T O E F L J u n i o r语法题小托福语言形式与
含义
TJ时态题
官方指南
1. He ___ one of his other classes on a field trip to the aquarium this Saturday.
A. take
B. to take
C. is taking
D. was taken
TJ语态题
1. A man’s wristwatch ___ in the lobby of Liugi’s Pizza Restaurant on Tuesday, February 16.
A. finds
B. finding
C. has found
D. was found
2. Given new technologies and advanced training techniques, ski jumping records will surely continue ___
A. are broken
B. to be broken
C. breaking them
D. have been breaking
3. They ___ to provide a lot of living spaces, not for long, dangerous voyages.
A. build
B. are built
C. have built
D. are building
TJ连词/介词/副词
1. _____ you were at basketball practice today, your teacher, Mr. Morris, called on the phone to talk with you.
A.So
B. While
C. Because
D. Although
2. _____ the construction , the front entrance to the science building will be closed. ____, all students will have to use the doors on the north side to enter the building. A. At B. On C. Over
D. During
A. As a result
B. Even though
C. All of a sudden
D. On the other hand
3. Cuckoos, cowbirds, and widowbirds are three examples ___ birds that are brood parasites.
A. of
B. by
C. for
D. from
4. My mother asked me if I wanted anyone else to come, __ the first person I thought of was you!
A. but
B. and
C. while
D. therefore
5. Known throughout recorded history, they are __- used by people all around the world.
A. yet
B. still
C. ever
D. then
6. ____ the way they are made may be different from region to region, houseboats are very similar in many ways.
A.It is
B.When
C. Because
D. Although
7. Most of them have flat bottoms, and they are wider ___ normal boats.
A. of
B. as
C. than
D. from
TJ词汇
1.He said he is___ you the chance first because of the great report you wrote about whale.
A. asking
B. offering
C. deciding
D. discussing
2. While this work is being done, most classes will continue as usual inside the building. However, if some classes need to be moved _____ to other rooms, teachers will inform their students.
A. greatly
B. temporarily
C. successfully
D. thoughtfully
3. The diet of basking shark ___ of fish and small animals such as squid, shrimp, and crabs.
A. resists
B. insists
C. consists
D. persists
4. I am an only child, so I was ___ by how big Henry’s family was.
A. amazed
B. ignored
C. accepted
D .expected
5. I am writing to invite you to my birthday party on Sunday afternoon, May 15. All my school friends and a few of my teachers will be ___
A. attending
B. inviting
C. staying
D. arriving
6. The next assignment for art class will be different from ___ one.
A. extra
B. previous
C. continued
D. interesting
TJ 定从
1. Anyone ____ at the restaurant that day and is missing a watch should call Liugi’s at 555-1953.
A. a guest was
B. a guest being
C. he was a guest
D. who was a guest
2. His friends at school had said that the woman who lived in the house was unfriendly, but Dan was sure that _________ in his yard was hers.
A. finding the cat
B. the cat he had found
C. he had found the cat
D. the cat had been found
3.Anyone ___ about the upcoming construction work should contact the school’s main office.
A. is having a question
B.they have questions
C. there is a question
D. who has questions
4. When it is hungry, it looks for places ____ great numbers of these small animals can be found.
A. what
B. where
C. which
D. whose
5. _____ I met Henry I was just seven years old.
A. First time
B. The first time
C. Being the first time
D. It was the first time
6. A brood parasite is a creature——usually a bird, fish or insect——______another creature into raising its young.
A. tricks
B. to trick
C. tricking
D. that tricks
7. You can do a clay sculpture, a drawing, a watercolor painting, or anything else___
A. before we in class have done.
B. done in class we have before
C. we have before in class done
D. we have done before in class.
8. Ski jumping is a winter sport ___ competitors ski quickly down a hill and launch themselves into the air.
A. the
B. that
C. which
D. in which
9. Corn is a tall plant ___ edible seeds grouped in large ears.
A. its stems carry
B. stems carrying
C. carried on its stems
D. with stems that carry
10. Houseboats are boats ___ for people.
A. served as homes
B. and homes serving
C. that serve as homes
D. as homes that are served
TJ 宾从表从
1. People’s behavior in pubic events has changed during the years, perhaps because views on ___ appropriate have changed.
A. considering what
B. they considered it
C. what is considered
D. that it is considered
2. That was ___ people showed their regard for a performer’s skills.
A. why
B. how
C. what
D. which
3.It may come as a surprise to many, however, that long ago, this is exactly ___.
A. what people did
B. that people do it
C. people had done it
D. what did people do
4.What is more important is ____ carefully about what you want to create before you begin.
