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高中英语定语从句精华版教学案

定语从句

思维导图

易考易错点总结

定语从句的用法较为复杂，高考除了单独考查定语从句外,还常常结合句式结构、时态等来综合考查。纵观近年各地高考试题，不难发现其考点主要包括:

1．考查如何正确选择关系词

解题思路:找出从句,确定被修饰词,即先行词→将先行词代入定语从句,判断先行词在定语从句中充当什么成分:若作主语、宾语、表语、定语,则选择关系代词；若作状语则选关系副词。

2．考查whosｅ的用法

whｏse可以指代人或物，在定语从句中作定语, 后跟名词。指物时，ｗｈose+名词＝名词+ｏｆwhｉｃh=of ｗhiｃh＋名词。如：Ｔhｅclassrｏｏｍwhoｓｅｄoor/the ｄｏｏｒof ｗhｉch／oｆwｈich tｈｅｄoor is brokｅn ｉs on ｔhe sｅcond fｌoor.

3．考查as/whｉcｈ引导的非限制性定语从句

尤其要重视wｈicｈ,aｓ引导的非限制性定语从句和tｈat,whａｔ引导的主语从句的区别。

4．考查定语从句中的主谓一致现象。

如：I，ｗho aｍyoｕｒｃlｏｓe frｉend，will trｙｍｙbest to help you ｗhｅｎｅver you ａｒｅin trouｂle.

5.考查“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

①“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句,关系代词指人时用whoｍ,指物时用ｗｈｉｃｈ，不能用that。关系代词作定语时也可用ｗｈose。

如:The teacheｒiｎｆrｏｎt of whｏse housｅstands ａtall tｒee isｖery patiｅｎt wｉth his studｅnts.

②同时还要注意包含复杂介词或代词短语的定语从句与并列句的区别。

如：(1)He loves hｉs parenｔs deｅplｙ，bｏｔh oｆwhｏｍareｖeｒy kｉnd to him.（定语从句)

(2）Hｅlｏves hiｓparents deeｐlｙａnd boｔｈof tｈem aｒe veｒy kind ｔo him.(并列句)

③此外，“介词+which+名词”结构也是一个较为特殊的结构。

如:Hｅwａs verｙill, in whiｃｈcaｓe(＝and in tｈｉs casｅ）we ｓenｔhｉｍｔo h

ｏｓｐital fiｒｓt.

6．考查一些特殊的先行词

（１)当situａtion, point, pｏsｉｔion, cａｓｅ, ａctivity,sｃeｎe，ｊoｂ，race, sta ｇe, degree及pｅriod，festiｖａl，ocｃasｉｏｎ（场合/时机）等出现时，要注意具体情况具体分析。这类词作主语、宾语或表语时,用关系代词that或ｗhich;作状语时，用关系副词where，ｗｈen或“介词＋whiｃh”。

(2) tｈe way 做先行词，当它在从句中作方式状语时,其后的关系词用in which/ｔhat/省略;当它作主语/宾语时，其后的关系词用wｈich/tｈat。

7．考查定语从句、强调句、时间状语从句等的区别

(1)It waｓthis smaｌl viｌlage where we gｏｔtｏknoｗeａｃh oｔhｅr.(定语从句)

(2)It was iｎthiｓsmａｌl villａge tｈat we got ｔｏkｎow ｅaｃh other.(强调句)

(3)It was 19１４whｅn ｔhe wａｒbｒoｋe ｏut.(时间状语从句)

导入:

e.g. Ｓhe is a beaｕtｉful gｉrl．

She is ａgirｌｗｈo is beautｉｆｕｌ.

（一）定语从句定义

１.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某个____或_____的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面，

2.先行词：被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词。

3．用来引导定语从句的词叫做关系词。

关系代词的种类:

关系代词_＿__,__＿＿__,_____＿,__＿＿__＿,______＿,＿＿＿___

关系副词：_____,wｈere，whｙ

4.定语从句结构:先行词＋关系词+定语从句。

1.Tｈere sｈe saw a wall of ｗater thａt ｗas quiｃkly ａdvancing towaｒｄs her.

２. IｎJａpan，ｓomeone whoｓeeｓanｏｔｈer peｒson mａkiｎｇthｅｇeｓture wｉll thinｋiｔmeａns money.

３.Oprah Winｆrey iｓa black womaｎｗhｏse risｅto fａme ｉｓan inｓｐir ｉng stoｒy.

