高考英语复习第3讲代词和数词
[深化认知]
一、人称代词的四点注意
1．人称代词有主格和宾格之分，主格在句中通常作主语，宾格在句中作宾语、表语和同位语等成分。
主格I you he she it we you they
宾格me you him her it us you them Tom is a student. He works very hard.
Tom是一名学生，他学习非常努力。
He has a dog to keep him company.
他有一条狗陪伴他。
2．人称代词指代的数前后要一致。
The students must be made to understand how important each subject is to them.(them指代the students)
必须使学生明白每门功课对他们来说多么重要。
3．句中没有谓语动词或在句中与动词不定式连用，人称代词常用宾格。
—I'd like to go to climb the mountain this weekend.
—Me too.
——这个周末我想去爬山。
——我也想去。
What! Me (to) play chess with him? No!
什么！让我和他下国际象棋？不要！
4．在比较级的句子中，than, as后用主格、宾格皆可。
To tell the truth, Lucy is more qualified for the job than she/her.
说实话，露西比她适合这份工作。
Not having heard of it before, Tom is as surprised as he/him.
以前没听说过这件事，汤姆和他一样吃惊。
二、物主代词的四大常识
1．物主代词分为形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词，形容词性物主代词在句中通常作定语，名词性物主代词在句中可作主语、宾语和表语等成分。
形容词性物主
my our his her its their your 代词
名词性物主代
mine ours his hers its theirs yours 词
The students are doing their homework.
学生们在做作业。
Your room is big while mine is small.
你的房间大，而我的房间小。
2．形容词性物主代词不与a, an, this, that, these, some, any, several, no, each, such, another 等词同时修饰一个名词，但在双重所有格中可同时修饰一个名词。
a friend of mine我的一个朋友
each sister of his他的每一个姐姐
3．介词＋the＋身体部位，此处不能用形容词性物主代词代替the。
The policewoman took the thief by the arm.
那个女警察抓住了小偷的胳膊。
4．当物主代词与all和both连用时，必须放在all和both之后。
With all their homework finished, the children went home happily.
做完所有的作业后，孩子们高高兴兴地回家了。
三、反身代词的三种句法功能
反身代词包括oneself, himself, herself, itself, themselves, yourself, yourselves, myself, ourselves，在句中可作宾语、表语和同位语等成分。
1．作宾语
(1)常用在to, by, for, of, in, between, among等介词后。
You shouldn't keep the story to yourself.
你不应该独享这个故事。(to oneself“独自享用”)
You shouldn't leave the child by himself at home.
你不应把孩子独自留在家里。(by oneself“独自”)
One should not live only for oneself.
人不应该单为自己而活。(for oneself“为自己”)
We don't need to call him; he will wake up of himself.
我们没必要叫他，他自己会醒的。(of oneself“自动地”)
(2)用来构成固定搭配
devote oneself to致力于
dress oneself 自己穿衣
enjoy oneself 过得愉快
boast oneself 自夸
help oneself to 随便吃，随便用
hide oneself 把自己藏起来
make yourself at home 不拘束
say to oneself 心里想
seat oneself 坐下
teach oneself 自学
come to oneself 苏醒
behave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌
apply oneself 致力于
2．作表语、同位语
用于be, feel, seem, look等后作表语，表示身体或精神处于正常状态；用作同位语时，主要用于加强被修饰词的语气，可紧跟在被修饰名词后或句末。
I am not feeling myself today, not serious, though.
我今天不太舒服，但不严重。
(2013·全国卷Ⅱ写作)I made them myself with red silk threads, cloth and other materials.
它们是我自己用红丝线、布条和其他材料制成的。
四、几组常见代词的辨析
1．both, all, either, any, neither, none
(2013·either of them very much.
我在纽约和芝加哥住过，但它们中的任何一个我都不喜欢。
Because Henry and Mark had to work, neither of them came yesterday.
因为亨利和马克要工作，所以昨天两人都没来。
My brother would like to buy a good watch but none was available from that shop.
我哥哥想买一块好表，但是在那家店里没有一块合适的。
2．it, that, one, those
我喜欢这座前面有花园的房子，但是我没有足够的钱来买它。
(2013·辽宁高考单选)To her joy, Della earned first the trust of her students and then that of her colleagues.
令黛拉高兴的是，她首先赢得了她的学生的信任，然后又赢得了同事的信任。
We have various summer camps for your holidays. You can choose one based on your own interests.
我们为你们的假期准备了各种各样的夏令营，你们可以根据自己的兴趣选择一个。
Studying Wendy's menu, I found that many of the items are similar to those of McDonald's.
研究了温迪的菜单，我发现其中很多东西和麦当劳的相似。
3. other, the other, another, others, the others
Neither side is prepared to talk to the other unless we can smooth things over between them.
除非我们能够消除他们之间的矛盾，否则他们双方都不打算与对方讲话。
(2014·浙江高考阅读D)I sat on the edge of the street and watched enviously the other boys on the block play baseball.
我坐在街道旁，羡慕地看着其他男孩在街上打棒球。
Never will they give up the courage to have another try.
他们从来没有放弃再次尝试的勇气。
Being annoyed with others easily will be harmful to your health, so keep a good-tempered character all the time.
