在分词～.
I am watching TV now. 我正在看电视。
句型：主语+be （am ，is ，are ）+现在分词～.
第一人称单数I am 第三人称单数He, She, It is 第二人称单数You 所有人称的复数You, We, They are Look ！Nancy is doing her homework 看！南希正在做作业。They are cleaning their classroom. 他们正在打扫他们的教室。
否定句
1 进行时的否定句She isn't reading now. 现在，她不是在看书。
He wasn't taking a bath. 他不是在洗澡。
句型：主语+be not+现在分词～. am is are注意be 动词+not 常用缩略式。isn't =is not aren't =are not
二、进行时的一般疑问句
Are they playing tennis now ？
现在，他们正在打网球吗？
句型：Be 动词+主语+现在分词～？
现在进行时：Is （Are ）+主语+现在分词～？
回答：
Is she still helping Li Ling ？她还在帮助李铃吗？
Yes ，she is. 是的。
No ，she isn't. 不，她没在帮李铃。
Look ！Is a bird flying in the sky ？
看，天空中有鸟在飞吗？
Yes, it is. 是的。
No, it isn't. 不，没有鸟在飞。
三、进行时的特殊疑问句
What are you doing now ？
你现在正在干什么？
I'm studying.
我在学习。
句型：特殊疑问词+be 动词+主语+现在分词～？
疑问词+is ，are+主语+现在分词～？
What are you studying ？
你在学什么？
l'm studying English. 我在学英语。
注意对主语提问的特殊疑问句。
Nancy is singing. （主语）南希在唱歌。
Who is singing ？
（主语）谁在唱歌？
回答：Nancy is.
一、单项选择
1. Look! He ________their mother do the housework.
A. is helping
B. are help
C. is help
D. is helpping
2. _______are the boys doing? They are singing in the room.
A. Who
B. How
C. What
D. Where
3. Don‘t talk here. My mother ________.
A. is sleeping
B. are sleeping
C. sleeping
D. sleep
4. Danny ________. Don‘t call him.
A. is writeing
B. is writing
C. writing
D. writes
5. —When ________ he ________back?
—Sorry, I don‘t know.
A. does, come
B. are，coming
C. is，come
D. is，coming
二、句型转换
1. They are doing housework.
一般疑问句：___________________________________________
否定句：______________________________________________
2．The students are cleaning the classroom.
一般疑问句：___________________________________________
肯定回答：____________________________________________
否定回答：____________________________________________
3．I’m playing the football in the playground.
(对划线部分进行提问)_______________________________________ 4．Tom is reading books in his study.
(对划线部分进行提问)_______________________________________
5. The boy is playing basketball.
否定句：_______________________________________________
一般疑问句：___________________________________________
肯定回答：_____________________________________________
否定回答：_____________________________________________________ 对“is playing basketball”提问：______________________________
对“The boy”提问：___________________________________________ 2. They are singing in the classroom.
否定句：______________________________________________________
定语从句 一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。 3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。 4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类： 关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法
2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.
