A Sample Outline
Purpose: To show how programs written for microcomputers relate to the process of writing.
Thesis: Microcomputer programs can have a positive effect on students' writing if both the potentials and limitations of the programs are understood.
Audience: Current college and university students.
Microcomputer Programs and the Process of Writing
I. Major Steps in the Writing Process
A. Organizing
B. Writing the first draft
C. Evaluating
D. Revising
II. Writing Programs for the Microcomputer
A. Types of Programs and Their Relationship to the Writing Process
1. Thought
a. Use in organizing
b. Use in revising
2. Word Processors
a. Use in writing the first draft
b. Use in revising
3. Analytical programs: grammar, style, spelling
a. Use in evaluating
b. Use in revising
B. Positive and Negative Aspects of Computer Writing Programs
1. Positive features
a. Less time spent on repetitive or mechanical
writing tasks
b. Greater flexibility and versatility in writing
process
c. Increased revision strategies
d. Specific learning possibilities
2. Negative features
a. The increased time spent on learning software
programs and computers
b. The availability of hardware and software
c. The unrealistic expectations of users
1) A cure-all for writing problems
2) A way to avoid learning correct
grammar/syntax/spelling
3) A method to reduce time spent on writing
proficiently
4) A simple process to learn and execute
C. Future Possibilities of Computer Programs for Writing
1. Rapid change
2. Improved programs
3. Increased use and availability
4. More realistic assessment of value - critical
work\
Outline Thesis statement: like coins have two sides, giving students grades has advantages and disadvantages, say it is useful, imperfect, and harmful. I.Giving students grades is useful A.It can help students work hard. 1.My classmate, Sun didn’t want studying very much, when he was twelve years’old. But after my teacher, Miss Zhang told him that his grade in class is low, Sun began did his best to study. B.It can let students to know their disadvantages. https://www.doczj.com/doc/2a5483604.html,st year, my grade in our class was always high, but this year, my grade got lower. After my analysis, I know finally, I don’t have a good way to study. C.It let students who have high grade become more confident. 1.My classmate, King has a high grade in class, so he is very confident to study, and he becomes more and more successful. II.On the other hand, the disadvantages far overweight the advantages, because giving students grade is not perfect. A.It can’t reflect students’ comprehensive abilities.
Outline The statements: This paper is going to discuss the liberalism that rooted in Isabel Archer’s mind—the heroin in the portrait of a lady.But sometimes she seems to go against her liberalism after marriage with Gilbert Osmond. 1. Introduction 2. The Maturity of Isabel Archer 3.Isabel's View of liberty 3.1 Liberty of Mind 3.1.1 Isabel's Attitude toward Life 3.1.2 Isabel's Attitude toward Love and Marriage 3.2 Liberty of Behaviours 3.2.1 Isabel's Refusal to Ideal Suitors—Goodwood and Warburton 3.2.2 Isabel's Choice to Marry Gilbert Osmond 4. Paradoxs in Isabel's View of Liberalism 4.1 Request for Liberty Versus Social Limitation 4.2 Love of Liberty Versus Fear of Liberty 4.3 Preservation of Dignity Versus Acceptance of Mistakes 5. Conclusion
Introduction to the Course --- Public Speaking Outline Specific purpose: To inform the students about the aspects of the course --- Public Speaking Central idea: The four aspects of this course include five purposes of opening the course, the way the course will be conducted and the teaching schedule, 14 requirements to ensure an effective result; and the evaluation and grading. Introduction I. First let me ask you three questions: A. A. Why do you choose this course B.What is a good speech C.What is the greatest obstacle if one wants to deliver a great speech II. As a veteran teacher of English I find Chinese students are reluctant to make a public speech. A.Chinese students are more likely to have stage fright because they are not or less trained. B.Public speech is a compulsory course in most of the American universities. III. For the next 30 minutes or so I’d like to talk about 4 things: the purposes of this course, the way the course will be conducted, the requirements you should meet and grading scheme. (Transition: Let’s start with the purposes of this course.) Body I. There are five main purposes to open this course.
