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45个基本介词的用法

45个基本介词的用法
45个基本介词的用法

——45个基本介词的用法

1、about

[prep]

(1)在…到处,在…各处here and there

eg: We wandered about the town for an hour or so.

He looked about the room.

(2)在…附近next to a place

eg. She lives about the office.

(3)关于in connection with

eg: a book about English study

I don’t know what you are talking about.

[adv]

(1)大约close to

eg: We left there about 10 o’clock.

It costs about 500 dollars.

(2)到处,各处

eg: The children were rushing about in the garden.

(3)在附近

eg : There is no food about.

【常见搭配】

作介词时的搭配:

一.动词+(about+名词)

(1)arrange (about sth)安排关于某事(2)argue (about sth)讨论某事(3)ask (about sth) 询问关于某事(4)boast (about sb/sth) 吹嘘... (5)care (about sb/sth)关心…,对…感兴趣

(6)chat(about sth) 谈论某事(7)complain(about sb/sth) 抱怨…(8)dream (about sb/sth)梦见某人/某物

(9)go (about sth)着手做...;从事... (10)hear (about sth) 听说... (11)know(about sth) 了解...(12)learn (about sth) 得知某事(13)put (about sth)散布(谣言等)(14)quarrel (about sth)为...争吵

(15)see (about sth)负责处理...

(16)talk(about sth) 谈论...

(17)think (about sth) 考虑..

(18)warn sb (about sth) 告诫某人关

于某事

(19)wonder(about sb/sth) 对.. 好奇

(20)worry(about sb/sth) 对...担心

二、名词+(about+名词)

(1)concern (about sb/sth)

对…的关心/关怀

(2)curiosity (about sb/sth) 对…

的好奇

(3)doubt (about sb/sth)

对…的怀疑

(4)ethusiasm (about sth)

对…的热情

(5)information (about sb/sth)

关于…的信息

(6)remark (about sth)

对…的评论

(7)opinion (about sth)

对…的意见

(8)view (about sb/sth) 对...的观

三、be+adj+(about+名词)

(1)be angry (about sth)

为…而生气

(2)be anxious(about sth)

为…忧虑

(3)be careful(about sth)

当心…

(4)be cautious (about sth) 谨

防...;对...持谨慎态度

(5)be certain (about sth)

确信关于某事

(6)be curious (about sth)

对…感到好奇

(7)be disappointed (about sth)

对…感到失望

(8)be excited (about sth)

对…感到兴奋

(9)be glad/happy (about sth)

对…感到高兴

(10)be hopeful (about sth)

对…抱有希望

(11)be crazy/mad/wild (about

sth)

对…痴狂;酷爱某事

(12)be nervous (about sth)

为…感到不安/因...感到紧张

(13)be optimistic/positive

(about sth)

对...是积极乐观的

(14)be particular (about sb/sth)

对... 讲究,挑剔

(15)be sad (about sth)

为…而难

(16)be serious (about sth)

对…认真

(17)be sorry (about sth)

对...抱歉

作副词时的搭配:

名词+动词+about

(1)sth come about某事发生

(2)sth get about某事(尤指消息

等)传开

(3)sb turn about某人转身

(4)sb wander about某人徘徊,游

(5)sb walk about某人走来走去

2、above

【原始含义】

a-b-over“A在B上方”

【引申含义】prep.

(1)在…上方at or to a higher

place than sth/sb

eg: The sun rose above the

horizon.

(2)数目大于…/重量超过…/价格(能力、

… more than sth.; greater in number, level or age than sb./sth.

eg: There is nothing in the store above 50 cents.

(3) 重要性或质量超过、胜过

of greater importance or of higher quality than sb/sth eg. I rate her above most other players of her age. (4)声音超过… louder or clearer than another sound

eg: I couldn ’t hear her above the noise of the traffic.

(5)不至于,不屑于做某事 too good or too honest to do sth

eg. She is above suspicion.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(above+名词)

(1)live ( above one ’s income) 入不敷出地生活

(2)put A (above B) 把A 看得比B 更重要

(3)rise (above sth) 克服...,不受....的影响

(4)talk (above one ’s head) 高深莫测地谈论

二、be+(above+名词)

(1)be (above oneself ) 兴高采烈= be in one’s high spirit (2)be (above one’s head ) 难以理解/超出某人理解能力

3、across 【原始含义】

a-grass “一片草坪”,across 指在平面上经过,就像人走过一片草坪那样。

【引申含义】prep.

(1)穿过from one side to the other side

eg: She walked across the road. (2)在...对面 on the other side of

sth.

eg: The bar is just across the street.

(3)交叉 cross

eg: He sat with his arms across his chest.

(4)在...各处,遍及... everywhere

eg. The opinion is common across the university.

【常见搭配】 动词+(across+名词)

(1)A come (across B) A 偶遇B (2)A cut (across B)

A 走

B 捷径;A 打断B

(3)A go (across B) A 穿过B (4)A put (across B)

A 解释清楚

B ;A 把B 送到对岸

(5)A run (across B) A 横穿B ;A 偶然碰到B

4、after

【原始含义】

“A 在B 之后(强调顺序)” 【引申含义】 [prep]

(1)在…之后 (时间顺序、空间顺序)

later than sth; following sth in time

eg: After dinner, they went out for a walk.

(2)在…后面,仅次于(按重要性)next to the following

eg. Your name comes after mine in the list.

(3)与…对照、对比 in contrast to sth

eg. It was cool after the heat outside.

(4)照着…的样子 following the example of sb/sth

eg: Read the sentence after me, please.

[adv]

后来、以后 later in time, afterwords

eg:Soon after, she came back to her hometown.

The prince and princess lived happily ever after.

【常见搭配】 作介词时的搭配 一、 名词+动词+(after+名词) (1)A chase (after B) A 追赶/追

求B

(2)A go (after B) A 追逐B. (3)A look (after B)

A

照顾B.

(4)A model (after B) A 以B 为榜样、原型;A 效仿B

(5)A name (after B) A 用B 作名字.

(6)A run (after B) A 追求/追赶/追逐B.

(7)A search (after B) A 研究B. (8)A see (after B)

A 照顾B

(9)A seek (after B)

A 寻

找B.

(10)A take (after B) A 与B 相像.

二、(after+名词) (1)(after a while )

过了一会,不久

(2)(after all )毕竟;终究

(3)(after one’s own heart ) 正合...的心意;

5、against 【原始含义】 a-g-a “相对” 【引申含义】 [prep]

(1)碰着、靠着 touching, close to or hitting sb/sth

eg: She was leaning against a tree. (2)反对 opposing or disagreeing with sb./sth

eg: We should fight against crimes.

(3)预防in order to prevent sth from happening

eg: Save money against a rainy day. 未雨绸缪

(4)违反(违反法律、制度)

eg: It is against the law to hunt tigers.

(5)不利于not to the advantage or favor of sb./sth

eg: What he said is against him.

(6)映衬with sth in the background as a contrast

Eg. The red flag stood out clearly against the blue sky.

(7)和…相比in contrast to sth

eg. You must weigh the benefits against the cost.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(against+名词)

(1)act (against sth)

违反...

(2)argue (against sth)

为...而争辩/据理反对

(3)compete (against sb)

与某人比赛/竞争/对抗

(4)decide (against sth/doing sth) 考虑后不做某事/声明反对某事(5)declare (against sb/sth)

表态反对...

(6)fight (against sth)

反对…;与...做斗争

(7)go (against sth) 违反…

(8)inform (against sb) 告发、检举某人

(9)lean (against sth)

靠着某物/斜靠某物

(10)offend (against sth)

违犯…

(11)press (against sth)

压在…上

(12)protect (against sth)

保护免受…的伤害

(13)prepare (against sth)

防备…

(14)strike (against sth) 罢工

抗议...

(15)struggle (against sb/sth)

与...搏斗/反抗

(16)turn (against sth)

背叛…

(17)vote (against sth)

投票反对…

(18)warn sb (against sth)

提醒某人提防某事

二、be+adj+(against+名词)

(1)be prejudiced (against

sb/sth) 对... 持有偏见

(2)be proof (against sth) 可防

止…的

(3)be set (against sth) 坚决反

对...

6、around

【原始含义】

a+round“A在一个圆里面(在一定

范围内)”

【引申含义】

[prep]

(1)在…周围,围绕surrounding

sb/sth

eg: There are many bars around

the town.

(2)在附近,到处in or to many

places

eg: I showed him around our

campus.

[adv]

(1)大约approximately

eg: There are around 1000

people watching the game.

(2)在周围

eg : How can you make the

wheel go around?

(3)在附近、到处

eg: I ran around to find him.

【常见搭配】

作介词时

一、动词+(around+名词)

(1)center (around sth)

以...为中心,集中于...

(2)look (around sth)

环顾...;游览...;

(3)wrap (around sth)

缠绕住...;环绕...;

二、around +名词

(1)(around the corner)

...靠近、临近、快来了;

(2)(around the clock) 日夜不

停地;夜以继日地

作副词时

名词+动词+around

(1)sb gaze around

某人向四周看,环视

(2)sth get around

某事(尤指消息、谣言等)走动、流传

(3)sb/sth turn around

某人或某物转身

7、at

【原始含义】

“在场所,时间上的一点”

【引申含义】prep.

