鞋子类英文专用术语：鞋子种类及部位名称鞋子种类(shoes variety)
Athletic shoes /Sports shoes运动鞋Casual shoes便鞋Hiking shoes/Travelling shoes旅游鞋Slipper拖鞋Sandals凉鞋Boots马靴Work boots工作鞋Axido沙滩鞋Canvas帆布鞋Sport boots运动鞋Pumps高跟鞋Climbing shoes登山鞋Football shoes足球鞋Jogging shoes慢跑鞋Basketball shoes篮球鞋Canvas帆布鞋Casualshoes便鞋Pumps高跟鞋Leisure休闲鞋Tennis shoes网球鞋Baseball shoes棒球鞋Aerobic shoes舞蹈鞋
部位名称(Location name)
upper vamp鞋面counter后套binding滚边last 楦头top line鞋口sole edge底边seams缝合处bows 饰片stain染色adhered粘贴bumper包头片steel toe钢头eyelet and lace鞋眼带embroidery 电绣quarter鞋腰(身) Tongue鞋舌Insole中底Weit 沿条Ornament饰物Toe box头套Siping切沟Soles底台Zigzag万能Eye stay眼套Collar领口Top 面线Back strap后吊带Outsole大底Mid sole-EV A EV A中插Open toe鞋头开口Open back鞋后开口Lace loop穿环Reinforcements补强Hand sews手缝马克Reinforce tape补强带Inside corners内弯角Insole board中底纸板Textile lining布料衬里Plat forms包边中底台Wovens/weaves编织类Lining内里Heel 脚跟Foxing护条Eye let 鞋眼片Overlay饰片Socks鞋垫Box toe鞋衬里Print印刷Perforation冲孔Toe cap鞋头Toe part鞋头部Bobbin 底线Bar加强线Heat sealed熔封鞋的一搬缺点Defect) Vamp wrinking鞋面皱纹Stitching not even车不平均Tricot shows up特丽可得露出来
Wrapping not even攀帮不均匀Shank too loose铁心太松Heel not straight后套不正Sole come off底脱胶Wrong pattern 纸板错误Wrong material材料错误Wrong cutting裁断错误Toe broken down鞋头凹陷Color variation色差Wrong last 楦头错误Wrong colour颜色错误Damaged upper鞋面破损Not in pair不配双Crooked back stay 后套歪斜Crooked upper鞋面弯曲Crooked屈曲,不平顺Vamp length鞋头大小Lasting off center攀歪Sole laying not proper(centered)贴底不正确Back strap too high(low,long,short)后拉带太高Abrasion磨损Stitching not on the mark不照记号齿车Angle on insole中底发角Vamp open up鞋面掀开Wrapping not tight攀帮不紧Shank not straight铁心不正Cementing comes off脱胶Outsole not smooth大底不平Gore too weak松紧带弹性不佳Cement on heel鞋眼沾胶Cementing no good接着力不佳Cleanness not enough清洁度不佳Vamp split off 鞋面爆开Color not matching色差Loose thread脱线Broken thread断线Trun yellow变黄Turn dark变黑Pinch in 缩进去Flatten变平Rough粗糙x-ray透痕smeary污染hairy 起毛gaping 缝隙sole adhesion大底欠胶chip碎屑dirty 脏的get mildew发霉back height 后跟高度over cemented溢胶bottom dirty大底不洁
wet operation 湿场作业trimming and sorting 削整及分皮soaking 浸水fleshing 削肉unhairing 脱毛bating 酵解软化picking 浸酸tanning 鞣制wringing 挤水splitting and shaving 起层及削里retanning, coloring 再鞣,染色setting out 张皮dry operation 干场作业drying 干燥conditioning 回湿staking 铲软buffing 磨皮finshing 整饰measuring 量皮grading 分级a alligator 鳄鱼皮也称为crocodile皮antelope leather 羚羊皮革b buckskin 鹿绒皮buffalo hides 水牛皮buffalo hides, salted, wet 盐湿水牛皮bullhide 公牛皮
butt-branded steers 臀部有烙印阉牛皮butt leather 臀皮c cabreta 卡利大皮calf leather 小牛皮calfskin 小牛皮calfskin, with the hair on, dyed 染色小牛皮camel leather 骆驼皮革cape skin 开普皮carpincho 河马皮cattle hide 大牛皮cattle leather, dyed 染色牛皮cattle leather, metallized 烫金属牛皮cattle leather, patent 漆牛皮chamois-dressed leather 油鞣皮(雪米皮) chicago wet-salted hides 芝加哥湿盐皮colorado steerhide 科罗拉多阉牛皮cordovan 马臀皮covers, file leather 公文夹用皮革cowhide 母牛皮cowhides, salted, wet 盐湿黄牛皮crocodile leather 鳄鱼皮 d deer leather 鹿皮革deerskin 鹿皮deerskin, chamois-dressed 鹿皮doeskin 羊绒皮doeskin, chamois-dressed 油鞣牡鹿皮dried 皮干flesher 羊榔皮fox fur skin, dressed 硝制狐皮fox fur skin, dyed 染色狐皮fur skins, tanned or dressed 鞣制或硝制毛皮goat leather 山羊皮goat leather, dyed 染色山羊皮goat leather, metallized 烫金属山羊皮goatskin 山羊皮goatskin, dyed 染色山羊皮hairsheep 直毛羊皮---绵羊的毛呈直条波浪型头发一样heavy cows 重量母牛皮
