《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料1
I. Fill in the blanks.
1.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group .
2.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The present president of
the committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.
3.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamental characteristics
of spoken English，and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.
4.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit is called .
5.Rhythm in English speech is based on .
6.According to the manner of articulation，the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are
_______consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants.
7.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes.The
__________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation，contrast，reservation or doubt.
8.According to the place of articulation，the sound[ θ ]and [ e ] are.
9.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up to the .
10.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.
11.In spoken English，the phenomenon of joining words together is called .
12.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the ____
function of intonation.
13.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________，which is the
most common of all sounds in English.
14.[ t?] and [ d?] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of
_______ .
15.When we link the final vowels [ ?: ] and [ ? ] to a following vowel，we should add the [ r ]
sound as in “her︶own”，and this sound is called .
16.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow at some point in
the mouth and then，for most productions，releasing it into the sound that follows.
17.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the more predictable a word’s
occurrence is in a given context，the its information content is.
Ⅱ. Multiple Choice
1.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. cl/ear/
B. y/ear/
C. h/ear/t
D. d/ear/
2.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. /u/mbrella
B. /u/niverse
C. /u/nderstand
D. /u/nknown
3.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. want/ed/
B. lov/ed/
C. worri/ed/
D. stay/ed/
4.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. /k/ey
B. /k/nock
C. /k/nee
D. /k/nife
5.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. phys/i/cs
B. qu/i/ckly
C. l/i/brary
D. t/i/cket
6.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. tri/ed/
B. defend/ed/
C. plann/ed/
D. hir/ed/
7. 在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与给出单词disapp/o/int中斜杠标出的字母的
读音相同。请找出这个词。
A. dev/o/te
B. P/o/land
C. g/o/
D. sh/o/ck
8.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. thou/gh/
B. cau/gh/t
C. throu/gh/
D. tou/gh/
9.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. p/u/nish
B. r/u/nning
C. br/u/sh
D. b/u/siness
10. 在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与给出单词f/al/se中斜杠标出的字母的读音相同。请找出这个词。
A. /al/l
B. /al/so
C. t/al/k
D. w/al/k
11.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. p/a/ckage
B. p/a/t
C. im/a/gine
D. sh/a/ke
12.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. d/ew/
B. f/ew/
C. bl/ew/
D. n/ew/
13.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. r/ea/dy
B. br/ea/k
C. w/ea/ther
D. br/ea/d
14. 在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. tw/e/nty
B. g/e/ntle
C. /e/ntirely
D. l/e/nd
15.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. o/x/ygen
B. ta/x/
C. e/x/act
D. e/x/ercise
16.在下列四个单词用斜杠标出的字母中，有一个与其他部分的读音不同。请找出这个词。
A. b/a/ck
B. f/a/st
C. h/a/ve
D. m/a/p
Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.
1.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”，English speakers may have two
different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary，as in:
A./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.
B./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.
Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.
2.The sentence “They’re going to have a picnic.” can be said with two different tones，as showed
in the following:
A.They’re going to 'have a pinic.
B.They’re gong to 'have a pinic?
(1)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?
(2)If not，explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.
3.Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head)，
H(head) ，N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.
(1) I 'used to 'work at a
( ) ( ) ( )
(2) Do you 'speak French and English?
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
4.List the four functions of English intonation.
答案
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.
1. sense or word
2. [?prez?nt], [ pr??zent]
3. unstressed
4.nucleus
5. stress
6. plosive, nasal
7. falling-rising
8. inter-dental 9. first stressed, nucleus 10. full
11. linking/liaison 12. grammatical 13.[?] 14. voicing
15. linking-r 16. stop 17. lower
Ⅱ. Multiple Choice
1-5 CBAAC 6-10 BDDDB 11-15 DCBCC 16 BBDAD
Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.
1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:
C./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.
D./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.
Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.
① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.
② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.
2. The sentence “They’re going to have a picnic.” can be said with two differnt tones, as showed in the following:
C.They’re going to 'have a pinic.
D.They’re gong to 'have a pinic?
(3)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?
(4)If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.
（1）These two utterances have two different meanings.
（2）Utterance A has a falling tone and is usually said as a statement and the speaker is quite certain at the information.
（3）Utterance B has a rising tone and serves as a question here. it shows that the speaker has a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.
3. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.
(1) I 'used to 'work at a
( P ) ( H ) (N )
(2) Do you 'speak French and English?
( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )
4. List the four functions of English intonation.
(1)The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.
(2)The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance.
The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.
(3)The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, but this can be
removed by the use of intonation.
(4)The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation to focus the
listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important. The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料2
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.
2.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the
function of intonation.
3.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________, which is the
most common of all sounds in English.
4.[ t? ] and [ d? ] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms of _______
5.When we link the final vowels [ ?: ] and [ ? ] to a following vowel, we should add the [ r ]
sound as in “her
own”, and this sound is called .
