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电子专业术语英文对照

电子专业术语英文对照
电子专业术语英文对照

常见电子专业术语中英文对照

摘要:一个在一个芯片上定制设计的硬件。 address bus (地址总

线) A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripher als wit hwhich itcommunicates。 The address bus is used by the processor to select aspecific memory location or register within a particular peripheral。 If the addre

常见英文缩写解释(按字母顺序排列):

ASIC: Application Specific Integrated Circuit. 专用IC

CPLD: Complex Programmable Logic Device. 复杂可编程逻辑器件

EDA: Electronic Design Automation. 电子设计自动化

FPGA: Field Programmable Gate Array. 现场可编程门阵列

GAL: Generic Array Logic. 通用阵列逻辑

HDL: Hardware Description Language. 硬件描述语言

IP: Intelligent Property. 智能模块

PAL: Programmable Array Logic. 可编程阵列逻辑

RTL: Register Transfer Level. 寄存器传输级描述)

SOC: System On a Chip. 片上系统

SLIC: System Level IC. 系统级IC

VHDL: Very high speed integrated circuit Hardware Description Language. 超高速集成电路硬件描述语言

A

ASIC(专用集成电路)

Application-Specific Integrated Circuit. A piece of custom-designed hardware in a chip.专用集成电路。一个在一个芯片上定制设计的硬件。

address bus (地址总线)

A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripher

als withwhich itcommunicates. The address bus is used by the processor to select aspe cific memory location or register within a particular peripheral. If the address bus cont ains n electrical lines, the processor can uniquely address up to 2^n such locations.一

个连接处理器与所有外设的,用来通讯的电子线路集。地址总线被处理器用来选择在特定外设中的存储器地址或寄存器。如果地址总线有n条电子线路,处理器能唯一寻址高达2^n的地址空间。

application software(应用软件)

Describes software modules specific to a particular embedded project. The application software is unlikely to be reusable across embedded platforms, simply because each e mbedded system has a different application.

用来描述一个特定的嵌入式项目中的某一软件模块。应用软件不象可重用的交叉嵌入式平台,只因为每一个嵌入式系统有不同的应用软件。

assembler(汇编编译器)

A software development tool that translates human-readable assembly language progr ams into machine-language instructions that the processor can understandand execute.

一个能把可读的汇编语言程序转换到处理器可理解和运行的机器指令的软件开发工具。

assembly language(汇编语言)

A human-readable form of a processor"s instruction set. Most processor-specific funct ions must be written in assembly language.

一种人可读的处理器指令集的形式。大多数处理器相关的功能必须用汇编语言编写。

B

BSP(板卡支持包)

See board support package.

见board support package。

binary semaphore(二元信号)

A type of semaphore with just two states. Also called a mutex.

一种只有两种状态的信号。也叫互斥信号。

board support package(板卡支持包)

Part of a software package that is processor or platform-dependent. Typicall

y,sample source code for the board support package is provided by the package devel oper. The sample code must be modified as necessary, compiled, and linked with the r emainder of the software package.

软件包的具有平台依赖性的那一部分。典型地,板卡支持包的样例源程序由包开发者提供。样例源程序必须能在需要时被修改、编译并与软件包的剩下的部分连接起来。

bond-out processor (外合处理器)

A special version of a processor that has some of the internal signals brought out to ex ternal pins. A bond-out processor is most often found within an emulator and is nev er intended to be used in a production system.

一种特殊版本的处理器,它有一些,内部的信号能传达到外置的针脚上。一个外合处理器绝大多数情况下只用在模拟器上,从来不会被特意用在产品系统上。

Breakpoint (断点)

A location in a program at which execution is to be stopped and control of the process or switched to the debugger. Mechanisms for creating and removing

breakpoints are provided by most debugging tools.

一个在程序中的地址,在那里程序的执行被停止,并且处理器的控制转换到了除错程

序。大多数除错工具提供增加与删除一个断点的机制。

C

CISC(复杂指令集计算机)

Complex Instruction Set Computer. Describes the architecture of a processor family.

CISC processors generally feature variable-length instructions, multiple addressing fo rmats, and contain only a small number of general-purpose registers. Intel"s 80x8 6 family is the quintessential example of CISC. Contrast with RISC.

复杂指令集计算机。对一种处理器架构的描述。CISC处理器一般产生变的指令,多种地址格式,并且仅仅有少量的通用寄存器。Intel的80x86家族是是典型的CISC处理器。相对于RISC而言。

CPU(中央处理器)

Central Processing Unit. The part of a processor that executes instructions.

中央处理器。处理器中执行指令的那一部分。

Compiler(编译器)

A software development tool that translates high-level language programs into the ma chine-language instructions that a particular processor can understand and execute.

把高级编程语言程序转换到只有特定的处理器能了解和执行的机器指令的一种软件开发包。

context (上下文)

The current state of the processor"s registers and flags.

处理器当前的状态和标志。

context switch(上下文切换)

The process of switching from one task to another in a multitasking operating system.

A context switch involves saving the context of the running ask and restoring the prev iously-saved context of the other. The piece of code that does this is necessarily proce ssor-specific.