易发脾气对健康有害，所以要一直保持好脾气。
4．none, nothing, no one/nobody
有些人宁愿骑自行车，因为骑自行车没有乘坐公共汽车的麻烦。
Nothing in the world can delight me so much as having hamburgers in fast food restaurants.
世界上没有什么比到快餐店吃汉堡包更令我高兴的了。
With no one to turn to in such a frightening situation, she felt very helpless.
由于在这么恐怖的环境中无人可以求助，她感到非常无助。
五、it的用法
1．指天气、时间、距离、环境等。
It often rains here in summer.(表示天气)
这里夏天经常下雨。
It is twenty miles from here to the village.(表示距离)
从这里到那个村庄有20英里路。
2．代替前面提过的事物。
—What's in the picture?
—It is a cat.
——图画里是什么？
——是一只猫。
3．当说话者不清楚或没必要知道说话对象的性别时，也可用it来表示。
Someone is knocking at the door. Who can it be?
有人在敲门。有可能是谁呢？
4．用作形式主语或形式宾语，代替不定式、动名词或从句。常用于下列句型：
(1)it作形式主语的常用句型：
①It＋be＋adj./n. (＋for/of sb.)＋不定式
It is important for us to know our limitations.
对于我们来说知道我们的局限性是很重要的。
②It is no good/no use/useless doing sth.
It is no use crying over the spilt milk.
覆水难收。
③It's (well) worth doing ...
④It＋be＋名词词组(a pity/a fact/no wonder/...)/adj.＋that从句
It is a pity that you failed to pass the driving test.
真遗憾你没通过驾照考试。
⑤It＋特殊动词(seems/appears/turned out/occurred to sb./...)＋that从句
(2014·陕西高考任务型阅读)Suddenly it occurred to Majorcans that the island no longer belonged to them.
马略卡岛上的人们忽然意识到这个岛屿不再属于他们。
⑥It＋be＋过去分词＋that从句
It is reported that a terrible earthquake happened in this area.
据报道，该地区发生了一次可怕的地震。
⑦It＋takes/took＋(sb.) some time/some money to do sth.
It took the baby an hour or so to calm down.
小宝宝闹了大约一小时才平静下来。
(2)it作形式宾语的常用句型：
①主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋adj./n. (＋for/of sb.)＋to do/that从句
(2015·江苏高考写作)What's worse, some drivers, cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey traffic rules.
更糟的是，一些司机、骑自行车者和行人不认为遵守交通规则重要。
②主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋useless/worth/worthwhile/no use/no good/a waste of time (money/energy ...)＋doing ...
I feel it a waste of time discussing the thing with him.
我觉得和他讨论这件事是在浪费时间。
③主语＋think/believe/suppose/consider/feel/make/keep ...＋it＋important/necessary/natural/essential＋that ... (should) do ...
I believe it necessary that you (should) go over your homework before you hand it in.
我认为你有必要在交作业之前先检查一遍。
5．用于like, enjoy, hate, love, appreciate等表示喜欢、情感的动词以及depend on/upon, see to等动词短语后，再接when, if, that等引导的从句。
I'd appreciate it if you would give me the opportunity. I'm looking forward to your early reply.
如果你给我机会我会感激不尽，盼望你早日答复。
You may depend on it that they will be there in time.
你不用怀疑，他们会及时到达那里。
[典题在线]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ语法填空)A few hours before, I'd been at home in Hong Kong, with its (it) choking smog.
2．(2015·天津高考单选)The quality of education in this small school is better than that in some larger schools.
3．(2015·福建高考单选)The research group produced two reports based on the survey, but neither contained any useful suggestions.
4．(2015·陕西高考单选)To warm himself, the sailor sat in front of the fire rubbing one bare foot against the other．
5．(2015·四川高考单选)Niki is always full of ideas, but none is useful to my knowledge.
6．(2015·重庆高考单选)The meeting will be held in September, but nobody knows the date for sure.
7．(2014·大纲卷单选)—Who's that at the door?
—It is the milkman.
8．(2014·辽宁高考语法填空)Raise your leg and let it stay in the air for seconds.
9．(2014·山东高考单选)Susan made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.
10．(2014·陕西高考单选)I'd appreciate it if you could let me know in advance whether or not you will come.
11．(2014·福建高考单选)In some countries, people eat with chopsticks, while in others,_knives and forks.
12．(2014·安徽高考单选)You can ask anyone for help. Everyone here is willing to lend you a hand.
13．(2012·广东高考语法填空)“Do you need those glasses for medical reasons？”The teacher asked ...Then he took them off, gave a big smile and said, “That's cool.”
14．(上海高考单选)If our parents do everything for us children, we won't learn to depend on ourselves ．
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)We must find ways to protect your environment.your→our 2．(2015·陕西高考短文改错)My soccer coach retired last week. I wanted to do anything special for him at his retirement party.anything→something
3．(2014·陕西高考短文改错)My uncles immediately jumped up and shot their arrows at the bird. Neither of the arrows hit the target.Neither→None
4．We can stay there for a few days and visit some relatives of me.me→mine
5．There is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.There→It
6．Some of us carried the apples to the truck, and other put the baskets onto the truck.other→others
7．We asked John and Jerry, but both of them could offer a satisfactory explanation.both→neither
8．Some college teachers who teach three classes consider themselves less successful than that who teach only one or two, or none in all.that→those
9．There is a No.2 trolley bus and a No.24 bus; any will take you there.any→either
10．We had to do the washing, cleaning and shopping by https://www.doczj.com/doc/261070878.html,→ourselves
[深化认知]
一、基数词的用法
1．表示在某人几十岁时，用“in one's＋逢十的基数词的复数形式”，如in his twenties“在他二十几岁时”，in his thirties“在他三十几岁时”，in his forties“在他四十几岁时”，但“十几岁”不可表示为tens，而要说成teens，指13岁至19岁。
He looked quite healthy though he was in his seventies.
