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四级英语作文(几大题型)

四级英语作文(几大题型)
四级英语作文(几大题型)

百分制与710分制的换算方法

0-------43.5 8--------72

1-------46.5 9-------76.5

2-------49.5 10-------81

3-------52.5 11-------85.5

4-------55.5 12-------90

5-------58.5 13-------94.5

6-------63 14-------100.5

7--------67.5 15-------106.5

四级作文评分档:1-3;4-6;7-9;10-12;13-14

四级作文:

一、常见段落展开:

(一) 现象段:先用一句话概括现象的总体情况,即段落的主题句;然后具体描述现象的突出表现或具体变化,以支持主题句。或者先说具体现象,然后用一句话总结现象的严重性。

常用开头句型:

1.Nowadays, more and more people…

2.As more people focus on …, …. has begun to draw more and more attention from

the public.

3.In recent years, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of…

4.In the past three decades, China has witnessed dramatic improvement in …

5.With the development of …, …is becoming a more and more serious problem.

6.Recently it has become a common phenomenon that …

7.…I t has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the

whole society.

例子:Losing Weight

1.越来越多的人,尤其是女性热衷于减肥

2.分析人们减肥的原因。

3.盲目减肥可能会产生副作用。

Nowadays, more and more people, especially young female, are trying to lose unwanted weigh. The number of people taking part in all kinds of fat farms or fitness clubs has been on the rise in recent years. Besides, more and more people are joining the army of being on diet. In order to

keep fit, many young girls eat only one meal every day, and some even do not eat anything.

练习:Green Food

1.今年来,“绿色食品”变得越来越流行。

2.分析这一现象产生的原因

3.你对该现象的看法。

As more and more people focus on health diet, green food has begun to draw more and more attention by the public. In recent years, the market demand for green food has increased dramatically, and all kinds of green food have emerged in an endless stream.

(二) 原因段:

1)There are three reasons for this.

2) The three reasons for this are as follows.

3) There are many factors accounting for this phenomenon.

4) The following reasons can account for …

5)There are many factors that may account for it, and the following are the most conspicuous aspects.

注:列举两点:on the one hand, on the other hand, 或for one thing, for another,

列举三点:to begin with, moreover, what’s the most important; 或in the first place, in the second place, last but not least 或First of all…, moreover, besides …) 例子:Losing Weight

1.越来越多的人,尤其是女性热衷于减肥

2.分析人们减肥的原因。

3.盲目减肥可能会产生副作用。

There are three main reasons behind this craze in losing weight. Firstly, as we see, most young people, especially the women, want to have a better figure. They try to lose weight to look more beautiful. Secondly, quite a few people want to reduce excessive fat for their health since obesity is often very harmful to health. Thirdly, still some people are out of work need, the majority of whom are actors and actresses. In order to meet the role requirements, sometimes they have to lose much weight in a short time.

练习:Green Food

1.今年来,“绿色食品”变得越来越流行。

2.分析这一现象产生的原因

3.你对该现象的看法。

The three reasons for this are as follows. First of all, compared with ordinary food, green food is healthier, safer and more nutritious. Moreover, nowadays, many vegetables are polluted because of the usage of agricultural chemicals, while green food is free of pollution. Besides, with the improvement of the living standards, more people can afford a healthier but more expensive lifestyle. So green food, despite its higher price, still becomes people’s favorite food.

(三)方法段:

1) The following measures can be taken to …

2) Obviously, it is necessary to take some effective measures to reduce this phenomenon.

3) Considering the seriousness of the problem, effective measures should be taken to …

4) Considering the great harm brought by…, I think it is high time that we took effective measures to prevent …

5)To put such a serious problem to an end, in my mind, calls for the efforts from all sides.

例子:How to Eliminate Cheating on Campus

1. 当前校园内存在许多作弊现象;

2. 解决这一问题的办法是…

Nowadays, instead of listening attentively in class and working hard after class, a number of students adopt all kinds of dishonest methods to get high scores in exams. It has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society.

To put such a serious problem to an end, in my mind, calls for the efforts from all sides. First of all, the university authority should make it clear that any cheating behaviors in the examinations, from whispering and copying, receiving answers via mobile phones to asking ringers for help, will be severely punished with no exception. Moreover, teachers of all subjects should go all the way to restore honesty by setting an example for the youth through speaking sincerely and behaving truthfully. Last but not least, young students, should be taught integrity is the prerequisite to an upright and responsible citizen so as to learn to despise and fight dishonest behaviors throughout the life.

