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四级模拟练习(五)

四级模拟练习(五)
四级模拟练习(五)

四级练习(五)考试时间:90 分钟满分:分

Part 1 Skimming and Scanning (Multiple Choice + Blank Filling)

Directions: Read the following passage and then answer the questions. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D. For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.

Questions 1 to 10 are based on the same passage or dialog.

Video Gaming

As video gaming spreads, the discussion about its social impact is intensifying. Is it a new medium equivalent to film and music, a valuable educational tool, a form of harmless fun or something terrible that makes children violent and stupid? Video gaming is all these things, depending on whom you ask.

Amid all the arguments, however, three important factors are generally overlooked: that attitudes to gaming are marked by a generational divide; that there is no convincing evidence that games make people violent; and that games have great potential in education.

Attitudes towards gaming

Attitudes towards gaming depend to a great extent on age. In America, for example, half of the population plays computer or video games. However most players are under 40—according to Nielsen, a market-research firm, 76% of them—while most critics of gaming are over 40. An entire generation that began gaming as children has kept playing. The average age of American gamers is 30. Most are "computer natives" who grew up with technology, argues Marc Prensky of Games2train, a firm that promotes the educational use of games. He describes older people as "computer immigrants" who, like newcomers anywhere, have had to adapt in various ways to their new technological world. Just getting by in a foreign land without some grasp of the local language is difficult, says Mr. Prensky. Computer immigrants have had to learn to use technologies such as the Internet and mobile phones. But relatively few of them have embraced video games. The word "game" itself also confuses matters, since it makes them seem like playthings. "What they don't understand, because they've never played them, is that these are complex games, which take 30, 40 or 100 hours to complete," says Mr. Prensky. Games are, in fact, played mainly by young adults. Only a third of gamers are under 18.

"It's just a generational divide," says Gerhard Florin, the European boss of Electronic Arts, the world's biggest games publisher. "People do not know what they are talking about, because they have never played a game. And yet, they say that millions of gamers are stupid or violent." Computer natives who have played video games since childhood already regard them as a form of entertainment equivalent to films and music. Older computer natives now have children of their own and enjoy playing video games with them.

The gaming industry is trying to address the generational divide. It is producing games designed to appeal to people who have never played games and encouraging gamers (who may occasionally play simple web-based games, or games on mobile phones) to play more. This has led to the

development of games with a wider appeal. Some of them replace the usual control pad with novel input devices: microphones (麦克风) for singing games, cameras for dancing and action games, and even musical instruments. In addition, the industry has started to attract more women, who seem to prefer social simulation (模拟) games such as "The Sims", and older people, who (if they play games at all) often prefer versions of card games and board games. Other promising areas include portable (便携式的) gaming, mobile gaming and online downloads of simple games. Many people enjoy gaming, but do not necessarily want to commit themselves to a long quest that will take dozens of hours to complete.

May gaming make people violent?

But aren't critics right to worry that gaming might make people violent? In his paper, Mr. Williams describes his study carried out with Marko Skoric of the University of Michigan. The study concentrated on a "massively multiplayer (多人参与的) online role-playing game" (MMORPG) called "Asheron Call 2". This type of game requires the player to wander around a fantasy world and kill monsters to build up attribute points. It is "virtually more violent than the average video game and should have more effect, given the highly repetitive nature of the violence", the researchers noted.

Two groups of subjects were recruited, none of whom had played MMORPGs before and many of whom had never played video games at all. One group then played the game for a month, for an average of nearly two hours per day. The other group acted as a control. All people who participated were asked questions about how often they had aggressive social interactions (such as arguments with their spouses) during the course of the month to test the idea that gaming makes people more aggressive. Game players, it turned out, were no more aggressive than the control group. Whether the test subjects had played games before, the number of hours spent gaming, and whether they liked violent movies or not, made no difference. The researchers noted, however, that more research is still needed to assess the impact of other types of games. All games are different, and only when more detailed studies have been carried out will it be possible to say anything about the impact of gaming.

Games have great potential in education.

