英语名词变复数的规则及练习题
1. 名词
名词可以分为专有名词和普通名词，专有名词是某个（些）人，地方，机构等专有的名称，如Beijing，China等。普通名词是一类人或东西或是一个抽象概念的名词，如：book，sadness悲哀,悲伤) (等。普通名词又可分为下面四类：1）个体名词：表示某类人或东西中的个体，如：gun。
2）集体名词：表示若干个个体组成的集合体，如：family。
3）物质名词：表示无法分为个体的实物，如：air。
4）抽象名词：表示动作、状态、品质、感情等抽象概念，如：work。
个体名词和集体名词可以用数目来计算，称为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词一般无法用数目计算，称为不可数名词。
1.1 名词复数的规则变化
情况
构成方法
读音
例词
一般情况
加-s
清辅音后读/s/
map-maps
浊辅音和元音后读/z/
bag-bags /car-cars
以s, sh, ch, x等结尾
加-es
读/iz/
bus-buses/ watch-watches
以ce, se, ze,等结尾
加-s
读/iz/
license-licenses
以辅音字母+y结尾
变y 为i再加es
读/z/
baby---babies
1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化
1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如：
two Marys the Henrys
monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays
2）以o 结尾的名词，变复数时：
a. 加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos
radio---radios zoo---zoos；
b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes
c. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero---zeros / zeroes。
3）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时：
a. 加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs
safe---safes gulf---gulfs；
b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves
knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves
wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves；
c. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchief(手帕) ( : handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。
1.3 名词复数的不规则变化
1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth
mouse---mice man---men woman---women
注意：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。
2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。
3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如：
people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。
4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如：
a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。
b. news 为不可数名词。
c. the United States，the United Nations 应视为单数。
The United Nations was organized in 1945. 联合国是1945年组建起来的。d. 以复数形式出现的书名，剧名，报纸，杂志名，也可视为单数。例如：
"The Arabian Nights" is a very interesting story-book. 《一千零一夜》是一本非常有趣的故事书。
5）表示由两部分构成的东西，如：glasses （眼镜）trousers,clothes等，若表达具体数目，要借助数量词pair（对，双）;suit（套）; a pair of glasses; two pairs of trousers等。
6）另外还有一些名词，其复数形式有时可表示特别意思，如：goods货物，waters 水域，fishes（各种）鱼。
1.4 不可数名词量的表示
1）物质名词
a. 当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。
比较：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是一种食物。（不可数）
These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）
b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如：
This factory produces steel.（不可数）
We need various steels.（可数）
c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：
Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。
Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。
2）抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如：
four freedoms 四大自由the four modernizations四个现代化
物质名词和抽象名词可以借助单位词表一定的数量，如a glass of water 一杯水/ a piece of advice一则建议。
5. 定语名词的复数
名词作定语一般用单数，但也有以下例外。
1) 用复数作定语。例如：
sports meeting 运动会students reading-room 学生阅览室
talks table 谈判桌the foreign languages department 外语系2）man, woman, gentleman等作定语时，其单复数以所修饰的名词的单复数而定。例如：
men workers women teachers gentlemen officials
3）有些原有s结尾的名词，作定语时，s保留。例如：
goods train （货车）arms produce武器生产
customs papers 海关文件clothes brush 衣刷
4）数词+名词作定语时，这个名词一般保留单数形式。例如：two-dozen eggs两打鸡蛋 a ten-mile walk 十英里路
two-hundred trees 两百棵树 a five-year plan.一个五年计划
1.6 不同国籍人的单复数
国籍
总称（谓语用复数）
单数
复数
中国人
the Chinese
a Chinese
two Chinese
瑞士人
the Swiss
a Swiss
two Swiss
澳大利亚人
the Australians
an Australian
two Australians
俄国人
the Russians
a Russian
two Russians
意大利人
the Italians
an Italian
two Italians
希腊人
the Greek
a Greek
two Greeks
法国人
the French
a Frenchman two Frenchmen
日本人
the Japanese
a Japanese
two Japanese
美国人
the Americans an American two Americans
印度人
the Indians
an Indian
two Indians
加拿大人
the Canadians a Canadian two Canadians
德国人
the Germans
a Germans two Germans
英国人
the English
an Englishman
two Englishmen
瑞典人
the Swedish
a Swede
two Swedes
1.7 名词的格
英语中有些名词可以加"'s"来表示所有关系，带这种词尾的名词形式称为该名词的所有格，如：a teacher's book。名词所有格的规则如下：
1）单数名词词尾加"'s"，复数名词词尾没有s，也要加"'s"，如the boy's bag 男孩的书包，men's room 男厕所。
2）若名词已有复数词尾-s ，只加" ' "，如：the workers' struggle工人的斗争。3）凡不能加"'s"的名词，都可以用"名词+of +名词"的结构来表示所有关系，如：the title of the song 歌的名字。
4）在表示店铺或教堂的名字或某人的家时，名词所有格的后面常常不出现它所修饰的名词，如：the barber's 理发店。
5）如果两个名词并列，并且分别有's，则表示"分别有"；只有一个's，则表示'共有'。例如：
John's and Mary's rooms（两间）John and Mary's room（一间）
6）复合名词或短语，'s 加在最后一个词的词尾。例如：a month or two's absence 1.8 练习
1.He was eager to make some extra money, since during these years he could hardly live on his_______.