A. it is thought
B. that you think
C. you think of it
D. what you think
5. He enjoyed skiing and liked to show his fellow soldiers ______ while skiing downhill.
A. so far he could jump
B. how far he could jump
C. to be able to jump so far
D. and he could jump that far
6. It is believed to have been first grown by humans in ___.
A. now Mexico
B.now is Mexico
C. what is now Mexico
D. where Mexico is now
状语从句
1. When the baby birds hatch from their eggs. the host bird—the bird that is being tricked—feeds the brood parasite’s baby ___ one of its own.
A. it were as if
B. were as it if
C. as if it were
D. if as it were
TJ比较级
1.One student finished the problem ___ Ms. Murphy, but his answer was incorrect.
A. as fast
B. fastest
C. to be fast
D. faster than
2. Long ago, classical music was not thought to be ____ it is now.
A. more serious since
B. so serious than
C.as serious so
D. as serious as
3. Even though Henry was two years ___ was, we quickly became friends.
A. older than me
B. as old was I
C. older than I
D. old as I
4. Back then, however, corn did not look quite the same _____
A. to corn today
B.as it does today
C. that corn is today
D. than today’s does
TJ句子结构
1. _____ from Barksdale High School won this year’s regional mathematics competition.
A. Because a student
B. Being a student
C. It was a student
D.
A student
2. Unlike some other sharks, the basking shark is ___ humans.
A. no threat to
B. no threatening
C. not to threaten
D. a threat is not to
3. ___ into its mouth and continues out through a special filter structure that traps the small fish and other creatures.
A. Water flows
B. Flowing water
C. To flow water
D. Water flow
4. Henry’s three older sisters, his grandparents ,and an uncle ___ with Henry and his parents.
A. in the house together all lived
B. lived together in all the house
C. together all in the house lived
D. all lived in the house together
5. A brood parasite bird put its own eggs into another bird’s nest and ___ the other bird take care of the eggs.
A. lets
B. it let
C. to let
D. letting
6. _____ by selectively breeding corn over many years that Native Americans developed types of corn with hundreds of seeds per year.
A. Until
B. It was
C. Although
D. There was
TJ非谓语
1. ______ next Tuesday, the science building will be under construction.
A. Beginning
B. Begins
C. Is beginning
D. To have begun
2. Once it locates an area ___ with fish, a basking shark simply opens its huge mouth and slowly swims through it.
A. a crowd
B. crowded
C. has crowded
D. it is crowded
3. It would be hard ___ the audience clapping in the middle of a performance.
A. imagines
B. imagined
C. to imagine
D. imagination
2. Also, please remember ___ of the way of all construction equipment.
A. keeping out
B. to keep out
C. keeps out
D. kept out
3. ____ a basking shark will filter up two thousand tons of water per hour.
A. Enough food is obtained,
B. To obtain enough food,
C. Enough food obtaining,
D. It obtains enough food,
4. Corn is also one of the oldest crops, ___ as a food for the last 7000 years.
A. using it
B. has used it
C. has been used
D. having been used
固定搭配
1. While this work is being ____, most classes will continue as usual inside the building.
A. done
B. made
C. taken
D. entered
代词
1. A parasite is a living thing that benefits at the expense of ____ living thing.
A. the
B. that
C. other
D. another
2. You can choose ___ subject you want.
A. any
B. that
C. some
D. another
3. Unlike the first jumps of the sports’ early days, which were ___ dozen meters long at most, ___ can exceed 200 meters.
A. a few
B. less
C. a little
D.
a small
A. those of today
B.it is of those today
C. and those are of today
D. to make those of today
倒装
1. ____ his skiing trick would grow into a popular sporting event.
A. Little did he realize that
B.That little did he realize
C. Realize that little did he
D. He did realize that little
2. ______ moved to new places.
A. Rarely they only are
B. Only are rarely they
C. Are they only rarely
D. Only rarely are they
托福写作15个写作模板，100句常用句型 出国留学，托福考试必不可少，以下是15个TOEFL的托福作文模板，100句常用句型按照托福作文结构组合而成。 托福写作作文文套一 Depending on personal experience, personality type and emotional concern, we find that some people hold the idea of A meanwhile others prefer to B, from my point of view, it is more advisable to chose A rather than B. My arguments for this point are listed as follows. The main reason for my propensity for A is that___________________________.就理由进行解释_____________________.For instance,____________________ Another reason can be seen by every one is that____________________________.就理由进行解释___________________For example,____________________ The argument I support in the first paragraph is also in a position of advantage because_____________________________ Although I agree that there may be a couple of advantages of B, I feel that the disadvantages are more obvious. Such as________________. In a word, ________________________________________________.So, it is sagacious to support the statement that it is better to A. 托福写作作文文套二 A or B 将原题复述___________________________________________When faced with the decision of A of B, quite a few would deem that______________________, but others, in contrast, believe A/B as the premier choice and that is also my point. Among countless factors which influence -A/-B, there are three conspicuous aspects as follows. The main reason for my propensity fo _________is that___________________ The second reason can be seen by every person that________. In addition, these reason are also usable when we consider that_________. There are some disadvantages in____________________另一种观点的缺点__________.