What's more, plenty of games, far from encouraging violence, are morally complex, subtle and, very possibly, improving. Many now explicitly require players to choose whether to be good or evil, and their choices determine how the game they are playing develops. Several games based on the "Star Wars" movies require players to choose between the light and dark sides of the Force, equivalent to good and evil.

Even games with no educational purpose require players to learn a great deal. Games are complex and force players to make a huge number of decisions. Gamers must construct ideas about the in-game world, learn its rules through trial and error (错误) , solve problems and puzzles, develop strategies and get help from other players through the Internet when they get stuck.

Games can be used in many other ways. Tim Rylands, a British teacher in a primary school near Bristol, recently won an award from Becta, a government education agency, for using computer games in the classroom. By projecting the fantasy world of "Myst", a role-playing game, on to a large screen and encouraging his 11-year-old pupils to write descriptions and reactions as he plays it, he has achieved striking improvements in their English test scores.

So games are inherently good, not bad? Actually they are neither, like books, films, the Internet, or any other medium. All can be used to depict sex and violence, or to educate and inform. Indeed, that there is violence and sex in games is arguably a sign of the maturity of the medium, as games become more like films.

1. V ideo games are valuable or stupid depending on ________________.

A. what is overlooked

B. whom is asked

C. whether they are violent

D. whether they are educational

2. No evidence exists to show that video games ________________.

A. are overlooked

B. make people violent

C. have great potential

D. are violent

3. "Computer immigrants" are older people who have had to ________________.

A. get by in a foreign land

B. play complex games

C. adjust to the new technology

D. grow up with technology

4. What do we learn about "computer natives"? ________________

A. They enjoy playing video games with children.

B. They have played games since childhood.

C. They are producing games which are violent and stupid.

D. They like films and music as entertainment.

5. What is said about the gaming industry? ________________

A. It has started to attract more young adults.

B. It is trying to persuade older people to play singing games.

C. It is producing games that will take dozens of hours to complete.

D. It is trying to attract people who have never played games.

6. Asheron Call 2 is a kind of game that ________________.

A. is less violent than the average video game

B. critics are right to worry about, as it is violent

C. requires the player to kill monsters to build up attribute points

D. requires the player to travel around the world

7. In the study of MMORPGs, game players ________________.

A. could not control their game play

B. asked many questions

C. were more aggressive

D. were not especially violent

8. More studies should be undertaken to draw a general conclusion about the impact of ________________ .

9. Rather than encouraging violence, many games are subtle, possibly improving, and ________________ .

10. Games are neither good nor bad just like or any other medium ________________.

Part 2 Listening Comprehension

A. Understanding Short Conversations(Each item: 1)

Directions: In this section you'll hear some short conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.

11. A. He missed his chances over the years.

B. He was kept away by the woman.

C. He had duties to perform.

D. He wanted to grow up.

12. A. Working wouldn't cause a problem.

B. Being in the hospital caused problems.

C. Working would help her feel sure of herself.

D. Being among people would be helpful.

13. A. The pants don't fit him.

B. The pants fit him.

C. The pants look lovely on him.

D. The pants are expensive.

14. A. The value of insurance.

B. The man's insurance.

C. Sicknesses covered by insurance.

D. Ways to pay for one's illness.

15. A. He wanted to become a teacher.

B. He met a wonderful player.

C. He wanted to become famous.

D. He was told his fingers are good for it.

16. A. Employee and employer.

B. Husband and wife.

C. Customer and waitress.

D. Teacher and student.

17. A. The speakers aren't happy about being told what to do.

B. The speakers aren't happy about their home being so ugly.

C. The speakers aren't happy about having to tell others to paint.

D. The speakers aren't happy about being told they're ugly.

18. A. Mother and son.

B. Father and daughter.

C. Brother and sister.

D. Husband and wife.

B. Understanding Long Conversations (Each item: 1)

Directions: In this section you'll hear a long conversation or conversations. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.

Questions 19 to 23 are based on the same passage or dialog.