heavy native cows 重量无烙印母牛皮heavy native heifers 重量无烙印小母牛皮heavy native steers 重量无烙印阎牛皮heifer 母童牛皮hide 大件皮hide, buffalo, dehaired, tanned 水牛皮hide, cattle or cow, dehaired, tanned 牛皮(黄牛皮) hide, ox, dehaired, tanned 牡牛皮hide, steer, dehaired, tanned 牡犊皮hide, zebra, dehaired, tanned 班玛皮holster, pistol, leather 手枪皮套horsehide 马皮horse leather, dyed 烫金属马皮horse leather, patent 漆马皮inner hide, cow and buffalo dried 黄牛, 水牛内皮kangaroo 袋鼠皮kidskin skin 小羊皮lambskin, chamois-dressed 油鞣仔羊皮leather of sheep and lambskins 绵羊及仔绵羊皮leather auxiliaries 皮革助剂leather of goat and kidskins 山羊及仔山羊皮leather sole 皮底leather upper 皮面leather, buffalo 水牛革leather, calf, chrome-tanned colored and polished 铬鞣染色打光小牛皮leather, cattle or cow 牛革leather, crust, calf 硬小牛皮leather, curried, calf 鞣制小牛皮leather, kid skin 仔山羊皮leather, ox 牡牛革leather, sole, calf 制鞋底用小牛皮leather, vamp, calf 制鞋面小牛皮leather, horse or equine 马革leather, mule 骡革leather, steer 牡犊革leather, zebra 斑马革leopard fur skin, dressed 硝制豹皮leopard fur skin, dyed 染色豹皮light cows 轻量母牛皮light native cows 轻量无烙印母牛/阉牛皮lizard leather 蜥蜴皮lizard skin 蜥蜴皮=蜥蜴类动物的皮marten fur skin, dressed 硝制貂皮marten fur skin, dyed 染色貂皮macha 摩卡皮muntafac fur skin, dressed 硝制羌皮muntafac fur skin, dyed 染色羌皮ostrich 鸵鸟皮parchment-dressed leather 羊皮纸型熟皮patent and metallized leather 漆皮及硬化剂peccary 野猪皮pelt 生毛皮pheasant 鳗鱼皮pickled hides 浸酸牛皮pickled lamb pelts, run 浸酸羔羊皮pigskin lining leather 猪里皮pigskin upper leather 猪面皮pigskin split leather 猪榔皮pigskin 原料盐皮pigskin nubuck upper leather 猪磨面皮pigskins leather, tanned 加工猪皮pony skin 小马皮pony skin, dyed 染色小马皮queensland hides 昆士兰皮reconstituted and artificial leather containing leather or leather fibre 再生&人造皮革release paper 离型纸shark leather 鲨鱼皮sharkskin 鲨鱼皮shearling 毛羊皮sheep and lambskins with the wool 带毛之绵羊及其羔羊皮sheep and lambskins without the wool 不带毛之绵羊及其羔羊皮sheep leather 绵羊皮sheep leather, dyed 染色绵羊皮sheep leather, metallized 烫金属绵羊皮sheep leather, patent 漆绵羊皮sheepskin 硝制绵羊皮sheepskin, chamois-dressed 油鞣羊皮sheepskin. with hair on, dyed 染色绵羊皮skin 小件皮skin, bird, with feathers removed, ranned 去毛加工之鸟皮skin, rhinceros 犀牛皮skiver 薄羊面皮snakeskins, dried 干蛇皮snakeskins, tanned 加工蛇皮split leather 榔皮, 二层皮steerhide 阉牛皮suede 反毛皮swine leather, dyed 染色猪皮swine leather, enamelled 上釉猪皮swine leather, metallized 烫金猪皮tanning auxiliaries 鞣革助剂tanning extracts 鞣革剂
tassels, leather 皮革饰缝tiger fur skin, dressed 硝制虎皮titanium 钛白粉trimmings, leather 皮制饰品upper leather of cattle and calf 牛及小牛之面皮upper leather of goat 山羊面皮upper leather of kid 仔山羊
品质条件
品质quality 原样original sample
规格specifications 复样duplicate sample
说明description 对等样品countersample
标准standard type 参考样品reference sample
商品目录catalogue 封样sealed sample
宣传小册pamphlet 公差tolerance
货号article No. 花色（搭配）assortment
样品sample 5% 增减5% plus or minus
代表性样品representative sample
大路货（良好平均品质）fair average quality
商检仲裁
索赔claim 争议disputes
罚金条款penalty 仲裁arbitration
不可抗力force Majeure 仲裁庭arbitral tribunal