TJ时态题 官方指南 1. He ___ one of his other classes on a field trip to the aquarium this Saturday. A. take B. to take C. is taking D. was taken TJ语态题 1. A man’s wristwatch ___ in the lobby of Liugi’s Pizza Restaurant on Tuesday, February 16.A. findsB. findingC. has foundD. was found 2.Givennewtechnologiesandadvancedtrainingtechniques,skijumpingrecordswills urelycontinue ___ A. are broken B. to be broken C. breaking them D. have been breaking 3. They ___ to provide a lot of living spaces, not for long, dangerous voyages. A. build B. are built C. have built D. are building TJ连词/介词/副词 1. _____ you were at basketball practice today, your teacher, Mr. Morris, called on the phone totalk with you. A.So B. While C. Because D. Although 2._____theconstruction,thefrontentrancetothesciencebuildingwillbeclosed.____ ,allstudents will have to use the doors on the north side to enter the building. A. At B. On C. Over D. During A. As a result B. Even though C. All of a sudden D. On the other hand 3. Cuckoos, cowbirds, and widowbirds are three examples ___ birds that are brood parasites.A. ofB. byC. forD. from
日语一级、二级语法汇总（一） 一、心情的强调、强制 二、时点、场面 三、时间的同时性、时间的先后关系 四、原因、理由 五、经过、结束 六、逆说、假定条件 七、逆接、让步 八、假定条件、确定条件 九、否定、部分否定 十、强调 十一、倾向、状态、样子 十二、判断的立场、评价的视点 十三、基准 十四、起点、终点、界限、范围 十五、不可能、可能、困难、容易 十六、目的、手段、媒介 十七、进行、相关关系 十八、附带、非附带 十九、关联、对应 二十、无关系、无视、例外 二十一、话题 二十二、例示 二十三、动作的对象 二十四、主张、断定 二十五、感叹、愿望 二十六、传闻、推量 二十七、劝诱、注意、禁止 二十八、限定 二十九、非限定、附加 三十、比较、最上级、对比 一、心情的强调、强制 （1）心情的强调 １～てしかたがない（特别，……得不得了） ２～てしようがない（特别，……得不得了） ３～てたまらない（特别，……得不得了） ４～てならない（特别，……得不得了） ５～てやまない（……不已，永远，衷心……） ６～かぎりだ（极其，尤其，很，非常） ７～といったらない（难以形容，……之极，……得不得了）
８～といったらありやしない（难以形容，……之极，……得不得了） （2）强制 １～ないわけにわいかない（不能不，不可以不，必须） ２～ざるをえない（不能不，不可以不，必须） ３～ないでわいられない（不能不，不可以不，必须） ４～ずにわいられない（不能不，不可以不，必须） ５～ないでわすまない（不能不，不可以不，必须） ６～ずにわすまない（不能不，不可以不，必须） ７～ないでわおかない（不会不，必然） ８～ずにわおかない（不会不，必然） ９～をきんじえない（不禁，禁不住） １０～を余儀なくされる（不得已，没办法，只能，被迫） １１～を余儀なくさせる（不得已，没办法，只能，被迫） 二、时点、场面 １～折（に）折の（时值，正赶上） ２～際（に）（时候，时机） ３～に際して（当……之际，在……的时候） ４～に当たって（当……之际，在……的时候） ５～たところだ（刚刚） ～ているところだ（正在） ～ところだ（正要） ６～かけだかけるかけの（做一半，没做完，快……了） ７～うちに（在……之内，趁……时候） ～ないうちに（还没……的时候，趁还没……的时候） ８～間に間は（……之间，趁……时候） ９～最中に（正在） １０～中に中は中だ（在……，正在……） １１～において（在……地点，在……时间，在……方面） １２～にあって（处于……情况下） 三、时间的同时性、时间的先后关系 （1）时间的同时性 1、动词连用形（五段动词第二连用形）たとたんに（刚一……） 2、用言终止形+かと思うと／かと思えば（原以为） 用言终止形+かと思ったら（我还以为……呢） 动词连用形（五段动词词第二连用）+た（か）思ったら／たか思うと（刚一……就……）3、动词连用形（五段动词第二连用形）动词连体形+た（か）～ないかのうちに（刚……，还没……时） 动词连用形（五段动词第二连用形）动词连体形+た（か）～ないかに （刚……，还没……时） 4、动词连用形（第一连用形）+次第（……随即，立刻，马上）
barn n.[农]谷仓, 畜棚, 畜舍, 机器房 The wind unroofed the barn. 风掀掉了谷仓的顶。 barren adj.不生育的, 不孕的, 贫瘠的, 没有结果的, 无益的, 单调的, 无聊的, 空洞的n.荒地Nothing can grow in this barren land. 在这块不毛之地上什么也不能生长。 It's useless to continue such a barren argument. 继续这种无聊的争辩是无用的。 barrier n.(阻碍通道的)障碍物, 栅栏, 屏障 The horse took the barrier easily. 那匹马轻松地越过了障碍。 Heavy duties on imports and exports are a barrier to international trade. 进出口的高关税是国际贸易的障碍。 barter n.物品交换, 实物交易v.物品交换, 交换 The prisoners tried to barter with the guards for their freedom. 