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英汉核电站分类词汇

英汉核电站分类词汇

二0一一年八月

目录

一、规范及标准 (3)

1.技术文件名称 (3)

2.规范及标准用语 (4)

二、系统及设备名称 (5)

1.一回路系统(主、辅) (5)

2.主系统设备 (7)

3.主系统设备的重要部件 (7)

(1).反应堆容器(压力壳) (7)

(2).蒸汽发生器 (8)

(3).堆内构件 (10)

(4).燃料组件及燃料 (10)

(5).稳压器及卸压箱 (11)

4.辅助设备 (11)

(1).阀门 (11)

(2).管道和管件 (12)

(3).容器和离子交换 (13)

(4).热交换器 (14)

(5).其它 (14)

三、运行及安全分析 (15)

1.运行、操作 (15)

2.安全分析 (16)

四、机械设备的材料、制造及检修 (18)

1.材料 (18)

2.检验方法及应用 (18)

3.缺陷名称 (19)

4.焊接及加工 (20)

五、力学及强度 (21)

六、物理,剂量及屏蔽 (22)

七、电气及控制 (22)

八、土建,结构及公用设施 (23)

1.土建 (23)

2.结构 (24)

3.给排水 (24)

4.暖通 (25)

一、规范及标准

1.技术文件名称

applicab le document 适用文件ap p l ie d d o c u me n t 应用文件ac tiv e 能动(的)active component 能动设备(或部件)allo wanc e 裕量(一般指尺寸、加工)ap p ro ve 批准;审定;审核a u d i t审计code 规范(如AS ME);程序(如计算机)code of Federal Regulation 联邦管理法规code of practic e 实施法规(IAEA)code case 法规案例(AS ME) criterion (criteria) 准则conc eptua l d es ign 方案设计certificatio n (合格)证(明)书check 校对;校核customer(us er) 使用单位(用户)detail des ign 施工设计divis io n 篇d ive rs ity 多样性evaluatio n评定;评价,评估;计算ergo no mics 人类工程学f in a l d es ig n 施工设计guid e 导则guide drawing 指导图instruc tio n 说明书id entific atio n 鉴定;鉴别;标志inactive 非能动(的);非活性的passive 非能动(的)insp ectio n 在役检查loc atio n 部位;位置;地点measure 措施;设施;测量manufacturer 承造厂;制造厂margin 裕量(一般物理、热工);裕度(不宜称余量)man ua l 手册;说明书

on s ite 现场observe 遵守;遵照preliminary des ign 初步设计program 大纲;规划;程序(计算机)p art 部分pub lic公众provis io n 预防;措施(或设施);条款prepare 编制;制订purchaser 订货单位;买方qualificatio n 评定(资格或质量);合格证明;资格审查rate 比率;流量;等;级rating 额定值;(额定)功率;特值regulating positio n (staff position) 管理机关观点revis e 校核;审核review 复核;评论s tand a rd标准(AS T M)single failure criteria 单一故障准则specificatio ns 技术条件;说明书;(设备)规格section(vo lume) 卷s ubs ec tio n 分卷s urve illa nc e 监督s it e厂址s it in g 选址to leranc e 公差;容差vend er 供货单位;卖方ver if ic atio n 验证working drawing 施工图2.规范及标准用语

acc id ent 事故barrier 屏障basis o f des ign 设计(或订货)依据c lass级category 类别chemic al(or mechanical) req uirement 化学或机械性能要求component 设备;部件commiss io ning 调试运行;投入运行;入役design bas is acc ident(or earthq uake) (DBA、DBE)设

计基准事故(或地震)是指LOC A+earthq uake

decommiss io ning 退役event 事件engineered safety features 专设安全设施failure 故障;事故;损坏functio n 功能;作用general req uirement 总要求bid 招标tender 投标grade 等(级)isolation 隔离interface 交接(处),相互关系item 项目,物件,物项item important to safety 安全重要事项normal operating conditions 正常运行工况outage 停役philosophy 主导思想;原理principle 原则;原理protection 保护;防护physical separation 实体分隔performance 性能rule 规则reference 基准;参考safeguard 保卫(防止人为破坏)shield 屏蔽separation 分隔supplementary(or additional) requirement 补充(附加)要求structure 建筑物;构筑物scheme 方案;原理图;流程图;简图