育英二外小学英语语法大全 第一章名词 一、定义 名词是表示人或事物名称的词。它既可以表示具体的东西，也可以是表示抽象的东西。 二、分类 1.名词可以根据意义分为普通名词和专有名词 如：john is a student student是普通名词，john是专有名词 普通名词前可以用不定冠词a/an,定冠词the或不加冠词，专有名词前一般不加冠词，专有名词的首字母要大写。 2.普通名词又可以分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词，其中个体名词与集体名词是可数名词，物质名词和抽象名称是不可数名词。 3.专有名词 专有名词是表示人名、地名、团体、机构、组织等的专有名词，多为独一无二的事物。 三、名词的数 1、名词分为可数名词和不可数名词。 可数名词——可以数的名词 不可数名词——数不清（没有复数） drink?milk tea water orange juice coke coffee porridge food?rice bread meat fish fruit cake dumplings 2、可数名词与不定冠词a(an)连用有数数形式，不可数名词不能与不定冠词a(an)连用，没有复数形式 many+可数名词复数 much/a little+不可数名词 some,any,a lot of(lots of)两者都可以修饰。 3、可数名词可以直接用数词来修饰 不可数名词数词+量词+of+名词 对可数名词的数量提问用how many 对不可数名词的数量提问用how much 4、不可数名词的量有以下两种表示方法： 1）some,much,a little,a lot of,a bit of,plenty of用等表示多少。
高中英语学习材料 madeofjingetieji 【语法专项复习】 在英语句子中，不同时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，要使用不同的动词形式，这一点和汉语不同，这种谓语动词的变化形式，称之为时态。现将本模块我们所学的时态总结如下，包括：现在完成时，现在完成进行时，过去完成时，将来进行时，过去将来时等。 一、现在完成时 1.动词形式: 现在完成时由助动词have (has) + 动词过去分词构成,即have/has done。 2.现在完成时的基本用法 1)表示过去某时所发生的动作或事情对现在的影响。动作已经完成，但从结果看，又着眼于现在。而常和以下表示不确定时间的状语连用：yet(用于否定句), already(用于肯定句), before, recently, lately, ever, never, just, 等等。现在完成时不能和表示具体的过去时间的状语(如yesterday, last year, in 1999等)连用，与具体的时间连用，用一般过去时。 e.g. Phillip has lost all his money. (菲利浦失去了他所的钱。) 1. I_______from my parents recently. (hear from) (最近我没有收到父母的来信。) 2.Joan _______ reading my essay yet. (finish) (琼还没读完我的论文。) 3.______ you _______your supper yet? (have) (你吃过晚饭了吗？ 4. I _______________such a moving film. (我从来没看过这么有趣的电影。) 2)表是重复的动作，通常与once, twice, many times,等等连用. e.g. Some villagers say that they have seen UFOs many times. 3)表示动作或状态开始于过去某一时间，持续到现在，并且有延续下去的趋势。常和表示一段时间的状语连用：since, for, for a long time, up till now, up to now, so far, for the past (last) few years, these days (months, years)等。 e.g. Bogart has worked here for about five years. (布加特已在这儿工作五年了。) 5. Up till now, Grace ___________ no news from her parents. (迄今为止，格雷丝尚未收到父母的消息。(receive) 6. Nancy___________ for four years. (away)(兰西已经离开四年了。) 3)现在完成时常用于下列句型： (1) It is the first time(day …)… that+(现在完成时) (2) It is the best … that…(现在完成时) 7.It is the first time I_________ here. (be) (我是第一次来这儿。) 8. It is the best film I______________. (see) (这是我看过的最好的一部电影。) 9. It was the best film that I _________________. (see) 注：1)表示“到哪里去过”要用have (has) been to，表示“去什么地方了，尚未回来”用have(has) gone to。 I have been to Paris several times. (我去过巴黎好几次。) (人已回来了) Mary has gone to New York. (玛丽到纽约去了。) (玛丽人在去纽约的路上或在纽约) 2)瞬间动词用于完成时态时不能跟表示一段时间的状语。例如，我们要表达“他的祖父去世好几年了。”不能说：His grandfather has died for several years.(×)而应该说：His grandfather has bee dead for several years. (√) 或者：His grandfather died several years ago. (√) 或者：It is/ has been several years since his grandfather died. (√) 再如，我们不能用He has joined the army for three years.来表达“他参军三年了。”而应说：
