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2014年10月自考《英语一》讲义 Unit 09_(含课文、生词表、课后练习及答案)

Unit 9 Making Every Minute Count

A FAMOUS QUOTE

A man who dares to waste one hour of time has not discovered the value of life.

——Charles 胆敢浪费一小时的人还没有发现生命的价值。

——查尔斯·

Charles Darwin (1809-1882), British naturalist who developed the theory of evolution by natural selection and the survival of the fittest. This theory forms the basis for the modern evolutionary studies. Darwin’s most famous books are The Origin of Species and The Descent of 查尔斯·达尔文(1809-1882),英国生物学家,通过物竞天择说和适者生存说发展了进化论。这一理论成奠定了现代进化论研究的基础。达尔文最著名的两本著作是:《物种起源》和《人类的由来》。

Speaking Activity

Asking for Information

Sample Dialogue

Read the following conversation. Pay attention to how the speakers ask for more information

Hostess: Pompas Restaurant. How may I help you?

Ron: I'd like to reserve a table for dinner.

Hostess: How large a group are you expecting?

Ron: Six couples.

Hostess: Would you like to reserve a private dining room?

Ron: That sounds like a good idea.

Hostess: All right. May I have your name, sir?

Ron: My name is Ron Kollitz. K-O-L-L-I-T-Z.

Hostess: What time will you be arriving?

Ron: Around 7:30 pm.

Hostess: All right, Mr. Kollitz. We've reserved a private dining room for you at 7:30 pm. T you for calling Pompas.

Ron: Thank you very much.

Guided Practice

Directions: Imagine a situation where you need to book a dinner table for a company. Use yo own information. You may use the following tips to help you.

How may I help you?

How large…?

Would you like to…?

May I have your name, sir?

What time…?

Thank you for…

Text A

New Words

1、share v. to tell other people about an idea, secret, problem etc. 分享;告诉

2、volunteer n. a person who does a job without being paid for it 志愿者

3、surprised adj. feeling or showing surprise 惊奇的;惊讶的

4、stare v. to look at somebody/something for a long time 盯着看;注视

5、insult v. to say or do something that offends somebody 侮辱;冒犯

6、senior moment n. an occasion when somebody forgets something, or does not think clearly (thought to be typical of what happens when people get older)尊长表现(老年人失忆、忘事、糊涂型状况)

7、imply v. to suggest that something is true or that you feel or think something, without saying so directly 暗示

8、permit v. to allow somebody to do something or to allow something to happen 允许;准许

9、explain v. to tell somebody about something in a way that makes it easy to understand 解说明

10、experience n. an event or activity that affects you in some way 经历

11、powerful adj. having a strong effect on your mind or body 有强烈作用的

12、near-death experience n. an occasion when you almost die 濒死经历

13、confess v. to admit something that you feel ashamed or embarrassed about 承认

14、one's last breath n. the last moment of a person's life 最后一口气;临终

15、down adj. sad or depressed 沮丧;情绪低落

Phrases and Expressions

1、drop in on to pay an informal visit to a person 顺便访问

2、from time to time occasionally but not regularly 不时;偶尔

3、a bit slightly or to a small degree 有点儿

4、in a sense in one way 从某种意义上说

5、clear ... up to solve or explain something 解释;解答

6、not that I know of used to say that you think the answer is "no", judging from the information you have. 据我所知没有

7、bring sb. to their knees to defeat somebody, especially in a war 打败某人

Text A The Most Exciting Thing Ever

Pre-reading Questions

1.What is the most exciting thing you have done recently?

2.What methods do you use to cheer yourself up when you have a bad time?

The Most Exciting Thing Ever

"The last thing I did was the most exciting thing ever!" he said.

I couldn't wait to hear what it was. "I can't imagine what you might have done — but whate it was you must share it with me," I said.①

I was visiting the senior center where I'm a regular volunteer, and I'd dropped in on this gentleman from time to time. At this moment he looked at me with a somewhat surprised look on h face. We stared at each other, and I became a bit uncomfortable. Had I misunderstood what he ha said? Had he said something else, and had I insulted him?

"Oh, I'm sorry. Did I misunderstand you?" I finally said.

"What did I say?" he replied.

I thought, maybe he was having a senior moment.

"Didn't you just say, the last thing I did was the most exciting thing ever?" I repeated.

"Yes, I did."

"Well, what was it? What was the most exciting thing you ever did?" I asked.

"Oh, I see," he replied. "You're waiting for me to tell you that I won something or accompl some great thing, right?"

"Well, yes. Isn't that what you implied?" I asked.

"In a sense, yes. But permit me to clear things up," he said. "You look like a healthy man are you?" he asked.

"Basically. I mean I have problems, but nothing life-threatening that I know of."

"Then you might not understand this," he said. And, placing his arm around my shoulder, he explained. "About a year ago I nearly died. I had a heart attack that almost ended my life. It an experience that brought me to my knees and lifted me back up again. It was then that I reall began to see how valuable every moment of my life is."②

He stood in front of me and, placing his hands on my shoulders, said, "Every last thing I d the most exciting thing I have ever done. It's one more moment, day, week, month past the day I almost died. To me, that's exciting!"