19. A. Wrap Mothers' Day gifts.

B. Buy some flowers.

C. Go to the store.

D. Give her mom a vase.

20. A. It is hard to wrap the vase.

B. It is difficult to find a good gift.

C. It is too expensive to pay for dinner.

D. It is too early to eat dinner out.

21. A. At 6:00.

B. At 8:00.

C. At 8:30.

D. At 4:30.

22. A. The man doesn't like his father's singing.

B. The man doesn't know how his father sings.

C. The woman isn't free for dinner.

D. The woman bought the last good gift.

23. A. Brother and sister.

B. Father and daughter.

C. Mother and son.

D. Customer and waiter.

Questions 24 to 28 are based on the same passage or dialog.

24. A. Participating in tasks.

B. Reaching one's goals.

C. Making goals in life.

D. Experiencing everything in life.

25. A. Mother and son.

B. Father and daughter.

C. Employer and employee.

D. Teacher and student.

26. A. He said she wasn't important.

B. He said the task wasn't important.

C. He had problems with his work.

D. He didn't take part in the task.

27. A. It helps them achieve their dreams.

B. It helps them understand how life should be.

C. It helps them with things that are difficult to reach.

D. It helps them see their vision in life.

28. A. They aren't real without a vision.

B. They aren't difficult to set.

C. They are difficult to reach.

D. They are most useful if one has a map.

C. Understanding Passages (Each item: 1)

Directions: In this section you'll hear a passage or passages. Listen carefully and choose the best answer to the questions you hear.

Questions 29 to 33 are based on the same passage or dialog.

29. A. Growing as a person by learning the piano.

B. Choosing a teacher when learning the piano.

C. The problems of learning the piano.

D. Reducing the costs of learning the piano.

30. A. Some teachers aren't committed.

B. Piano learning can take a lot of money.

C. Some teachers don't offer benefits.

D. Competition support is expensive.

31. A. $20.

B. $50.

C. $15.

D. $150.

32. A. A teacher.

B. Books.

C. A piano.

D. A learning fee.

33. A. Put more money into learning piano-playing.

B. Learn the basics of piano-playing.

C. Invest in buying a piano.

D. Learn more about the piano.

Questions 34 to 38 are based on the same passage or dialog.

34. A. A study on family and love.

B. People who love us most.

C. People we love the most.

D. Reasons why people love.

35. A. 20%.

B. 7%.

C. 70%.

D. 3%.

36. A. None had a grandparent.

B. None had children.

C. All had brothers or sisters.

D. All asked for a spouse.

37. A. Sister.

B. Brother.

C. Father.

D. Mother.

38. A. Mothers are the most generous.

B. Mothers tend to give more money to children.

C. Mothers are most dear to children.

D. Mothers tend to die for children.

Questions 39 to 43 are based on the same passage or dialog.

39. A. Water's effect in removing waste.

B. The importance of drinking water.

C. The proper amount of water to drink.

D. The amount of water that makes up a person.

40. A. Not drinking enough water.

B. Not digesting food.

C. Drinking waste products.

D. Allowing chemical reactions.

41. A. Digested food.

B. Waste.

C. Fuel and oxygen.

D. Cells.

42. A. It makes our lungs wet.

B. It removes poisons.

C. It replaces lost liquid.

D. It makes our bodies active.

43. A. More than 14.

B. Around 13.

C. 10.

D. 8.

D. Compound Dictation (Each item: 1)

Directions:In this section you will hear a passage or passages three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks with the information you have just heard. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check what you have written.

Questions 44 to 53 are based on the same passage or dialog.

Henry Thoreau was a 19th century writer and naturalist. He believed in simple living close to nature and in the 44 . of the individual. He was 45. the power and beauty of new technology. However, he worried about the possible 46. of it on people's lives. He was afraid that modern machines would become the 47. rather than the servants of people. In addition he opposed the existing government because it might 48. with people's freedom.

Thoreau tried to live according to his own ideas. As a 49. against slavery, he actually went to prison rather than pay taxes to a government. His most famous book, Walden, 50 . many of his ideas. It also 51 . , which he himself had built near a pond (池塘). He had left the convenience and pleasure of his city home to live alone in natural surroundings. There he lived simply, 52 . . He supported himself by growing vegetables and by surveying and doing odd jobs in the nearby village. He 53 . , and he kept a detailed journal of his observations, activities, and thoughts.

