第三单元检测
(时间:90分钟满分:120分)
第一部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共12小题;每小题2.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项。
A
Behaviours such as smoking,poor eating habits,and physical inactivity(静止) greatly increase a child’s risk of getting cancer in adulthood.For many kids,these and other harmful habits are already well established by the age of 13.In America,almost two-thirds of cancers could be prevented if these behaviours were never started.The earlier children learn how to prevent illness,the healthier they will be.The ways to make healthy decisions are learned during childhood.It’s far more important to practice a good habit from the beginning than it is to quit an unhealthy one!
School health isn’t just about what’s taught in the classroom.It’s about creating policies and programs that increase healthful living.It’s about forcing healthy habits every day and every year when kids are in school.Children’s health and education are harmed by risky behaviours such as using tobacco and drugs,failure to use seat belts,carrying weapons,lack of physical activity,and poor diet.A good school health program includes:
Health education in the classroom.
Healthy choices in the school cafeteria(自助餐厅) and vending(自动销售) machines.
Physical education that promotes regular exercise,heart fitness,and sun safety.
Family and community involvement.
1What is the passage mainly about?
A.School health.
B.Less acting.
C.Eating habit.
D.Growing.
答案:A
解析:主旨大意题。从整篇文章来看,本文主要介绍了学校的健康教育问题。
2What does the underlined word “quit” mean in the first paragraph?
A.convince
B.start
C.get rid of
D.enrich
答案:C
解析:词义猜测题。由词后的“anunhealthyone”可以推断出对于不健康的习惯应该是“摆脱”。
3According to the passage,which is NOT right?
A.School health is not just about what’s taught in the classroom.
B.Weapons shouldn’t be taken into school.
C.Students don’t need to use seat belts.
D.Healthy habits should be paid attention to every day.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。由第二段第四句“Children’shealthandeducationareharmedbyriskybehaviourssuchasusingtobaccoanddrugs,failure touseseatbelts,carryingweapons,lackofphysicalactivity,andpoordiet.”可以看出C 项所述错误。
4In a good school health program, should be included.
A.no health education given in the classroom
B.less exercise
C.parents’ care
D.more drugs
答案:C
解析:推理判断题。从第二段的“Agoodschoolhealthprogramincludes...”及最后“Familyandcommunityinvolvement.”看出父母的参与也是其中一部分,involvement“插手;参与”。
B
Too much TV-watching can harm children’s ability to learn and even reduce their chances of getting a college degree,new studies suggest in the latest effort to examine the effects of television on children.
One of the studies looked at nearly 400 northern California third-graders.Those with TVs in their bedrooms scored about eight points lower on math and language arts tests than children without bedroom TVs.
A second study,looking at nearly 1,000 grown-ups in New Zealand,found lower education levels among 26-year-olds who had watched lots of TV during childhood.But the results don’t prove that TV is the cause and don’t rule out that already poorly motivated youngsters(年轻人) may watch lots of TV.
Their study measured the TV habits of 26-year-olds between ages 5 and 15.Those with college degrees had watched an average of less than two hours of TV per weeknight
during childhood,compared with an average of more than 2 hours for those who had no education beyond high school.
In the California study,children with TVs in their rooms but no computer at home scored the lowest,while those with no bedroom TV but who had home computers scored the highest.
While this study does not prove that bedroom TV sets caused the lower scores,it adds to accumulating findings that children shouldn’t have TVs in their bedrooms.
5According to the California study,the low-scoring group might .
A.have watched a lot of TV
B.not be interested in math
C.be unable to go to college
D.have had computers in their bedrooms
答案:A
解析:推理判断题。第二段中描述的对加利福尼亚北部接近400名三年级学生的研究发现,
卧室里有电视的学生要比卧室里没有电视的学生考试分数低8分左右。据此推断考试分数低的原因可能是看电视太多。故选A项。
6What is the researchers’ understanding of the New Zealand study results?
A.Poorly motivated 26-year-olds watch more TV.
B.Habits of TV-watching reduce learning interest.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1610599596.html,-watching leads to lower education levels of the 15-year-olds.