虽然他七十多岁了，但他看上去很健康。
2．用表示年份的阿拉伯数字加-s/-'s或用逢十的基数词的复数表示年代，用early, mid-和late分别表示某一年代的初期、中期和晚期。
in the early 1920s/1920's在20世纪20年代初期
in the early twenties 在20年代初期
in the mid-eighties 在80年代中期
in the late 1980's 在20世纪80年代晚期
[名师指津]通常用逢整“十”的基数词的复数形式来表示某人的大约年岁或世纪中的年代，与物主代词或冠词连用，表示年龄时用物主代词one's，表示世纪和年代时用定冠词the。
3．用在another, all, such之后，more, other等之前。
He stayed in China for another ten years.
他又在中国住了十年。
Such a dictionary is enough.
这样一本字典就足够了。
二、序数词的构成和用法
1．序数词的构成：一般在基数词后加-th。注意以下特殊变化：
(1)one→first, two→second, three→third, five→fifth, eight→eighth, nine→ninth, twelve→twelfth，其中first, second, third的缩写形式分别为1st, 2nd, 3rd。
(2)以y结尾的基数词，将y改为i，再加-eth，如：twenty→twentieth, fifty→fiftieth, ninety→ninetieth。
2．序数词表示编号、顺序时，放在名词前，同时要使用定冠词对其进行修饰。此处，“名词(首字母往往大写)＋基数词”也可表示编号。
the first lesson＝Lesson 1第一课
the second part＝Part 2 第二部分
3．注意下列情况序数词前冠词的使用。
(1)表示“再，又”时，用不定冠词。
He cast his net a second time.
他又撒了一次网。
[名师指津]序数词前加冠词a/an, the的意义区别：
序数词前用the时，表特指，表次第；序数词前用a/an时，表泛指，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如a third含有“再一”的意思，the third的意思是“第三个”。如：
I want to eat a third egg.
我想再吃一个鸡蛋。(含有“已经吃了两个”的意思)
I want to eat the third egg.
我想吃第三个鸡蛋。(有可能第一、第二个是别人吃的)
(2)表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常省略定冠词。
She was (the) third in the exam.
她考试得了第三名。
(3)序数词用作副词时，其前不用冠词。
First come, first served.
先来的先接待。
(4)序数词前已有指示代词、形容词性物主代词、名词所有格、every等作定语时，不用
定冠词。
I got a beautiful skirt on my fifteenth birthday.
在我15岁生日时，我得到了一条漂亮的裙子。
(5)序数词用在由“序数词＋名词”构成的形容词中时，其前不用定冠词。
There is a five-star hotel over there.
那儿有一家五星级的宾馆。
(6)在一些固定短语中序数词前不加冠词。
at first (起初), at last (最后), first of all (首先，第一), from first to last (自始至终), at first sight (初次见面时), second to none (首屈一指的), on second thought(s) (又一想，转念一想)
三、使用数词时应注意的问题
1．表示“增加或减少了……”时，用“by＋倍数/百分数”；而表示“增加或减少到……”时，用“to＋基数词”。
Last year the price of daily necessities went up by 15 percent.
去年日用品的价格上涨了15%。
In their school the number of students who have poor eyesight increases to 400.
在他们学校，近视的学生的数量增加到了400。
2．数词与名词构成的形容词作定语放在名词前时，名词与数词之间要加连字符。
It's a five-minute walk from the library to the playground.
从图书馆到操场步行要五分钟。
3．表示时间、距离时，可以用含数词的名词短语的所有格形式作定语。
five days' holiday五天的假期
two hours' drive 两小时的车程
4．hundred, thousand, million, dozen, score的用法
(1)当这些词与具体数字连用时，不加复数词尾-s，后面也不接介词of。但score这个词特殊，其后可加of也可不加of。
I want three score (of) eggs.
我要60个鸡蛋。
(2)当这些词不与具体数字连用，表示不确定的数目时，其后要加复数词尾-s及介词of，才能接名词。若不接名词，则不加介词of。
I've read it dozens of times.
我读过它几十次。
(3)当这些词与a few, several, many等表示不确定数的词连用时，带不带复数词尾-s均可，但是要注意：若不带复数词尾-s，其后的介词of可以省略；若带复数词尾-s，则其后的介词of不能省略。
There I saw several hundreds of foreign guests.
＝There I saw several hundred foreign guests.
在那儿我见到了数百位外宾。
(4)当这些词后面的名词被the, these, those等表示特指的限定词修饰时，或其后接的是us, them等人称代词时，其后必须加介词of。
two dozen of them它们中的两打
five hundred of the workers 这些工人中的五百人
5．“every＋数词＋名词”表示“每/每隔……”的用法
(1)“every＋基数词＋可数名词复数”意为“每……(基数词所表示的数目)，每隔……(基数词所表示的数目减1)”。
If I work in the garden, I have to sit down and rest every five minutes.