二、系统及设备名称

1.一回路系统(主、辅)

auxiliary feed water system 辅助给水系统auxiliary building 辅助厂房boron recycle (and water make-up ) system 硼回收系统;

硼回系统circuit 回路(热工、水力、电路)

cold leg 冷端chemical and volume control system(cvcs) 化学和容积控制

系统;化容系统component cooling (water) system(cos) 设备冷却水系统containment spray system 安全壳喷淋系统containment dehydrogen recombiner system 安全壳消氢系统containment isolation system 安全壳隔离系统containment reactor coolant drain system 安全壳疏排水系统chemical laboratory 化学分析室charging 上充;充注charging pump 上充泵containment building 安全壳厂房decontamination system 排污系统excess letdown 过量下泄fuel handling building 燃料装卸厂房gaseous waste system 废气处理系统hot leg 热端inlet 入口independence between redundant standby(on site) power sources and between their distribution 多重备用(就地)电源之间和他们的配电系统之间的独立性

liquid waste system 废液处理系统letdown 下泄loop 环路moderator 慢化剂nuclear island 核岛N S S S核蒸汽供应系统Outlet 出口shut down 停闭(电站);停堆(反应堆)preoperational testing of redundant on site electric power systems to verity power load group assignments 验证现场多重电力系统负荷适当分配的运行前试验

reactor coolant 反应堆冷却剂reactor coolant system (RCS) 反应堆冷却及系统;主系统reactor coolant pump (RCP) 反应堆冷却剂泵;主泵RCP seal water injection system 主泵轴封水系统(简称轴封系统)residual heat removal system (RHRS) 停堆冷却系统red undancy 多重度;冗余

removal from service 停役sampling system 取样系统spent fuel pool cooling (and treatment) system 乏燃料池冷却(净化)系统;乏燃料系统

shutdown cooling system 停冷系统(简称)spray ring 喷淋环管spent resin collection system 废树脂收集系统steam generator (SG) 蒸汽发生器S.G blow down system 蒸汽发生器排污系统steam dump system 主蒸汽排放系统safety class 安全等级safety class Ⅰ安全一级safety classification 安全分级scram 事故停堆safety injection system (SIS) 安全注射系统(简称安注系统)the primary circuit 一回路;主回路the primary system 一回路系统2.主系统设备

control rod drive mechanism (CRDM) 控制棒驱动机构containment liners 安全壳衬里in-core instrumentation 堆内测量pressurizer 稳压器pressure relief tank 卸压箱reactor pressure vessel (PV) 反应堆压力容器(简称压力壳)(不宜简称压力容器,以免与一般压力容器混淆)

reactor coolant pump (RCP) 主泵reactor coolant pipe 反应堆冷却剂管道reactor internals (RI) 堆内构件steam generator 蒸汽发生器source (or power) range 源(或功率)量程system integrity 系统完整性3.主系统设备的重要部件

(1).反应堆容器(压力壳)

c enter

d isc球冠closur

e head 顶盖;封头closure studs 顶盖螺丝

core shell 筒身段;筒体irradiation surveillance capsule 辐照监督管inlet and outlet of coolant 冷却剂入口和出口lifting device 吊具lower plenum 下腔室lower head ,bottom head 下封头lower core support structure 堆芯下部支承结构moderator 慢化剂nozzle belt 接管带nozzle support ring, nozzle shell course 接管段o-ring O形(密封)环positioning pin, alignment pin 定位销reactor cavity 反应堆堆腔reactor pit 反应堆堆坑stud tensioner (双头)螺栓拉伸器seal ring 密封环shipping skid 运输托架Support ledge 支承台肩(或凸耳)Support ring 支承台Thermal shield 热屏(蔽)(堆内构件)thermal barrier 热屏(主泵)upper plenum 上腔室upper head , top head 下封头upper core support structure 堆芯上部支撑结构vessel shell ring , vessel shell course 容器筒体段(2).蒸汽发生器

