2018.5 本试卷共12页，共120分。考试时长100分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题纸上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将答题纸交回。
第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
1. ----Excuse me, sir. Can you spare me a dollar _________ I can buy this book? ----Sure, no problem.
A. for
B. so
C. but
D. or
2. I need help now! I have to fix a leaking pipe in my bathroom but I’m not sure ______to begin.
A. what
B. which
C. where
D. when
3. Personally speaking, ________the grand blueprint into reality is a long process.
A. turning
B. turn
C. turned
D. having turned
4. I _____up my mind what I was going to say in the seminar, but it was cancelled.
A. have made
B. had made
C. was making
D. would make
5. You don’t need an invitation to help others. Give help _____you are asked.
A. if
B. as
C. though
D. before
6. By now 516 Confucius Institutes ______in 142 countries and regions, according to the Confucius Institute Headquarters.
A. founded
B. would found
C. have been founded
D. had been founded
7. The stadium ________ stands a theatre will be reconstructed.
A. beside which
B. for which
C. when
D. which
8. 40 grams of meat per day is ______ people should consume in order to stay fit.
A. that
B. why
C. how
D. what
9. Dream of the Red Chamber is believed to be semi-autobiographical, _______the fortunes of Cao’s own family.
A. mirrored
B. to mirror
C. mirroring
D. mirror
10. When I was small, my mom ________red me stories at night.
A. could
B. should
C. might
D. would
11. He messed the project up, but he behaved as if nothing __________.
A. had happened
B. happened
C. would happen
D. would have happened
12. ________some people criticize graffiti for begin ugly and destructive, those graffiti lovers still see it as real art.
A. As
B. While
C. Once
D. Until
13. ---How was your vacation in Seattle?
---Pretty good. In the evenings I __________ to pubs to enjoy beer.
A. have gone
B. go
C. had gone
D. went
14. _______naturally by the skin when exposed to sunlight, Vitamin D is needed for healthy bones, teeth and muscles.
A. Making
B. To make
C. Made
D. Make
15. This view is common _________ all sections of the community.
A. across
B. above
C. around
D. along
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
Double Trouble
When I was eight, I wanted a toy and needed $10 to buy it. But, as usual, I was broken. I decided to ask my 11-year-old sister, Kathleen, for a loan. I went to her room, 16 her for the cash. Laughing, she agreed to 17 me the money, but added, “I will charge you 10 percent compound interest every 18 until you pay me back.”
“Compound interest---what’s that?” I asked.
“Well, interest is what you call the 19 money borrowers have to pay back on
a loan,” she explained. “Compound interest means that the interest payments get bigger and bigger the 20 you take to pay back the loan. To repay the loan, you will need to give me $11 after one month. If you wait two months to pay me back, your 21 will grow from $10 to $11. So I’ll be charging you interest on $11. Then I will add that interest to the $11 you already owe me, for a 22 of $12.10. That’s what you’ll owe after two months.”
“Sure. I get it,” I said. Though truthfully, I was getting 23 .
Kathleen lent me the money, and I bought the toy. My birthday came a month later, and my mom gave me $10. 24 ,that was just the amount I needed to buy another toy I wanted 25 . I put off paying my sister for a month. After another month, I 26 about the loan.
Several months later, on Christmas morning, my sister and I each found a $02 bill in our stockings. I was just putting it into my pocket 27 Kathleen tapped me on the shoulder.
“Sorry, kiddo. That’s mine. I’m 28 on your debt.”
“Huh?” Then I remembered the loan. “Hey! How can it be that much? I 29 borrowed $10.”
“True,”she said, “but interest has been compounding for eight months. Now you
30 me $21.43.” She paused, then added. “You can pay me the $1.43.”
I 31 to believe that a $10 loan could more than double so quickly. Much to my
32 , my sister got her pencil and tablet and showed me exactly how it all added up.
My head 33 as I tried to keep track of Kathleen’s 34 , but this time, I got the basic idea of compound interest. I 35 the hard way that borrowing money can be “double trouble” in no time.
16. A. blaming B. begging C. searching D. preparing
17. A. pay B. send C. lend D. hand
18. A. month B. year C. week D. day
19. A. little B. same C. enough D. extra
20. A. shorter B. longer C. more D. less
21. A. cash B. saving C. note D. debt
22. A. total B. cost C. number D. bill
23. A. encouraged B. shocked C. confused D. satisfied
24. A. Gradually B. Obviously C. Unfortunately D. Hopefully
25. A. seriously B. anxiously C. secretly D. desperately
26. A. forgot B. knew C. talked D. cared
27. A. after B. until C. while D. when
28. A. carrying B. collecting C. relying D. focusing
29. A. normally B. nearly C. only D. really
30. A. owe B. offer C. take D. give
31. A. decided B. refused C. pretended D. managed
32. A. relief B. delight C. annoyance D. regret
33. A. turned B. nodded C. stuck D. hurt
34. A. calculations B. excuses C. directions D. discoveries
35. A. explored B. learned C. explained D. questioned
第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题纸上将该项涂黑。
A
My First Day of School
Fear started taking over, I was walking into my first school in America. I had traveled a long distance from India in order to join my parents, who had been for three years, hoping America would help my future. My father decided that I would be better off going to school here, so I enrolled(登记)in the local high school in my new town.
I was afraid how I would do. On the first day, I went to my second period class after I had missed my first. With anxiety, I reached for the door, opening it slowly. Without paying attention to my classmates, I went straight to the teacher and asked if this was the right class. With a soft voice he answered. “Yes.”His voice comforted me a little. He gave me a sheet called Course Requirements, which I would never get in India because we didn’t have anything like that. Then he asked me to choose where I would sit. I didn’t actually want to pick a seat. In India we had fixed seats, so I never needed to worry about that. I spent the rest of the class taking notes from the image produced by the overhead projector. In Indian schools, we didn’t use the technology we had. We had to take notes as the teacher spoke.