在多任务操作系统中我一个任务切换到另一个的过程。上下文切换包括保存正在运行的任务的上下文和恢复早先保存的另一个任务的上下文。做这个工作的一段代码必须具有处理器特权。

counting semaphore(计数信号)

A type of semaphore that is used to track multiple resources of the same typ

e. An attempt to take a counting semaphore is blocked only if all of the ava

ilable resources are in use. Contrast with binary semaphore.

一种用来跟踪多个相同类型资源的信号灯。仅仅在所有可用的资源都被用完了时才阻塞。相对二元信号而言。

critical section(临界段)

A block of code that must be executed in sequence and without interruption

to guarantee correct operation of the software. See also race condition.

一段必须按次序执行的代码,并且不能被中断,否则不能保证软件正确地操作。

照:竞争状况。

cross-compiler(交叉编译器)

A compiler that runs on a different platform than the one for which it produces o bject code. A cross-compiler runs on a host computer and produces object code for th e target.

一个运行在不同的平台上的编译器,其中之一能产生目标代码。交叉编译器在主机上运行并且产生目标机的目标代码。

D

DMA(直接内存访问)

Direct Memory Access. A technique for transferring data directly between two periph erals (usually memory and an I/O device) with only minimal intervention by the proce ssor. DMA transfers are managed by a third peripheral called a DMA controller.

直接内存访问。一种直接在两个外设(通常是内存和I/O设备)之间进行数据传输的技术,它只要处理器最少的介入。DMA传输由叫DMA控制器的第三方外设进行管理。

DRAM(动态随机访问存储器)

Dynamic Random-Access Memory. A type of RAM that maintains its contents only a s long as the data stored in the device is refreshed at regular intervals.

The refresh cycles are usually performed by a peripheral called a DRAM control

ler.

动态随机访问存储器。一种RAM,存储在其设备中的数据被定期刷新时才能保存它的内容。刷新周期一般由一个叫DRAM控制器的外设完成。

Data bus(数据总线)

A set of electrical lines connected to the processor and all of the peripher

als with which it communicates. When the processor wants to read (write) the contents of a memory location or register within a particular peripheral, it sets th e address bus pins appropriately and receives (transmits) the contents on the data bus.

连接处理器与所有外设进行通讯的电子线路集。当一个处理器想去写(读)某一特定外设中的存储器地址或寄存器中的内容时,处理器设置地址总线并在数据总线上接收(传输)内容。

Deadline(死线)

The time at which a particular set of computations must be completed. See also real-ti me system.一个特定计算必须被完成的时间。请看实时系统。

Deadlock(死锁)

An unwanted software situation in which an entire set of tasks is blocked, w aiting for an event that only a task within the same set can cause. If a deadlock occurs, the only solution is to reset the hardware. However, it is usually possible to prevent d eadlocks altogether by following certain software design practices.

一种不希望出现的软件状态,在这个状态下,所有的任务因为等待一个只有在这些被阻塞任务之一才能产生的事件而被阻塞。如果死锁发生,唯一解决的方法是重启动硬件。但是,通过可靠的软件设计实践活动通常可以防止死锁的发生。

debug monitor(除错监视程序)

A piece of embedded software that has been designed specifically for use as a debuggi ng tool. It usually resides in ROM and communicates with a debugger via a serial port or network connection. The debug monitor provides a set of primitive commands to v iew and modify memory locations and registers, create and remove breakpoints, and e

xecute your program. The debugger combines these primitives to fulfill higher-level r equests like program download and single-step.

嵌入式软件被特殊设计来作为除错工具的一部分。它一般被放在ROM中,通过串口或网络与除错器进行通讯。除错监视程序提供一个简单的命令集来显示和内存地址和寄存器、建立和移除断点,并且运行你的程序。除错监视器组合这些简单的命令去实现象程序下载各单步调试等高端的请求。

Debugger(除错器)

A software development tool used to test and debug embedded software. The debugge r runs on a host computer and connects to the target through a serial port or network c onnection. Using a debugger you can download software to the target for immediate e xecution. You can also set breakpoints and examine the contents of specific memory l ocations and registers.

一个软件开发工具,被用来对嵌入式软件进行测试和除错。除错器在宿主机上运行并且通过串口或网络连接到目标机上。你能使用除错器下载软件到目标机并直接运行。你也可以设置断点并检查特定内存地址或寄存器的内容。

device driver(设备驱动程序)

A software module that hides the details of a particular peripheral and prov

ides a high-level programming interface to it.

一个软件模块,它隐藏特定外设的细节并提供高级的外设编程接口。

device programmer(设备编程器)

A tool for programming non-volatile memories and other electrically-programmable d evices. Typically, the programmable device is inserted into a socket on the device pro grammer and the contents of a memory buffer are then transferred into it.

一种用来对不挥发内存和其他电可编程设备进行编程的工具。典型地,可编程设备被插到设备编程器的接口上,接着内存缓存器中的内容被传送到它里面。

digital signal processor(数字信号处理器)

A device that is similar to a microprocessor, except that the internal CPU has been opt

imized for use in applications involving discrete-time signal processing. In addition to standard microprocessor instructions, DSPs usually support a set of complex instructi ons to perform common signal-processing com

putations https://www.doczj.com/doc/1c18625969.html,mon DSP families are TI"s 320Cxx and Motorola"s 5600x seri es.

