Foundations of Financial Markets and Institutions, 4e (Fabozzi/Modigliani/Jones) Chapter 13 Primary Markets and the Underwriting of Securities
Multiple Choice Questions
1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
1) The ________ involves the distribution to investors of newly issued securities by central governments, its agencies, municipal governments, and corporations
A) OTC market
B) secondary market
C) primary market
D) stock market
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities 2) The participants in the marketplace that work with issuers to distribute newly issued securities are called investment bankers. Investment banking is performed by two groups: ________.
A) commercial banks and securities houses.
B) hometown banks and securities houses.
C) commercial banks and bank houses.
D) savings & loans and bank houses.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities 3) The traditional process in the United States for issuing new securities involves investment bankers performing up to three functions. Which of the below is NOT one of these functions?
A) One function is advising the issuer on the terms and the timing of the offering.
B) One function is selling the securities to the issuer.
C) One function is distributing the issue to the public.
D) One function is buying the securities from the issuer.
Answer: B
Comment: The traditional process in the United States for issuing new securities involves investment bankers performing one or more of the following three functions:
(1) advising the issuer on the terms and the timing of the offering,
(2) buying the securities from the issuer, and
(3) distributing the issue to the public.
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities
4) An investment banker may merely act as an advisor and/or distributor of the new security. The function of buying the securities from the issuer is called ________.
A) advising.
B) distributing.
C) purchasing.
D) underwriting.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities 5) An ________ is a common stock offering issued by companies that have NOT previously issued common stock to the public.
A) initial private issuance (IPI)
B) seasoned equity offering (SEO)
C) initial public offering (IPO)
D) seasoned offering (SO)
Answer: C
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities
6) Which of the below statements is FALSE?
A) A secondary common stock offering is an offering of common stock that had been issued in the past by the corporation.
B) For a secondary offering, the range for the gross spread as a percentage of the amount raised is between 3% and 6%.
C) For traditional bond offerings, the gross spread as a percentage of the principal is around 100 basis points.
D) The typical underwritten transaction involves so much risk of capital loss that a single investment banking firm undertaking it alone would be exposed to the danger of losing a significant portion of its capital.
Answer: C
Comment: For traditional bond offerings, the gross spread as a percentage of the principal is around 50 basis points.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.2 the risk associated with the underwriting of a security
2 Regulation of the Primary Market
1) Underwriting activities are regulated by the ________.
A) Initial Public Offerings Market (IPOM).
B) Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC).
C) Investment Banking Industry (IBI).
D) Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI).
Answer: A
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.4 how the SEC regulates the distribution of newly issued securities
2) The type of information contained in the registration statement includes ________.
A) the nature of the business of the issuer and key provisions or features of the security.
B) the nature of the investment risks associated with the security and the background of management.
C) the nature of the business of the issuer and the background of management.
D) All of these
Answer: D
Comment: The type of information contained in the registration statement is the nature of the business of the issuer, key provisions or features of the security, the nature of the investment risks associated with the security, and the background of management.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.5 what a registration statement is
3) The registration is actually divided into two parts. Part I is the ________. It is this part that is typically distributed to the public as an offering of the securities. Part II contains ________, which is not distributed to the public as part of the offering but is available from the SEC upon request.
A) registration; additional information
B) prospectus; supplemental information
C) supplemental information; registration
D) beginning information; prospectus
Answer: B
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.5 what a registration statement is
4) The Securities Act of 1933 ________.
A) does not provide for penalties in the form of fines and/or imprisonment if the information provided is inaccurate or material information is omitted.
B) governs the issuance of securities.
C) provides that investors who purchase the security are entitled to sue the issuer but not the underwriter to recover damages if they incur a loss as a result of the misleading information. D) provides that financial statements must be included after the registration statement. Answer: B
Comment: The Securities Act of 1933 governs the issuance of securities. The act requires that a registration statement be filed with the SEC by the issuer of a security. Financial statements must be included in the registration statement, and they must be certified by an independent public accountant. The act provides for penalties in the form of fines and/or imprisonment if the information provided is inaccurate or material information is omitted. Moreover, investors who purchase the security are entitled to sue the issuer to recover damages if they incur a loss as a result of the misleading information. The underwriter may also be sued if it can be demonstrated that the underwriter did not conduct a reasonable investigation of the information reported by the issuer. One of the most important duties of an underwriter is to perform due diligence.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.4 how the SEC regulates the distribution of newly issued securities
5) Which of the below statements is TRUE?
A) The filing of a registration statement with the SEC means that the security can be offered to the public.
B) When the SEC declares the registration statement is "effective," it means that an amendment to the registration statement can be filed.
C) The registration statement must be reviewed and approved by the SEC's Division of Corporate Finance before a public offering can be made.
D) The approval of the SEC means that the securities have investment merit or are properly priced or that the information is accurate.
Answer: C
Comment: The filing of a registration statement with the SEC does not mean that the security can be offered to the public. The registration statement must be reviewed and approved by the SEC’s Division of Corporate Finance before a public offering ca n be made. Typically, the staff of this division will find a problem with the registration statement. The staff then sends a "letter of comments" or "deficiency letter" to the issuer explaining the problem it has encountered. The issuer must remedy any problem by filing an amendment to the registration statement. If the staff is satisfied, the SEC will issue an order declaring that the registration statement is "effective," and the underwriter can solicit sales. The approval of the SEC, however, does not mean that the securities have investment merit or are properly priced or that the information is accurate. It merely means that the appropriate information appears to have been disclosed. Diff: 3
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.5 what a registration statement is
6) A red herring is ________.
A) a period of waiting for SEC approval.
B) an amended prospectus.
C) a preliminary prospectus.
D) a prospectus printed fully in red ink.
Answer: C
Comment: During the waiting period, the SEC does allow the underwriters to distribute a preliminary prospectus. Because the prospectus has not become effective, its cover page states this in red ink and, as a result, the preliminary prospectus is commonly called a red herring. Diff: 2
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.4 how the SEC regulates the distribution of newly issued securities
3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
1) Not all deals are underwritten using the traditional syndicate process. For example, variations in the United States, the Euromarkets, and foreign markets include ________.
A) the auction process and rights offering for the underwriting of bonds.
B) the bought deal of the Eurostock market.
C) a rights offering for underwriting common stock.
D) All of these
Answer: C
Comment: Not all deals are underwritten using the traditional syndicate process we have described. Variations in the United States, the Euromarkets, and foreign markets include the bought deal for the underwriting of bonds, the auction process for both stocks and bonds, and a rights offering for underwriting common stock.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.3 the different types of underwriting arrangements
2) The mechanics of a bought deal are that ________.
A) the lead manager or a group of managers offers a potential issuer of debt securities a firm bid to purchase an undetermined amount of the securities with an interest (coupon) rate and maturity to be announced later.
B) the issuer is given a month or more to accept or reject the bid.
C) if the bid is rejected, the underwriting firm has bought the deal.
D) the underwriter can sell the securities to other investment banking firms for distribution to their clients and/or distribute the securities to its clients.
Answer: D
Comment: The mechanics of a bought deal are as follows. The lead manager or a group of managers offers a potential issuer of debt securities a firm bid to purchase a specified amount of the securities with a certain interest (coupon) rate and maturity. The issuer is given a day or so (maybe even only a few hours) to accept or reject the bid. If the bid is accepted, the underwriting firm has bought the deal. It can, in turn, sell the securities to other investment banking firms for distribution to their clients and/or distribute the securities to its clients. Typically, the underwriting firm that buys the deal will have presold most of the issue to its institutional clients.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.7 what is a bought deal underwriting for a bond issue, and why it is used
3) A consequence of ________ is that underwriting firms need to expand their capital so that they can commit greater amounts of funds to such deals.
A) accepting auction deals
B) rejecting bought deals
C) accepting bought deals
D) rejecting auction deals
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.5 what a registration statement is
4) A variation for underwriting securities is the auction process. In this method, ________.
A) the issuer announces the terms of the issue, and interested parties submit bids for part of the issue.
B) the auction form is mandated for certain securities of regulated public utilities but not for municipal debt obligations.
C) the issuer announces the terms of the issue, and interested parties submit bids for the entire issue.
D) mandated for many municipal debt obligations but not for certain securities of regulated public utilities.
