21 世纪大学英语读写教程（第四册）课后答案
TEXT A
II
1.He defines greatness as the lasting contribution which a person makes or has made to human civilization.
2.The example of Churchill shows the importance of persistence and dedication in achieving greatness.
3.Firstborns and only children tend to make good leaders in times of crisis, but middle- born children are better peacetime leaders.
4.A 20th century politician should be an effective public speaker and a social person.
5.Intelligence seems to be less important than other factors, such as the ability to communicate effectively.
6.The ability to overcome traditional ways of thinking is also crucial.
7.They simply don’t devote the amount of time required.
8.The study showed that enjoying one ’ s work is the best form of motivation.
2
IV
1.chat
2.acknowledge
3.motivated
4.charcteristic
5.despite
6.influential
7.cited
8.obstacle
9.intrinsic 10.criteria 11.obsession 12.innate
13.contribution(s) 14.contemporary 15.submitted 16.morale
V
1.left behind
2.rise
3.made history
4.were endowed
with
5.put up with
6.going nowhere
7.ifocuses on
8.be built on
9.put in https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,e up with 11.take charge 12.set...apart
VI
efficiency emergency fluency frequency
proficiency tendency urgency sufficiency
1.fluency
2.proficiency
3.emergency
4.Efficiency
5.tendency
6.frequency
3
VII
1.For some students, it's not that they don't put in enough time — it's that they don't have good study habits.
2.Children perform differently at school. It's not that they have different
IQs — it's that they are brought up in different environments.
3.The company is not very productive. It's not that its staff aren't talented — it's that their energy hasn't been channeled effectively.
4.I'm really sorry. It's not that I don't want to go to the cinema with you
— it's that I have to finish my paper tonight.
5.You have a stomachache. It's not that the food was bad — it's probably that you have too much stress from your work.
VIII
1.President Wilson didn't try to bring the US back to economic and political isolation. Instead, he believed in international cooperation through an association of nations.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,puters don't teach students in groups. Instead, they can help them learn effectively according to their 4
different needs.
3.We shouldn't focus on minor points. Instead, we should try to solve the problem of the greatest urgency at present.
4.He dosen't get anybody else to help him. Instead, he likes to attend to
everything himself.
5.Teaching success shouldn't be measured by the scores the students receive on tests. Instead, it should be measured by whether the students
have internalized the ability and desire to learn.
IX
BCBAD DCABA DABCA
X
西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断地追求成功的动力。“人们往往认为他们天生具有一些超常非凡的东西，”他解释
道。“但研究结果表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。”他举出二战时期的英国首相温斯顿?丘吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。丘吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色地领导了英国人民。在1940 年盟军敦刻尔克大撤退之后的一次演讲中，他的话激励了全国人民，“我们绝不会衰退、失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。”
5
XI
1.Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.
2.His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.
3.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere. The same can be said of other
subjects.
4.Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.
5.After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.
6.Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.
6
7.Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides
one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.
8.This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she
can really teach them something. It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.
第二单元
TEXT A
II
1.He got no thanks for returning a wallet, though he deserved to.
2.He wants to show how much people need gratitude to keep up a
spirit of kindness and cooperation.
3.She saved up for two years, went to Normandy in person, and gave
her son's gold wristwatch to the woman.
4.He send a short recording expressing his appreciation of the author's
thoughtfulness and sent it to the author.
7
5.A patient whose life was saved by a blood transfusion came back again and again to donate his blood anonymously so that more patients could be saved.
6.He does it by citing W.H. Hudson's gratitude for his wife's day-to-day heroism.
7.Those people who do little things for us all year round.
8.It can make people take infinite pains with their work.
9.Gratitude is needed all the time and none of us can give too much of it.
III
1.intention
2.sincere
3.glaring
4.sore
5.trace
6.render 4.denial 5.proof
9.tribute 7.conventional 11.generous 12.gratitude
13.slammed 14.agreeable
IV
1.caught/took my fancy
2.a mistake on John's part
3.take for granted
4.think twice
8
5.saved up
6.referred to
7.boast about 8.took pains with
9.refrain from 10.something of
11.in one way or another 12.fed up
V
1.altitude
2.aptitude
3.attitude
4.longitude
5.fortitude
6.mulitiude
https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,titude
8.solitude
VI
1.coordination
2.coexist
3.co-workers
4.co-owners
5.co-authored
6.Cooperation
7.Coeducation
8.copilot
VII
1.no sacrifice for the education of the young was too great
2.No price is too high to pay in order to save their lives
3.cannot be too careful in performing an experiment
9
4.They cannot praise him too much
5.can not be overemphasized
6.cannot be overestimated
VIII
BACDD BABCD BADCA
IX
一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。我的一个病人在出院几个星期后回到医院感谢他的护士。“我没有更早地回来，”他解释说，“是因为我
猜想你们对于人们的感激一定厌烦得要命。”“ 正好相反，”她回答说，“我很高兴
你来。很少有人意识到我们多么需要鼓励，我们从那些鼓励我们的人身上获得了多大的帮助。”我们所给予的感激永远不会过多。因为我们身边的人在构筑他们的人生哲学时所依据的正是这些微笑、我们所表示的感谢和我们表示欣赏的各种小小的示意动作。
X
1.He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.
10
2.John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.
3.He is something of a stamp collector. The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.
4.The beauty of these roses could not be overstated. They took/caught all the visitors fancy in one way or another.
5.At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in
this area. Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him to think twice before he made the final decision.
6.Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.
7.The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.
8.Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door
and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.