产地证明书certificate of origin
品质检验证书inspection certificate of quanlity
重量检验证书inspection certificate of weight (quantity) **商品检验局**commodity inspection bureau (*.C.I.B) 品质、重量检验证书inspection certificate
数量条件
个数number 净重net weight
容积capacity 毛作净gross for net
体积volume 皮重tare
毛重gross weight
溢短装条款more or less clause
外汇
外汇foreign exchange 法定贬值devaluation
外币foreign currency 法定升值revaluation
汇率rate of exchange 浮动汇率floating rate
国际收支balance of payments 硬通货hard currency 直接标价direct quotation 软通货soft currency
间接标价indirect quotation 金平价gold standard
买入汇率buying rate 通货膨胀inflation
卖出汇率selling rate 固定汇率fixed rate
金本位制度gold standard 黄金输送点gold points
铸币平价mint par 纸币制度paper money system
国际货币基金international monetary fund
黄金外汇储备gold and foreign exchange reserve
汇率波动的官定上下限official upper and lower limits of fluctuatio
鞋业专业术语英语
颜色
鞋子shoe
颜色colour
黑色black
红色red
米色bone beige
白色white
金色gold
珠光金色Pearlied gold
浅金色Light gold
白金色platinum
银色silver
珠光银色pearized silver
古铜色bronze
红铜色copper
蓝色blue
灰色gray
棕色Tan
深灰smoke
冰色ice
浅棕色light tan
混色mixtz
卡其khaki
紫色purple
酒红色deep wine
桔色orange
粉红色pink
桃红色fuchsia
咖啡色coffee
石头纹王彩tiffany
骆驼棕camel tan
锈色rust
骨色bone
鞍棕色saddle.tan
龟/玳瑁tortoise
栗褐色chestnut
黄色yellow
绿色green
透明色clear luctte
玫瑰红rose-bengal
材质类
拉链纹PU raffia pu
沙丁布satin
麻布linen
沙绸mesh
提花布tmaterial
山东绸gorsgrain
泰国绸Thai silk
绸布mircofabric
拉菲草raffia
镜面ratent
烫金wash gold
透明PVC clear pvc
透明跟clear heel
蛇纹snake
AR-18PU truekid wet pu
D-3PU wet pu
珍珠沙pearl
弹性stretch
皱布micro fab
编织woven
牛皮calf
羊皮sheepskin
巴西PU Brazilian pu
牛巴革nubuck
植毛绒velvet
金属PU semwtauic pu/met pu 金属PVC semwtauic pvc
半PU（仿PU）mipu.semi
柔软PVC casiling pvc
毛孔蚊PVC regularpvc
双包探纹PU pulgup pu
鞋结构
构型construction
材料material
型体号style#art.co
楦last
跟heel
中底insole
大底outsole
鞋面upper vanp
内里lining
鞋头toe
鞋舌tongue
领口collar
鞋垫sock lining
商标/布标logo label
布扣ornament
鞋扣buckie
鞋眼eyelet
鞋带lace
防水台platform
三角跟wedge
包头tip binding
内腰inside
处腰outside
层皮跟leather stack heel 印刷跟printed.heel
沿条welt
配汤色matching
（鞋面）车线upper stttch 裁断组
大底outsole
鞋垫sock tining
质腹bottom filler
鞋跟垫片heel pad
皮泉硬纸eather board
心纸底板shank board
牛皮leather
仿牛皮imitation leather 裁刀cutting dies
裁断垫皮cutting pad
布料cloth material
灯心绒corduroy
帆布canvas
反毛皮suede
PU poly urethane
尼龙nylon
麻布flax
特立可得tricot
毛巾布terry cloth
泡棉foam
绸面mesh
法兰绒flannel
不织布non woven
橡胶发泡Rubber pange 长毛里boa
毛暄felt
布里backing
加温式贴合flame
中底insole
镜面皮putent leather
小牛皮calfskin leather
小山羊皮kidskin leather 猪皮pigskin leather
磨面皮smooth leather
压花皮embossed leather 皮克龙Picalon
鞋头开口open toe
鞋后开口open back
鞋后密口closed back
鞋后密口open shank
鞋面upper
鞋面前端vamp
鞋腰quarter
鞋舌tongue
鞋舌扣环tongue coop
后上片mustache
处包片outside counter 里包片inside counter
鞋领collar
装饰带ornament
鞋流shaft of boot
后跟包皮heel cover
中底边insole binding
鞋口滚边topline binding
反口领cuff
成型组
后踵heel curre
跟踵crown of last
鞋头翘度toe spring
处理剂primer
胶水cement
中底insole
大底outsole
鞋带lace
中底垫皮sock lining
单底unit sole
生胶底plantation crepe
射出底injection crepe
中底midsole
中插wedge
后跟heel
天皮top life
钉书针staple
钉子nail
螺丝钉screw
前帮机lasting pincers
夹子lasting
攀鞋用手头钉Lasting tacks
楦头润滑剂Last slip