（二)定语从句分类

限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明，对先行词起修饰限定作用，从句与先行词紧密相连缺少它，则句义显得不完整,一般不用逗号隔开。

非限定性定语从句:对先行词进行补充说明，解释，它与先行词关系松散,用逗号隔开。

1.The man who gavｅｍeｔhis book is Tｏｍ.(_______＿)

2.Toｍ，who is readinｇa book,iｓmｙclasｓｍate (＿________＿___)

（三）关系代词

先找关系词，看先行词指的是什么。２)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。

人定语(说明是“谁的”)人/ 物主语/ 宾语

物主语/ 宾语

时间时间状语

原因原因状语

地点地点状语

人物/事件/句子主语/宾语／表语

1. who指人,在定语从句中作____＿语，口语中可做_＿__＿语;tｈａt 也可指人，但多用

who.

ｅ.g. The mａｎ＿＿__＿is siｔtinｇuｎdｅｒthe ｔｒee ｉs ａGｅｒman .

Ｔhe students ___＿_＿speａksＧｅrmaｎbeｓt comes from Ｃhinａ．

Tｈｅｍａｎ_＿___＿__you wａnｔto ｓｅe ｉs here .

2. Wｈｏm指___＿＿,在句中做____,可省略，但在做介词的宾语是只能用wｈｏm,不能用

ｗhｏ．关系代词前有介词时不能省略。

ｅ.ｇ.Thｅｍaｎ(＿____)you loｏk foｒhａs ｌeft .

I kｎowｔhe ｇirｌ(____＿__)the ｔeacheｒｉs spｅaking to .

I knoｗthe girl tｏ__＿_____the teacｈeｒis sｐｅａｋiｎg .

3．ｗhosｅ，作定语，可指人或物=ｔhe +n +ｏf whｉch=of whｉｃｈthe +n

e.g. Everｙone heplps the cｈiｌd __＿__parｅntｓare dｅaｄ.

They aｒe the lazy stｕdeｎts _＿__homeｗoｒk wasn’ｔhaｎｄed ｉｎ．

针对练习

20１１全国卷I）Thｅpｒize ｗill go ｔo tｈｅwｒiter ____＿___ ｓｔoｒy ｓho ｗs the ｍｏst imaｇinatｉon.

Ａ．ｔhaｔＢ.which C. whose Ｄ. what 2011四川卷)The schｏol sｈop, _______＿ｃustomers are ｍaiｎｌy studｅnts, iｓclｏsed few the hoｌｉdays.

?A．ｗhｉｃh B. ｗｈose C. wｈen D. ｗhere

3.〖10山东〗That’s tｈe new maｃhine ______ paｒtsａre too small ｔｏbe seen.

Ａ．thaｔＢ. whiｃｈＣ.wｈｏse D. What

4.〖１0陕西〗Ｔhe oｌd temｐｌｅ＿＿＿__＿＿roof was damageｄin sｔorm iｓｎｏw ｕｎｄer repair．

A. whｅre

B. whｉch C．iｔs D. whose

5.〖10北京〗Cｈｉldrｅn whｏａrｅnoｔactiｖe ｏr dｉet is hiｇh ｉnｆaｔwｉll gａiｎwｅigｈt quｉcｋly.

A. what B．whｏｓe C.whｉcｈD．thａｔ

6.〖１0重庆〗Ｉn ｃｈiｎa, thｅnｕmbｅr ofｃiｔies is inｃｒeasing _＿__＿＿__dｅｖｅlopｍent is rｅcogｎｉzed across ｔhe woｒlｄ.

A. where???

B. which???Ｃ. whosｅ?D.thaｔ

4.thａt 指_＿_或＿___＿_,多指物,作__＿__语(不能省略)或＿__＿＿语(可省略）

e．g. He iｓtｈｅfiｎeｓt ｃｏｍrａde____＿ｈaｓｈelpeｄus ．

This ｉs a plant _＿_＿__＿grows iｎthe north .

5．whicｈ,指_____，在句中做主语（不能省略），或宾语(可省略)。

e.ｇ.Thｉｓis a ｐlant _____＿_ ｇrｏｗs iｎｔhｅnorth .

常用ｔｈａt不用wｈiｃh的情况

只能that用做关系代词的情况（共9种类型）。

1.当先行词是all, everythiｎg, ａnｙtｈiｎg，noｔhing，mｕch, litｔle, none, ｏｎe 等不定代词时,只用that。

歌诀助记:不定代词这路货,全用ｔhat准没错。

Ｐaｙaｔteｎtion tｏeｖerything _＿＿__Ｉｄｏ.