It was noon. I was very confused about when I would have lunch. I went to my next class and the bell rang as I entered. I went through the regular process of asking the teacher if I was in the right class. She said, “It’s still fourth period.”
“But the bell just rang,” I said.
Changing from a gentle tone to a harsher(刺耳的)one, she said, “That is the lunch bell, young man.”
I apologized. Without another word I headed for the cafeteria. I felt lucky because we didn’t have this in India. Every confusion seemed like a barrier I had to get through to reach my goal. At the end of the day, I was on my way to the bus which we didn’t have in India either. I spotted my bus and sat down inside happily. I was thinking, today wasn’t o bad.
36. The author attended an American high school because _______.
A. his father preferred American schools
B. his family wanted him to have a bright future
C. his mother had worked in it for 3 years
D. he had been longing to leave his homeland
37. What do we know about the author's first day of school?
A. He went to the wrong class for the second period
B. He met some enthusiastic teachers and classmates
C. He got the Course Requirements sheet from his classmate
D. He experienced differences from the Indian schools in many ways
38.How did the author feel at the end of the day?
A. Worried
B. Puzzled
C. Relieved
D. Excited
B
Why do you go to the library? For books, yes--but you like books
because
they tell stories. You hope to get lost in a story or be transported into someone else's life. At one type of library, you can do just that--even though there's not a single book.
At a Human Library, instead of books, you can “borrow” people. Individuals volunteer as human “b ooks”and participants in the event can “read” the book--meaning they would have a one-on-one conversation with the volunteer and share in a dialogue about that individual's experience. “Books” are volunteers from all walks of life who have experienced discrimination (歧视) based on race, religion, class, gender identity, age, lifestyle choices, disability and other aspects of their life
For a certain amount of time, you can ask them questions and listen to their stories, which are as fascinating and as attractive as any you can find in a book. Many of the stories have to do with some kind of stereotype. You can speak with a refugee (难民), a soldier suffering from PTSD, a homeless person or a woman living with HIV. The Human Library encourages people to challenge their own long-held beliefs-to truly get to know, and learn from someone they might otherwise make a quick judgment about.
According to its website, the Human Li brary is “a place where difficult questions
are expected, a ppreciated and answered.” It provides the oppo rtunity for the community to share and understand the experiences of others in their community.
The Human Library Organization came to be in Copenhagen, Denmark in 2000. Ronni Abergel, his brother Dany, and some colleagues hosted a four-day during a major Northern European festival, hoping to raise awareness about violence among youth. After the success of this event, Abergel founded the Human Library Organization, which has been growing ever since.
Though there are a few permanent human libraries, most aren’t places at all, but events. Though many do take place at physical libraries, you don’t need a library card—anyone can come and be part of the experience. There have been human library events all over the globe, in universities and in pubs, from Chicago to Tunis to Edinburgh to San Antonio.
The stories these "books" tell range from fascinating to heartbreaking and everything in between. And that's the very point of the organization--to prove that no person can be summed up in just one word. It seeks to show people that you truly can't judge a book by its cover---or by its title or label.
39. The “books” in human libraries are____________.
A. long-held beliefs attracting individuals
B. inspiring stones motivating people in trouble
C. events in which people can talk to volunteers
D. unfairly-treated people sharing their experiences
40. The event in Copenhagen is significant because it_______.
A. aimed to help the young suffering from violence
B. attempted to replace traditional physical libraries
C. laid a foundation for the Human Library Organization
D. led to a pleasing development for the community with racism
41. In human libraries, the readers are likely to_________.
A. deepen their understanding of people
B. enrich their own personal experiences
C. hear the stories from all over the world
D. make quick judgments about the “books”
42. The main purpose of the passage is to _________.
A. compare and evaluate
B. inform and explain
C. discuss and persuade
D. analyze and suggest
C
Norman Garmezy, a development psychologist at the University of Minnesota, met thousands of children in his four decades of research. A nine-year-old boy in particular stuck with him. He has an alcoholic mother and an absent father. But each day he would walk in to school with a smile on his face. He wanted to make sure that "no one would feel pity for him and no one would know his mother’s incompetence.” The boy exhibited a quality Garmezy identified as “resilience”.
Resilience presents a challenge for psychologists. People who are lucky enough to never experience any sort of adversity (逆境) won't know how resilient they are. It's only when they're faced with obstacles, stress, and other environmental threats that resilience, or the lack of it, comes out. Some give in and some conquer.
Garmezy 's work opened the door to the study of the elements that could enable an individual’s success despite the challenges they faced. His research indicated that some elements had to do with luck, but quite large set of elements was psychological, and had to do with how the children responded to the environment. The resilient children had what psychologists call an “inte rnal lens of control(内控点)”. They believed that they, and not their circumstances, affected their achievements. The resilient children saw themselves as the arrangers of their own fates.
Ceorge Bonanno has been studying resilience for years al Columbia University 's Teachers College. He found that some people are far better than others at dealing with adversity. This difference might come from perception(认知) whether they think of an event as traumatic(创伤), or as an opportunity to learn and grow. “Stressful” or “traumatic” events themselves don't have much predictive power when it comes to life outcomes. "Exposure to potentially traumatic events does not predict later
functioning,”Bonanno said. "It's on ly predictive if there's a negative response.” In other words, living through adversity doesn't guarantee that you'll suffer going forward.