一种类似于微处理器的的设备,不同的是它内部的CPU被优化,用于特定的应用,如离散信号处理。除了标准的微处理器指令外,DSP常常支持复杂指令集去非常快地完成通用的信号处理计算。通用DSP家庭是TI的320Cxx和Motorola的5600x系列。

E

EEPROM(电可擦的,可编程的只读存储器)

Electrically Erasable, Programmable Read-Only Memory. (Pronounced"Double-E"-P ROM.) A type of ROM that can be erased electronically.

电可擦的,可编程的只读存储器。一种ROM能被电擦除。

EPROM(可擦的,可编程的只读存储器)

Erasable, Programmable Read-Only Memory. A type of ROM that can be erased by e xposing it to ultraviolet light. Once erased, an EPROM can be reprogrammed with the help of a device programmer.

一种可用紫外线擦除的存储器。一次擦除后,EPROM可以在设备编程器的帮助下被重编程。

embedded system(嵌入式系统)

A combination of computer hardware and software, and perhaps additional mechanica l or other parts, designed to perform a dedicated function. In some cases, embedded sy stems are part of a larger system or product, as is the case

of an anti-lock braking system in a car. Contrast with general-purpose computer.

计算机硬件和软件的结合体,或许还加上机械等其他部分,被设计来完成

专门的功能。在一些情况下,嵌入式系统是一个大的系统或产品的一部分,就象汽车上的防抱死装置。与通用计算机相对。

Emulator(仿真器)

Short for In-Circuit Emulator (ICE). A debugging tool that takes the placeof

-emulates-the processor on your target board. Emulators frequently incorporate a spec ial "bond-out" version of the target processor that allows you to observe and record its internal state as your program is executing. 在线仿真器的简写。一个在你的目标板上放置仿真的处理器的调试工具。仿真器经常和一目标处理器的一种“外合”版本合在一起,这个版本的的处理器充许你运行程序时观察和记录它的内部状态。

Executable(可执行的)

A file containing object code that is ready for execution on the target. All

that remains is to place the object code into a ROM or download it via a de

bugging tool. 一个包含准备在目标机上运行的目标代码的文件。放置目标代码到ROM中或通过调试工具下载。

F

Firmware(固件)

Embedded software that is stored as object code within a ROM. This name is most co mmon among the users of digital signal processors.

是作为目标代码存贮在ROM中的嵌入式软件。这个名字在数字信号处理器的用户中相当流行。

flash memory (闪存)

A RAM-ROM hybrid that can be erased and rewritten under software control. Such d evices are divided into blocks, called sectors, that are individually-er

asable. Flash memory is common in systems that require nonvolatile data storage at v ery low cost. In some cases, a large fash memory may even be used instead of a disk-drive.

一种RAM-ROM的混血儿,它能在软件的控制下被擦除和重写。一些设备被分成叫段组的块,能个别地可擦。闪存用在需要很便宜的非易失数据存贮器的地方,一个大容量的闪存甚至被用作磁盘驱动器。

G

general-purpose computer(通用计算机)

A combination of computer hardware and software that serves as a

general-purpose computing platform. For example, a personal computer. Contrast wit h embedded system.

当作通用计算平台的计算机硬件与软件的组合。例如,PC。相对于嵌入式计算机。

H

HLL

See high-level language.

查阅高级语言。

Heap(堆)

An area of memory that is used for dynamic memory allocation. Calls to malloc and fr ee and the C++ operators new and delete result in run-time manipulation of the heap.

一块被用作动态内存分配的内存区域。调用malloc和free、C++的操作符new、delete在运行时进行堆的操作。

high-level language(高级语言)

A language, such as C or C++, that is processor-independent. When programming in a high-level language, it is possible to concentrate on algorithms and applications with out worrying about the details of a particular processor.

一种语言,象C或C++,是处理器独立的。当在高级语言上编程时,不需要考虑特定处理器的细节,只用关心算法和应用。

Host(主机)

A general-purpose computer that communicates with the target via a serial port or net work connection. This term is usually used to distinguish the compu

ter on which the debugger is running from the embedded system that is being developed.

一台通用计算机,它通过串口或网络连接与目标机通讯。这处名词一般用来区别调试程

序运行的计算机和被开发的嵌入式系统。

I

ICE

In-Circuit Emulator. See emulator.

在线仿真器。查阅仿真器。

I/O(输入/输出)

Input/Output. The interface between a processor and the world around it. The simplest examples are switches (inputs) and LEDs (outputs).

输入/输出。处理器与外界的交互界面。最简单的例子是开关(输入)和发光二级管(输出)。

I/O device(IO设备)

A piece of hardware that interfaces between the processor and the outside world. Com mon examples are switches and LEDs, serial ports, and network controllers.

一种介于处理器和外界之间的硬件设备。一般的实例是开关、LED、串口和网络控制器。

I/O map(I/O映射)

A table or diagram containing the name and address range of each peripheral addressa ble by the processor within the I/O space. I/O maps are a helpful aid in getting to kno w the target.

一张包含每个外设的名字和地址的表格或图表,可由处理器在I/O空间中设定地址。I/O映射对得知目标机情况非常有利。

I/O space(I/O空间)

A special memory region provided by some processors and generally reserved for the attachment of I/O devices. Memory locations and registers within an I/O space can be accessed only via special instructions. For example, processors in the 80x86 family ha ve special I/O space instructions called in and out. Contrast with memory space.