如果我在园子里劳动，我每5分钟/每隔4分钟就得坐下来休息。
(2)“every＋序数词＋可数名词单数”意为“每……(序数词对应的基数词)，每隔……(序数词对应的基数词减1)”。
He sees Ann every third week.
他每三周/每隔两周见安一次。
(3)表示“每……，每隔……”时，还可以用以下表达形式：
①every＋few＋可数名词复数“每隔几……”(需注意：此处few不能用a few)。
②every＋other＋可数名词单数(＝every second＋可数名词单数＝every two＋可数名词复数)“每两……，每隔一……”。
[典题在线]
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．There are hundreds (hundred) of people in the hall.
2．He became a professor in his thirties (thirty)．
3．(2016·成都一模)It was in the 1960s.
4．(2016·太原五中模拟)The second is what I really need.
5．We've tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time?
6．In the 1870's when Marx was already in his fifties，he found it important to study the situation in Russia, so he began to learn Russian.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．There were hundred of people on the beach.hundred→hundreds
2．There I saw several hundreds foreign guests.在hundreds后面加of
3．(2016·云南毕业班统考)Two hundreds students went there.hundreds→hundred
4．The bottle had been about three-quarter full then.three-quarter→three-quarters
对点集训即时巩固·提升知能
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2016·黄山七校联考)I've always wanted an iPhone 6 and I've just saved enough money to buy one．
2．(2016·济南高三模拟)—Can I ask you a few straightforward questions about yourself?
—Sure. I like it when people are open and direct.
3．The cultural background of China is totally different from that of the US.
4．There are two roads leading to the power station along the river. You can take either of the roads.
5．(2016·辽宁省五校协作体高三联考)—Would you like to go shopping with me on Saturday or Sunday?
—I'm sorry. Neither will suit me. I'll be away on business during that period.
6．If none of you is against the plan, we will carry it out immediately.
7．(2016·太原质检)—Will you take these shoes?
—No, they don't fit me. Show me some others．
8．She provided all sorts of services, but none of them met with Harry's requirements.
9．Millions (million) of dollars have gone into the building of this factory.
10．Today is my grandfather's sixtieth (sixty) birthday.
Ⅱ.单句改错
1．(2016·四川德阳诊断)I wonder if you can tell me something about myself, your family and daily school.myself→yourself
2．Please pay more attention to the related information of the contest and take an active part in them on time.them→it
3．(2016·海口高三调研)Do you want to know why we moved last week？Dad lost his job, and as Mom explained, “He was lucky to find other one.”other→another
4．Having been in the city for so a long time, we were so happy to go to the countryside.第一个so→such
5．However, there are problems with this method. Sometimes we may find difficult to follow the teacher and some slow learners may even give up learning English.find后加it 6．My first tour was terrible. The old bus was not air-conditioned, and it was in the middle of summer, so that was really uncomfortable to be inside the bus.that→it
7．I sincerely hope you can give us a chance. I'm looking forward to your early https://www.doczj.com/doc/261070878.html,→me 8．(2016·东北三省四市联考)I apologized and controlled me at my best till the dinner started.me→myself_
9．Three quarter of the students have passed the exam.quarter→quarters
Ⅲ.语法填空
(2016·石家庄高三质检)What on earth does happiness mean? I can't give you its exact definition, but I'm sure if you love and help 1.others,_you'll get it.
I'll never forget an old lady. She lives in 2.a small house alone. It's said that her husband and her son died in a road accident years ago. Her life is bitter, but she often helps others with a smile. Whenever it snows, she is always the 3.first (one) to clean the paths.
She looks after several children living nearby. I am one of them. I often remember the stories she told us and her kind smiles. Perhaps she is unlucky, but I think she is a happy person. Her life is full of laughter and love.
But I'm sad to see some people getting their happiness 4.in bad ways. They talk 5.noisily (noisy) in cinemas and meeting rooms; they destroy trees to enjoy 6.themselves and they laugh at others' shortcomings. Perhaps they feel happy at that time, 7.but they will never get true happiness because they 8.have_lost (lose) their personality already.
Now I know what happiness is. 9.It means kindness, love and unselfishness. Above all, I have come to understand that 10.bringing (bring) happiness to others is making ourselves happy.
2021届初中英语中考语法重难考点讲义 数词&代词（含练习与答案） 数词 01 基数词 “基数词+ 单数可数名词(+形容词)”可构成复合形容词，词与词之间要加连字符。 “基数词+hundred/thousand/million”表示确切数目；hundreds/thousands/millions of表示泛指的数目。表示在某世纪的某个年代或在某人几十岁时，常用逢十的基数词的复数形式表达。 02 序数词 序数词表示顺序，前面一般需加定冠词the，如the first day；序数词可与不定冠词a(n)连用，表示“又一，再一”，如 a second time。 03 分数
表示分数时，分子用基数词，分母用序数词。当分子大于1时，分母要用复数形式。 “分数+ of + 限定词+ 复数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式；“分数+ of + 限定词+ 不可数名词/单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。 经典习题 1.The building has___floors and we live on the___floor. A.thirtieth;three B.thirty;third C.thirty;three D.thirtieth;third 2.—Food safety has become one of the hottest topics recently.—Yeah, it receives___Internet hits a day. A.thousands B.thousands of C.thousand D.thousand of 3.—Don’t give up! Perhaps___hard task needs more of your effort. —I won’t. I’ll have___second try any way. A.an;a B.the;a C.a;the D.the;the 4.—Mum,___of the apples___gone bad.