D.The connection between TV and education levels is difficult to explain.
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句话可知,对大约1000名新西兰成年人的研究结论是:受教育水平低不一定是因为看电视过多,但也不能排除。据此推断观看电视和受教育的水平之间的联系很难解释。故选D项。
7What can we learn from the last two paragraphs?
A.More time should be spent on computers.
B.Children should be forbidden from watching TV.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1610599596.html, sets shouldn’t be allowed in children’s bedrooms.
D.Further studies on high-achieving students should be done.
答案:C
解析:细节理解题。倒数第二段提到卧室里有电视机没有电脑的孩子考试得分最低,而卧室里有电脑没有电视机的孩子得分最高;最后一段的研究结论是:这项研究虽然不能证明是卧室内的电视导致了孩子考试分数低,但为孩子卧室内不应该放有电视机增加了证据。据此判断不能在孩子卧室放有电视机。故选C项。
8What would be the best title for this text?
https://www.doczj.com/doc/1610599596.html,puters or Television
B.Effects of Television on Children
C.Studies on TV and College Education
D.Television and Children’s Learning Habits
答案:B
解析:主旨大意题。第一段指出,几项有关电视对孩子的影响的研究结果表明:看电视过多会对孩子的学习能力造成危害,甚至会减少孩子升入大学的机会。随后几段分别对几项具体调
查研究进行陈述,并针对观看电视与考试成绩、教育水平之间的因果关系分别得出几个不同的结论。概括全文可知本文主要讲述的是电视对孩子的影响。故选B项。
C
(2015·福建高考)
Group exercise is one of the most effective ways to improve physical fitness and sustain(保持) a healthy lifestyle.Group exercise is challenging,yet fun and empowering!Of course everyone knows that exercise is good for the body.However,studies have shown that when exercise is performed in groups,it’s not only great for improving physical health but for psychological health.It’s an opportunity to be social,release endorphins(内啡肽),and improve your strength.Additionally,group exercise creates a community feel and the shared common goal motivates participants to work hard.The instrumental support of taking on a fitness journey with others proves more effective than going to the gym alone.
Another beneficial aspect of group exercise is the informational support participants receive from the instructor.Many people fear the gym because they feel lost and don’t want to embarrass themselves.If you feel you can relate,then group training is an even better option for you.It’s a great opportunity to learn more about fitness through the clear instruction and supervision(监管)of a fitness instructor.If you’re tired of wandering around the gym wasting time and becoming bored,you can attend an upbeat group fitness class that’ll keep your workout on track.Don’t let fitness frighten you!
If you’re serious about wanting to live a healthy lifestyle,it’s extremely important to surround yourself with people who’ll provide you with the proper emotional support.I wouldn’t scold anyone for deciding to party on weekends and in turn I wouldn’t expect anyone to give offence to me for focusing on my health.Surround yourself with people who uplift,encourage and understand you!Make fitness even more fun by trying something new or any group fitness class,with a friend.Plan to go for a jog together.Then try a fun healthy restaurant or fresh juice bar!Fitness can be both fun and social!
Surrounding yourself with people who’ll provide you with respect support can be very beneficial while working towards reaching health and fitness goals.First,decide to do it for yourself and work towards staying positive.Then make sure the people you surround yourself with are supportive.Don’t let negativity ruin your motivation.
9The first paragraph focuses on .
A.the greatest challenge of group exercise
B.the most effective way to improve physical fitness
C.the contribution of group exercise to psychological health
D.the shared common goal in performing exercise in groups
答案:C
解析:主旨大意题。通读第一段内容可知,该段主要说明集体锻炼对于心理健康的好处,或者说贡献。
10The underlined word “upbeat” in the second paragraph probably means “”.
A.cheerful
B.average
C.serious
D.temporary
答案:A
解析:词义猜测题。根据前面出现的“becomingbored”可判断,作者建议参加一个活泼愉快的健身班。该词的含义应该与“bored”相反,故选择A项。
11When it comes to emotional support,the author thinks it necessary .
