自考英语二样卷解析
第一部分：阅读判断（第1～10题，每题1分，共10分）
下面的短文后列出了10个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该句提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择B；如果该句的信息文中没有提及，选择C，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
When We Are Asleep
Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams, or do so very rarely. Other people always wake up with vivid recollections（回忆）of their dreams, though they forget them very quickly. In an average night of eight hours' sleep, an average adult will dream for around one hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to thirty minutes.
Scientists can detect when someone is having a dream by using an instrument which measures the electrical waves in the brain. During dreaming, these waves move more quickly. Breathing and pulse rate also increase, and there are rapid eye movements under the eye lids, just as though the dreamer were really looking at some moving objects. These signs of dreaming have been detected in all mammals studied, including dogs, monkeys, cats, and elephants, and also some birds and reptiles（爬行动物). This period of sleep is called the "D" state. Babies experience the "D" state for around 50% of their sleep;
the period reduces to
around 25% by the age of 10.
Dreams take the form of stories, but they may be strange and with incidents not closely connected, which make little sense. Dreams are seldom without people in them and they are usually about people we know. One estimate says that two-thirds of the "cast" of our dream dramas are friends and relations. Vision seems an essential part of dreams, except for people blind from birth. Sound and touch are senses also often aroused, but smell and taste are not frequently involved. In "normal" dreams, the dreamer may be taking part, or be only an observer. But he or she cannot control what happens in the dream.
However, the dreamer does have control over one type of dream. This type of dream is called a "lucid" （清醒的) dream. Not everyone is a lucid dreamer. Some people are occasional lucid dreamers. Others can dream lucidly more or less all the time. In a lucid dream, the dreamer knows that he is dreaming.
1. Some people dream but cannot remember their dreams.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
显示重难点解析
【答案】A【解析】根据第一段的第一句话Everyone dreams, but some people never recall their dreams,
or do so very
rarely.可知，该说法正确。注意题干表述是对原文某些句子的同义转述，如never代替了can，recall代替了recollect。
2. In an average night of eight hours' sleep, males dream longer than females.
A. True
B. False
C. Not Given
显示重难点解析
【答案】C【解析】根据题干中的in an average night of eight hours' sleep能够快速定位在第一段的第三句话：In an
average night of eight hours' sleep, an average adult will dream for around one
hundred minutes, probably having three to five dreams, each lasting from ten to
thirty minutes.这里没有对男性和女性做梦的时间进行对比，故选择没有提及。
3-10省略
小贴士：千万不要受自己主观臆测的影响，要根据文章确定对错及"未提及"。
第二部分：阅读选择（第11～15题，每题2分，共10分）
阅读下面短文，请从短文后所给各题的4个选项(A、B、C、D)中选出1个最佳选项，并在答题卡相应位置上将该项涂黑。
Tap Dancing（踢踏舞）
Most of the arts in America are a combination of ideas and influences from many sources. Tap dancing certainly fits in this category. It is truly an American art, but it has been influenced by English and Irish dance steps as well as steps from Africa.
Some historians argue that tap dancing was first done by slaves on Southern plantations in North America, and that originally steps were done wearing soft-soled shoes. Irish step dancing, which also involves intricate（复杂的）foot patterns, contributed the movement of the free leg to one side and the swing of the elbows outward. Wooden clog shoes were worn as tap dancing evolved, but for a long time the steps were done flat-footed.
Tap dancing developed into the form we recognize today in the early 20th
century. Metal taps were added to dance shoes, and a number of new techniques were perfected. One of the most important was the change from the flat-footed step to dancing on the balls of the feet. This is commonly attributed to dancer Bill Robinson. Another was the "cramp roll," in which the dancer would rapidly move from the ball of the right foot to the ball of the left, and then to the heel of each foot. This separation of the steps into distinct areas of the foot, an innovation by dancer John Bubbles, allowed dancers to improvise even more new
patterns. Slides across the floor and movements up and down stairs further enlivened tap. So did relaxed arm and shoulder movements. Challenges became a common part of dance routines, with dancers competing very hard to outperform（胜过）each other with new and difficult steps.
Many dancers excelled at tap and contributed to its development. Besides Bill Robinson and John Bubbles, well-known tappers have included Sammy Davis, Jr., Fred Astaire, Eleanor Powell, Gregory Hines, and Savion Glover.