︶
6.The consonants are made by completely stopping the airflow at some point in the
mouth and then, for most productions, releasing it into the sound that follows.
7.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the more predictable a wor d’s
occurrence is in a given context, the its information content is.
8.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a group.
9.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “The present president of
the committee will present the final report to Parliament soon.” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.
10.The frequent occurrence of the syllable is one of the fundamental characteristics
of spoken English, and the one that msot distinguishes English from Chinese.
11.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit is called .
12.Rhythm in English speech is based on .
13.According to the manner of articulation, the sound [ p ] and [ t ] are
____________consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are _____________consonants.
14.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The
___________intonation is said to be more often associated with feelings of hesitation, contrast, reservation or doubt.
15.According to the place of articulation, the sound [ θ ] and [ e ] are.
16.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up to the .
17.Stressed syllables in English have and clear vowel sounds.
Ⅱ. True or False
1.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.
2.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weaker stress is
typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.
3.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.
4.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearly one syllable
after another.
5.When English speakers speak, they make almost all parts of words with equal strength and
length.
6.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings: happiness, sadness, anger and
so on.
7.As the smallest phonetic unit of language, speech sound is distinctive.
8.The first part of a diphthong is much shorter and weaker than the second part.
9. A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.
10.In speech, people often use the falling tone to indicate new information and the rising tone to
indicate “shared” or “given” information.
11.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. The most common
position is on the first information word of the intonation unit.
12.To make natural linking, it is important to say groups of words in one breath and keep our voice
going from one word to the next.
13.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, the stressed syllables follow each other at
roughly equal intervals of time.
14.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.
15.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, when there are function words between the
strong stresses, we cannot reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.
16.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. For contrastive
purposes, any word may bear the tonic syllable
17.Intonation makes speech meaningful.
18.According to the work of vocal cords, [d?] is a voiced sound.
19.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed and unstressed
syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.
20.All of the prefix can’t be stressed, such as submit and telegram.
Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.
1.List the four functions of English intonation.
2.The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed
clearly in the following sentences.
A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
(5)Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?
(6)If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.
3.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have
two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:
E./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.
F./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.
Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.
4. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.
(1) I 'used to 'work at a
( ) ( ) ( )
(2) Do you 'speak French and English?
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
答案
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.
1. linking或者liaison
2. grammatical
3.[?]
4. voicing
5. linking-r
6. stop
7. lower
8. sense or word
9. [?prez?nt], [ pr??zent] 10. unstressed 11. nucleus
12. stress 13. plosive, nasal 14. falling-rising
15. inter-dental 16. first stressed, nucleus 17. Full
Ⅱ. True or False
1-5 TTTFF 6-10 TFFTT 11-15 FTTFF 16-20 TTTFF
Ⅲ Answer the following questions.
1. List the four functions of English intonation.
（1）The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.
（2）The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.
（3）The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, but this can be removed by the use of intonation.
（4）The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation to focus the listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important. The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.
2.The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed
clearly in the following sentences.
A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
（1）Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?
（2）If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.
These two utterances have two different meanings.
（3）Utterance A has a falling tone, the speaker is comparatively certain that the information is correct, and simply asking for conformation.
（4）Utterance B has a rising tone, the speaker indicates a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.
3.For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have
two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in:
G./ 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.
H./ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.
Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.
① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.
② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.
4.Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head), H(head) ,
N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.
(1) I bank.
( P ) ( H ) (N )
(2) Do you 'speak French and English?
( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )
《实用英语语音(二)》复习资料3
I. Fill in the blanks.
1.When we link the final vowels [?:] and [?] to a following vowel, we should add the [ r ] sound
of”, and this sound is called .
as in “the idea
︶
2.An intonation unit usually corresponds to a _______ group .
3.The phonetic transcription of the underlined words in the sentence “All the reporters are
waiting there and are eager to record Tom’s record breaking moment in this marathon. ” are [ ] and [ ] respectively.
4.The frequent occurrence of the _______ syllable is one of the fundamental
characteristics of spoken English, and the one that most distinguishes English from Chinese.
5.The syllable which carries a maximal prominence in the tone unit is called .
6.Rhythm in English speech is based on .
7.According to the manner of articulation, the sound [ p ] and [ t ]are
___________consonants while [ m ] and [ n ] are consonants..
8.The intonation is said to be more often associated with incompleteness and uncertainty
and questioning.
9.According to the place of articulation, the sound [ θ ] and [ e ] are.
10.Head in an intonation unit extends from the syllable up to the .
11.Unstressed syllables in English are short and often have a vowel sound.
12.In spoken English, the phenomenon of joining words together is called .
13.Intonation can be used to remove ambiguity of English sentences. This is the
function of intonation.
14.The short vowel sound in unstressed syllables is very often the sound ________, which is the
most common of all sounds in English.