How very powerful that thought was. Ever since, I have always believed that everyone should a near-death experience so that they can appreciate life more.,③ I confess I've never had one.

I lived through something similar when my son and wife both had cancer. Nearly losing them cert changed the way I look at life. Now, when my last breath does finally come, I will see the real value of "the last thing I did."

Feeling down? Thinking you have nothing to be excited about in your life? Think again. Try appreciating life so very much that the last thing you do will be the most exciting thing you e do.④

Key Sentences

1.I couldn't wait to hear what it was. "I can't imagine what you might have done — but wha it was you must share it with me," I said.

我急切地想听听那件事是什么。“我想象不出来你做了什么——不过不管是什么,你一定要和我说,”我

2.It was an experience that brought me to my knees and lifted me back up again. It was then

I really began to see how valuable every moment of my life is.

这次经历几乎把我击垮但又把我拉回来。也正是从那时起,我真正意识到我生命中的每一刻有多么宝贵。

3.I have always believed that everyone should have a near-death experience so that they can appreciate life more.

我一直认为每个人都应该有一次濒临死亡的经历,这样他们才会更加珍惜生命。

4.Try appreciating life so very much that the last thing you do will be the most exciting t you ever do.

试着尽可能珍惜生命,那么你做的最后一件事将是你做过的最让你兴奋的。

Notes

1.Senior center: a place in a community where seniors can gather for support, socialization fitness and/or other services provided for older people

Text A The Most Exciting Thing Ever

Exercises

Ⅰ Checking Your Comprehension

Directions: Choose the best answer to each question from the information given in the passa

1.The author visited the old man to_________.

A)interview him for a local newspaper

B)talk and spend some time with him

C)ask for his opinions on the senior center

D)give him some medical advice

[答疑编号506494090301:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】B

【答案解析】本题是对这则故事主人公去老人院目的的考查。我们可以从课文第三段第一句中找到答案——I was visiting the senior center where I'm a regular volunteer, and I'd dropped in on this old gentleman from time to time. 即我当时是作为这个养老院的志愿者,有时顺便探望一下这位老人。答案为B。

2.The author and the old man stared at each other because _________.

A)there was some misunderstanding between them

B)the old man became angry with the author

C)the old man wanted to surprise the author

D)the author couldn't hear the old man

[答疑编号506494090302:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】A

【答案解析】本题是对全文主旨的考查。需阅读前十段全文,概括得出,问题问的是主人公和老人对视的原因,是因为他对老人的话理解有偏差。答案为A。

3.The old man thought the author couldn't understand his explanation because _______. A)the author wasn't very interested in what he had to say

B)the old man couldn't speak clearly

C)the old man had a very poor memory

D)the author hadn't had a near-death experience

[答疑编号506494090303:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】D

【答案解析】本题着重考查细节,阅读十三、十四段,结合全文主旨,概括得出,老人认为如果一个人没有过濒临死亡的经历,那么可能就不能体会到他所说话的真正涵义。答案为D。

4.The old man began to value every moment of his life after _________.

A)he broke his knee and had to use a wheelchair

B)he thought about ending his life a year ago

C)he lost his family and was sent to the senior center

D)he recovered from a life-threatening heart attack

[答疑编号506494090304:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】D

【答案解析】本题是综合细节考查题,阅读第十四段,概括得出,老人之所以如此珍惜生

命是因为大概一年前他差点因为心脏病而死亡,这次经历对他打击很大但又使他重视生

命。答案为D。

5.The author believes that everyone should have a near-death experience so that_________.

A)they can appreciate life more

B)they can take care of themselves

C)they can love their family more

D)they can feel happy all the time

[答疑编号506494090305:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】A

【答案解析】本题注重考查细节,我们可以从倒数第二段第二个句子找到答案——Ever

since, I have always believed that everyone should have a near-death experience

so that they can appreciate life more.译为“从那以后,我一直认为每个人都应该有

一次濒临死亡的经历,这样他们才会更加珍惜生命。”答案为A。

Ⅱ Building Your Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words g in the brackets.

1.You must ask for _______before taking any photographs inside the church.(permit, permiss

[答疑编号506494090306:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】permission

【答案解析】译文:你必须得到允许才可以在教堂里拍照。空格处应使用名词形式作为

ask for的宾语,因此应选用permission。答案为permission。

2.He gave no ______for what he was doing that evening. (explain, explanation)

[答疑编号506494090307:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】explanation

【答案解析】译文:他没有为那天晚上他所做的事做任何解释。空格处应使用名词形式作

为give的宾语,因此应选用explanation。答案为explanation。

3.The thief had taken a radio and some other goods, but nothing of great ______. (value, valuable)

[答疑编号506494090308:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】value

【答案解析】译文:小偷拿了收音机和一些其他货物,但没什么值钱的东西。此题考查固

定用法be of + n.,因此选用value。答案为value。

4.Her speech about cruelty to children was very _______. (power, powerful)