The good news is that positive perception can be taught. "We can make ourselves more or less easily hurt by how we think about things," Bonanno said. In research at Columbia, the neuroscientist Kevin Ochsner has shown that teaching people to think of adversity in different ways--to reframe it in positive terms when the initial response is negative, or in a less emotional way when the initial response is emotionally “hot”---changes how they experience and react to the adversity.
43. According to the passage, resilience is an individual's ability________.
A. to think critically
B. to decide one’s own fate
C. to live a better life
D. to recover from adversity
44. What does the underlined word “they” in Paragraph 3 refer to?
A. The psychologists
B. The resilient children
C. Positive elements
D. Internal locus of control
45. According to Paragraph 4, we can learn that____________.
A. your positive perception may turn adversity around
B. stressful events are more predictive than delightful events
C. experiencing adversity predicts that you will go on suffering
D. a negative response doesn't guarantee you will suffer all the time
46. What is the author's purpose of writing this passage?
A. To teach people how to be resilient
B. To encourage people to live through adversity
C. To indicate people’s perception varies from each othe r
D. To compare different research findings about resilience
D
Science is finaly beginning to embrace animals who were, for a long time, considered second-class citizens.
As Annie Potts of Canterbury University has noted, chickens distinguish among one
hundred chicken faces and recognize familiar individuals even after months of separation. When given problems to solve, they reason: hens trained to pick colored buttons sometimes choose to give up an immediate food reward for a slightly later (and better) one. Healthy hens may aid friends, and mourn when those friend die.
Pigs respond meaningful to human symbols. When a research team led by Candace Croney at Penn State University carried wooden blocks marked with X and O symbols around pigs, only the O carriers offered food to the animals. The pigs soon ignored the X carriers in favor of the O's. Then the team switched from real-life objects to T-shirts printed with X or O symbols. Still, the pigs walked only toward the O-shirted people: they had transferred their knowledge to a two-dimensional format, a not inconsiderable feat of reasoning.
I’ve been guilty of prejudiced expectations, myself. At the start of my career almost four decades ago, I was firmly convinced that monkeys and apes out-think and out-feel other animals. They're other primates(灵长目动物), after all, animals from our own mammalian(哺乳动物的) class. Fairly soon, I came to see that along with our closest living relatives, whales too are masters of cultural learning, and elephants express profound joy and mourning with their social companions. Long-term studies in the wild on these mammals helped to fuel a viewpoint shift in our society: the public no longer so easily accepts monkeys made to undergo painful procedure kin laboratories, elephants forced to perform in circuses, and dolphins kept in small tanks at theme parks.
Over time, though, as I began to broaden out even further and explore the inner lives of fish, chickens, pigs, goats, and cows, I started to wonder: Will the new science of "food animals" bring an ethical (伦理的) revolution in terms of who we eat? In other words, will our ethics start to catch up with the development of our science?
Animal activists are already there, of course, committed to not eating these animals. But what about the rest of us? Can paying attention to the thinking and feeling of these animals lead us to make changes in who we eat?
47. According to Annie Potts, hens have the ability of_____________.
A. interaction
B. analysis
C. creation
D. abstraction
48. The research into pigs shows that pigs___________.
A. learn letters quickly
B. have a good eyesight
C. can build up a good relationship
D. can apply knowledge to new situations
49. Paragraph 4 is mainly about________.
A. the similarities between mammals and humans
B. the necessity of long-term studies on mammals
C. a change in people's attitudes towards animals
D. a discovery of how animals express themselves
50. What might be the best title for the passage?
A. The Inner Lives of Food Animals
B. The Lifestyles of Food Animals
C. Science Reports on Food Animals
D. A Revolution in Food Animals
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。
Sleep and Teens--Biology and Behavior
How much sleep do teens need? And how much sleep are they realistically getting? Based on current data, most teens need about 9-plus hours to have the best or most suitable sleep night. 51
Many factors combine to decrease sleep in adolescents. We can think in general of two major factors: biological, the brain processes that regulate the amount and timing of sleep, and behavior, all the psychological, parental, societal, cultural features of teen’s life.
__52 These changes lay the ground work for the biological night to occur later
during the teen years than before. Circadian Rhythms (daily biological clock) seems to slow down as young people progress through the middle school years. At the same time, the sleep pressure system appears to change in a way that makes it easier to stay awake longer, though without changing the amount of sleep that is needed.
Moreover, many teens have a "technological playground" in their bedrooms: television, computer with 24/7 Internet access, telephones, electronic game stations, MP3 players, and so forth. These technologies provide instant and constant contact with peers. Societal and media pressure to consume these technologies is now higher than ever. Yet society also requires that teens go to school at a time of day that is at odds with their biological and social lives. So we see teens turn to caffeine, late-night Internet and cramming in activity after activity as a means to keep awake. _____53 .
Problems emerge for lack of sleep. 54 For some, grades begin to suffer as they struggle to keep awake during class and while doing homework. And others may simply feel moody, never knowing how to feel or do their best. Worse still, many teens suffer from both physical and mental illness.
___55 The earlier teens can start this good sleep habit, the easier it will be for them to stay healthy, happy and smart.
A. Sleep experts recommend teens keep consistent sleep and wake schedule
B. Teens may schedule sleep like any other daily activity and make sleep a priority
C. Then they are trapped into a terrible situation where they would never get enough sleep
D. The sleep-wake bio-regulatory factors appear to change significantly during adolescence
E. Some teenagers struggle to wake up in the morning, often resulting in late or missed school
F. Teens may be driven to things that can wake them up because they'll fall asleep if they do not
G. However, it is indicated that most teens fall short of this goal, many by a
considerable amount.