样例：Persuasive Speech Outline 2011级国贸1班王红交稿时间2012.10.26 Independent travel is the best way of tourism Specific Purpose: To persuade my audience that independent travel is the best way of tourism. Central Idea: Independent travel is the best way of tourism because of three merits----more freedom, arranging the travel according to your needs, and experiencing a more authentic life when traveling by yourself. Introduction I. II. ? II.For packaged travel most of you must have experienced a lot, out with your parents. But now, as a college student I could say that independent travel must be the best way of IV. ?It is a self-arranged travel, which means you have to book the tickets and hotel V. So today, I will show you three of the independent travel to explain why it is the best way of tourism. Body I. A. 2.Or if somewhere is attractive enough, you can choose to stay longer to enjoy the beautiful scenery. (Transition: Actually, freedom is just a beginning. The second one is truly the most exciting one.) II. A.Packaged travel often has a which may contain many B.And also you can change your route randomly.
怎样撰写英语的outline 好的outline对你撰写正文内容具有很强的指导作用。不管你要撰写的是什么类型的文章，outline都是非常必要（通常情况下也是必须的）。接下来的内容对撰写提纲有很大帮助。 1.明确文章的主旨。 一篇文章都有其所要表达主旨。选择一个最终主旨不仅能引导你主题的方向，还有助于你有逻辑的组织文章。比如你在写论文，写下能够概括文章主旨的中心思想，以帮助你确定主旨： ? 比较和对照两个事物。 ? 列出因果 ? 阐明或分析一个特殊方面 ? 列出单个或两者的论证 ? 提供证据并得出结论 ? 列出问题然后提供解决方案 2.收集辅助材料。 这些被收集来的材料可能来自引用他人成果、数据统计、理论、实验结果等。通过收集材料，明确这些材料使用，这些东西可能会体现在essay outline中。 3.决定如何安排辅助论证来支撑主旨。 举例：如果你在呈现一个历史概述，你可以按年代来排序；如果你在辩论文学方面内容，你可能要按主题排序；如果你处在某观点立场的两级徘徊时，你可以先列出和你立场有矛盾的证据，然后用反论证消除达到有说服力的结果。 4.撰写主题提纲或者句子提纲。 如果文章非常灵活多变，那么你可以用利用一些短语作为主题大纲；用句子大纲阐述细节。 ? 一般来说你可以尝试先用主题提纲来开始你的提纲撰写，然后再逐步转变成句子提纲。 5.确定主要类别。 根据文章的主旨和找到的辅助材料来决定把全文的大主题分散整理到不同逻辑类别。这些类别将会被标记成罗马数字来形成提纲的第一步。 ? 当写文章时，通常会用一个大点去代表一个段落：比如，一、文章的开头段，二、主体段落的第一段，等等。例如，如果描写飞机历史发展史的概论，每一个大点就该包括各个飞机历史上的时期。 6.确定论点。
The spice of my life Outline Specificpurpose: To inform my audience about my experience living with my sister Central idea:To tell the story and feeling living with my sister. Introduction Eye contact Recently, China is about to carry out generally two-child policy. People have different views on the policy. Businesspersons discover new opportunities. Young parents are considering if they want a second child. How about you? Most of you are the only child. When you hear d the policy, are you happy your parents won’t want a second at this age? Or do you feel ashamed the policy carrying out so late? Slow down.But for me, as an older sister, my emotion is complex. I think of my experience living with my sister. She is like the spicy of my life.Today,according to my feeling I will divide the experience into four stages to share with you. (preview statement) (transition: let’s get down the first stage, sour) Body I. The first stage is my mother was pregnant, my feeling is sour. In other words, I was jealous of the little life. A.The reason why I hate younger sister 1. Before, I heard that if you had a younger sister or brother, all of your things would be shared. I believe it without doubt. 2.When my mother was pregnant, I was not allowed to be close to my mother, my
Speech Outline Step One – Preparation A.Topic:environment problems B.Audience:citizen C.Title of speech:What should we do with the environment problems? D.Purpose of speech:To make people ware the global environment problems, and encourage people to protect the environment. Step Two – Introduction Main point:The Paris agreement came into effect on November 4th ,2016. At present, the environment problems are becoming more and more serious. It is necessary to take measures to protect environment. It is the responsibility of citizen. Step Three – Body Main Idea 1 ?Idea: why do we need to pay attention to environmental problems? ?Details/Examples:The signing of the Paris agreement means the global environment is not optimistic. Environment problems will threaten the survival of human. Main Idea 2 ?Idea:What cause the environment pollution? ?Details/Examples: air pollution( haze,industry), water pollution(drainage), soil pollution(used battery) Main Idea 3 ?Idea: What should the government and citizen do? ?Details/Examples: government( make laws, financial support...) citizen(drive green, monitor government...)