牛津译林版高一英语高频知识点总结 重点句型 1．“So + be／have／助动词／情态动词＋主词”的结构。此结构中的语序是倒装的，“So”代替上句中的某个成分。如果上面一句是否定句，则使用“Neither/Nor+be/have/助动词/情态动词+主语”的结构。 例如He’s tired，and so am I．(＝I’ m also tired．) You can swim，and so can I．(＝I can also swim．) She has had supper，and so can I．(＝I’ve had lunch，too．) Tom speaks English，and so does his sister．(＝His sister speaks English，too．) A: I went to the park yesterday． B: So did I．(＝I also went to the park yesterday．) 2．“So +主语+be／have／助动词／情态动词”结构中的主谓是正常语序，so相当于indeed,certainly,表示说话人对前面或对方所说情况的肯定、赞同或证实，语气较强，意思是“确实如此”。 例如 A：It was cold yesterday．昨天很冷。B：So it was．的确如此。(＝Yes，it was．) A：You seem to like sports．B：So I do．(＝Yes，I do．) A：It will be fine tomorrow．B：So it will．(＝Yes ，it will．) 3．“主语+do/does/did + so”结构指的是按上句的要求做了。此句型中do so代替上文中要求做的事，以免重复。 My Chinese teacher told me to hand in my composition on time and I did so.(=I han ded in my composition on time.) 语文老师叫我按时交作文, 我照办了。 4．So it is with…或 It is the same with…句型表示“……(的情况)也是如此。”当前面的句子中有几种不同形式的谓语时，要表示相同情况，必须使用本句型，不能使用so 引起的倒装句。 She doesn’t play the piano, but she likes singing. So it is with my sister. 5、There you are. 行了，好。 这是一句表示一种事情告一段落或有了最终结果的用语。如：
4B U1-U8知识点整理 Tips：划横线为必背内容,加粗字体为重要知识点,★能力题选背。 Unit1 Our school subjects语法考点 1.问学科：what 问课what ; 如：What do you like? 你喜欢什么学科？ 如：What do you have this term(学期)? 如：What do you have? 2. 学科类名词首字母要; 如：科学;语文 3. 评价某个学科有趣用It's ; 4. 今天早上用morning; 早上用morning; 5. 操场前面要加; 如去操场; 6. 多个学科并列时要用逗号隔开（不能用顿号），最后两个单词之间要用连接; Unit2 After school语法考点 1. 星期考点 ①星期一到星期天分别是(拼写)：星期一;星期二;星期三; 星期四;星期五;星期六;星期天; ②英语中，一个星期的第一天是; 如is the first(第一) day of a week(一周). is the (第二) day of a week(一周) ③在星期几前面的介词用;; 在星期几的上午在星期后加在星期几的下午在星期后加; 如：在星期天上午 ④对星期几提问特殊疑问词用; 2. It's time for / to考点（是时候做...） It's time for. I It’s time to 3. some、any 考点 ①some在部分疑问句和否定句中要改为 ②用于征求对方意见并且希望得到肯定答复的时候，some无须改为any;总结为以下3种情况 (1)Would you like some ... ? (2)What/How about some ... ? (3)Can I have some ...? (详见U7语法考点) 4. like考点 ①like后接可数名词要用复数形式; 如：like mangoes ②like后接动词时要用动词ing形式; 如：like playing basketball Unit3 My day语法考点 1. 时间介词in, on,at 的考点 in考点 ①四季前介词用in, 如：in spring ②in还可以表示在“某段时间内”，如：在早晨in the morning 在下午in the afternoon 在晚上in the evening on考点 ①在星期几前介词用on ,如on Sunday, on Monday ②在星期几的上午/下午/晚上用：on + 星期几+ 上午/下午/晚上 如：on Saturday morning 在星期六早上 ③在晴朗的一天介词用on, 如：on a sunny day 在晴朗的一天 at考点 ①在“几点”前介词用at, 如：at seven thirty ②固定搭配:at night 在夜里 2. 两种问时间的表达法：What time is it (now)? = What’s the time? (现在)几点了？ 回答统一用：It's + 几点 3. When考点 When 询问的是时间范围回答一般用at; 如：—你早上什么时候吃早饭？When do you have breakfast in the morning? —我在八点半吃早饭。I have breakfast at eight thirty. 注：含有When的疑问句回答必须用at + 时间，不能用It's + 时间 4. 中英文时间表达差异性：通常中文中的时间在前面，翻译为“我在什么时间做什么事。” 而英语中时间放在句末，且小时间在前，大时间在后，如：I get up at six thirty in the morning. 5. 时间表达法 ①整点表达法：数字+ o’clock; o’clock也可省略; ②非整点表达法：按从左到右的顺序，依次先说小时数，再说分钟数。 如：11：05 eleven five ★能力题：时间表达法： (1)分钟数< 30分钟结构：分钟数+ past(超过) + 小时数即几点超过几分 如：3:20 twenty past two (2)分钟数> 30分钟结构：分钟数+ to(差) + 小时数即几点差几分 如：1:55 two to two 6. 动词原形的考点 ①can / can’t + 动词原形能/不能做... 如：He can skate. ②want to + 动词原形想要做... 如：I want to swim. ③don’t + 动词原形不要... 如：Don’t shout. ④let’s + 动词原形让我们... 如：Let’s draw pictures.