一个由处理器提供的特殊内存区域,一般为为I/O设备的附件保留。在I/O 空间的内存位置和寄存器只能通过特殊的指定进行访问。例如:80X86家族的处理器有叫做in / out的特殊的I/O空间指令。相对内存空间而言。

ISR(中断服务程序)

See interrupt service routine.

instruction pointer(指令指针)

A register in the processor that contains the address of the next instructio

n to be executed. Also known as a program counter.

包含下一条要执行指令地址的处理器中的寄存器。也叫程序计数器。

Interrupt(中断)

An asynchronous electrical signal from a peripheral to the processor. When the periph eral asserts this signal, we say that an interrupt occurs. When an

interrupt occurs, the current state of the processor is saved and an interrupt service rou tine is executed. When the interrupt service routine exits, control of the processor is re turned to whatever part of the software was previously running.

一个从外设到处理器的异步电信号。当外设发出这个信号,我们说一个中断发生。当一个中断发生,当前的处理器状态被保存并且中断服务程序开始运行。当中断服务程序退出,对处理器的控制权转到先前运行的那个软件上。

interrupt latency(中断延迟)

The amount of time between the assertion of an interrupt and the start of th

e associated interrupt service routine.

在中断发生和相关的中断服务程序运行之间的时间长短。

interrupt service routine(中断服务程序)

A piece of software executed in response to a particular interrupt.

响应特定中断而运行的一小段软件。

interrupt type(中断类型)

A unique number associated with each interrupt.

和每一个中断相关联的唯一数字。

interrupt vector (中断向量)

The address of an interrupt service routine.

中断服务程序所在的地址。

interrupt vector table(中断向量表)

A table containing interrupt vectors and indexed by interrupt type. This table contains the processor"s mapping between interrupts and interrupt service routines and must be initialized by the programmer.

一个表格,包含由中断类型决定的中断向量和索引。这个表格包含中断与中断服务程序

之间的处理器的映射,必须由程序员进行初始化。

intertask communication(进程间通讯)

A mechanism used by tasks and interrupt service routines to share information and sy nchronize their access to shared resources. The most common building blocks of inter task communication are semaphores and mutexes.

一种被用来在任务和中断服务程序之间共享信息和同步它们对共享资源访问的机制。大部分进程间通讯的建立的基石是信号灯和互斥。

K

Kernel(内核)

An essential part of any multitasking operating system, the kernel contains

just the scheduler and context-switch routine.

任何多任务操作系统的本质部分,内核仅仅包含调度程序和上下文切换进程。

L

Linker(连接程序)

A software development tool that accepts one or more object files as input a

nd outputs a relocatable program. The linker is thus run after all of the source files ha ve been compiled or assembled.

一种能把一个或更多目标文件组合成可输入和输出的可重定位程序的开发工具。连接程

序在所有的源文件都被编译或汇编之后运行。

Locator(定位程序)

A software development tool that assigns physical addresses to the elocatab

le program produced by the linker. This is the last step in the preparation of software f or execution by an embedded system and the resulting file is called an executable. In s ome cases, the locator"s function may be hidden with in the linker.

一种分配物理地址给连接程序处理过的可重定位程序的软件开发工具。这是准备一个软件在嵌入式系统中运行的最后一步,并且结果文件叫做可执行的。在一些情况下,定位程序功能隐藏在连接程序中。

logic analyzer(逻辑分析仪)

A hardware debugging tool that can be used to capture the logic levels (0 or

1) of dozens, or even hundreds, of electrical signals in real-time. Logic analyzers can be quite helpful for debugging hardware problems and complex pr

ocessor-peripheral interactions.

一种硬件调试工具,能捕获实时电信号的许多逻辑电平(0或1),逻辑分析仪在调试硬件问题和复杂的处理外设交互时相当有用。

M

memory map(内存映射)

A table or diagram containing the name and address range of each peripheral addressa ble by the processor within the memory space. Memory maps are a helpful aid in getti

ng to know the target.

一个在内存空间中的,包含每个外设的名字和可由处理器设置的地址范围的表格或图表。内存映射有助于了解目标机情况。

memory-mapped I/O(内存映射I/O)

An increasingly common hardware design methodology in which I/O devices are plac ed into the memory space rather than the I/O space. From the processor"s point of vie w, memory-mapped I/O devices look very much like memory devices.

一种日益流行的硬件设计方法,在这种方法中,I/O设备被放置在内存空间而不是I/O空间。从处理器的观点看,内存映射I/O设备看上去很象内存一样。

memory space(内存空间)

A processor"s standard address space. Contrast with I/O space.

一个处理器的标准地址空间。相对I/O空间。

Microcontroller(微控制器)

A microcontroller is very similar to a microprocessor. The main diffe rence is that a microcontroller is designed specifically for use in e mbedded systems Microcontrollers typically include a CPU, memory (a s mall amount of RAM and/or ROM), and other peripherals on the same chi p. Common examples are the 8051,Intel"s 80196, and Motorola"s 68HCxx series.

微控制器很像微处理器。主要的差别在于微控制器被特殊设计用在嵌入式系统中。微控制器典型地包括CPU、内存(很小的RAM或ROM),还有其他的外设,它们在同一块芯片上。常见的例子是:8051、Intel80196、Motorola68HCxx 系列。

Microprocessor(微处理器)

A piece of silicon containing a general-purpose CPU. The most common examples ar e Intel"s 80x86 and Motorola"s 680x0 families.