有些同学11周可能没去上课，或者上课笔记没做完，下面是我在课堂上抄的笔记，希望对各位同学写outline有帮助！ 一、Outline的构成 Introduction –a formal presentation that leads to the main part of the essay. A good introduction gets the reader s’ attention and makes them want to read more. Thesis – a subject for a composition or essay, a statement put forward for consideration that is either proved or discussed against objections. Transition –a statement or two that shows the readers you are now talking about something else. Summary – a technique used usually in the conclusion of an essay that restates the author’s intentions without going into too much detail and highlights the major points the author wants to make in the written work. Conclusion –the end of the essay and often the part that readers remember most. It should be clear and avoid contradicting the points you have raised earlier in the essay. It’s your last chance to have the final say on the object. It should be clear and avoid using the same phrase. P.S. 在Transition中要避免使用first, second, third,………………
Euthanasia-the problem of when to die, and how Introduction: I.Introduce the U.S. state of Oregon's Death with Dignity Act in November 8, 1994. 2. II.Introduce the debates of “euthanasia” in 17th century. III.Today, I’ll inform you of some basic knowledge of euthanasia. IV.I’ll first explain what euthanasia is, and then classify it, and eventually move to the practice of it in reality. Body: I.The meaning and history of euthanasia. II.The classification of euthanasia. a)Active euthanasia and PAS i)Definition b)Passive euthanasia i)Definition III.The practice of it in reality. a)Active euthanasia and PAS b)Passive euthanasia Conclusion: 1.Preview. 2.Quotation. 3.What makes euthanasia so important and so contentious.
My outline (080703120 汤煜芳) A Paralysed Wilderness —The Appreciation and Analysis of Symbols in Araby Thesis statement:The symbols regarding the setting, religion and characters in Araby are ingeniously adopted, which manifests a stretch of paralysed wilderness typical of Dublin and contributes immensely to the success of the short story. Outline: 1. Introduction 2. Demonstration 2.1 Symbols regarding the setting 2.1.1 Blind alley in North Richmond Street—hopelessness, bleakness, and ignorance 2.1.2 Houses and gardens in the street—decay and gloom 2.1.3 Lamplight 2.1. 3.1 Lamplight in the street—spiritual decadence 2.1. 3.2 Lamplight in Araby fair—darkness and disillusionment 2.1.4 Araby bazaar—boy’s goal and social reality 2.2 Symbols involving religion 2.2.1 Dead priest and his abandoned belongings—collapse of the religious belief 2.2.2 The wild garden—spiritual paralysis 2.2.3 The chalice—boy’s yearning for beautiful love 2.3 Symbols concerning the characters 2.3.1 Mangan’s sister—boy’s pursuit of dream 2.3.2 Aunt and uncle of th e narrator “I”—short-sighted and indifferent people 3. Conclusion 1
Name: He Yaoxi Student number: 201428010415014 Course code: B-13 WRITING ASSIGNMENT #5 Essay Outline Title: Do all students benefit from studying oversea? Thesis Statement: Not all students benefit from studying oversea, on the contrary, it would bring a lot of problems. We should make a reasonable selection according to our own conditions and pursuits. Outline: Ⅰ. Introduction- Thesis statement: With globalization, more and more educated, talented, passionate young graduate students prefer to study oversea rather than staying home. In such a wave, we need to pose a question: Do all students benefit from studying oversea? My answer is no. Not all students benefit from studying oversea, on the contrary, it would bring a lot of problems. Therefore, we should make a reasonable selection according to our own conditions and pursuits. Ⅱ. Body Paragraph #1 Topic Sentence: Foreign life means students have to make changes for the entirely different environment, such as lifestyle, culture and language, ect.. A. Students may hardly adapted themselves to the new lifestyle; B. Students may hardly adapted themselves to the different culture; C. Students may hardly adapted themselves to the foreign language; Ⅲ. Body Paragraph #2 Topic Sentence: There are not many opportunities for foreign countries after the financial crisis. A. The financial crisis lead to loss of jobs for overseas-students; B. The financial crisis make difficult for overseas-students to apply the fund ; C. The financial crisis create a tumultuous social upheaval for overseas-students; Ⅳ. Body Paragraph #3 Topic Sentence: Oversea studying adds parental burden, and apprehension and homesickness for students. A. Oversea studying adds parental burden for affording the high tuitions; B. Oversea studying may bring mental issue as feeling homesick; C. Oversea studying sometimes may broken your relationship. Ⅴ. Conclusion Not all students benefit from studying oversea, it also may cause a lot of troubles.