第三部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
第一节（15分）
你班英语课上以“I Have A Dream”为题进行“说”的练习，请你写一份讲稿，内容包括： 1．你的梦想是什么；
2．你为何有此梦想；
3．你如何实现梦想。
注意：
1．词数不少于50；
2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everybody! ____________________________________________________________________
________________________________________________________________________________ _______
Thank you.
第二节（20分）
假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，用英语写一篇日记。记述上周末你和你的英国朋友Jim用微信支付购物的过程。
注意：词数不少于60。
提示词：二维码QR code; 糖葫芦candy-coated haws(tanghulu)
北京市海淀区2018届高三二模英语试题
英语
参考答案 2018.05 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分）
第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分）
1. B
2. C
3. A
4. B
5. D
6. C
7. A
8. D
9. C 10. D 11. A 12. B 13. D 14. C 15. A
第二节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，共30分）
16. B 17. C 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. D
26. A 27. D 28. B 29. C 30. A 31. B 32. C 33. D 34. A 35. B
第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）
36. B 37. D 38. C 39. D 40. C 41.A 42. B 43. D 44. B
45. A
46. A 47. B 48. D 49. C 50. A
第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，共10分）
51. G 52. D 53. C 54. E 55. A
第四部分：书面表达（共两节，35分）
One Possible Version
Hello, everybody! I’m very glad to share my dream with you.
I have a dream that one day I could be a pianist. I dream of playing a sweet tune for those who need music, bringing happiness to sorrowful souls and enthusiasm to weary spirits.
I love music, and I love the feeling of playing music in front of the audience. Of all the instruments, the delicate yet powerful sound a piano makes impresses me most.
It’s clear that I have a long way to go before I realize my dream. Therefore, I will practice every day as long as time permits and learn as many songs as I can.
I will put my heart into my pursuit of music and never give up.
I am confident that one day my dream will come true. Thank you.
第二节（20分）
One Possible Version
It seems that everything in China is new to my British friend, Jim.
Last weekend, when Jim and I were wandering on the streets, enjoying the beautiful scenery and fresh air of spring, a candy-coated haws stand caught his attention. Having never tasted a candy-coated haw, he immediately went up to buy one.
However, the vendor shook her head when seeing the 100-yuan note Jim handed over to her. She had no change! How disappointed Jim was! He was about to quit when I took out my cellphone, scanned the QR code on the stand and paid the vendor 5 yuan.
Jim was surprised at what I had done. Then I explained to him that nowadays in China QR codes were everywhere, and we could pay with a cellphone for almost everything. “Wow!” Jim said, “The candy-coated haw tastes great, and the payment method seems even greater!”
海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习 语文2018.5 一、本大题共8小题，共24分。 阅读下面的材料，完成1--8题。 材料一 最近，一款名为“旅行青蛙”的游戏在网络上走红。游戏主角是一只青蛙，它独自吃饭，读书，外出旅行。玩家能做的，就是在庭院里采摘三叶草“赚钱”，为它准备餐食，给它整理出发的行靠，然后发现它一声不响地离开，再等它悄无声息地归来。没有激烈炫目的画面，没有复杂的操作流程，游戏设置朴素到寡淡，却让很多人投入其中，原因在于这款游戏对现实生活的深刻隐喻引发了人们强烈的共鸣。 “养蛙”，“养娃”，相近的读音，让人联想到相似的生活场景。傍晚归家，我们总会看到餐桌上摆好了父母早已准备好的可口饭菜；离开家乡，日益年迈的父母除了惦念，能做的也只是帮助我们整理行囊，多备些衣物吃食，将家的温暖尽力延续得久一点儿。这份长情的付出，是游戏内外并无二致的父母深情。只不过，这份深情常常被一种“空巢”的孤独覆盖。前一晚，“蛙儿子”还在桌前吃饭、床上读书，第二天一早，房间里却已不见踪影。更多时间，是玩家一人面对空荡荡的房间，等待它的归来。玩家只能凭借它从远方寄来的一张张照片去想象“蛙儿子”过得怎样，现在何方。那份独自思念的寂寥，那份不知归期的守候，让我们隐约体会到了父母“空巢”之后的苦楚与不易，却也难说我们真正懂得了那些一别数载、难得团聚的“空巢老人”的复杂心情。毕竟，游戏带来的体验与现实相比，还是浅薄了些。 反观这只青蛙，何尝不是另一种“空巢”角色? 独自吃饭，独自远行，独自生活，这只蛙的日常状态，也是背井离乡、独自于远方拼搏的“空巢青年”的现实写照。他们每天随着人流上班、回家，日常饮食常靠外卖速食解决，更多的时间里形单影只，独自排解内心的孤独。偶尔给父母打一个电话，想一吐心中的落寞和艰难，但电话接通的瞬间，心又变得坚强起来，于是在寒暄问候中，多说新成绩，少说不容易，就像游戏里青蛙寄回的照片，不时展现各种美景，让我们愉悦和安心。 两种“空巢”的孤独，凝结在掌间的屏幕上，一款游戏折射出现实人生。 (取材于文紫啸等的相关文章) 1.根据材料一，下列对“旅行青蛙”游戏的理解，不正确的一项是(2分) A.游戏走红的原因是青蛙能够时时与玩家互动 B.玩家“养蛙”的情境，让人联想到父母对子女的付出 C.一张张美景照片是玩家想象青蛙旅行生活的唯一凭借 D.青蛙独自在外生活，就像“空巢青年”一样 2.下则对材料一中加点词话的解说，不正确的一项是（2分) A.悄无声息：“悄”的意思是“没有声音”，读音为“qiǎo” B.炫目：意思是“光彩夺目”，也可写作“眩目” C.并无二致：意思是“没有多大区别”，近义词是“相差无几” D、寒暄“暄”是“温暖”的意思，“寒暄”不可写成“寒喧” 3.请结合《论语·里仁》中“父母在，不远游。游必有方”这句话。谈谈你对材料一中背井离乡、独自于远方拼搏的青年的看法(5分) 材料二 随着高科技的突飞猛进，电子游戏已进入千家万户，继绘画、雕刻、建筑、音乐、诗歌、舞蹈、戏剧、电影之后，成为人类历史上的第九艺术。 根据最新发布的国际市场数据分析报告，2018年游戏软硬件产业收入将达1650亿至1000美元，并在2022年前达到2300亿至2350亿美元的规模。如果预测成真，五年后的游戏软硬件产业收入将超过现今全球150个国家的GDP 。从最早的示波器乒乓游戏到后来的FC红白机、街机。