How can anybody expect to lead a meaningful life until he is far fro m any kind of cheating behaviors? Only when all of us join in the efforts of eliminating cheating at all levels can we expect to have a cleaner society and a more beautiful future.

练习:

My View on Global Food Crisis

1.目前全世界面临粮食危机

2.简要分析其原因

3.作为公民,尤其大学生应该怎么做

Global food crisis has become such a serious problem that it has aroused the concern from the whole society. Even the year 2008 is even defined as The Y ear of Global Food Crisis.

There are three reasons for this. First of all, global food crisis can be said to be triggered(引发)by the fast population growth in recent decades. With more and more people to be fed, we have to find better ways to increase our agricultural production. Moreover, while we are striving for a higher civilization, the damage we have done to the environment make much of the worlds’ soil deteriorate(恶化,变坏). With the land yielding little, there is no wonder that people will go hungry. Besides, many farmers in some countries are leaving the land because the cost of production exceeds the return. Some of them work at jobs off the land, and some just lay waste (撂荒,损毁) the land altogether.

Solving the global food crisis is a big issue, and needs the concern and cooperation of every nation of the world. On an individual level, we college students should be frugal (节约的)about the food, and never waste a bit of it.

Live a Low-carbon Life

1.低碳生活日渐成为热门话题

2.低碳生活的意义

3.如何做到低碳生活

As more and more people are concerned about climate and environment issues, low-carbon life has become an increasingly hot topic. Actually, low-carbon life is not only a fashionable term, but also a strategic choice concerning the future of human beings.

Effectively reducing the carbon emission, low-carbon life constitutes energy conservation and environment protection means, which is helpful to slow down the pace of global warming and environmental worsening, bringing benefit to the future generations.

Then how to live a low-carbon life? Everyone may interpret it in their own way in every detail of daily life, but public awareness and passion for saving energy is the key for this campaign. Furthermore, energy-saving habits should be also advocated and promoted, for example, substituting a bicycle for a car, using recyclable bags for shopping, climbing the stairs instead of taking the elevator and so on. It's certain that

if enough people live a low-carbon life, everyday and everywhere, it could change the history.

(四) 我的看法段

As for me/personally, as far as I am concerned, from my point of view, …

例子:Green Food

1.今年来,“绿色食品”变得越来越流行。

2.分析这一现象产生的原因

3.你对该现象的看法。

As for me, nowadays the market is full of real and fake green food, making many consumers confused. Therefore, the government must strengthen the supervision and administration of green food market. Besides, consumers should increase the knowledge of green food. Only in this way can green food play a more positive role in people’s life.

练习:Fashion Pursuit in Colleges

1.大学生喜欢追求时髦

2.有些人支持,有些人反对

3. 我的看法

Fashion Pursuit in Colleges

Nowadays students in colleges and universities are in hot pursuit of fashion, which is an unquestionable fact. They are crazy for everything that is prevailing in society, such as owning luxurious mobile phones and wearing blonde curls.

Some people think it acceptable for college students to follow fashion. College students are very flexible in thought and are easy to accept new things, so following fashion may well reflect their pioneering spirit and may help them form a good habit for their future career. On the contrary, some people have the idea that it is imperative to resist the fashion. College students should concentrate themselves exclusively on studies, which should b eon the top of their agenda. Holding the right concept of value makes sense. To earn an impressive academic performance, we college students must pour determined efforts into study and pay no attention to vogue.

As far as I am concerned, college students should have the spirit of pioneering. However, the spirit cannot always be shown by fashion, but by their academic performance. Accordingly,we should compete with our peers for better scholarly achievement instead of fashionable clothes.

(五)双刃剑型作文:

第一段:1.Like anything else, ____ has both advantages and disadvantages.

2. there is a good side and a bad side to everything, and ______ are no

exception.

3. Nowadays, …are playing a more and more important role in people’s daily life. However, people’s opinions are still divided on this point.

中间段:

1.Those who are in favor of private cars claim that it has a lot of advantages.

Those who are opposed to the development of private cars hold that disadvantages are many.

2. The main advantages of … are as follows….

However, as every coin has two sides, the disadvantages are also obvious.

结尾段:1. Up until now, we can see it clearly that _________ is not beneficial or harmful in itself. The key lies in the user---so long as we can make proper use of it, it can be most helpful to us in many respects.