一片包含通用CPU的硅片。常见的例子是:Intel80x86、Motorola 680x0系列。

Monitor(监视器)

In the context of this book, a debug monitor. However, there is a second meaning for t his word that is associated with intertask communication. In that context, a monitor is a language-level synchronization feature.

在这本书的上下文中,是指调试监视器。然而,第二个意思与任务间通讯相关联。在那个上下文中,监视器是高级同步机制的特性。

Multiprocessing(多处理)

The use of more than one processor in a single computer system. So-called "multiproc essor systems" usually have a common memory space through which the processors c an communicate and share data. In addition, some multiprocessor systems support par allel processing.

在单个的计算机系统中有多个处理器。被叫作“多处理器系统”的一般有公用的内存空间,处理器通过它们进行通讯和共享数据。另外,一些多处理器系统支持并行处理。

Multitasking (多任务)

The execution of multiple software routines in pseudo-parallel. Each routine represents a separate "thread of execution" and is referred to as a task. The operating s ystem is responsible for simulating parallelism by parceling out the processor"s time.

伪并行运行的多个软件程序。每一个程序表现得像分开的“执行的线程”并且被看作是一个任务。操作系统通过分配处理器时间来模拟并行方式。

Mutex(互斥)

A data structure for mutual exclusion, also known as a binary semaphore. A mutex is basically just a multitasking-aware binary flag that can be used to

synchronize the activities of multiple tasks. As such, it can be used to protect critical s ections of the code from interruption and shared resources from simultaneous use.

表现互斥现象的数据结构,也被当作二元信号灯。一个互斥基本上是一个多任务敏感的二元信号,它能用作同步多任务的行为,它常用作保护从中断来的临界段代码并且在共享同步使用的资源。

mutual exclusion(互斥现象)

A guarantee of exclusive access to a shared resource. In embedded systems, the share d resource is typically a block of memory, a global variable, or a set of registers. Mutu al exclusion can be achieved with the use of a semaphore or mutex.

唯一访问共享资源的保证。在嵌入式系统中,共享的资源典型的有内存块或寄存器组。互斥现象能由使用信号灯或互斥完成。

N

NVRAM

Non-Volatile Random-Access Memory. A type of RAM that retains its data even when the system is powered down. NVRAM frequently consists of an SRAM and a long-life battery.

非易失的随机访问存储器。一种能在系统关机的情况下保持它的数据的RAM。NVRAM常常由SRAM和长寿命电池组成。

O

OTP

See one-time programmable.

object code(目标代码)

A set of processor-readable opcodes and data. The output of compilers,assemblers, lin kers, and locators are files containing object code.

处理器能读的操作码和数据。编译器、汇编器、连接器和定位器的输出文件都含有目标代码。

object file(目标文件)

A file containing object code. The output of a compiler or assembler.

包含目标代码的文件。编译器或汇编器的输出。

one-time programmable(一次可编程的)

Any programmable device, like a PROM, that can be programmed just once by th

e end user. However, this term is used almost exclusively to refer to microc ontrollers with on-chip PROM.

任一可编程的设备,像PROM,仅仅能被最终用户编程一次。然而,这个术语一般被专有地使用在拥有片上PROM的微控制器上。

opcode

A sequence of bits that is recognized by the processor as one of the instruc

tions in its instruction set.

一串被处理器验证过的二进制位的序列,它作为其指令集的一个子集。

operating system(操作系统)

A piece of software that makes multitasking possible. An operating system ty pically consists of a set of function calls, or software interrupts, and a periodic clock ti ck. The operating system is responsible for deciding which task should be using the pr ocessor at a given time and for controlling access to shared resources.

使多任务能够实现的一个软件。一个操作系统典型地由一个函数调用集、软件中断和定期时钟周期组成。一个操作系统负责决定哪一个任务在给定的时间将使用处理器,并且控制对共享资源的访问。

Oscilloscope(示波器)

A hardware debugging tool that allows you to view the voltage on one or more electri cal lines. For example, you might use an oscilloscope to determine if a particular inter rupt is currently asserted.

一种硬件调试工具,它让你能观察到一个或更多电路上的电压。例如:如果一个特殊的中断发生,你可以用一个示波器去检测它。

P

PROM(可编程只读存储器)

Programmable Read-Only Memory. A type of ROM that can be written (programmed

) with a device programmer. These memory devices can be programmed only once, so they are sometimes referred to as write-once or one-time programmable devices.

可编程只读存储器。能被设备编程器写的一种ROM。这种内存设备可以被编程一次,所以它们有时被作为写一次或一次性编程设备来看待。

parallel processing(并行进程)

The ability to apply two or more processors to a single computation.

一种在单个计算机上运行两个或多个程序的能力。

Peripheral (外设)

A piece of hardware other than the processor, usually memory or an I/O device. The p eripheral may reside within the same chip as the processor, in which case it is called a n internal peripheral.

一种不同于处理器的硬件设备,常指内存或I/O设备。外设经常和处理器在一片芯片上,在这种情况下,它被称为集成外设。

physical address(物理地址)

The actual address that is placed on the address bus when accessing a memory locatio n or register.