[答疑编号506494090309:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】powerful

【答案解析】译文:她关于虐待儿童的演说很有力量。空格处应使用形容词形式作为was

的表语,因此应选用powerful。答案为powerful。

5.It is my ________that we will find a cure for cancer in the next ten years. (belief, believe)

[答疑编号506494090310:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】belief

【答案解析】译文:在接下来的十年内找到治疗癌症的方法是我的信念。在形容词性物主

代词my的后面应选用名词形式,因此此处应选用belief。答案为belief。

6.People are concerned about the quality of the air they ______. (breath, breathe)

[答疑编号506494090311:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】breathe

【答案解析】人们很关注他们呼吸的空气的质量。主语they后缺少谓语,因此应选择动词

形式breathe(呼吸)。breath为名词形式。答案为breathe。

Section B

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary.

insult冒犯 regular有规律的 confess 承认 surprise 惊喜

imply暗示 appreciate 感激 repeat 重复 basic 基本的

1.Don't tell Anne we've arranged a party for her — I want it to be a________.

[答疑编号506494090312:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】surprise

【答案解析】译文:请不要告诉Anne我们为她准备了一场聚会——我想给她一个惊喜。根

据句意应选用surprise。因为空格前有a,所以此处应使用名词形式。答案为surprise。

2.You'll ________the chef if you don't at least taste the meal.

[答疑编号506494090313:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】insult

【答案解析】译文:如果你一点也不品尝菜肴,那会是对厨师的冒犯。根据句意应选用insult。因为空格前是情态动词will,所以此处应使用动词原形。答案为insult。

3.My teacher said I should avoid ________of words in my essay.

[答疑编号506494090314:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】repetition

【答案解析】译文:我的老师说我应避免论文中的重词。动词avoid后面跟名词或动名词的形式,此处可填名词形式repetition。答案为repetition。

4.The letter seems to ________that the minister knew about the business deals.

[答疑编号506494090315:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】imply

【答案解析】译文:这封信看起来在暗示说,部长知道这次商业交易。因此此处选用imply。此处应使用动词原形与空格前的seem to构成搭配seem to + v.,因此正确答案为imply。答案为imply。

5.Marsha ________that she didn't really know how to work the computer.

[答疑编号506494090316:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】confessed

【答案解析】译文:Marsha承认自己并不知道如何使用电脑。因此此处选用confess。从句中使用的时态为一般过去时,根据时态一致原则,此处应使用一般过去时,因此正确答案为confessed。答案为confessed。

6.The chairman asked me to express our ________ of all your hard work.

[答疑编号506494090317:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】appreciation

【答案解析】译文:主席让我表达我们对大家努力工作的感激。因此此处选用

appreciate。在形容词性物主代词our的后面应使用名词形式,因此此处使用

appreciation。答案为appreciation。

Section C

Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.

1.She spent most of the day dropping in ________friends in Edinburgh.

[答疑编号506494090318:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】on

【答案解析】译文:她把一天中的大部分时间用来拜访在爱丁堡的朋友们。drop in on是固定搭配,译为顺便访问,因此此处应填on。答案为on。

2.She stared ________me in disbelief.

[答疑编号506494090319:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】at

【答案解析】译文:她用不信任的眼神盯着我stare at …是固定搭配,译为盯着……,因此此处应填at。答案为at。

3.What he says is right in a________.

[答疑编号506494090320:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】sense

【答案解析】译文:从某种意义上说,她说的是正确的。in a sense是固定搭配,译为从某种意义上说,因此此处应填sense。答案为sense。

4.There are a couple of points we need to clear ________before the meeting begins.

[答疑编号506494090321:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】up

【答案解析】译文:有几个问题我们需要在会议开始前解释一下。clear up是固定搭配,译为解答、解释,因此此处应填up。答案为up。

5.The recession has brought many companies to their ________.

[答疑编号506494090322:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】knees

【答案解析】译文:经济衰退已经击垮了很多公司。bring sb. to their knees是固定搭配,译为打败某人。因此此处应填knees。答案为knees。

6.It was hard to describe the nightmare she had lived ________.

[答疑编号506494090323:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】through

【答案解析】译文:很难描述她曾经经历过的噩梦。live through为固定搭配,意为经历

过(不好的事情),挺过来。答案为through。

Ⅲ Bridging the Gap

Directions: Fill in the blanks with a word or a phrase that best completes the passage. You choose a suitable one from the list given.

⑦picking up ①because ⑨important ③left ⑤moment

④angry ⑥handed ⑧promise ⑩lesson ②around

I was due to go to the airport at 9:00 am to pick up my Uncle Ali and take him to my father house.However, I forgot ① I was hanging out with my friends. Later that day, ② 11:00 am I remembered my uncle, but by then he had ③ the airport and taken a taxi to my father's house. I reached my father's house at 2:00 pm. Immediately I could see from my father's face how ④ he w At that ⑤ , I felt deeply ashamed of myself.