2. All in all, we can safely come to the conclusion that the pros outweigh the cons. The past twenty years witnessed the fast development of _______ along with national economy. A brighter future is awaiting us if we make good use of _________.

例子:

Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Cars

1. 有人认为私家有很多优势;

2. 有人认为私家车有很多问题;

3. 你的看法

Advantages and Disadvantages of Private Cars

Nowadays, private cars are playing a more and more important role in people’s daily life. However, people’s opinions are still divided on this point.

Those who are in favor of private cars claim that it has a lot of advantages. Firstly, the development of private cars will contribute a lot to national economy as a whole. Secondly, for individuals who own a private car, they will no longer have to wait for the crowded bus. Last but not least, people can go sightseeing to neighboring scenic spots on weekends in their own cars.

Those who are opposed to the development of private cars hold that disadvantages are many. In the first place, the general living standard is still quite low, so the time is not yet ripe to develop private cars at present. In the second place, large numbers of private cars will again pollute the environment. Finally, the development of private cars has to be in accordance with the fundamental improvement of transportation. If the road is always jammed, how can we enjoy the pleasure of driving?

All in all, we can safely come the conclusion that the pros outweigh the cons. The past twenty years witnessed the fast development of the automobile industry

along with national economy. A brighter future is awaiting us if we make good use of private cars.

(六)谚语类

这类作文先解释谚语的含义,而后进行说明,常常举例,最后做结论。

例1:

Practice Makes Perfect

1. 怎样理解“熟能生巧”?

2. 例如,在英语学习中…

3. 又如…

Practice Makes Perfect

The well-known proverb “Practice makes perfect” has long been accepted by all of us. It tells us that we have to practice again and again whenever we want to be an expert in a special field. The truth of it is deep and profound.

Let’s take English study as an example. If you want to enlarge your vocabulary, you have to understand English words in the context and then learn them by heart. It is also true with English writing. Listening to teachers attentively in class and reciting sample articles are far from necessary---you should practice writing every week and then ask teachers to go over it.

Another good case in point is skating. Nobody is born a good skater, and one can only become a skilled skater after countless falls and injuries. Every Chinese was excited when Yang Y ang won the first Winter Olympics gold medal in Salt Lake City, but who knew what difficulties and hardships the girl had been through?

Judging from the examples given above, we may draw a conclusion that practice makes perfect. So why not put what you are learning into practice? I am sure you will become experienced and skillful if you keep on doing it.

例2:Early Bird Catches the Worm

1.“早起的鸟有虫吃“是大家熟悉的谚语

2.为什么这么说?

“Early bird catches the worm”is a well-known proverb which all of us are familiar with. I fully agree with it and its implication, in my mind, can be justified in three respects.

Firstly, it takes time to accomplish a task---the earlier you begin, the more likely you will reach your goal earlier. Otherwise you can never be sure of your success. Secondly, when diligence becomes a habit, nothing will be difficult to a determined and persistent person. For example, you will never feel bored and tired at doing social investigation if you really enjoy it. Thirdly, looking at the matter from another perspective, we will find that social resources are always limited and opportunities are

always for those prepared minds.

Living in an age when most people are intelligent, diligence seems more than necessary. As the modern competition becomes more and more fierce, we should realize the importance of early beginning.

(七)图表类:不管何种图表题,都要对图表加以描述,而后引出主题再开始讨论。切忌对图表没有交待,直接谈论主题。

第一段:概述图表

1)主题句:From the chart/graph/table/picture, we clearly learn that_____(总

述现象、变化或问题)。2)扩展句一:图表中初期的数据或情况。3)扩

展句二:However,图表中数据或情况的变化。

开头段描述图表常用的句子:

Studying the table carefully, we can see…

或:

From the chart we can see clearly that…

例子:Changes in people’s Diet

1. 概述过去五年人们饮食的变化

2. 分析原因

3. 下结论

Changes in people’s Diet

Studying the table carefully, we can see that in the past five years, there have been great changes in people’s diet. Grain is on the decline from 49% to 45%---it is also the case with fruit and vegetables. But the consumption of milk and meat, according the table, are generally on the rise.

The most important reason of this change is probably the improvement of people’s living quality. When people become richer and richer, they will consume more and more nutritious food such as milk and meat, and eat less and less grain.

The reason why fruit and vegetables rise a bit after several years’lowering tendency is that people become more and more careful and reasonable in

arranging their diet.

To sum up, people’s living quality is improving all the time---they pay more attention to the nutrition of various kinds of food, which is most helpful for their health.