a．little wage b. few wage c. wage d. wages
2.Most of the houses in the village were burnt to ______ during the war.
a. an ash
b. the ash
c. ash
d. ashes
3.The students at colleges or universities are making ______ for the coming New Year.
a. many preparations
b. much preparation
c. preparations
d. preparation
4.Painting in _____ is one of their spare-time activities.
a. oil
b. an oil
c. oils
d. the oil
5.In the view of the foreign experts, there wasn’t ____ oil here.
a. much
b. lots of
c. a great deal of
d. many
6.The large houses are being painted, but ______.
a. of great expense
b. at a great expense
c. in a lot of expenses
d. by high expense
7.The room was small and contained far too ______.
a.much new furniture c. much new furnitures
b.many new furniture d. many new furnitures
8.Jim was late for two classes this morning. He said that he forgot both of the ______.
a. rooms number
b. room number
c. room’s numbers
d. room numbers
https://www.doczj.com/doc/2916222134.html,puters can do ______ work in a short time, but a man can not do ______ by himself.
a great many…many c. much…a great deal
b. a great deal of…much d. many…a great many
10.She didn’t know _____ he had been given.
a. how many information c. how many informations
b. the number of information d. how much information
11.He invited all of his ______ to join his wedding party.
a. comrade-in-arms c. comrades-in-arm
b. comrades-in-arms d. comrade-in-arm
12.All the ______ in the hospital got a rise last month.
a. women doctors c. woman doctors
b. women doctor d. woman doctor
13.After ten years, all these youngsters became_____.
a. growns-ups c. growns-up
b. grown-up d. grown-ups
14.The police investigated those _____ about the accident.
a. stander-by c. standers-by
b. stander-bys d. standers-bys
15.The Nazi kept those ______ in their concentration camp.
a.prisoner-of-wars c. prisoners-of-war
b.prisoners-of-wars d. prisoner-of-war
16.The manager was greatly appreciate that _____ made by Linda lately.
a. new reel
b. news reel
c. new-reels
d. news reels
17.Mary’s dress is similar in appearance to her ______.
a. el der sister
b. elder sister’s
c. elder sisters
d. elder sisters dress
18.All the people at the conference are ______.
a. mathematic teachers c. mathematics teacher
b.mathematics teachers d. mathematic’s teachers
19.Professor Mackay told us that ______ of lead are its softness and its resistance.
a. some property c. properties
b. some properties d. property
20.Physics _____ with matter and motion.
a. deal
b. deals
c. dealing
d. are
21.He has written several books, but his last works _____ well known among his friends.
a. have
b. have been
c. is
d. are
22.After he checked up my ______ heart, the doctor advised him to rest for a few days.
a. father-in-law’s c. father’s-in-law
b. father-in-law d. father’s-in-law’s
23.He told me _____ would come to his birthday party.
a. many Jack friends c. many Jack’s friend
b. Jack’s many friends d. many friends of Jack’s
24.I had my hair cut at the _____ around the corner.
a.barber
b. barbers
c. barber’s
d. barbers’
25.Yesterday evening we had a lovely evening at ______.
a. Peter and Helen’s c. Peter and Helen
b. Peter and Helens d. Peter’s and Helen’s
26.______ receives only a small portion of the total amount of the sun’s energy.
a. The earth’s surface c. The surface of earth
b. The surface earth d. The earth surface
27.Numerous materials are available to ______.
a. today of designers c. today’s of designers
b. today’s designers d. today designers
28.Why did you speak to Peter that way? Don’t you know he is an old friend of ______?
a. my brother
b. my b rothers
c. my brother’s
d. my brother’s friend
29.______ is a well-informed man. He can tell you anything you want to know.
a. This John’s old friend c. That’s Jahn’s old friend
b. This old friend of John d. Thi s old friend of John’s
30.______ is too much for a little boy to carry.
a.A bike’s weight c. The weight of a bike
b.The weights of a bike d. Bile’s weight
31.Generally there are ______ television programs for children on Saturday.
a. little
b. much
c. a large number of
d. a large amount of
32.When they got to the lecture-room, there were ______ left.
a. only few seats
b. a very few seats
c. only a few seats
d. so a few seats
33.______ travels faster when the zip code is indicated on the envelope.
a. A little mail
b. A piece of mail
c. A mail
d. A small mail
34.The Department purchased ______ to improve the working conditions there.
a. a new equipment c. new equipments
b. a new piece of equipment d. new pieces of equipments
35.The boy tried hard but there has been ______ in his work.
a. little improvement c. many improvements
b. a little improvement d. few improvements
36.Today’s modern TV ca meras require ______ light as compared with the earlier models.
a. only a few
b. only few
c. only a little
d. only little
37.No country can afford to neglect ______.
a. an education
b. educations
c. education
d. the education
38.Please write the answers to the questions at the end of ______.