[答疑编号506494090324:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】①because;②around;③left;④angry;⑤moment

【答案解析】①联系空格的上下文可以看出,上文译为“我需要在上午9点前到机场接我

的叔叔Ali,然而我____和朋友逛街把这事忘了。”空格应填入表示原因的连词,因

此此处应填because。答案为because。

②空格后为表示时间点的词,所以空格处应填介词或副词,因此应选择around。答案

为around。

③空格处需要填入一个动词过去分词与前面的had构成过去完成时,因此可以在

handed与left中选择。联系上下文,此处应填left,译为“那个时候他已经离开机场打

车去我父亲那里了。”答案为left。

④结合空格后面的he was,可以知道空格处应填形容词作was的表语,因此应在

important与angry中选择。联系上下文,此处应填angry,译为“从父亲的脸上,立刻就

能看出他有多生气。”答案为angry。

⑤联系上下文,可知此处应填moment,at that moment 译为“在那一刻”。答案为

moment。

After I had greeted my father and uncle, my father asked me to sit next to him and ⑥ me a as a gift. Then he said, "John, did you have fun with your friends today?" I answered, "Yes, fa and I'm sorry about not ⑦ Uncle Ali." He said, "You were careless and inconsiderate. Uncle Ali very tired now. You should be sorry for that." I was ashamed and said, "Father, I'll never let down again. I ⑧ ." He said, "Well, I hope today you have learned something ⑨ , and this watch be a reminder for you." He told me to take the watch and use it to help organize my life. In th way I learned a very important ⑩ from my father: to be punctual and thereby considerate toward others.

[答疑编号506494090325:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】⑥handed;⑦picking up;⑧promise;⑨important;⑩lesson

【答案解析】⑥在句子“my father asked me to sit next him and ________”中,and

为并列连词,所以空格处应填动词过去式,与and前面的asked保持时态一致,因此此处

应填handed,译为“父亲让我挨着他坐下,送给我一块手表做礼物。”答案为handed。

⑦be sorry about not doing sth. 译为“因没有做某事而感到歉疚”。联系上下

文,此处应填picking up。答案为picking up。

⑧联系上下文,此处应填promise,译为“我答应您,以后再不会让您失望了。”答

案为promise。

⑨当形容词修饰不定代词时,二者的位置关系是不定代词+形容词。因此此处应填入

形容词important,译为“我希望今天你学到了一些重要的东西。”答案为important。

⑩本题考查固定搭配learn a lesson,译为“吸取教训,引以为戒”。答案为lesson。

【参考译文】

我需要在上午9点到机场接我的叔叔Ali,并把他带到我父亲家。然而我因为和朋友逛街把这事忘了。那天大约上午11点我想起接我叔叔的事了,那个时候他已经离开机场打

车去我父亲那里了。我下午两点到达我父亲家。从父亲的脸上,立刻就能看出他有多么生

气。

在那一刻,我深深地感到羞愧。我问候了他们之后,父亲让我挨着他坐下,递给我一块手表做礼物。然后他对我说,“John,你今天跟朋友玩儿得开心吗?”我回答说,“是

的,父亲,我很抱歉没有接Ali叔叔。”他说,“你是一个粗心和不替别人着想的人。Ali

叔叔现在很累了,你应该为此感到惭愧。”我很不好意思说道,“父亲,我答应您,以后

再不会让您失望了。”他说“我希望今天你学到了一些重要的东西,这块表将给你作为一

个提醒物。”他告诉我带走这块表并用它帮助我的生活有条理。这样,我从父亲那学到了

一个非常重要的教训:做守时并且为别人着想的人。

Ⅳ Translation

Section A

Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words or phrases in t brackets.

1.I want to__________(花点儿时间和他在一起)before he goes. (a bit)

[答疑编号506494090326:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】spend a bit of time staying with him

【答案解析】本题考查点有两个。(1)固定用法sb. + spend + 时间+ (in)doing

sth. (此处应注意避免与另一表达结构混淆,即it takes sb.+时间+to do sth.)。

(2)“一点时间”应译为a bit time。答案为spend a bit of time staying with

him。

2.She claims that the system is at fault and __________(某种意义上说她是对的); it could b improved. (in a sense)

[答疑编号506494090327:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】she's right in a sense

【答案解析】本题考查固定搭配in a sense,译为“从某种意义上说”。答案为she's

right in a sense。

3.__________(我一直感到情绪低落)ever since I lost my job. (feel down)

[答疑编号506494090328:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】I have been feeling down

【答案解析】本题考查现在完成进行时,其由“have/has+ been +现在分词”构成。当句

中带有表示一段时间的时间状语,如:since +时间点/从句时,表示从过去某一时间开始

一直延续到现在并还可能继续延续下去的动作。答案为I have been feeling down。

4._________(无论我建议什么), he always disagrees.(whatever)

[答疑编号506494090329:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】Whatever I suggest

【答案解析】本题考查让步状语从句“疑问词-ever”的含义为“……都……;不管……

都……”(“no matter+ 疑问词”可以与“疑问词-ever”互换)。答案为Whatever I

suggest。

5.Philip ___________________ (深吸了一口气)and dived in. (take a breath)

[答疑编号506494090330:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】took a deep breath

【答案解析】本题考查时态一致原则。句中and为并列连词,其后的动词为一般过去式,

因此空格处动词也应为一般过去式。答案为took a deep breath。

Section B

Directions: Translate the following paragraph into Chinese.