Answer: C
Comment: A variation for underwriting securities is the auction process. In this method, the issuer announces the terms of the issue, and interested parties submit bids for the entire issue. The auction form is mandated for certain securities of regulated public utilities and for many municipal debt obligations. It is more commonly referred to as a competitive bidding underwriting.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.3 the different types of underwriting arrangements
5) In a variant of the auction process, a security is allocated to bidders from the highest bid price (________) to the lower ones (________) until the entire issue is allocated.
A) (highest yield in the case of a bond); (higher yield in the case of a bond)
B) (lowest yield in the case of a bond); (higher yield in the case of a bond)
C) (lowest yield in the case of a bond); (lower yield in the case of a bond)
D) (highest yield in the case of a bond); (lower yield in the case of a bond)
Answer: B
Comment: The security is then allocated to bidders from the highest bid price (lowest yield in the case of a bond) to the lower ones (higher yield in the case of a bond) until the entire issue is allocated.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.3 the different types of underwriting arrangements
6) Suppose that an issuer is offering $600 million of a bond issue, and nine bidders submit the following yield bids:
Which of the below statements is FALSE?
A) The first five bidders (A, B, C, D, and E) will be allocated the amount for which they bid because they submitted the lowest-yield bids. In total, they will receive $595 million of the $600 million to be issued.
B) After allocating $420 million to the highest three bidders, then $180 million can be allocated to the next two highest bidders.
C) The lowest bidders will receive an amount proportionate to the amount for which they bid.
D) After allocating $595 million to the highest bidders, then $5 million can be allocated to the next lowest bidders.
Answer: B
Comment: If we allocate $420 million to the highest three bidders, then $180 million cannot be allocated to the next two highest bidders because they only have bid for $175 million.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.8 what a competitive bidding underwriting is
7) When all bidders buy the amount allocated to them, then the auction is referred to ________.
A) as a multiple-price auction or a Dutch auction.
B) as a single-price auction or a German auction.
C) as a single-price auction or a Dutch auction.
D) as a multiple-price auction or a German auction.
Answer: C
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.8 what a competitive bidding underwriting is
8) Which of the below statements is FALSE?
A) The value of a right can be found by calculating the difference between the price of a share before the rights offering and the price of a share after the rights offering.
B) The difference between the price before the rights offering and after the rights offering expressed as a percentage of the original price is called the concentration effect of the rights issue.
C) Value of a right = Share price rights on - Share price ex rights
D) Value of a right = Price before rights offering - Price after rights offering
Answer: B
Comment: The difference between the price before the rights offering and after the rights offering expressed as a percentage of the original price is called the dilution effect of the rights issue.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.9 what a rights offering for the sale of common stock is
9) Which of the below statements is FALSE?
A) Using an auction allows corporate issuers to place newly issued debt obligations directly with institutional investors rather than follow the indirect path of using an underwriting firm.
B) By dealing with just a few institutional investors, investment bankers argue, issuers cannot be sure of obtaining funds at the lowest cost.
C) A preemptive right grants existing shareholders the right to buy some proportion of the new shares issued at a price below market value.
D) For the shares sold via a preemptive rights offering, the underwriting services of an investment banker are needed.
Answer: D
Comment: For the shares sold via a preemptive rights offering, the underwriting services of an investment banker are not needed.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.8 what a competitive bidding underwriting is
4 Private Placement of Securities
1) In addition to underwriting securities for distribution to the public, securities may be placed with a limited number of institutional investors such as ________.
A) insurance companies.
B) investment companies.
C) pension funds.
D) All of these
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
2) ________ are the major investors in private placements.
A) Life insurance companies .
B) Credit Unions.
C) Pension funds.
D) Auto insurance companies.
Answer: A
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
3) The Securities Act of 1933 does not provide specific guidelines to identify what is a
________.
A) private security.
B) public placement.
C) public offering.
D) private offering.
Answer: D
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
4) In 1982, the SEC adopted Regulation D,which ________.
A) exempts securities sold only within a state.
B) states that if the offering is for $1 million or less, the securities need not be registered
C) sets forth the guidelines that determine if an issue is qualified for exemption from registration.
D) exempts from registration "transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering." Answer: C
Comment: Public and private offerings of securities differ in terms of the regulatory requirements that the issuer must satisfy. The Securities Act of 1933 and the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 require that all securities offered to the general public must be registered with the SEC, unless there is a specific exemption. The Securities Acts allow three exemptions from federal registration. First, intrastate offerings–that is, securities sold only within a state–are exempt. Second, there is a small- offering exemption (Regulation A). Specifically, if the offering is for $1 million or less, the securities need not be registered. Finally, Section 4(2) of the 1933 act exempts from registration "transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering." At the same time, the 1933 act does NOT provide specific guidelines to identify what is a private offering or placement. In 1982, the SEC adopted Regulation D, which sets forth the guidelines that determine if an issue is qualified for exemption from registration.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
5) Investment banking firms assist in the private placement of securities by ________.
A) working with the issuer and potential investors on the design and pricing of the security.
B) lining up the investors but not designing or pricing the issue.
C) designing the issue but not lining up the investors or pricing the issue.
D) participating in the transaction on a fixed efforts underwriting arrangement
Answer: A
Comment: Investment banking firms assist in the private placement of securities in several ways. They work with the issuer and potential investors on the design and pricing of the security. Often, it has been in the private placement market that investment bankers first design new security structures. Field testing of many of the innovative securities that we describe in this book occurred in the private placement market. The investment bankers may be involved with lining up the investors as well as designing the issue. Or, if the issuer has already identified the investors, the investment banker may serve only in an advisory capacity. An investment banker can also participate in the transaction on a best efforts underwriting arrangement.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
6) In April 1990, the SEC Rule 144A became effective and ________.
A) eliminated the five-year holding period by permitting large institutions to trade securities acquired in a private placement among themselves by registering these securities with the SEC.
B) eliminated the two-year holding period by disallowing large institutions to trade securities acquired in a private placement among themselves without having to register these securities with the SEC.
C) eliminated the two-year holding period by permitting large institutions to trade securities acquired in a private placement among themselves without having to register these securities with the SEC.
D) added the two-year holding period by permitting small institutions to trade securities acquired in a public placement among themselves without having to register these securities with the SEC. Answer: C
Comment: eliminated the two-year holding period by permitting large institutions to trade securities acquired in a private placement among themselves without having to register these securities with the SEC.
Diff: 2
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.11 the reason for Rule 144A and its potential impact on the private placement market
7) In regards to Rule 144a, which of the below statements is FALSE?
A) Rule 144A encouraged non-U.S. corporations to issue securities in the U.S. private placement market by relaxing the requirement to hold the securities for two years.
B) Rule 144A encourages non-U.S. corporations to issue securities in the U.S. private placement market by relaxing the requirement to furnish necessary disclosure set forth by U.S. securities laws.
C) Rule 144A improved liquidity, reducing the cost of raising funds.
D) Rule 144A improved the liquidity of securities acquired by all institutional investors in a private placement.
Answer: D
Comment: Rule 144A encourages non-U.S. corporations to issue securities in the U.S. private placement market for two reasons. First, it will attract new large institutional investors into the market that were unwilling previously to buy private placements because of the requirement to hold the securities for two years. Such an increase in the number of institutional investors may encourage non-U.S. entities to issue securities. Second, foreign entities were unwilling to raise funds in the United States prior to establishment of Rule 144A because they had to register their securities and furnish the necessary disclosure set forth by U.S. securities laws. Private placement requires less disclosure. Rule 144A also improves liquidity, reducing the cost of raising funds. SEC Rule 144A improves the liquidity of securities acquired by certain institutional investors in a private placement.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.11 the reason for Rule 144A and its potential impact on the private placement market
True/False Questions
1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
1) Because of the low risks associated with the underwriting of securities, an underwriting syndicate and a selling group are rarely formed.
Answer: FALSE
Comment: Because of the risks associated with the underwriting of securities, an underwriting syndicate and a selling group are typically formed.
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.2 the risk associated with the underwriting of a security
2) The gross spread earned by the underwriter depends on numerous factors.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities
3) Depending on the type of underwriting agreement, the underwriting function may expose the investment banking firm to the risk of selling the securities to the public at a price greater than the price paid to the issuer.
Answer: FALSE
Comment: Depending on the type of underwriting agreement, the underwriting function may expose the investment banking firm to the risk of selling the securities to the public at a price less than the price paid to the issuer.
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities 2 Regulation of the Primary Market
1) Rule 415 permits certain issuers to file a single registration document indicating that they intend to sell a certain amount of a certain class of securities at one or more times within the next two years.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.4 how the SEC regulates the distribution of newly issued securities
2) Rule 415 is popularly referred to as the closet registration rule because the securities can be viewed as sitting in the "closet," and can be taken out of the closet and sold to the public without obtaining additional SEC approval.