二、英语四六级写作衔接词:

1. 表示某人持什么观点,不仅可以用think, 还可以用hold, argue, maintain, claim

2. 表示归纳总结:in conclusion, on the whole, in sum, to sum up, in short, in brief.

3. 表示原因:due to, owing to, as a result, consequently, as a consequence, etc.

4. 表示强调语气:especially, actually, truly, in fact, above all, as a matter of fact,

5. 表举例for example;for instance;

6、表解释as a matter of fact;frankly speaking;in this case;namely;in other words

7. 表强调of course;indeed;above all;most important;certainly;in fact

8. 表比较in comparison;likewise;similarly;equally ;

9. 表转折by contrast;but;nevertheless;on the contrary;otherwise;however;

10. 表时间after a while;afterward;again;also;and then;at last;at that time;before eventually;finally;furthermore;in addition

11. 表层进

firstly, to begin with;secondly,thirdly,what’s more, also, and then,

and equally important, besides in addition, still , furthermore, next, besides

moreover, meanwhile, subsequently, thereafter

12. 表让步

still nevertheless in spite of even naturally of course

三、英语写作中常见的使用频率较高的词语搭配

1. 人们普遍认为It is commonly believed/ recognized that…

2. 不可否认It is undeniable that…/ There is no denying that…

3. 一些人…而另外一些人… Some people… while others…

4. 就我而言/ 就个人而言As far as I am concerned, / Personally,

5. 毫无疑问Undoubtedly, / There is no doubt that…

6. As … is to …, so is … to … …之于…,就像…对于…(一个很好的句型)

i.e. As food is the body, so is learning to the mind. 学习之于心灵,就像食物之于

身体一样。

7. 利远远大于弊the advantages far outweigh the disadvantages.

8. 性格决定命运。One’s character determines one’s destiny.

9. 双学位能使他们为将来的竞争做好准备。The two degrees can prepare them for

the coming competition.

10. 其精髓,取其糟粕Take the essence and discard the dregs.

11. 扬长避短

Exploit to the full one’s favorable conditions and avoid unfavorable ones

12. 面临新的机遇和挑战be faced with new opportunities and challenges

13. 引起了广泛的公众关注arouse wide public concern/ draw public attention

14. 以..为例take… as an example 或take … for example

15. 为…牺牲自己的个人利益sacrifice one’s own interests for…

16. 做充分准备make full preparations

17. 发挥着日益重要的作用play an increasingly important role in…

18. 抓紧每一分钟去努力实现他们的梦想seize every minute to turn their dreams into reality.

19. 对…产生有利/不利的影响exert positive/ negative effects on…

20. 导致,引起lead to/ give rise to/ contribute to/ result in

21. 开阔眼界widen one’s horizon/ broaden one’s vision

22. 丰富阅历enrich one’s experience

23. 扩大知识面expand one’s scope of knowledge

24. 考虑到诸多因素take many factors into account 或

take many factors into consideration

25. 做出共同努力make joint efforts

26. 对…有益be beneficial to…

27. 为社会做贡献make contributions to the society

28. 打下坚实的基础lay a solid foundation for…

29. 为…铺路pave the way for…

30. 实现梦想realize one’s dream/ make one’s dream come true

31. 致力于/ 投身于be committed / devoted to…

32. 满足需求satisfy/ meet the needs of…

33. 对这一问题持有不同态度hold different attitudes towards this issue

34. 适应社会发展adapt oneself to the development of society

35. 更多地强调put more emphasis on…

36. 保障社会的稳定和繁荣guarantee the stability and prosperity of our society

37. 对…有害do harm to / be harmful to/ be detrimental to

38. 采取有效措施来… take effective measures to do sth.

39. 承受更大的工作压力suffer from heavier work pressure

40. 对…观点因人而异Views on …vary from person to person.

41. 重视attach great importance to…

42. 把时间和精力放在…上focus time and energy on…

43. 优先考虑/发展… give (top) priority to sth.

44. 经不起推敲cannot bear closer analysis / cannot hold water

45. 提供就业机会offer job opportunities

46. 增进相互了解enhance/ promote mutual understanding

47. 充分利用make full use of / take advantage of

48. 跟上时代的步伐keep pace with the times

49. 对…必不可少be indisp ensable to …

50. 为社会做贡献make contributions to the society

51. 唤醒人们的环保意识arouse people’s awareness of environmental protection.