A.to sustain a colorful lifestyle
B.to party on weekends with positive people
C.to try a fun healthy restaurant regularly
D.to surround yourself with supportive people
答案:D
解析:细节理解题。根据第三段第三句内容可知,对于情感支持,作者认为应该让自己的周边围绕着理解你、鼓励你的人。
12What would be the best title for the passage?
A.Seeking Support
B.Supporting Health
C.Improving Your Strength
D.Building Up Fitness
答案:B
解析:主旨大意题。通读全文内容可知,文章主要说明集体锻炼对身心健康的好处,它不但有益于你的身体,还有益于你的心理,并能使你获得情感支持。因此B项最具概括性。
第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)
根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
(导学号55580014)
13. :less red meat and more fibre,less saturated fat(饱和脂肪) and more fruit and veg,right?Wrong,according to a controversial new book by nutritionist Zoe Harcombe.In the book,Harcombe charts her careful journey of research into studies that underpin(巩固) dietary advice—and her myth(误区)—breaking conclusions are surprising.
Myth:14. .
“Real fat is not bad for us,”says Harcombe.“It’s man-made fat we should be demonising.”Why do we have this idea that meat is full of saturated fat?In a 100g pork chop,there is 2.3g of unsaturated fat and 1.5g of saturated fat.
Myth:We should eat more fibre.
For three decades,we have eaten fibre into our bodies to help us feel full and keep our digestive systems moving.“15.,”says Harcombe.
The advice to eat more fibre is put forward along with the theory that we need to clean our digestive systems.But essential minerals are absorbed from food while it is in the intestines(肠道),so why do we want to wash everything out?Concentrate on not putting bad foods in.
Myth:You need to eat five portions of fruit and veg a day.
“‘Five-a-day’ is the most well-known piece of nutritional advice,”says Harcombe.“You’d think it was based on firm evidence of health benefit.16..
‘Five-a-day’ started as a marketing campaign by 25 fruit-and-veg companies and the American National Cancer Institute in 1991.There was no evidence for any cancer benefit.”
Myth:Fruit and veg are the most nutritious things to eat.
Apparently not.Harcombe allows that vegetables are a great addition to the diet—if served in butter to deliver the fat-soluble(dissolved)vitamins they contain—but natural sugar,the fruit sugar in fruit,goes straight to the liver and is stored as fat.
“17.,”says Harcombe,who adds:“Vitamins and minerals in animal foods—meat,fish,eggs and dairy products—beat those in fruit hands down.”
A.Think again
B.Fat is bad for us
C.This is not a good idea
D.We need to take more exercise
E.We think we know what to eat
F.Want to lose weight?Don’t trust these
G.Fruit is best avoided by those trying to lose weight
答案:13~17 EBCAG
第二部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分45分)
第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分)
阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
(2017·天津高考)
At my heaviest I weighed 370 pounds.I had a very poor relationship with food:I used it to 18 bad feelings,to make myself feel better,and to celebrate.Worried about my health,I tried many different kinds of 19 but nothing worked.I came to believe that I could do nothing about my 20 .
When I was 50,my weight problem began to affect me 21 .I didn’t want to live
the rest of my life with this 22 weight any more.
That year,I 23 a seminar where we were asked to create a project that would touch the world.A seminar leader shared her 24 story — she had not only lost 125 pounds,but also raised $25,000 for homeless children.
25 by her story,I created the As We Heal(痊愈),the World Heals 26 .My goal was to lose 150 pounds in one year and raise $50,000 27 a movement founded 30 years ago to end hunger.This combination of healing myself and healing the world
28 me as the perfect solution.
29 I began my own personal weight program,I was filled with the fear that
I would 30 the same difficulties that beat me before.While the 31 hung over my head,there were also signs that I was headed down the right 32 .I sent letters to everyone I knew,telling them about my project.It worked perfectly.Donations began 33 in from hundreds of people.
Of course,I also took some practical steps to lose weight.I consulted with a physician(内科医生),I hired a fitness coach,and I began to eat small and 34 meals.My fund-raising focus also gave me new motivation to exercise 35 .