How many of us realize the fact that life is beautiful and that we have the choice to cheri every moment of it? Life is like a garland made up of flowers. In this garland each and every f is important. Just as a garland is made up of many flowers, so our life is a long journey, made of many precious moments. We need to cherish, savour and value these moments. Means are more important than ends. Real joy lies in the process, not in the final product.

[答疑编号506494090331:针对该题提问]

【参考译文】生活是美好的,我们要抓住机会珍惜生活中的每个瞬间,这个事实又有多少

人领悟到了呢?生活就像用美丽花朵编成的花环,花环上的每一朵花都是珍贵的。我们的

生活是长途旅行,由许许多多宝贵的瞬间组成,这些瞬间恰似花环上那些花儿。我们要珍

惜、欣赏这些瞬间,并且赋予他们价值。过程远比结果重要,真正的喜悦藏在过程中,而

并非在最终的结果里。

Ⅴ Organizing Your Ideas

Directions: Put the following sentences in the proper order so that they make a complete paragraph.

1.Think about it for a moment: Most of us get upset or feel bad toward ourselves when we be that we or someone else is wasting our time.

2.One of the keys to living a successful life is to feel like you're making every minute co

3.Most of us can accept the fact that to live the life of our dreams we are still going to to do things we don't necessarily want to do or find all that fulfilling.

4.In order to feel like we're living the life of our dreams, we assume that there are no wa moments.

5.It's the "I'd rather be [doing something else.]" lament.

6.So, if having no wasted time is the goal, how do we, achieve that?

7.But, we're willing to "pay the price", so to speak.

8.Well, there are three keys: plan and prepare, accept responsibility, fully enjoy your tim off.

[答疑编号506494090332:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】排列句子顺序: 3 — 1—5 — 7 —6 —8 —2—4

【答案解析】文章开始提出问题,我们大多数人为梦想而活的同时,不得不做一些非必要

的事(第3句);然后叙述在做这些非必要的事时我们的态度,依次应是第1、5、7句;

接着转折话题为“如果以不浪费时间为目标,我们应该如何去实现呢”(第6句);后面

分别介绍了具体做法,依次应是第8、2、4句。

【参考译文】

1、我们多数人都能接受这一事实,我们是为了梦想而活着,为此我们不得不做一些不

必要的事情。

2、想一想这点:当我们认为我们自己或者其他人正在浪费我们的时间,此时大部分

4、人会生气或者感觉不好。

3、后悔的哀叹道:“我还不如干点别的事呢”。

4、但是,我们这么说是因为“付出了代价”。

5、那么,如果没有浪费时间,我们如何达到人生目标?

6、有三个要点:计划和有准备,承担责任和充分享受闲暇。

7、成功的一生关键之一是要做到每一分钟都有价值。

8、为了实现我们的梦想,我们假定:不浪费片刻时间。

Ⅵ Reflecting on the Text

We often take other people for granted: our parents, our friends, our teachers. We often re their true value only when they are no longer with us. We need to constantly remind ourselves o much we owe to others, and to think of those less fortunate than ourselves. We should remember with good fortune comes responsibility; and that there can be nothing more exciting or fulfilli life than providing effective help or showing much needed kindness to those less fortunate than ourselves. What have been the most exciting and fulfilling moments in your life so far?

[答疑编号506494090333:针对该题提问]

【写作思路】首先阐述在你的经历中,你觉得最难忘最兴奋的事是什么。The most fulfilling moments my life so far is…然后描述事情的概况,说明为什么你会有如此的感受。Three years ago, I ... I fee excited that I can…最后概括下这样的经历对你有如何重要的意义。

Text B

New Words

1、keeper n. a person whose job is to take care of a building, its contents or something valuable 看守人

2、spring n. a place where water comes naturally to the surface from under the ground 泉

3、late adj. no longer alive 已故的

4、eloquent adj. able to use language and express your opinions well 雄辩的;有口才的

5、chaplain n. a priest or other Christian minister who is responsible for the religious ne of people in a prison, hospital, etc. or in the armed forces 牧师

6、senate n. one of the two groups of elected politicians who make laws in some countries, example in the US, Australia, Canada and France 参议院

7、dweller n. a person or an animal that lives in the particular place 居住者

8、slope n. an area of land that is part of a mountain or hill 山坡

9、councilman n. (AmE)a man who is a member of the government of a city in the US (美国的议员

10、debris n. pieces of material that are not wanted and rubbish that is left somewhere 废弃

11、crevice n. a narrow crack in a rock or wall 裂缝

12、faithful adj. staying with or supporting a particular person, organization or belief 忠