当访问内存位置或寄存器时,在地址总线上的真实的地址。

Preemptive(抢先)

A scheduler is said to be preemptive if it allows the running task to be sus

pended when a higher-priority task becomes ready. Non-preemptive schedulers are ea sier to implement but less appropriate for embedded systems.

当一个高优先级的任务准备好时,充许正在运行的任务被挂起的调度策略被称为优先。无优先的调度策略更容易实现一些但适合在嵌入式系统中使用。

Polling(轮询)

A method of interfacing with hardware that involves repeatedly reading a status regist er until the device has reached the awaited state. Device drivers are either polling

or interrupt-driven, with the latter being more generally preferred.

一种硬件交互方法,不断读状态寄存器,直到设备进入等待状态。设备驱动程序不是轮询的就是中断驱动的,后一种越来越成为首选的。

Priority(优先)

The relative importance of one task compared to another.

一个任务与其他任务相比的重要关系。

priority inversion(优先转置)

An unwanted software situation in which a high-priority task is delayed while waiting for access to a shared resource that is not even being used at the time. For all practica l purposes, the priority of this task has been lowered during the delay period.

一种不希望发生的软件状态,在此状态一个高优先级任务因为等待访问一个那时不再使用的共享资源而被延迟。在所有的实践目标中,这个任务的优先级在延迟周期内都被降低。

Process(进程)

A word that is often confused with task or thread. The crucial distinction is that all of t he tasks in a system share a common memory space. Processes, on the other hand, alw ays have their own private memory space. Processes are common in multi-user s ystems but are rarely, if ever, found in embedded systems.

这个名词经常与任务或线程混淆。至关重要的差别在于系统中的所有任务共享公共的内存空间。进程,另一方面,常常有它们自己的私有内存空间。进程在多用户系统中,但少有地,如有可能,也可在嵌入式系统中。

Processor(处理器)

A generic term that does not distinction between microprocessor, microcontroller, and digital signal processor.

一个对于微处理器、微控制器他数字信号处器无差别的通用术语。

processor family(处理器族)

电子元件中英文对照

一.电子元器件 Electronic Components 1.保险元器件safety device (1) fuse block (2) current fuse (3) other (4) temperature fuse (5) temperature switches (6) since the resumption of fuse 2. 变频器transducer (1) PLC transducer (2)High-performance Universal transducer (3)Constant Power Inverter (4)Constant Torque converter (5)Exclusive Inverter 3.变压器transformer

(1)Power Transformer (2)the isolation transformer (3)constant voltage transformer (4)pulse transformer (5)other transformers (6)Audio transformers (7)autotransformer (8)coupling transformer 4.场效应管voltage controller 5. 传感器sensor (1)Power Transformer (2)Photoelectric Sensors (3)Fiber Optic Sensors (4)Accelerometer (5)Proximity sensor

(6)Level, liquid level sensor (7)Pressure Sensor (8)Vibration Sensor (9)Gas Sensor (10)Acoustic sensor (11)Visual, image sensor (12)Moisture and humidity sensor (13)Displacement sensor (14)传感器Sensor sensor 6.传声器microphone 7.电容器capacitor (1)Glass capacitors (2)Glazed glass capacitors (3)Composite Dielectric Capacitors (4)Electrolytic capacitors

电气自动化专业英文词汇缩写

电力系统power system 发电机generator 励磁excitation 励磁器excitor 电压voltage 电流current 升压变压器step-up transformer 母线bus 变压器transformer 空载损耗no-load loss 铁损iron loss 铜损copper loss 空载电流no-load current 有功损耗active loss 无功损耗reactive loss 输电系统power transmission system 高压侧high side 输电线transmission line 高压high voltage 低压low voltage 中压middle voltage 功角稳定angle stability 稳定stability 电压稳定voltage stability 暂态稳定transient stability 电厂power plant 能量输送power transfer 交流AC 直流DC 电网power system 落点drop point 开关站switch station 调节regulation 高抗high voltage shunt reactor 并列的apposable 裕度margin 故障fault 三相故障three phase fault 分接头tap 切机generator triping 高顶值high limited value 静态static (state) 动态dynamic (state) 机端电压控制AVR 电抗reactance 电阻resistance 功角power angle 有功(功率)active power 电容器Capacitor 电抗器Reactor 断路器Breaker 电动机motor 功率因数power-factor 定子stator 阻抗impedance 功角power-angle 电压等级voltage grade 有功负载: active load PLoad 无功负载reactive load 档位tap position 电阻resistor 电抗reactance 电导conductance 电纳susceptance 上限upper limit 下限lower limit 正序阻抗positive sequence impedance 负序阻抗negative sequence impedance 零序阻抗zero sequence impedance 无功(功率)reactive power 功率因数power factor 无功电流reactive current 斜率slope 额定rating 变比ratio 参考值reference value 电压互感器PT 分接头tap 仿真分析simulation analysis 下降率droop rate 传递函数transfer function 框图block diagram 受端receive-side