撰写essay之前，好的outline对你撰写正文内容具有很强的指导作用。不管你要撰写的是什么类型的文章，outline 都是非常必要（通常情况下也是必须的）。接下来的内容对撰写提纲有很大帮助。 1.明确文章的主旨。 一篇文章都有其所要表达主旨。选择一个最终主旨不仅能引导你主题的方向，还有助于你有逻辑的组织文章。比如你在写论文，写下能够概括文章主旨的中心思想，以帮助你确定主旨： ?比较和对照两个事物。 ?列出因果 ?阐明或分析一个特殊方面 ?列出单个或两者的论证 ?提供证据并得出结论 ?列出问题然后提供解决方案 2.收集辅助材料。 这些被收集来的材料可能来自引用他人成果、数据统计、理论、实验结果等。通过收集材料，明确这些材料使用，这些东西可能会体现在essay outline中。 3.决定如何安排辅助论证来支撑主旨。 举例：如果你在呈现一个历史概述，你可以按年代来排序；如果你在辩论文学方面内容，你可能要按主题排序；如果你处在某观点立场的两级徘徊时，你可以先列出和你立场有矛盾的证据，然后用反论证消除达到有说服力的结果。 4.撰写主题提纲或者句子提纲。 如果文章非常灵活多变，那么你可以用利用一些短语作为主题大纲；用句子大纲阐述细节。 ?一般来说你可以尝试先用主题提纲来开始你的提纲撰写，然后再逐步转变成句子提纲。 5.确定主要类别。 根据文章的主旨和找到的辅助材料来决定把全文的大主题分散整理到不同逻辑类别。这些类别将会被标记成罗马数字来形成提纲的第一步。 ?当写文章时，通常会用一个大点去代表一个段落：比如，一、文章的开头段，二、主体段落的第一段，等等。例如，如果描写飞机历史发展史的概论，每一个大点就该包括各个飞机历史上的时期。 6.确定论点。 每个分类至少想两个论点，根据你文章的主旨和你之前收集的论据材料来选择你的分论点。这些分论点就是你提纲的第二个层级。一般它们是用英文字母标示的。（比如A、B、C 等等） ?让你的第二层级比你的第一层级缩进1.27到2.54厘米 ?还是用飞机发展史历史的例子，每一个分点就可以描写那个时代的发动机型号 7.根据需要确定中心论点的分论点。 如果有必要的话，你可以在中心论点上确定分论点。这么做会最大化你文章的逻辑性。再把这些分论点放在你提纲的第三层，并用阿拉伯数字标示。（1、2、3、4 等等） ?为了方便标识，你可以在下一层用小写罗马字符（i、 ii、 iii、 iv等等），接着用小写英文字母（a、b、 c、d等等），最后可以用回阿拉伯数字（1、2、3、4，等等） ?在写提纲时基本上不需要四个层级。如果出现这类状况，试着合并论点。
Class Four Katherine Topic: Abolition of the death penalty Thesis: The Chinese government should take steps to abolish the death penalty. Ⅰ. Introduction A.Definition of the death penalty B.History of the death penalty in China C.Thesis statement Ⅱ. Necessities of abolishing the death penalty in China A.The global trend 1.Consideration of the human rights 2.Quotations from the celebrities 3.Example of abolishing the death penalty abroad B.Defectiveness of the death penalty 1.Racial inequality 2.Economic inequality 3.Erroneous judgment 4.Ineffective deterrence C.Home Requirement 1.Attitudes of the party concerned 2.The need to build a harmonious society Ⅲ. Necessities of taking steps A.The enormous population and the lack of infrastructure construction B.Economic condition C.Public order condition D.Legislative condition E.Judicial condition F.Social psychology Ⅳ. How to take steps A.Revision of the laws B.Reformation of the judicature C.Promote people’s conception of the death penalty D.Promote leaders’ conception of the death penalty Ⅴ. Conclusion A.Summary of above information B.Restate thesis in different words C.Closing remark
如何拟定论文大纲 How to write an outline of a term paper? 1. 题目: to be specific and relatively "narrow" 2. 破题: 解释题目中的关键词，并说明选择该题目的原因和意义 3. 论文的目的/拟完成的研究任务: objectives to be achieved in this research/dissertation/paper: e.g., (a) to systemically review the function and performance of SASAC in SOE reform, (b) to..., (c) to..., (d) to.... 4. 论文要探究的具体问题或者要廓清的争议: 分项说明major issues and problems to be addressed 5. 你进行研究的基础（即已有材料、文献和讨论）以及既有研究的缺漏/未尽之处: previous work done by others which you can draw on, as well as the research gaps (i.e., gaps left unaddressed in previous work by others) you expect to fill. This part is essentially a brief literature review of others' work 6.论文的分析框架和组织结构（具体章节）: analytical structure of research: i.e., chapters 7. 论文应用的研究方法(可以不限一种)：methodology of research: how you are going to present your arguments and how you are going to organize material? (to adopt one or more of the following methods: doctrinal, empirical, comparative, case study...) 8. 论文边界的限定：qualifications of research scope (the limits of your research and issues which are not discussed in detail but are worth exploring in you future research)