(1)小地点,或小时间点

used to say where sb/sth is

or when sth happens

eg: Usually, he is (at his office) (in

the morning).

She went to school (at 8

o’clock) (in the morning).

(2)在几岁时the age (at which

sb does sth)

eg: She was married (at 23).

(3)向,朝某人或某物in the

direction towards sb/sth

eg: Don’t point at me.

knock at the door, shoot at the

tiger, aim at the enemy

(4)从相隔…远的地方the

distance away from sth

eg: Can you read that poster

(at fifty miles)?

You’d better keep him (at a distance).

(5)处于某种状态the situation sb/sth is in

eg: Mr. Smith is (at lunch).

The country is (at war).

Bill was (at his best) in college.

(at one’s best: 某人的辉煌时期)

(6)在某方面in terms of…

eg: I am not good (at

football).

(7)表示引发某种情绪或动作的原因

to show the cause of sth

eg: He showed no sign of pleasure (at seeing her).

I was delighted (at the result)+.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(at+名词)

(1)aim(at sth)以…为目标;瞄准…;针对…;

(2)arrive(at sth) 到达某地或某种程度

(3)blush (at sth) 对...感到脸红;

(4)come (at sb/sth) 攻击某人;发现某事

(5)fire (at sth) 向...开火

(6)gaze (at sb/sth) 凝视, 注视...

(7)get (at sth ) 到达, 接近...;着手...;暗指...;意知...;

(8)glance (at sb/sth) 一瞥,扫视...

(9)glare (at sb/sth) 对...怒目而视

(10)grab/grasp (at sb/sth) 抓住...

(11)knock(at sth) 敲…

(12)laugh (at sb) 嘲笑某人

(13)look(at sb/sth) 看…

(14)point (at sb/sth) 指向/ 瞄准/ 针对…

(15)run (at sb/sth) 向某人冲去;达到某种水平

(16)shoot(at sth) 朝…射击

(17)shout (at sb) 朝某人喊叫

(18)smile (at sb) 向某人微笑

(19)target (at sb/sth) 瞄

准…,以…为目标

(20)wonder (at sth) 对…好奇/

对…感到吃惊

(21)yell (at sb) 对某人大喊大叫

二、(at+名词)

(1)(at the age) (of some number)

在几岁

(2)(at an altitude) (of some

number) 在某个高度

(3)(at the cost/expense)(of sth)

以...为代价

(4)(at the end) (of sth)

在...的结尾

(5)(at the request) (of sb)

应某人的请求

(6)(at the risk) (of sth/doing sth)

冒着....的风险

(7)(at the sight)(of sb/sth)

一看见....

(8)(at a speed)(of some number)

以...的速度

(9)(at the thought)(of sb/sth)

一想到...

(10)(at birth)

出生时

(11)(at bottom)

其实,实

际上

(12)(at one’s command)

听候...的差遣

(13)(at the corner)

在拐角处

(14)(at dawn/daybreak)

在黎明, 在拂晓

(15)(at a discount)

减价、折扣

(16)(at first) 最初,开始时

(17)(at hand) 在手边,即将发生

(18)(at home) 在家/国内

(19)(at large) 自由,逍遥法外

(20)(at length)

详细地

(21)(at last)

最后,终于

(22)(at least)

至少,起码

(23)(at leisure)

有空,闲暇时

(24)(at the moment)

现在,眼下...

(25)(at any price)

不惜任何代价,无论如何

(26)(at one time)

过去,曾经,一度

(27)(at the same time)

同时

(28)(at work)

在工作

三、be+adj+(at+名词)

(1)be angry (at sb/sth)

对...生气

(2)be competent (at sth)

在...方面有能力

(3)be delighted (at sth)

对...感到非常高兴

(4)be disappointed (at sb/sth)

对...感到失望

(5)be dissatisfied (at sb/sth)

对...不满意

(6)be expert (at sth/doing sth)

专长,擅长于,精通

(7)be skilled (at sth/doing sth)

在...方面有技能,熟练

(8)be gifted (at sth/doing sth)

在...有天赋

(9)be good (at sth/doing sth)

擅长...

(10)be hopeless (at sth/doing

sth)

对...感到绝望;对...一筹莫展

(11)be mad (at sb/sth) 对..

愤怒

(12)be surprised (at sb/sth) 对...

感到吃惊

(13)be terrfied (at sth/doing sth)

被... 惊吓

(14)be weak (at sth/doing sth)

在...方面欠缺,差

8、before

【原始含义】

be+fore“在…之前“(时间、空间、顺序)”

【引申含义】prep.

(1)时间上earlier in time

eg: Please come back (before 10:00pm).

(2)空间上earlier in position

eg: Don’t put the cart (before the horse).

(3)顺序上earlier in order or arrangement

eg: Health should come (before wealth).

(4)当(某人)面in the presence of sb

eg : She charged him of murder (before the jury).

【常见搭配】:

一、动词+(before+名词)

(1)A come (before B)

A在B之上,比B更重要

(2)complain (before sb) 在某人面前控诉

(3)go (before sb)

出现在某人面前

(4)put/set A (before B) 把A 看的比B重要

(5)stand (before sb/sth)

站立在…前面

二、(before +名词)

(1)(before day)

破晓之前

(2)(before long)

不久以后

(3)(before one's eyes)

当着某人的面

(4)(before time)

提前

(5)(before the wind)

顺风

(6)(before the world)

在众人面前

9、behind

【原始含义】

be + hide“在…之后”

【引申含义】

[prep]

(1)空间上,在…后面at the back of

sb/sth

eg: A dog is running (behind us).

A dog is running (after us).

(2)是产生…的原因

responsible for stating or

developing sth

eg: There must be someone

(behind it).

What’s (behind that happy

smile)?

(3)时间上,在之后sth is in the

past

eg: New York is 12 hours (behind

Beijing) (in time).

(4)能力上,在之后making less

progress than sb./sth

eg: He’s (behind the rest of

others) (in reading).

(5)支持,赞成giving approval of

sth

eg : My mother is always (behind

me) (whatever decision I make).

[adv]

在后面,在远处

eg: She rode (along the street)

(with her dog) (running behind).

作介词时:

一、动词+(behind+名词)

(1)fall/ lag (behind sb/sth)

落在…后面

(2)go (behind sth)

进一步斟酌…

They will go behind the decision.

二、(behind +名词)

(1)(behind bars)

在狱中

(2)(behind sb’s back)

在背后

(3)(behind the

schedule/time) 晚点、推迟

(4)(behind the times)

过时、落伍

作副词时:

(1)sb stay/ remain behind

某人(在他人走后)逗留,留下

(2)sb wait behind某人(在别

人走后)留下

(3)leave sth/sb behind忘带,留

下某物;超越某人

10、beside

【原始含义】

be+side “在…边上”

【引申含义】prep.

(1)在...旁边next to…; by the side

of…

eg: a town (beside the sea)

She sat (beside the teacher).

(2)与...相比compared with

eg: My work is so poor (beside

yours).

【常见搭配】

(beside+名词)

(1)(beside oneself) 高兴

的不得了

(2)(beside the point) 离题,不

中肯;与…无关

11、besides

【原始含义】

beside+s“除...外,还有 (i)

addition to sb/sth [prep]

eg: There were two other students

(in the classroom) (besides Tom).

【常见搭配】

besides+名词/动名词

eg: We have a lot (in common)

(besides music).

(Besides working) (as a

doctor), he also writes a lot of stories.

12、between

【原始含义】

be-two-in“在两者之间”

【引申含义】prep.

(1)空间、时间、顺序、等级上,在两者之间

in the middle of two things in terms of space, time, order, class etc.

eg: (Between two strange buildings) stands a tree.

His age is (between sixty and seventy).

(2)表示两者之间的某种关系

to show a connection or relationship

eg: He has to decide (between life and death).

There is a great difference (between the two articles).

You should learn between lines(字里行间).

(3)合用、共享

shared by two or more people or things

eg: This is a secret (between you and me). (仅在我们俩之间).

We drank a bottle of wine (between us).

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(between+名词)

(1)draw a clear dividing line ( between sth) 明显区分…

(2)make a difference (between sb/sth) 区别对待…

(3)read (between lines) 读出字里行间的言外之意

(4)stand (between sth/sb)

阻碍…

二、名词+(between+名词)

(1)balance (between A and B)

A 和B的均衡

We should always consider the balance (between cost and benefit).

(2)connection (between sth/sb)

某人或某物之间的联系

13、beyond

【原始含义】

be+yond “(在彼处)“在…之外”

【引申含义】:prep.

(1)在…较远的一边

on the further side of sth

eg: The village is beyond the

mountain.

(2)时间上晚于…

later than a particular time

eg: It won’t go on

(beyond midnight).

(3)超出某人的能力范围,非…所及

far too advanced for sb

eg: The bag is (beyond

my reach).

(4)表示…是不可能的

to say that sth is impossible

eg: The bicycle is (beyond repair).