Answer: FALSE
Comment: Rule 415 is popularly referred to as the shelf registration rule because the securities can be viewed as sitting on a “shelf,” and can be taken off that shelf and sold to the public without obtaining additional SEC approval.
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.6 the impact of the SEC Rule 415 (shelf registration)
3) The time interval between the initial filing of the registration statement and the time the registration statement becomes effective is referred to as the waiting period.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.4 how the SEC regulates the distribution of newly issued securities
3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
1) A corporation can offer existing shareholders new shares in a preemptive rights offering, and using a standby underwriting arrangement, the corporation can have an investment banking firm agree to distribute any shares not subscribed to.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.3 the different types of underwriting arrangements
2) An offering of a new security cannot be made by means of an auction process.
Answer: FALSE
Comment: An offering of a new security can be made by means of an auction process.
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.8 what a competitive bidding underwriting is
3) A rights offering ensures that current shareholders may maintain their proportionate equity interest in the corporation.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.9 what a rights offering for the sale of common stock is
4 Private Placement of Securities
1) Investment bankers will typically work with issuers in the design of a security for a private placement and line up the potential investors.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
2) Congress specifies the conditions that must be satisfied to qualify for a private placement. Answer: FALSE
Comment: The SEC specifies the conditions that must be satisfied to qualify for a private placement.
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
3) A private placement is the distribution of shares to a limited number of institutional investors rather than through a public offering.
Answer: TRUE
Diff: 1
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
Essay Questions
1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
1) Give a description of the underwriter discount including the factors that determine the factors that influence it. Give an example of the underwriting fee for an IPO including the underwriter discount as a percentage of the proceeds raised.
Answer: The fee earned from underwriting a security is the difference between the price paid
to the issuer and the price at which the investment bank reoffers the security to the public. This difference is called the gross spread, or the underwriter discount.Numerous factors affect the size of the gross spread. Two important factors are the type of security and the size of the offering. The type of security can be classified as initial public offering, secondary common stock offering, and bond offering.
An initial public offering (IPO) is a common stock offering issued by companies that had not previously issued common stock to the public. For example, in September 22, 2006, DivX, Inc. issued an IPO for 9,100,000 shares of common stock at a price to the public of $16.00 per share. The total amount raised was therefore $145,600,000. The underwriting discount (and commissions) was $1.12 per share or $10,192,000. As a percentage of proceeds raised, the underwriting discount was 7%. The range for a public offering is typically between 4.5% and
7.5% of the amount issued, with the lower end of the range being for large IPOs.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.1 The Traditional Process for Issuing New Securities
Objective: 13.1 the role investment bankers play in the distribution of newly issued securities
2 Regulation of the Primary Market
1) What is the waiting period? What do underwriters do during the waiting period?