囚犯们企图和看守做换取自由的交易。 On these islands a system of barter is used. 在这些岛上仍然实行着物物交换的制度。 basement n.地下室, 墙脚 basin n.盆, 盆地, 水池 He washed his hands in a basin. 他在盆里洗了手。 be characterized by ...的特点在于,...的特点是 be taken by 对...很喜爱被...迷住, 被...吸引 be up to 胜任, 从事于 beak n.鸟嘴, 喙 This parrot has a red beak. 这只鹦鹉的嘴是红色的。 beam n.梁, 桁条, (光线的)束, 柱, 电波, 横梁v.播送 We enjoy seeing the glorious beams of the rising sun. 我们喜欢观赏初升太阳的灿烂光辉。 From a sky of untarnished blue the sun beamed down upon Beijing. 阳光透过万里碧空照耀着北京城。 She beamed at me. 她对我微笑。 bequest n.遗产, 遗赠
The speaker, on the topic of ___________________, effectively casts doubt on the passage, providing the opposite evidence concerning/ about influences on/from ____________________. Firstly, _____听力结果______. Despite the content from passage that ____阅读结果____, the speaker provides an alternative explanation that ___听力内容_2句_. From this case, the speaker questions the validity of the passage. Secondly, ____听力结果_____. According to the lecture, ____听力内容2句__________. Such information directly challenges the position of the passage that ____阅读结果____. Thirdly, ____听力结果___. The passage states that ___阅读结果____. However, the speaker denies this point and gives the proof that ___听力内容2句______. This is another case where the content from the passage is totally groundless. Fourthly, 听力结果 . The passage states that 阅读结果, which is actually questioned by the speaker, who proposes the proof that 听力内容2句. Therefore, the side of the passage is overthrown by listening material.
T O E F L J u n i o r语法题小托福语言形式与 含义
TJ时态题 官方指南 1. He ___ one of his other classes on a field trip to the aquarium this Saturday. A. take B. to take C. is taking D. was taken TJ语态题 1. A man’s wristwatch ___ in the lobby of Liugi’s Pizza Restaurant on Tuesday, February 16. A. finds B. finding C. has found D. was found 2. Given new technologies and advanced training techniques, ski jumping records will surely continue ___ A. are broken B. to be broken C. breaking them D. have been breaking 3. They ___ to provide a lot of living spaces, not for long, dangerous voyages. A. build B. are built C. have built D. are building TJ连词/介词/副词 1. _____ you were at basketball practice today, your teacher, Mr. Morris, called on the phone to talk with you. A.So B. While C. Because D. Although 2. _____ the construction , the front entrance to the science building will be closed. ____, all students will have to use the doors on the north side to enter the building. A. At B. On C. Over D. During A. As a result B. Even though C. All of a sudden D. On the other hand 3. Cuckoos, cowbirds, and widowbirds are three examples ___ birds that are brood parasites. A. of B. by C. for D. from 4. My mother asked me if I wanted anyone else to come, __ the first person I thought of was you! A. but B. and C. while D. therefore 5. Known throughout recorded history, they are __- used by people all around the world.