Anti-vibratio n bar 防振条(架) All volatile (water ) treatment (A VT) 全挥发(水)处理Broached hole 纹孔Channel head 水室(一回路封头) Chevron plate 波纹板Carryover (or entrainment) moisture 夹带水分Shroud 围筒; 套筒; 护环(汽轮机叶片) C rud泥渣Crevice corrosion 缝隙腐蚀Co rros io n inhib itio n 缓蚀剂Dry o ut 烧干

Down comer 下降通道Erosion 冲刷(腐蚀) Explosive plugging 爆炸堵管Egg crate grid 蛋框式(管子)支撑架Flow distribution baffle 流量分配挡板Flow distribution plate 流量分配板Fouling coefficient 污垢系数Feed water ring 给水环管Frottage 微振磨损Heat transfer tube 传热管Impurity concentration 杂质浓度Lattice, array 栅格(管棒布置) Lane block 夹道,堵塞块Magnetite 四氧化三铁Partitio n p late (水室)隔板Peening 喷丸(处理)Pitch 间距(管棒);节距(螺纹,齿轮)Pickling 酸洗Phosphate wastage 磷酸盐耗蚀Phosphate treatment 磷酸盐(水)处理Quarter fo il 四叶型Rolling or exp ans io n tube 胀管Roller expanded area 机械胀接区Steam or moisture separator 汽水分离器(一般指粗分离器)Swirl vane separator 旋叶式分离器;离心式分离器S team d rie r 细分离器;(蒸汽)干燥器Steam q uality 蒸汽干度S lud ge ,s lurry 淤渣,泥浆Slurry lanc ing 淤渣冲洗S c c应力腐蚀裂纹Secondary chemistry 二回路水质(处理)Tub e s heet 管板Trans itio n (co ne) (锥形)过渡段Trunnio n 吊耳;耳轴T ub e b und le 管束Tub e s uppo rt p late 管子支撑板T ub e t h in n in g 管壁减薄Tub e d enting 传热管压凹

T ub e p lu g(g in g)堵管u-t u b e U形传热管U-b end reg io n U形弯曲管Wrapper 一次侧接管S and b lasting 分隔板

A、primary side 一次侧

1)channel head 水室

2)tube s heet 管板

3)primary nozzle 一次侧接管

4)divider plate 分隔板

5)primary nozzle safe ends 一次侧接管安全端

B、secondary side 二次侧

1)shell (b arrels) 筒体

2)transition cone 过渡段(过渡锥体)

3)upper head 上封头

4)nozzles 接管

B、expansion 胀接

1)mec hanic al exp ans io n 机械胀接

2)hyd raulic exp ans io n 液压胀接

3)roller expans ion 滚胀

4)tac k e xp a ns io n 定位胀

5)full depth tube expansion 管子全深度胀接

(3).堆内构件

Anchor ring 固定环Core barrel 堆芯吊蓝Core baffle 堆芯围板Hold down spring 压紧弹簧Thimb le guid e tube 导向套管(堆内测量)(4).燃料组件及燃料

Clad , cladding (燃料棒)包壳;堆焊层(如control of stainless steel weld cladding of low-alloy steel components )Collapsing 倒塌End p lug 端塞Fuel assembly 燃料组件Fuel element 燃料棒(不宜称燃料元件,因概念不明确,亦不宜称燃料组件)