【常见搭配】

一、(beyond+名词)

(1)(beyond one’s

ability/strength/power) 超越

某人的能力

(2)(beyond belief)难以置信

(3)(beyond comparison)无法

比喻

(4)(beyond cure)

无可救药

(5)(beyond control)

无法控制

(6)(beyond doubt/suspicion)

不容置疑

(7)(beyond one’s wildest

dreams) 做梦也想不到

(8)(beyond one’s endurance)

无法忍受

(9)(beyond expression)

无法表达

(10)(beyond imagination)

超出想象

(11)(beyond measure) 无

法估量

(12)(beyond praise) 赞

美不完,称赞不绝

(13)(beyond price)

极其珍贵,无价的

(14)(beyond one’s reach)

在某人够不着的地方

(15)(beyond reason)

不合理

(16)(beyond recognition) 难以

认出

(17)(beyond repair) 无法修复

(18)(beyond the seas) 到海

(19)(beyond understanding)

难以理解

(20)(beyond words)

无法形容

She is very beautiful.

She is elegant.

Her beauty is beyond words.

(21)(beyond sb)

为某人所不能

理解

二、动词+(beyond+名词)

(1)go (beyond sth)

超出..., 超过...

(3)see (beyond sth)

预料...;预见...

14、by

【原始含义】

“在旁边”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)在…旁边at the side of

eg: We prefer a table (by the

window).

(2)不迟于,在…之前before

eg: We have studied several

prepositions (by now).

I shall have finished the work (by the time you return).

(3)表示方式in which way sth is done

eg: I go to school (by bus).

(4)通过…;根据…according to sth eg: He can tell the direction (by the stars).

Don’t judge a person (by his looks).

(5)按…计算the degree or amount of sth

eg: Eggs are usually sold (by dozen).

The temperature has risen (by 5 degrees).

(6)由于…as a result of …

eg: They met (by chance).

I did it (by mistake).

(7)被… used

eg: He was shocked (by what he had seen).

(8)表示触及或抓住人物的部分

used to show the part of sb that another person catches

eg: I seized her (by the hair).

(9)表示逐步推进;the rate sth

happens

eg: He is making progress (day by day).

(10)以…的名义in the name of

eg: I swear (by Almighty

God) (that I will never betray

my country).

adv.

(1)经过past

eg: Time goes by quickly.

He hurried by (without

speaking to me).

(2)短暂拜访

eg: Please drop by (when it is convenient) (for you).

【常见搭配】

作介词时:

一、by+名词

(1)(by accident/chance) 偶

然地

(2)(by coincidence) 巧合地

(3)(by all means) 想尽一

切办法、一定要

(4)(by means)(of sb/sth) 借

助于…

(5)(by no means) 绝不,一

点儿也不

(6)(by appearance)

从外表

(7)(by comparison) 相比之下

(8)(by contrast) 对比之下

(9)(by definition) 根据定

义,实质上

(10)(by hand) 人工地

(11)(by heart) 靠记忆,背诵

(12)(by mistake)

错误地

(13)(by nature) 天性上,本质

(14)(by turns) 轮流地

(15)(by the way)

顺便说一下

二.动词+(by+名词)

(1)come (by sth) (尤指通过努

力)获得…; 偶然得到…

(2)go (by sth) 顺便走访…

(3)judge sb/sth(by sth)通过…判

断,断定某物或某人

(4)live (by sth) 以...为生计;

遵守,遵循…

(5)pass (by sth) 经过…;不

考虑,回避…

(6)profit (by sth) 从…中获益

(7)swear (by sb/sth) 极其信赖某

人;对某物发誓

(8)take sb (by sth) 抓住某人的

某个部位

(9)tell (by sth) 根据…判断,推

三、be+过去分词+(by+名词)

(1)be characterized(by sth)

以…为特征

(2)be disgusted (by sth)

对…厌恶

(3)be distracted (by sb/sth) 精

力被…分散

(4)be replaced (by sb/sth)

被…取代

四、名词+by+名词

(1)bit by bit 一点一点地,

逐渐地

(2)day by day一天一天地,逐

(3)inch by inch一点一点地

(4)little by little 逐渐

(5)one by one一个

接一个

(6)side by side 并

(7)step by step 按

部就班地

(8)year by year 年年,

逐年

作副词时:

名词+动词+by

(1)sb drop by某人

顺便访问

(2)sb get by某人

勉强接受;设法勉强生存

(3)sb stand by某人袖手旁

(4)sb stop by(顺便)过访,

串门

15、despite

【原始含义】

“尽管、不顾” = in spite of

eg: The old professor kept on

working (despite his poor health).

【常见搭配】

prep.

(1)despite sth/doing sth 尽管

某事,尽管做了某事

eg : He failed (in the exam)(despite all the efforts).

(Despite applying for hundreds of jobs), he is still out of work.

(2)despite the fact that+句子尽管事实是…

eg. She kept learning French despite the fact that she found it difficult

(3)despite oneself 尽管不愿意

eg. He had to laugh despite himself.

16、down

【原始含义】

“向下”

【引申含义】

[prep]

(1)表示自上而下,向下,往下from top to bottom

eg: In order to catch the bus they run (down the hill).

Tears run down her face quietly.

(2)沿着河、沿着路along

eg: He walked down the road.

We sailed down the river.

[adv]

(1)向下,朝下to or at a lower place

eg: He looked down (at her).

(2)(数量、力量等)减弱,降低

to show that the amount or strength of sth is lower

eg: He finally settle down (in Florida).

(3)向南方,在南方to or in the south

of a country

eg: They flew down (to

Texas).

(4)(写)在纸上;(列)在表格上on

paper, on a list

Eg: Have you got me down (for the trip)?

【常见搭配】

作副词时:

一、动词+(名词)+down

(1)blow sth down刮

倒,吹倒...

(2)break sth down摧

毁;克服....

(3)burn sth down烧

毁...

(4)close sth down关

闭...

(5)cut sth down

砍伐...;缩减...

(6)hold sth down

阻止,控制....

(7)keep sth/sb down

控制;压迫...

(8)knock sb/sth down

撞击,撞倒...

(9)mark sth down记

录,写下...

(10)narrow sth down

缩小...

(11)note sth down记

录,写下...

(12)pass sth down传

递...

(13)settle sb down

使...平静/安静下来

(14)let sb down

让某人失望

(15)turn sth down拒

绝...

(16)write sth down记下...

二、名词+动词+down

(1)sth break down某物坏

(2)sb calm down某人冷静下

(3)sth come down某物掉下来,

下跌

(4)sth cool down某物冷却

(5)sth/sb fall down某物坍

塌;某人失败

(6)sth go down某物落下,

沉下

(7)sb kneel down某人跪下

(8)sb look down某人向下看

(9)sb look down (on sb/sth)

某人瞧不起...

(10)sth pour down(雨水

等)倾泻

(11)sb/sth slow down ...减速

17、during

【原始含义】“在…期间”all through

a period of time

eg: Not a word did they say

(during the meal).

I haven’t had any meat

(during the last several years).

I saw Linda (during the

meeting).

18、except

【原始含义】

ex-cept“拿出来”,take out, 除…以外

eg: Everyone was here except

Tom.

【注意】besides表示“加”,except

表示“减”

【常见搭配】

(1)except for sth

除……之外; 除去…

(2)except (that+句子)

除了…

(3)nothing (except sth)

只有…

19、for

【原始含义】

“特定的某一方面”

因为为了过多久

【引申含义】prep

(1)表示某一特定目的meant to be

given to...

eg: I bought a gift for you.

He planned to write some stories

for children.

You have won honor for our

country.

Many people come here for the

beautiful scenery every year.

The government provides water and food for the poverty-stricken areas.

(2)表示某一特定方向(车、船等);往,向,朝着...towards...

eg: She has left (for London).

The bus is for Shanghai.

Passengers (for Tianjin)change at Beijing.

(3)表示某物特定的价值、数量the price of...

eg: I paid 5 dollars (for that book).

He rent the house (to me) (for 3000 yuan per month).

(4)在某一特定方面,当做,作为as

eg: I will keep it (for a souvenir).

Most of the museums have been used (for offices).

Don’t take others’kindness (for granted).

A take

B for granted.

(5)表示特定的原因:因为,由于... Because of ...

eg: Bejing is famous (for its long history).

I was grateful (to you) (for what you had done).

He was criticized (for the careless attitude).

Forgive me (for keeping you waiting) (for a long time).

(6)表示在某一特定方面或出于某种特定原因的赞成、支持in support of ...

eg: I vote (for Mr. Li).

Our manager is (for cutting down production cost).

(7)表示特定时间或距离

certain length of time or distance

eg: We have learned English (for six years).

I haven’t seen you (for ages).

That afternoon we walked (for miles) (along the river).

(8)在某一特定方面的影响,对于...

in regard to ....

eg: She has a good taste (for

music).

He has a natural gift (for

drawing).

Dickens shows great

sympathy (for the poor) (in his novels).

It’s good (for you) (to do

exercise regularly).

(9)就...而言,考虑到...

considering

eg: She is small (for her age).

His maturity seems unsuitable

(for a boy of sixteen).

It’s quite fine weather (for

spring).

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(for+名词)

(1)answer (for sth) 为...负责

(2)appeal (for sb) 出庭为...辩护

(3)argue (for sth) 为...争辩

(4)ask (for sth)请求要…

(5)charge (for sth/doing sth)

为...要价,收费

(6)compete (for sth) 为...竞争

(7)account (for sth) 解释,说明...

(8)allow (for sth) 考虑到...

(9)call (for sb/sth) 去接某人;需要某物(10)care ( for sb/sth) 喜欢,想要...