a. eighth chapter
b. chapter eight
c. eight chapter
d. chapter the eight
39.______ is only surpassed by that of monkeys’ and apes’.
a. The intelligent dog c. The intelligence of dogs
b. The dogs whose intelligence d. The dogs being intelligent
40.All ______ must take the graduate Management Admission Test.
a. business student
b. business’s students
c. business students
d. business’s student
41.______ anywhere in the United States costs less than a dollar when you dial it yourself.
a. Three minutes call c. A three-minutes call
b. Three-minute call d. A three-minute call
42.The ______ about nuclear energy revolves around the waste problem.
a. public’s chief concern c. chief public concern
b. public chief concern d. chief concern of public’s
43.______ the first and largest ethnic group to work on the construction of the transcontinental railroad.
a. Chinese were
b. The Chinese was
c. Chinese was
d. The Chinese were
44.______ can get a better view of the game than the participants.
a. Looker-on
b. Lookers-on
c. Looker-ons c. Lookers-ons
45.A group of spectators was dispersed by the police who ______ at the scene of the accidents within minutes.
a. were
b. have been
c. was
d. has been
46.Our livestock ______ not as numerous as they used to be.
a. is
b. are
c. be
d. been
47.One of the most surprising things is that ______ may come from petroleum.
a. much of tomorrow food c. many of tomorrow’s food
b. m uch of the food of tomorrow d. much of tomorrow’s food
48.Scott is an orphan but he received ______.
a. very good education c. a very good education
b. very good educations d. many good educations
49.After seve ral day’s hardworking, we have made ______ on the design.
a. much improvement c. many improvement
b. several improvements d. some improvement
50.The boy was very happy that his mother bought him a new pair of shoes at a ______ yesterday.
a. shoes shop
b. shoe shop
c. shoes’s shop
d. shoe’s
51.Eggs, though nourishing, have ______ of fat content.
a. large number
b. a large number
c. a high amount
d. the high amount
52.He has done some ______ on that subject from various angles over the past ten years.
a. research
b. a research
c. researches
d. the researches
53.Recently, he has lost all his ______.
a. wage and saving at card c. wages and saving at card
b. wages and savings at card d. wages and savings at cards
54.The country’s wealth comes chiefly from its many ______.
a. herd of cattle
b. heard of cattles
c. herds of cattle
d. herds of cattles
55.In Britain the ______ are all painted red.
a. letter boxes
b. letters box
c. letters boxes
d. letters’s box
56.Ten years had passed. I found she had ______.
a. a little white hair c. a few white hair
b. some white hair d. much white hair
57.All his ______ far from satisfaction
a. conduct is
b. conduct are
c. conducts is
d. conducts will be
58.Although the town had been attacked by the storm several times, ______ was done.
a. a few damages
b. few damages
c. little damage
d. a little
damage
59.He was ______ what to do.
a. at his wit end
b. at his wits end
c. at his wit’s end
d. at his wits’s end
60.Would you like to have a cup of tea and ______ with me?
a two toasts b. two pieces of toast c. two piece of toasts d. tow pieces of toasts
61.Accurate ______ covering the fact are not obtainable.
a. datum
b. datums
c. data
d. datas
62.On Monday morning some teachers exchanged a few ______.
a. how-are-yous c. how-are-you’s
b. of how-are-you’s d. of how are you
63.Albert said he met the girl ______
a. at his uncle’s Smith room c. at his uncle Smith’s room
b. at Smith’s his uncle’s room d. at the room of his uncle’s Smith’s
64.It is four months since I last saw Keats ______.
a. at Mrt Smith’s ,the book seller c. at my aunt’s, a book seller
b. at my aunt’s, Mrs Palmer’s d. at Mrs Palmer’s, the book seller’s
65.This room is ______.
a. the editor’s-in-chief’s office c. the editor-in-chief’s office
b. the editor-in-chief office d. the editor’s-in-chief office
66.My old classmate, Comrade Sun ,works at ______.
a. a teacher college c. a teacher’s college
b. a teachers’s college d. a college of a teacher’s
67.The policemen put the criminal ______.
a. in a iron
b. into a iron
c. in irons
d. into a pair of iron
68.Our teacher gave me ______.
a. an advice
b. the advice
c. many advice
d. much advice
69.My mother cut the cloth with ______ scissors.
a. a
b. two
c. a couple of
d. a pair of
70.My house is within ______ from the railway station.