13、regularity n. the fact that the same thing happens again and again 经常性

14、patrol v. to go around an area or a building at regular times to check that it is safe that there is no trouble 巡查

15、remove v. to get rid of something unpleasant, dirty, etc.去除

16、silt n. sand, mud, etc. that is carried by flowing water and is left at the mouth of a 淤泥

17、choke v. to block or fill a passage, space, etc. so that movement is difficult 阻塞

18、contaminate v. to make a substance or place dirty by adding a substance that is dangero carries disease 污染

19、attraction n. an interesting or enjoyable place to go 有吸引力的地方

20、graceful adj. moving in a controlled, attractive way or having a smooth, attractive for 雅的

21、float v. to move slowly on water or in the air 浮动;漂流

22、crystal clear adj. (of glass, water, etc.)completely clear and bright (玻璃、水等)清明的;晶莹的

23、mill wheel n. a large wheel that is turned by water and that makes the machinery of a m work 水车轮

24、various adj. several different 各种各样的

25、located adj. if something is located in a particular place, it exists there or has been there 位于;坐落在

26、irrigate v. to supply water to an area of land through pipes or channels so that crops grow 灌溉

27、picturesque adj. pretty, especially in a way that looks old-fashioned 优美的

28、description n. a piece of writing or speech that says what somebody/something is like 描

29、council n. a group of people who are elected to govern an area such as a city or county 议会

30、semiannual adj. occurring every six months or twice a year 半年一次的

31、budget n. the money that is available to a person or an organization and a plan of how will be spent over a period of time 预算

32、obscure adj. not well known 无名的;鲜为人知的

33、ranger n. a person whose job is to take care of a park, a forest or an area of countrys 护林人

34、unanimous adj. all agreeing on a decision or an opinion 一致同意的

35、shed v. to fall off as part of a natural process (植物)落(叶)

36、snap v. to break something suddenly with a sharp noise; to be broken in this way 断裂

37、hinder v. to make it difficult for something to happen 阻碍

38、sparkling adj. shining and flashing with light 闪耀的

39、slight adj. very small in degree 略微的

40、tint n. a faint colour covering a surface 淡色

41、slimy adj. covered with an unpleasant thick slippery substance 黏糊糊的

42、film n. a thin layer of something, usually on the surface of something else 薄薄的一层

43、section n. any of the parts into which something is divided 地段

44、foul adj. dirty and smelling bad 难闻的

45、odor n. (AmE)a smell, especially one that is unpleasant 气味;臭味

46、detect v. to discover or notice something, especially something that is not easy to see hear, etc. 发现

47、embarrassed adj. shy, awkward or ashamed, especially in a social situation 窘迫的,尴尬

48、gross adj. very obvious and unacceptable 严重的

49、veritable adj. used to emphasize that somebody/ something can be compared to somebody/ something else that is more exciting, more impressive, etc.名副其实的

50、hamlet n. a very small village 小村庄

51、seeming adj. appearing to be something that may not be true 看似……的

52、fast adv. firmly; completely 牢固地

Phrases and Expressions

1、clear away to make a place look tidier by removing things or putting things back where t belong 清除

2、wipe away to remove, for example by using a cloth or your hand 擦除

3、dispense with to stop using somebody/something because you no longer need them or it 摒弃再用

4、grind to a halt to go slower gradually and then stop completely 慢慢停下来

5、clear up to make something clean and neat 使整洁;清理

6、cling to to be unwilling to stop doing something 坚持

Proper Names

1、Peter Marshall 彼得·马歇尔

2、the Alps 阿尔卑斯山脉

Text B Keeper of the Spring

Pre-reading Questions

1.If you are given an unimportant job, how will you react and how will you finish the job?

2.Why do you think the council didn't realize the importance of the keeper of the spring?

Keeper of the Spring

The late Peter Marshall was an eloquent speaker and for several years served as the chaplai the US Senate. He used to love to tell the story of the "Keeper of the Spring", a quiet forest dweller who lived high above an Austrian village along the eastern slope of the Alps.

The old gentleman had been hired many years earlier by a young town councilman to clear awa debris from the pools of water up in the mountain crevices that fed the lovely spring flowing through their town. With faithful, silent regularity, he patrolled the hills, removed the leave branches, and wiped away the silt that would otherwise have choked and contaminated the fresh f of water. ①The village soon became a popular attraction for vacationers. Graceful swans float along the crystal clear spring, the mill wheels of various businesses located near the water tu day and night, farmlands were naturally irrigated, and the views from restaurants were pictures beyond description.

Years passed. One evening the town council met for its semiannual meeting. As they reviewed budget, one man's eye caught the salary being paid to the obscure keeper of the spring. Said th keeper of the purse, "Who is the old man? Why do we keep him on year after year? No one ever se him. For all we know, the strange ranger of the hills is doing us no good. He isn't necessary a longer." By a unanimous vote, they dispensed with the old man's services.

For several weeks, nothing changed.