11. This text is mainly about _______.
A. famous tap dancers
B. tap dancing on Southern plantations
C. tap shoes
D. the development of tap dancing
显示重难点解析
【答案】D【解析】主旨题。通读全文可知本文主要讲了踢踏舞的发展过程。
12. The phrase "attributed to" (Line 3, Para. 3) means _______.
A. credited to
B. described
C. turned to
D. stated as a question
显示重难点解析
【答案】A【解析】单词释义题。能够用代入法。credit…to…=attribute…to…=owe…to…
13-15省略
小贴士：和以前的阅读理解基本相同。
第三部分：概括段落大意和补全句子（第16～25题，每题1分，共1 0分）
阅读下面短文，请完成短文后的2项测试任务：(1)从第16～20题后所给的6个选项中为第①一⑤段每段选择1个正确的小标题；(2)从第21～25题后所给的6个选项中选择5个正确选项，分别完成每个句子，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
The Weight Experiment
Nicola Walters has been taking part in experiments in Scotland to discover why humans gain and lose weight. Being locked in a small room called a 'calorimeter'（热量测量室）is one way to find out．
①The signs above the two rooms read simply 'Chamber One' and 'Chamber Two'. These are the calorimeters: 4m by 2m white-walled rooms where human volunteers are locked up in the name of science. Outside these rooms another sign reads 'Please do not enter-work in progress' and in front of the rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make. Each day, meals measured to the last gram are passed through a hole in the wall of the calorimeter to the resident volunteer.
②Nicola Walters is one of twenty volunteers who, over the past eight months, have spent varying periods inside the calorimeter. Tall
and slim, Nicola does not have a weight problem, but thought the strict diet might help with her training and fitness programme. A self-employed community dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. She saw an advertisement for volunteers at her local gym and as she is interested in the whole area of diet and exercise, she thought she would help out.
③The experiment on Nicola involved her spending one day on a fixed diet at home
and the next in the room. This sequence was repeated four times over six weeks.
She arrived at the calorimeter at 8:30 am on each of the four mornings and from
then on everything she ate or drank was carefully measured. Her every move was
noted too, her daily exercise routine timed to the last second. At regular
intervals, after eating, she filled in forms about how hungry she felt and
samples were taken for analysis.
④The scientists help volunteers impose a kind of order on the long days they face in the room. 'The first time, I only took one video and a book, but it was OK because I watched TV the rest of the time,'
says Nicola. And twice a day she used the exercise bike. She pedaled （踩踏板) for half an hour, watched by researchers to make sure she didn't go too fast.
⑤It seems that some foods encourage you to eat more, while others satisfy you quickly. Volunteers are already showing that high-fat diets are less likely to make you feel full. Believing that they may now know what encourages people to overeat, the researchers are about to start testing a high-protein weight-loss diet. Volunteers are required and Nicola has signed up for further sessions.
Task l
16. Paragraph ①
17. Paragraph ②
18. Paragraph ③
19. Paragraph ④
20. Paragraph ⑤
A. What does the calorimeter look like inside?
B. What programme was designed for the experiment?
C. What is a calorimeter?
D. What kind of foods are to people's taste?
E. How do the volunteers kill the time?
F. Why did Nicola join in the experiments?
16. Paragraph ①
【答案】C【解析】第一段主要讲了实验所需要的设备和条件，前面的内容主要针对calorimeter做了相关描述。
17. Paragraph ②
显示重难点解析
【答案】F【解析】第二段主要介绍了Nicola自愿参加这一实验的意图和目的，虽然没有超重问题，但出于对饮食调节和身材的保持，她选择加入这一项目。
18-20省略
小贴士：本部分考查学生的概括能力，读懂首句是关键，因为首句往往是主题句。
Task 2
21. The machinery outside the calorimeters records everything _______.
显示重难点解析
【答案】A【解析】根据题干中的关键词calorimeters和record定位在第一段。从第一段第三句话特别是后半句Outside these rooms another sign reads 'Please do not enter-work in progress' and in front of the
rooms advanced machinery registers every move the volunteers make.可知答案为A。此处register和record属同义替换。
22. Nicola Walters had time for the experiments _______.
【答案】E【解析】根据题干中的关键词Nicola Walters定位在第二段，关键句是第二段的第三句话A self-employed community
dance worker, she was able to fit the experiment in around her work. 23-25省略
A. the volunteers do.
B. because she does not have a weight problem.
C. because the life there can be very boring.
D. make people overeat.
E. because she was her own boss.
F. so as to control the speed.
小贴士：根据题干中的关键词回到原文中快速进行定位是取得高分的诀窍，同时要观察题干的结构及备选答案的结构以快速缩小范围。第四部分：填句补文（第26～30题，每题2分，共1 0分）
下面的短文有5处空白，短文后有6个句子，其中5个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
Teaching Children to Spend Pocket Money Wisely
School-going children need pocket money for food, stationery and bus fares.