(11)dig (for sth) 寻求…

(12)enter ( for sth) 报名参加...

(13)go (for sb/sth) 进攻某人;

喜欢,想要某物

(14)head (for some place) 朝某

地前进

(15)leave (for some place) 出发

前往某地

(16)hope (for sth) 期待,希望.... (17)long (for sth) 渴望...

(18)look (for sth/sb) 寻找...

(19)hunt (for sth) 追寻,猎取

(20)search (for sb/sth) 搜寻...

(21)pay (for sth) 为...付款,为...付出代价(22)prepare (for sth) 为...准备

(23)send (for sb)

(24)sign (for sth)

(25)stand (for sth/sb)

(26)strive/struggle(for sth) 为...而

奋斗

(27)study (for sth)

(28)vote (for sb)

(29)wait (for sb/sth)

(30)have an ear/eye( for sth)对...有

鉴赏力

(31)pave the way (for sth) 为...铺

平道路,扫除障碍

二、be+ 形容词+(for+ 名词)

(1)be ambitious (for sth)

对...雄心壮志的

(2)be anxious (for sb/sth)

对...焦虑的,急切的

(3)be appropriate/suitable/fit (for

sb/sth)

对....适合的

(4)be celebrated/famous/noted

(for sth)

因...而著名的

(5)be competent/qualified(for

sth/doing sth)

对...能够胜任的

(6)be desperate (for sth)

急需要...的

(7)be eager/hungry/thirsty (for

sth)渴望...的

(8)be good (for sb/sth)

对...有益

(9)be intended (for sth)

为...而计划的,设计的

(10)be prepared/ready(for sth)

对...准备好的

(11)be responsible (for sth)

对...负责

(12)be sorry (for sb/sth)

对...感到惋惜的

(13)be sufficient (for sb/sth)

对...是足够的

(14)be praised (for sth)

因...而受表扬

(15)be blamed/criticized (for sth)

因...而受责备

(16)be convenient(for sb)

对...是方便的

(17)be possible (for sb)

对...是可能的(18)be grateful (for sth)

对...感激

三、名词+(for+名词)

(1)affection (for sb/sth)

对...的喜爱

(2)appeal (for sth)

对...的呼吁

(3)appetite (for sth)

对...的欲望

(4)candidate (for sth)

...的候选人(5)capacity/capability (for

sth/doing sth) 做...的能力

(6)cause (for sth)

...的原因

四、for+名词

(1)(for the moment/present)

暂时,现在

(2)(for my part) 就我而言

(3)(for pleasure/fun)

为了消遣

(4)(for sale) 出售

(5)(for example / instance)

例如

(6)(for the sake)(of sth)

为了...起见;为了…的利益

(7)(for fear)(of sth) / (for fear) (that+句子) 以免,唯恐

Please take the umbrella (for fear) (of rain).

(8)For one thing,... For another, ...

一方面,... 另一方面,....(用来举例)

20、from

【原始含义】

“从...离开”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)地点或时间上从...起始

to show where or when sth

starts

eg: What is the distance from

Beijing to Shanghai?

He showed great interest in

music from an early age.

(2)区别于...

distinguish between two

people or things

eg: You should learn to tell

right from wrong.

They could not distinguish

one from the other,

(3)免遭,免受... to show that sth is

prevented

eg: He saved the child from

drowning.

Trees protect the city from

sandstorms.

(4)使不做某事,使离开keep sth away

eg: Her mother discourages

her from living outside.

(5)由...原料制成

eg: The coat is made from

nylon.

Flour is made from wheat.

(6)原因,根据the reason for making

a judgment

eg: He is suffering from a

stomachache.

【常见搭配】

一、名词+(from+名词)

(1)absence (from sth)

从...中的缺席

(2)difference (from sth)

与...的不同

(3)independence (from sb/sth)

从...中的独立

(5)recovery (from sth) 从...中的

康复

二、动词+(from+名词)

(1)arise (from sth)

由...产生,引起

(2)benefit (from sth)

获益于...

(3)come (from sth) 出身于...;

由...引起

(4)date (from some time)

始于...时候

(5)die(from sth) 死于...

(6)keep/stop/prevent sb/sth

(from sth/doing sth) 阻止...做

某事

(7)discourage sb (from

sth/doing sth)

使...气馁,劝阻...不做某事

(8)divide A (from B)

把A 和B隔开

(9)escape (from sth)

逃脱,逃离...

(10)graduate (from sth)

毕业于...

(11)grow (from sth)

由...发展而来

(12)hear (from sb)

收到...来信

(13)infer (from sth)

从...推断

(14)judge (from sth)

根据~~来判断

(15)protect/preserve A (from B)

保护A免受B的伤害

(16)keep away (from sb/sth)

远离...

(17)range (from A)(to B)

范围为A~B

(18)result (from sth)

归因于...

(19)recover (from sth)

从..中恢复

(20)release sb (from sth)

将某人从...中释放

(21)separate A (from B)

把A 和B分离开

(22)shelter (from sth)

躲避...

(23)suffer (from sth)

受...折磨

三、be+ 形容词+(from+名词)

(1)be absent (from sth)

缺席...

(2)be different (from sth)

不同于...

(3)be far (from sth)

远非...

(4)be remote (from sth)

距离...遥远

(5)be safe (from sth)

安全,未遭受...

(6)be free (from sth)

不受...的影响

(7)be tired (from sth)

因……而疲劳

四、其他短语

(1)from place to place

处处

(2)from beginning to end

从开始到结束

(3)from time to time

不时地,偶尔地

(4)from the bottom of one’s heart从心底

(5)from now on

从现在起

(6)from bad to worse

越来越糟

21、in

【原始含义】

“在...范围之中”

【引申含义】

prep

(1)在...范围之中(时间、地点)

eg: We sat down in the shade of the trees.

Rome was not built in a day.

(2)在...情绪之中

eg:I am in doubt about it.

They are in great enthusiasm

about the project.

(3)在...状态之中

eg:You have put yourself in

danger.

Their economy was in chaos.

Please put all the books in

order.

(4)穿着...

eg: The police were all in plain

clothes.

I was in a jacket that day.

(5)用...语言

eg: The letters were written in

Chinese.

What’s this in English?

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(in+名词)

(1)add (in sth)

添加,加入...

(2)believe (in sb/sth)

相信,信任...

(3)break (in sb/sth)

插话,打断...

(4)bring (in sth)

赚进,获得...

(5)call (in sb/sth)

召来...; 收回...

(6)delight (in sth/doing sth) 喜欢

做...

(7)end (in sth)

以...结尾

(8)engage (in sth)

参加,从事...

(9)fill (in sth)

填写...; 填满...

(10)get (in sth)

买进,收进...

(11)give (in sth)

上交....

(12)grow (in sth)

在...方面增长

(13)hand (in sth)

提交...

(14)instruct sb (in sth/doing sth)

教授,传授某人..

(15)invest time/money/energy (in

sth)

将时间/金钱/精力投资于某事

(16)lie (in sth)

在于...

(17)lose oneself (in sth/doing sth)埋

头于...

(18)major/specialize (in sth)

主修...;专攻...

(19)participate/take part(in

sth/doing sth) 参加...

(20)persist (in sth/doing sth)

坚持做...

(21)play a part/role (in sth/doing sth)

在...中起作用

(22)put (in sth)

进...,补充进...

(23)put sb/sth (in the shade)

使...相形见绌

(24)put oneself (in sb’s shoes)

设身处地为...想

(25)result (in sth)

导致...

(26)send (in sth)

提交,呈

送...

(27)succeed (in sth/doing sth)

成功做...

(28)take (in sb)

留...住宿

(29)take (in sth)

把...改小;

理解...

二、be+形容词+(in+名词)

(1)be interested(in sth/doing sth)

对...感兴趣

(2)be located (in some place)

坐落于..., 位于...

(3) be included (in sth)

包含在...中

(4) be rooted (in sth)

植根于

(5)be absorbed (in sth/doing sth)

专心投入于...

(6)be abundant (in sth)

在...方面丰富

(7)be dressed (in some color)

穿着某色的衣服

三、in +名词

(1)(in accord)(with sth)

与...一致,和谐

(2)(in addition)(to sth)

除...以外

(3)(in advance)(of sth)

在...之前

(4)(in agreement)( with sb/sth)

同意某人,同意某人的观点. (5)(in total)

加起来,总共

(6)(in answer)(to sth)

作为...的回答

(7)(in an attempt)(to do sth)

试图做...

(8)(in balance)

处于均衡状态(9)(in case)(of sth)/in case (that+句子) 以防,唯恐...

(10)(in chaos)

在混乱状态(11)(in charge)(of sb/sth)

对...负责

(12)(in combination)(with sb/sth)

结合,联合...

(13)(in comfort)

安逸,舒服

(14)(in company) (with sb)

和某人一同

(15)(in comparison)(with sth)

与...比较起来

(16)(in compensation)( for sth)

作为对...的补偿

(17)(in conclusion/summary)

最后,总而言之

(18)(in condition/shape)

状况好

(19)(in confidence)

私下地,私密地(20)(in conflict) (with sb/sth)

与...矛盾,冲突

(21)(in connection) (with sth)

与...有关

(22)(in consequence) (of sth)

因为,由于...