PnySation PC机、智能手机，电子游戏虽然只发展了半个多世纪，却势如破竹，以其独特的魔力成为了电子设备上不可或缺的一种娱乐方式。 现在，电子游戏开始向虚拟现实狂奔。“虚拟现实”是一个技术系统，是综合了计算机图形、多媒体、传感器、人机交互、网络、立体显示以及仿真等多种科学技术发展起来的。这种新技术力求给用户带来无限接近真实的浸入式使用体验，因而被广泛应用于电子游戏中。比如，在刘慈欣的小说《三体》中，玩家进入三体游戏之前，需要穿上由一个全视角显示头盔和一套感应服构成的“V装具”。通过记录视网膜特征，感应服可以使玩家从肉体上感觉到游戏中的击打、刀刺和火烧，能产生出酷热和严寒的效果，甚至还能逼真地模拟出身体暴露在风雪中的感觉。 当虚拟现实技术日益普及之后，所有二维的屏幕都能非常轻易地被“虚拟现实”系统替代，多自由度、多感官通道融合所带来的信息刺激，将为大脑营造出极近真实的幻觉，它将可以放大并操控每一个人的情绪反应与感官体验。虚拟现实技术的用户不再是那个被隔离在内容之外的观看者，而是参与者、体验者，可以瞬间参与一场激烈的战争，或者踏入一片静谧的丛林，又或者站在一颗遥远荒芜的行星上。 但是，随之而来的问题是，当我们可以借助技术手段模拟、仿真、复制、创造外部世界对人类感官的刺激信号时，虚拟与现实的界限已经模糊，甚至真假难辦了，这时人类将更难以区分虚拟游戏与现实生活。(取材于阿莫、骆立玛等的相关文章) 4.下列对材料二的理解与推断，不正确的一项是(2分) A.作为人类历史上的第九艺术，电子游戏已进入千家万户，丰富了人们的生活。
静安区高三年级英语期中（二模）测试卷（2018.5） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. By the seaside. B. In a restaurant. C. In a supermarket. D. At home. 2. A. Driving the private car costs little. B. Taking subway requires a special pass. C. It’s more convenient to carry canned fish by pri vate cars. D. It’s uncomfortable to take the subway. 3. A. A phone company clerk. B. A mechanic. C. A travel agent. D. A marriage consultant. 4. A. The woman should go out to work. B. The woman should take charge of the cleaning herself. C. Maids are not very trustworthy these days. D. He contributes a lot to the family economy. 5. A. He is not clever enough for the math club. B. He doesn’t have enough enthusiasm to explore math. C. He lacks former experiences in math study. D. He will be sooner or later admitted into the math club. 6. A. 2. B. 3. C. 5. D. 7. 7. A. The woman was mistaken about where she lost her ipad. B. The woman’s ipad might be kept well in the library. C. There’s a very slight chance of finding back her ipad. D. Her ipad is for public use so she might as well buy a new one. 8. A. As a science fiction fan, she has already seen the film. B. She will go to deal with a dental problem then. C. She will go for a business appointment then. D. She is not very happy to go to see a film with the man. 9. A. Her personal feeling quite contrasts with the research finding. B. Reading books is teenagers’ favourite activity. C. All the researches are offering misleading information. D. Mobile phones have taken none of teenagers’ leisure time. 10. A. Previous customers have bought up the ovens on sale. B. Many other goods on sale are still available. C. The man can buy the oven through other channels. D. The oven is now sold at regular price. Section B Directions: In Section B, you will hear two passages and one longer conversation. After each passage or conversation, you will be asked several questions. The passages
2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语(北京卷) 第一部分:知识运用(共两节,45分) 第一节单项填空(共15小题;每小题1分,共15分) 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项, 并在答题卡上:将该项涂黑。 例： it's so nice to hear from her again＿＿，we last met more than thirty years ago. A. what's more B. That’s to say C. In other words D. Believe it or not 答案是D。 1.-Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around？ -Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just＿＿on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 2. ＿＿we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 3. ＿＿along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A. Travel
B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled 4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and ＿＿as a volunteer in the neighborhood. when I visited her last year A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 5. She and her family bicycle to work, helps them keep fit A. which B. who C.as D. that 6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together＿＿a meal, admire the moon and enjoy moon cakes. A. share B. to share C. having shared D. shared 7. China's high-speed railways from 9,000 to 25,000 kilometers in the pastfew years. A. are growing B. have grown C. will grow D. had grown 8. In any unsafe situation, simply＿＿the button and a highly-trained agent will get you the help you need. A. press