语法及练习 1 be 动词 Be 动词的用法： (1)Am--was Is --was Are--were 口诀：我用am, 你用are, is 用在他她它，复数全用are。 (2)肯定和否定句I am (not) from London. He is(not) a teacher. She is(not) in the dining room. My hair is(not) long. Her eyes are(not) small. (3)一般疑问句Am I a Chinese? Yes, you are. No, you aren ' t. Are they American? Yes, they are. No, they aren ' t. Is the cat fat? Yes, it is. No, it isn ' t. 用恰当的be 动词填空。 1.I ____ a boy. ___ you a boy? No, I _ not. 2.The girl ___ Jack's sister. 3.The dog ______ tall and fat. 4.The man with big eyes ___ a teacher. 5.____ your brother in the classroom? 6.Where ___ your mother? She ____ at home. 7.How _______ your father? 8.Mike and Liu Tao ___ at school. 9.Whose dress ____ this? 10.Whose socks _____ they? 11.That _____ my red skirt. 12.Who ______ I? 13.____________ The jeans on the desk. 14.Here _____ a scarf for you. 15.Here _____ some sweaters for you. 16.The black gloves __ for Su Yang. 17.This pair of gloves _ for Yang Ling. 18.The two cups of milk for me. 19.Some tea ____ in the glass. 20.Gao shan's shirt __ over there. 21.My sister's name __ Nancy. 22.This ___ not Wang Fang's pencil. 23.____ David and Helen from England? 24.There ____ a girl in the room. 25.There ____ some apples on the tree. 26._____ there any kites in the classroom? 27._____ there any apple juice in the bottle? 28.There _____ some bread on the plate. 29.There _____ a boy, two girls, three men and ten women in the park.
淮安市范集中学高一年级英语学科作业 班级________学号_________姓名__________得分________编号_001__ 单项填空 1. He is old, so his son will _________ the farm. A. take charge of B. in charge of C. charge D. be in the charge of 2. Hay, I _________ to meet you here. How long have you been here? A. don’t expect B didn’t expect C. haven’t expect D. wouldn’t expect 3. I _________ you, but I was busy all the time yesterday afternoon. A. could help B. had helped C. helped D. could have helped 4. As ________ , they were waiting for us at the airport. A. plan B. planning C. being planned D. planned 5. The murderer stood before the policeman, his hands ________ on his back, trembling. A. tie B. tied C. tying D. to tie 6. She is not herself today, so she doesn’t feel like _______ food. A. eating B. to eat C. eats D. and eat 7. Though there are many beautiful dresses in the shop, yet none could ________ her. A. suit B. go with C. match D. meet 8. Many things were stolen and the theft _________ unreported. A. became B. left C. got D. went 9. She advised us _____ carefully in her class. A. listen B. listening C. to listen D. listened 10. Would you explain _____? A. the meaning to us B. us the meaning C. us to the meaning D. the meaning us 阅读理解 (A) BRITAIN is a popular tourist place. But tours of the country have pros and cons. Good news Free museums: No charge for outstanding collections of art and antiquities(古董). Pop music: Britain is the only country to rival(与……比敌)the US on this score. Black cabs: London taxi drivers know where they are going even if there are never enough of them at weekends or night. Choice of food: Visitors can find everything from Ethiopian to Swedish restaurants. Fashion: Not only do fashion junkies love deeply and respect highly brand names such as Vivienne Westwood, Alexander McQueen; street styles are justly loved, too. Bad news Poor service: “It’s part of the image of the place. People can dine out on the rudeness they have experienced,” says Professor Tony Seaton of Luton