A year later,I 36 my goal:I lost 150 pounds and raised $50,000!I feel that I’ve been given a second life to devote to something that is 37 and enormous.
18A.add B.mix
C.kill
D.share
答案:C
解析:根据后文的“tomakemyselffeelbetter”可知,“我”经常用食物来消除坏情绪。add“增加”;mix“混合”;kill“中和;抵消”;share“分享”。故选C项。
19A.diets B.drinks
C.fruits
D.dishes
答案:A
解析:根据语境可知,为了减肥,“我”尝试了各种节食方法,但都毫无作用。故选A项。
20A.height B.ability
C.wisdom
D.weight
答案:D
解析:由前文可知,“我”尝试了多种减肥方法,但都没有用,因此“我”对自己的体重感到无奈。height“身高”;ability“能力”;wisdom“智慧”;weight“体重”。故选D项。
21A.temporarily B.recently
C.seriously
D.secretly
答案:C
解析:由上文可知,“我”体重370磅,减肥也没有效果,无可奈何。当“我”五十岁的时候,体重问题开始严重地影响“我”的生活。而且与后文“我”想做一些改变相呼应。temporarily“暂时地”;recently“最近”;seriously“严重地”;secretly“秘密地”。故选C项。
22A.ideal B.extra
C.normal
D.low
答案:B
解析:此处表示“我”再也不想这么胖了。用extraweight表示“额外的重量”,故选B项。
23A.attended https://www.doczj.com/doc/1610599596.html,anized
C.recommended
D.mentioned
答案:A
解析:由下文的“Aseminarleader”可知,“我”只是参加了这个研讨会,并不是组织者。attend“参加”;organize“组织”;recommend“推荐”;mention“提及”。故选A项。
24A.folk B.success
C.adventure
D.science
答案:B
解析:由后文可知,这位女士不仅减掉了125磅,而且还为无家可归的孩子们筹集了资金。因此,她分享的是自己成功的故事。故选B项。
25A.Surprised B.Amused
C.Influenced
D.Disturbed
答案:C
解析:被她的故事影响,“我”也创建了一个项目。surprise“使惊奇”;amuse“使人发
笑”;influence“影响”;disturb“打扰”。故选C项。
26A.project B.business
C.system
D.custom
答案:A
解析:根据第三段第一句中的“createaproject”及第五段第三句中的“tellingthemaboutmyproject”可知,此处表示“我”也创建了一个项目。故选A项。
27A.insearchof B.inneedof
C.inplaceof
D.insupportof
答案:D
解析:“我”的目标是一年之内减掉150磅体重,并筹集5万美元来支持一项创建于30年前的运动,这项运动的宗旨是消除饥饿。insearchof“寻找”;inneedof“需要”;inplaceof“代替”;insupportof“支持”。故选D项。
28A.scared B.considered
C.confused
D.struck
答案:D
解析:strikesb.assth.为固定搭配,意为“让某人觉得……,给人……的印象”。“我”把治愈自己与治愈世界相结合,“我”觉得这是最完美的解决方式。故选D项。
29A.As B.Until
C.If
D.Unless
答案:A
解析:分析句子结构可知,此处为时间状语从句。指的是当“我”开始“我”的个人减肥计划的时候,“我”感到很害怕。故选A项。
30A.getover B.runinto
C.lookfor
D.putaside
答案:B
解析:“我”害怕遇上以前曾经击败过“我”的那些困难。getover“克服”;runinto“遭遇”;lookfor“寻找”;putaside“把……放在一边”。故选B项。
31A.excitement B.joy
C.anger
D.fear
答案:D
解析:“这种恐惧环绕在‘我’的心头”。上文的thefear是对本题的提示。故选D项。
32A.row B.hall
C.path
D.street
答案:C
解析:种种迹象表明,“我”选择的道路是对的。row“排;行”;hall“大厅”;path“道路”;street“街道”。故选C项。
33A.breaking B.flooding
C.jumping
D.stepping
答案:B
解析:由后文的hundredsof可知,有成百上千的人捐款。breakin“打断;闯入”;floodin“大量地涌入”;jumpin“投入”;stepin“介入;干预”。故选B项。
34A.heavy B.full
C.expensive
D.healthy
答案:D
解析:根据本段的第一句可知,“我”采取了一些有效的措施来减肥。因此,此处用healthy 与之呼应。故选D项。
35A.regularly B.limitlessly
C.suddenly
D.randomly
答案:A
解析:资金筹集这个生活重心也给了“我”定期运动的新的动力。regularly“定期地;有规律地”。故选A项。
36A.set B.reached
C.missed
D.dropped
答案:B
解析:由后文的“Ilost150poundsandraised$50,000!”可知,“我”实现了自己的目标。reachone’sgoal“实现目标”;setone’sgoal“设定目标”。
37A.stressful B.painful
C.meaningful
D.peaceful
答案:C
解析:“我”觉得在投身于有意义而又重大的事情的过程中“我”获得了重生。stressful“有压力的”;painful“痛苦的”;meaningful“有意义的”;peaceful“和平的”。C项符合语境。
第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分)
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
(导学号55580015)
(2016·全国高考Ⅲ卷)
In much of Asia,especially the so-called “rice bowl” cultures of China,Japan,Korea,38. Vietnam,food is usually eaten with chopsticks.