专题三名词、冠词、代词和数词 综合演练 Ⅰ.语法填空 (2018山东德州夏津一中高三第一次月考) Woodblock paintings(木版画)are often hung at homes during the Chinese Lunar New Year. For many Chinese, the bright-colored paintings are quite time-limited. As soon as the festival comes to an end, these print works will be at once thrown away.1, these short-lived New Year paintings require a year of hard work by the artists, many of 2 have devoted their entire life to this traditional folk art. Yang Luoshu, a 92-year-old man from Weifang City, Shandong Province, is3 those who have had a great love of the art. Yang has worked as 4 craftsman for 77 years, and has kept improving his carving skills with every piece of work. Yangjiabu New Year woodblock paintings, which Yang has fallen in love with, 5(appear) in the Ming Dynasty. As a national cultural heritage, it is now one of China's three 6(representative) of traditional folk paintings for the New Year, together with Tianjin's Yangliuqing and Suzhou's Taohuawu. 7(run) a centuries-old folk art family workshop named Tongshunde, Yang has carved all kinds of images, including flowers, birds, mountains, rivers and traditional Chinese gods. But he realized that something must be changed 8 (make) sure handmade New Year paintings live on. “We are now thin king about development, allowing the paintings to be more 9(create),” he said. For him, the next thing to do is to find qualified successors to ensure that the skills 10(pass) to younger generations. 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6.7.8.9.10. 答案 [语篇解读]本文为记叙文。文章介绍了木版画大师杨洛书的故事。
代词和数词 1. He was already in _______when he settled down in the little southern town in________. A. his sixty; the fifties B. his sixties; fifties C. his sixties; the fifties D. sixty; fifty 2. During _______ this famous scientist found the way of discovering the new chemical element. A. the later 1920's B. the late 1920s C. later 1920's D. late 1920s 3. _________people have placed an order so far for the imported fruits which are sold_________. A. A score; by dozen B. A score of; by the dozen C. Scores of; in the dozen D. A score; in dozens 4. The stars appear small because they are_________ miles away from the earth. A. several thousands of B. several thousand of C. several thousands D. several thousand 5. According to WHO, the number of the new influenza HlNl confirmed cases has continued to increase and almost ________have died of it. A. three thousand of people B. three thousands people C. three thousands of people D. three thousand people 6._______ , a rich and powerful country cut down its trees to gain itself an empire. A. Two thousands years before B. Or so two thousands years ago C. Two thousand years or so ago D. Two thousand years ago nearly 7. One half of a number is 17 more than one third of that number. What is that number? A. 52. B. 84. C. 102. D. 204. 8. The professor asked each of the students to pick one article from the journals and write a _______ summary after reading. A. two thousand words B. two-thousands-word C. two-thousand-word D. two-thousand words 9. — Did you buy anything at the clothing sale? — Y es, I bought three ________ties for just twelve dollars. A. five dollars B. five-dollars C. five-dollar D. fifth dollar 10. When I went to the computer course on________ for the first time, I made up my mind to learn to use computer. A. July twentieth-first B. July the twenty-first C. the twenty-first of July D. both B and C 11. He said he would be back in_______ hours, but I have been waiting for almost the whole morning. A. two and half an B. two and a half C. half and two D. two a half 12. Most English people have_______ names: ________, a middle name and the family name. A. three; first B. three; a first C. the three; the first D. the third; one first 13. The library in the school isn't large. There are only _______books in it. A. five thousand five hundred and forty-one B. five thousands and five hundreds and forty-one C. five thousands, five hundred forty and one D. five thousand, five hundreds and fourth-one 14. Though there is Fair Pay Day, which calls for equal pay for equal work, most women make,on