By early autumn, the trees began to shed their leaves. Small branches snapped off and fell the pools, hindering the rushing flow of sparkling water. One afternoon someone noticed a sligh yellowish-brown tint in the spring. A few days later, the water was much darker. Within another

week, a slimy film covered sections of the water along the banks, and a foul odor was soon dete The mill wheels moved more slowly, some finally ground to a halt. Swans left, as did the touris Clammy fingers of disease and sickness reached deeply into the village.②

Quickly, the embarrassed council called a special meeting. Realizing their gross error of judgment, they rehired the old keeper of the spring and, within a few weeks,the veritable rive life began to clear up. ③The wheels started to turn, and new life returned to the hamlet in th Alps.

Never become discouraged with the seeming smallness of your task, job, or life. Cling fast the words of Edward Everett Hale: "I am only one, but still I am one. I cannot do everything, b still I can do something; and because I cannot do everything, I will not refuse to do something can do." The key to accomplishment is believing that what you can do will make a difference.④Key Sentences

1.With faithful, silent regularity, he patrolled the hills, removed the leaves and branches wiped away the silt that would otherwise have choked and contaminated the fresh flow of water.

他很尽职,默默地定期到山上巡逻,清理树叶和树枝,除去可能堵塞或者污染清泉的淤泥。

2.Clammy fingers of disease and sickness reached deeply into the village.

疾病的魔爪开始伸向村庄。

3.Realizing their gross error of judgment, they rehired the old keeper of the spring and, w

a few weeks,the veritable river of life began to clear up.

他们意识到了自己判断上的严重错误,重新雇佣了那位老人,在几周的时间里河水又变得清洁了。

4.The key to accomplishment is believing that what you can do will make a difference.

成功的秘诀在于,要相信你所能做的事情终会有所收获。

Text B Keeper of the Spring

Exercises

Ⅰ Checking Your Comprehension

Section A

Directions: Read the following statements and mark Y (for Yes)if the statement agrees wit information given in the text; N (for No)if the statement contradicts the information given i text; NG (for Not Given)if the information is not given in the text.

()1. The keeper of the spring used to be a young town councilman.

[答疑编号506494090601:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】N

【答案解析】译文:泉水的守护人曾经是一位年轻的议员。本题着重考查细节,从文章第

二段第一句话可以得知,作为守护人的老人并未担任过议员,而是受雇于某位议员。因此

这个判断是错误的。答案为N。

()2. The village became a tourist attraction because of the keeper’s work.

[答疑编号506494090602:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】Y

【答案解析】译文:这个村庄成为吸引游客的旅游地是因为守护人的工作。通过阅读文章

第二段可以得知,在护林老人用心的工作护理下,村庄变得整洁美丽而吸引大量游客,因

此这个判断是正确的。答案为Y。

()3. The town council met because the keeper was getting too old.

[答疑编号506494090603:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】N

【答案解析】译文:小镇的议会召开会议是因为护林老人的年纪太大了。我们可以从文章第三段的第二句话“one evening the town council met for its semiannual meeting”

可以知道,小镇的会议是每半年一次定期召开的,与护林老人无关。因此这个判断是错误的。答案为N。

()4. Half of the councilmen voted that they didn't need the keeper.

[答疑编号506494090604:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】N

【答案解析】译文:一半的议员投票认为没有必要继续使用守护人。我们可以从文章第三段的最后一句话找到答案“by a unanimous vote, they dispensed with the old man's service.”句中的unanimous 表示是全体议员一致同意的。因此这个判断是错误的。答案为N。

()5. The keeper of the spring was worried when the river became dirty.

[答疑编号506494090605:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】NG

【答案解析】译文:当河水变脏,泉水守护人很担忧。通读全文,当河水变脏时作为守护人的老人已经被解雇,他是否因此而担忧并未提及。正确答案为NG。

()6. The council was embarrassed and decided to hire the keeper again.

[答疑编号506494090606:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】Y

【答案解析】译文:(当环境变得很糟时)议会很尴尬并决定重新雇佣那位老人。通过阅读倒数第二段第一、第二个句子,可以得知这个判断是正确的。答案为Y。

Section B

Directions: Complete the following sentences with the information given in the text.

1. The keeper of the spring did his job with___________.

[答疑编号506494090607:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】faithful and silent regularity

【答案解析】通过阅读文章第二段第二个句子with faithful, silent regularity,和

patrolled…of water可以知道,此处应填faithful,silent regularity。答案为

faithful and silent regularity。

2. Tourists in the restaurants would find the views picturesque ___________.

[答疑编号506494090608:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】beyond description

【答案解析】通过阅读文章第二段的最后一个句子可以知道,此处应填beyond

description。答案为beyond description。

3. One councilman questioned the keeper's work when his eye caught the keeper's ___________

[答疑编号506494090609:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】salary

【答案解析】通过阅读文章第三段的第二个句子可以知道,此处应填salary。答案为

salary。

4. The village was affected by the dirty river which was like clammy fingers of___________.

[答疑编号506494090610:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】disease and sickness

【答案解析】通过阅读文章第五段最后一个句子可以知道,此处应填disease and

sickness,答案为disease and sickness。

5. The council rehired the old keeper of the spring after they realized their________.

[答疑编号506494090611:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】gross error of judgment

【答案解析】通过阅读文章第六段第二个句子可以知道,此处应填gross error of

judgment。答案为gross error of judgment。

6. Believing that what you can do will make a difference is ___________.

[答疑编号506494090612:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】the key to accomplishment

【答案解析】通过阅读文章最后一个句子可以知道,此处应填the key to

accomplishment。答案为the key to accomplishment。

Ⅱ Building Your Vocabulary

Section A

Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with the correct choice of the words g in the brackets.