2.当先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,只用that。

歌诀助记：先行词前被限定，千万不要用whｉｃh．

Tｈｉs is the bｅst novel (_＿＿___) have read.?

3.如果出现两个或两个以上的先行词，并同时兼指人和物时，关系代词用that。

歌诀助记:两项并列人与物，引导定从用that.

Theｙwere talking abouｔｔhe perｓｏn and thｉngs＿___＿_tｈｅｙrememb ｅｒed ｉn scｈoｏl.

4．当先行词被tｈｅonly,thｅlasｔ, theｖerｙ, ｔｈe saｍe等等修饰时。

Tｈｉs is the last time ______Iｓhaｌl givｅyoｕ a leｓsｏn．

５.在疑问词ｗhich开头的特殊疑问句中,为了避免重复只用thａt。

Whiｃh of the ｓtudents ____＿_ knows sｏｍething abｏut history.

６.当先行词被Aｌｌ，every，no,some, ａnｙ, liｔtle，much等修饰时，只用that。

Hｅhａs liｔtle timｅ___＿＿_ he can spａrｅ．

7.当被修饰的成分是数词时，(被修饰成分是代名词one,指人时除外)只用that．

Ｉ’vｅgｏｔonｅ_＿__＿_ you miｇht be interested in.

（３)用wｈiｃh,不用that的情况

①引导非限制性定语从句。

ｅ.g.Ｆｏoｔｂalｌ, __＿_＿＿is ａｎintｅrestiｎｇｇａme, is ｐlayeｄaｌl ｏver thｅｗoｒlｄ.全世界都踢足球,它是一项有趣的运动。

Ｃarol ｓaid the woｒk would be done ｂy Oｃtober, _＿____persｏnallｙI doubt

veｒy much．卡罗尔说这项工作将在十月前做,对此我个人表示怀疑。

②直接放在介词后作宾语时。

Lanｇｕagｅｉs thｅmost importanｔtoｏl withoｕt _＿＿＿＿_peｏｐｌe cａn'ｔcommunicate wiｔh each otheｒ.语言是最重要的工具,没有它，人们便无法交流。

201１上海卷) You’ll finｄｔaxｉs waiting aｔthe ｂus station ＿___ｙou can hir ｅtｏrｅａcｈyour host faｍily.

A. whiｃh ?Ｂ. whｅre?? C. ｗhen?? D. as

20１1山东卷)Ｔｈe olｄｔown hａｓnarrow strｅｅｔs ａnd smａｌl hｏuses

_____aｒｅbuilt cｌosｅto each ｏｔhｅr.

Ａ. they ? B.ｗhere?? C. what? D. that

２０11福建卷）She has ａgift fｏr crｅating aｎaｔｍｏsｐhｅrｅfｏr her sｔ

udents ＿＿_＿allows them ｔo cｏmmunicateｆreeｌy wiｔh each ｏther.

A. ｗｈｉch

B.ｗｈere

C. whaｔ

D. who

4.〖１0湖南〗I’vｅbｅcome good ｆrｉｅｎｄs wiｔh sｅveral oｆthe studｅntｓｉn my schｏol Ｉｍet in the Enｇlｉsh ｓｐeech contｅstｌast yeａr．

Ａ. ｗｈo B.wheｒe ?C．when ?D.ｗhiｃh?

5.〖１０全国Ⅱ〗Ｉrefuse tｏacｃeｐt the bｌame for somｅthing ＿____＿＿＿was ｓomeoｎｅelsｅ’s fault.

A.wｈｏ

B. that

C. as

D. whａt

(四)关系副词

1.wｈen指时间= in ／aｔ/on / durinｇ+ ｗhｉch；

(１)在定语从句中作状语,先行词主要为一些时间名词（yeａｒ,day ,tｉme,week等）,但时间名词在从句中作主语,宾语时，应用tｈat，which,不能用wｈｅｎ

e.g.Hｅｓtｉll remｅmbeｒthｅday__＿_＿_he ｊoｉｎｅd the aｒmy.做主语

Ｉ’ll ｎeｖer forｇｅt ｔhe time ＿_＿___/__＿___ｗe wｏrked ｏｎｔｈe ｆarm.作状语

I stiｌl remember ｔhe daｙ__＿__＿/______ｉs his birthaｙ.做主语

He ｒegrｅｔted tｈe days ___＿__/______hｅspenｔon play . 做宾语Hｅremｅmberｅs the dａys______ｈe spenｔmuｃh money on ｓtoｒiｅｓ．（2) Iｔｉs tｈe fiｒst time ｔhat …句型中,that是习惯用法,不用whｅｎ。

e.ｇ. It ｉs the first tｉme tｈａt I haｖｅbeeｎｔo the Gｒeａt Wall .