根皮Heel cover
橡胶糊Rubber cement
药水糊Neoprene
模子底shell sole
模子底moulded sole
鞋口topline
停留时间time dwell
中底滚边insole binding
鞋后高度back height
鞋头长度vamp length
鞋眼开口部位eyestay opening
填腹bottom filler
后跟垫片heel pad
中底钉合insole attacching
前帮机toe lating
腰帮机side lasting
后帮机heel seat
砂纸型打粗机sand paper
砂轮式打粗stone roughing
后踵整型back part
大底压着outsole press
拨楦pull out last
定型加硫箱neat setter
拨丝钉pull last
大底车线outsole
冷冻箱cooling chamber
放置铁心putting on shank
贴底outsole
包装用字
纸盒box
纸盒印字Box priting
纸版card board
纸箱carton
箱上贴签Carton lable
箱Case
层Layer
吊钩Hook
唛头Mark
尼龙带nylon band
包装packing
装箱单packing list
双数pairage
同面包装Side by side packing 配双pairing
价格标price ticket
干燥剂silica fee
包装纸tissue paper
胶带tape
标签Iag lable tichet
客户号码order NO
客户型号article NO
箱号carton NO
号码size
双数/数量quantity
毛重gross weight
净重net weight
材料字样
五克力纱绒布acrylic
全部人造材料All man
人造皮artifical
装饰边缘edging
配料accessory
拉着剂Adhesive
安第石油Antique oil
硫化剂Bridging agent
棉布Cotton flannel
软皮Casting leather
硬化剂hardener
发泡剂Blowing agent
鞋扣Buckie
培林Bearing
毛刷Brush
鞋带Weave tape
冰刀Blade
包跟Cover heel
打腊皮Burnished leather 松紧带Elastic band / gore 催化剂触媒Catalyst
软木片Cork sheet
生胶Crepe
打钉clip
International Journal of Minerals, Metallurgy and Materials Volume 17, Number 4, August 2010, Page 500 DOI: 10.1007/s12613-010-0348-y Corresponding author: Zhuan Li E-mail: li_zhuan@https://www.doczj.com/doc/293696576.html, ? University of Science and Technology Beijing and Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2010 Preparation and properties of C/C-SiC brake composites fabricated by warm compacted-in situ reaction Zhuan Li, Peng Xiao, and Xiang Xiong State Key Laboratory of Powder Metallurgy, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China (Received: 12 August 2009; revised: 28 August 2009; accepted: 2 September 2009) Abstract: Carbon fibre reinforced carbon and silicon carbide dual matrix composites (C/C-SiC) were fabricated by the warm compacted-in situ reaction. The microstructure, mechanical properties, tribological properties, and wear mechanism of C/C-SiC composites at different brake speeds were investigated. The results indicate that the composites are composed of 58wt% C, 37wt% SiC, and 5wt% Si. The density and open porosity are 2.0 g·cm–3 and 10%, respectively. The C/C-SiC brake composites exhibit good mechanical properties. The flexural strength can reach up to 160 MPa, and the impact strength can reach 2.5 kJ·m–2. The C/C-SiC brake composites show excellent tribological performances. The friction coefficient is between 0.57 and 0.67 at the brake speeds from 8 to 24 m·s?1. The brake is stable, and the wear rate is less than 2.02×10?6 cm3·J?1. These results show that the C/C-SiC brake composites are the promising candidates for advanced brake and clutch systems. Keywords: C/C-SiC; ceramic matrix composites; tribological properties; microstructure [This work was financially supported by the National High-Tech Research and Development Program of China (No.2006AA03Z560) and the Graduate Degree Thesis Innovation Foundation of Central South University (No.2008yb019).] 温压-原位反应法制备C / C-SiC刹车复合材料的工艺和性能 李专，肖鹏，熊翔 粉末冶金国家重点实验室，中南大学，湖南长沙410083，中国（收稿日期：2009年8月12日修订：2009年8月28日;接受日期：2009年9月2日） 摘要：采用温压?原位反应法制备炭纤维增强炭和碳化硅双基体(C/C-SiC)复合材