日语能力三级语法汇总 1)~は~より~です 表示比较,谓语是形容词或形容动词 ~比~ 2)~は~ほど~くない/ではない 助词ほど是以某一事例来表示状态,性质的。谓语用形容词或形容动词的否定形式 ~不如~ 3)AよりBのほうが~です 助词より接在比较的对象后面。谓语上形容词或形容动词 ~比~更~ 4)AとBとでは、どちらが~ですか/AとBとどつらが~ですか 表示询问A,B相比较时的句型 A和B哪个~ 5)~(の中)では、何がいちばん~ですか 在~里,哪个最~ 6)AとBとCとでは(どれ/どこ/いつ/どの)~がいちばん~ですか
~和~和~,哪个/什么地方/什么时候/那种,最~ 7)~のあいで/あとで~する 表示一个动作完成后再做另一个动作,或稍后进行某一动作~之后/稍后再~ 8)~たあとで ~之后 9)~たり、~たりする 1、表示在许多动作中,列举1、2例说明 又~又~,一会~一会~ 2、表示举出一例,以示还有其他类似的情况 ~之类的 10)~ほうがいい 表示劝说或建议 还是~为好 表示建议或劝诱 ~吗? 12)だから/ですから
表示原因或理由 所以~ 13)けれども/けれど/だが/しかし 表示逆态连接 虽然~但是~,可是~ 14)~かもしれまい 表示说话人的推测 也许~ 15)く(に)なる/く(に)する く(に)なる 表示自然或客观的变化 变的~,会变~ く(に)する 表示主观作用于某事物而使其发生变化把~弄成~,使~成为~ 16)~さ/~み 使形容词或形容动词名词化
17)ください 一般用于请或要求对方做某事 请给我~ 18)て型 略 19)ばかり 1、表示数量次数特别多 尽~,只~ 2、表示反复连续做某事,几乎不做其他事 尽~,光~ 3、表示大概的数量 ~左右 20)动词连用型て+から/动词过去式た+あとで表示一个动作之后,在进行另一个动作 表示对某种动作的尝试 ~以下,~看 22)~てしまう
Tips: 1.斜黑体字单词多为重点单词,供欲获得90分及以上学员研习。 2.带*号词根为重点词根,适用于全部托福考生,尤其是90分及以上考生。 3.某些初中或极简单单词未标注中文意思。 act,ag=act 行为,行动 action （act+ion）active (act+ive) activity(act+ity) actor actress actual实际的,具体的（做出来的）actually practice 练习,实践,实习（pr提前+act行动）practical react 反应（re相反+行为=反过来行为）reaction transact交易.交流（trans从一点到另一点+行为）transaction interact 交流,沟通,交换（inter彼此之间+act行为）interaction agency 机构,公司（ag做事情+ency表名词=做事情的地方）agent 代理人,经纪人（ag 做+ent人）agile灵巧的,灵活的（ag行动+ile反复的=能反复行动=灵活的）agility agenda议程,事项（要做得事）enact实施,颁布（en使+act→使〔法律〕动→实施法律） aer, aeri=air,表示空气 aerial 空气的（aeri+al 表形容词）aeromechanics 航空力（aero+mechanics 机械学）aerology 气象学，大气学（aero+ology 学科→空气学→大气学）aerospace（大气层内外）空间（aero+space 空间）aeroview 鸟瞰图 （aero+view 看→在空气中看→鸟瞰）aerobic n 有氧活动（aero空气+bio生活,活动）aerogram无线电报（aero+gram写）atmosphere 大气,气氛aviator飞行者aviation 飞行 alter, ali= to change, 表示“其他的，改变状态” alter 变更，收变alterable 可收变的（alter+able 能…的）alternation交互，交错（alternate+ion）alternative二者择一（的）（来自alternate 交替，交替选择的方法）alien 外国的,外来的,陌生的（ali+en 表形容词或名词意思为地方→其他地方的→外国的，外国人的）alienate疏远（alien 外国的＋ate→把别人当外国人→疏远）alienation am,amor,amat=love amateur爱好（业余）amatory 恋爱的,情人的amour 恋情,奸情amorous 多情的(amor爱+ous多)enamored 倾心的,被迷住的amiable和蔼的,亲切地amicable 友善平和的amity 友善enmity 敌意
综合作文：270字以上 总结听力材料summarize the lecture: The speaker talks about The lecture discusses/is mainly discussing The professor made the point that 引出要点introduce key points: First/second/third First/then/another point is that Or express the key point directly in a topic sentence. 引出例子introduce examples or reasons: For example (instance)/one example is/such as/that is 增加例子add examples or reasons: Next/Furthermore/another example is/in addition 对比观点Shw contrast between ideas: However/In contrast/on the contrary/on the other hand/but 精彩opening: 1) The lecture discusses…which differs from the main idea in the reading that… 2) The professor made the point that…. The reading does not discuss this point. Another important point is that…, but the reading does not d iscuss the point. Finally, the Professor stated that…. In general, the Professor discusses problems of…that the reading does not include. 3) According to the lecture, ….On the other hand/while the reading stated that… The professor made the point that…. On the contrary/however/in contrast, the writer demonstrated an idea that… The lecture supports/illustrates the idea that… The lecture contradicts/refutes/is in contrary to/is the opposite of the idea that… 对材料的指称： The speaker/lecturer/professor/listening material/lecture