(23)(in consideration) (of sth)

考虑到...

(24)(in control) (of sth)

掌握着,控制...

(25)(in the corner) (of sth)

在...的角落里

(26)(in course) (of sth)

在...过程中

(27)(in curiosity)

好奇地

(28)( in the dark)

无知,不知

(29)(in one’s day)

成功,兴盛

(30)(in debt)

负债

(31)(in defence) (of sth)

防御,保卫...

(32)(in delight)

高兴,满意

(33)(in demand)

非常需要,受欢迎

(34)(in depth)

深入地,彻底地

(35)(in the depth) (of sth)

在...最深处

(36)(in despair)

在绝望中

(37)(in detail)

详细地

(38)(in difficulty)

有困难,有麻烦

(39)(in disorder)

乱七八糟

(40)(in the distance)

在远处

(41)(in essence)

本质上,实质上

(42)(in any event)

不管怎样,无论如何

(43)(in exchange)(for sth)

交换...

(44)(in the face)(of sth)

面临...

(45)(in fact)

事实上

(46)(in fashion)

流行,时髦

(47)(in favor/support) (of sb/sth)支

持...

(48)(in the form) (of sth)

以...的形式,状态

(49)(in front) (of sth)

在...前面

(50)(in the future)

将来

(51)(in general)

通常

(52)(in a manner)

在某种意义上

(53)(in memory) (of sb/sth)

纪念...

(54)(in a minute/moment)

马上,很快...

(55)(in a good/bad mood)

情绪好/坏

(56)(in operation) 工作

中,运转着;起作用,生效

(57)(in the first place)

第一,首先

(58)(in point) (of sth)

就...而言,关于...

(59)(in possession) (of sth)

占有,拥有

(60)(in power)

执政,掌权

(61)(in principle)

原则上,理论上

(62)(in public)

公开地,当众

(63)(in large quantities)

大量

(64)(in rags)

穿着破旧衣服

(65)(in some respects)

在某些方面

(66)(in respect) (of sth)

就...而言

(67)(in response) (to sth)

作为对...的反应

(68)(in return) (for sth)

作为对...的交换

(69)(in ruins)

毁坏,衰败(70)(in the long/short run)

长远看;短期看

(71)(in a rush)

匆忙

(72)(in search) (of sb/sth)

寻找,搜寻...

(73)(in a sense)

在某种意义上

(74)(in short)

简言之

(75)(in high/low spirits)

情绪高/低

(76)(in spite) (of sth)

虽然,尽管...

(77)(in store)

贮藏,准备; 必将发生

(78)(in trouble)

陷入困境

(79)(in turn)

依次

22、inside

【基本含义】prep.

“在...里面(静态)”

eg: I looked into the box, only to find nothing inside it.

It was the first time he had been inside a theatre.

【常见搭配】

inside out: 彻底底,完全地

eg: He turned his drawer inside out for his car key.

23、into

【基本含义】

“进入...的里面(动态)”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)进入,到...里面

eg: It was raining, so they went into

the house.

A look of joy came into his eyes.

(2)表示“变成,成为”

eg: The book has been

translated into many languages.

All the buildings have been

turned into hospitals.

(3)表示“进入某种状态”

eg: I burst into tears.

Many companies went into

bankruptcy.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+sb/sth+(into+名词)

(1) argue sb (into doing sth)劝说

某人做某事

(2) break (into sth)

突然开始...; 打断...; 闯入...

(3) bring sth (into focus) 使...

引起注意

(4) bring sth (into force) 使法

律、法规等生效,执行

(5) burst (into sth)

突然(大哭/大笑/唱歌等)

(6) change/turn (into sth) 变

成...

(7) drive sb (into a corner)将某人逼

得走投无路..

(8) evolve (into sth)

进化成,发展成...

(9) expand (into sth)

扩大成,发展成...

(10) fall (into sth)

陷入...状态

(11) get (into sth)

养成...; 陷入某种状态

(12) go (into sth)

参加,投身于...; 审查...

(13) grow (into sb/sth) 渐渐

成为,变成...

(14) look (into sth)

调查,研究...

(15) pour (into sth)

涌进...

(16) run (into sb/sth)

碰到,遇到...

(17) take sb/sth (into account)

对...加以考虑

(18) temp sb (into sth/doing sth)

诱使...做某事

(19) throw oneself (into

sth/doing sth) 热情地投入...

二、名词+(into+名词)

(1) insight (into sb/sth)

对...的洞察力

(2) investigation/research (into

sth) 对...的调查/研究

24、like

【基本含义】“像”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)跟...一样of the same kind as...

eg: He was like a son to me.

He is lively, more like his

mother.

(2)典型...的,一向是...的typical

of ...

eg: It’s just like you to have

no idea of the value of money.

It’s like him to want to do

something different.

【常见搭配】

(1)look (like sth)

像是...的样子

(2) feel (like sth/doing sth)

想要...

25、of

【基本含义】

“某东西的实质”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)属于belong to

eg: I am a student of New

Oriental School.

I’m an old friend of her

mother.

(2)由...制成的

eg: The desk is made of wood.

The clothes is made of cotton.

(3)表示人或物的性质

eg: They two are of the same height.

English is of great importance.

(4)表示后者修饰前者;A of B: B 修饰A

eg: The 2008 Olympic Games was held in the City of Beijing.

In rushed a giant of French officer.

(5)表示前者修饰后者的;A of B:A修饰B(此时A为数量词)

eg: Millions of people are celebrating the festival.

Four of us found a job after graduation.

(6)表示关系,联系in connection with eg: What you say of him is not fair.

I’m proud of you.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(of+名词)

(1) accuse sb (of sth/doing sth)

指控某人某事

(2) approve (of sb/sth)

喜欢,赞同...

(3) ask sth (of sb)

要求某人某事

(4) assure sb (of sth)

保证某人某事

(5) become (of sb/sth)

发生于...

(6) boast (of sb/sth)

自夸,吹嘘...

(7) catch sight (of sb/sth)

一眼看见,瞥见...

(8) catch/grab/seize/take the hold (of sth)

抓住,得到...

(9) consist (of sth)

由...组成

(10) cure sb (of sth)

治愈某人某疾

(11) die (of sth)

死于

(某种疾病)

(12) expect sth (of sb)

指望,期望某人某事

(13) get rid (of sb/sth)

摆脱掉...

(14) have a high/low opinion (of

sb/sth)对...评价高/低

(15) hear (of sb/sth)

听说过...

(16) inform sb (of sth)

通知/告知某人某事

(17) inquire (of sb)

向...问询,打听

(18) leg go (of sb/sth)

放开,松开...

(19) make (of sb/sth)

理解...

(20) make a fool (of sb)

愚弄...

(21) make fun (of sb/sth)

取笑...

(22) make use (of sth)

利用...

(23) remind sb (of sth)

使某人想起某事

(24) rob sb (of sth)

剥夺了某人某物

(25) speak highly/badly (of sb/sth)

对...评价高/低

(26) suspect sb (of sth)

怀疑某人某事

(27)take account (of sth)

考虑...

(28) take care (of sb/sth)

照看...;处理...

(29)tell (of sb/sth)

讲述...

(30) write (of sb/sth)

写述...

二、a/an+名词+of

(1)an army of workmen/officials/ants

大批工人/官员/成群蚂蚁

(2)a bunch of roses/letters

一束玫瑰/一堆信

(3)a herd of deer/sheep/job seekers

一群鹿/羊/求职者

(4)a mass of snow/color/tourists

大堆雪/大片颜色/大量游客

(5)a(large/considerable) number of

+可数名词

许多...

(6)a piece of advice/news/painting

一个忠告/一则新闻/一幅绘画

(7)a sequence of dance

movements/historical plays

连续的舞蹈动作/一系列历史剧

(8)a series of victories/books

一连串胜利/一系列书籍

(9)a spot of lunch 少量午餐

(10)a string of beads/onions/curses

一串珠子/洋葱/诅咒

(11)a variety of sth=varieties of sth

多种多样的...

a variety of reasons/cloth 多

种原因/多种布料

三、be+形容词+(of+名词)

(1)be ashamed (of sb/sth)

为...感到羞愧

(2)be aware (of sth)

觉察到,意识到...

(3)be capable (of sth/doing sth)

能够干...

(4)be careful (of sb/sth)

当心,警惕...

(5)be certain (of sth)

对...有把握/确信

(6)be characteristic/distinctive (of

sb)是...的特征/特色

(7)be composed (of sb/sth)

由...构成

(8)be confident (of sb/sth)

对...有信心

(9)be conscious (of sth)

意识到...

(10)be critical (of sb/sth)

对...挑剔

(11)be fearful/frightened(of sth)

对...害怕

(12)be full (of sth)

装满...的(13)be glad (of sb/sth)

对...高兴

(14)be guilty (of sth)

犯了...罪

(15)be hopeful (of sth)

对...抱有希望(16)be impatient (of sb/sth)

不能忍受...

(17)be independent (of sb)

不依赖于...

(18)be innocent (of sth)

未犯...罪的,清白的(19)be short (of sth)

缺乏...

(20)be tired (of sb/sth)

对...厌恶

四、其他搭配

(1)ahead of time/schedule

提前

(2)regardless of sth

不管,不顾... (3)scores of sth

很多...