Parents give pocket money to their children in different ways. Some
give a lump sum at the beginning of a month or a week. Others prefer to give pocket money on a daily basis. 26 On the other hand, the children's spending habits may affect how pocket money is given. Pocket money given on a daily basis is sometimes termed as "food money".
Children usually use the pocket money to buy food during recess and also at lunch hour if they have school activities in the afternoon. They learn how to manage small sums of money. 27 Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending（过度消费）, hoping that in time they can be trusted with larger sums of money.
Giving pocket money on a daily basis places responsibilities of budgeting on the parents, instead of the child. The child may spend every single cent of the daily pocket money by overindulging in junk food as they know they will get another sum of money the next day. This results in children being shortsighted in their spending. The thought of saving money never crossed their minds. 28
Others spend more than they are given. They borrow from their siblings or their classmates when they feel like indulging themselves. Then they may ask for money to pay off their debts. This habit of borrowing causes them to depend on others to solve their problems. In such instances, the purpose of rationing is
defeated.
Children need to learn how to budget their money. The key to doing this is to differentiate between needs and wants. 29 This habit, when inculcated since young, stands them in good stead when they start working and earning their own money. It enables them to resist the temptation of "buy now and pay later" schemes.
Formation of any habit starts at a tender age. There is no better way to teach children to manage money than to start with their pocket t money. They need to learn the importance of budgeting right from kindergarten days. 30 When children learn to spend within their means, they are able to manage their finances well later in their lives.
A. It is a good idea to start with daily pocket money and move on to monthly
pocket money.
B. The way in which pocket money is given affects how money is spent or saved.
C. Buy the necessary first, and indulge ourselves only if there is money left.
D. As the money is limited, they have to control their spending.
E. Parents who earn daily wages may also opt for this due to financial constraints.
F. They may develop the mentality that money is meant to be spent.
26. 显示重难点解析
【答案】B【解析】根据空格前出现的way和give，后面出现的give，spend和affect，这些都是解题线索，应引起考生的注意，这是答题的关键。前面提到父母给孩子零花钱的不同方式，后面提到孩子的花钱习惯影响父母给她们零花钱的方式。只有B才能更好地衔接上下文。
27. 显示重难点解析
【答案】D【解析】第二段主要讲父母每天给孩子一次零花钱对孩子的影响。They learn how to manage small sums of money.
27 Some parents choose this method of allocating pocket money in order to prevent their children from overspending,…空格前提到孩子如何花手中有限的钱，后面提到一些父母使用这种方法来控制孩子的过度消费，可知应选D。注意D中的limited和空格前的small呼应，control和空格后的prevent呼应，体现了内容的一致性。
28-30省略
小贴士：所填的句子起着承上启下的作用，看懂上下句是解题的关键，同时注意看上下句中的关键词，会有呼应现象。还要注意观察同段的句子结构等细节内容。
第五部分：填词补文（第31～40题，每题1.5分，共15分）
下面的短文有10处空白，短文后列出12个词，其中，10个取自短文，请根据短文内容将其分别放回原有位置，以恢复文章原貌，并在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。
A. required E. increase I. decision
B. rose F. began J. easy
C. pulled G. interests K. struggle
D. extra H. primarily L. currently
解题方法：把词分类
动词名词形容词副词
A. required E. increase（间类词） D. extra H. primarily
B. rose G. interests J. easy L. currently
C. pulled I. decision
E. increase K. struggle
F. began
K. struggle（引申为：困难，艰巨的任务）
Teach Y our Kids at Home
As most kids went back to school at the beginning of the semester in the fall, a small but growing army of parents just said no to school. Some people like Jean Forbes thought their children needed 31 Dattention. Forbes is a former actress whose current career is teaching her two sons. Her son Allen is dyslexic（有诵读困难的）. She 32 Chim out of public school six years ago because she felt teachers weren't helping him enough.
Other parents want to give their kids the chance to follow their 33 Grather than a textbook. Outside Los Angeles, Nancy Kinsey's kids are studying bats right now. They study everything from their diet to their wing span（翼展）to the specifics of their natural habitat. They have even built a bat house in the backyard, and this task 34 Amany hours of practical math problems.
后三段省略。
小贴士：把词分类，然后根据所缺的句子成分去分析所需的词类，大大缩小选择范围，从而提高正确率。
第六部分：完形补文（第41～50题，每题1.5分，共15分）
下面的短文有10处空白，每处空白后的括号内有一个词，请根据短文内容将其正确的形式填入文中，以恢复文章原貌，并将答案写在答题卡相应的位置上。
The Environment: Our Responsibility
These days it is impossible(possible) to open a newspaper without reading about the damage we are doing to the environment. The earth is being 41 threatened(threaten) and the future looks bad. What can each of us do?