11
第三单元
TEXT A
II
1.He changed his perspective and observed people who did not have smallpox.
2.He wants to give a good example of lateral thinking.
3.He compares the human brain to a computer and the change of one's point of view to the reprogramming of the computer.
4.It is to fight it.
5.He calls it vertical thinking.
6.He used the technique of lateral thinking.
7.The key is to make a shift in emphasis instead of fighting the problem head-on.
8.They should change their point of view and regard themselves as their body's keeper.
9.Very often lateral thinking yields much better results than vertical thinking.
10.It is approaching the target from a sideways point of view instead of 12
approaching it directly.
III
1.tactic
2.utmost
3.structure
4.slack
5.significance
6.head-on
7.dead end
8.erased
9.framework
10.vertical;vertical
11.ceased 12.flaw 13.implies 14.affirmed
IV
1.wound up being 3.take in 5.take over
2.pulling on 4.in effect 6.ended up teaching
V
1.approach
2.fought
3.cure
4.pressured
5.focus
6.approach
7.program
8.experienced
9.switch 10.escape 11.fail 12.escaped
13
VI
assistant accountant servant dependant attendant
contestant defendant consultant inhabitant occupant
1.attendant
2.servant
3.consultans
4.contestant
5.accountant
6.occupants
7.assistant
8.inhabitants
9.dependants 10.defendant
VII
1.of use
2.of great importance
3.of great/critical/extreme significance
4.of little value
5.of marked benefit
6.of invaluable help
14
VIII
1. should have told me at once
2.
2.should have told me beforehand
3.
3.should have left the company long ago
4. never should have happened
5. should have left thirty minutes ago
6. should have phoned
IX
CDBDA BBDBB CABDC
X
一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。“进展越困难，硬汉子越向前”这句话便代表了这种解决问题的积极进取的态度。不管是什么问题，不管可以用来解决问题的方法是什么，我们西方人的思维方式所产生的框架总是搏斗。德·博诺医生称之为纵向思维；即那种传统的、按顺序的、亚里士多德式的逻辑思维，坚定地从一步移到下一步，就像玩具积木一块搭在另一块之上。当然，它的缺陷是，如果在任何时刻其中一步没有达到，或者一块积木没有放对，那么整个结构就会15
坍塌。事情就会陷入僵局，沮丧、紧张和搏斗的情绪就会笼罩心头。横向思维，德·博诺医生说，是对事物进行思考的一种新方法——一种完全避免这种拼搏，用一种完全出人意料的方式解决问题的方法。
XI
1.Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,teral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had
seemed to reach a dead end.
3.The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government. Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.
4.While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.
5.Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.
6.Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on. If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency 16
room of a hospital.
7.There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting. Why don't you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?
8.John should have given up smoking a long time ago. After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.
第四单元
TEXT A
II
1.The IQs among the students were within the normal range.
17
2.The study showed that a teacher's positive view and high expectations of students convinces them that they are gifted and enables them to do better than average work.
3.She did not see this as evidence that the student was not bright or capable, but rather viewed it as one day 抯poor performance, an exception to a normally good pattern of work.
4.It is hard to describe exactly, but her tone was assured and she did not
express any negative qualities such as irony, putdowns and/or irritation.
5.This shows that positive expectation can be effective even on mice, who do not, of course, understand human language.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,beling means thinking of people in terms of the general prejudices which we have about their nationality, their race, or their gender, rather than thinking of them as individuals.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,bels define a broad, heterogenerous group too specifically. They are usually prejudicial, non-inclusive, and often racist or sexist.
8.This example shows how labeling can create a sense of guilt in a person who does not do what is expected, even when he follows his talents and is quite successful.
IV
18
1.breed
2.accordingly
3.racial
4.homogeneous
5.inclusive
6.welfare
7.deceiving
8.irritation
9.variables 10.uncover 11.irony 12.verbal
13.readily 14.indifference 15.certainty;certainty 16.superior
V
1.in terms of
2.due to
3.measures/lives up to
4.as often
as not
5.consisted of
6.go through with
7.in reality
8.in part
VI
1.unfolded
2.unpacked
3.undo
4.unbend
5.unfastende
6.unload
7.undressing
8.unlocked
VII
19
1.transmit
2.transforming;transferring
3.transcribed
4.transplanting
5.transfer
6.transparent
VIII
1.AS the example in the text makes clear
2.As i mentioned earlier / As(was) mentioned earlier
3.As is known all
4.as (is) agreed on in the contract
5.as had been originally planned
IX
1.They would rather overwork themselves to make life better for our sake than spend their hard-earned money on themselves
2.would rather read a best-seller than chat with others
3.would rather confine yourself in the library than go out to meet and talk with local people
4.would rather give up my short-term interest than let it slip away
5.would rather not tell our parents what 抯in our minds than sit down 20
and communicate with them like friends
X
BDADB ACADA BBACB
XI
某个学生的成绩达不到老师的期望是常有的事。当这种情况发生时，那个学生面对的不是失望、愤怒或恼怒。相反，老师认为这是一次例外，一件偶然的事情，倒霉的一天，一次暂时的失误——而学生相信了她，并消除了疑虑。下一次，他更加努力了，决心做到老师知道他能做到的事。很难精确地确定老师传达的信息：“我期待着最好的成绩，”中到底是哪一部分告诉了孩子。它的一部分包括显
示信心的平和语调，言语上的耐心，及没有讽刺、贬低和恼怒等消极因素。期待着最好成绩的老师满怀信心地提问，因为她知道她得到的答案将是正确的，而孩子也感受到了那种信心。
XII
1.Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of
21
students' exam results and treating them accordingly. Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.