a. a stone’s throw
b. a throw of a stone
c. stone’s throw
d. the stone’s throw
第二章名词变复数规律 一名词复数 1.“四十七”原则：单词以s, sh, ch结尾的要加-es; class—classes; dish---dishes; bench---benches; 2.巧记-f（e）结尾的名词复数： 将f变为v,再加es: 小偷之妻生活难，（thief, wife, life） 自己扫叶来做饭。(self, leaf) 忽见一狼躲架后，(wolf, shelf) 取刀把它劈两半。(knife, half) 直接加s变复数： 海湾边，屋顶上，首领奴仆两相望；（gulf, roof, chief, serf） 谁说他们无信仰，证据写在手帕上。（belief, proof, handkerchief）3. 巧记-o结尾的名词变复数： 加-es: 黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿。 Negro hero potato tomato 4.巧记“某国人”变复数： ①英国人an Englishman --- two Englishmen 法国人a Frenchman --- two Frenchmen ②中国人a Chinese --- two Chinese 日本人a Japanese --- two Japanese 瑞士人a Swiss --- two Swiss ③美国人an American --- two Americans 德国人a German --- two Germans 澳大利亚人an Australian --- two Australians 5.单复数同形的名词： 中国人和日本人爱护绵羊，鹿和鱼。 Chinese Japanese sheep deer fish 注意：fish指鱼的种类时，要加上-es才成复数；当指鱼的条数时，单复数形式相同；指鱼肉时，为不可数名词。 6.关于名词复数的几个特殊问题： 不规则变化：man --- men; woman --- women; foot --- feet; child --- children 含man的复合名词变为复数名词时，只需把man变为men: policeman --- policemen; Englishman --- Englishmen man, woman修饰其它复数名词时，都须改为复数形式：两名女护士：two women nurses 许多男医生many men doctors 二不可数名词 三名词所有格 1. 有生命的单数名词：Jack’s father Tom’s pen 2. 有生命的复数名词：the Teachers’ Office 3. 表示时间，距离，国家等的名词：half an hour’s walk 步行半小时的路程 4. 表示几个人共同拥有的名词：Mike and John’s desk 两人共有 5. 表示每个人各自拥有的名词：Mike’s and John’s desks 每个人都有，desk用复数
一、请写出下列词的复数形式。: 1,leaf _____2,life_____3,thief ____4,woman_____ 5,child_____ 6,foot_____ 7,watch_____8,diary_____9,day______ 10,man____ 11,this_____12,book_______13,dress______14,sheep_______15,tea____ 16,box___17,strawberry_______18,peach____19,juice____20,water____ 21,milk____22,sandwich______23,paper_____24,rice____25,deer_____ 26,fish_____ 27,city____ 28,tree_____ 29,zoo_____ 30,country _____ 31,tooth____32,boy____33,broom_______34,car____35,horse____ 36,bus_____37,fox____38,branch_____39,baby_____40,family_____ 41,dish ____42,radio____43, photo_____ 44,piano_____ 45,knife____ 46. people____47. mouse_____
1.leaves 2.lives 3. thieves 4.women 5.children 6. feet 7.watches 8. diaries 9.days10. men 11.these12. books 13.dresses 14.sheep15. teas 16. boxes 17.strawberries 18.peaches19. juice 20.water https://www.doczj.com/doc/2916222134.html,k 22.sandwiches23. papers 24.rice25. deer 26.fish 27.cities 28.trees 29.zoos 30.countries 31.teeth 32boys 33.brooms 34.cars35. horses 36. buses 37.foxes38.branches39. babies40. families 41. dishes 42.radios43. photos44. pianos 45.knives46. 47. mice 可数名词变复数形式的规则（小学英语） 1 一般情况，在词尾加-s. desk---desks书桌girl---girls女孩boy---boys pen---pens 2 以-s,-x,-ch,-sh 结尾的词,在词尾加--es bus---buses box--boxes brush--brushes watch--watch 3 以辅音字母加y结尾的词,变y为I,加-es baby-babies婴儿family--families 家庭 4以-f 或-fe 结尾的词，变f 或fe 为v，再加-es knife---knives 刀leaf---leaves 树叶 5 以辅音字母加-o 结尾的词，一般情况下，在词尾加-es tomato---tomatoes 西红柿potato--potatoes 马铃薯 6可数名词变为复数形式的不规则变化如下: foot--feet 脚，mouse--mice老鼠，goose--geese鹅，ox--oxen公牛，man-men男人，woman--women女人，child--children孩子，Chinese--Chinese中国人，deer--deer 鹿，sheep--sheep 绵羊fish--fish 鱼
英语单词变复数规则 1.1 名词复数的规则变化 1.一般情况加 -s清辅音后读/s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 2. 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches 3. 以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 4. 以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babies 1.2 其它名词复数的规则变化 1）以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数。例如：two Marys the Henrys monkey---monkeys holiday---holidays 2）以o 结尾的名词，变复数时： a. 加s，如：photo---photos piano---pianos radio---radios zoo---zoos； b. 加es，如：potato--potatoes tomato--tomatoes c. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如zero---zeros / zeroes。 3）以f或fe 结尾的名词变复数时： a. 加s，如：belief---beliefs roof---roofs safe---safes gulf---gulfs； b. 去f,fe 加ves，如：half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； c. 上述a和b两种方法均可，如handkerchief: handkerchiefs / handkerchieves。 1.3 名词复数的不规则变化 1）child---children foot---feet tooth---teeth mouse---mice man---men woman---women 注意：由一个词加man 或woman构成的合成词，其复数形式也是-men 和-women，如an Englishman，two Englishmen。但German不是合成词，故复数形式为Germans；Bowman是姓，其复数是the Bowmans。 2）单复同形，如deer，sheep，fish，Chinese，Japanese ，li，jin，yuan，two li，three mu，four jin等。但除人民币的元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。如：a dollar, two dollars; a meter, two meters。 3）集体名词，以单数形式出现，但实为复数。例如： people police cattle 等本身就是复数，不能说a people，a police，a cattle，但可以说a person，a policeman，a head of cattle, the English，the British，the French，the Chinese，the Japanese，the Swiss 等名词，表示国民总称时，作复数用，如The Chinese are industries and brave.中国人民是勤劳勇敢的。 4）以s结尾，仍为单数的名词，如： a. maths，politics，physics等学科名词，一般是不可数名词，为单数。