We cannot clean up our 42 polluted(pollute) rivers and seas overnight. Nor can we stop the 43 disappearance(appearance) of plants and animals. But we can stop adding to the problem while 44 scientists(science) search for answers, and laws are passed in nature's
45 defense/defence(defend). 剩余内容省略。
小贴士：类似于以往考试中的词形转换的形式，注重句子结构的分析，分析句子成分是正确答题的关键。
第七部分：短文写作（第51题，30分）
下面是一篇某杂志编辑部的读者征稿启事，请根据其要求撰写一篇150词左右的英语短文。将短文写在答题卡相应的位置上。Technology in the Home
Technology is everywhere today, especially in the home. We'd like you, the readers, to write a short article telling us two things you would find most difficult to live without. Don't forget to say why. The three best articles will be published in our magazine.
第一档
Nowadays, our daily life is closely connected with modern technology. No one can live without some basic domestic国产的appliances or devices, such as TV, cellphone, fridge or camera. For me, the most two important devices in my home are the laptop笔记本（PC）and the washing machine.
With the help of a laptop, I can acquire the latest information through the
Internet. I can talk with my family members or friends no matter how far they are. I can pay bills through e-banking service. Besides除此之外, I can also deal with my work at home. You can't imagine my
life without computers.
Another device I need in my life is, of course, the washing machine. I am that girl who loves changing clothes frequently; therefore, washing machines can save time and protect my skin. What I need to do is to press the button and wait and hang the clothes.
Without a PC, you would know nothing about the modern society. Without a washing machine, you would spend your valuable time doing the washing day after day.
注：红色部分为原文表述不合适经过改进的地方。
小贴士：写作为新增题型，更注重考生的语言组织能力。应熟悉各种题材作文的写法及套路。
2015年10月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语(二) 试卷 (课程代码 00015) 本试卷共8页，满分l00分，考试时间l50分钟。 考生答题注意事项： 1．本卷所有试题必须在答题卡上作答。答在试卷上无效，试卷空白处和背面均可作草稿纸。2．第一部分为选择题。必须对应试卷上的题号使用2B铅笔将“答题卡”的相应代码涂黑。3．第二部分为非选择题。必须注明大、小题号，使用0．5毫米黑色字迹签字笔作答。4．合理安排答题空间，超出答题区域无效。 选择题区 第一部分：阅读判断(第1～l0题，每题l分，共10分) 下面的短文后列出了l0个句子，请根据短文的内容对每个句子作出判断：如果该旬提供的是正确信息，选择A；如果该句提供的是错误信息，选择8；如果该旬的信息文中没有提及，选择C。在答题卡相应位置上将答案选项涂黑。 Black Friday Everyone likes to shop for gifts for the holiday season, but few people know the history of holiday shopping. While people have heard of Black Friday; most do not know its origins. Black Friday is the day after Thanksgiving (感恩节).On this day most retail stores open their doors very early一some as early as 4 am. In addition, they provide their customers with great discounts on products. With this in mind, it is clear to see why so many shoppers buy many of their Christmas gifts on Black Friday. Black Friday is not as ok! as many people think. In fact, it is believed that the first Black. Friday was held in the 1970s in the USA. It was a day when stores decided to mark the start of the holiday season In order to draw more customers, they offered great discounts. All products sold very well. This large success resulted in the name Black Friday, it was so named because the stores were "in the black". This financial term means the stoics made a lot of money. However, it was not until around 2002 that Black Friday really started to gain in popularity. Today in the USA, countless advertisers proudly announce their Black Friday sales. They hope to attract shoppers into their stores. Black Friday is a day when many shoppers in the USA go out and buy gifts, even though Christmas Eve is still a more popular day to shop. Thanks to the Internet, it is now possible to get some excellent Black Friday deals online. So if you don't want to get to the stores by 4 am, this is the perfect way to still get items at reduced prices.