三维动画术语中英文对照

三维动画术语中英文对照 A Absolute Mode Transform Type-in对坐标方式变换输入Absolute/Relative Snap Toggle Mode绝对/相对捕捉开关模式Accelerated Montage加速蒙太奇 Activate All Maps激活所有贴图 Activate Grid Object激活网格对象;激活网格物体Activate Grid激活栅格;激活网格 Activate Home Grid激活主栅格;激活主网格 Activate活动;激活 Active Shade Floater自动着色面板;交互渲染浮动窗口Active Shade Viewport自动着色视图 Active Shade(Scanline)着色(扫描线) Active Shade实时渲染视图;着色;自动着色 Actual Sound真实声音 Adaptive Cubic立方适配 Adaptive Degradation Toggle降级显示开关 Adaptive Degradation自动降级 Adaptive Linear线性适配 Adaptive Path Steps适配路径步幅;路径步幅自动适配Adaptive Path自适应路径 Adaptive Perspective Grid Toggle适配透视网格开关

Adaptive适配;自动适配;自适应 Add as Proxy加为替身 Add Cross Section增加交叉选择 Additive Color加色法 Adopt the File's Unit Scale采用文件单位尺度 Adv. Lighting高级照明 Advanced Surface Approximation高级表面近似;高级表面精度控制Advanced Surface Approx高级表面近似;高级表面精度控制Affect Diffuse Toggle影响漫反射开关 Affect Neighbors影响相邻 Affect Region影响区域 Affect Specular Toggle影响镜面反射开关 AI Export输出Adobe Illustrator(*.AI)文件 AI Import输入Adobe Illustrator(*.AI)文件 Align Camera对齐摄像机 Align Grid to View对齐网格到视图 Align Normals对齐法线 Align Orientation对齐方向 Align Position对齐位臵(相对当前坐标系) Align Selection对齐选择 Align to Cursor对齐到指针 Align对齐 All Class ID全部类别 All Commands所有命令

灯饰中英文术语

灯饰中英文术语

灯饰英语 一、室内灯Residential lamp / light chandeliers枝状大吊灯 吊灯 pendant lamp / light 半吊灯 half pendant lamp / light table lamp / light台灯 wall lamp / light壁灯 floor lamp / light落地灯 ceiling lamp / light吸顶灯 palace lamp / light 宫灯 镜前灯 mirror front lamp / light picture lamp / light 镜画灯 tiffany lamp蒂芙尼灯(彩色玻璃灯) 风水灯 water fountain lamp / light hanging light吊线灯 flower/holiday lamp花/节日灯 clip lamp 夹灯 eye-protection lamp 护眼灯

music lamp 音乐灯 emergency light应急灯 二、商业灯Commercial lamp / light grille lamp / light 格栅灯track lamp / light 导轨灯down lamp / light 筒灯 spot lamp / light 投光射灯reflector lamp射灯 halogen wire lights走线灯 stage lamp舞台灯 三、户外灯Outdoor lamp / light street lamp / light 路灯pillar lamp / light 柱灯 组合灯assembled lamp / light garden lamp / light 庭院灯lawn lamp / light 草坪/地灯 户外壁灯outdoor wall lamp / light landscape lamp景观灯 high-pole lamp高杆灯

常用电气元器件英文单词

常用电气元器件英文单词(1)元件设备 三绕组变压器:three-column transformer ThrClnTrans 双绕组变压器:double-column transformer DblClmnTrans 电容器:Capacitor 并联电容器:shunt capacitor 电抗器:Reactor 母线:Busbar 输电线:TransmissionLine 发电厂:power plant 断路器:Breaker 刀闸(隔离开关):Isolator 分接头:tap 电动机:motor(2)状态参数 有功:active power 无功:reactive power 电流:current 容量:capacity 电压:voltage 档位:tap position 有功损耗:reactive loss 无功损耗:active loss 功率因数:power-factor 功率:power 功角:power-angle 电压等级:voltage grade 空载损耗:no-load loss 铁损:iron loss 铜损:copper loss 空载电流:no-load current 阻抗:impedance 正序阻抗:positive sequence impedance 负序阻抗:negative sequence impedance 零序阻抗:zero sequence impedance 电阻:resistor 电抗:reactance 电导:conductance 电纳:susceptance 无功负载:reactive load 或者QLoad 有功负载: active load PLoad 遥测:YC(telemetering) 遥信:YX 励磁电流(转子电流):magnetizing current 定子:stator

电气专业术语中英对照

一.电气名词 Electric items 二.线路(母线、回路)Lines (Bus , circuits) 三.设备 Equipments 四.保护、继电器 Protection , relays 五.电气仪表 Electric instruments 六.防雷 Lightning protection 七.接地 Grounding , earthing 八.室、所 Room , Substation 九.电修车间设备 Equipments of electric repair 十.材料 Material 十一.图名 Drawings , diagrams 十二.表头 Tables 十三.标准图词汇 Terms from standard DWG 一.电气名词 Electric items 交(直)流 Alternating (direct) current 短路电流 Short-circuit current 起始次暂态短路电流 Initial subtransient short-circuit current 冲击电流 Impulse current 稳态短路电流 Steady state short-circuit current 临界电流 Critical current 切断电流 Rupturing current 熔断电流 Blow-out current 故障电流 Fault current 计算电流 Calculating current 极限有限电流 Limit effective current 过电流 Over current 逆电流 Inverse current 整定电流 Setting current 额定电流 Rated current 电流密度 Current density 短路电流最大有效值 Maximum effective value of short-circuit current 高压 High-voltage , High-tension 低压 Low-voltage , Low-tension 计算电压 Calculating voltage 激磁电压 Exciting voltage 冲击电压 Impulse voltage 临界电压 Critical voltage