2.As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours. This is
due to teachers' busy academic research, rather than their indifference to the students.
3.This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level. But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.
4.Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students' racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.
5.The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative. Obviously this label is prejudiced. In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics. The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident.
6.Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence. They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.
7.Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly 22
and mustn 抰deceive him or talk about his setbacks with
irony(ironically).
8.The neighbors' irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made. However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.
练习翻译
UNIT1
1.Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do.Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important.
2.His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.
3.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere.
4.The same can be said of other subjects.Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose 23
above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.
5.After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking differences between him and his predecessor. He had the drive and passion, came up with many new ideas, and focused his work on how to raise our morale.
6.Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China's reform and opening-up policy. Despite tremendous obstacles, he made lasting contributions to our country's modernization with his unrelenting efforts.
7.Why could someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides
one's IQ, many other factors have much to do with one's achievements.
8.This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students so she
can really teach them something. It's not that she is talented, it's that she focuses completely or drawing their full attention in class.
UNIT2
1.He glared at John and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate.
2.John's sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty.
3.He is something of a stamp collector. The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it.
24
4.The beauty of these roses could not be overstated. They took/caught all the visitors fancy in one way or another.
5.At first he took it for granted that they should build more highways in
this area. Then a careful calculation of the expenditure compelled him
to think twice before he made the final decision.
6.Each time he receives a gift from me, no matter how small, my friend Bill never fails to acknowledge it.
7.The journalist has decided to trace the young man referred to in the old couple's letter, which is a tribute to the young man's effort at improving their living conditions.
8.Though he was fed up with the salesmen who knocked at his door
and boasted about their products every day, he refrained from slamming the door in their face.
UNIT3
1.Tom was hung up on the problem but could do nothing about it until he learnt to solve it with different tactics.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/231027456.html,teral thinking has helped him to advance his new theory which had seemed to reach a dead end.
3.The framework of our latest construction plan has been affirmed by the local government. Whether it will be carried out on time is of the utmost significance to the development of this coastal city.
25
4.While trying to find a solution to the problem, Edward reached an impasse in his thinking, but later he changed his point of view and solved the problem in an entirely unexpected fashion.
5.Many people believe that computer labs will eventually take over from the libraries and students who want to take in new knowledge will end up learning everything in the computer lab.
6.Yesterday his car crashed into a truck almost head-on. If he does not stop driving so carelessly, I am sure he will wind up in the emergency room of a hospital.
7.There is a flaw in the structural design of the painting. Why don't you erase the vertical lines and simplify it a little bit?
8.John should have given up smoking a long time ago. After all, health is of the utmost importance to everybody.
UNIT4
1.Schools should avoid deciding who is superior only in terms of students' exam results and treating them accordingly.Instead, a good educational system should enable every student to measure up to good standards as well-rounded people.
2.As often as not, when college students have questions after class, their teachers are not readily available except during office hours. This is
due to teachers' busy academic research, rather than their indifference 26
to the students.
3.This class consists of forty students, most of whom used to be labeled average in terms of English level. But as this teacher has never shown any verbal impatience, the students have reacted positively to his teaching methods and lived up to his expectations.
4.Teaching is becoming increasingly demanding in the United States, due in part to the diversity of students' racial background and the complexity of educational technologies that require additional training.
5.The English are, as often as not, labeled conservative. Obviously this label is prejudiced. In reality, Britain is not very different from other European countries in terms of national characteristics.
6.The British are polite, neat, orderly and confident. Some young people grow up with a strong desire for independence. They would rather try hard to go through life on their own than turn to their parents for help with a sense of guilt.
7.Your friend treats you sincerely, so you should respond accordingly and mustn 抰deceive him or talk about his setbacks with
irony(ironically).
8.The neighbors' irritation/annoyance was due to the noise they made. However, because of reassurances that they would stop working at night, they went through with the decoration of this apartment.
27
UNIT5
1.As you can imagine, reading has opened a new world to me and changed forever the course of my life.
2.He had demonstrated an unusually intense interest in books since childhood. So fascinated with books was he that he never let a day pass without doing some reading.
3.Every time he takes the subway to and from work, he has with him a book that he wants to read. That is the way he has read nearly a hundred books in the past three years.
4.When he was in high school, he used to read deep/far into the night in his own room. Each time he heard the approaching footsteps of his mother, he would turn off the light and feigned sleep. But as soon as his mother passed, he would turn on the light and begin reading again.
5.There is hardly anything about China he's not curious about. And to satisfy his curiosity he has decided to go there in person to see as much as he can.
6.I don't know/ I have little/no idea what made your son envy that pop singer and try to emulate him in everything. You might as well ask him in person.
7.As soon as he checked out the book from the library, he thumbed through its pages by the corridor light.
8.I don't think anybody ever learned more in the countryside than I did.
28
In fact, those three years in the countryside enabled me to study far intensively than I would have if I had attended some college.
UNIT6
1.He was disabled from birth, but he never felt frustrated, nor did he give in to any difficulty.
2.Tom had been holding out for a promotion. When the opportunity showed up, he grabbed it at once.
3.He distrusts all standardized tests and believes that there should be something better to substitute for them.
4.My thesis is that we should carry out a survey of these controversial issues one by one right now.
5.Betty is diligent and dependable. She never shies away from any
difficulties. In short, she is the kind of student that we are all proud of.