2011 7月 II.Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each） A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man一个身材瘦长的人17.country-wide trade全国贸易18.the Ethiopian highlands埃塞俄比亚高原19.economic policy经济政策20.great-grandmother(外)曾祖母21.open sea公海 22.part-time river季节性河流23.mineral oil矿物油 24.environmental law环境法25.welcoming banquet欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学Play truant 27.军阀政府The warlord government 28.九龙壁The nine dragon wall 29.基本方针Basic principle 30.游记Travel notes 31.祥林嫂Xiang Lin's wife 32.排队to stand in a queue to line up 33.大陆架Continental shelf 34.董事会Board of directors 35.深刻影响 Profound impact 2011 4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) 16. appreciation dinner 答谢宴会17. birth defect先天性生理缺陷 18. applied entomology应用昆虫学 19. member state会员国、成员国 20. maternity hospital 妇产医院21. over-the-counter medicine非处方药 22. green belt 防护林、绿化带23. inland waters内陆水域 24. room temperature 室温、常温25. debt chain三角债、债务链 B. Directions: Translate the following words and phrases into English. (Please write the answer on your Answer Sheet.)
Unit 3 Friendship and Loyalty I. New words and expressions New words 1. reflection n. （关于某主题的）思考，回忆 2. loyalty n. 忠诚；忠实；忠心耿耿 3. recognize v. 承认；意识到 4. betray v. 辜负；对…不忠 5. indeed adv. 其实；实际上 6. virtue n. 高尚的道德；正直的品性；德行 7. trend n. 趋势；趋向；倾向；动态；动向 8. befriend v. 做（尤指需要帮助者的）朋友；友善相待 9. request v. （礼貌或正式地）请求，要求 10. trendy adj. 时髦的；赶时髦的 11. multitude n. 众多；大量 12. mutual adj. 共有的；共同的 mutual respect / understanding 辨析：mutual / manual / manure / mature / menu / mental 13. term n. 词语；术语：措辞 14. site n. 网站；站点 15. acronym n. 首字母缩略词
16. perish v. 丧失；湮灭；毁灭 17. thought n. 想法；看法；主意；记忆 18. gossip n. 流言蜚语 19. challenge v. 考查…的能力；考验…的技巧 20. akin adj. 相似的；类似的 21. deposit n. 存款 22. account n. 账户 accountant current account deposit account 23. interest n. 利息 24. well-being n. 健康；安乐；康乐 25. welfare n. （个体或群体的）幸福，安全与健康 26. essence n. 本质；实质；精髓 27. seek v. 寻找 28. notoriety n. 恶名；坏名声 notorious 相当于infamous 29. premise n. 前提；假定； 30. exploit v. 利用（…为自己谋利） 31. reconnect v. 再联系；再联络 32. virtual adj. （通过计算机软件，如在因特网上）模拟的，虚拟的 33. assure v. 使确信；向…保证
2007年4月高等教育自学考试全国统一命题考试 英语（二）试卷及答案 （课程代码：00015） Ⅰ.Vocabulary and Structure(10 point each) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题纸上将相应的字母涂黑。 1. It is difficult to __ the implication between the lines. A. get to B. get with C. get at D. get down 2. The volleyball match was televised __ on CCTV. A. alive B. life C. live D. lively 3. The newspaper will have to close down if it cannot increase its __ considerabi A. distribution B. contribution C. prescription D. circulatiol 4. The central theatre has a seating __ of more than 3,000 people. A. capability B. capacity C. ability D. facility 5. The furniture in her bedroom is quite different from __ in the living room. A. that B. it C. One D. which 6. Because of the bad weather, the sports meet had to be __. A. shutdown B. done away C. taken off D. called off 7. Jenny complained that the hospital _ her too much for the treatment. A. expended B. paid C. cost D. charged 8. Having decided to rent a flat, we __ contacting housing agencies in the city. A. set about B. set down C. set out D. setup 9. The book fair has received a positive __ from readers. A. result B. response C. settlement D. solution 10. If the operation __ carefully prepared, it would not have been successful. A. was not B. has not been C. had not been D. were not Ⅱ.Cloze Test(10 point each) The basic principle of radar is illustrated by what happens when one shouts in a e. The echoof the shouting 11 the walls helps a person determine the size of i cave. With radar, however , the waves are radio waves instead of 12 waves. dio waves travel 13 the speed of light, about 300,000 kilometers in a second. A lar set 14 a short burst of radio waves. Then it receives the echoes 15 when waves bounce (Silt) off objects. By determining the time it 16 for the echoes to imi to the radar set, a trained technician 17 determine the distance between the [ar set and other objects. The word "radar", 18 , gets its name from the term dio detection and ranging." "Ranging" is the term for detection of the 19 between object and the radar set. Besides being of critical importance to pilot, radar is 20 for air traffic control, tracking ships at sea, and for tracking weather systems and storms. 11.A. throughB. forC. onD. against 12.A. soundB. lightC. heatD. tide 13.A.inB. atC. overD. on 14.A.sendsoutB.works outC. figures outD. puts out 15.A.producingB. producedC. produceD. produces 16.A. spendsB. takesC. killsD. makes 17.A. canB. mustC. ought toD. has to 18.A. incaseB. in turnC. in shortD. in fact 19.A. lengthB. widthC. distanceD. space
2014年4月自考英语二00015试题及答案 第一部分：阅读判断（10*1分） Running: sport or way of life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there’s nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortabl e clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you d on’t need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But d on’t be fool ed into thinking the sport of running is easy. It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs, and muscl es. It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you d on’t get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more cl early. How d o you get engaged in the sport if you d on’t know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simpl e Internet search can help you find some in your area. The programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race, you’ll see peopl e cheering for all the runners. Running isn’t always about how fast you are running or how far you’re going. It’s about getting out there and d oing it. Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized over talent. It you’re looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you. 1.You may find it interesting to go for a run. A.True B. False C. Not Given 2.The sport of running is easy. A.True B. False C. Not Given 3.It’s hard to find a safe environment for running.