Above all, Thoreau's quiet, one-man revolution in living at Walden has become a symbol of the willed integrity of human beings, their inner freedom, and their ability to build their own lives.

Part3 Reading Comprehension (Banked Cloze) (Each item: 1.2)

Directions: Fill in the blanks in the following passage by selecting suitable words from the Word Bank. Y ou may not use any of the words more than once.

Questions 54 to 63 are based on the following passage.

I have been in a major car accident and I am lying in a hospital bed. My status is not good, but I am still alive. When the doctors look at my charts they whisper to each other and I 54. ________________challenge if they are saying that I will die soon. If I could talk I would 55. ________________challenge about my condition, but I cannot. They have 56. ________________challenge a needle to my arm with tape and a long tube leads to a bottle hanging above. From the bottle, fluids slowly 57. _______________challenge into my body because I cannot eat or drink on my own. Sometimes the nurses use a straw to put a little 58. ________________challenge in my mouth. I am grateful because even though I get plenty of liquids from the tube to my arm, the 59. ________________challenge in my mouth is constant.

I should feel sorry for myself, but I am not. Instead, I am 60. ________________challenge for this time to reflect on what a great family I have. One of my daughters is in the room with me. She 61. ________________challenge her chair over and places it alongside my bed. Then she sits down close to me and 62. ________________challenge my hand. "Daddy, I want you to know how 63. ________________challenge and special you have been to all of us. Please remember, no matter where you are, we will always be with you."

Part 4 Reading Comprehension (Multiple Choice) (Each item: 1.5)

Directions: Read the following passages carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices marked A, B, C and D.

Questions 64 to 68 are based on the same passage or dialog.

Is teaching important? Well, of course it is. There was a time when all necessary knowledge could be taught to the young by family members. But as societies became more complex and division of labor more common, it was impossible for family members to teach the information and skills

young people needed to become useful members of the society. As the need for specialists appeared, the job of teaching came into being in our country, and teaching as a job has been of increasing importance over the past one hundred years. Today, we have strict rules for teachers. We hope all children can go to school. Many things tell us that teaching is indeed an "important" job.

In recent years, there has been an increasing need for teachers to be "responsible". This means that the public expects teachers to succeed in teaching important information to the young. Teachers' salaries today, while not much, certainly are much higher than they were in the past. These increases have come about because people have realized that quality people, individuals who are highly able to teach, will not do it if they are not offered enough money. Today almost no one says that "anybody will do" for a teacher. The public expects "quality people" to teach the young, and progress is being made to give salaries that will make people who have abilities become teachers.

64. In the author's opinion, the job of a teacher ________.

A. is done best by family members

B. is too complex for most people

C. is free of rules

D. is important for society

65. The cause for the new job of "teacher" was ________.

A. the increased importance of labor

B. the need for specialists

C. the strict rules of the government

D. the increased number of children in school

66. According to the writer, ________ is on the increase nowadays.

A. a need for teachers to have responsibility for themselves

B. a need for teachers to teach responsibility to students

C. the numbers of students who are entering school

D. the numbers of people who take the job of teacher

67. We learn from this passage that ________.

A. money encourages teachers to be responsible

B. money is not a responsible reason to become a teacher

C. money is a good way to attract people to become teachers

D. money was much higher for teachers in the past

68. What do people hardly ever say these days?

A. Anyone can be a teacher.

B. Progress is being made.

C. Teachers have abilities.

D. Quality people are teaching the young.

Questions 69 to 73 are based on the same passage or dialog.