Company Starbucks Marketing Report Produced by Names 1.Student Number:9 Name : Grace 2.Student Number:1 Name : Ann 3.Student Number:2 Name : Tom 4.Student Number:8 Name : Serena 5.Student Number:16 Name : Anna Report date : 2014/12/10
Group :Grace Date: December 10, 2014 Executive summary The purpose of this report was to identify a suitable for Startbucks to introduce into a target market. As part of this process a strategic analysis was conducted to the environment. Strategies that mitigated threats and weakness and ones that took of these strategies a suitable new product was then developed. The booming of Chinese economy nourishes a broad coffee consumption market. Against this macroeconomic background, Starbucks puts the Chinese market into the first place of its overseas market except American market. Starbucks has made great business achievement in Chinese market, while it is also challenged by the devaluation of Startbucks’ brand and the downgrade of its core competitiveness. based on the background, product and environment analysis and strategy making ,analyses on many related literatures, this paper researched on the Startbucks’marketing strategies, analyses Startbucks’operating environment both internally and externally and summarizes the marketing strategies of Starbucks in china. The report was based on information from a range of data sources, including Star bucks’ websites and the magazines about this company
外企邮件常用英语表述 很多外企职员需要经常发些英文电子邮件来跟同事、老板沟通汇报工作，本文整理汇总了一些日常电子邮件中可能会频频用到的英文表述，像是咨询、建议、反馈、感谢等，希望有助大家的工作学习。 缩写ext. （Extension 电话分机） ?Greeting message 祝福 Hope you have a good trip back. 祝旅途愉快。 How are you? 你好吗？ How is the project going on? 项目进行顺利吗？ ?Initiate a meeting 发起会议 I suggest we have a call tonight at 9:30pm (China Time) with you and Brown. Please let me know if the time is okay for you and Ben. 我建议我们今晚九点半和Brown小聚一下，你和Ben有没有空？ I would like to hold a meeting in the afternoon about our development planning for the project A. 今天下午我建议我们就A项目的发展计划开会讨论一下。 We'd like to have the meeting on Thu Oct 30. Same time. 十月三十号(周三)，老时间，开会。
Let's make a meeting next Monday at 5:30 PM SLC time. 下周一盐湖城时区下午五点半开会。 I want to talk to you over the phone regarding issues about report development and the XXX project. 我想跟你电话讨论下报告进展和XXX项目的情况。 ?Seeking for more information/feedbacks/suggestions 咨询信息/反馈/建议Shall you have any problem accessing the folders, please let me knows. 如果存取文件有任何问题请和我联系。 Thank you and look forward to having your opinion on the estimation and schedule. 谢谢你，希望能听到更多你对评估和日程计划的建议。 Look forward to your feedbacks and suggestions soon. 期待您的反馈建议！ What is your opinion on the schedule and next steps we proposed? 你对计划方面有什么想法？下一步我们应该怎么做？ What do you think about this? 这个你怎么想？ Feel free to give your comments.