普陀区2017学年第二学期高三英语质量调研 参考答案 I. Listening Section A 1-5 B C A B C 6-10 D C B D D Section B 11-13 C A D 14-16 B B D 17-20 A D B A II. Grammar and Vocabulary Section A 21. on 22. to serve 23. that 24. involved 25. what 26. had become 27. where 28. them 29. but 30. have been found Section B 31-35 E J K B A D I G H C III. Reading Comprehension Section A 41-45 CDABD 46-50 ABDAC 51-55 CBABC Section B 56-59 C D B B 60-62 CA C 63-66 C B C D Section C 67-70 D A F B IV. Summary Writing For Reference： A study shows if a person has a good short-term memory he is likely to feel bored quickly. Assuming memories of past experience may influence the different rates at which some people feel fed up, two researchers conducted a test, relating students’ memory capacity to their performance, and got the result. The findings may apply to marketing, self-controlling and educating. (60)
2018成人学士学位英语考试试题 I. Reading comprehension Passage 1 Since its founding in 1948, McDonald's has grown from a family burger (汉堡包) stand to a global fast-food chain, with more than 30,000 locations in 118 countries. With 58 million daily customers worldwide, McDonald’s is now s o ubiquitous around the globe that The Economist publishes a global ranking of currencies' purchasing power based on the prices charged at the local McDonald’s, called the Big Mac Index (巨无霸指数).That’s not to say that every nation carries the same m enu i tems: choices vary widely depending on location. Some Asian locations serve fried shrimp in a Big Mac roll, while McDonald’s in India doesn’t serve beef at all, relying instead on burgers made from vegetables, rice and beans. Not everyone in the world has been happy to greet Ronald McDonald when he moves to town. Many s ee McDonald's as a symbol of American economic and cultural chauvinism (沙文主义), and European nations in particular have viewed American-style fast food as an insult to their national food. A French farmer, Jose Bove, became something of a national hero in 1999 after he and a group of people destroyed a McDonald's under construction to protest globalization and "bad food." The next year, a bomb e xploded in a French McDonald’s, killing a 27-year-old employee. (76) (76)No one claimed responsibility. But regardless of whether you like their food or their policies, McDonald’s is still widely seen as one of the true pioneers of peaceful globalization. 1. According to the passage, which of the following statements is NOT TRUE. A. McDonald's was founded in 1948. B. McDonald’s has opened its restaurants in every city of the world. C. McDonald’s has over 30,000 locations in the world now. D. McDonald’s was very small in scale in the beginning. 2. The word ubiquitous in Paragraph 2 is most likely to mean ____. A. very crowded B. very dean C. existing everywhere D. occurring frequently 3. From Paragraph 2, we can conclude that ____. A. McDonald’s designs its menu to suit the local people B. millions of young adults got their first job with McDonald’s C. the McDonald’s menu sticks to old-fashioned favorites such as the Big Mac D. the low prices McDonald’s bring tens of millions of people through its doors every day 4. What did Jose Bove and his people do in 1999 to protest against McDonald's? A. They organized a strike. B. They protested outside a McDonald’s. C. They refused to go to a newly-built McDonald’s. D. They destroyed a McDonald’s under construction. 5. In ____, an employee died in a fatal bomb attack on a McDonald’s restaurant in France.
海淀区高三年级第二学期期末测试 物理2020.6 本试卷共8页，100分。考试时长90分钟。考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分 本部分共14题，每题3分，共42分。在每题列出的四个选项中，选出最符合题目要求的一项。 1．下列说法中正确的是 A．天然放射现象说明原子具有复杂的结构 B．太阳辐射的能量主要来自太阳内部的核聚变 C．原子核分成单个核子的过程一定有质量亏损，释放出能量 D．一群处于n=2能级的氢原子自发跃迁，可能发出3种不同频率的光子 2．下列说法中不．正确 ．．的是 A．水和酒精混合后的总体积小于二者原来的体积之和，说明分子间有空隙 B．将香水瓶盖打开后能闻到香水的气味，这是扩散现象 C．在绕地球运行的“天宫二号”中飘浮的水滴几乎呈球形，这是表面张力作用使其表面具有收缩趋势而引起的结果 D．用气筒给自行车车胎打气时要用力才能压缩空气，这说明空气分子间存在斥力 3．下列说法中正确的是 A．用光导纤维束传送图像信息，这其中应用到了光的全反射现象 B．通过两支夹紧的笔杆间缝隙看发白光的灯丝能观察到彩色条纹，这是光的偏振现象C．用三棱镜观察太阳光谱是利用光的干涉现象 D．肥皂泡在阳光下出现彩色条纹，这是光的衍射现象 4．如图1所示为小明玩蹦床的情景，其中A位置表示床面未受压力时的平衡位置，B 位置是他从最高点直立下落的过程中将床面所压到的最低位置。若床 面始终在弹性限度内，空气阻力及床面的质量均可忽略不计，对于小 明从最高点下落到最低点的过程，下列说法中正确的是 A．床面从A位置下降到B位置的过程中，小明的动能不断变小 B．床面在B位置时，小明所受合外力为零 C．小明接触床面前处于失重状态，接触床面后处于超重状态 D．小明从最高点运动到将床面压至B位置的过程中，重力对他 的冲量与床面对他的冲量大小相等 5．为了演示“感应电流的磁场总要阻碍引起感应电流的磁通 量的变化”的现象，老师做了这样的演示实验：如图2所示，铝制 水平横梁两端各固定一个铝环，其中A环是闭合的，B环是断开的， 横梁可以绕中间的支点在水平面内转动。当装置静止不动时，用一 磁铁的N极去接近A环，发现A环绕支点沿顺时针（俯视）方向 转动。若不考虑空气流动对实验结果的影响，关于该实验，下列说法中正确的是A B A B 图2