Equipment operator Dick Kemp is the proud owner of over 90 old trucks. Some of his vehicles date back as far as 1916, just twenty years after the first motorized truck was ever built and a time when there were only 160,000 trucks in the United States-compared with the 36,000,000 trucks

that roar along the nation's highways nowadays. One of Kemp's most unusual trucks is a 1916 Selden with wooden spikes which was once used as a street sprinkler. Kemp began his collection in 1952 with a 1930 Bulldog Mack which he bought for only $50. This same vehicle was valued in the year 2006 at nearly a thousand times that price. Every year thousands of visitors come from all over the U.S. and Canada to see Kemp's collection, which is exhibited in a large garage and in a yard next-door. The Mack Truck Museum is open for public viewing and there is no charge. There is even a model truck playground for children to play in while their parents look at the real things.

Kemp does his own restoration work, making all the trucks look shiny and run smoothly. Many truck parts he has to make for himself because manufacturers have discontinued production long, long ago. He has received countless offers to sell his trucks, but his answer is always the same: "Nothing for Sale".

69. The passage says that Dick Kemp's job is ________.

A. museum worker

B. equipment operator

C. truck driver

D. truck manufacturer

70. In which year was Kemp's unusual Selden truck made?

A. 1952.

B. 1916.

C. 1930.

D. 2006.

71. Where does Kemp show his trucks?

A. In and near a garage.

B. Around the US and Canada.

C. On the nation's highways.

D. In a museum next to his home.

72. ________ might be appropriate for children.

A. The Mack Truck Museum

B. Kemp's truck playground

C. Restoration work

D. Kemp's collection

73. What does Kemp do himself?

A. Order discontinued parts.

B. Operate the museum.

C. Repair the trucks.

D. Sell the trucks.

Part 5 Cloze (Each item: 1)

Directions:Read the following passage carefully and choose the best answer from the four choices given for each blank.

Questions 74 to 93 are based on the following passage.

Sometimes medical advancements present us with a tough choice to make. People think medicine has created some 74. ________questions to sort out. For example, modern medical treatment can keep the body living well after patients have lost 75. ________ to live. We have machines to 76. ________as organs. And we can feed a person by letting fluids 77. ________into their body. This can be done 78. ________ they can't eat themselves. Sometimes, even when the mind 79. ________ functioning, the body keeps on working. Should we keep our loved ones alive through surgical procedures, hoping for a 80. ________? Or, 81. ________ their treatment and only provide drugs for the pain? This would allow them to die in a more 82. ________ way. The 83. ________ two options are not against the law. 84. ________ courts sometimes need to get involved. This is especially true when loved ones have 85. ________ opinions on what should be done. There is a third option that has the 86. ________ of a great many people, but is against the law. We can 87. ________ the death of our loved one. This can be done 88. ________ he no longer has to suffer. In the past, there was very 89. ________ that could be done to save a person in great danger. Once he had 90. ________ a serious illness, doctors could do nothing. It was not 91. ________ for people to live long after suffering major illness. Neither did people often live long after body organ 92. ________. Many believe that people nowadays are kept alive for much 93. ________ than they should be. Some even believe that the kindest thing to do for a person who is dying and in a good deal of pain is to help them to die quickly and painlessly.

74. A. complex B. comparative C. competitive D. comprehensive

75. A. the heart B.the spirit C.the purpose D. the will

76. A. facilitate B. function C. fulfill D. fluctuate

77. A. insert B.relieve C.drip D. leak

78. A. even though B.even if C. even as D. even when

79. A. decreases B.increases C. ceases D. eases

80. A. wonder B.miracle C.phenomenon D. circumstance

81. A. conflict B. strengthen C. restrict D. predict

82. A. grateful B.thoughtful C.painful D. graceful

83. A. preceding B. proceeding C.processing D. conceding

84. A. Furthermore B. Still C.Because D. Since

85. A. inferring B.referring C.differing D. interfering

86. A. assistance B. support C. preservation D. promotion

87. A. quicken B.worsen C. lesson D. fasten

88. A. as B. so that C.if D. when

89. A. little B. small C .few D. handful

90. A. contact B.contracted https://www.doczj.com/doc/2c13007002.html,pact D. distract

91. A. mostly B. popular C. common D. average

92. A. defeat B.loss C.failure D. ruin

93. A. happier B further C longer D. older

Part 6 T ranslation from Chinese into English (Each item: 1)

Directions:Translate the following Chinese into English, using the expressions (or following the instructions) given in the brackets.