Answer: The time interval between the initial filing of the registration statement and the time the registration statement becomes effective is referred to as the waiting period: (also called the "cooling-off period"). During the waiting period, the SEC does allow the underwriters to distribute a preliminary prospectus. Because the prospectus has not become effective, its cover page states this in red ink and, as a result, the preliminary prospectus is commonly called a red herring. During the waiting period, the underwriter cannot sell the security, nor may it accept written offers from investors to buy the security.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.2 Regulation of the Primary Market
Objective: 13.4 how the SEC regulates the distribution of newly issued securities
3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
1) Demonstrate how a rights offering works. In your illustration, demonstrate the effect on the economic wealth of shareholders and how the terms affect an issuer's need for an underwriter. Answer: To demonstrate how a rights offering works, the effect on the economic wealth of shareholders, and how the terms set forth in a rights offering affects whether or not the issuer will need an underwriter, we will use the following illustration. Suppose that the market price of the stock of XYZ Corporation is $20 per share and that there are 30,000 shares outstanding. Thus, the capitalization of this firm is $20 × 30,000 = $600,000. Suppose that the management of XYZ Corporation is considering a rights offering in connection with the issuance of 10,000 new shares. Each current shareholder would receive one right for every three shares owned. The terms of the rights offering are as follows: for three rights and $17 (the subscription price) a new share can be acquired. The subscription price must always be less than the market price or the rights will not be exercised. In our illustration, the subscription price is 20
3$ = 0.15 or 15% below the market price.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.9 what a rights offering for the sale of common stock is
2) In addition to the number of rights and the subscription price, there are two other elements of a rights offering that are important. Name and briefly describe these two elements.
Answer: The first element is the choice to transfer the rights. This is done by selling the right in the open market. This is critical since, as we will see, the right has a value and that value can be captured by selling the right.
The second element is the time when the right expires (that is, when it can no longer be used to acquire the stock). Typically, the time period before a right expires is short.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.3 Variations in the Underwriting Process
Objective: 13.9 what a rights offering for the sale of common stock is
4 Private Placement of Securities
1) The Securities Acts allow three exemptions from federal registration. Describe two of these three exemptions.
Answer: The Securities Acts allow three exemptions from federal registration. First , intrastate offerings –that is, securities sold only within a state –are exempt. Second , there is a small- offering exemption (Regulation A). Specifically, if the offering is for $1 million or less, the securities need not be registered. Third , Section 4(2) of the 1933 act exempts from registration "transactions by an issuer not involving any public offering." At the same time, the 1933 act does not provide specific guidelines to identify what is a private offering or placement.
Diff: 3
Topic: 13.4 Private Placement of Securities
Objective: 13.10 the advantages and disadvantages from an issuer's perspective of a private placement
证券从业金融市场基础知识必背内容：数字篇 一、金融市场体系 1.1983年9月国务院决定中国人民银行专门行使中央银行的职能，1992年成立了中国证券监督管理委员会、1998年成立了中国保险监督管理委员会、2003银监会正式挂牌运作，标志着中国金融业形成了“三驾马车”式的垂直分业监管体制，自此“一行三会”的监管架构正式形成。 2.2004年5月，经国务院批准，中国证监会批复同意深圳证券交易所在主板市场内设立中小板块。 3.2001年7月16日正式开办三板市场，官方名称是“代办股份转让系统”。 4.上海证交所成立于1990年11月26日，同年12月19日开业，归属中国证监会直接管理。 5.深圳证交所成立于1990年12月1日，1991年7月3日正式营业。 6.股票型上市公司：在最近3年内无重大违法行为，财务会计报告无虚假记载;开业在3年以上，最近3年连续营利。 7.债券型上市公司：公司债券的期限为1年以上。 8.全国中小企业股份转让系统股票挂牌条件：依法设立且存续满2年。 9.全国中小企业股份转让系统投资者条件，对于个人投资者：具有2年以上证券投资经验。 10.区域性股权交易市场(又称区域性市场、区域股权市场、第四板市 场)2008年天津股权交易所的成立，是此次浪潮开始的标志性起点。
二、证券市场主体 1.中国人民银行从2003年起开始发行中央银行票据，期限从3个月到三年不等。 2.2007年9月29日，中国投资有限责任公司(简称中投公司)正式挂牌成立。 3.企业年金基金不得直接投资于权证，但因投资股票、分离交易可转换债等投资品种而衍生获得的权证，应当在权证上市交易之日起10个交易日内卖出。 4.证券公司监管制度中的信息报送与披露制度要求：信息报送制度，应当自每一个会计年度结束之日起4个月内，向中国证监会报送年度报告，自每月结束之日起7个工作日内送月度报告。 5.证券资产管理业务人员具有证券从业资格，且无不良行为记录，其中具有3年以上证券自营、资产管理或者证券投资基金管理从业经历的人员不少于5人。 6.证券公司申请融资融券业务资格，应当具备的条件：具有证券经济业务资格;公司最近2 年内不存在因涉嫌违法违规正被证监会立案调查或者正处于整改期间的情形;财务状况良好，最近2 年各项风险控制指标持续符合规定，注册资本和净资本符合增加融资融券业务后的规定;信息系统安全稳定运行，最近1 年未发生因公司管理问题导致的重大事件。 7.IB业务的资格条件：申请日前6个月各项风险控制指标符合规定标准。 8.直投子公司非全资下属机构、直投基金负债期限不得超过12个月，负债余额不得超过注册资本或实缴出资总额的30%。