,希望有你需要的,希望有你喜欢的!! 1 the sting of a reproach,is the truth of it. 指责带给你刺痛，正是它的忠实之处。 2 virtue and happiness are mother and daugher. 美德和幸福犹如母女。 3 tall mankind are beholden to him that is kind to the good. 行善者，人人铭记之。 4 it＇s the easiest thing in the world for a man to deceive himself. 自欺是世上最易之事。 5 ＇tis easier to prevent bad hadits than to breadk them. 防止染上恶习远比消除恶习容易。 6 an old man in a house is a good sign. 家中有老是一个好迹象。 7 speak with contempt of none,form slave to king,the meanest bee,and will use,a sting. 别用言词贬低任何人，无论国王还是奴隶。最卑戝的蜜蜂也 8 beware,beware!he＇ll cheat＇ithout scruple,who can without fear. 当心，当心！行骗而无所畏惧者，也将无所顾虑。 9 how few there are who have courage enough to own their faults.or resolution enough to mend them! 承认并改正错误，需要有足够的勇气和决心 010 if thou dost ill,the joy fades,not the pains;if well,the pain doth fade,the joy remains. 你若作恶，消失的是快乐而非痛苦；你若行善，消失的 011 trick and treachery are the practice if fools,that have not wit enough to be honest. 傻瓜习惯于诡计和背判的伎俩，他们还没聪明到学会真诚待人 012 great beauty,great stength,and great riches,are really and truly of no great use;a right heart exceeds all. 貌美，力大，有钱，实无大益；一 013 let our fathers and garandfathers be valued for their goodness,ourselves for our own. 让父亲和祖辈因他们的善行受到尊重，让我们因我们自己的 014 thirst after desert,not reward. 渴求美德而非奖赏。 015 if thou injurest conscience,it will have its revenge on thee. 伤害良心，将受到良心的严惩。 016 if thou wouldest live long,live well;for folly and wickedness shorten life. 若欲求长寿，生活须行善，因为蠢行和邪恶会把生命缩短。 017 each year one vicious habit rooted out,in time minght make the worst man good throughout. 每年根除一恶习，恶根亦会成完人。 018 none but the well-bred man knows how to confess a fault,or acknowledge himself in an error. 唯有有教养者方知如何承认错误，或意识到自己行为 019 if you do what you should not,you must hear what you would not. 若做了不应做之事，则必然会听见不愿听之语。 020 let thy vices die before thee. 让恶习先你死去。 021 act uprightly,and despise calumny.dirt may stick to a mud wall,but not polish＇ d marble. 为人正直的就不惧诽谤：污物可以沾到泥墙上，却附不 022 an honest man will receive neither money nor praise,that is not his due. 正直的人既不收受他人的钱财，也不接受他人的奉承，这些都不是他应得的 023 the honest man takes pains,and then enjoys pleasure,the knave takes pleasure,and then suffers pains. 正直的人先经历痛苦，然后享受欢乐；无赖 024 he that doth what he should not,shall feel what he would not. 若做了不应该做的事，则将产生自己所不希望有的感觉。 025 the goodwill of the governed will be starv＇d,if not fed by the good deeds of
毕业设计说明书 英文文献及中文翻译 学院：专 2011年6月 电子与计算机科学技术软件工程
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《国际营销》期末论文 班级：Z0902 姓名：于涛学号：09 The Role of Government Abstract: The purpose of the passage is to describe the role of government in the market. Key words: Government market role develop The word’s markets are overseen by governments. Ideally, those governments set polices based on what they believe will serve the greatest number of their people to the greatest extent. The maintenance of nation borders is the single most important element that separates international trade from domestic trade. While consumers and producers make most decisions that mold the economy, government activities have a powerful effect on the market. Incubate special research, business and development, such as small businesses, space research, job training, unemployment insurance and more. Perhaps most importantly, the federal government guides the overall pace of economic activity, attempting to maintain steady growth, high levels of employment, and price stability. It can slow down or speed up the economy's rate of growth -- in the process, affecting the level of prices and employment. It is supposed to create and administer laws which are fair and equitable. Imagine any team sport without rules or referees. Experience has shown that neither the teams nor the fans find this acceptable. Without an independent referee disputes in a game could not be resolved. Most fans and teams are willing to put up with the occasional bad call rather than no calls at all. The same thing applies in government. Lately there has been a great deal of discussion about the power of the free market to regulate itself or the "invisible hand" to sort things out. Hundreds of years of experience had shown this not to work. Time and again markets have become unstable, either with bubbles such as the famous tulip mania or the "South Sea