2．wｈere指地点＝in/aｔ/ from + which；

(1）指前面的地点，在从句中作状语。

ｅ.ｇ．I know ｔhe faｃtory______/＿___＿＿Ｉwｏｒked ｔwenty yearｓagｏ．

(2) 指地点,在句中作主语,宾语时不能用wｈere，须用thａｔ/wｈicｈ．

e.g.Tｈiｓis thｅhouse ＿＿__＿/_＿___hｅhas lｉｖｅd foｒ2０ｙears.

Ｔhｉｓis thｅhoｕｓe ____＿_hｅhaｓliｖed in fｏr ２0 ｙears.

e.ｇ. Ｔｈis is the ｓｈｏol __＿＿＿/_____ ｗｅstudy eveｒｙyｅａr.

Thiｓｉs the shooｌ_＿___/＿＿___ we visiｔed yesterdaｙ.

注:有时when,ｗheｒe相当于“介词+wｈiｃｈ”.

e.g. He leｆt ｔheｒｏom __＿_＿/＿＿＿__ ｈe livｅd laｓt year. ?

(３) 当先行词为某个方面、情况、阶段、位置等的词时使用关系副词

注意；抽象地点名词

Sｔagｅ, occasｉon，ｐｏint, cａsｅ,aｃtiviｔy…

wｈｅre

e．ｇ. I caｎｔｈink ｏf many ｃａsｅs__＿__＿ｄriveｒs know traｆfic ｒulｅs but doｎ’t ｆoｌloｗthｅm.

Ｗe have reａchｅｄ a point ____＿_a changｅis neｅded.

Ｔhey haｖｅreached ｔｈｅpoiｎt______tｈｅy havｅｔo sepａrate wｉth eaｃｈother．

Lifｅis like a long race ＿_____we coｍpeｔe wiｔh ｏtｈers to go beyoｎd ｏuｒｓelvｅs.

A ｗhich

B thａt

C /

D wｈere

３.ｗhｙ指原因= for ｗhｉch

“tｈｅｒeasoｎwｈｙ….that….”中，不能用beｃaｕse 代替that .

e．ｇ. That’ｓthe rｅason＿_＿__／____＿hｅdidn’t ｃomeｔo school .

Ｔhe rｅason why he ｄidn’ｔaｔtenｄthｅmeetｉｎｇｉｓthaｔhe wａs ill.

但reason 在从句中做宾语时，关系代词用ｔhat/whicｈ,课省略

e.ｇ. I dｏn’t bｅlieｖe the rｅasｏn _＿__＿／____＿he gaｖe mｅ.

关系副词针对性练习

2０１1江苏卷）Betｗｅen tｈｅtwo parts oｆthe cｏncert is an intervaｌ（间隔；

幕间，休息时间；距离)，_＿_____ｔhe audience can ｂｕy ice-ｃｒeam.

Ａ．when B．ｗherｅC．that D. which 201１安徽卷）Whaｔeｖeｒis left over mayｂe putｉｎtｏthe refｒｉgeｒａtor,

____＿ｉt wiｌl keep ｆｏr tｗｏｏｒｔhree ｗeeks.

A. wｈen

B.whｉｃh

C. wｈｅrｅ?D．while

20１1浙江卷）Ａbａnk is tｈe ｐlace ____＿_they lend yｏｕanｕmbｒelｌa in

fａir wｅather ａｎd asｋfｏｒitｂacｋwhen it beginｓto raｉｎ.

A. wheｎ???

B. thaｔ??Ｃ. whｅre ???Ｄ. there

2011福建卷)Ｉt wａｓApril 29,20０1 PrincｅWilｌｉam anｄKａｔ

ｅMiｄdletｏｎwalked inｔｏｔhe paｌace haｌl ｏf the ｗｅdｄing ceｒemony.

A.ｔhat

B.ｗｈen ?C．ｓincｅ D.ｂeｒore

20１１陕西卷)Ｉｗaｌked uｐtoｔｈｅtoｐoｆthe hｉllｗｉth ｍy ｆｒｉ

enｄ，＿____＿＿___we enjoｙed a splｅndiｄｖｉeｗｏf tｈｅlake.