6.It is ill-advised to keep the gas tank in your house for it ignites easily and may burn up all your hard-earned wealth in just a few minutes.
7.Doctor Smith's lecture amounts to saying that a child who displays high EQ early on in life will succeed eventually in the face of all kinds of
difficulties.
8.Since many marriages end in divorce in the United States, psychologists have suggested that couples in all families communicate with each other more often and solve their problems before it becomes 29
too late.
UNIT7
1.As I grew up, I made my peace with the fact that I would never fulfil my dream of becoming a writer.
2.Michael had got stuck trying to figure out the word essential to the word puzzle for two days before he threw up his hands in frustration.
3.The singer was taken aback by the pirated editions of his songs on the market, and he vowed not to let the thiefs off.
4.Thank you for purchasing our furnace. In return we will get rid of your old one for free.
5.Susan and I filled each other in on what had happened after we parted, from which I learned that she had had several children's books in print.
6.Her bookstore having been frozen out by a giant chain, the middleaged Lillian was at a loss as to what else she could do.
7.You need somebody to urge you constantly to see the task through to completion.
8.For fear that a new shopping center would ruin the peace of the community, many residents opposed the construction plan.
UNIT8
1.It is really pointless to sit through a tedious lecture if you do not take
30
any interest in it.
2.The students at our university all hold him in high esteem because of his eminence in the field of ecology.
3.Though he claims that his new novel has nothing to do with his own life, it has caught the fancy of many young readers, who believe that this novel has given them a glimpse of the author's childhood.
4.Since computer technology ushered in what is known as the Information Age, some writers have done away with their pens, for they can now write everything with their computers.
5.We have to admit, as much in sorrow as in shame, that there are some people among us who do think of themselves as the center of the universe and care very little about public affairs.
6.First and foremost, we should get the precise data on the population of the city. If retired people outnumber the teenagers, we should adjust our development plan to the needs of this large group of people.
7.Nothing pleases Nancy more than to see the rapid progress made by her seven-year-old son, whose playing would put many a professional pianist to shame.
8.The point I want to make is that as modern university students, we must hold knowledge in high esteem, especially its quest, and place great value on tradition, social restraint and continuity.
U n i t1 1. 任何年满18岁的人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote. 2. 每学期开学前，这些奖学金的申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester. 3. 遵照医生的建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking. 4. 公园位于县城的正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town. 5. 这所大学提供了我们所需的所有材料和设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire. 1. 他们花了多年的时间寻找内心的平静，但是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success. 2. 这种新药的成功研制已经使许多疾病的治疗发生了根本性的变革。
学外语 学习外语是我一生中最艰苦也是最有意义的经历之一。虽然时常遭遇挫折，但却非常有价值。 我学外语的经历始于初中的第一堂英语课。老师很慈祥耐心，时常表扬学生。由于这种积极的教学方法，我踊跃回答各种问题，从不怕答错。两年中，我的成绩一直名列前茅。 到了高中后，我渴望继续学习英语。然而，高中时的经历与以前大不相同。以前，老师对所有的学生都很耐心，而新老师则总是惩罚答错的学生。每当有谁回答错了，她就会用长教鞭指着我们，上下挥舞大喊：“错！错！错！”没有多久，我便不再渴望回答问题了。我不仅失去了回答问题的乐趣，而且根本就不想再用英语说半个字。 好在这种情况没持续多久。到了大学，我了解到所有学生必须上英语课。与高中老师不同，大学英语老师非常耐心和蔼，而且从来不带教鞭！不过情况却远不尽如人意。由于班大，每堂课能轮到我回答的问题寥寥无几。上了几周课后，我还发现许多同学的英语说得比我要好得多。我开始产生一种畏惧感。虽然原因与高中时不同，但我却又一次不敢开口了。看来我的英语水平要永远停步不前了。 直到几年后我有机会参加远程英语课程，情况才有所改善。这种课程的媒介是一台电脑、一条电话线和一个调制解调器。我很快配齐了必要的设备并跟一个朋友学会了电脑操作技术，于是我每周用5到7天在网上的虚拟课堂里学习英语。 网上学习并不比普通的课堂学习容易。它需要花许多的时间，需要学习者专心自律，以跟上课程进度。我尽力达到课程的最低要求，并按时完成作业。 我随时随地都在学习。不管去哪里，我都随身携带一本袖珍字典和笔记本，笔记本上记着我遇到的生词。我学习中出过许多错，有时是令人尴尬的错误。有时我会因挫折而哭泣，有时甚至想放弃。但我从未因别的同学英语说得比我快而感到畏惧，因为在电脑屏幕上作出回答之前，我可以根据自己的需要花时间去琢磨自己的想法。突然有一天我发现自己什么都懂了，更重要的是，我说起英语来灵活自如。尽管我还是常常出错，还有很多东西要学，但我已尝到了刻苦学习的甜头。 学习外语对我来说是非常艰辛的经历，但它又无比珍贵。它不仅使我懂得了艰苦努力的意义，而且让我了解了不同的文化，让我以一种全新的思维去看待事物。学习一门外语最令人兴奋的收获是我能与更多的人交流。与人交谈是我最喜欢的一项活动，新的语言使我能与陌生人交往，参与他们的谈话，并建立新的难以忘怀的友谊。由于我已能说英语，别人讲英语时我不再茫然不解了。我能够参与其中，并结交朋友。我能与人交流，并能够弥合我所说的语言和所处的文化与他们的语言和文化之间的鸿沟。