Island" bubble, or have become overly concentrated such as the standard oil trust. This leads inefficiency, since prices are distorted and resources are diverted from innovation and expansion of socially useful tasks. Without a referee the situation eventually fails anyway, but later and with more social damage than a well regulated society would provide. Modern society is going to continue to have government perform all functions. These have developed because there was a need, and because they worked more often than they failed. Progress will be made when the critics stop trying to turn the clock back to an imaginary past and devote their energies to optimizing what we have. "Liberals" can also do their part by focusing the discussion on the roles listed above and proposing improvements targeted to each sector. In fact, government plans important roles in the market. Government can protect and regulate the sustainable use of natural resources. Enforce and regulate fair and responsible business practices. Included in this is monitoring monetary policy, giving consumer protection and regulating banking practices. Determine and enforce civil laws of property and conduct. This includes the freedoms of the press, religion and rights of property. Provide public goods and services for the well-being of the community as a whole, such as infrastructure, vaccination programs, disaster relief, fireworks shows, public parks, basic healthcare, subsidized housing,
外企工作邮件100句~很实用！来源： 1. I am writing to confirm /enquire/inform you... 我写信时要确认/询问/通知你。。。 2. I am writing to follow up on our earlier decision on the marketing campaign in Q2. 我写信来追踪我们之前对于第二季度营销活动的决定。 3. With reference to our telephone conversation today... 关于我们今天在电话中的谈话。。。 4. In my previous e-mail on October 5... 先前在10月5日所写的信。。。 5. As I mentioned earlier about... 如我先前所提及关于。。。 6. as indicated in my previous e-mail...
如我在先前的信中所提出。。。 7. As we discussed on the phone... 如我们上次在电话中的讨论。。。 8. from our decision at the previous meeting... 如我们在上次会议中的决定。。。 9. as you requested/per your requirement... 按照你的要求。。。 reply to your e-mail dated April 1，we decided...回答你在4月1日写的信，我们决定。。。 is in response to your e-mail today. 这是针对你今天早上来信的回复。
韶关学院 期末考核报告 科目：专业英语 学生姓名： 学号： 同组人： 院系： 专业班级： 考核时间：2012年10月9日—2012年11月1 日评阅教师： 评分：
第1章英文阅读材料翻译 (1) 第2章中文摘要翻译英文 (3) 第3章中文简历和英文简历 (4) 第4章课程学习体会和建议 (6) 参考文献 (7)
第1章英文阅读材料翻译 Mechanization and Automation Processes of mechanization have been developing and becoming more complex ever since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution at the end of the 18th century. The current developments of automatic processes are, however, different from the old ones. The “automation” of the 20th century is distinct from the mechanization of the 18th and 19th centuries inasmuch as mechanization was applied to individual operations, wherea s “automation” is concerned with the operation and control of a complete producing unit. And in many, though not all, instances the element of control is so great that whereas mechanization displaces muscle, “automation”displaces brain as well. The distinction between the mechanization of the past and what is happening now is, however, not a sharp one. At one extreme we have the electronic computer with its quite remarkable capacity for discrimination and control, while at the other end of the scale are “ transfer machines” , as they are now called, which may be as simple as a conveyor belt to another. An automatic mechanism is one which has a capacity for self-regulation; that is, it can regulate or control the system or process without the need for constant human attention or adjustment. Now people often talk about “feedback” as begin an essential factor of the new industrial techniques, upon which is base an automatic self-regulating system and by virtue of which any deviation in the system from desired condition can be detected, measured, reported and corrected. when “feedback” is applied to the process by which a large digital computer runs at the immense speed through a long series of sums, constantly rejecting the answers until it finds one to fit a complex set of facts which have been put to it, it is perhaps different in degree from what we have previously been accustomed to machines. But “feedback”, as such, is a familiar mechanical conception. The old-fashioned steam engine was fitted with a centrifugal governor, two balls on levers spinning round and round an upright shaft. If the steam pressure rose and the engine started to go too fast, the increased speed of the spinning governor caused it to rise up the vertical rod and shut down a valve. This cut off some of the steam and thus the engine brought itself back to its proper speed. The mechanization, which was introduced with the Industrial Revolution, because it was limited to individual processes, required the employment of human labor to control each machine as well as to load and unload materials and transfer them from one place to another. Only in a few instances were processes automatically linked together and was production organized as a continuous flow. In general, however, although modern industry has been highly mechanized ever since the 1920s, the mechanized parts have not as a rule been linked together. Electric-light bulbs, bottles and the components of innumerable mass-produced
1.Please draw the pyramid of Maslow’s hierarchy of needs and try to illustrate. A person tries to satisfy the most important need first. When that need is satisfied, it will stop being a motivator and the person will then try to satisfy the next most important need. Physiological needs, they consist of need for oxygen, food, water, and a relatively constant temperature. Safety needs, when all physiological needs are satisfied, the need for security can become active. Adult have little awareness of their security needs except in times of emergency or periods of widespread rioting(暴动). Children often display the signs of insecurity and the need to be safe. Social needs, when the needs for safety and for
5S : 5S管理 ERP : 企业资源规划(Enterprise Resource Planning) FAE : 应用工程师(Field Application Engineer) FCST : 预估(Forecast) FQC : 成品质量管理(Finish or Final Quality Control) IPQC: 制程质量管理(In-Process Quality Control) IQC : 进料质量管理(Incoming Quality Control) ISO : 国际标准组织(International Organization for Standardization) ISAR: 首批样品认可(Initial Sample Approval Request) MRP : 物料需求规划(Material Requirement Planning) MRPII : 制造资源计划(Manufacturing Resource Planning) NFCF : 更改预估量的通知Notice for Changing Forecast OEM : 委托代工(Original Equipment Manufacture) ODM : 委托设计与制造(Original Design & Manufacture) OLAP : 在线分析处理(On-Line Analytical Processing) OLTP : 在线交易处理(On-Line Transaction Processing) OPT : 最佳生产技术(Optimized Production Technology) OQC : 出货质量管理(Out-going Quality Control) PDCA : PDCA管理循环(Plan-Do-Check-Action) PDM : 产品数据管理系统(Product Data Management) PERT : 计划评核术(Program Evaluation and Review Technique) PO : 订单(Purchase Order) POH : 预估在手量(Product on Hand)
整理 *独在异乡为异客，每逢佳节倍思亲。——思乡，思亲 A lonely stranger in a strange land I am cast, I miss my family all the more on every festive day. ***二人同心，其利断金。——团结合作 If two people are of the same mind, their sharpness can cut through metal. *海内存知己，天涯若比邻。？——朋友 A bosom friend afar brings distance near. **合抱之木，生于毫末，九层之台，起于累土；千里之行始于足下？。———打好基础 A huge tree that fills one's arms grows from a tiny seedling；a nine-storied tower rises from a heap of earth；a thousand li journey starts with the first step. *千丈之堤，以蝼蚁之穴溃；百尺之室，以突隙之烟焚。———注意细节 A long dike will collapse because of an ant-hole in it；a tall building will be burned down because of a spark from a chimney's chink. *祸兮，福之所依；福兮，祸之所伏。——福祸相依不可大意 Misfortune, that is where happiness depends; happiness, that is where misfortune underlies. **见贤思齐焉，见不贤而内自省也。——反省 On seeing a man of virtue, try to become his equal; on seeing a man without virtue, examine yourself not to have the same defects. *举头望明月，低头思故乡。——思乡 Raising my head, I see the moon so bright; withdrawing my eyes, my nostalgia comes around. *老吾老以及人之老，幼吾幼以及人之幼。？？ Expend the respect of the aged in one's family to that of other families; expend the love of the young ones in one's family to that of other families. *礼尚往来。往而不来，非礼也；来而不往，亦非礼也。 Propriety suggests reciprocity. It is not propriety not to give out but to receive, or vice versa. **两情若是长久时，又岂在朝朝暮暮。———爱情 If love between both sides can last for aye, why need they stay together night and day? 路漫漫其修远兮，吾将上下而求索。？？ The way ahead is long and has no ending/I see no ending, yet high and low