University’s International Tourism Research Center. Poor public transport: Trains and buses are promised to defeat the keenest tourists, although the over-crowded London tube is inexplicably(不可解的) popular. Lack of language: Speaking slowly and clearly may not get many foreign visitors very far, even in the tourist traps. Rain: Still in the number one complaint). No air-conditioning: So that even splendidly hot summer become as unbearable as the downpours. Overpriced hotels: The only European country with a higher rate of tax on hotel rooms is Denmark. Licensing hours: Alcohol is in short supply after 11 p.m. even in 24-hour cities. 11. What do tourists complain most? A. Poor service. B. Poor public transport. C. Rain. D. Overpriced hotels. 课题 M3U1 日 期 2010/02/22 主备人 许凤英 牛淮苏 审核人 孔翠平 书写评价
Unit1 The lion and the mouse mouse复数老鼠mice 鼠标mouses big，large区别 large：常指面积或范围大，有广阔和众多的含义，其反义词是small。large比较正式。 big：常指程度，规模，容积，重量，数量大，含有庞大、笨重的意思，还可表示“伟大，重要”之意，其反义词是little，big较为口语化 wake up：up是副词，不可后接代词，代词放中间，名称中间后面都可以放。 the next day 第二天，是指某个特定时间的后一天，既可指过去，也可指将来 tomorrow是指从今天向后的一天，即明天 some day 表示将来不确定的某一天，表示将来的时间状语，因此时态用一般将来时 just then 就在那时，表示过去的时间状语，因此时态用一般过去时 from then on 从那时起，表示过去的时间状语，因此时态用一般过去时 from now on 从今往后，表示将来的时间状语，因此时态用一般将来时 副词接在动词后面speak loudly 形容词接在名词前面或be动词后面作表语the old man walk by走过路过let...go 释放放开pour...into把......倒入 in the forest 在森林里large and strong又大又壮so small and weak这么小和弱 let sb. do 让某人干某事well done 干得好get out from the net破网而出 become friends变成朋友cheer for...为...而欢呼be good at ...=do well in...擅长 in the ground在地上in the hole在洞里 look sad看起来伤心with his teeth 用他的牙齿catch(caught)...with用...捉住... have an idea有一个主意（想法）have a good(bad) idea 反义词strong 与weak(同音词week) bite过去式bit hit过去式hit unit2 good habits 宾语补足语:英语中，有些及物动词后接宾语时，还需要加一个词或短语来补充说明宾语的情况，这样的词或短语叫做宾语补足语。可以作宾语补足语的有名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、动词不定式V-ed形式或V-ing形式等。He keeps his room clean and tidy 他保持房间既干净又整洁 get up early起床早go to bed late 睡觉迟finish his homework 完成他的家庭作业brush one’s teeth 刷牙run through 跑过put…in order把……整理得井井有条 come to see her 过来看她go into=enter走进many good(bad) habits 许多好(坏)的习惯 be late for...做...迟到be bad for...对...有害know……well 对……非常了解 show sb.around带领某人参观last night=yesterday evening l isten to his teachers听他老师的话 反义词late与early finish与start(begin) messy与tidy(clean) fast与slow(ly) before与after unit3 a healthy diet 可数与不可数名词的常用修饰词： 一、修饰可数名词：these, those, few, many, a good [great] many, a great [good/ large] number of，scores of, dozens of 二、修饰不可数名词：this, that, little, a bit of, much, a great deal of, a great [ large] amount of 等： 三、可以同时修饰可数不可数名词：如all, some, enough, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a (large) quantity of 等： only位置实义动词前，其它动词后
同学们，小学阶段我们共学习了四种时态，现将这四种时态归纳总结如下： 一、一般现在时 标志词：always ，usually，often，sometimes，never，every 一般现在时的动词只有第三人称有词形变化 其他人称（第一人称：I, we；第二人称：you；第三人称复数：they、my friends）动词均用原形 当主语是第三人称单数时，一般动词在一般现在时句子中的变化规律： 1、多数在动词后加s如：play—plays like—likes , 2、以s，x，sh，ch，o结尾的动词加es如：wash–washes catch –catches do–does 3、以辅音字母加y结尾，把y改i再加es如：fly—flies study —studies 4、以元音字母加y结尾，直接加s 如：buy –buys 5、不规则变化如：have—has 一般现在时基本用法 1.表示事物或人物的特征、状态。 如：The sky is blue.天空是蓝色的。 2.表示经常性或习惯性的动作。 如：I get up at six every day.我每天六点起床。 3.表示客观现实。 如：The earth goes around the sun.地球绕着太阳转。 构成 1.be动词：主语+be(am,is,are)+其它。 如：I am a boy.我是一个男孩。 2.行为动词：主语+行为动词(+其它)。 如：We study English.我们学习英语。 句型： 肯定句：A.be动词：主语+ be + 其它成分如：He is a worker. B.行为动词：主语+动词(注意人称变化) +其它成分如：We like the little cat.