Fuel rod 燃料棒

F uel p ellet 燃料芯块Fuel cladding 燃料包壳(第13页缺失)

follower 随动器,随动件flaring and deflaring tool 扩口缩口工具(控制棒驱动机构内)lifting yoke 提升磁轭magnetic jack 磁力提升器pressure housing 承压(套)筒(或)壳protective sleeve 保护套筒rod withdrawal (or drop) 提(或落)棒rod travel housing 棒行程指示套管retainer s leeve 固定套;夹持套筒ro d po s itio n ind ic at in g s ys tem 棒位指示系统sp id er assemb ly 星形架;蛛状架stepp ing drive 步进驱动s tatio nary latc h 保持钩爪ventilation shroud 通风罩(控制棒驱动机构内)(5).稳压器及卸压箱

heating element 电加热器(棒)(不宜称“电热元件”)heater 加热器rupture d isc(membrane) 爆破盘(膜)skirt support 筒式支座(不宜称“裙座”)sprayer 喷雾器surge line 波动管4.辅助设备

(1).阀门

atmospheric steam dump 蒸汽向空排放阀ball value 球阀check (or non-return) valve 止回阀cock 旋塞阀containment isolation valve 安全壳隔离阀diaphragm valve 隔离阀expansion bellow 波纹管(膨胀节)gate valve 闸阀globe valve 截止阀gasket 垫片(密封用)

isolating valve 隔离阀need le valve 针阀open (or shut ) block 锁开(或关)pressure relief valve 卸压阀;释放阀pilot valve 导阀;副筏positioner 定位器;定位装置packing 填料(密封用)stop valve 切断阀safety valve 安全阀steam dump valve 蒸汽排放阀shim 调整垫片steam by-pass valve 蒸汽旁通阀steam relief valve 蒸汽释放阀safety valve 安全阀steam bubble 蒸汽腔valve disc 闸板(闸阀);阀盘(球阀)valve stem 阀杆valve seat 阀座valve bonnet 阀盖;阀帽(2).管道和管件

blind flange 盲板(法篮)crossover 跨接管filter 过滤器(一般指细过滤器)hanger (支)吊架heat insulation 保温,隔热heat tracing ( 管道)保温加热incoming line 内流管线installation of a fuel flow condensate polishing system

安装全流量冷凝水除盐系统

ins trument line 仪表管线line 小管道(设备上大管道用pipe)letdown orifice 下泄管线letdown crifice 下泄孔板outgoing line 外流管线pip ing 管道;管系pipe (line) 管道(管线)pipe whipping 管道甩动

pipe 管子(一般圆形的)restraint 阻位器;阻挡器strainer 粗过滤器(一般指网式的)spray line 喷雾管surge line 波动管steam line 蒸汽管sensing line 脉冲管steam header 蒸汽总管steam-feedwater line 蒸汽给水管seal water return line 轴封水回流管sprayer pipe 喷雾管tube 管子,传热管throttling orifice 节流孔板tube 管子(各种形状)(3).容器和离子交换

accumulator 安注箱anion bed 阴床batching 制备箱/计量箱chemical mixing tank 化学添加箱chemical additive tank 化学试剂箱concentrate tank 浓缩液箱condensate demineralizer 凝结水除盐装置condensate polisher 凝结水除盐装置cation bed 阳床demineralized water tank 除盐水箱deaerated (or deoxygenated) water tank 除氧水槽drain tank 疏水箱decontaminating tank 去污槽dosing tank 计量槽demineralizer 除盐装置;(水)软化器deborating demineralizer 除硼床free caustic 游离碱hydrazine 联氨N2H4 hold up tank 暂存箱monitor tank 检测槽make-up water tank 补水箱mud settler 澄清槽

Mixed bed 混床nitrogen blanked 氮气覆盖surge tank 波动箱(液体);缓冲罐(气体)storage tank 贮槽(箱)sump 地坑;排水坑tank 箱;槽;罐volume control tank 容积控制箱volume reduction 减容;缩容(4).热交换器

evaporator 蒸发器gas stripper 脱气塔gas stripped feed pump 脱气塔供料泵regenerative heat exchanger 再生热交换器(5).其它