94. 我认为它归结为这样的一个事实,即人们确实感到非常依赖自己的车。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 95. 这对年轻夫妇的计划都不成功,于是决定任由生活自然发展。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 96. 如我们将看到的,这次危机的根源是这位主任无法清楚表达自己。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 97. 她不明白他们用英语说的话,这加剧了她心里产生的焦虑。

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ 98. 一方面,你想尽量帮助你的孩子;另一方面,你得教育他们学会自立。

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大学英语四级模拟试题四(附含答案解析)

大学英语四级模拟题四 Part One Reading Comprehension (2’×10 = 20’) Directions: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Air pollution can spread from city to city. It even spreads from one country to another. Some northern European countries have had “black snow”from pollutants that have traveled through the air from other countries and have fallen with the snow. So air pollution is really a global problem. Air pollution can kill babies, older people, and those who have respiratory(呼吸的)diseases. As found in cities, air pollution increases the risks of certain lung diseases. Air pollution can cause both airplane and car accidents because it cuts down visibility (能见度). There are other possible health dangers from air pollution that we don’t know much about. For example, scientists are trying to find out whether chemicals that reach us from the air may cause changes in our cells. These changes might cause babies to be born with serious birth defects. Scientists are trying to learn how all the many chemicals are apt(易于的)to take into our bodies from air, water, food, and even medicines act together to affect our health and the way our bodies work. That is another reason why it is so important to begin to control pollution now instead of waiting until we learn all the answers. Air pollution costs us a lot of money. It corrodes(腐蚀)our buildings. It damages farm crops and forests. It has a destructive effect on our works of art. The cost of all this damage to our government is great. It would be much more worthwhile, both for us and for the government, to spend our tax dollars on air pollution control. 1. Air pollution may lead to airplane accidents because . A. it may cause pilots to be ill B. engines may fail from the air-borne dirt C. visibility is reduced D. it brings a lot of black snow 2. Scientists are trying to find a link between pollution and . A. intelligence levels B. birth problems C. man’s behavior D. the nervous system 3. Scientists have not yet determined . A. all of the effects of pollution on the human body B. how pollution can be controlled successfully C. when the atmosphere first became polluted D. how some snow becomes black 4. The author suggests that before air pollution becomes more serious, . A. factories will be forced to stop operating B. buildings should be protected C. the earth will begin to grow colder D. more money should be spent to solve the problem 5. We can conclude that . A. civilization may be ruined if pollution is not controlled B. pollution is more serious in Europe than it is in America C. most people do not know that pollution is a serious problem D. we should learn all the answers before we begin to control pollution Passage Two Stiletto heels could be banned from the workplace because of health and safety reasons, according to British Trade Union bosses. The Trade Union Congress, predominantly male, has proposed a motion arguing that high heels are disrespectful to women while they also contribute to long term injuries. They propose instead that women wear “sensible shoes”with an inch heel limit in an attempt to avoid future foot and back pain as well as injuries. The motion is due to be debated at next month’s conference. The motion states: “Congress believes high heels may look glamorous on the Hollywood catwalks but are completely in appropriate for the day-to-day working environment. Feet bear the burden of daily life, and for many workers prolonged standing, badly fitted footwear, and in particular high heels can be a hazard. Around two million days a year are lost through sickness as a result of lower limb disorders. Wearing high heels can cause long-term foot problems and also serious foot, knee and back pain and damaged joints. Many employers in the retail sector force women workers to wear high heels as part of their dress code. More must be done to raise awareness of this problem so that women workers and their feet are protected.” Nadline Dorries, the Tory Member of Parliament, however criticized the motion and said the extra height heels give women can help them when in the workplace. “I’m 5ft 3in and need every inch of my Christian Louboutin heels to look my male colleagues in the eye,”she said. “If high heels were banned in Westminster, no one would be able to find me. The Trade Union leaders need to get real, stop using obvious sexist tactics by discussing women’s

大学英语四级模拟试题(1)

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