总翻二模译汇上2018海英语高三宝山） 72.我对这场比赛的结果抱乐观态度。（optimisticI am optimistic about the result of the game /match. ）（73. 许多人把迟到看作是一个小问题，其实不然。thinkMany people think of being late as a small problem, but in fact it's not./it can have serious consequences. 无人驾驶技术解决了人们的困惑，使开车打电话成为可能。(…it…) 74.Driverless technology solves people's puzzle and makes it possible to make a phone call /talk on the phone while driving. 人生中最可怕的不是你即使努力了仍一事无成，而是碌碌无为却以平凡可贵安慰自己。75. （...not...but...）The most horrible/terrible/ dreadful/ fearful/ frightening/frightful thing that can happen in your life is not that you achieved/accomplished nothing even though you tried, but that you do nothing at all/give up and tell yourself it is precious to be just . ordinary崇明 72. 何不利用这宜人的天气出去野餐呢？(advantage) 73. 当你对情况一知半解时，不要随意发表见解。(knowledge) 74. 到底是什么促使你放弃了这么稳定的工作，来到这个偏远地区保护野生动物？(it) 75. 人工智能正以如此快的速度改变着整个世界，你很难预测未来的生活究竟会是什么样子。(So) 72. Why not take advantage of the agreeable weather and go out for a picnic? (1+1+1) don't express your 73. When you have a limited/foggy knowledge of the situation, . (2+1) opinions casually/randomly74. What was it that made you give up such a stable job and come to the remote area to protect wild animals? (1+1+1+1) 75. So quickly is artificial intelligence changing the whole world that it is hard for you to predict what life will be like in the future. (1+2+1+1) 奉贤）（popular72. 与家人外出度假日益受到人们的推崇。 access）73. 寒暑假期间， 我们学校的各类体育设施向市民开放。（ despite）74. 智能手机给人们生活带来了许多便捷，
绝密★启用前 2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 英语（北京卷） （考试时间：100分钟试卷满分：120分） 考生务必将答案答在答题卡上，在试卷上作答无效。 考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分：知识运用（共两节，45分） 第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，共15分） 从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 例：It's so nice to hear from her again. _________, we last met more than thirty years ago. A. What's more B. That's to say D. Believe it or not C. In other words 答案是D。 1. —Hi, I'm Peter. Are you new here? I haven't seen you around? —Hello, Peter. I'm Bob. I just _________ on Monday. A. start B. have started C. started D. had started 2. _________ we don't stop climate change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone. A. Although B. While C. If D. Until 3. _________ along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience A. Travel B. Traveling C. Having traveled D. Traveled 4. Susan had quit her well-paid job and _________ as a volunteer in the neighborhood when I visited her last year. A. is working B. was working C. has worked D. had worked 5. She and her family bicycle to work, _________ helps them keep fit. A. which B. who C.as D. that 6. During the Mid-Autumn Festival, family members often gather together _________ a meal, admire the moon
海淀区高三年级第二学期期末练习语文2019.5 一、本大题共7小题,共26分。 阅读下面的材料,完成1-7题。 材料一 路遥是我国当代文学史上一位极其重要的现实主义作家,他把目光投向变革中的现实生活,关注社会底层小人物的情感与命运。他用生命所建构的文学世界,呈现了积极向上的时代精神,也照亮了无数人前行的路。 路遥的长篇小说《平凡的世界》主要反映1975年到1985年城乡广阔的社会生活。他在《早晨从中午开始》中这样说:“这十年是中国社会的大转型时期,其间充满了密集的重大的历史事件。我的基本想法是,要用历史和艺术的眼光观察在这种社会大背景下人的生存与生活状态。作品中将要表露的对某些特定历史背景下政治事件的态度,看似是作者的态度,其实基本应该是那个历史条件下人物的态度,作者应该站在历史的高度上,真正体现巴尔扎克所说的‘书记官’的职能。 现实主义作品的创作方式,要求路遥一丝不苟、全方位地占有资料,熟悉所书写时代的特征与气质。路遥用6年左右的时间,潜心阅读了一百多部长篇小说,阅读了大量政治、经济、历史、宗教、文化以及农业、工业、科技、商业等方面的书籍,还翻阅过这十年间的各类报刊杂志,手指头翻烂了,就缠上胶布翻。他屡次重返陕北故乡,深入到工矿企业、学校、集镇等地,进行生活的“重新到位”,加深对农村、城镇变革的感性体验。应该说,路遥在动笔创作这部“宏大叙事”的作品前就做足了功课。但路遥所坚持的现实主义创作方法,在当时被文学评论界认为“过于陈旧”。 在新的文学潮流面前,路遥并没有选择迎合,而是坚定地固守传统。路遥所以执拗地坚持现实主义创作方法,按他的说法:“生活和题材决定了我应采用的表现手法,文学的‘先进’不是因为描写了‘先进’的生活,而是对特定历史进程中的人类活动作了准确而深刻的描绘。在中国这种一貫的文学环境中,独立的文学品格自然要经受重大考验。在这种情况下,你之所以还能够坚持,是因为你的写作干脆不面对文学界,不面对批评界,而直接面对读者。只要读者不遗弃你,就证明你能够存在。就这样,路遥以极大的艺术自信向着既定的目标前行,抱病完成了《平凡的世界》的创作。198年12月30日,路遥给时任《文学评论》常务副主编蔡葵的信中,再次明确地宣誓了自己现实主义的创作观:“当别人用西式餐具吃中国这盘莱的时候,我并不为自己仍然拿筷子吃饭而害臊 事实上,路遥用最在乎读者的创作方法为读者做出的“这盘菜”,果真赢得了大众的好评。《平凡的世界》于1991年3月荣获第三届茅盾文学奖,其时的路遥仍保持着高度清醒的头脑,他强调“全身心地投入到生活之中,在无数胼手胝足创造伟大历史、伟大现实、伟大未来的劳动人民身上领悟人生大境界、艺术大境界,应该是我们毕生的追求”。 路遥是地道的陕北农民的儿子,陕北文化大气、包容、担当、进取、利他的特点给予其特殊的熏陶与滋养。他懂得自己的艺术创作在本质上与父亲的劳动并无二致,并由此生发出许多至理名言:如“像牛一样劳动,像土地一样奉献”“有耕种才有收获;即使没有收获,也不为此而终生遗憾”……这些具有农民哲思的人生箴言,是路遥这位有着深刻农民情结与土地情结的作家人生体悟的真实流露,这也是他长期思考人生的出发点与落脚点。由此,他才有“作家的劳动,绝不仅是为了取悦于当代,更重要的是给历史一个深厚的交代”的响亮声音。 《平凡的世界》真实地记录了那个大转型时期,承担了“历史书记官”的功能;小说所传达出的精神价值,是对中华民族千百年来“自强不息、厚德载物”精神传统的继承,提供了鼓舞读者向上与向善的正能量。小说中的人物成为改革开放大潮下芸芸众生的缩影,人生充满挫折但自强不息,出身卑微但敢于追求爱情。《平凡的世界》重构了中国社会的精神食粮,温暖了无数人心。它尊重了大众并引导了大众、提升了大众,让无数读者在其间找到了精神寄寓。 (取材于梁向阳《路遥:“像牛一样劳动,像土地一样奉献”》) 1.下列词语在文中不能表现路遥“像牛一样劳动”的一项是(2分) A. 潜心 B.屡次 C.执拗 D.抱病 2.下列说法不属于路遥现实主义创作观的一项是(3分) A.关注社会底层小人物的情感与命运 B.用历史和艺术的眼光观察社会生活 C.反映创造人类历史的劳动者的大境界 D.跟随新的文学浪潮描写“先进”生活 3.《平凡的世界》中的人物是“改革开放大潮下芸芸众生的缩影”,具有典型意义。请根据材料一的内容,以孙少平或孙少安为例,分析其典型意义。(4分) 4.作家梁向阳曾说:“作品是作家生命的存在方式,也是作家最好的纪念碑。”请根据材料一,为路遥《平凡的世界》这一“纪念碑”式的作品拟写题词。不超过20字。(4分)