小托福怎么备考有什么方法技巧小托福怎么备考有什么方法技巧 1.深入复习总结和把握 2.掌握迅速积累词汇的方法 不管是小托福的听力、语言形式及含义或者阅读3种题型都离不开词汇，词汇的积累方法有很多，同学们要按照自己所能快速熟悉 并且掌握的方法去实行，积累词汇的关键在于以基本、高频的词汇 作为重点复习内容，由易及难，由浅及深，层层推进，逐步把握， 做到这点，对于词汇上的难点便可以完全掌握。 3.在做题中及时纠正错误 在平时的训练中，同学们除了发现自己的错误并且及时改正，还需要计划一个时间来复习自己做过的但是错误了的的题型，及时复 习可以增加我们的更深层次印象，还有在做模拟试题的时候同学们 要严格按照时间的分配来做习题，严格的时间才能提高我们做题的 客观性和严谨性。 4.在考试时保持一个良好的心态 在考试的当中，同学们首先一定要保持好良好的心态，良好的心态是成功的一半，保持良好的心态才能让我们发挥出最佳的水平。 在考试的时候同学们也要懂得一些考试技巧，就是遇到不懂的题型同学们千万不要做过多地时间停留，在严肃的状态下人的记忆完 全产生是在一分钟之内，过了这个时间同学们就不要继续想下去了，而是要去做另一题，还有在做题的过程当中同学们遇到犹豫不知道 填写那个答案的选择题或者阅读题的时候千万不要空着，把自己所 犹豫的答案写上去，就保证了得到分数的几率。有的时候会猜也是 一种艺术。
1、循环往复法： 把所要背的`单词分组，比如每组100个，共50组。第一天，背第一组的100个;第二天不要急着前行，先用比前一天快一倍的速度 把第一组的单词过一遍，然后再看第二组的单词;几天以后再复习第 一天的单词，以此类推。这样做虽然可能影响背单词的进度，但能 有效地巩固所学的内容，以“滚雪球”的方式加深记忆。人会遗忘，最好的方法是在你正要遗忘的时候赶快复习一下，这相当于对原来 记忆进行刺激，会使快要忘记的东西记得很牢。这个方法因人而异，你可以根据自己的记忆力情况，决定复习的周期。如果怕雪球越滚 越大，到后来每天的任务越来越艰巨，你也可以先把要背的所有单 词都背一遍，采取每第二天只复习前一天的内容方法，等全部背完 一遍后再从头来第二遍。 2、看报解题法： 3、创意联想法： 联想的方法有很多，一般可以从意思上、读音上或者形象上联想。例如，vernal(春天的)和venial(可宽恕的)，这两个单词长得很像，读音也相似，惟一的区别在于前者有个“r”，后者有个“i”。根 据意思，不妨这样想，“r”很像一片小树叶，自然是和春天有关; 而“i”像个人，是人自然会犯错，就和“宽恕”的意义联系了起来。这种方法有时看来“牵强附会”，但对于少数实在记不住的单词， 不妨发挥创意，根据自己的习惯和文化背景联想记忆，也会使枯燥 的背诵有了乐趣。 1.拼读+联想 记单词首先看到的是形，即拼写，而通过语音知识的学习和一定单词量的积累，拼写和语音之间是可以构筑桥梁的。这样在见到生 词的时候，虽然没有音标，也可以通过这个词的拼写读出发音;反之，对于熟词，可以通过常用字母组合的发音，根据发音把单词拼写出来，对于听力中的关键词这是一个非常重要的技巧。对于年龄较小 同学而言，拼读法是比较直接而又简单的记单词的方法。
日语一级分类语法精简版 日语一级分类语法精简版1 - 時 時 １--かたがた 接続：名詞動詞連用形＋かたがた 意味：--を兼ねて--ことをする 2–かたわら 接続：名詞＋の動詞連体形＋かたわら 意味：本業をする一方で兼業もしている 3—がてら 接続：名詞/動詞連用形＋がてら（移動動詞） 意味：－のついでに/――する時、--によって何かをする ４—が早いか 接続：動詞連体形＋が早いか--た 意味：--すると同時に；--が起こった直後後のこと起こった 5--そばから 接続：動詞連体形＋そばから 意味：--しても、前項の效果がすぐ後項で消えてしまう。（困ったものだ）という気持ち。 6—てからというもの 接続：動詞連用形+てからというもの 意味：--がきっかけになって、以前と違う状態がずっと続いている。話す人の心情がこもっている。 7–ところを 接続：用言連用形＋ところを 意味：--という状態、場面を-；ちょうど-している時に 接続：名詞+の?用言連用形＋ところを 意味：-という時なのに、（ご迷惑をかけてすまない）話す人の感謝。お詫びや後悔など感謝のこもった言い方が多い。挨拶の時の慣用表見が多い。 8—なり 接続：動詞基本形（現在時）+なり-た 意味：--するとすぐ；-すると、同時に
補充： -になり 接続：動詞連用形+になり 意味：-したまま、ずっと（変わりない） 9-にして 接続：①最小限の時間名詞、時間副詞+にして 意味：ごく-時間のうち、ごく--時間で（短い時間を強調する）文語で書き言葉 接続：②数量名詞（多くは年齢名詞）＋にしてはじめて?ようやく 意味：--になってあらためて-。文語で書き言葉 10-や?や否や 接続：動詞基本形（現在時）+や／や否や 意味：-するとすぐ、-たとたん。古い表現で、書き言葉 説明：後の事は、前の事に反応して起こる予想外の出来事が多い 11 を限りに 接続：時間名詞+を限りに 意味：－を最後にして、これから-。 今まで続いていた事が今後はもう続かなくなることを表す 補充： 接続：名詞（声?力）＋を限りに 意味：－を限界まで、慣用語として使う 译文：（大声呼喊，极尽全力） 12－を皮切りに 接続：名詞を皮切りに（して）?かわきりとして 意味：--からはじまって、その後次々に— 説明：（-をきっかけに?-を契機に）は、（－をはじめとして）という意味もあるが、後の文が一回だけで、連続的に起こる事柄ではない 13—を以って 接続：時間、数量名詞＋を以って、もちまして 意味：（で）に相当する、事柄の開始や終了の区切り、物事を判断する基準を表す時に使うのは多い 補充：