Chopsticks are usually two long,thin pieces of wood or bamboo.They can also be made of plastic,animal bone or metal.Sometimes chopsticks are quite artistic.Truly elegant chopsticks might 39. (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.Skilled workers also combine various hardwoods and metal 40. (create)special designs.
The Chinese have used chopsticks for five thousand years.People probably cooked their food in large pots,41.(use)twigs(树枝)to remove it.Over time,42. the population grew,people began cutting food into small pieces so it would cook more quickly.Food in small pieces could be eaten easily with twigs which 43.(gradual)turned into chopsticks.
Some people think that the great Chinese scholar Confucius,44. lived from roughly 551 to 479 B.C.,influenced the 45.(develop) of chopsticks.Confucius believed knives would remind people of killings and 46. (be) too violent for use at the table.
Chopsticks are not used everywhere in Asia.In India,for example,most people traditionally eat 47. their hands.
答案:38.and 39.be made 40.to create https://www.doczj.com/doc/1610599596.html,ing
42.as/when 43.gradually 44.who 45.development 46.were 47.with
第三部分写作(共两节,满分35分)
第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)
假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处,每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)画掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
(导学号55580016)
My friend Nick told me story about his experience back in the US,which was very interested.One day he was having a yard sale and the old man living next door come by to help.As the old man looked over the things on the yard that were to be sold,he stopped at a box of golden ball for Christmas t rees.On the box was a card say:“25 cents each.”“You will never sell these for that much,”he told Nick.Convinced,Nick has brought the price up to 10 cents a piece.Without a moment’s delay,my neighbour picked up the box but announced “I’ll take them.”
第一句:story前加a;interested→interesting
第二句:come→came
第三句:on→in或yard→ground;ball→balls
第四句:say→saying
第六句:去掉has;up→down
第七句:my→his;but→and
第二节书面表达(满分25分)
研究表明,青少年饮酒不仅影响大脑的发育,还会对学习成绩造成巨大的影响。请根据以下图表用英语写一篇短文,阐述青少年饮酒对学业的影响和你的观点。
注意:1.词数100左右;
2.可适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
参考词汇:狂欢binge
关键词句提示:
影响青少年的大脑发育:slow down the development of teenagers’ brains
对……有影响:have a(n)...influence on...
According to the chart,alcohol use has a bad influence on teenagers’ schoolwork.
49.2% of heavy drinkers are poor at their schoolwork while more than half of the heavy drinkers often cut classes or skip school.As for binge drinkers who only drink alcohol once in a while,the percentage is a little lower but still much higher than that of nondrinkers,of whom only 27.5% are poor at their schoolwork and 9.9% are cutting classes or skipping school.
Alcohol use not only slows down the development of teenagers’ brains but also affects their ability to control themselves.They are more likely to do wrong things after drinking,so alcohol use for teenagers should be banned.