Unit1 1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important. 2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主，并最终递交了辞职书的原因。 His uncompromising personally explains why he would no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation 3.如果你真的想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。 If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you’ll do nowhere. The same can be said of other subjects. 4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀&霍夫曼尽管身材矮小，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。 Some actors fame is built on there innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart. 5.他负责管理之后，我们发现他与前任有明显的不同：他有干劲合和激情，想出了很多新点子，并把工作重点放在如何鼓舞我们的士气上。 After he took charge, we discovered that there were striking difference many new ideas，and focused on his work on how to rise our morale. 6.当邓小平宣布中国改革开放政策的时候，他被永远载入史册。尽管障碍重重，他以不懈的努力为我国的现代化做出了永久性的贡献。 Deng Xiaoping made history when he declared China’s reform and opening-up policy .Despite tremendous obstacles， he made lasting contributions to our country’s modernization with his unrelenting efforts. 7.为什么有人拥有天才级的智商却被智商平平但很刻苦的人丢在后面？承认除了智商之外，还有很多别的因素与；一个人的成就有着很大的关系。 Why would someone with a genius IQ be left behind by a hardworking person with an average IQ? It has to be acknowledged that besides one’s IQ, many other factors have much to do with one’s achievements. 8.这位教师真了不起，她能在教东西之前调动学生积极性，者并不是因为她有天赋，而是因为她只想着在课堂上吸引他们的注意力。 This teacher is really remarkable in first motivating her students, so she can really teach them something. It’s not that she is talented, it’s that she focused completely or drawing their full attention in class. Unit2 1.他瞪眼看着约翰，对他拒绝合作感到恼怒。 He glared at john and was annoyed by his refusal to cooperate. 2.约翰真诚的讲话表达了他对那些在他处于困境时给过他慷慨帮助的人们的感激之情。 John’s sincere speech shows his gratitude to the people who rendered him generous help when he was in difficulty. 3.他可说是一个集邮家。他曾经储蓄了两年去买一张珍邮这件事便是证明。 He is something of a stamp collector. The fact that once he saved up for two years to buy a rare stamp is proof of it. 4.这些玫瑰的美丽怎么评价也不过分。他们以各种方式吸引住了所有游客。
新编大学英语（第二版）第一册阅读文参考译文 Unit One 以生命相赠 1 炸弹落在了这个小村庄里。在可怕的越南战争期间，谁也不知道这些炸弹要轰炸什么目标，而他们却落在了一所有传教士们办的小孤儿院内。 2 传教士和一两个孩子已经丧生，还有几个孩子受了伤，其中有一个小女孩，8岁左右，她的双腿被炸伤。 3 几小时后，医疗救援小组到了。救援小组由一名年轻的美国海军医生和一名同样年轻的海军护士组成。他们很快发现有个小女孩伤势严重。如果不立即采取行动，显然她就会因失血过多和休克而死亡。 4 他们明白必须给小女孩输血，但是他们的医药用品很有限，没有血浆，因此需要相配血型的血。快速的血型测定显示两名美国人的血型都不合适，而几个没有受伤的孤儿却有相配的血型。 5 这位医生会讲一点越南语，忽视会讲一点法语，但只有中学的法语水平。孩子们不会说英语，只会说一点法语。医生和护士用少得可怜的一点共同语言，结合大量的手势，努力向这些受惊吓的孩子们解释说，除非他们能输一些血给自己的小伙伴，否则她将必死无疑。接着问他们是否有人愿意献血来救小女孩。 6 对医生和护士的请求，孩子们（只是）瞪大眼睛，一声不吭。此时小病人生命垂危。然而，只有这些受惊吓的孩子中有人自愿献血，他们才能够得到血。过了好一会儿，一只小手慢慢地举了起来，然后垂了下去，一会儿又举了起来。 7 “噢，谢谢，”护士用法语说。“你叫什么名字？” 8 “兴，”小男孩回答道。 9 兴很快被抱到一张床上，手臂用酒精消毒后，针就扎了进去。在整个过程中，兴僵直地躺着，没有出声。 10 过了一会儿，他发出了一声长长的抽泣，但立即用那只可以活动的手捂住了自己的脸。 11 “兴，疼吗？”医生问。 12 兴默默地摇了摇头，但一会儿忍不住又抽泣起来，并又一次试图掩饰自己的哭声。医生又问是不是插在手臂上的针弄疼了他，兴又摇了摇头。
Unit1 1、任何年满18岁得人都有资格投票。(be eligible to, vote) Anyone over the age of 18 is eligible to vote、 2、每学期开学前，这些奖学金得申请表格就会由学校发给每一个学生。(apply for, scholarship) A form to apply for these scholarships is sent by the university to every student before the start of every semester、 3、遵照医生得建议，我决定戒烟。(on the advice of) On the advice of my doctor, I decided to give up smoking、 4、公园位于县城得正中央。(be located in) The park is located right in the center of town、 5、这所大学提供了我们所需得所有材料与设备。(facilities) The university provides all the materials and facilities we desire、 1、她们花了多年得时间寻找内心得平静，但就是收效甚微。(search for) They spent many years searching for peace of mind, but with little success、 2、这种新药得成功研制已经使许多疾病得治疗发生了根本性得变革。(revolutionize) The successful development of the new drug has revolutionized the treatment of many diseases、 3、由于这个国家得经济不景气，这家公司濒于破产。(on the edge of) The company is on the edge of bankruptcy due to the economic depression in the country、 4、大学毕业后她成为了一名护士。她认为护士这一职业可能很有发展前途。(rewarding) He became a nurse after college、He thought nursing could be a very rewarding career、 5、她像往常一样在文件上签了名。(just as) He signed his name on the paper just as he has always done it、 Unit2
大学英语课文翻译及习 题答案 标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]