Unit 9 Facing Life’s Challenges I. New words and expressions New words 1. hurdle n. hurdles [pl.]跨栏赛；栏架，跨栏；难关，障碍 2. negative n. 否定词；否定；拒绝 adj. 坏的；有害的 3. despair v. 绝望；失去希望；丧失信心 4. petty adj. 小的：琐碎的；次要的 5. individual adj. 一个人的；供一个人用的 6. lane n. （比赛的）跑道，泳道 7. spot n. 地点；场所；处所 8. symbolize v. 象征；是…的象征；代表 symbol -ize常用的动词后缀：modernize, globalize, economize 9. incredibly adv. 极端地；极其 credible 可靠的，可信的 credibly 变副词时需省略-e的形容词有simple, true, credible, believable simply, truly, (in)credibly, (un)believably 10. positive adj. 良好的；正面的 11. tough adj. 艰苦的；艰难的；棘手的 12. arise v. 发生；产生；出现 arise from sth. 区分：arouse / arise arouse one's anger / respect / sympathy 13. lost adj. 不知所措的；一筹莫展的 14. leap v. 跳跃 15. yard n. 码 16. inch n. 英寸 17. cinch n. 很容易的事；小莱 Phrases and Expressions 1. line up 排成一行；站队；排队（等侯） 2. end up最终成为；最后处于 end up (in) doing sth. end up begging / being arrested end up as a beggar / prisoner / millionaire
全国高等教育自学考试自考英语二历年试卷试题真题 第一部分(选择题，共50 分) I. Vocabulary and Structure(10 points, 1 point for each item) 从下列各句四个选项中选出一个最佳答案，并在答题卡上将相应的字母涂黑。 1.It was there, the police believe, ________ she was able to activate the recorder she kept in her bag. A、until B、which C、that D、when 2.It is not yet known ________ computers will one day have vision as good as human vision. A、whether B、if C、that D、how 3.If you are now ________ ,you ought to pay more attention to your health. A、in the fifties B、in your fifties C、in fifties D、in your fifty 4.Americans have learned much about he way in which the system can be managed so as to ________ the peaceful transfer of power from one party to the other. A、make it possible B、make possible C、make possibly D、make it possibly 5. ________ their differences, they fell passionately in love with each other. A、As for B、Owing to C、Despite D、Through 6.Such attitudes amount to a belief ________ leisure can and should be put to good use. A、which B、if C、whether D、that 7. ________ yourself to the job in hand, and you’ll soon finish it. A、Reply B、Imply C、Apply
自考英语写作大汇总 第一部分：图表写作套句精选 1.the table shows the changes in the number of……over the period from……to…… 该表格描述了在……年之……年间……数量的变化。 2.the bar chart illustrates that…… 该柱状图展示了…… 3.the graph provides some interesting data regarding…… 该图为我们提供了有关……有趣数据。 4.the diagram shows （that）…… 该图向我们展示了…… 5.the pie graph depicts （that）…… 该圆形图揭示了…… 6.this is a cure graph which describes the trend of…… 这个曲线图描述了……的趋势。 7.the figures/statistics show （that）…… 数据（字）表明…… 8.the tree diagram reveals how…… 该树型图向我们揭示了如何…… 9.the data/statistics show （that）…… 该数据（字）可以这样理解…… 10.the data/statistics/figures lead us to the conclusion that…… 这些数据资料令我们得出结论…… 11.as is shown/demonstrated/exhibited in the diagram/graph/chart/table…… 如图所示…… 12.according to th e chart/figures…… 根据这些表（数字）…… 13.as is shown in the table…… 如表格所示…… 14.as can be seen from the diagram，great changes have taken place in…… 从图中可以看出，……发生了巨大变化。 15.from the table/chart/diagram/figure，we can see clearly that……or it is clear/apparen t from the chart that…… 从图表我们可以很清楚（明显）看到…… 16.this is a graph which illustrates…… 这个图表向我们展示了…… 17.this table shows the changing proportion of a & b from……to…… 该表格描述了……年到……年间a与b的比例关系。 18.the graph，presented in a pie chart，shows the general trend in…… 该图以圆形图形式描述了……总的趋势。 19.this is a column chart showing……
重点语法知识讲解 1．动词的时态和语态 动词的时态和语态一览表 时态语态一般现在时一般过去时一般将来时 主动被动 do are done did were done will do will be done 现在进行时过去进行时将来进行时 主动被动 are doing are being done were doing were being done will be doing现在完成时过去完成时将来完成时 主动被动 have done have been done had done had been done will have done will have been done 现在完成进行时 主动被动 have been doing 1．1 现在完成时 发生在过去的动作一直持续到现在，或对现在仍有影响。 现在完成时的标志： so far， by now/ up to now，for three years， since 1995， in the past two decades 1.2 过去完成时 过去的过去。 1）said, reported, thought 等引导的间接引语中。 He missed the train. He said he had missed the train. 2）hardly…when, no sooner… than句型中表示先发生的动作 No sooner had he got up than he received the call. 3）与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中