A.ｗｈｉch Ｂ．wｈeｒe C. who Ｄ. that

6．〖１0福建〗Stｅphｅn Hawkiｎg ｂeliｅveｓthat eａｒｔh ｉs unlikelｙｔｏbe th ｅonly plaｎet life ｈas devｅｌｏped gradualｌy.

A. tｈａｔ?

B.ｗhｅre Ｃ.which D．whose

7.〖１0江西〗Ｔｈｅgiｒl arraｎged ｔo ｈave pｉanｏlｅssｏnsａt the trａiｎinｇceｎter witｈher sisteｒ_＿＿___ she would ｓtay fｏr an hoｕr.

A wherｅＢwｈo C which D ｗhat

８.〖10天津〗-－---Can ｙou belｉeve I had ｔｏpay30 dollars fｏrａhairｃut？

----－Yoｕshould ｔrｙthｅbarber’s I go. Ｉt’s only 15.

A．asＢ. which C. wherｅ D.that

9.〖０９上海〗Mｏzaｒｔ’s birｔhplaceａｎd theｈouse ＿_＿___ he ｃｏｍposｅd ‘The Ｍａｇic Fｌuｔe’ aｒe bｏtｈｍuｓeuｍｓnｏｗ。

Ａ. where B.wｈeｎ C. thｅre D. ｗhicｈ10．〖０9四川〗Ｓhe’ll ｎever ｆorget her stayｔherｅ＿__ she fｏｕnd heｒson who had gｏne misｓｉｎgｔｗo ｙeaｒsｂeｆｏre.

Ａ.thaｔ?Ｂ．whｉｃｈ??C．wheｒｅ?D．when

1１.〖0９福建〗Ｉｔ’s helｐful to ｐｕｔｃｈiｌdｒen in a siｔｕａtｉoｎthey caｎsee tｈｅｍseｌｖes differently.

A.ｔhaｔＢ. when C. whiｃｈD．where

12.〖09浙江〗I hａve reacｈeｄ a poiｎｔｉn my lｉfｅ＿____＿I am suｐpｏｓed to maｋe decｉsｉoｎｓof ｍｙｏwn.

A.which ?

B. ｗhｅre ??

C. how ??Ｄ. ｗhy

１3．〖09重庆〗Lifeｉｓlikｅａlｏng racｅ___＿_wｅcompｅteｗith otheｒs ｔo go beｙond oursｅlves．

A．ｗｈy B．ｗhａt C. ｔhaｔ

D. where

14.〖0９北京〗—Ｗhａt do you thiｎk of tｅａｃhｅr，Bob?

—I find it fuｎand ｃhａｌlｅｎgiｎg. Ｉｔiｓａjob＿_＿yｏｕare doing somethｉnｇseriｏuｓｂut iｎｔｅresting.

A.where

B. wｈｉcｈ

C. ｗhen

D. thaｔ

(五）．“介词+关系代词”引导的定语从句

当先行词在定于从句中作介词的宾语时，往往可以把介词放在关系代词之前，构成“介词+关系代词（whom/wｈicｈ）”结构。但一些短语东西如ｌoｏk after等中的介词不能与动词分开，故不能放在关心代词之前。确定介词时:

一是，依据定于从句中动词所需要的某种习惯搭配，

二是，依据先行词的某种习惯搭配,

三是，根据所要表达的意思来确定,例如：

介词+关系代词针对性练习

1.〖10山东〗Ｗiｎd pｏwer is an ancieｎｔsourｃe of eｎｅrgｙｗｅmay ｒeturn in ｔｈe neaｒfuture.

A. on whｉchＢ. ｂy whicｈ C. toｗｈicｈD．from which

２.〖09陕西〗Gｕn control iｓ a ｓubｊeｃt Amｅricans ｈave aｒgued ｆor a ｌｏngｔime.

A．of whｉch B．with which C.abｏｕt whiｃｈD．inｔｏｗｈich

3.〖0９江西〗The hｏuｓｅI ｇrew up ＿＿__＿___ hａs beｅｎtaken down anｄreplacｅd by an oｆｆice ｂｕildiｎg.

A. iｎｉt

B. ｉn C．ｉｎthａt D. ｉn whiｃh

4.〖10浙江〗Ｔhｅｓetｔｌemenｔｉs home ｔo nearｌｙ1,0０0 ｐｅｏple，ｍa ｎy of lefｔthｅir ｖilｌage homes foｒ a beｔtｅr life in the citｙ.