高考英语语法专题复习 三、代词 知识要点： 代词是代替名词、名词短语或句子的词。代词可分为人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、不定代词、疑问代词、相互代词、连接代词、关系代词等九类。 一、人称代词 人称代词在句中可以用作主语(用主格，如I, you, he, she, it, we, they, 等)和宾语(用宾格，如me, you, him, her, it, us, them等)： 人称代词的用法: 注：(1)在电话中或It is/was...that/who...强调句型中被强调部分做主语时，用主格： ---Is that Mr. Li? ---Yes. This is he. It’s I who did it. 这是我干的。 (2)单独使用的人称代词通常用宾格： “I’m tired.” “Me too.” “我累了。”“我也累了。”“Who wants this?” “Me.” “谁要这个？”“我要。” (3)有时用主格或宾格会导致意思的变化： I like you better than he. 我比他更喜欢你。为I like you better than he likes you. I like you better than him. 我喜欢你胜过喜欢他。为I like you better than I like him. (4)人称代词的排列顺序：单数人称代词通常按“二三一”排列，即you, he and I； 复数人称代词通常按“一二三”排列，即 we, you and they：You, he and I are of the same age. 你，他和我都是同一年龄。 We , you and they are all good citizens. 我们，你们和他们都是好公民。 但若用于承担责任或错误等场合，则可把第一人称 I 置于其他人称代词之前： Tom and I hope to go there. 汤姆和我想去那儿。I and Tom are to blame. 我和汤姆该受批评。 但是，you and I 是固定结构，语序通常不宜颠倒。 (5)人称代词后跟名词同位语。有些人称代词后有时可跟同位语： These small desks are for us students. 这些小课桌是给我们学生的。 We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子常一起去看电影。 He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。 二、物主代词 物主代词分形容词性物主代词(my, your, his, her, its, our, your, their)和名词性物主代词(mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, yours, theirs)。形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，置于名词前，作定语；名词性物主代词相当于“形容词性物主代词+名词”，在句中作主语、宾语、表语、连用of作定语：His son is taller than hers. 他的儿子比她的儿子高。 Ours is a great country. 我们的国家是一个伟大的国家 Her son is a friend of ours. 她的儿子是我们的朋友。 This is your pen. Mine is in the box. 这是你的铅笔，我的在铅笔盒里。 注：(1) a friend of mine (ours, yours, hers, his, theirs)结构 (2) 物主代词与own 连用。表强调。也可用of one’s own置于名词后作定语： Mind your own business. 别管闲事。
高考英语代词知识点专项训练(6) 一、选择题 1．I dislike ________when Jim said the UN was not a worthy organization, ________ bringing everyone closer together. A．one; one B．it; one C．one; which D．it; which 2．-Who can I tum to for help in face of difficulty，Mom？ --My darling，if not___________，anybody else？ A．me B．I C．mine D．myself 3．The British Prime Minister was forced to make an important decision. ___________many would refuse to accept. A．that B．the one C．one D．those 4．The movie is not quite as good as the play ____ was adapted from. A．that B．which C．it D．what 5．________ was a desperate race against time to land the plane before it ran out of fuel. Fortunately, the young pilot made it eventually. A．It B．This C．What D．As 6．The two girls are so alike that strangers find ________ difficult to tell one from the other. A．it B．them C．her D．that 7．______ remains doubtful ______ this is an important discovery. A．That; whether B．That; that C．It; whether D．It; that 8．The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper. A．it B．those C．one D．that 9．Theoretically, there are many solutions to such a problem, but it is not easy to find________easy to put into practice. A．that B．one C．it D．the one 10．— How much salt did you put in the soup? 11．A s the busiest woman in Norton, she made _____ her duty to look after all the other people’s affairs in that town. A．this B．it C．that D．one 12．To qualify for the job, . A．a high school diploma is needed B．it is required that one has a high school diploma C．one needs a high school diploma D．a diploma from high school is necessary 13．（2014·全国大纲卷）I think Mrs. Stark could be _______ between 50 and 60 years of age. A．anywhere B．anybody C．anyhow D．anything 14．All _____ made _____ possible for China to succeed in carrying on its reforms and open-door policy.
英语代词的用法讲解及练习题 1. 人称代词主格、宾格形式及其主要用法； 2. 名词性物主代词与形容词性物主代词的形式、区别及其主要用法； 3 反身代词的形式、意义及其主要用法； 4 常见不定代词的一般用法； 5. 指示代词的一般用法，并了解其在上下文中的指代用法； 6. 相互代词的基本用法； 7. 疑问代词的基本用法。 8. 关系代词的基本用法。 【名师点睛】 代词是代替名词、形容词和数词的词。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、指示代词、反身代词、相互代词、疑问代词、不定代词和关系代词等。 一。人称代词 1.人称代词的人称、数和格。 2.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如： I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him？（作宾语） 3.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。如： ---Whos is knocking at the door？ ---It’s me. 4.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。如： He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二。物主代词 1.表示所有关系的代词叫物主代词。物主代词分形容词性物主代词和名词性 物主代词。 2. 形容词性物主代词的作用相当于形容词，可在句中作定语。例如： Our teacher is coming to see us. This is her pencil-box. 3. 名词性物主代词的作用相当于名词，在句中可用作主语、宾语和表语。 Our school is here，and theirs is there.（作主语） --- Is this English-book yours？（作表语） --- No. Mine is in my bag. I‘ve already finished my homework. Have you finished yours？（作宾语） 三。指示代词 指示代词包括：this，that，these，those。