可数名词变复数形式的规则 英语中的可数名词大多都有单数和复数两种形式，复数形式通常是在单数形式后加-s构成，主要方式是： 1.在名词后直接加-s，如： a book books a cat cats 2.以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词加es构成复数，如： a bus buses a box boxes a watch watches a dish dishes best wishes 3.以“辅音字母 + y”结尾的名词构成复数时，需将y改为i，然后加复数词尾-es，如： a city cities a country countries 4.以f或fe结尾的名词构成复数时，一般改f为v，然后加-es，如： a knife knives a leaf leaves a thief thieves 例外的词有： a roof roofs a proof proofs a chief chiefs a cliff cliffs a hoof hoofs a gulf gulfs 5.以元音字母o结尾的名词一般加-es词尾构成复数，如： a hero hero es a potato potato es a tomato tomato es 例外的词有： a photo photo s a piano piano s a radio radio s a zoo zoo s 以及bamboo s, video s , kilo s , studio s, cuckoo s等。 6.有些名词复数有不规则变化，如： a m a n men a wom a n women a tooth teeth a foot feet a child children a goose geese a mouse mice an ox oxen 7.有些名词单复数形式相同，如： a sheep sheep a deer deer a Chinese Chinese a swine swine a means means a people people 备注：fish和fruit虽有复数形式，却不表示数量，而表示种类。 名词复数形式还有一些其它情况，需在阅读和学习过程中不断丰富，逐步掌握。
一．名词变复数规则 1.一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”，如map→maps，bag→bags等； 2.以s，sh，ch，x等结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses，watch→watches等； 3.以辅音字母＋y结尾的词，变y为i加es，如baby→babies等； 以元音字母＋y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数，如monkey→monkeys，ho liday→holidays， 4.以o 结尾的名词变复数时：（1）没有生命的名词加s：如photo→ph otos ，piano→pianos， radio→radios，（2）有生命的名词加es：如potato→potatoes；tomato→tomatoes；hero—heroes 5.以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：变f或fe为v，再加es 如：leaf ; thief; wolf ; wife ; knife ; life 6.不规则的名词变复数, 如：man ; policeman; woman ; policewoman; child ; foot ; tooth ; mouse ; sheep ; deer ; fish ; Chinese; Japanese 二．动词变三人称单数 1.一般情况加–s 如：make ; stop ; help 2.以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加–es 如：dress; pass ; wash ; teach ; watch ; teach ; fix 3.以辅音字母+y 变y 为i结尾的词再加es 如：study ; fly ; try ; carry 以元音字母加y结尾的词，直接加-ed 如：play ；stay ; enjoy ; 4.以“o”结尾的动词，加“es”，如：go ; do 三．动词变现在分词（即-ing形式） 1. 一般情况，加-ing 如：go ; ask ; look ; watch 2. 以不发音的e结尾的动词，去e，再加-ing 如：write ; make ; take; practice ; 3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ing 如：get ; sit ; run ; put ; begin ; swim ; stop ; plan ; shop 四．动词变过去式 1. 一般情况，加-ed 如：look ; play ; start ; listen 2. 以e结尾的动词，加-d 如：hope ; use ; live ; decide 3. 以重读闭音节结尾的动词，末尾只有一个辅音字母，双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed 如：stop ; plan; shop 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词，变y为i，再加-ed 如：study ; carry ; worry ; try ;
1)单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, rothers. 2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches. 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es: cities, babies, enemies. 4)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es: wives, knives.但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs. 5)以o结尾的名词，有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radio s, zoos, pianos, photos. 6)不规则名词：foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→me n, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice. 7)某些外来词变复数：datum→data, medium→media, bacterium→bacteria, curriculum→curricula, criterion→criteria, phenomenon→phenomena. ( um/ on→a) analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, diagnosis→diagnoses.( is→es ) 8)复合名词变复数：以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式，如：homework. 以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数，前后两个名词都变复数，如：manservant→menservants, w oman student women students.