A.wｈom??B．whiｃh ?C. ｔhem ??Ｄ. those

５.〖08福建〗Bｙnine o’clocｋ，ａll tｈｅOlymｐic torch beaｒerｓｈad reａcｈed th ｅtoｐof Mount Qｏｍoｌangma，aｐｐｅared a rａｒe raｉnｂow ｓoon.

A.of wｈｉch?

B.ｏn whｉch??

C.from which?

D.above whiｃh

６.〖０８四川〗Ｆｏr many ｃitｉeｓiｎｔhe worｌd，theｒe is no rｏoｍtｏs ｐreａd oｕt fｕｒther, NeｗYｏrk iｓanｅxampｌe．

A.for whicｈ??Ｂ．in ｗｈich?? C.of ｗhiｃh ?Ｄ．ｆrom which

（六)．非限定性定语从句

1.关系代词在非限定性定语从句中的用法。

指人做主语用whｏ,作宾语用whoｍ,指地点用whｅre，指时间when,指物只用ｗhich，不能用ｔｈat,作定语用ｗhｏse。

ｅ.g. He didn’ｔseeｔhｅｆilm, which wａｓvery interｅstｉnｇ.(不用that) (七）as 引导的限制性定语从句

A ｓuｃh ….aｓ和the same…ａs 的用法

such….as: 像….一样的,像…..之类；

the saｍe…as:和…..同样的

在这两个句型中，as是关系代词,suｃh和ｓame作定语,修饰主语里的某个名词(或代词)，这个名词是由aｓ引导的定语从句的先行词，as在从句中可担任主语、宾语或表语。

Eg:Wｅhａve foｕｎd such ｍaｔｅrials as aｒe usｅd in theirｆactoｒy.(在

从句中作主语)

Ｉsｅldom gｉve my stuｄenｔs sucｈａｄifficult problem as thｅy cannoｔwork ouｔ.（在从句中作宾语)

Ｔhe ｒesｕlt is noｔtｈe sａme aｓtｈey had ｅxpecｔed.( 在从句中作宾语) ?重点比较

ｔｈe same …as…和the ｓamｅ…that…

the same…as…：和…..相同(代指同类事物）;

the samｅ…thａｔ…：和….相同（代指同一事物)

两者都引导定语从句。ａｓ从句中说明的名词与thｅsaｍe 修饰的名词是同一类,而非同一个。that从句中说明的名词与the samｅ修饰的名词是同一个。

Eg：He is ｒeadinｇthｅsaｍe bｏoｋｔｈａt ｙou bｏught yestｅrday.

He is reading the saｍｅbooｋas ｙｏu bouｇｈt yｅｓtｅrdａy.

Ｔhis is tｈe sａme peｎｔhat I lost. =Tｈｉs is tｈｅｐen ｔhat I losｔ.(指同一支笔）

Ｔｈiｓｉs ｔhｅsａmｅ(kinｄ/type/sort) of peｎａｓＩlost.(指同类型的笔，但并不是我丢失的那一支)

B…．such aｓ…的用法

…．ｓuch as…中的sｕch为代词,意思是“这样的人或物”，as在从句中作宾语，修饰先行词ｓuｃh。

Eg: This bｏｏk iｓnot sｕch as Ｉｅxpeｃt．

He ｔｏld me ｏf hiｓexpeｒｉｅnce such as I ｈad ｎever ｈａｄbefore.

I haｖe noｔmany,but I wilｌsend yoｕsuch ａs I ｈave.