Unit 1 1. A very curious boy, Tom, is interested not only in whats but also in whys and hows. 汤姆是个非常好奇的男孩，他不仅对“是什么”感兴趣，而且也对“为什么”和“怎么会”感兴趣。 2. Happiness, according to Prof. Smith, is the ability to make the most of what you have. 据史密斯教授说，幸福就是你能充分利用你所有的一切。 3. You’d better keep the book where your 15-year-old son can’t get his hands on. 你最好把这本书放在你15岁的儿子找不到的地方。 4. The story was very funny and Bill kept laughing while reading it. 这故事非常滑稽，比尔一边读一边不停地笑。 5. High-achieving students do not necessarily put in more time at their studies than their lower-scoring classmates. 成绩优秀的学生未必比他们得分较低的同学在学习上花费更多的时间。 6. How did you manage to persuade these students to take the speed-reading course 你是怎样设法说服这些学生修读快速阅读课的 7. Working hard is important, but knowing how to make the most of one's abilities counts for much more. 用功是重要的，但知道如何充分利用自己的才能更重要得多。 8. She asked her students to think for themselves rather than telling them what to think. 她要求学生独立思考，而不是告诉他们该思考什么。 Unit 2 1. Referring to the differences between American English and British English, he said, “The United States and Britain are, after all, two different countries.” 在谈及美国英语和英国英语的差别时，他说：“美国和英国毕竟是两个不同的国家。” 2. Prof. Smith encourages his students to think for themselves. “I am just as happy,” he often says, “even if you challenge me or completely disagree with me.” 史密斯教授鼓励他的学生独立思考。他常说：“即使你们对我提出质疑或者完全不同意我的看法，我也同样高兴。” 3. We called on him to take part in our conversation about pop music, but as soon as he joined in, he introduced a new topic and referred to the NBA finals of the previous week. 我们请他参加我们关于流行音乐的谈话，但他一参加进来就引入一个新的话题，谈起了上周的NBA决赛。 4. The driver is responsible for this accident. His car knocked down a tree and a man on his bike. 司机应对这次事故负责。他的车撞倒了一棵树和一个骑车的人。
unit 1 TextA Love and logic: The story of a fallacy 爱情与逻辑：谬误的故事 1 I had my first date with Polly after I made the trade with my roommate Rob. That year every guy on campus had a leather jacket, and Rob couldn't stand the idea of being the only football player who didn't, so he made a pact that he'd give me his girl in exchange for my jacket. He wasn't the brightest guy. Polly wasn't too shrewd, either. 在我和室友罗伯的交易成功之后，我和波莉有了第一次约会。那一年校园里每个人都有件皮夹克，而罗伯是校足球队员中唯一一个没有皮夹克的，他一想到这个就受不了，于是他和我达成了一项协议，用他的女友换取我的夹克。他可不那么聪明，而他的女友波莉也不太精明。 2 But she was pretty, well-off, didn't dye her hair strange colors or wear too much makeup. She had the right background to be the girlfriend of a dogged, brilliant lawyer. If I could show the elite law firms I applied to that I had a radiant, well-spoken counterpart by my side, I just might edge past the competition. 但她漂亮而且富有，也没有把头发染成奇怪的颜色或是化很浓的妆。她拥有合适的家庭背景，足以胜任一名坚忍而睿智的律师的女友。如果我能够让我所申请的顶尖律师事务所看到我身边伴随着一位光彩照人、谈吐优雅的另一半，我就很有可能在竞聘中以微弱优势获胜。 3 "Radiant" she was already. I could dispense her enough pearls of wisdom to make her "well-spoken". “光彩照人”，她已经是了。而我也能施予她足够多的“智慧之珠”，让她变得“谈吐优雅”。 4 After a banner day out, I drove until we were situated under a big old oak tree on a hill off the expressway. What I had in mind was a little eccentric. I thought the venue with a perfect view of the luminous city would lighten the mood. We stayed in the car, and I turned down the stereo and took my foot off the brake pedal. "What are we going to talk about?" she asked. 在一起外出度过了美好的一天之后，我驱车来到了高速公路旁一座小山上一棵古老的大橡树下。我的想法有些怪异。而这个地方能够俯瞰灯火灿烂的城区，我觉得它会使人的心情变轻松。我们呆在车子里，我调低了音响并把脚从刹车上挪开。“我们要谈些什么？”她问道。 5 "Logic." “逻辑学。” 6 "Cool," she said over her gum. “好酷啊，”她一边嚼着口香糖一边说。 7 "The doctrine of logic," I said, "is a staple of clear thinking. Failures in logic distort the truth, and some of them are well known. First let's look at the fallacy Dicto Simpliciter." “逻辑学的原理，”我说道，“即清晰思考的主要原则。逻辑上出现的问题会歪曲事实，其中有些还很普遍。我们先来看看一种叫做‘绝对判断’的逻辑谬误。”
新视野大学英语课后习 题翻译答案 -CAL-FENGHAI.-(YICAI)-Company One1
新视野大学英语（第二版）读写教程2 1至7单元课后翻译答案总结 IA：她连水都不愿意喝一口，更别提留下来吃饭了。 She wouldn’t take a drink , much less would she stay for dinner. 他认为我在对他说谎，但实际上我讲的是实话。 He thought I was lying to him , whereas I was telling the truth. 这个星期你每天都迟到，对此你怎样解释 How do you account for the fact you have been late every day this week 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。 The increase in their profits is due to their new market strategy. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率得提高。 Such measures are likely to result in the improvement of work efficiency.