(4)kind of/sort of +adj

有点...

(5)be +of +抽象名词(importance/significance/use)

...是重要的/有意义的/有用的

26、off

【基本含义】

“离开”(表示结果,与原来不一定有联系)

【引申含义】

[prep]

(1)从某物体上分离出来(动态)

eg: Cut small piece off the

bread.

Tom fell off the wall.

(2)表示离某物、某地有一定的距离

(静态)

eg:The old man lives on an

island off the coast.

The house stands off the main

street.

[adv]

(1)表示离开的动作

eg: He ran off to the station.

I went to the airport to see

Caroline off.

(2)表示时空距离

eg: The town is five miles off.

We are still some way off our

destination.

(3)表示“关,停”,离开了原来的

状态

eg: Please turn off the

window before you leave the room.

Turn off the radio! It’s too

noisy.

(4)表示缺席,不工作,离开工作位

eg: I want to take the

afternoon off.

The manager gave the staff

one day off.

【常见搭配】

作介词时:

(off +名词)

(1) (off balance)

不平衡

(2) (off the point)

离题

(3) (off target)

未达到目标

(4) (off the track)

脱轨,离题

(5) (off the trail)

失去踪迹

(6) (off work)

不上班

作副词时:

一、动词+(off+名词)

(1)call (off sth)

取消...

(2)cut (off sth)

切断...

(3)drive (off sb/sth)

击败,击退...

(4)fall (off sth)

从...上摔下

(5)get (off sth)

脱下...;下车/船等

(6)hold (off sth)

推迟...; 抵挡住...

(7)kill (off sth)

杀死,除掉...

(8)laugh (off sth)

对...一笑了之

(9)let (off sth)

点燃,发射...; 释放...

(10)pay(off sth)

还清...

(11)put (off sth)

推迟,延期...

(12)put (off sb)

使...反感; 使...分心

(13)sell (off sth)

廉价出售...

(14)send (off sth)

发出...

(15)set (off sth)

激起,引发...

(16)shake (off sth)

摆脱...; 抖掉...

(17)show (off sb/sth)

炫耀,显示...

(18)shut (off sth)

停止,切断...的供应

(19)sleep (off sth)

以睡眠消除(疲劳)等

(20)switch/turn (off sth)

关闭(电器、电源等)

(21)take (off sth)

脱下(衣帽);拆除...

(22)walk (off sth)

以散步消除...

(23)wipe (off sth)

擦去,抹去...

二、名词+动词+off

(1)sb/sth cool off

...冷静下来/...冷却下(2)sb/sth doze off

...打盹儿

(3)sth dry off

...脱水,变干燥

(4)sb/sth ease off

...放松;...减轻,缓和

(5)sth fall off

...减少;...质量下降(6)sb/sth get off

..出发,动身

(7)sb kick off

...去世

(8)sth pay off

...成功,起作用

(9)sb push off

...出发,离开

(10)sb/sth set off

...开始,出发

(11)sth take off

...起飞;...飞黄腾达

27、on

【基本含义】

“吸附”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)在...上面

eg: Put the book on the desk.

The portrait on the wall is very impressive.

(2)抽象意义上的“在...上面”

eg: On this issue, some countries are under dispute.

My mind is still on my thesis.

(3)在某个特定的时间上

eg: The accident happened on the cold winter morning.

Americans eat turkey on Christmas Day. (4)在...时,常与动名词或表示动作的词

连用

eg: On hearing the news, she

jumped up with joy.

He decided to go with us on

second thoughts.

(5)“根据,按照”according to

eg: Everything is done on

your advice.

He was arrested on a charge of

murder.

(6)某人或某一事物所处状态

eg: I am on a tour to Japan.

The influence of China is

rapidly on the rise.

(7)关于,涉及...about...

eg: a lecture on English

literature

Opinions are divided on this

issue.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(on+名词)

(1)act (on sth)

依据,采

纳...

(2)advise (on sth)

就...提出建议

(3)agree (on sth)

就...达成

一致

(4)attend (on/upon sb)

照料...

(5)avenge oneself (on sb)

为自己向...复仇

(6)base A (on B)

把A建

立在B的基础上

(7)call (on sb)

呼吁..

(8)carry (on sth)

进行(交

谈、谈论等)

(9)come(on/upon sb/sth)

遇见某人;找到某物

(10)comment (on sb/sth)

评论...

(11)compromise (on sth)

在...上妥协

(12)concentrate/focus(on sth)

集中在...; 专心于...

(13)count/reckon/rely

(on/upon sb/sth)

指望...; 依赖...

(14)feed (on sth)

以...

(15)get (on sth)

穿

上...

(16)go (on doing sth)

继续做...

(17)insist (on sth/doing sth)

坚持要干...

(18)lay emphasis/stress (on sth)

强调..

(19)lecture (on sth/sb)

在...方面做演讲;训

斥...

(20)live (on sth)

以...为食;

靠...为生

(21)prey (on sth)

捕食…

(22)pride oneself (on sth) 以...

自豪

(23)put (on sth)

穿上...;

增加...

(24)reflect (on/upon sth)

仔细考虑...

(25)remark (on/upon sth)

评论...

(26)report (on/upon sth)

对...进行报

(27)run (on sth)

涉及,谈

到...

(28)settle (on sth)

选定,决

定...

(29)start (on sth)

开始进行,着手

处置..

(30)switch/turn (on sth)

接通(电源、电器等)

(31)take action (on sth) 对...

采取行动

(32)take (on sth)

呈现...

(33)take revenge (on sb)

向...复仇

(34)throw light (on sth)

阐明...

(35)touch (on sth)

触及,谈到...

(36)try (on sth)

试穿…

(37)vote (on sth)

就...投票表决

(38)work (on sth)

致力于...

二、名词+(on+名词)

(1)attack (on sb/sth)

对...的抨击

(2)comment (on sth)

对...的评论

(3)compliment (on sb/sth)

对...的赞美

(4)congratulations(on sth)

对...的祝贺

(5)impact (on sb/sth)

对...的影响(6)impression (on sb)

给...留下的印象

(7)information (on sth)

关于...的情报/消

(8)policy (on sth)

在...上的方

(9)raid (on sth)

对...的突袭三、on+名词

(1)(on sb’s advice)

按某人的建议

(2)(on the agenda)

在议程表

(3)(on board)

船,登机,上火车

(4)(on campus)

在校园

(5)(on the contrary)

相反

(6)(on the decline/decrease)

在减少

(7)(on the increase/rise)

在增长

(8)(on a diet)

在节

(9)(on display/show)

展览,陈列

(10)(on earth)

究竟

(11)(on fire)

着火

(12)(on guard)

值班,警戒

(13)(on one’s knees)

跪着

(14)(on one’s feet)

站着

(15)(on one’s own)

单独,独自

(16)(on purpose)

故意地

(17)(on strike)

罢工

(18)(on the surface)

表面上

(19)(on second thoughts)

再考虑后

(20)(on top) (of the world)

幸福至极

(21)(on tour)

在巡回(演出/

比赛)中

(22)(on vacation)

在度假

(23)(on the way)

在路上

(24)(on behalf) (of sb/sth)

代表...

(25)(on the brink/edge)(of sth)

濒临...的边缘

28、opposite

【基本含义】

“op-po”对立,在对面

【引申含义】

[prep]

(1)在...对面,相对的

eg: The bus stopped just

opposite the post office.

The book store lies opposite

our neighborhood.

(2)opposite 有时亦作opposite to

eg: He sat down opposite to her.

[adj]

(1)对面的

eg: The garden was on the

opposite side of the street.

(2)相反的

eg: It will produce opposite effect.

She went away in the opposite

direction.

【常见搭配】

quite the opposite “恰恰相反”

eg: Quite the opposite, she

didn’t live up to her parents’

expectation.

29、out

【基本含义】

“出”

out一般只有和of搭配时才能当介词

(out of),单独使用时一般是副词:

【引申含义】

(1)从...出发,从...出来from inside

eg: He ran out of the house.

He could not get this out of his

mind.

(3)out of表示没有,缺少lacking sth

eg: We are out of petrol.

I’ve been out of touch with them for a great many years.

(4)用...制作的be made from...

eg: Flour is made out of wheat.

It seems that the table is made out of ivory.

(5)因为,由于because of

eg: I came out of interest.

Out of curiosity, I asked him about the exam.

【常见搭配】

作介词时:

一、动词+out of +名词

(1)argue sb (out of sth/doing sth)劝说某人不做某事...

(2) come (out of sth)

从...中离开

(3) draw (out of sth)

拔出,取出...

(4) get (out of sth)

避免,逃避...

(5) go (out of sth)

消失,减弱...

(6) keep (out of sth)

与...隔开

(7) look (out of sth)

从...向外看

(8) run (out of sth)

用完,耗尽...

(9) sell (out of sth)

卖完...

(10) slip (out of sth)

溜出...

(11) throw (out of sb)

开除,解雇...

二、out of +名词

(1) (out of breath)

上气不接下气

(2) (out of danger)

脱险

(3) (out of fashion/date )

落伍,过时

(4) (out of shape)

变形,身体不好

(5) (out of order)

顺序乱了

(6) (out of place)

不和谐

(7) (out of one’s mind)

发疯

(8) (out of reach)

不可企及,无法得到

(9) (out of use)

不再使用

(10) (out of work)

失业

(11) (out of the question)

不可能

(12) (out of control)

失控

(13) (out of temper)

发脾气

作副词时:

一、动词+(out+名词)

(1) bring (out sth)

生产,出版...