A accomplish 完成v. acknowledge 认可v. acquire 获得v. adapt 适应v. adequate 充足的adj. adhere 粘附v. adopt 领养v. advice 通知，建议n. advise 建议v. apparent 明显的adj. appeal 吸引n. appetite 胃口n. applicable 可应用的adj. applicant 申请人n. appoint 任命v. approach 靠近v. appropriate 合适的adj. approximate 大概的adj. arbitrary 任意的adj. architect 建筑师n. architecture 建筑学n. arise 升起v. arithmetic 算术n. arouse 引起v. ash 灰n. aspect 方面n. attach 贴上v. authority 权威性n. automatic 自动的adj. auxiliary 辅助的adj. available 可利用的adj. avenue 大道n. avoid 避免v. await 等待v. award 颁奖v. aware 意识到的adj. awful 可怕的adj. awkward 笨拙的adj. B ban 禁止v. bargain 讨价还价v. barrel 枪管n.
barrier 障碍物n. beforehand 事先的adj. blast 爆炸n. breadth 宽度n. breed 发育v. budget 预算n. bunch 一束n. bundle 一捆n. bureau 局n. C cancel 取消v. capture 捕获v. cargo 货物n. casual 偶然的adj. caution 注意v. ceremony 仪式n. chaos 混乱n. cliff 悬崖n. clue 线索n. coach 教练n. coarse 下流的adj. code 码n. collision 碰撞n. comedy 喜剧n. comment 评论n. commit 犯罪，承诺v. comparable 可比的adj. comparative 相对的adj. competent 有能力的adj. complaint 抱怨n. complete 完成v. component 成分n. conservation 保守n. conservative 保守的adj. consistent 专一的adj. constant 连续的adj. consume 消费v. continual 继续的adj. cope 对付v. core 核心n. count 数v. D debate 辩论v. decade 十年n.
托福综合写作模板：写作经典句式 Both the lecture and the reading discussed …. However, their viewpoints are strongly contradictory for several reasons. First, the reading points out that …, but the lecturer supposes that …. And he also argues that …, thus… Moreover, the author holds that ... The lecturer, however, believes that…. Since it is …, …. Besides, the professor also refutes the idea that ... from the passage. He provides us with the instance/reason that.... In sum, according to the discussion above, the speaker totally disagrees with the conclusions revealed in the reading passage. Frequently Used Sentences 1 We are so development-oriented that we almost can sacrifice moral values for the purpose of obtaining a little material gain. 2 It is often reported in our daily newspapers that university undergraduates commit crimes, XXX from XXX University, is a case in point. 3 According to the latest paper published by the Chinese Academy of Social Science, the number of smoking people is increasing at an accelerating speed (alarming rate), especially in China.
available 可利用的adj A avenue 大道n. avoid 避免V. accomplish 完成V. await 等待V. ack no wledge 认可V. award 颁奖V. acquire 获得V. aware 意识到的adj adapt 适应V. awful 可怕的adj adequate 充足的adj. awkward 笨拙的adj adhere 粘附V. adopt 领养V. B advice 通知，建议n. advise 建议V. ban 禁止V. appare nt 明显的adj. barga in 讨价还价V. appeal 吸引n. barrel 枪管n. appetite 胃口n. barrier 障碍物n. applicable 可应用的adj. beforeha nd 事先的adj applica nt 申请人n. blast 爆炸n. appo int 任命V. breadth 宽度n. approach 靠近V. breed 发育V. appropriate 合适的adj. budget 预算n. approximate 大概的adj. bunch 一束n. arbitrary 任意的adj. bun dle 一捆n. architect 建筑师n. bureau 局n. architecture 建筑学n. C arise 升起V. arithmetic 算术n. can cel 取消V. arouse 引起V. capture 捕获V. ash 灰n. cargo 货物n. aspect 方面n. casual 偶然的adj attach 贴上V. cauti on 、、亠V. authority 权威性n. cerem ony 仪式n. automatic 自动的adj. chaos 混乱n. auxiliary 辅助的adj. cliff 悬崖n.