为适应资本市场创新发展，中国证券业协会决定对证券业从业人员资格考试测试制度实施改革，并将根据证券市场法规变化情况和从业人员管理工作需要适时调整。中国证券业协会已经发布了新的考试测试大纲，具体《金融市场基础知识》考试大纲内容如下： 第二部分金融市场基础知识 目录 第一章金融市场体系 第一节全球金融体系 第二节中国的金融体系 第三节中国多层次资本市场 第二章证券市场主体 第一节证券发行人 第二节证券投资者 第三节中介机构 第四节自律性组织 第五节监管机构 第三章股票市场 第一节股票 第二节股票发行 第三节股票交易 第四章债券市场 第一节债券 第二节债券的发行与承销 第三节债券的交易 第五章证券投资基金与衍生工具 第一节证券投资基金
第二节衍生工具 第六章金融风险管理 第一节风险概述 第二节风险管理 第一章金融市场体系 第一节全球金融体系 掌握金融市场的概念；熟悉金融市场的分类；了解影响金融市场的主要因素；熟悉金融市场的特点；掌握金融市场的功能。 熟悉非证券金融市场的概念，了解非证券金融市场的分类（股权投资市场、信托市场、融资租赁市场等）。 了解全球金融市场的形成及发展趋势；了解国际资金流动方式；熟悉全球金融体系的主要参与者；了解金融危机的教训。 第二节中国的金融体系 了解建国以来我国金融市场的演变历史；熟悉我国金融市场的发展现状；了解影响我国金融市场运行的主要因素。 了解银行业、证券业、保险业、信托业的有关情况；熟悉我国金融市场“一行三会”的监管架构。 了解中央银行主要职能；熟悉存款准备金制度与货币乘数的概念；掌握货币政策的概念、措施及目标；掌握货币政策工具的概念及作用原理；了解货币政策的传导机制。 第三节中国多层次资本市场 掌握资本市场的分层特性；掌握多层次资本市场的主要内容与结构特征。 熟悉中国多层次资本市场建设的现状与发展趋势；熟悉场内市场的定义、特征和功能；熟悉场外市场的定义、特征和功能；熟悉主板、中小板、创业板的概念、上市公司的类型和管理规定；熟悉全国中小企业股份转让系统的挂牌公司的类型和管理规定；熟悉私募基金市场、区域股权市场、券商柜台市场、机构间私募产品报价与服务系统的概念与特点。 第二章证券市场主体 第一节证券发行人 掌握证券市场融资活动的概念、方式及特征；掌握直接融资的概念、特点和分类；熟悉直接融资与间接融资的区别。
第一部分银行金融基础知识 第一节关于银行的介绍 （一）中央银行：即中国人民银行，简称人行，主要职责：依法制定和执行货币政策；发行人民币，管理人民币流通；监督管理银行间同业拆借市场和银行间债券市场；实施外汇管理，监督管理银行间外汇市场；监督管理黄金市场；持有、管理、经营国家外汇储备、黄金储备；维护支付、清算系统的正常运行；指导、部署金融业反洗钱工作，负责反洗钱的资金监测；负责金融业的统计、调查、分析和预测等工作。 （二）银行业监管机构：中国银行业监管管理委员会见简称银监会即中国银行业监督委员会，2003年成立，主要职责是制定有关银行业的金融机构监管的规章制度和办法，起草有关的法律和行政法规，提出制定和修改的建议；审批银行业的金融机构及分支机构的设立、变更、终止及其业务的范围；对银行业金融机构实行现场和非现场监管，依法对违法违规行为进行查处；审查银行业金融机构高级管理人员任职资格；负责统一编制全国银行数据、报表，并且按照国家有关规定予以公布；会同有关部门提出存款类金融机构紧急风险处置的意见和建议；负责国有重点银行业金融机构监事会的日常管理；承办国务院交办的其他事项。 （三）国家政策性银行：是为确保国家大型基本建设和大宗进出口贸易的顺利完成而设立，并向这些项目提供国家政策性专项贷款的专业银行。其目的是建立健全国家宏观调控体系。国家开发银行（国开行）、中国进出口银行、中国农业发展银行（农发行）。 （四）商业银行 （1）四大商业银行：中国工商银行（工行）、中国银行（中行）、中国建设银行（建行）、中国农业银行（农行）。 （2）股份制商业银行：交通银行（交行）、深圳发展银行（深发展）、招商银行（招行）、中国民生银行、上海浦东发展银行（浦发）、华夏银行、中信银行、兴业银行、中国光大银行、广东发展银行（广发）、渤海银行、浙商银行、恒丰银行。 （3）城市商业银行：基本上各城市都有自己的城市商业银行（前身为城市信用社） （4）各农村商业银行（农商行）及农村信用合作社（农村信用社、农信社 （五）银行机构内部构架：总行—分行—支行—分理处（储蓄所）。 第二节银行结算的总体概述 （一）银行结算业务的产生和意义 （1）银行是经营货币和信用业务的机构，是商品经济发展到一定阶段的产物，随着市场经济的发展，要求银行发挥越来越多的中介服务功能，银行的结算业务就是其中重要的一个内容，是单位、个人在社会经济活动中使用票据、信用卡和汇兑、托收承付、委托收款等结算方式进行货币给付及其资金清算的行为，即银行接受客户委托代收代付，从付款单位存款帐户划出款项，转入收款单位存款帐户，以此完成经济之间债权债务的清算或资金的调拨。 （2）客户到银行存款，除为了资金安全外，更多地是为了利用银行在结算方面的便利，所以银行应积极努力为客户提供优质、方便、快速、安全的结算服务。
第一章金融市场体系 第一节全球金融体系 考点一金融市场的概念 金融市场是指以金融资产为交易对象，已金融资产的供给方和需求方为交易主体形成的交易机制及其关系的总和。广而言之，金融市场是实现货币借贷和资金融通、办理各种票据和有价证券交易活动的市场。比较完善的金融市场定义是：金融市场是交易金融资产并确定金融资产价格的一种机制。 考点二金融市场的分类 考点三影响金融市场的主要因素 一般来说，影响金融市场发展的因素是多方面的，但最为重要的则是以下五个方面：（1）经济因素 （2）法律因素 （3）市场因素 （4）技术因素 （5）体制或管理因素 考点四金融市场的特点和功能
考点五非证券金融市场的概念和分类 非证券金融市场是指除了证券以外的其他金融工具发行和交易的场所。它包括： 1.股权投资市场。股权投资指通过投资取得被投资单位的股份，及企业（或者个人）购买的其他企业（准备上市、未上市公司）的股票或以货币、无形资产和其他事物资产直接投资于其他单位，最终目的是获得较大的经济利益，这种经济利益可以通过分得利润或股利获取，也可以通过其他方式取得。股权投资市场，即实现上述交易过程的市场。 2.信托市场。信托投资是金融信托投资机构用自有资金及组织的资金进行的投资。当信托成为一种商业行为后，特别是其特殊的制度优势成为金融业的重要组成部分后，信托这种服务方式的需求和供给的总和就形成了信托市场，也可以说信托服务业实现其价值的领域即为信托市场。 3.融资租赁市场。融资租赁又称设备租赁或现代租赁，是指实质上转移与资产所有权有关的全部或绝大部分风险和报酬的租赁。 考点六全球金融市场的形成及发展趋势
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2011金融市场期末复习重点(开放) 一、名词解释 1. 货币市场：是指以期限在一年以内的金融工具为交易对象的短期金融市场。其主要功能是保持金融工具的流动性，以便随时地将金融工具转换成现实的货币。 2. 机构投资者：是指用自有资金或者从分散的公众手中筹集的资金专门进行有价证券投资活动的法人机构。 3．开放型投资基金：指原则上只发行一种基金单位，发行在外的基金单位或受益凭证没有数额限制，可以随时根据实际需要和经营策略而增加或减少。 4. 保险利益：是投保人或被保险对保险标的具有的经济利益，是保险合同生效的前提条件。投保人对保险标的所具有的保险利益必须是合法的、现实存在的、可以用货币采计量的利益。 5. 机构投资者：是指用自有资金或者从分散的公众手中筹集的资金专门进行有价证券投资活动的法人机构。 6. 保险代理人：是根据保险人的委托，在其授权范围内代为办理保险业务，并向保险人收取代理手续费的单位或个人。保险代理人的行为后果由保险公司负责。 7．资本市场：是指以期限在一年以上的金融工具为交易对象的中长期金融市场。一般来说，资本市场包括两个部分：一是银行中长期存贷款市场，二是有价证券市场。但人们通常将资本市场等同于证券市场。 8. 投资基金：是通过发行基金券（基金股份或收益凭证），将投资者分散的基金集中起来，由专业管理人员分散投资于股票、债券、或其他金融资产，并将投资收益分配给基金持有者的一种投资制度。 二、单项选择题 1．按承保风险性质不同，保险可以分为（A）。 A．财产保险和人身保险 B．个人保险和团体保险 C．原保险和再保险 D．自愿保险和法定保险 2．一般而言，开放型基金按计划完成了预定的工作程序，正式成立（B）后，才允许投资者赎回。 A．1个月 B．3个月 C．6个月 D．12个月3．影响证券投资基金价格波动的最基本因素是（A）。 A．基金资产净值 B．基金市场供求关系 C．股票市场走势 D．政府有关基金政策 4．利率期货的基础资产为价格随市场利率波动的（B）。 A．股票产品 B．债券产品 C．基金产品 D．外汇产品5．从股票的本质上讲，形成股票价格的基础是（A）。 A．所有者权益 B．供求关系 C．市场利率 D．股息收益6．按（D）划分为货币市场、资本市场、外汇市场、保险市场、衍生金融市场。 A．交易范围 B．交易方式 C．定价方式 D．交易对象7．影响汇率变动的经济因素不包括（D）。 A．国际收支状况 B．通货膨胀率差异 C．利率差异 D．心理预期8．衡量货币市场共同基金表现好坏的标准是（A）。 A．基金投资收益率 B．基金净资产值 C．基金价格 D．基金组合