If I had tried harder, I would have won. I wish I had done better in the exam. 1.3 完成进行时 从过去一直持续到现在，没有间断。汉语提示语：一直 The water has been running the whole night. 1.4 过去时 过去某一具体时间发生的事，不考虑与现在的关系。 过去时的标志：yesterday， in 1995， last week，in the nineteenth century，five years ago 等等。 2．非谓语动词 2.1 非谓语动词一览表 非谓语动词形式意义 现在分词 一般式 doing 主动 , 正在进行 被动式 being done 被动 , 正在进行 完成主动式 having done 主动 , 已经完成 完成被动式 having been done 被动 , 已经完成过去分词 done 被动 , 已经完成 动词不定式 一般式 to do 主动 , 将要进行 被动式 to be done 被动 , 将要进行 完成主动式 to have done 主动 , 已经完成 进行主动式 to be doing 主动 , 正在进行 2.2. 非谓语动词作状语
Unit 1 The Power of Language Text A Critical Reading Exercises I. Checking Your Comprehension 1.Reading non-fiction writing critically involves_______. A.supporting the author’s opinion B.developing your own opinions C.understanding what is written D.reading without any imagination 2.Before accepting what is written in an article,you should be sure that______. A.enough support for the assertions has been given B.your values and attitudes have been reflected in it C.it has been checked form an authoritative source D.you have found the differences in the writing styles 3.If there are some inconsistent points in the artic1e,you should______. A.insist on your own opinion an confirm it B.avoid mentioning the inconsistencies C.emphasize the work of authorities D.examine the author’s supportive statements 4.Einstein is a relevant source when the article is about______. A.physical breakthroughs B.the subject of poetry C.studies in current physics D.credible writing sources 5.The author believes that by being a critical reader you can______. A.remember what is written clearly B.eliminate your own discrimination C.have much more knowledge D.spend more time in reading II.Bui1ding Your Vocabulary Section A Directions:Comp1ete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words given in the brackets. 1.These results are______with the findings of the previous study.(consistent,consistency) 2.We were not surprised by their______that the train services would be reduced.(state,statement) 3.The statistics______a change in people’s spending habits.(reflect,reflection) 4.I’m afraid your driving license is______in Eastern Europe.(valid,invalid) 5.Twenty-five dollars was______more than be had expected to pay.(considerable,considerably) 6.Direct______between the two languages is not possible.(compare,comparison)
自考《英语二》复习四题型解析 这部分题每句有一个空格，下面有四个选择项，要求从中选出一个最佳答案，目的是检查考生运用英语基本词汇和语法结构的能力。《大纲》对哪些是词汇题，哪些是语法结构题没有严格界定，但这不妨碍做题。我们大体上可以从下述几个方面分别讨论。对于实义词（这可从四个选择项中看出来），我们有时要从整句话的意思来选择答案，看它在逻辑上是不是说得通；有些是近义词，看似差不多，实际上在不同的语境，要求用不同的词；还有一些词要求不同的介词或副词与它搭配。这些因素都能给我们提供解题的线索。还是看《样题》（一）中的相应部分，它的第4题是： In no way can cheating on exams be ______ in school. A. elevated B. navigated C. exaggerated D. tolerated 我们选D为答案，因为tolerate是“允许，容忍”的意思。学校不能姑息考试作弊行为，这在道理上是合情合理的。要是把其余三个词的任何一个放在里面，在意思上就说不通了。做这种题，有时不巧会遇到一些生词，我们可先从认得的词入手，把说不通的否定掉，这样可缩小选择的范围，以后即使只能*臆测选定答案，选中的概率也就大了。如果已找到了一个符合上下文意思的答案，就可以不用再往下看。再看《英语（二）自学考试样题》（以下简称《样题》（二））相应部分的第9题： Most violence-related toys jeopardize the role of play in helping children make better _________ of their own feelings and interpret the world. A. knowledge B. realization C. emotion D. sense 我们选D为答案。为什么呢？这里涉及搭配问题。make sense of是个固定词组，意思“理解，弄明白”，这类词组是不能变通的，换了别的词就不通。 有的题要我们选择介词、关联词或起搭配作用的副词等。关于介词，有些是有明白的意思的，但多数试题中，它没有独立的意思，只是别的词要求和它搭配使用。如《样题》（一）这部分的第1题： They are still not fully able to distinguish right __________ wrong.