anchor bolt 地脚螺栓adapter 接合器admixture 添加剂anti-reverse device 防倒转机构air vent 放气booster pump 升压泵breathe pipe 呼吸气管controlled leakage 微漏;控制泄漏(柔轴密封)cartridge 滤芯diffuser 导叶(柔)eyebolt 吊环(螺栓)flame arrester 阻火器hood 通风柜header manifold 母管;联箱hanger 吊架muff joint 套管(筒)接头net positive suction head (HPSH) 净正吸入压头;汽蚀裕量positive displacement pump 正排量泵plunger 柱塞(泵)polar crane 环形吊车resin eductor 树脂喷射器screening 筛(选)skimming 撇(去表面浮)渣

shut off head 关闭扬程spool (piece) 短轴(段)(主泵更换密封用)support 支架turning gear (or barring gear) 盘车装置vent drain pot 排气盒volute 蜗壳(泵)wet layup 湿保养dry layup 干保养三、运行及安全分析

1.运行、操作

availab ility 利用率actuatio n 触发acceptance run 验收试运burn-up 燃耗condition 工况、状态、条件critical heat flux 临界热负荷、临界热流量control band 调节带cold shutdown 冷停堆continuous duty(motor ) 连续运行(电动机)coolant flow coast down 冷却剂流量惯性下降deviatio n 偏离,偏差detect 探测d yn amic o ve rr at in g 动态超调departure from nucleate boiling rate(DNBR)

烧毁比、偏离泡核沸腾通量比

frequency 频率(电波、振动);频度(事故)feedback 反馈hot shutdown 热停堆heat sink 热阱inventory 装(载)量inactive loop 不工作环路idle operation 空载运行load 负荷(热、电);负载(力学)load following 负荷跟踪limit 限值(参数);限制(状态)loose part 松动零件

load rejection 甩负荷monitoring 监测operation mode 运行方式operator 操作者offset 偏移over pressure relief 超压释放perturbation 扰动pressure retaining boundary 承压边界power peaking factor 功率不平均系数;功率峰值因子p lant s hutdo wn 电站停闭regime 工况s tate 状态;工况s urge 波动shutdown margin 停堆深度(或裕量)thres ho ld阈(值)transient condition 瞬态工况;动态工况to ac tuate reac to r trip启堆tripped open set point 快速打开整定点vo id reac tivity 空泡反应性2.安全分析

as low as reasonably achievable(ALARA) 尽可能合理地少(或低)accident,incident 事故anticipated operational occurrence 预期运行(偶发)事件burn out 烧毁(燃料)blowdown 喷放,排double-ended break accident 管道双端破裂事故damage 损坏,损伤divers ity 多样性DBA(d es ig n b as is ac c id e nt) 设计基准事故event,occurance 事件core reflood 堆芯再淹没emergency core cooling system 应急堆芯冷却系统fau lt 事故,故障failure 故障,损坏,损伤flood 淹没(堆芯电加热器);洪水泛滥(用于安全分析)fuel mispositioning accident 燃料(组件)错位事故guills tine r up ture 切断,破裂

hypothetic acc id ent 假想事故inadvertent (or accidental) depressurization 事故卸压incidents of moderate frequency 中等频率事故,一般事故(工况II)infrequent incidents 重大事故;稀有事故(工况III)loss of power (or supply) 断电loss of load 甩负荷loss of reactor coolant flow 反应堆冷却剂断流loss of coolant accident (LOCA) 失水事故limiting inc id ents 极限事故(工况Ⅳ) multiple failure 多重故障mismatching 失配;失调misoperation 误操作mock-up 全尺寸模型;1:1模型nomal operation 正常运行(工况Ⅰ) operationing transients 运行瞬态off-site power failure 厂外电源断电postulated initial event 假想始发事件power lump 功率骤降power excursion 功率(失控)激增pipe break (管道)破裂;断裂;破口pipe double end rupture 管道双端断裂projectile 飞射物postulated initiating event 假想始发事件reset 复位recriticality 重返临界return to power 重返功率rod ejec tion 弹棒rod stuck (in position) 卡棒rod uncontrolled withdrawal 失控提棒rod dropping 卡棒rod misalignment 控制棒失步load rejection capability 甩负荷能力redundancy 多重性;冗余度(电,控) RCP locked rotor 主泵转子卡位spurious operation (or action) 假信号动作;误动作SG tube rupture 蒸汽发生器传热管破裂SG tube damage 蒸汽发生器传热管损坏station block out 全厂断电