英语系毕业论文)情境教学法在初中英语教学中的应用（开题报告+任务书+外文翻译+文献综述+论文） Contents Introduction (1) 1. The Cognition of Situational Teaching Method (2) 1.1 Approach (2) 1.1.1 Theory of Language (2) 1.1.2 Theory of Learning (3) 1.2 Design (3) 1.2.1 Objectives (3) 1.2.2 The Syllabus (4) 1.2.3 Types of Learning and Teaching Activities (4) 1.2.4 Learner Roles (4) 1.2.5 Teacher Roles (5) 1.2.6 The Role of Instructional Materials (5) 2. The Application of Situational Teaching Method in Junior English (5) 2.1 The Basic Structure and Working Techniques of Situational Teaching Method (6) 2.2 Four Kinds of Methods to Found the Situation (7) 2.2.1 Creating the Happy Situation to Stimulate Students’ Interests (7) 2.2.2 Creating the Question Situation to Cultivate Students’ Interests (9) 2.2.3 Creating the Language Situation to Consolidate Students’ Interests (12) 2.2.4 Creating the Activi ty Situation to Enhance Students’ Interests (14) 3. The Key Points of Situational Teaching (16) 3.1 The Role’s Independence and Creativity (16) 3.2 The Blending of the Role and the Situation (17) 3.3 “The Role” Is Interactive in Situational Teaching (17)
THE THREE TOWNS OF WUHAN OUTLINE Special purpose: To inform my audience about the origin and the major attractions of the three towns of Wuhan. Central idea: Each town has its own special origin of name and the individual constitutes the charm of Wuhan. Introduction Ⅰ.What do you think of the three towns of Wuhan when you first came here? Ⅱ. I’m a native and when I was a child, I was confused about many things of the three towns--- Hanyang, Hankou, and Wuchang. For me, they are similar but different. Ⅲ.In fact, the history of Wuhan when it was really constituted by the three towns is only 81 years. Ⅳ.Today, I would like to show you this three major towns of Wuhan. (Transition: Let's start with the location of their names.) Body Ⅰ. The location of the three towns. A. As we all know, Wuchang lies in the sourth of the Yangtze river, and the other two are in the north. B. And Hankou and Hanyang are separated by Han river. C. You can find that the two rivesr play an important role among the three towns. (Transition: Many things start from these two rivers, such as the names.) Ⅱ. The origin of the three towns’ names. A. Origin of Wuchang 1. The name was raised by Sunquan when he wanted to fight with Liubei for Jingzhou. 2. To some degree, the name of these area---Wuchang was exchanged with today’s Jingzhou. B. Origin of Hanyang 1. The origin of Hanyang was related to han river. 2. It was in the north of han river and the sourth of Guishan in ancient times, so it got the name Hanyang. C. Origin of Hankou 1. Hankou and Hanyang were together until the Han river changed its way. 2. It has been only 500 years since Hankou was separated from Hanyang.