1. His __________ old dog accompanied him everywhere he went. (faith, faithful)

[答疑编号506494090613:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】faithful

【答案解析】译文:无论他走到哪儿,那条忠实的老狗都陪在他身边。空格处需要形容词

作old dog的定语,因此应选用形容词faithful。答案为faithful。

2. What _________ me most about the job was the chance to travel. (attracted, attraction)

[答疑编号506494090614:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】attracted

【答案解析】译文:这份工作最打动我的地方在于可以有机会去旅行。was前为主语从

句,空格处为主语从句的谓语,因此应选用动词attracted。答案为attracted。

3. It's not _________ for a child of his age to be so quiet. (nature, natural)

[答疑编号506494090615:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】natural

【答案解析】译文:对于像他这个年龄的孩子来说,保持安静是不自然的。本题考查固定

用法it is + adj. + for sb. + to do sth.。此处应选用形容词natural。答案为

natural。

4. The youth is __________ as being 18 to 19 years old. (described, description)

[答疑编号506494090616:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】described

【答案解析】译文:介于18到19岁的人群被界定为青少年。本题考查被动语态的用法,

结构为“be+动词过去分词”,因此此处选用describe的过去分词形式described。答案

为described。

5. A lot of families cannot even afford to buy the basic _________ of life. (necessities, necessary)

[答疑编号506494090617:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】necessities

【答案解析】译文:很多家庭甚至没有足够的钱用来购买最基本的生活必需品。此处需要

填入名词,被空格前的basic修饰,因此此处选用necessities。答案为necessities。

6. There has been a___________ improvement in her health. (notice, noticeable)

[答疑编号506494090618:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】noticeable

【答案解析】译文:她的健康状况有了明显的好转。空格处需要填入形容词修饰其后的

improvement。因此此处选用noticeable。

Section B

Directions: Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the form where necessary. located 位于 float 漂浮 detect 发现 rehire 重新雇用

seeming 看似 vacation 假期 budget 预算 obscure 鲜为人知的

1. We're hoping to take a _________ at the end of July.

[答疑编号506494090619:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】vacation

【答案解析】译文:我们想要在七月底去度假。本题考查固定用法take a vacation,意

为“去度假”。答案为vacation。

2. She spent the afternoon _________ on her back in the pool.

[答疑编号506494090620:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】(in)floating

【答案解析】译文:她一下午都在泳池里仰浮。本题考查点有两个,一是固定搭配float

on one's back,意为“某人仰浮”;二是固定句式sb. spend time/money (in)doing

sth.译为“花费时间(金钱)做某事”。在这个句式中需要注意的是主语必须为人,in可

以省略。因此此处应填floating或in floating。答案为(in)floating。

3. The business is___________ right in the center of town.

[答疑编号506494090621:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】located

【答案解析】译文:这个商家坐落于城镇的正中心。本题考查固定用法be located in,

译为“坐落于,位于”。因此此处应填located。答案为located。

4. His real motive for the crime remains _________.

[答疑编号506494090622:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】obscure

【答案解析】译文:他真正的作案动机仍不清楚。根据句意,此处应填obscure。答案为obscure。

5. Many forms of cancer can be cured if _________ early.

[答疑编号506494090623:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】detected

【答案解析】译文:许多类型的癌症,如果(被)发现得早的话是可以治愈的。根据句意,此处应选择detect。结合表述上的逻辑关系,癌症应为“被发现”,所以此处应使用过去分词形式表示被动的含义,因此此处应填detected。答案为detected。

6. He remains confident and _________ untroubled by his recent problems.

[答疑编号506494090624:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】seemingly

【答案解析】译文:他很自信,看起来并没有被近来的麻烦所困扰。此处可填副词修饰并列表语中的第二个形容词untroubled。答案为seemingly。

Section C

Directions: Complete each of the following sentences with a suitable word.

1.Homeowners are clearing _________ brushwood near their houses to prevent fires.

[答疑编号506494090625:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】away

【答案解析】译文:为了防火,房主们正在清除他们房子附近的灌木丛。clear away意为清除,因此空格处应填away。答案为away。

2.Being together day and _________ can put great pressure on any relationship.

[答疑编号506494090626:针对该题提问]

【正确答案】night

【答案解析】译文:对任何关系来说,整天在一起都会造成很大的压力。根据句意,空格处应填night,构成固定搭配day and night,意为“日日夜夜,不分昼夜”。答案为night。

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