trip 事故停堆;脱扣(汽轮机);跳闸(电) uncontrolled boron dilution 硼(失控)稀释

四、机械设备的材料、制造及检修

1.材料

hardened steel 淬火钢heat(or ladle)analysis 熔炼(或炉前)分析killed steel 镇静钢、全脱氧钢auto clave 高压釜product (or check) analysis 产品(或校核)分析surface carburization 表面渗碳(处理)stress relief annealing 消除应力退火2.检验方法及应用

air tightness test 气密性试验couplant 偶合剂contraction (断面)收缩率dye penetrant test 着色(渗透)检验distance-grain-size curve (DGS) 距离幅度曲线examinatio n 检验elongatio n 延伸率fluorescent penetrating test 荧光(着色)检验flare test (管子)扩口试验flaw 缺陷grain size 晶粒度hydrostatic test; hydro test 水压试验ins p ec tio n 检查,检验inspector 检验师,检查员(一般指检查的工作人员)ind icatio n (缺陷)信号inc lus ion 夹杂物leak (or leakage) test 检漏试验liquid penetrant test (PT) 着色检验,液体渗透检验magnetic particle test(ing) (MT) 磁粉试验pseudo-defect (or false indication) 伪缺陷radiographic testing (RT) 射线检验reference block 对比试块;基准试块surface inspection 表面检验

straight (or angle) beam examination 直(或斜)束法检验scanning 扫描;扫查test coupon 试块tes t, tes ting 试验;检验ultrasonic test (UT) 超声(波)检验visual inspection 目视检验;外观检验volume inspection 全容积检验;深部检验3.缺陷名称

attack 侵蚀burn through 焊穿;烧穿blow hole (or gas pocket) 气孔;气泡corrosion 腐蚀crevice corrosion 缝隙腐蚀couple corrosion 电偶腐蚀cold shut 冷疤;冷隔deterioration 劣化dimple 凹坑; 凹痕erosion 冲刷腐蚀fret (frettage) (微振)磨损flake (or snow flake) 鳞片发裂general corrosion 均匀腐蚀全面腐蚀galling 擦伤磨损intergranular corrosion 晶间腐蚀lap折迭lamination 层迭夹层micro-crack(or micro-fissure ) 微裂纹porosity 多孔性孔隙率疏松度rip p le 焊波s trap inc lus io n 条状夹渣snake(or fish eye ) 白点spot defect 点状缺陷shrinkage(or shrink cavity) 缩孔transgranular corrosion 穿晶腐蚀underbead crack (焊接)热影响区裂缝;焊道下裂缝repair welding 补焊undercut 咬边uniform corrosion 均匀腐蚀

weld tab 焊舌4.焊接及加工

argon-arc welding 氩弧焊butt welding 对接焊brazing welding (硬)钎焊back running welding 封底焊built-up sequence 熔敖顺序base metal 基材;母材core wire 焊(条)芯crater 火口deposited metal 熔敖金属electrode 焊条fusion welding 熔焊fillet weld ing 角焊filler metal 熔敖金属f lu x焊剂groove (or preparation) 焊接破口heat affected zone (HAZ) 热影响区lap weld ing 搭接焊layer 焊层lift-o ff e ffec t 提离效应manual weld ing 手工焊magnetic b low 磁偏吹p lug we ld ing 塞焊percussion welding 储能焊p ass 焊道positioner 胎具post weld heat treatment (PWHT) 焊后热处理penetration 熔深,焊透repair welding 补焊root opening 焊根间隙run-out plate 引弧板spot welding 点焊soldering welding 软焊,钎焊seal welding 密封焊submerged arc welding 埋弧焊shielded-arc welding 气体保护焊

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