商业基础知识 业态： 一、百货类：零售商场；一般分为传统百货和购物中心，其区别如下： 1、传统百货： 经营理念：经营商品； 经营面积：不大（一般在2万平米以下） 经营范围：购物 范例商场：中南商业大楼 2、购物中心 经营理念：经营品牌，提供服务； 经营面积：很大（一般在2万平米以上） 经营范围：购物 餐饮娱乐 物业管理 范例商场：武汉广场 二、量贩店： 经营目标：商品 与百货的区别： 1、百货： 一般而言一定有仓库，柜台上只存放少数商品 以零售为主 面向家庭用户 2、量贩量：以仓为店（开在比较偏僻的地方，地价比较便宜，交通比较方便） 以批量销售为主 面向小商贩、企业（一般会引进会员价来进行经营） 定价上面会考虑批量的问题（价随量变） 范例商场：武商百盛量贩店 三、小超市（便民店） 范例商场：汉商赵家条店 四、连锁店： 连锁店的优点：大量进货以争取供应商的最低进价； 连锁店可分为连锁零售商场和连锁量贩店，其主要区别如下： 1、连锁零售商场： 经营方式：以零售为主 面向对象：家庭用户 定价方面：零售价 经营品种：齐全；生鲜熟食很少 核算体制：在零售商场没有上电脑系统均为售价核算，上了电脑
系统的有一些转为进价核算； 配送：各单店独立采购，独立核算（缺陷：不利于集中进货、 监控；由于进货批量不足而造成进价无法压制；且在 进货环节有漏洞）；配送中心只对骨干商品进行配送， 其它商品由各单店独立进货；配送中心和单店均设有 仓库； 范例商场：中百百货连锁公司（中心百货大楼、车站路商场、青 山商场） 2、连锁量贩店： 经营方式：以批量为主 面向对象：以会员为主 定价方面：零售价、会员价、批量价、组包价 管理方面：全条码管理、组包销售 经营品种：以食品、小百货为主；很多生鲜、熟食（采用电子秤收 银） 核算体制：一般而言都会采用进价核算 配送：配送中心有仓库，而各分店无仓库；各分店无采购权（要 进货全都由配送中心统一进货），统一核算，对卖场封锁 进价； （生鲜食品与一般食品的区别为：一般食品没有加工过程，但生鲜、熟食一般均有加工过程；目前我们的系统中没有考虑加工过程，只管总进价金额及总售价金额，以此来计算利润是多少；但以后我们要考虑这个过程） 范例商场：中百仓储（唐家墩购物中心、二七购物中心、珞师路购 物中心等） 商业企业的管理方法： 一、传统管理：（一般不用电脑进行管理） 三级管理、二级核算（即承包制） 例如：商场开业一般分为十几个部门，这些部门由于在传统的商业中缺乏计算机系统的介入，对于有五、六万品种的商场来说，最高领导层不可能对所有的商品进行决策和管 如上图所示：三级管理是指管理到柜组；二级核算是指核算到商场 蔽病：1、出现部门间的利益冲突； 2、利润完成得很好时，部门容易贪污；
提供 第一章 总论 考情分析 本章是会计基础考试中比较重要的一章，也是考生入门会计关键的一章。本章的概念较多，也比较抽象，考生对本章掌握的程度直接影响对后面章节的理解和把握。考试涉及各种题型，最近三年考试平均分为 7 分。本章的学习难度较大，要求考生牢记一些基本的知识点。 第一节 会计概述 一、会计的概念及特征 （一）会计的概念 1. 会计管理活动论认为，会计的本质是人们为了适应生产管理、企业管理和经济管理的需要而产生和发展起来的，是一种经济管理活动。 【例题 · 判断题】（ 2010 年）会计的本质是一种管理活动。（ ） 『正确答案』√ 2. 会计信息系统论把会计的本质理解为一个经济信息系统。 （背）会计是以货币为主要计量单位，运用一系列专门方法，核算和监督一个单位经济活动的一种经济管理工作。 （二）会计的基本特征 （背）这些专门方法包括设置会计科目及账户、复式记账、填制和审核会计凭证、登记账簿、成本计算、财产清查、编制会计报表，这是会计管理活动区别于其他经济管理活动的重要特征之一。 二、会计的基本职能 （背）会计的基本职能为核算与监督。 （一）会计的核算职能 会计的核算职能是以货币为主要计量单位 . 通过对特定主体的经济活动进行（背）确认、计量、记录与报告，提供财务状况、经营成果、现金流量以及其他相关经济信息的目的。（背）核算职能是会计最基本的职能，它反映的是资金运动情况。从内容上讲，它体现了（背）记账、算账、报账三个阶段。 （二）会计的监督职能 会计的监督职能是对经济活动的合法性和合理性实施的审查。 （背）会计监督分为内部监督和外部监督。其中外部监督又分为国家监督和社会监督。会计监督分为事前监督、事中监督和事后监督。 【例题 · 单选题】（ 2010 年）会计监督分为（ ）。 A. 国家监督和社会监督 B. 内部监督和外部监督 C. 内部监督和社会监督 D. 国家监督和外部监督 『正确答案』 B
金融市场基础知识真题 测试及答案 Modified by JACK on the afternoon of December 26, 2020
2016年金融市场基础知识真题测试及答案 一、单项选择题 1.证券交易市场通常分为（）和场外交易市场。 A.证券交易所市场 市场 C.地方股权交易中心市场 股市场 【答案】A【解析】证券交易市场分为证券交易所市场和场外交易市场。 2.在Ms=m×B中，m是货币乘数，B是基础货币，Ms是（）。 A.虚拟货币 B.货币供给 C.名义货币 D.货币需求
【答案】B【解析】货币供给(量)等于基础货币与货币乘数之积。即：Ms=m×B，其中，Ms表示货币供给(量);m表示货币乘数;B表示基础货币。 3.下列各项中，属于专门为投资者买卖人民币特种股票而设置的账户是（）。 股账户 B.基金账户 C.期权账户 股账户 【答案】D【解析】人民币特种股票账户简称B股账户，是专门用于为投资者买卖人民币特种股票(即B股，也称境内上市外资股)而设置的。 4.优先认股权是指当股份公司为增加公司资本而决定增加发行新的股票时，原普通股股东享有的按其持股比例，以（）优先认购一定数量新发行股票的权利。 A.低于市场价格的任意价格 B.高于市场价格 C.与市场价格相同的价格
D.低于市场价格的某一特定价格 【答案】D【解析】优先认股权是指当股份公司为增加公司资本而决定增加发行新的股票时，原普通股股东享有的按其持股比例、以低于市价的某一特定价格优先认购一定数量新发行股票的权利。 5.下列不属于股票特征的是（）。 A.收益性 B.风险性 C.流动性 D.保本性 【答案】D【解析】股票具有以下特征：收益性、风险性、流动性、永久性和参与性。 6.对股份有限公司而言，发行优先股票的作用在于可以筹集 （）的公司股本。 A.长期稳定 B.中短期 C.中期 D.短期
一些历史：1984年，我国出现企业债券 1990年11月，我国第一家证券交易所——上海证券交易所上市（中国最早开办 债券交易）1991年7月，深圳证券交易所上市 1991年，证券业协会成立 1992年，证监会成立 股票起源于荷兰，基金起源于英国，债券信用评级起源于美国。 1、货币政策最终目标：稳定物价：物价上涨率 5% 以下，2%-3% 为宜 充分就业：失业率 4% 2、上市公司：股票型上市公司：资本总额>=3000万 发行股份>=25% 资本总额 若资本总额>4亿，向社会公开发行>10% 开业>3年，连续盈利，无重大违法行为 债券型上市公司：债券期限>1年 债券发行额>=5000万 股份有限公司净资产>=3000万 有限责任公司净资产>=6000万 设立股份有限公司，发行人数为2—200人 全体人员首次出资额不得低于注册资本20% 3、面值超过人民币5000万元的，应由承销团承销 4、证券公司信息报送制度要求会计年度结束之日起4个月内报送 每月结束之日起7个工作日内报送 5、证券公司资产管理业务：公司净资本>=2亿 限定性集合资产管理计划的净资本限额为3亿 非限定性集合资产管理计划的净资本限额为5亿 3年以上自营资产管理或投资基金管理人>=5人 定向资产管理单个客户资产净值>=100万 集合限定性，单个客户资产净值>=5万非限定>=10万 投资于权益及股票类，不能超过计划资产净值20% 6、证券公司中介介绍（IB）业务：总部5名，营业部2名，期货从业资格 7、直接投资：直投基金负债期限不得超过12个月 负债余额不得超过注册资本或实缴出资额的30% 8、律师事务所从事证券法律，20名执业律师，其中5名从事过证券2年 最近2年未因违法执业行为受到行政处罚 9、会计师事务所申请证券资格的条件：成立5年以上，合伙制或特殊的普通合伙制 注册会计师>=200人，执证执业5年以上>=120人 年龄<=65岁 净资产>=500万 累计赔偿限额和职业风险基金之和>=8000万 上一年度业务收入>=8000万其中审计业务>=6000万 合伙人>=25人，半数以上执业3年以上 10、注册会计师申请资格：取得注会1年，不超过60岁，3年无违法违规 11、证券、期货投资咨询业务资格的机构条件：同时从事，10名以上从业资格 分别从事，5名以上从业资格
金融市场学难点知识点 1、分析金融监管的必要性。 金融业属于资本密集型行业，容易造成自然垄断。这种高垄断很有可能导致金融产品和 金融服务的消费者付出额外的代价，因此，政府从金融产品的定价和金融业的利润水平方面对金融业实施监管应该是有理由的。 另外，由于金融产品或者证券产品的信息特性，使得金融产品或者证券产品的交易双方 之间极有可能出现严重的信息不对称，从而影响金融市场的效率。因此，上市公司或者金融产品发行者的信息披露制度就成为证券监管和金融监管中不可或缺的组成部分，成为证券 监管制度的核心，世界上任何一一个国家的证券法规都赋予上市公司某种持续性信息披露 的义务，即上市后的股份有限公司负有公开、公平、及时地向全体股东披露一切有关其公司重要信息的持续性责任。 最后，虽然个别金融产品或者证券产品的消费效用为购买该金融产品或者证券产品的 个别消费者所享用，是一种私人产品。但是，由全部金融产品或者证券产品的集合所构成的综合效用，却具有强烈的外部性，会影响到每一个金融产品或证券产品消费者(即投资者)的 利益，因此，可以把金融产品或者证券产品的综合效用看成是一种公共产品。因此，对这种带有公共产品特性的金融产品实施必要的政府监管是完全符合经济学原理的。 2、股票的发行方式一般可分为公募和私募两类公募是指向市场上大量的非特定的投资 者公开发行股票。 其优点是：可以扩大股票的发行量，筹资潜力大；无需提供特殊优厚的条件，使发行人具 有较大的经营管理独立性；股票可在二级市场上流通，从而提高发行人的知名度和股票的流动性。其缺点有：工作量大，难度也大，通常需要承销商的协助；发行人必须向证券管理机关办理注册手续；必须在招股说明书中如实公布有关情况以供投资者作出正确决策。 私募是指只向少数特定的投资者发行股票，其对象主要有个人投资者和机构投资者，如 内部职工、大的金融机构或与发行人有密切业务往来的公司.私募具有节省发行费、通常不 必向证券管理机关办理注册手续、有确定的投资者而不必担心发行失败等优点，但存在须向投资者提供高于市场平均条件的特殊优厚条件、发行者的经营管理易受干预、股票难以转让等缺点。 3、金融市场主体之一——企业：企业是经济运行的微观基础，也是金融交易的主体。 需要了解以下要点： 1）．企业的运营是与资金的运营紧密结合的； 2）．从总体讲企业是金融市场上最大的资金需求者，从金融市场上筹措资金来保证企业 的运营和发展。但在特殊时空，企业的短期闲置资金也用于金融市场的投资。 4、金融市场主体之二——政府： 1）．政府是金融市场上主要的资金需求者，一般通过一级市场发行筹措； 2）．政府既是交易者也是监管者的双重身分。 5、金融市场主体之三——金融机构：金融机构在市场上具有特殊地位。它既是市场上 的中介机构，也是资金的供给者和需求者。同时还是政府货币政策的传递和承担者。