我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力，所以我们 只能继续。 We have already poured a lot of time and energy into the project , so we have to carry on. IIA: 尽管她是家里的独生女，他父母也从不溺爱她。 Despite the fact that she is the only child in the family , her parents never baby her . 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会，也没有给我打电话作任何解 释。 Mike didn’t come to the party last night , nor did he call me to give an explanation. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说，但绝不是什么 大作家。 The man sitting next to him did publish some novels , but he is by no means a great writer. 他对足球不感兴趣，也从不关心谁输谁赢。 He is not interested in football and is indifferent to who wins or loses.
21世纪英语读写教程第四册课后翻译答案 Unit1 If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an relenting drive to succeed. “There is an tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,”he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It’s a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremendous amounts of study, practice and devotion.” 西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话，那就是一种持续不断追求成功的动力 人们往往认为他们具备一些超常非凡的东西，但研究表明，有的伟人并没有惊人的智力。有的只是程度上的差异而已。伟大是建立在大量的学习、实践和献身精神的基础之上的。 He cited Winston Churchill, Britain’s prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into his office when his country’s moral was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired to nation when he said, “We should not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end…We shall never surrender.” 他举出二战时期的首相温斯顿·邱吉尔作为一个永不放弃的冒险者的典范。邱吉尔在全国上下士气最为低落的时候被推上台，并出色的领导了英国人民。在敦刻尔克的盟军1940年撤离后的讲话中，他鼓舞整个国家说，我们不会衰退，失败。我们将坚持到底……我们永远不会屈服。 1.美国人往往以从事的工作来对人们进行划分。家庭和教育背景这些特点被认为是不太重要的。 Americans tend to define people by the jobs they have/do. Such characteristics as their family and educational backgrounds are considered less important. 2.他决不妥协的个性是他再也无法容忍他的雇主,并最终递交了辞职书的原因。 His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation. 3.如果你真想学好英语，你就必须投入大量的时间和精力，否则你就不会有任何进步。对于其他课程也可以这么说。 His uncompromising personality explains why he could no longer put up with his employer and eventually submitted his resignation.If you really want to learn English well, you must put in a lot of time and energy, or you'll go nowhere. The same can be said of other subjects. 4.有些演员的名声靠的是他们天生的美貌，但是达斯汀?霍夫曼(Dustin Hoffman) 尽管身材矮小(short stature)，还是出类拔萃，而使他与众不同的正是他精湛的演技。 Some actors fame is built on their innate beauty, but despite his short stature, Dustin Hoffman rose above and it is his excellent acting that set him apart.
西蒙顿说，如果事业上取得巨大成就者具有什么共性的话 If great achievers share anything, said Simonton, it is an relenting drive to succeed. “There is an tendency to think that they are endowed with something super-normal,” he explained. “But what comes out of the research is that there are great people who have no amazing intellectual processes. It’s a difference in degree. Greatness is built upon tremend ous amounts of study, practice and devotion.” He cited Winston Churchill, Britain’s prime minister during World War II, as an example of a risk-taker who would never give up. Thrust into his office when his country’s moral was at its lowest, Churchill rose brilliantly to lead the British people. In a speech following the Allied evacuation at Dunkirk in 1940, he inspired to nation when he said, “We should not flag or fail. We shall go on to the end… We shall never surrender.” 一些人不愿表达感激之情，因为他们觉得这不会受欢迎。 Some person refrain from expressing their gratitude because they feel it will not be welcome. A patient of mine, a few weeks after his discharge from the hospital, came back to thank his nurse. “I don’t come sooner,” he explained, “because I imagined you must b e bored to death with people thanking you.” “On the contrary,” she replied, “I am delighted you came. Few realize how much we need encouragement and how much we are helped by those who give it.” Gratitude is something of which none of us can give too much. For on the smiles, the thanks we give, our little gestures of appreciation, our neighbors build up their philosophy of life. 一般西方人解决问题的方法是与之搏斗。 