LED照明专业术语中英文对照

LED照明专业术语中英文对照 1 backplane 背板 2 Band gap voltage reference 带隙电压参考 3 benchtop supply 工作台电源 4 Block Diagram 方块图 5 Bode Plot 波特图 6 Bootstrap 自举 7 Bottom FET Bottom FET 8 bucket capcitor 桶形电容 9 chassis 机架 10 Combi-sense Combi-sense 11 constant current source 恒流源 12 Core Sataration 铁芯饱和 13 crossover frequency 交叉频率 14 current ripple 纹波电流 15 Cycle by Cycle 逐周期 16 cycle skipping 周期跳步 17 Dead Time 死区时间 18 DIE Temperature 核心温度 19 Disable 非使能,无效,禁用,关断 20 dominant pole 主极点 21 Enable 使能,有效,启用 22 ESD Rating ESD额定值 23 Evaluation Board 评估板 24 Exceeding the specifications below may result in perman ent damage to the device, or device malfunction. Operation outside of the parameters specified in the Electrical Characte ristics section is not implied. 超过下面的规格使用可能引起永久的设备损害或设备故障。建议不要工作在电特性表规定的参数范围以外。 25 Failling edge 下降沿 26 figure of merit 品质因数 27 float charge voltage 浮充电压 28 flyback power stage 反驰式功率级 29 forward voltage drop 前向压降 30 free-running 自由运行 31 Freewheel diode 续流二极管 32 Full load 满负载33 gate drive 栅极驱动 34 gate drive stage 栅极驱动级 35 gerber plot Gerber 图 36 ground plane 接地层 37 Henry 电感单位:亨利 38 Human Body Model 人体模式 39 Hysteresis 滞回 40 inrush current 涌入电流 41 Inverting 反相 42 jittery 抖动 43 Junction 结点 44 Kelvin connection 开尔文连接 45 Lead Frame 引脚框架46 Lead Free 无铅 47 level-shift 电平移动 48 Line regulation 电源调整率 49 load regulation 负载调整率 50 Lot Number 批号 51 Low Dropout 低压差 52 Miller 密勒53 node 节点 54 Non-Inverting 非反相 55 novel 新颖的 56 off state 关断状态 57 Operating supply voltage 电源工作电压 58 out drive stage 输出驱动级 59 Out of Phase 异相 60 Part Number 产品型号 61 pass transistor pass transistor 62 P-channel MOSFET P沟道MOSFET 63 Phase margin 相位裕度 64 Phase Node 开关节点 65 portable electronics 便携式电子设备 66 power down 掉电 67 Power Good 电源正常 68 Power Groud 功率地 69 Power Save Mode 节电模式 70 Power up 上电 71 pull down 下拉 72 pull up 上拉 73 Pulse by Pulse 逐脉冲(Pulse by Pulse) 74 push pull converter 推挽转换器 75 ramp down 斜降 76 ramp up 斜升 77 redundant diode 冗余二极管 78 resistive divider 电阻分压器 79 ringing 振铃 80 ripple current 纹波电流 81 rising edge 上升沿 82 sense resistor 检测电阻 83 Sequenced Power Supplys 序列电源 84 shoot-through 直通,同时导通 85 stray inductances. 杂散电感 86 sub-circuit 子电路 87 substrate 基板 88 Telecom 电信 89 Thermal Information 热性能信息 90 thermal slug 散热片 91 Threshold 阈值 92 timing resistor 振荡电阻 93 Top FET Top FET 94 Trace 线路,走线,引线

完整版multisim元器件中文与英文对照表

multisim 元器件中文与英文对照表 1。Source库:包括电源、信号电压源、信号电流源、可控电压源、可控电流源、函数控制器件6 个类。 2。BASIC库:包含基础元件,如电阻、电容、电感、二极管、三极管、开关等; 3。Diodes:二极管库,包含普通二极管、齐纳二极管、二极管桥、变容二极管、PIN二极管、发光二极管等。 4。Transisitor库:三极管库,包含NPN、PNP、达林顿管、IGBT MOS管、场效应管、可控硅等; 5。Analog 库:模拟器件库,包括运放、滤波器、比较器、模拟开关等模拟器件 6。TTL库:包含TTL型数字电路如7400 7404等门BJT电路。 7。COMS库:COMS型数字电路女口74HC00 74HC04等MOS管电路。 8。MCU Model:MCU 模型,Multisim 的单片机模型比较少,只有8051 P I C 1 6的少数模型和一些ROM RAM 等 9。Advanee Periphearls库:外围器件库,包含键盘、LCD和一个显示终端的模型。 10。MIXC Digital:混合数字电路库,包含DSR CPLD FPGA PLD 单片机-微控制器、存储器件一些接口电路等数字器件。 11。Mixed :混合库,包含定时器、AC/DA转换芯片、模拟开关、震荡器等; 12。Indicators :指示器库,包含电压表、电流表、探针、蜂鸣器、灯、数码管等等显示器件。13。Power:电源库,包含保险丝、稳压器、电压抑制、隔离电源等 14。Misc:混合库,包含晶振、电子管、滤波器、MOS驱动、和其他一些器件等 15。RF: RF库,包含一些RF器件,如高频电容电感、高频三极管等 16。 Elector Mechinical :电子机械器件库,包含传感开关、机械开关、继电器、电机等。。

电影专业术语-中英文对照

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