英语任务型阅读专项训练 任务型阅读解题策略: 1．略读。理解文章大意是做题的第一步，也是关键的一步。因此，要快速浏览全文，尤其是每段的第一句话，即Topic sentence和首尾段落，理清文章的写作思路和基本结构，以便加深对文章内容的了解。同时文章的结构往往也是很重要的设题线索。表格项目可能就是根据文章的结构而设计的。只有读懂了文章，才能顺利地在表格中填出相应的信息。 2．扫读。扫读图表，分析表格结构，理清其显示的层次关系，准确定位其考察要求。要特别注意表格前的小标题，它通常就是段落和表格的主题句。读懂了表格标题有助于理解短文及表格的大意，了解表格结构和题目的设置。如捕捉信息题可以去文中查读，其他问题则需要对信息进行加工处理。一般题目的结构是：①全文的标题在标题中缺少一个关键词，根据文章填出所缺的关键词。②各段大意试题中给出各段大意，在给出的信息中缺少一些关键内容，学生把文章的各段对应起来，找准信息。③对各段大意的详细的阐述从文章各段或分散在全文的对应的信息点出发，这要求学生有高度驾驭语篇的能力，在文章中找到准确的信息完成填空。 3．精读。深入理解文章内容，精读与空格中要填的信息有关的文段，寻找确定答案的关键词语，或从文中进行概括，同时仔细斟酌用词，确保填的是最恰当词的最恰当形式。如填写时要注意所填单词的结构和形式，看是否与表格中所给的格式相同，同时注意单词的拼写、短语的搭配、所填词汇的词性、所填单词是否符合题目要求，还要注意字母的大小写。 4. 复查。通观全篇文章，务必再仔细核对文章和任务，确保准确性。 ★归纳概括的注意事项有：（1）大小写（2）单复数（3）搭配 掌握常见的归纳概括词语: （1）赞成和反对的理由pros and cons （2) 优劣 advantages,disadvantages (3) 异同 similarities, differences (4) 建议 suggestions, tips, advice (5) 态度、观点 attitudes to/towards, opinion of (6) 简介某个现象或问题 brief/general introduction, phenomenon(phenomena), problem(s) (一) 请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后图表中的空格里填入最恰当的单词。 注意：每空不超过1个单词。 Oh, the things that I should see if I had the power of sight for just three days! The fast day would be a busy one. I should call to me all my dear friends and look long into their faces, imprinting(刻上) upon my mind the outward evidences of the beauty that is within them, I should let my eyes rest, too, on the face of a baby, so that I could Catch a vision of the eager, innocent beauty which precedes the individual's consciousness of the conflicts which life develops. And I should like to look into the loyal, trusting eyes of my dogs--the serious, clever little Scottie, Darkie, and the strong, understanding Great Dane, Helga, whose warm, tender, and playful friendships are so comforting to me. On that busy first day I should also view the small simple things of my home. I want to see the warm colors in the carpets under my feet, the pictures on the walls, the lovely small furniture that transforms a house into home. My eyes would rest respectfully on the books in dot-raised type which I have read, but they would be more eagerly interested in the printed books which seeing people can read, for during the long night of my life the books I have read and those which have been read to me have built themselves into a great shining lighthouse, showing me the deepest channels of human life and the human spirit. In the afternoon of that first seeing day, I should take a long walk in the woods and intoxicate (使陶醉) my eyes on the beauties of the world of Nature trying desperately to absorb in a few hours the vast brilliance which is presenting itself to those who can see. On the way home from my woodland trip, my path would lie close to a farm so that I might see the patient horses ploughing in the field and the peaceful content of men living close to the soil. And I should pray for the glory of a colorful sunset. When dusk had fallen, I should experience the double delight of being able to see by artificial light which the genius of man has created to extend the power of his sight when Nature brings darkness. In the night of that first day of sight, I should not be able to sleep, so full would be my mind of the memories of the day!