2020 中考冲刺 英语书面表达写作方法和技巧辅导
书面表达是中考中的主观题，分值为 15 分。培养写作技能，训练语言表达能力，要求学生能在所学 词汇、语法和句型的基础上造简单的句子，再到段落，最后到短文。书面表达是中考综合考查学生运用所 学英语知识进行语言表达的能力。
考查目标：
（一）考查考生能力： 1.理解能力 2.思维能力 3.综合分析能力 4.运用语言知识的能力
5.用英语组词造句，连句成篇的能力
6.书写能力
（二）考查考生英语基础知识： 1. 词类及用法常识 2. 句法功能 3. 动词时态用法
4. 动词不定式及动名词的用法
5. 情态动词的用法
6. 形容词和副词的用法
7. 主谓一致 8. 被动语态 9. 从句的用法。
1 、认真审
题：
弄清楚该题目究竟要表达什么，明确写作要点、要求，选好人称、时态、文体。 2 、语言地
道：
尽量使用你初中读本中学过的句式、句型、常用的短语、习惯用法。表达要正确。 3 、避繁就
简：
理解脉络，抓住重点。确保使用有把握的词汇和句型，同时注意文章的连贯性。 4 、仔细检
查： 复核全文，注意时态、语态、人称是否上下文一致，单词是否有单复数的错误，
拼写的错误，字数是否达到要求等。
（一）写好词汇注意要点：
一、措辞要遵循习惯 语言是说话的习惯，交流的工具。写作时应该尽量使用常见的、熟悉的、符合语法习惯的词语，同时 注意口语和书面语的区别，使用真实的书面语表达方式，避免文章生硬、难懂。
二、选词要表达精准 词义指词所表达的含义。要用词贴切，准确的表达意思。尤其要注意辨析近义词在具体语境中的语法 区别，否则使用不当就会出错。
三、用词简明扼要 选词时我们要尽量根据自己的词汇量和能力，尽量使用自己有把握，同时又能准确表达文意的单词。
（二）写好句子注意要点：
1. 如何写好简单句？ 句型 1：S+V （主谓结构： S=主语； V= 谓语）
The students listened carefully. He runs quickly. My parents work day and night.
句型 2：S+V+P （主系表结构： P=表语 ）
The story sounds interesting. He becomes a teacher when he grew up.
句型 3：S+V+O （ 主谓宾结构： O=宾语）
We found their home easily. You should look after your children well. 句型 4： S+V+O1+O2（主谓双宾结构： O1=间接宾语； O2=间接宾语） He gave a book to me. My brother brought a computer to her.
句型 5：S+V+O+C（主谓宾补结构： C=宾语补足语）
The teacher made the girl angry. We all found her happy that day.
句型 1：主语 + 及物动词 +that （宾语从句）
He found that his English was too poor. He decided that he must work hard.
句型 2：主语 +whether/if 从句（宾语从句）
I wonder whether he will come. I don ' t know whether hee o wn itlli marer.i v
句型 3：主语 +连接代词 /连接副词 +从句（宾语从句）
No one knows what he ' s doing. Can you tell me when we are leaving?
句型 4：主句 +when/while/as/before/after 从句（状语从句）
Please keep silent when/while he is writing. When my mother came in, I was doing my homework.
句型 5：主句 +until/till 从句（状语从句）
I didn ' t sleep until/till eleven o ' clock last night. I do my homework until/till ten o ' clock ev
句型 6：主句 +since 从句 /It is+...since 从句（状语从句）
We have lived here since we moved to the city. It ' s four years since we met last nigehnt .g Wooed hfraievned bse
since we were at school.
句型 7：主句 +as soon as 从句（状语从句）
Please call us as soon as you arrive at the airport. I will tell your mother the news as soon as I see her. 句型 8：主句 +because 从句
He didn ' t pass the exam because he didn ' t study hyaorud .a rBee hcearues,e I am here.
句型 9：主句 +so that/in order that 从句
Can you speak louder so that/in order that I can hear you? I get up early every morning so that/in order that I can arrive at school on time.