Unit 2 代词 this that , those, these指示代词在句中作主语, 宾语, 表语, 等等比如That is a red car.那是一辆红色汽车。Which do you like? I like this.，你喜欢哪一个? 我喜欢这个 疑问代词：表示“谁(who),谁 (whom),谁的(whose),什么(what), 哪个或哪些 (which)”等词叫疑问代词。 疑问代词的用法:疑问代词用于特殊疑问句中，疑问代词一般放在句子的最前面。例子： Who is that in blue dress? 穿着蓝色裙子的那个人是谁? Whom are you looking for? 你在找谁。。 all, any, another, both, each, every, either, every, few, little, many, much, no, none, either, one, other, some以及由 some, any, no, every 和 body, one, thing 构成的复合词。 比如说That's all I know. 这就是我知道的。some any的主要用法 Do you have any books? 你有书吗? I have some books。 You can come at any time. 你什么时候都可以来。sometimes some time sometime ? 这几个词是什么意思呢？？ do you want some coffee? 喝点咖啡吗？或would you please give me some bread? 复合代词 5. The maths problem ______ is wrong. A. himself B. ourselves C. itself D. herself 6. “Who‘s that at the door?” “ _____ is John.” A. it B. he C. this D. she 4.Won’t you have _____ tea? A. any B. a C. some D. every 5. Here are trees on ____ sides of road. A. both B. either C. each D. every 16. ___ of us would agree with you. A. Someone B. No one C. Nobody D. None 19. ____ is knocking at the door. A. One B. Someone C. Anyone D. Something 17. Don't eat ____ food. A. too many B. too much C. much too D. many too 18. _____ of them is on the team. A. neither B. nobody C. both D. all
【英语】高考英语代词专题训练答案及解析 一、单项选择代词 1．Li Hua’s parents hold different opinions on whether they should have ________ child. A．another B．other C．others D．the other 【答案】A 【解析】 试题分析：考查不定代词。句意：李华的父母在是否应该再有一个孩子的问题上持不同的看法。another指不定数目中的“另一个，又一个；other意思是“另外的,其他的”,修饰复数名词；others泛指“另外的人或物”；the other通常指两个中的“另一个”。根据句意，故选A。 考点：考查不定代词 2．The population of China is larger than ________ of the United States. A．this B．that C．these D．those 【答案】B 【解析】 考察代词用法。That指代不可数名词或者可数名词单数，后面有定语修饰，表示特指。本句的that指代population; those指代可数名词复数形式，后面也有定语修饰，表示特指。 3．The enemy troop could hardly make any advance, and ________ could they fall back. A．neither B．so C．either D．both 【答案】A 【解析】 本题考查代词。根据could they fall back用倒装结构和句意，故用否定词neither，故选A 4．They have done much of the work; when will ________ be finished? A．the rest B．the other C．another D．the others 【答案】A 【解析】 答案：A代词用法。the rest可指代前面的不可数名词work, 而其它三项均不可指代不可数名词。 5．If I have ever feared death before, it was ______ compared to how I felt as the roller coaster that moved faster and faster. A．anything B．something C．nothing D．everything 【答案】C
数词 I.定义与分类 数词是指表示数目多少或顺序先后的词。表示数目多少的数词叫基数词，如one, five, ten, thirty, sixty-five 等；表示顺序先后的数词叫序数词，如first, sixth, tenth, twenty-first 等。数词用法相当于名词和形容词，在句中可用作主语、宾语、表语、定语、同位语等。 II. 基数词 1. 英语中没有“万”这个读数单位，要表示汉语中的“万”，英语需借用thousand一词，如“一万”用“十个千”表示(ten thousand)，“十万”用“一百个千”表示(one hundred thousand)。 2. 用作基数词单位的hundred, thousand, million, billion 通常不带复数词尾-s，但若用于表示数百、数千、数百万这样的泛指，则用复数。如： About two thousand people died in the earthquake. 大约有两千人在地震中丧生。Thousands of people go to the seaside every year. 每年成千上万的人到海滨去。 3. 表示整十的基数词用复数形式可以表示人的大约岁数或年代。如： He is in his early twenties. 他才二十出头(from 。 This took place in the 1930s. 这事发生在20世纪30年代。 III. 序数词 1. 许多序数词是由相应的基数词后加词尾-th构成的，如four / fourth，six / sixth，ten / tenth，sixteen / sixteenth，但是nine变为序数词是ninth，而不是nineth。 2. twentieth, thirtieth, fortieth 等表示整十的序数词，由相应的基数词将词尾y改为ie，再加-th 构成。 3. first, second, third 通常可缩写为1st, 2nd, 3rd。凡是以th结尾的序数词可缩写为“基数词+th”：4th, 5th, 9th, 11th, 60th, 128th等。 4. 非整十的多位数，将个位数变成序数词即可：twenty-first(第21)，thirty-sixth(第36)，ninety-ninth(第99)，three hundred and sixty-fifth(第365)等。 5. hundred, thousand, million 等序数词形式为hundredth, thousandth, millionth 等。 6. 序数词前通常要用定冠词，但表示考试或比赛等的名次时，通常可省略其前的定冠词。如： My room is on the second floor and his on the third. 我的房间在三楼，他的房间在四楼。 He was (the) third in the exam. 他考试得了第三名。 注：有时序数词前不用定冠词，而用不定冠词，表示次第在原有基础上的增加。如：We’ll have to do it a second time. 我们得再做一次(from 。 序数词前用定冠词和不定冠词的区别在于：定冠词表特指，不定冠词表泛指，有类似another 的意思，但比another 的意思更明确。 IV. 分数、倍数、小数和百分数 1. 分数。 (1)分数由基数词和序数词构成：分子用基数词，分母用序数词，当分子超过“1”时，分母用复数。如： two thirds=2/3 three fifths=3/5 注：1/2 通常读作 a [one] half，一般不读作a second；1/4 可读作 a [one] fourth，也可读作 a [one] quarter。
第三讲名词、代词、数词 考点一名词的构词法 在空白处填入括号内单词的正确形式： https://www.doczj.com/doc/261070878.html,pared with the traditional trade mode, they don't have to spend money in renting a house. However, there are still some_______(advantage) in online shopping. 【答案】disadvantages 【解析】句意：与传统的贸易模式相比，他们不必花钱租赁房屋。然而，网上购物仍然有一些缺点。由However 可知，这里与上一句形成转折，介绍网购的缺点disadvantage是可数名词，和some搭配，应用复数形式。 2 . China's industrial output is expected to rise by around 6.5 percent this year , marking the best______(perform)since 2010,because the Made in China 2025 strategy(策略）helps to raise productivity and revenue(税收）. 【答案】performance 【解析】句意：预计今年中国的工业产出将增长6.5%左右，这是自2010年以来的最佳表现，因为中国制造2025战略有助于提高生产率和税收。mark为及物动词，其后缺少宾语，空前又有形容词最高级修饰，故此处应填perform的名词形式performance。 2.Three factors have greatly contributed to the ______(grow): the depth of the story,traditional Chinese elements and emotions of the characters. 【答案】growth 【解析】空格处作介词to的宾语，空前又有定冠词the,故填grow的名词形式growth。 3.The online books will be renewed and enriched gradually according to readers' borrowing habits and ________(prefer). 【答案】preference(s) 【解析】句意：根据读者的借阅习惯和偏好，网上图书将会逐渐更新和充实。空格处与and前的borrowing habits并列，都由readers'修饰，指读者的借阅习惯和偏好，故填名词。preference在此处既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。 5. When his mom couldn't afford to buy him a toy panda he badly wanted, he wrote a pitiful note on the toy's box begging other _______(stop) not to buy it . 【答案】shoppers