名词单数变复数规则及 练习 标准化管理部编码-[99968T-6889628-J68568-1689N]
名词 1.定义：一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为 物质名词和抽象名词多为 2.可数名词的数： 一个”时用单数，a bird，a teacher，an apple，表示“多个”时用复数。 two birds，five teachers，eight apples. 3.可数名词复数的变化规则. A、一般情况下，在单数名词的后面加-s构成。如：game-games，boy-boys 等。 B、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单数名词变复数，在词尾加-es构成。如：box-boxes，bus-buses，peach-peaches，dish-dishes。 C、以o结尾，表示有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-es；表示没有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-s。如：potato-potatoes，tomato-tomatoes，photo-photos，piano-pianos等。 D、以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词变复数，将y改成i后再加-es。如：factory-factories，story-stories，family-families。 E、以f或fe结尾的单数名词变复数，将f或fe改成v，然后再加-es。如：leaf-leaves，life-lives，knife-knives等。 F、名词单数变复数，除了有规则可循的变化之外，还有一部分的变化是不规则的，我们将这部分名词的变化叫做不规则变化。这些词有：goose-
geese，foot-feet，tooth-teech，man-men，woman-women，mouse-mice，sheep-sheep，deer-deer，fish-fish，child-children，ox-oxen 4.不可数名词量的表示 些词计量，我们于是采用这种方法： 如：a cup of tea，a box of milk，a piece of paper等。 如果为了表示多个的概念，我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。 如：a cup of tea---3 cups of tea，a box of milk---12 boxes of milk，A piece of paper---100 pieces of paper 名词的练习题 一.写出以下单词的复数. I _________him _________this ___________her ______watch _______child _______photo ________diary ______day________ foot________ book_______ dress ________tooth_______ sheep ______box_______ strawberry _____thief _______yo-yo ______ peach______ sandwich ______man______ woman_______ paper_______ juice___________water________ milk________ rice__________ tea__________ 二、写出下例名词的复数形式 1、monkey __________ 2、boy _______ 3、duck _____ 4、house_________ 5、bus ________ 6、 lady_______ 7、sheep _________ 8、deer ________ 9、 child_____ 10、foot _________ 11、tomato_________ 1 2、ox
英语名词单数变复数的规则 1)单数名词加s: students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers. 2)以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加es: glasses, boxes, brushes, matches. 3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es: cities, babies, enemies.4)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es: wives, knives.但有些词只加s: roofs, proof s, chiefs. 5)以o结尾的名词，有些加es: Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes.其它加s: radio s, zoos, pianos, photos. 6)不规则名词：foot→feet, goose→geese, tooth→teeth, child→children, man→me n, woman→women, sheep→sheep, deer→deer, mouse→mice. 7)某些外来词变复数：datum→data, medium→media, bacterium→bacteria, curriculum→curricula, criterion→criteria, phenomenon→phenomena. (um/on→a)analysis→analyses, basis→bases, crisis→crises, diagnosis→diagnoses.(is→es ) 8)复合名词变复数：以不可数名词结尾的复合名词无复数形式，如：homework.以man或woman为前缀的复合名词变复数，前后两个名词都变复数，如：manservant→mens ervants, woman student women students.其它复合名词变复数：grown up→grown ups,
名词单数变复数变化规则： 一．可数名词 1．一般名词复数是在名词后面加上“s”，如map→maps，bag→bags，book-books 2．以s，x，sh，ch 结尾的词加“es”，如bus→buses， watch→watches, box-boxes 等； 3．以f 或fe 结尾的名词变复数时,去掉f，fe 加ves 的名词有：half→halves knife →knives leaf→leaves wolf→wolves wife→wives life→lives thief→thieves 4．以o 结尾的名词变复数时： a）加s 的名词有（无生命）：photo→photos ，piano→pianos，radio→radios b）加es 的名词有（有生命）：potato→potatoes tomato→tomatoes 5．以辅音字母＋y 结尾的词，变y 为i 加es，如baby→babies, family-families, study-studies 等； 以元音字母＋y 结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s 变复数，如 monkey→monkeys，holiday→holidays，storey→storeys（楼层）； 6.oo 变ee 的单词：foot-feet, goose-geese, tooth-teeth； 7. a 变e 的单词：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen; 8.复数与原形一致的单词：fish-fish, sheep-sheep, deer-deer, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese; 注：1.fish 指“鱼肉”时，是不可数名词；2.fish 指“鱼的多少”时，是可数名词，但单数和复数同行；There are many fish in the river。3.fish 强调鱼的“种类“时，复数是“fishes”。There are many kinds of fishes in the river。 9. 有些名词以-s 结尾，但表达的是单数意义，例如：news，maths，politics，physics，the United States 等。 10. 常以复数形式出现的名词，例如：glasses，trousers，shoes，gloves，socks 等，要表达他们的量时常用pair，例如：a pair of glasses/shoes; 复数只需量词变 复数，例如：two pairs of shoes 11. 名词作定语时，不用复数形式，如：a shoe shop。如果要表示复数，则去掉不定冠词，把名词词组中的最后一个名词变成复数形式，如：an apple tree---apple trees 例外：man，woman 作定语时，如果后面的名词是复数，则man，woman 也
小学英语语法：名词 1.名词分为专有名词和普通名词。 如：GuangZhou，Mike，UNESCO等。 专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写，前面不加定冠词the。 如：police，eggs，rice等。 表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体。如：monkey，panda，ruler，boy等。 表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如：family，police，class，people等。 Water，air，milk等。 hope，love，spirit。 1.定义：一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为 物质名词和抽象名词多为 2.可数名词的数： 表示“一个”时用单数，a bird，a teacher，an apple，表示“多个”时用复数。two birds，five teachers，eight apples.