2017学年第二学期高三英语教学质量检测试卷 （满分140分，考试时间120分钟） I. Listening Comprehension Section A Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. 1. A. He is angry. B. He is exhausted. C. He is hungry. D. He is disappointed. 2. A. Go over his lessons. B. Attend the party. C. Eat out with friends. D. Take the final exam. 3. A. She is most likely to be arrested. B. She has forgotten to call the police. C. She may have lost her driving license. D. She is lying to the police officer. 4. A. Bill broke his promise. B. Mum will probably reward Bill. C. Bill failed in the test. D. Mum is worried about Bill’s work. 5. A. Make a recovery plan. B. Go back to work. C. Drop out of school. D. Quit her present job. 6. A. She gave him a lift home again. B. She offered him an extra room. C. She treated him well at her home. D. She spared much time for him. 7. A. She doesn’t have time to find a new flat. B. She has not paid enough rent in advance. C. She is unlikely to give up the nice flat. D. She wants to decorate the flat during the holiday. 8. A. Extreme sports. B. Travel insurance. C. Bungee jumping. D. Diving safety. 9. A. Sh e likes Phillips’ singing very much. B. She appreciates other kinds of musicals. C. She enjoys the changes of his musicals. D. She admires other singers more than Phillips. 10. A. American students are too talkative in class. B. It is hard to learn a lot in an American school. C. One can join in schooling in different ways. D. Active participation is greatly encouraged. Section B Directions:In Section B, you will hear several longer conversation(s) and short passage(s), and you will be asked several questions on each of the conversation(s) and the passage(s). The conversation(s) and the passage(s) will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard. Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.
虹口区 2017 学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试 高三英语试卷2018.04 考生注意： 1. 考试时间 120 分钟，试卷满分 140 分。 2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。 3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。 第 I 卷 (共 100 分) I. Listening Comprehension II. Grammar and vocabulary Section A Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; f or the other blanks, use one word that best f its each blank. Nook’s arrival, Good or Bad? Book lovers, most of them, will tell you(21)_________ a pleasure it is to lend a favorite read to the friend the novel you stayed up all night to get to the end of ; the travel book that made you feel (22) _________you yourself w ere on a train ride through India. For a while it seemed that e-book users w ere to be denied this pleasure of lending to friends. You could buy a book or magazine for your reading device, but you couldn't lend it out. But now, with the Nock, the US book chain Barnes and Noble's response to Amazon's Kind le, electronic readers will be ab le to have their latest literary enthusiasm(23) _________ (press) on their friends, just like readers of physical books can, You simply email the book from your Nook and your friend can read it for two weeks, (24) _________ (use) any device with the Barnes& Noble e-book reader software. It's a big improvement from previous e-book readers. The Nook offers other features too. You read in black and white on the main screen. just like with Kind le. The difference is (25) _________on the lower part of the device there's a colour touch screen,(26) _________allow s you to browse through a book or a magazine , but goes black when you're not using it so that you save power. (27) _________exciting thing about the Nook is that it offers Wi-Fi, arguably a big advance on previous e-book readers. Customers in the United States can use the Internet connection (28) _________ (read) whole e-books at Barnes& Noble for hundreds of bookstores for free. None of Barnes& Noble’s competitors can come close to this. But the Nook, ironically,(29) _________ (turn out) to be a money-loser for Barnes& Noble,