《金融市场基础知识》必记数字类考点汇总 第一章：金融市场体系 1.股票型上市公司必须符合下列条件：股票经国务院证券监督管理部门批准已公开发行；公司股本总额不少于人民币3000万元；公开发行的股份占公司股份总数的25%以上；股本总额超过4亿元的，向社会公开发行的比例10%以上； 2.债券型上市公司应当满足的条件：公司债券的期限在1年以上；公司债券实际发行额不少于5000万元；股份的净资产不低于人民币3000万元，有限责任公司的净资产不低于人民币6000万元”。 3.设立股份，应当有2人以上200人以下的发起人。股份采取发起设立方式设立的，全体发起人的首次出资额不得低于注册资本的20%。 4.1983年9月国务院决定中国人民银行专门行使中央银行的职能，1992年成立了中国证券监督管理委员会、1998年成立了中国保险监督管理委员会、2003银监会正式挂牌运作，标志着中国金融业形成了“三驾马车”式的垂直分业监管体制，自此“一行三会”的监管架构正式形成。 5.2004年5月，经国务院批准，中国证监会批复同意证券交易所在主板市场设立中小板块。 6.2001年7月16日正式开办三板市场，官方名称是“代办股份转让系统”。
7.证交所成立于1990年11月26日，同年12月19日开业，归属中国证监会直接管理。 8.证交所成立于1990年12月1日，1991年7月3日正式营业。 9.区域性股权交易市场（又称区域性市场、区域股权市场、第四板市场）2008年天津股权交易所的成立，是此次浪潮开始的标志性起点。 第二章：证券市场主体 1.证券资产管理业务：证券公司从事资产管理业务，公司净资本不低于2亿元，且各项风险控制指标符合有关监管规定，设立规定性集合资产管理计划的净资本限额为3亿元，设立非限定性集合资产管理计划的净资本限额为5亿元。 2.证券公司设立限定性集合资产管理计划的，接受单个客户的资金数额不得低于人民币5万元；设立非限定性集合资产管理计划的，接受单个客户的资金数额不得低于人民币10万元。 3.申请证券评级业务许可的条件：具有中国法人资格，实收资本与净资本资产均不少于人民币2000万元。
《金融市场基础知识》课程标准 适用专业投资与理财修读学期第3学期制订时间20161108 课程代码MJ17009B 课程学时54 课程学分 3 课程类型 B (理论+实践) 课程性质必修课课程类别专业核心课 对应职业资格证或内容证券从业资格证书 合作开发企业东莞证券 执笔人陈星合作者王雷审核人李建 一、课程定位 本课程是投资理财专业核心专业课程之一，在第三学期开设，是投资理财专业学生综合应用所学知识(基础会计、财务管理和财务会计)，打造就业技能的一门重要课程。针对高职专业学生的特点，在本课程日常教学中争取做到理论教学以应用为目的，课堂专业教学加强针对性和应用性。以职业能力培养为主线，使教学内容按照能力培养目标进行重组、整合与优化，教学方法体现能力培养，广泛采用“案例”、“参与式”、“讨论式”和“启发式”等教学形式。此外基于职业能力培养，面向岗位任职需要，在课程功能上注重学生专业技术应用能力和职业素质的培养，构建与证券投资理论教学密切结合的实践课程体系，以做到强化技能、增强能力，提升职业素质，提高学生的就业竞争力和实际工作能力。 二、课程设计思路 在教学中努力突出高职教育层次的个性特征，按照高技能人才培养的特点要求确定知识、技能要求，主要由操作技能、专项能力训练、岗位见习和社会综合实践等模块组成。日常教学的实践环节占教学总周数的比例为30％以上。 在教学中突出实训的内容。实训课内容主要通过上市公司的案例，结合授课教师在教授的相应章节内容来进行相应的分析。这部分内容没有现成的答案，需要学生综合运用所学证券投资知识，通过任务项目驱动的方式加上授课教师给予的指导，充分引导学生发挥主观能动性和创新能力，以有利于学生综合能力的培养。 三、课程学习目标 （一）专业能力目标 通过本课程的学习，了解金融市场的概念与产生、发展，掌握证券市场主体及其职能;掌握股票、债券、证券投资基金以及金融衍生工具有关知识，了解证券市场的运行、证券中介机构运作、金融市场监管等内容。 （二）方法能力目标
2019年证券从业资格考试金融市场基础 知识模拟试题 、本机构网站及其他公众媒体向社会公告。 A.30;中国证监会;中国证监会 B.30;中国证监会;中国证券业协会 C.20;中国证监会;中国证券业协会 D.20;中国证券业协会;中国证券业协会 16.按照《关于从事证券期货相关业务的资产评估机构有关管理问题的通知》的规定，资产评估机构申请证券评估资格，净资产不少于()万元。 A.500 B.300 C.200 D.100 17.证券金融公司根据国务院的决定设立，注册资本不少于()亿元。 A.100 B.80 C.60 D.50
18.下面关于对于公司制证券交易所的说法不正确的是()。 A.是以有限公司形式组织并以营利为目的的法人团体，一般由金融机构及各类民营公司组建 B.交易所章程中明确规定作为股东的证券经纪商和证券自营商的名额、资格和公司存续期限 C.组织机构与普通股份有限公司相似，由股东大会、董事会、监事会和经理层构成 D.成员公司的雇员可以担任证券交易所的高级职员 19.张某是S 公司的财务总监，代理S 公司购买记名股票，则在被购买股票公司的股东名册上应记载的姓名或名称为()。 A.S 公司的财务总监张某 B.S 公司的法定代表人王某 C.S 公司 D.S 公司的总经理李某 20.通常将那些经营业绩较好，具有稳定且较高的现金股利支付的公司股票称为()。 A.蓝筹股 B.红筹股 C.绩优股 D.金牛股 21.下列()主板上市公司一定无法实现股票增发。 A.甲公司36 个月内受到证券交易所的公开谴责
B.乙公司最近三个会计年度加权平均净资产收益率平均为6% C.丙公司为生产制造型企业，持有一笔占公司总资产51%的可供出售金融资产 D.丁公司公告招股意向书前20 个交易日股票均价为25 元/股，其增发股票的发行价格为26 元/股 22.甲公司公开发行股票5 亿股，有效报价投资者的数量最少为()家。 A.5 B.10 C.20 D.30 23.恒生指数于1985 年推出的分类指数不包括()。 A.金融 B.地产 C.公用事业 D.制造业 24.下列关于利率按是否固定分类，说法正确的是()。 A.固定利率债券不确定性大 B.浮动利率债券可以较好地抵御通货膨胀风险 C.可调利率债券对利率进行不定期的调整 D.可调利率的调整间隔只有6 个月和1 年 25.下列关于金融债券的说法中，有误的是()。
九大外汇的基础知识 外汇市场是全球最大的金融市场，平均每天资金流量远远超过股票、债券等其他金融市场。然而，纵然是神一般的存在，对我们有些人来说，却也是“最熟悉的陌生人”，只闻其威名，不识其真容，更别提参与其中。今天小编就来科普下外汇的九大基础知识。 外汇是指一国持有的外国货币和以外国货币表示的用以进行国际结算的支付手段。 外汇的概念有静态和动态之分。 1、静态概念 外汇的静态概念是指以外国货币表示的可用于国际之间结算的支付手段。这种支付手段包括以外币表示的信用工具和有价证券，如：银行存款、商业汇票、银行汇票、银行支票、长短期政府证券等。 2、动态概念 外汇的动态概念是指把一个国家的货币对换成另外一个国家的货币，借以清偿国际间债权、债务关系的一种专门性的经营活动。它是国际间汇兑的简称。 在这里，需要特别指出的是：有些国家的货币不能在国际市场上自由兑换，所以它在国外只能算外币而不是外汇。 汇率，又称汇价，指一国货币以另一国货币表示的价格，或者说是两国货币间的比价。通常用两种货币之间的兑换比例来表示。 如：USD/CNY=1/7.2456，即美元和人民币的兑换比率是1：7.2456，也可以说是1美元需要用7.2456人民币进行购买。 三、汇率的几个特点 1、以五位数字来显示。 欧元EUR 0.9705 日元JPY 119.95 英镑GBP 1.5237 瑞郎CHF 1.5003 2、最小变化单位为一点，即最后一位数的变化单位。 欧元EUR 0.0001 日元JPY 0.01 英镑GBP 0.0001
瑞郎CHF 0.0001 3、涨跌情况用“点”来描绘 按市场惯例，外汇汇率的标价通常由五位有效数字组成，从右边向左边数过去，第一位称为"X个点"，它是构成汇率变动的最小单位;第二位称为"X十个点"，如此类推。 例如：1欧元=1.1011美元;1美元=120.55日元 欧元对美元从1.1010变为1.1015,称欧元对美元上升了5点 美元对日元从120.50变为120.00，称美元对日元下跌了50点。 四、汇率的标价方式 直接标价法是以本国货币来表示一定单位的外国货币的汇率表示方法。一般是1个单位或100个单位的外币能够折合多少本国货币。目前世界上大多数国家采用直接标价法，我国也采用直接标价法，如美元兑人民币为1:6.4906. 间接标价法是以外国货币来表示一定单位的本国货币的汇率表示方法。一般是1个单位或100个单位的本币能够折合多少外国货币。目前在世界上只有少数国家使用间接标价法，如英磅、欧元、澳元、新西兰元、爱尔兰磅。如对英国来说，英镑对人民币汇率为1：9.4471，这就是间接标价法。 五、主要产品和符号有那些? 按国际惯例，通常用三个英文字母来表示货币的名称或代码。 美元：USD 英镑：GBP 欧元：EUR 日元：JPY 加拿大元：CAD 澳大利亚元：AUD 新西兰元：NZD 六、市场参与者都有谁? 外汇市场的参与者主要包括各国的中央银行、商业银行、非银行金融机构、经纪人公司、自营商及大型跨国企业等。它们交易频繁，交易金额巨大，每笔交易均在几百万美元，甚至千万美元以上。它们参与的动机一般来说有三点： 1)通过贸易和投资，国际企业把国外获取的盈利转变为本国货币。