句型 10：主语 +be/v.+so+adj./adv+that 从句（状语从句）
The child is so l ovely that everyone loves her so much. He ran so quickly that I couldn ' t catch up with h
句型 11： though/although 从句 +主句（状语从句）
Though/Although you are a child,I will still punish you.
3.如何写好上下文句子之间的联系与衔接？过渡链接词对写作其着非常重要的作用，它能使句子之间链接连贯，过渡自然，行文流畅。中考英语写作常用的连接词：并列 and; as well as ; also; too；选择 or; either...or; 原因because （of） ;owing to; due to ; thanks to 结果 so ; therefore ; thus ; as a result 转折 although/though; but ; yet; however ; 递进 besides ; what ' s more举例 for example; such as 。
（三）写好段落注意要点：写作时要注意提前考虑好文章的段落布局和结构，做到每段主旨明确，分条说明，条理清晰。常用的文章段落结构布局方法有：
① 时间顺序——记叙文和说明文讲述一个故事或一系列事件或叙述一件事的程序或步骤时，通常按事件发生的时间先后顺序描写，即常用时间顺序来布局文章段落。
② 空间顺序——议论文往往要根据题材和主题需要，按照现象—问题—原因—对策（或建议）的分析和解决思
路，使用列举、举例、对比等方法讲同一类的要点放在一起，按照空间顺序蒋要点一个个的论述清楚。
（四）写好文章注意要点：好的文章内容要完整，正文要有中心主旨，也要有围绕中心主旨的具体描
述；开头和结尾也要尽量做到“龙头凤尾” 。一般来说，一篇文章包括三个组成部分：
（ 1）开头——导入或引出话题，表明写作意图或主旨（ 1-2 句话）。
（ 2）正文——分类、分条、分点具体描述或论述（6-8 句话）。
（ 3）结尾——总结、归纳、呼应主题或发表看法、呼吁或建议（2-3 句话）。
1 、避免重复使用同一词语为了使表达更生动，更富表现力，同学们在写作时应尽量避免重复使用同一词语来表示同一意思，尤其是一些老生常谈的词语。如有的同学一看到“喜欢”二字，就会立刻想起 like ，事实上，英语中表示类似意思的
词和短语很多，如 love, enjoy, prefer, appreciate, be fond of, care for 等。如：
I like reading while my brother likes watching television.
→ I like reading while my brother enjoys watching television. 我喜欢看书，而我的兄弟却喜欢看电视。
2、适当运用非谓语结构非谓语结构通常被认为是一种高级结构，适当运用非谓语结构，会给人一种熟练驾驭语言的印象。如：
（1）When he heard the news, they all jumped for joy.
→ Hearing the news, they all jumped for joy. 听了这消息他们都高兴得跳了起来。
（2）As I didn ' t know her address, I wasn ' t able to get in touch with her.
→ Not knowing her address, I wasn ' t abtloeu tcoh g weti tihn her.
由于不知道她的地址，我没法和她联系。
（3）As he was born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling.
→ Born into a peasant family, he had only two years of schooling. 他出生农民家庭，只上过两年学。
3、灵活改变句子开头在通常情况下，英语句子的排列方式为“主语+谓语 +宾语”，即主语位于句子开头。但若根据情况适当改变
句子的开头方式，比如使用倒状语或以状语开头等，会使文章增强表现力。如：
（1）There stands an old temple at the top of the hill.
→ At the top of the hill there stands an old temple. 在小山顶上有一座古庙。
（2）You can do it well only in this way.
→ Only in this way can you do it well. 只有这样你才能把它做好。
（3）A young woman sat by the window.
→ By the window sat a young woman. 窗户边坐着一个年轻妇女。
4、交替结合使用短句(简单句)与长句(加修饰词、状语、或非谓语结构) 在英语写作中，过多地使用长句或过多地使用短句都不好。正确的做法是，根据实际情况在文章中交替使用长句与短语，使文章显得错落有致，这样不仅仅使文章在形式上增加美感，而且使文章读起来铿锵有力。如：
At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. Then we had a short rest. Then we began to play happily. We sang and danced. Some told stories. Some played chess.