(2) burn (out sth)

烧毁...

(3) clear (out sth)

把...腾空,清除

(4) cut (out sth)

删去,略去...

(5) dig (out sth)

挖出...; 搜索...

(6) find (out sth)

查明...; 寻找...

(7) make (out sth)

辨认出...

(8) pack (out sth)

挤满...

(9) pick (out sth)

挑选...

(10) point (out sth)

指出...

(11) pour (out sth)

倒出...

(12) put (out sth)

扑灭...;分发..

(13) leak (out sth)

泄露...

(14) leave (out sth)

省去...; 漏掉...

(15) set (out sth)

安排...

(16) sort (out sth)

清理,分类...

(17) spell (out sth)

拼出...

(18) spread (out sth)

伸展...

(19) think (out sth)

仔细考虑,想出...

(20) figure (out sth)

算出,想出...

(21) try (out sth)

(22) weigh (out sth)

称出,量出...

(23) work (out sth)

算出...

(24) wear (out sth)

穿破,磨损...

(25) give (out sth)

散发,分发...

(26) turn out to be sth/ that 从句

结果是,原来是...

二、名词+动词+out

(1) sth come out

...出现,显示

(2) sb drop out

...辍学

(3) sth dry out

...晾干

(4) sth get out

...泄露

(5) sth give out

...用完,耗尽

(6) sb/sth go out

...出去; ...公布

(7) sb/sth hold out

...维持,坚持

(8) sb set out

...动身,启

(9) look out

当心,留

(10) sb/sth stand out/stick out

...突出

30、outside

【基本含义】

out+side“在外边”

【引申含义】

(1)外部的

eg: Outside the window lies a bridge.

He left his car outside the gate.

(2)除了“except”

eg: No one knows it outside the members of my own family.

No one was against the idea outside a few people.

【常见搭配】

stand outside超出...的范围

eg: The question stands outside the scope of the development plan.

I can’t speak about this question as it stands outside my field of interest.

31、over

【原始含义】

“盖在...上面”

【引申含义】

prep.

(1)在...上面①有接触的②无接触的

① eg: I put a cloth over the table.

Through the veil over her face,

I saw the gentle light of her eyes.

② eg: I saw a bridge over the river.

The red flags are fluttering over the main building.

(2)对...的控制,在...之上

eg: The king reigns over a great empire.

He has no control of his emotions.

(3)涵盖,遍及...

eg: Shakespeare is famous all over the world.

It’s raining over the north

of China.

(4)跨越具体某物或抽象的障碍、

困难等to overcome

eg: He heard a strange sound

from over the wall.

He got over most

difficulties in learning English

(5)在...问题上,与on 用法相似,

over 更具反复性

eg: Don’t quarrel over your

money again.

It’s no use crying over split

milk.

They had a good laugh over

their mistake.

(6)数量上高于,超过...

eg: She is over sixty.

The population of China is

over 1.3 billion.

(7)over+一段时间,表示覆盖、

包含整个时间段

eg: Great changes have taken

place in my hometown over the past

five years.

You have made great progress

over the last few weeks.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+(over +名词)

(1) turn (over sth)

仔细考虑...

(2) go(over sth)

审阅,检查,研

究 ...

(3) get (over sth)

克服 ...

(4) take (over sth)

接管,接替 ...

(5) think (over sth)

仔细考虑 ...

(6) look(over sth)

翻阅,检查...

(7) watch (over sth)

看守,照看 ...

(8) run (over sth )

在…上驶过;

浏览...

(9) do (over sth)

清理...重

新装饰...

(10) carry (over sth)

使...继续,延续下去

(11) check (over sb/sth)

检查...

(12) dominate (over sb/sth)

在...中处于支配地位

(13) hold (over sth)

延缓,推迟...

(14) lead (over sb/sth)

领先于...

(15) look (over sth )

检查,察看

(16) rule (over sb/sth)

统治,管理...

(17) step (over sth)

迈过,跨过...

(18) win (over sb)

说服...

(19) have/gain/get an

advantage (over sb/sth)

比...有优势

(20) have power (over sb/sth)

控制,支配...

二、名词+(over+名词)

(1) authority (over sb)

对...的支配权

(2) control (over sb/sth)

对...的控制

(3) advantage(over sb/sth)

比...的优势

(4) controversy(over sb/sth)

对...的争论

(5)outlook (over sth)

...的景色

(6) influence (over sb/sth)

对...的约束力,控制力

(7) victory (over sb/sth)

胜过...

32、past

【原始含义】

“超过”

【引申含义】

prep

(1)经过up to then beyond

eg: I drove past your house yesterday.

(2)时间或年龄上超过further than a particular point or stage

eg: It is a quarter past nine.

(3)无法..., 超出了...范围beyond sth

eg: It’s past understanding that he goes out without saying a word.

【常见搭配】

一、动词+past+名词

(1) walk ( past sth)

走过, 经过 ...

(2) see ( past sth)

看穿...

(3) look (past sth)

忽略...,不予追究...

二、其它搭配

(1) in the past在过去

(2) past compare

无与伦比,举世无双

(3) past dispute

无可争辩

(4) past caring

不在乎

33、regarding

【原始含义】

“有意识地相关”in connection with sth

eg: He wants to talk with me regarding his future.

【常见搭配】

(1) information (regarding sth) 关于...的信息

(2) problems ( regarding sth) 关于...的问题

(3) regulations (regarding

sth) 关于...的规定

(4) instructions

( regarding sth) 关于...的指示

34、since

【原始含义】

“自从”“强调时间先后”from a

time in the past until a later time, or

until now

eg: He has not written to his

parents since last Christmas.

I have been in Beijing since

2010.

I have been here since then.

35、through

【原始含义】

“穿过,穿越”

【引申含义】

prep

(1)通过、穿过

from one end or side of sth /sb

to the other

eg: He walked through the

door.

(2)贯穿一段时间from the

beginning to the end

eg: It keeps raining through

April.

(3)经历,经受(困难,考验)past

a barrier, test

eg: He has gone through the

whole event.

(4)通过某种途径by means of

eg: The American people won

their freedom through struggle.

(5)由于..., 因...关系as a

result of

eg: The accident happened

through his carelessness.

adv

(1)从一端到另一端,通过

from one side to the other

Eg: The flood was too deep

to drive throuth.

(2)自始至终from

beginning to the end

Eg: Don’t tell me how the

story ends---I haven’t read it all

the way through yet.

(3)接通connected by

telephone

Eg: I tried to call you, but

couldn’t get through.

【常见搭配】

作介词时:

一.动词+(through+名词)

(1) break (through sth)

突围,突破...

(2) come (through sth) 从...

中脱险

(3) cut (through sth)

穿过,穿透...; 冲破,克服...

(4) drag (through sth)

缓慢穿越,慢慢通过(某障碍)

(5) drive ( through sth)

驱车穿越...

(6) drop ( through sth)

没能完成...

(7) get ( through sth/sb)

通过..., 完成...;电话联系上某

人,使某人理解

(8)go ( through sth)

通过...;搜查...;复习...

(9)put ( through sth) 完

成,执行...; 通过...

(10) live ( through sth) 度

过,经受住...

(11) look ( through sth) 浏

览...;详尽检查...

(12) see ( through sth) 看

穿,识破

(13) pull sb through

使...克服困难; 度过危机

(14) bring sb (through sth) 使某

人脱离...

(15) carry (through sth)

实现..., 坚持下去...

(16) check (through sth)

查看,校阅...

(17) follow( through sth) 将...

贯彻到底

常用介词的用法

分考点1 表示时间的介词 Point 1 at, in, on 的用法 (1)at 的用法 At 表示时间点,用于具体的时刻(几点,正午,午夜,黎明,拂晓,日出,日落等),或把某一时间看作某一时刻的词之前以及某些节假日的词之前。 at 6:00 在6点钟 At noon 在中午 At daybreak 在拂晓 At down 在黎明 At Christmas 在圣诞节 【特别注意】在以下的时间短语中,at 表示时间段。 At dinner time 在(吃)晚饭时 At weekends/ the weekend 在周末 (2)in 的用法 ①表示时间段,与表示较长一段时间的词搭配,如年份,月份,季节,世纪,朝代,还可以用于泛指的上午、下午、傍晚等时间段的词前。 In 2009 在2009年 In April 在四月 In the 1990s 在20世纪90年代 In Tang Dynasty 在唐朝 In the morning在上午 ②后接时间段,用于将来时,表示“在一段时间之后”。 The film will begin in an hour. 电影将于一个小时之后开始。 【特别注意】当时间名词前有this,that,last,next,every,each,some等词修饰时,通常不用任何介词。 This morning 今天上午last year 去年 (3)on 的用法 ①表示在特定的日子、具体的日期、星期几、具体的某一天或某些日子。 On September the first 在9月1号 On National Day 在国庆节 We left the dock on a beautiful afternoon. 我们在一个明媚的下午离开了码头。 ②表示在具体的某一天的上午、下午或晚上(常有前置定语或后置定语修饰)。 On Sunday morning 在星期日的早上 On the night of October 1 在10月1号的晚上 【特别注意】“on +名词或动名词”表示“一...就...”. On my arrival home/ arriving home, I discovered they had gone. 我一到家就发现他们已经离开了。 Point 2 in,after 的用法 In 和after都可以接时间段,表示“在...之后”,但in 常与将来时连用,after 常与过去时连用。 We will meet again in two weeks.