(完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中重点知识，也是高考常考点，大家也不容易掌握，这篇文章主要教你关系代词引导的定语从句关系副词引导的定语从句判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容，有例题讲解定语从句在句中做定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系词（关系代词或关系副词）引出。关系代词有：who, whom, whose, that, which等。关系副词有：when, where, why等。 18.1 关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。 1）who, whom, that 这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词，在从句中作主语和宾语。例如： Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他就是你想见的人吗？（who/that在从句中作主语） He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。（whom/that在从句中作宾语） 2）whose 用来指人或物，（只用作定语, 若指物，它还可以同of which互换）。例如： They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.那人车坏了，大家都跑过去帮忙。 Please pass me the book whose （of which）cover is green.请递给我那本绿皮的书。 3）which, that所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、宾语等。例如： A prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。（which / that在句中作宾语） The package （which / that）you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿的包快散了。（which / that在句中作宾语） 18.2 关系副词引导的定语从句关系副词可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词，在从句中作状语。 1）关系副词when, where, why的含义相当于\"介词+ which\"结构，因此常常和\"介词+ which\"结构交替使用。例如： There are occasions when （on which）one must yield.任何人都有不得不屈服的时候。 Beijing is the place where（in which）I was born.北京是我的出生地。 Is this the reason why （for which）he refused our offer?这就是他拒绝我们帮助他的理由吗？ 2）that代替关系副词，可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词后取代when, where, why和\"介+which\"引导的定语从句，在口语中that常被省略。例如： His father died the year （that / when / in which）he was born.他父亲在他出生那年逝世了。 He is unlikely to find the place （that / where / in which）he lived forty years ago. 他不大可能找到他四十年前居住过的地方。 18.3 判断关系代词与关系副词方法一：用关系代词，还是关系副词完全取决于从句中的谓语动词。及物动词后面无宾语，就必须要求用关系代词；而不及物动词则要求用关系副词。例如： This is the mountain village where I stayed last year. 这是我去年呆过的山村。 I'll never forget the days when I worked together with you.我永远不会忘记与你共事的日子。判断改错：（错）This is the mountain village where I visited last year. （错）I will never forget the days when I spent in the countryside. （对）This is the mountain village （which）I visited last year. （对）I'll never forget the days （which）I spent in the countryside. 习惯上总把表地点或时间的名词与关系副词where, when联系在一起。此两题错在关系词的误用上。方法二：准确判断先行词在定语从句中的成分（主、谓、宾、定、状），也能正确选择出关系代词/关

高中英语定语从句教学设计优质课

T e a c h i n g D e s i g n Grammar — The Attributive Clause (I) (who, whom, which, that, whose) 淅川二高贾丽君 I. Teaching aims: 1. Help students understand what the Attributive Clause is and its function. 2. Enable students to use relative pronouns (who, whom, which, that, whose) in the Attributive Clause properly. 3. Encourage students to express their love to fathers using the Attributive Clause. II. Teaching important and difficult points: Enhance students’ proficiency and accuracy in using the relative pronouns to write the Attributive Clauses. III. Teaching methods: Task-based teaching method; Audio-lingual method; Cooperative learning; Group discussion IV. Teaching steps: Step I：Lead in 1. Guess a riddle. This is a man who loves us very much. This is a man whose love is as great as a mother’s.

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解 Ⅰ、概念: (１) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧接在先行词（antｅcedｅｎt)后面。 (2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。先行词可以为一个词,短语，或整个主句。 (3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。关系词得作用: 1) 引导定语从句，连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词; ２) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语，状语) 常用得关系代词: ｔhat、wｈｉcｈ、wｈo、whom、wｈosｅ,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时，关系代词可以省略。常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语）、why(原因状语)、wｈe ｒｅ（地点状语）可以修饰人得关系代词:thａt, ｗho，wｈｏｍ,whosｅ可以修饰事得关系代词:tｈat, whｉcｈ, as，whose, The studeｎt who answerｅd ｔhe ｑuestion was John、Ｉkｎow thｅｒeasoｎwhy he wａｓso angｒy、 The bｏy （wｈom) ｙou are taｌkｉnｇｔo is myｂrotｈｅｒ、Ｉ'd likｅ a ｒoｏｍwhose window fａｃesｔｈe sea、定语从句三步：第一找出先行词; 第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能（做主语、宾语、表语或状语); 第三选择合适得关系词。 Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法: ●tｈat:可指人或物；在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。(指人时,相当于whｏ或wｈｏｍ;指物时,相当于whiｃh)（一般不用于非限制性定语从句；不可置于介词后作宾语) 如: 1、A lｅtteｒthaｔ／which is wrｉtｔen in peｎcｉl is diffiｃult ｔo ｒead、（主语) 2、Do yｏu kｎｏw tｈe gentleman ｔhａｔ/ｗｈｏspoke just ｎｏw? 3、Ｙou can takｅａnything ( ｔhat)you like、(宾语) 4、Whaｔｉs thｅquestiｏｎ(ｔhat/whｉｃh) they aｒｅｔalｋing about? 5、Hｅreｉs theｍan （wｈo／whom/ｔhat) yｏu want tｏsee、 6、Ｓhe＇s no longeｒthe girl( that) sｈeｕsｅd to ｂe befｏre、（表语） 7、Ｏuｒhometｏwn iｓno ｌonger ｔhｅoｎe (thａt)it usｅｄto ｂe、(=Ｏｕr homeｔｏｗn iｓｎot tｈe sａｍe as it uｓed tｏｂe、 = Our hｏmｅtｏwn is diffeｒenｔfrom what iｔｕｓｅｄtｏｂe。 =Ouｒhometｏｗn ｉs notｗhａt it uｓed to ｂe、) ●which：指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语。如： 1、Thｅboｏk which/thａｔwas ｏn the ｄeｓkｗａsｂought bｙｍy fatｈer、(主语) 2、Tｈｅboｏk(whiｃh/tｈaｔ) Ｉｂｏught yesteｒdaｙｉs very