名词 一、名词的分类 名词即表示人或物名称的词，它分为专有名词和普通名词两大类。具体可看表：类别意义例词 专有名词表示人、地方、事物、机构、组织等 名称的词Lucy, China, the Great Wall, the Great Hall of the People 普通名词可数名 词 个体名词表示个体的人或事物的词dictionary, pencil, chair, window 集体名词表示一群人或一些事物的词Family, police, class, group, team 不可数 名词 物质名词表示构成各种物体的物质或材料的 词 Rice, glass, water, porridge, paper, air, wood,wheat, steel 抽象名词表示状态、品质、行为、感情等抽象 概念的词 Knowledge, danger health, life, homework, interest, love 动动脑筋，观察一下： car ——cars ，student ——students ，book——books designer——designers airplane——airplanes water, bread, paper, tear, 二、可数名词的复数形式 1、名词按其所表示的事物的性质分为可数名词（Countable Noun）和不可数名词（Uncountable Noun），可 数名词又有单数和复数两种形式。 练一练：把下面的名词变成它的复数形式 season_______form________plan_________bus______watch_______tomato_________ hobby_________ city__________ toy________ monkey________wife________ leaf________ man________woman_______ sheep______mouse_________foot______ (一)名词复数构成规律： 情况构成方法例词 一般情况+s cake grape month couple 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh等结尾的词+es watch box bus boss 辅音字母+y结尾的词改y为i，+es beauty county baby lady factory 以f和fe结尾的词变f(fe)为ves leaf wife wolf knife life thief 以o结尾的词1、有生命体的+es, 2、无生命体的+s Negro hero potato tomato mango 黑人英雄喜欢吃土豆、番茄和芒果。radio zoo piano photo （二）一些不规则变化特例： man—men woman----women tooth----teeth foot---feet mouse----mice child----children deer---deer sheep---sheep Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese policeman-policemen（与man和 woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women）Englishman———Englishmen Frenchman————Frenchmen （三）某国人变复数，记住以下的顺口溜： 中日不变，英法改变，其他加s Chinese—Chinese Japanese—Japanese Englishman—Englishmen Frenchman—Frenchmen American—Americans （例外：German---Germans）（German不是合成词，故复数形式为 Germans） （四）复合词的复数: 改中心词为复数 girl student———— girl students 注意：man和 woman 等作定语时，它的单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定， 例如： woman teacher----women teachers man teacher -----men teachers
高考英语代词知识点单元汇编含答案解析(3) 一、选择题 1．In the past, ____didn’t make much of a difference to your success____ you had a good family background. A．that; if B．it; whether C．that; whether D．it; if 2．With ________ mistakes, ________ is no wonder that the man got laid off only after working for several months. A．such many…there B．many such…it C．such many…it D．many such…there 3．The movie is not quite as good as the play ____ was adapted from. A．that B．which C．it D．what 4．Standard Cognition, a startup company. in California, has developed technology that works like of Amazon Go, but it seeks to sell its artificial intelligence system to businesses for use in their own stores A．the one B．those C．that D．one 5．I would like to buy a flat in the suburb and sold ______ in downtown , because I want to live near my Mom’s. A．the one B．the other C．it D．another 6．Travellers to that area can carry disease to their own countries that have never experienced_____. A．them B．it C．themselves D．itself 7．People were dressed in elegant costumes, all of _____ suitable for a multicultural parade. A．which B．whom C．them D．who 8．The old couple preferred a flat in a small town to ______ in so large a city as Chongqing．A．this B．it C．that D．one 9．The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than in the newspaper. A．it B．those C．one D．that 10．The tallest girl over there is ________ who works very hard in our class . A．a girl B．the girl C．one D．the one 11．In my opinion, there’s no greater happiness than of succeeding in one’s career. A．one B．it C．that D．those 12．I would appreciate____________ if you could help me out when I am in trouble. A．that B．one C．it D．this 13．Generally speaking, the information on the Internet is faster than ______ in newspapers. A．that B．this C．it D．one 14．Located in the center of Melbourne， Australia， are two tall towers designed by building architect Phil Rowe， both of shaped like massive tree houses rather than skyscrapers. A．who B．them C．which D．whom