3.可数名词复数的变化规则. A、一般情况下，在单数名词的后面加-s构成。如：game-games，boy-boys等。 B、以s、x、sh、ch结尾的单数名词变复数，在词尾加-es构成。如：box-boxes，bus-buses，peach-peaches，dish-dishes。 C、以o结尾，表示有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-es；表示没有生命的事物的单数名词变复数加-s。如：potato-potatoes，tomato-tomatoes，photo-photos，piano-pianos等。 D、以辅音字母加y结尾的单数名词变复数，将y改成i后再加-es。如：factory-factories，story-stories，family-families。 E、以f或fe结尾的单数名词变复数，将f或fe改成v，然后再加-es。如：leaf-leaves，life-lives，knife-knives等。 F、名词单数变复数，除了有规则可循的变化之外，还有一部分的变化是不规则的，我们将这部分名词的变化叫做不规则变化。这些词有：goose-geese，foot-feet，tooth-teech，man-men，woman-women，mouse-mice，sheep-sheep，deer-deer，fish-fish，child-children，ox-oxen 4.不可数名词量的表示 需给这些词计量，我们于是采用这种方法： 如：a cup of tea，a box of milk，a piece of paper等。 如果为了表示多个的概念，我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即
英语名词单数变复数规则 ★清华大学★英语系测试：为中小学生英语量身定做. 官方网站：https://www.doczj.com/doc/2916222134.html,/ 清华大学英语教授研究组提供 英语名词单数变复数的规则 一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。读音变化：结尾是清辅音读[s]，结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。例：friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces 二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es 构成复数。 读音变化：统一加读[iz]。 例：bus→buses; quiz→quizzes; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash→flashes 三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i，再加-es。 读音变化：加读[z]。 例：candy→candies; daisy→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady →ladies; story→stories 四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es，否则
加-s构成复数。 读音变化：加读[z]。 例：tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes; torpedo→torpedoes; bingo→bingoes 反例：silo→silos; piano→pianos（外来词）; photo→photos; macro→macros（缩写词） 五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves，但有例外。 读音变化：尾音[f]改读[vz]。 例：knife→knives; life→lives; leaf→leaves; staff→staves; scarf→scarves 反例：roof→roofs 六、以-us结尾的名词（多为外来词），通常将-us改变为-i构成复数。 读音变化：尾音[Es]改读[ai]，其中[kEs]要改读为[sai]，[gEs]要改读为[dVai]。 例：fungus→fungi; abacus→abaci; focus→foci; cactus→cacti; cestus→cesti 七、以-is结尾的名词，通常将-is改变为-es。
《可数名词变复数的变化规则》导学案 名词在英语学习中是非常重要的，它分为可数名词和不可数名词。不可数名词可以简单地理解为无法用数计算的名词，比如肉类meat、chicken等,液体water，juice，orange，milk等。可数名词分单数和复数，单数常和a, an, the冠词连用，如 a dog, an apple, 但是可数名词变复数是同学们在学习时接触过的语法现象，也是比较难以掌握的，同时也是每次考试涉及到的重要知识点，本节课我们一起总结可数名词变复数的规则。 一、名词复数的规则变化 1) 一般的名词在词尾加-S students, apples, bags, trees, books, brothers. 2) 以s、x、sh、ch结尾的名词加-es glasses, boxes, brushes, matches. 3) 以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加es cities, babies, cherries，countries 4) 以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f为v加es half---halves knife---knives leaf---leaves wolf---wolves wife---wives life---lives thief---thieves； 5) 以o结尾的名词，有些加es Negroes, heroes, tomatoes, potatoes（黑人英雄爱吃土豆和西红柿）， 其它加s: radios, zoos, pianos, photos, 二、名词复数的不规则变化 1)改变内部的元音字母： foot→ feet, tooth→ teeth, mouse→ mice，man→ men, woman→ women 2)单复数同形： sheep→ sheep, deer→ deer, Chinese→ Chinese, 3）加ren child→ children 3）集体名词， people ,class, police 等本身就是复数 三、复数的发音 一般情况加 -s 清辅音后读/s/ map-maps 浊辅音和元音后读 /z/ bag-bags /car-cars 以s, sh, ch, x等结尾加 -es 读 /iz/ bus-buses/ watch-watches 以ce, se, ze,等结尾加 -s 读 /iz/ license-licenses 以辅音字母+y结尾变y 为i再加es 读 /z/ baby---babie