2012 4月 II. Word and Phrase Translation (20 points, 1 point each) A. Translate the following words and phrases into Chinese. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 16. gamma rays 伽马射线17. the New Testament新约 18. ecologist 生态学家19. entrepreneurial spirit进取精神 20. court of appeals上诉法院21. Royal Society皇家学会 22. a letter of patent 一个专利证书23. consecutive interpretation交替传译 24. instrument of ratification批准文书25. the six-party talks六方会谈 B. Translate the following words and phrases into English. Write down your translation on your Answer Sheet. 26.诺贝尔奖获得者Nobel laureates 27.福利基金Welfare fund 28.国际经济合作International Economic Cooperation29.珠江三角洲Zhujiang Delta 30.北洋军阀政府The Northern Warlord government 31.民族团结National unity 32.金融服务业The financial services industry 33.大陆架Continental shelf 34.世界文化遗产World Cultural Heritage 35.联合国教科文组织United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization 简称UNESCO 2011 7月 II.Words and phrases translation（20 points，1 point for each） A.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into Chinese. 16.a slender man一个身材瘦长的人 17.country-wide trade全国贸易 18.the Ethiopian highlands埃塞俄比亚高原 19.economic policy经济政策 20.great-grandmother(外)曾祖母 21.open sea公海 22.part-time river季节性河流 23.mineral oil矿物油 24.environmental law环境法 25.welcoming banquet欢迎宴会 B.Directions: Put the following words and phrases into English. 26.逃学Play truant 27.军阀政府The warlord government 28.九龙壁The nine dragon wall 29.基本方针Basic principle
<<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 试题及答案000154月自考英语二2014年第一部分：阅读判断（10*1分） Running: sport or way of life? You go through the channels several times and find that once again there's nothing on TV that interests you. Not a problem! Just put on some running shoes and comfortable clothes and go for a run. One of the best things about the sport of running is that you don't need expensive equipment. All you need is a good pair of running shoes and a safe environment. But don't be fooled into thinking the sport of running is easy. It requires discipline and concentration. Running is good for you both physically and mentally. It strengthens your heart, lungs, and muscles. It makes you more aware of your body. Running also improves your body so that you don't get sick as easily. It can even help you to stay more focused in school because exercise helps you to think more clearly. How do you get engaged in the sport if you don't know much about it? Most schools offer running programs. A simple Internet search can help you find some in your area. The programs show you how running can offer competition or just be for fun. They also teach runners to set practical goals and take care of their bodies. Runners have great respect for each other because they know how difficult the sport can be. If you go to a race, you'll see people cheering for all the runners. Running isn't always about how fast you are running or how far you're going. It's about getting out there and doing it. Participation is more important than competition, and effort is recognized over talent. It you're looking for more than just a sport, running may be the perfect choice for you. 1.You may find it interesting to go for a run. A.True B. False C. Not Given 2.The sport of running is easy. A.True B. False C. Not Given 3.It's hard to find a safe environment for running. 》》》》精品资料》<<<<<< <<<<<<精品资料》》》》》 A.True B. False C. Not Given 4.Running is good to people's body and mind. A.True B. False C. Not Given 5.A long-distance run is good in many ways. A.True B. False C. Not Given 6.You can find running programs online. A.True B. False C. Not Given 7.Running programs set goals for you.