15.[ w ], [ r ] and [ j ] are called because it is an articulation in which the
articulators approach each other but do not get sufficiently close to each other to produce a “complete” consonant such as a stop, nasal or fricative.
16.The placement of nucleus depends on the information content: the more predictable a word’s
occurrence is in a given context, the its information content is.
17.[ t?] and [ d?] are two English affricates and they differ primarily in terms
of .
II. True or False
1.The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance. The most common
position is on the first information word of the intonation unit.
2.To make natural linking, it is important to say groups of words in one breath and keep our voice
going from one word to the next.
3.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, the stressed syllables follow each other at
roughly equal intervals of time.
4.Not all languages in the world have their own rhythmic patterns.
5.In the rhythmic pattern of an English sentence, when there are function words between the
strong stresses, English speakers may reduce the vowels (using the weak vowel or schwa) to make them short.
6.For contrastive purposes, any word may bear the tonic syllable
7.Intonation makes speech meaningful.
8.Intonation can be used to convey feelings and attitudes. The falling intonation is said to be
more often associated with completeness and definiteness.
9.Both English and Chinese depend on the correct pronunciation of stressed and unstressed
syllables recurring in the same phrase or sentence in the expression of ideas.
10.All of the prefix can’t be stres sed, such as submit and telegram.
11.Different pitches may indicate different meanings for the same utterance.
12.Variation of words or syllables that have strong stress with those that have weaker stress is
typical and contributes to the rhythm of English.
13.English speakers usually stress all words only when they are impatient or angry.
14.English native speakers can easily understand you when you pronounce clearly one syllable
after another.
15.When English speakers speak, they make some parts of words stronger and clearer than other
parts.
16.Speakers can use different pitches to express different feelings: happiness, sadness, anger and
so on.
17.Speech sound is the smallest phonetic unit of language, it is distinctive.
18.The first part of a diphthong is much longer and stronger than the second part.
19.A nucleus can be on any word or phrase in an intonation unit.
20.In speech, people often use the rising tone to indicate new information and the falling tone to
indicate “shared” or “given” information.
Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.
1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in: / 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.
/ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.
2. Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.
3. The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed clearly in the following sentences.
A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
B. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
4. Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?
If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.
5. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(Pre-head), H(Head) , N(Nucleus) and T(Tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.
(1) I 'used to 'work at a
( ) ( ) ( )
(2) Do you 'speak French and English?
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
6. List the four functions of English intonation.
答案
Ⅰ.Fill in the blanks.
1. intrusive-r
2. sense or word
3. [ri?k?:d], [ ?rek?d]
4.unstressed
5. nucleus
6. stress
7. plosive, nasal
8. rising
9. inter-dental
10. first stressed, nucleus 11. reduced 12. linking/liaison 13. grammatical 14.[?] 15.approximants 16. lower 17. voicing
Ⅱ. True or False
1-5 FTTFT 6-10 TTTFF 11-15 TTTFT 16-20 TFTTF
Ⅲ. Answer the following questions.
1. For the same sentence “Those who sold quickly made a profit.”, English speakers may have two different understandings because of the different placement of the tone-unit boundary, as in: / 'Those who 'sold quickly/ 'made a profit.
/ 'Those who sold / 'quickly ' made a profit.
2. Please paraphrase these two different meanings of the sentence with clear words.
① A profit was made by those who sold quickly.
② A profit was quickly made by those who sold.
3. The intonation used in question-tags can have a rising tone or a falling tone, which is showed clearly in the following sentences. (8%)
A. They’re coming to morrow, aren’t they?
B. They’re coming to morrow,aren’t they?
4. Do the above two utterances have the same meaning?
If not, explain the semantic differences between these two utterances.
These two utterances have two different meanings.
Utterance A has a falling tone, the speaker is comparatively certain that the information is correct, and simply asking for conformation.
Utterance B has a rising tone, the speaker indicates a lesser degree of certainty and the speaker is asking for information.
5. Analyze the structure of the following intonation units and judge their P(pre-head), H(head) , N(nucleus) and T(tail) respectively if there is any of them in each sentence.
(1) I 'used to 'work at a
( P ) ( H ) (N )
(2) Do you 'speak French and English?
( P ) ( H ) ( N ) (T )
5.List the four functions of English intonation.
(1)The attitude function. Intonation is used to convey feelings and attitudes.
(2)The accentual function. The location of the tonic syllable is of considerable linguistic importance.
The most common position is on the last information word of the intonation unit. For contrastive purpose, any word may bear the tonic syllable.
(3)The grammatical function. Some sentences may be ambiguous when written, but this can be
removed by the use of intonation.
(4)The discourse function of intonation. In speech, people often use intonation to focus the
listener’s attention on aspects of the message that are most important. The falling tone is often used to indicate new information and rising tone to indicate “shared” or “given” information.