The normal Western approach to a problem is to fight it. The saying, “When the going gets tough, the toug h get going,” is typical of this aggressive attitude toward problem-solving. No matter what the problem is, or the techniques available for solving it, the framework produced by our Western way of thinking is fight.Dr.de Bono calls this vertical thinking; the traditional, sequential, Aristotelian thinking of logic, moving firmly from one step to the next, like toy blocks being built one on top of the other. The flaw is, of course, that if at any point one of the step is not reached, or one of the toy blocks is incorrectly placed, then the whole structure collapse. Impasse is reached, and frustration, tension, feelings of fight take over. Lateral thinking, Dr. de Bono says,is a new technique of thinking about things—a technique that avoids this fight altogether,and solves the problem In an entirely unexpected fashion. 学生的成绩达不到老师的期望是常有的事 When a student's work did not measure up to the teacher's expectations, as often happened, the student was not treated with disappointment, anger, or annoyance. Instead, the teacher assumed that this was an exception, an accident, a bad day, a momentary slip — and the student believed her and felt reassured. The next time around, he tried harder, determined to live up to what the teacher knew he could to. The exact part of communication that tells a child, "I expect the best," is difficult to pinpoint. In part it consists of a level tone showing assurance, a lack of verbal impatience, an absence of negative qualities such as irony, put-downs, and irritation.The teacher who expects the best asks her questions with conviction, knowing the answers she gets will be right, and the child picks up
Unit 1 1.3000多辆汽车因刹车问题昨日被召回（because of；recall） 1. More than 3000 cars were recalled yesterday because of a brake problem. 2.他尽管病得很重，但还是来参加会议了。（despite） 2. He came to the meeting despite his serious illness. 3.要确保同样得错误今后不再发生了。（see it that） 3. See to it that the same mistake won't happen again. 4.现在他们之间的了解多了一些，他们相处得就好些了。（now that） 4. Now that they've got to know more about each other，they get along better. 5.此时我发现自己被五六个男孩子围住了。（find oneself） 5. Then Ifound myself surrounded by five or six boys. 6.在这幸福的时刻，我向你致以最美好的祝愿。（on occasion） 6. I send you my best wishes on this happy occasion. Unit3 1)很多事情导致了我与那家公司断绝关系。(contribute to) A lot of things contributed to the end of my relationship with that company. 2.面对严峻的疾病，她表现出了巨大的勇气。（in the face of） She showed great courage in the face of serious illness. 3.我们得出结论，她讲的是真话。（come to） We came to the conclusion that she was telling the truth. 4他的秘书没有告诉他那次会议的情况。（fail to）
为自己而写 从孩提时代，我还住在贝尔维尔时，我的脑子里就断断续续地转着当作家的念头，但直等到我高中三年级，这—一想法才有了实现的可能。在这之前，我对所有跟英文课沾边的事都感到腻味。我觉得英文语法枯燥难懂。我痛恨那些长而乏味的段落写作，老师读着受累，我写着痛苦。 弗利格尔先生接我们的高三英文课时，我就准备着在这门最最单调乏味的课上再熬上沉闷的一年。弗利格尔先生在学生中以其说话干巴和激励学生无术而出名。据说他拘谨刻板，完全落后于时代。我看他有六七十岁了，古板之极。他戴着古板的毫无装饰的眼镜，微微卷曲的头发剪得笔齐，梳得纹丝不乱。他身穿古板的套装，白衬衣领扣外的领带打得——丝不苟。他救着古板的尖下巴，古板的直鼻梁，说起话来—·本正经，字斟句酌，彬彬有礼，活脱脱一个橱稽的老古董。 我作好准备，打算在弗利格尔先生的班上一无所获地混上—·年，不少日子过去了，还真率出所料。后半学期我们学写随笔小品文。弗利格尔先生发下一张家庭作业纸，出了不少题供我们选择。像“暑假二三事”那样傻乎乎的题目倒是一个也没有，但绝大多数—样乏味。我把作文题带回家，——直没写，直到要交作业的前一天晚上。我躺在沙发上，最终不得不面对这一讨厌的功课，便从笔记本里抽出作文题目单粗粗—看。我的目光落在“吃意大利细面条的艺术”这个题目上。… 这个题目在我脑海里唤起了一连串不同寻常的图像。贝尔维尔之夜的清晰的回忆如潮水一般涌来，当时，我们大家——起围坐在晚餐桌旁——艾伦舅舅、我母亲、查理舅舅、多丽丝、哈尔舅舅——帕特舅妈晚饭做的是意大利细面条。那时意大利细面条还是很少听说的异国食品。多丽丝和我都还从来没吃过，在座的大人也是经验不足，没有—个吃起来得心应手的。艾伦舅舅家诙谐有趣的场景全都重现在我的脑海中，我回想起来，当晚我们笑作—团，争论着该如何地把面条从盘子上送到嘴里才算合乎礼仪。 突然我就想描述那…切，描述当时那种温馨美好的气氛，但我把它写下来仅仅是想白得其乐，而不是为弗利格尔先生而写。那是我想重新捕捉并珍藏在心中的一个时刻。我想重温那个夜晚的愉快。然而，照我希望的那样去写，就会违反我在学校里学的正式作文的种种法则弗利格尔先生也肯定会打它—个不及格。没关系。等我为自己写好了之后，我可以再为弗利格尔先生写点什么别的东西。 等我写完时已是半夜时分，再没时间为弗利格尔先生写——篇循规蹈矩、像模像样的文章了。第二天上午，我别无选择，只好把我为自己而写的贝尔维尔晚餐的故事交了上去。两天后弗利格尔先生发还批改过的作文，他把别人的都发了，·就是没有我的。我正准备着遵命—放学就去弗利格尔先生那儿挨训，却看见他从桌上拿起我的作文，敲了敲桌子让大家注意听。 “好了，孩子们，”他说。“我要给你们念一篇小品文。文章的题目是：吃意大利细面条的艺术。” 于是他开始念了。是我写的!他给全班大声念我写的文章。更不可思议的是，全班同学都在听着他念，而且听得很专心。有人笑出声来，接着全班都笑了，不是轻蔑嘲弄，而是乐乎乎地开怀大笑。就连弗利格尔先生也停顿了两三次，好抑制他那丝拘谨的微笑。我尽力不流露出得意的心情，但是看到我写的文章竟然能使别人大笑，我真是心花怒放。就在十——年级，可谓是最后的时刻，我找到了一个今生想做的事。这是我整个求学生涯中最幸福的——刻。弗利格尔先生念完后说道：“瞧，孩子们，这就是小品文，懂了没有。这才是一知道吗——这才是小品文的精髓，知道了没有。祝贺你，贝克先生。”他这番话使我沉浸 在十全十美的幸福之中