一级语法总结 1.っぱなし 前接 1）、表某动作一直持续。2）、表某动作 结果（消极，该做的事没有做） eg:台所の水を出しっぱなしにして出かけてしまった。 2.～に即して/に即しては/に即しても/に即した～ 前接N 表“根据”、“按照，结合~”、“适应”1）契约，法律，规则2）经验，实况，事实，体验。 eg:１）今回の試験では新しいルールに即して採点を行う。 ２）今までの経験に即したあなたが一番良いと思う方法でやってみなさい。 3.～つ～つ 前接 表两者相互作用 eg:家の前を行きつ戻りつする。両者の関係は持ちつ持たれつの関係にある。 常用：抜きつ抜かれつ（你追我赶）、追いつ追われつ（你追我赶）、ためつすがめつ（看来看去）、くんつほぐれつ（打来打去）、差しつ差されつ（互相斟饮）。 4.ひとり～だけでなく/ひとり～のみならず～ “不止～”“不光～” eg:ひとり私だけでなく彼女もそれに興味を示した。 5.～かたわら～ N 性接续“一边～一边～”～的同时两个动作交换进行，前主后辅。 eg:彼は小説を書くかたわら作詞もしている。 ⒍～ではあるまいし～ 前接N “又不是～” eg:冬ではあるまいしどうしてあんなに厚い服きるの。 君ではあるまいしそんなことをするものか。 ⒎～極まる/極まりない～ 前接adj ＋こと/adjv 构成复合词，表示程度极深达到极限。“极其～”多用于消极的场合。 eg:その話は他人には面白くても、わたしには退屈極まるものだった。 ⒏～をおいて～（ない～） 前接N 后接否定 表前者独一无二，“除了～之外” eg :彼をおいてこの仕事を任せられる人間はいないだろう。 9. ～からある/からの/からする～ 接数词后，表最起码的程度“至少有～”「からする」用于金额，价格。 eg:この湖は深いところは三百メールからあります。 この前の土石流では一万人からの人々が家を失い、五千人からの人が死にました。 この骨董品は買うとなると５０万円からするだろう。 10.といい～といい～ 接N “也好～也好～” eg:声といい顔といいお父さんにそっくりですね。 11. ～たる（もの）～ 接N 前一般接身份，职位“～として” eg :教師たるものは学生のことを一番に考えなければならない。 12. ～とは～ 简体 表示讲话人对这项内容十分惊奇出乎意 料“竟然～” eg:そこまで言うとは彼も相当なものだ。 13. ～と相まって/も相まって～ 前接N 表示互相作用，结合“辅以…”「A とB とが相まって」A 与B 相结合“与～相辅相成”。 eg:今年の米は温度な気候と適度な雤量とが相まって農作となった。 14. ～（よ）うが/(よ)うが～まいが/(よ)うと～まいと～ 前接意向型后接まい型，表“不论～”。单个「～（よ）うが/と」常常和疑问句相呼应使用。 eg:行こうが行くまいが、ぼくの勝手だ。 どんな悪人であろうと、こころのどこかに良心は残っているはずだ。 15. ～たりとも～ 前接数词 表最少限度“即使…也…” eg:１円たりとも無駄には使うな。 16. ～にもまして～ 前接N 疑问词 “～より～もっと～”
Independent Writing I.A or B 开头 An increasing number of people begin to realize/complain/question that... OR:The majority of people tend to have a favorable/an unfavorable attitude towards something OR:XXX has now caused wide public concern OR:When it comes to...people often consider... The thing is,which XXX,A or B,(is a more efficient mean of learning/what do we mean by)? People may give various answers to this question. OR：Ask people…and they may give a diverse of answers based on their individual value systems Some believe that…while others/some claim… On balance,my favor goes to A. 正文 To begin with,I concede that B serves as an independent factor in(a successful education)/is of great value/B is superior to A since After all, However compelling these cases may sound,B is not without its problems. OR:However compelling these cases may sound,they cannot overshadow the significant role that A plays in XX. For example, In this sense, Therefore,too much emphasis on B is actually dangerous/harmful and may go contrary to our primary purpose of On the other hand,A can address/respond to some people’s needs that B cannot For one thing, For another, 结尾 In the final analysis,it is true that both A and B are part and parcel of X.However,considering the potential problems resulted from B and the great benefits of A,I believe it is sensible to(choose A) II.Agree or Disagree 开头 An increasing number of people begin to realize/complain/question that... OR:The majority of people tend to have a favorable/an unfavorable attitude with something 托福专业1对1在线培训机构【TPO小站】【保100分】