(完整版)高一英语(牛津译林版)定语从句

定语从句一、基本概念 1．定语从句：在一个主从复合句中修饰某一个名词、代词或修饰整个主句的从句叫定语从句。换句话说，定语从句就是用来作定语的句子。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。先行词前一般用the ，但在指“一个”概念时可用a , an 。 3．关系代词/ 关系副词：连接先行词和定语从句的词叫关系词，根据其在从句中作用分为关系代词或关系副词。若先行词在从句中作主语、宾语和定语等，应用关系代词引导定语从句；若先行词在从句中作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语等，应用关系副词引导定语从句。 4．定语从句的位置：一般紧跟在先行词后面。但有时因句子结构的需要，定语从句和先行词被某些成分隔开。 5．引导定语从句的关系词分为二类：关系代词：that, which ,who, whom ,whose , as 关系副词：when, where, why 二、基本用法

2．使用关系代词时应注意的几个问题： a. 在以下几种情况下只使用that不用which。 1.先行词是不定代词时，如: all, anything, everything, nothing, something, little, few, much。 1.I told him all (that) I know. 2.He gave her everything (that) he had. 2.先行词被all, every, any, the very, the only, the just等修饰时。 1.I have read all the books (that) you gave me. 2.You can take any book (that) you like. 3.先行词被序数词和形容词的最高级修饰时。 1. This is the best book (that) I have ever read. 2. The second place (that) I want to visit is Shanghai. 4.先行词既有人又有物时。 1.We talked about the persons and things (that) we remember in the school. 2.The people and the animals that were killed in the earthquake have all been found. 5.在Who, Which引起的疑问句中。 1. Who is the boy that helped you? 2. Which is the book (that) you bought yesterday? 6. 若有两个定语从句，一个用which引导，另一个须用that引导。 He bought a book which could give him knowledge and that could help to kill the time. 7. 当先行词在定语从句中作表语时。 Mary is no longer the girl (that) she used to be. b.在以下几种情况下只使用which 不用that。 1. 引导非限制性定语从句时。 I have lost my pen, which I like very much. (which 作宾语，指代主句中的pen) New concept English is intended for foreign students, which is known to all of us. (which作主语，指代整个主句) 2. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是which，另一个须用that。 The book (that) he bought yesterday was the one (which) he liked best. 3. 先行词在句中作介词宾语且介词前置时。 This is the house in which Lu Xun once lived. c.当先行词为指人的关系代词时,引导词只用who 不用that。 1. 先行词为all, anyone, one / ones, those, people 时，须用who。 1. Anyone who knows how to do it can do it now. 2. Those who want to see the film please put up your hands. 3. He, who does not reach the Great Wall, is not a true man. 2. 在非限制性定语从句中，须用who。 Tom’s father, who is over sixty, still works hard. 3. 在被分隔的定语从句中，须用who。 A new teacher will come tomorrow who will teach you German. 4. 在以there be开头的句子中，多用who。 There is a stranger who wants to see our headmaster. 5. 若有两个定语从句，其中一个关系代词是that，另一个须用who。 The student who was praised at the meeting is the monitor that studies very hard.

高一英语定语从句讲解精华版

定语从句一、基本概念：定语：定语从句： Do you know the man who spoke at the meeting just now That is the house where he lived ten years ago. 引导词：关系词关系代词有：that, who, whom, whose, which; 在从句中充当：关系副词有：when, where, why. 在从句充当：先行词：定语从句中引关系词的作用：二、关系词的用法：（一）关系代词的用法： 1． He is the man lives next door. The train has just left is for Shenzhen. 2． The man ________ we have just seen is a famous writer. Where is the book ___________I bought last week （二）关系副词的用法： 1． I still remember the time ________I first became a college student. Do you know the date __________Lincoln was born

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