52. 学习知识和技能acquire knowledge and skills

53. 随着经济的快速发展with the rapid development of economy

54. 随着人民生活水平的显著提高/ 稳步增长

With the r emarkable improvement of people’s living standard或

With the steady growth of people’s living standard

55. 从另一个角度from another perspective

56. 应当承认Admittedly,

57. 在人类生活的方方面面in all aspects of human life

58. 在一定程度上to some extent/ degree / in some way

59. 与…比较compared with…/ in comparison with

60. 相反in contrast / on the contrary.

61. 先进的科学技术advanced science and technology

62. 社会发展的必然结果the inevitable result of social development

63. 激烈的竞争fierce competition

64. 复杂的社会现象a complicated social phenomenon

65. 责任感/ 成就感sense of responsibility/ sense of achievement

66. 竞争与合作competition and cooperation

67. 经济/心理负担financial burden / psychological burden

68. 综合素质comprehensive quality

69. 不可推卸的义务unshakable duty

70. 可靠的信息源a reliable source of information

71. 宝贵的自然资源valuable natural resources

72. 因特网the Internet (一定要有冠词,字母I 大写)

73. 方便快捷convenient and efficient

74. 社会进步的体现a symbol of society progress

75. 科技的飞速更新the ever-accelerated updating of science and technology

76. …必然趋势an irresistible trend of…

77. 日益激烈的社会竞争the increas ingly fierce social competition

78. 眼前利益immediate interest/ short-term interest

79. 长远利益. interest in the long run

80. …的健康发展the healthy development of …

81. 社会地位social status

82. 身心两方面both physically and mentally

83. 有直接/间接关系be directly / indirectly related to

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the screen is enough huge and the sound is enough clear. What’s more, theater is al ways clean, it make people feel like watching movies at home. Secondly, theater is a good choice for couples. Most young people like to go to theater to watch movies, because they think it’s better to cultivate relationship in big theater. The atmosphere of the cinema is more suitable for lovers. People's state of mind will change with the ups and downs of film. So, most young people will choose to watch love story in cinema. Thirdly, it’s very easy to get a ticket. We don’t need to waste much time for waiting in line. Nowadays, we have many ways to buy cinema tickets. The most typical way is to buy on the internet. Everything can be completed on the computer; all we need to do is to click the mouse. Science and technology make our life become very convenient. Besides, a movie ticket is not expensive, many people are affordable. Sacrifice a little money to buy comfortable experience, why not

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一二三原则 考官们看文章也必然要通过这些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构清楚,条理自然。破解方法很简单,只要把下面任何一组的词汇加入到你的几个要点前就清楚了。 1)first, second, third……首先,第二,第三….. 2)firstly, secondly, thirdly, finally 首先,第二,第三,最后 3)to begin with, then, furthermore, finally 首先,然后,其次,最后 4)to start with, next, in addition, finally 首先,然后,其次,最后 5)first of all, besides, last but not least 首先,其次,最后 6)most important of all, moreover , finally 最重要的,其次,最后 7)on the one hand, on the other hand (适用于两点的情况) 一方面,另一方面 8)for one thing, for another (适用于两点的情况)一方面,另一方面 短语优先原则 写作时,尤其是在考试时,如果使用短语,有两个好处:其一、用短语会使文章增加亮点,如果老师们看到你的文章太简单,必然会看你低一等。相反,如果发现亮点—精彩的短语,那么你的文章定会得高分了。其二、凑字数,用短语是一个办法!比如: I cannot bear it.我无法忍受它了。 可以用短语表达:I cannot put up with it.我无法忍受它了。 I want it.我想要它。 可以用短语表达:I am looking forward to it.我想要它。 It’s important.这个很重要。 可以用短语表达: It’s of great importance.这个很重要。 过渡语原则 并列用语: as well as 也 not only…but (also)不仅……还 including,包括 对比用语: on one hand 一方面 on the other hand 另一方面 on the contrary 相反的 though 尽管 for one thing 一方面 for another 另一方面 nevertheles 然而 例证用语: in one’s opinion 某人看来 that is to say 也就是说 for example 例如 for instance 例如 as a matter of fact 事实上 in fact 事实上 时序用语: first/firstly 首先 to begin/start with 首先 meanwhile 同时 before long 不久 递进用语: even 甚至 besides 除了 what’s more 还有 as for 至于 so…that… 太….以至于….. worse still 更糟糕的是 Moreover 并且 furthermore 更进一步 but for 要不是 in addition 另外 to make matters worse 更糟糕的是

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