→ At noon we had a picnic lunch in the sunshine. After a short rest, we had great fun singing and dancing, telling jokes and playing chess. 中午我们晒着太阳吃野餐。休息一会儿后，我们唱的唱歌，跳的跳舞，还有的讲笑话、下棋，大家玩得很开心。
5、恰当套用学过的固定表达句型
(1)He was very tired. He couldn ' t walk any farther.
→ He was too tired to walk any farther. 他太累了，不能再往前走了。
(2)The film was very interesting. Both the teachers and the students liked it.
→ The film was so interesting that both the teachers and the students liked it. 这电影很有趣，学生和老师都很喜欢。
(3)Your son is old. He can look after himself now.
→ Your son is old enough to look after himself now. 你的儿子已经长大，可以自己照顾自己了。
6、学会使用“从句”结构
(1)Now everyone knows the news. I think Jim must have let it out.
→ Now everyone knows the news. I think it must have been Jim who has let it out. 现在人人都知道这消息了，我想一定是吉姆把它泄露出去的。
(2)We had to stand there to catch the offender.
→ What we had to do was (to) stand there, trying to catch the offender. 我们所能做的只是站在那儿，设法抓住违章者。
(3)If her pronunciation is not better than her teacher ' s, it is at least as good as her teacher
→ Her pronunciation is as good as, if not better than, her teacher ' s.
如果她的语音不比她的老师好的话，至少也不会比她老师的差。
7、适当使用动词短语代替同义单词
(1)He has decided to be a teacher when he grows up.
→ He has made up his mind to be a teacher when he grows up. 他已决定长大了当老师。
(2)He doesn't like music.
→ He doesn't care much for music.
他不大喜欢音乐。
(3)He told me that the question was now under discussion.
（一）书面表达
根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。面对考试，许多人都会感到紧张，有压力。最近，你们学校开展了“ How to deal with the exam stress 的征”文
比赛，请你用英语写一篇文章参加比赛。
内容包括：
1．分析适当压力的作用和过重压力对考试的影响； 2．记叙你一次考前成功的心理调节经历；
3．祝愿同学们能正确对待考试压力，取得好成绩。
作文要求： 1．不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名； 2．语句连贯，词数 80 个左右；作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。
How to deal with the exam stress
Everyone may have the exam stress.
二）书面表达根据要求完成短文写作，请将作文写在答题卡指定的位置上。
你身边近视的同学多吗？请你写一篇题为“How to stay away from being short－ sighted？”的英语短文，谈谈自己的看法。
内容包括：
1．描述你自己或者你同学是怎么近视的，以及近视带来的不便；
2．提出预防近视的建议（至少两条）； 3．呼吁每个同学要注意保护视力。
作文要求： 1．不能照抄原文，不得在作文中出现学校的真实名称和学生的真实姓名； 2．语句连贯，词数 80 个左右；作文的标题和开头已经给出，不计入总词数，也不必抄写在答题卡上。
How to stay away from being short － sighted?
We'll get short－ sighted if we don't pay attention to protecting our eyes.
参考范文】
One possible version：
How to deal with the exam stress
Everyone_may_have_the_exam_stress. If we have proper stress, we can work harder.What's more, it can make us think actively.However, when we are under too much pressure, we can't sleep well and feel tired.We may fail in the end.
I will never forget the final exam last term.Before the exam, I planned and prepared well.Besides, I ate healthy and took enough exercise.I could get good sleep at night.As a result, I felt relaxed while having exams and did very well in it.
So I hope everyone can deal with the exam stress properly and get good grades.
One possible version：
How to stay away from being short －sighted?
We'll_get_short－sighted_if_we_don't_pay_attention_to_protecting_our_eyes.For_example,_my best friend Lily got short－sighted last year.She studied very hard, but she didn't care much about her eyes.When she did her homework, she put her eyes very close to the desk.And she usually did some reading in bed before falling https://www.doczj.com/doc/2011772126.html,st year she couldn't see persons and things clearly.She had to wear glasses from then on.
Eyes are the windows of a person.Here is some advice on how to protect our eyes.First, you should do eye exercises every day.Second, you'd better let your eyes take a break every 20 minutes when you do your homework.Third, you shouldn't read in bed.
I hope everyone can take good care of eyes.Let's take action now.