证券从业金融市场基础知识必背内容：金额篇 一、金融市场体系 1?发行人首次公开发行股票后申请其股票主板上市，应当符合的条件：公司股本总额不少于人民币五千万元；公开发行的股份达到公司股份总数的25%以上; 公司股本总额超过人民币四亿元的，公开发行股份的比例为10%以上。 2.债券型上市公司必须符合的条件：公司债券的实际发行额不少于人民币 5000万元;股份有限公司的净资产不低于人民币3000万元，有限责任公司的净资产不低于人民币6000万元。 3.发行人首次公开发行股票后申请其股票创业板上市，应当符合的条件：公 司股本总额不少于人民币三千万元；公开发行的股份达到公司股份总数的25%以上;公司股本总额超过人民币四亿元的，公开发行股份的比例为10%以上。 二、证券市场主体 1?证券资产管理业务：证券公司从事资产管理业务，公司净资本不低于2亿元，且各项风险控制指标符合有关监管规定，设立规定性集合资产管理计划的净 资本限额为3亿元，设立非限定性集合资产管理计划的净资本限额为5亿元。 2.证券公司设立限定性集合资产管理计划的，接受单个客户的资金数额不得低于人民币5万元;设立非限定性集合资产管理计划的，接受单个客户的资金数额不得低于人民币10万元。 3.会计师事务所申请证券资格的条件：净资产不少于500万元;会计师事务所 职业保险的累计赔偿限额与累计职业风险基金之和不少于8000万元;上一年度业务收入不少于8000万元，其中审计业务收入不少于6000万元。
4?申请证券、期货投资咨询机构具备的条件：有100万元人民币以上的注册
5.申请证券评级业务许可的条件：具有中国法人资格，实收资本与净资本资产均不少于人民币2000 万元。 6.资产评估机构申请条件：净资产不少于200万元;最近3 年评估业务收入合计不少于2000 万元，且每年不少于500 万元。 7.证券金融公司的组织形式为股份有限公司，注册资本不少于人民币60 亿元，注册资本应当为实收资本，其股东应当用货币出资。 8.证券登记结算公司的设立条件：自有资金不少于人民币 2 亿元。 9.向不特定对象发行的证券票面总值超过人民币5000 万元的，应当由承销团承销。承销团由主承销商和参与承销的证券公司组成。 三、股票 首次公开发行股票并上市的发行人的财务指标应满足的要求：最近三个会计年度净利润均为正数且累计超过人民币3000 万元，净利润以扣除非经常性损益后较低者为计算依据;最近3 个会计年度经营活动产生的现金流净额累计超过人民币5000万元或者近3个会计年度营业收入累计超过人民币3亿元;发行前股本、总额不少于人民币3000 万元。 四、债券 1.中小非金融企业集合票据发行规模要求：任一企业集合票据待偿还余额不得超过该企业净资产的40%，任一企业集合票据募集资金额不超过2 亿元人民币，单只集合票据注册金额不超过10 亿元人民币。 2.证券公司债券的条款设计：公开发行的债券每份面值为100 元;定向发行的债券应当采用记账方式向合格投资者发行，每份面值为50 万元，每一合格投资者认购的债券不得低于面值100 万元。
第一章金融市场 第一节全球金融体系 考点一金融市场的概念 金融市场是指以金融资产为交易对象,已金融资产的供给方和需求方为交易主 体形成的交易机制及其关系的总和。广而言之,金融市场是实现货币借贷和资金融通、办理各种票据和有价证券交易活动的市场。比较完善的金融市场定义是:金融市场是交易金融资产并确定金融资产价格的一种机制。 考点二金融市场的分类 考点三影响金融市场的主要因素 一般来说,影响金融市场发展的因素是多方面的,但最为重要的则是以下五个方面:
(1经济因素 (2法律因素 (3市场因素 (4技术因素 (5体制或管理因素 考点四金融市场的特点和功能 考点五非证券金融市场的概念和分类 非证券金融市场是指除了证券以外的其他金融工具发行和交易的场所。它包括: 1.股权投资市场。股权投资指通过投资取得被投资单位的股份,及企业(或者个 人
购买的其他企业(准备上市、未上市公司的股票或以货币、无形资产和其他事 物资产直接投资于其他单位,最终目的是获得较大的经济利益,这种经济利益可以通过分得利润或股利获取,也可以通过其他方式取得。股权投资市场,即实现上述交易过程的市场。 2.信托市场。信托投资是金融信托投资机构用自有资金及组织的资金进行的投资。当信 托成为一种商业行为后,特别是其特殊的制度优势成为金融业的重要组成部分后,信托这种服务方式的需求和供给的总和就形成了信托市场,也可以说信托服务业实现其价值的领域即为信托市场。 3.融资租赁市场。融资租赁又称设备租赁或现代租赁,是指实质上转移与资产所有权有 关的全部或绝大部分风险和报酬的租赁。 考点六全球金融市场的形成及发展趋势
金融市场基础知识试题及答案 金融市场基础知识试题及答案 第1题：可转换债券通常是指证券持有者可以在一定时期内按一定比例或价格将它转换成一定数量的()。 A.担保债券 B.抵押债券 C.优先股票 D.普通股票 第2题：下列关于地方政府债券的说法中，正确的是()。 A.地方政府债券通常可以分为一般债券和普通债券 B.收入债券是指地方政府为缓解资金紧张或解决临时经费不足而发行的债券 C.普通债券是指为筹集资金建设某项具体工程而发行的债券 D.地方政府债券简称“地方债券”，也可以称为“地方公债”或“市政债券” 第3题：公开发行企业债券，若募集资金用于固定资产投资项目的，累计发行额不得超过该项目总投资的();若募集资金用于补充营运资金的，不超过发债总额的()。 A.60%，30% B.60%，20% C.20%，60% D.20%，20% 第4题：下列关于凭证式国债的表述，错误的是()。
A.采取“随买随卖”的方式进行交易 B.承销商通过开具凭证式国债收款凭证的方式进行发售 C.利率按实际持有天数分档计付 D.凭证式国债是一种可上市流通的储蓄型债券 第5题：关于债券的票面价值，下列描述正确的是()。 A.在债券的票面价值中，只需要规定债券的票面金额 B.票面金额定得较小，发行成本也就较小 C.票面金额定得较大，有利于小额投资者购买 D.债券票面金额的确定要根据债券的发行对象、市场资金供给情况及债券发行费用等因素综合考虑 第6题：证券发行人是指为筹措资金而发行债券、股票等证券的发行主体，其主要包括()。 A.政府和政府机构、公司 B.中央政府、地方政府、公司 C.政府和中央银行、公司企业 D.政府、金融机构、财政部、公司 第7题：保险公司次级定期债务是指()。 A.保险公司经批准定向募集的、期限在5年以上(含5年)，本金和利息的清偿顺序列于保单责任和其他负债之后、先于保险公司股权资本的保险公司债务 B.保险公司经批准定向募集的、期限在3年以上(含3年)，本金和利息的清偿顺序列于保单责任和其他负债之后、先于保险公司股权资本的保险公司债务
证券市场基本法律法规 第一张证券市场基本法律法规 第二节公司法 1.有限责任公司由1≤股东≤50个以下股东共同出资设立。 2.预先核准的公司名称保留期为6个月。预先核准的公司名称在保留期内，不得用于从事经营活动，不得转让。 以募集方式设立股份有限公司的，应当与创立大会结束后30日内向公司等级机关申请设立等级（股款缴足之日起30日内主持召开公司创立大会）。 3.公司担保的特殊规定：在议决表决时，被担保人不得参加表决。决议的表决由出席会议的其他股东所持表决权的过半数通过，方为有效。 4.股东会或者股东大会、董事会的会议召集程序、表决方式违反法律、行政法规或者公司章程，或者决议内容违反公司章程的，股东可以自决议作出之日起60日内，请求人民法院撤销。 5.代表1/10以上表决权的股东，1/3以上董事，监事会或者不设监事会的公司的监事提议召开临时会议的，应当召开临时会议。 6.召开股东会议，应当与会议召开15日前通知全体股东。 7.股东会议作出修改公司章程、增加或者减少注册资本的决议，以及公司合并、分立、解散或者变更公司形式的决议，在有限责任公司必须经代表2/3以上有表决权的股东通过；在股份有限公司，必须经出席会议的股东所持表决权的2/3以上通过。 8.有限责任公司董事会其成员为3~13人，监事会成员不得少于3人。股东人数较少或者规模较小的有限责任公司，可以设1至2名监事，不设监事会。 9.董事、监事任期有公司章程规定，但每届任期不得超过3年，可选任可以连任。 10.有限责任公司监事会每年至少召开1次会议，监事可以提议召开临时监事会议；股份有限公司董事会每年度至少召开2次，监事会每6个月召开1次。（证券公司董事会每年至少召开2次）。 11.公司外部转让：股东向股东以外的人转让股权，应当经其他股东过半数同意。股东应就其股权转让事项书面通知其他股东征求同意，其他股东自接到书面通知之日起满30日未答复的，视为同意转让。 12.人民法院依法强制转让。人民法院依照法律规定的强制执行程序转让股东的股权时应当通知公司及全体股东，其他股东同等条件下有优先购买权。其他股东自人民法院通知之日起满20日不行使优先购买权的，视为放弃优先购买权。 13.自股东会议决议通过之日起60日内，股东与公司不能达成股权收购协议的，股东可以自股东会议决议通过之日起90日内向人民法院提起诉讼。 14.设立股份有限公司，应当有2人以上200人以下为发起人，其中须有半数以上的发起人在中国境有住所。 15.以募集设立方式设立股份有限公司的，发起人认购的股份不得少于公司股份总数的35%。 16.股东大会应当每年召开一次年会，有下列情形之一的，应当在2个月内召开临时股东大会：