英语介词的分类及用法

介词的分类和应用英语介词虽是小词,数量也不多,但它灵活多变,随处可见,功能强大而且难于掌握。在现代英语中,介词的地位非常重要。我们切不可小看这个小角色,不可忽视它的作用。如果你能在英语介词上下一番功夫,那么你的英语水平会有一个飞跃提高。 英语介词分类:按结构英语介词可分为3类: 1.简单介词(约有70个),如:in,at,on,by,with,down,for,beside,along,across等。 2.分词介词(约15个)如:during,following,considering,regarding,speaking,judging,talking等。 3.成语介词(约有500个)如:out of,apart from(除之外:别无、尚有),because of,by means of用、依靠等。 按意义英语介词可分为3类: 1. 时间介词,如:at, on, in, during, over, from, for, until等。 2. 地点介词,如:at, on, in, across, to, over, between, inside, outside等。 3. 其它介词,如:by, with, about, except, instead of, due to, apart from等。 介词-- 从不独立行动的精灵 英语介词不可单独使用,只能与不同的此类构成介词短语来在句子中担当一个成分。常用的五种介词短语 1.介词+名词:at the door, into the bag 2.介词+代词: for me, of others 3.介词+动名词: in doing so, to my saying that 4.介词+连接副词/连接代词/what从句:over what he had better do 5.介词+连接副词/连接代词+不定式:on how to do this 其他类型的介词短语 6.介词+介词短语:from across the street, until after dinner 7.介词+副词:from below 8.介词+复合结构:with the light on 9.介词+不定式(but/except):…did nothing but sleep介词-- 连接词与词纽带 英语经常用介词来表示词与词之间的关系 1. 时间 1)at表示在某一时间点: at 3 o’clock 2)in表示在某一时间段内的某一或某些点:in 2004 in表示在某段时间的结束点:I’ll see you again in a week. 3) during表示某一时间段内自始至终:during the first period 4) on表示在某一day/date或其中的某一段:on Monday, on Sunday morning 5) by表示不迟于某个时间:by now 2. 地点 1)at表示在某处(而非它处):at school 2) in表示在内部或某个范围内:in the office 3) on表示在上面与某平面接触:on the table 4) outside表示在某个范围之外:outside world 5) under表示在比某个位置低的地方或在某表面之下:under a chair 6) by表示靠近或接近:by the window

介词in,on.at,for.with,by,of的基本用法

介词用法知多少 介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一。同一个汉语词汇在英语中可译成不同的英语介词。例如汉语中的“用”可译成:(1)用英语(in English);(2)用小刀(with a knife);(3)用手工(by hand);(4)用墨水(in ink)等。所以,千万不要以为记住介词的一两种意思就掌握了这个介词的用法,其实介词的用法非常广泛,搭配能力很强,越是常用的介词,其含义越多。下面就简单介绍几组近义介词的用法及其搭配方法。 一. in, to, on和off在方位名词前的区别 1. in表示A地在B地范围之内。如: Taiwan is in the southeast of China. 2. to表示A地在B地范围之外,即二者之间有距离间隔。如: Japan lies to the east of China. 3. on表示A地与B地接壤、毗邻。如: North Korea is on the east of China. 4. off表示“离……一些距离或离……不远的海上”。如: They arrived at a house off the main road. New Zealand lies off the eastern coast of Australia. 二. at, in, on, by和through在表示时间上的区别 1. at指时间表示: (1)时间的一点、时刻等。如: They came home at sunrise (at noon, at midnight, at ten o’clock, at daybreak, at dawn). (2)较短暂的一段时间。可指某个节日或被认为是一年中标志大事的日子。如: He went home at Christmas (at New Year, at the Spring Festival, at night). 2. in指时间表示: (1)在某个较长的时间(如世纪、朝代、年、月、季节以及泛指的上午、下午或傍晚等)内。如: in 2004, in March, in spring, in the morning, in the evening, etc (2)在一段时间之后。一般情况下,用于将来时,谓语动词为瞬间动词,意为“在……以后”。如: He will arrive in two hours. 谓语动词为延续性动词时,in意为“在……以内”。如: These products will be produced in a month. 注意:after用于将来时间也指一段时间之后,但其后的时间是“一点”,而不是“一段”。如: He will arrive after two o’clock. 3. on指时间表示: (1)具体的时日和一个特定的时间,如某日、某节日、星期几等。如: On Christmas Day(On May 4th), there will be a celebration. (2)在某个特定的早晨、下午或晚上。如: He arrived at 10 o’clock on the night of the 5th. (3)准时,按时。如: If the train should be on time, I should reach home before dark. 4. by指时间表示: (1)不迟于,在(某时)前。如:

英语介词用法大全

英语介词用法大全 TTA standardization office【TTA 5AB- TTAK 08- TTA 2C】

介词(The Preposition)又叫做前置词,通常置于名词之前。它是一种虚词,不需要重读,在句中不单独作任何句子成分,只表示其后的名词或相当于名词的词语与其他句子成分的关系。中国学生在使用英语进行书面或口头表达时,往往会出现遗漏介词或误用介词的错误,因此各类考试语法的结构部分均有这方面的测试内容。 1. 介词的种类 英语中最常用的介词,按照不同的分类标准可分为以下几类: (1). 简单介词、复合介词和短语介词 ①.简单介词是指单一介词。如: at , in ,of ,by , about , for, from , except , since, near, with 等。②. 复合介词是指由两个简单介词组成的介词。如: Inside, outside , onto, into , throughout, without , as to as for , unpon, except for 等。 ③. 短语介词是指由短语构成的介词。如: In front of , by means o f, on behalf of, in spite of , by way of , in favor of , in regard to 等。 (2). 按词义分类 {1} 表地点(包括动向)的介词。如: About ,above, across, after, along , among, around , at, before, behind, below, beneath, beside, between , beyond ,by, down, from, in, into , near, off, on, over, through, throught, to, towards,, under, up, unpon, with, within , without 等。 {2} 表时间的介词。如: About, after, around , as , at, before , behind , between , by, during, for, from, in, into, of, on, over, past, since, through, throughout, till(until) , to, towards , within 等。 {3} 表除去的介词。如: beside , but, except等。 {4} 表比较的介词。如: As, like, above, over等。 {5} 表反对的介词。如: againt ,with 等。 {6} 表原因、目的的介词。如: for, with, from 等。 {7} 表结果的介词。如: to, with , without 等。 {8} 表手段、方式的介词。如: by, in ,with 等。 {9} 表所属的介词。如: of , with 等。 {10} 表条件的介词。如:

英语介词用法详解

英语常用介词用法与辨析 ■表示方位的介词:in, to, on 1. in 表示在某地范围之内。如: Shanghai is/lies in the east of China. 上海在中国的东部。 2. to 表示在某地范围之外。如: Japan is/lies to the east of China. 日本位于中国的东面。 3. on 表示与某地相邻或接壤。如: Mongolia is/lies on the north of China. 蒙古国位于中国北边。 ■表示计量的介词:at, for, by 1. at表示“以……速度”“以……价格”。如: It flies at about 900 kilometers a hour. 它以每小时900公里的速度飞行。 I sold my car at a high price. 我以高价出售了我的汽车。 2. for表示“用……交换,以……为代价”。如: He sold his car for 500 dollars. 他以五百元把车卖了。 注意:at表示单价(price) ,for表示总钱数。 3. by表示“以……计”,后跟度量单位。如: They paid him by the month. 他们按月给他计酬。 Here eggs are sold by weight. 在这里鸡蛋是按重量卖的。 ■表示材料的介词:of, from, in 1. of成品仍可看出原料。如: This box is made of paper. 这个盒子是纸做的。 2. from成品已看不出原料。如: Wine is made from grapes. 葡萄酒是葡萄酿成的。 3. in表示用某种材料或语言。如: Please fill in the form in pencil first. 请先用铅笔填写这个表格。 They talk in English. 他们用英语交谈(from 。 注意:in指用材料,不用冠词;而with指用工具,要用冠词。请比较:draw in penc il/draw with a pencil。 ■表示工具或手段的介词:by, with, on 1. by用某种方式,多用于交通。如by bus乘公共汽车,by e-mail. 通过电子邮件。

高中英语45个介词的基本用法

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AT The ball is at the edge of the table. WITH The black brick is with the ball. FROM The ball is going from the hand. AGAINST The black brick is against the white b rick. TO The ball is going to the hand. ACROSS The black rod is across the white rod. AFTER3is after2. AMONG The ball is among the bricks. BEFORE1is before2. ABOUT The bricks are about the ball. THROUGH The rod is through the board. DOWN The ball is down. BETWEEN The ball is between the bricks. UP The ball is up. UNDER The ball is under the arch. ON The ball is on the table. OVER The arch is over the ball. OFF The ball is off the table. BY The ball is by the arch. IN The ball is in the bucket. OUT The ball is out of the basket.

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