名词单数变复数规则 名词是表示人、事物、地方、现象及其他抽象概念名称的词。 1.名词分为专有名词和普通名词。 如：Guangzhou，Mike，UNESCO等。 专有名词一般情况下第一个字母要大写，前面不加定冠词the。 如：police，eggs，rice等。 普通名词又可分为个体名词、集体名词、物质名词和抽象名词。 个体名词：表示某一类人或某一类东西中的个体。如：monkey，panda，ruler，boy等。 集体名词：表示一群人或一些事物的总称。如：family，police，class，people等。 物质名词：表示无法分为个体或不具备确定形状和大小的实物。如：Water，air，milk等。 抽象名词：表示抽象概念词。如：hope，love，spirit。 在讨论名词的数之前，必须了解英语的名词有可数名词和不可数名词两种。 一般来说，个体名词和集体名词多为可数名词，物质名词和抽象名词多为不可数名词。 不可数名词： 不可数名词意味着这些名词只能是单数，没有复数形式，不能与数目字如one, two等连用，也不能加不定冠词a(n)。不可数名词没有单数、复数之分，但我们在生活中有时候又必需给这些词计量，我们于是采用这种方法： 如：a cup of tea，a box of milk，a piece of paper等。 如果为了表示多个的概念，我们就将表示这些东西的单位变成复数即可。 如：a cup of tea---3 cups of tea，a box of milk---12 boxes of milk，A piece of paper---100 pieces of paper *需要注意的是，a.当物质名词转化为个体名词时为可数。比较：Cake is a kind of food.蛋糕是 一种食物。（不可数）These cakes are sweet.这些蛋糕很好吃。（可数）b. 当物质名词表示该物质的种类时，可数。例如：This factory produces steel.（不可数）We need various steels.（可数）c. 当物质名词表示份数时，可数。例如：Our country is famous for tea. 我国因茶叶而闻名。Two teas, please. 请来两杯茶。 2）抽象名词表示具体的事例时也可数。例如： four freedoms 四大自由 the four modernizations四个现代化 只有可数名词才有单数和复数两种形式。 一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。 例：f riend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces 二、凡是以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
英语可数名词的复数变化规则： 1、一般情况下加S 例如： book——books ruler——rulers hen——hens 2、以s、x、ch、sh 结尾，加es 例如： } bus——buses box——boxes watch——watches dish——dishes 3、以元音字母+y结尾，加s （元音字母：a o e i u） 例如： monkey——monkeys holiday——holidays ， toy——toys 4、以辅音字母+y结尾，去掉y，加ies 例如： story——stories baby——babies ①直接加s
5、以f、fe结尾有的②去掉f或fe，加ves ③既可以直接加s，又可以去掉f、fe加ves （ 以f、fe结尾，直接加s 顺口溜：海湾农奴信酋长，悬崖证据在房顶。 gulf——gulfs[ɡ?lf]海湾 serf——serfs[s??f]农奴、奴隶 belief——beliefs[b?'li?f]信 chief——chiefs [t?i?f]酋长 cliff——cliffs[kl?f] 悬崖 proof——proofs[pru?f]证据 】 roof——roofs[ru?f]房顶 以f、fe结尾，加es 顺口溜：妻子持刀去宰狼， 小偷吓得发了慌， 躲在架后保己命， 半片树叶遮目光。 wife——wives[wa?f] 妻子 — knife——knives[na?f] 小刀 wolf——wolves[w?lf] 狼 thief——thieves[θi?f]小偷
shelf——shelves[?elf] 架子 self——selves[self] 自己 life——lives[la?f] 生命 half——halves[hɑ?f]一半 leaf——leaves[li?f]树叶 ； 注：关于self的复合词，也是去掉f加ves 例如： myself——ourselves yourself——yourselves himself（herself）——themselves 以f、fe结尾，既可以直接加s，又可以去掉f、fe加ves 顺口溜：码头侏儒围围巾，手绢复数变二心。 例如： 、 Wharf [w??f]码头 Dwarf [dw??f]侏儒 Scarf [skɑ?f]围巾 Handkerchief ['h??k?t??f] 手绢 6、以O结尾的一般有两种情况，但是也有特殊情况。 一般无生命的加s 例如： auto——autos['??t??] 汽车 ·
可数名词变复数规则总结 英语名词单数变复数主要有以下规则: 一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式，是在该词末尾加上后辍-S。读音变化：结尾是清辅音读［s］，结尾是浊辅音或兀音读［z］。 例: friend —friends; cat —cats; style —styles; sport —sports; piece —pieces 二、凡是以s、z、x、ch、sh结尾的词，在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。读音变化：统一加读［iz］。 例: bu厂buses; quiz —quizzes; fox —foxes; match —matches; flash —flashes box —boxes; watch —watches; actress —actresses; class —c（s长途车oach —coaches; dress —dresses; sandwich —sandwiches; toothbrush —toothbrushes; waitress （女侍者）—waitresses 三、以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y改变为i,再加-es。 读音变化：加读［z］。 例: candy—candies; daisy （雏菊）—daisies; fairy —fairies; lady —ladies; story —stories strawberry —strawberries; baby —babies; puppy —puppies; library —libraries; dictionary —dictionaries; cherry —cherries; activity —activities 四、以-o结尾的名词，如果不是外来词或缩写，就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。（有生命的加es 无生命的加s） 读音变化：加读［z］。 例: tomato^tomatoes; potato —potatoes; torped鱼雷）—torpedoes; bing（彩票式游戏）—bingoes 反例：silo （青贮塔）—silos; piano —piano外卜来词）；photo —photos; macro （宏指令，计机算语言）—macros （缩写词） 五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词，多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。读音变化：尾音［f］改读［vz］。 例: knife —knives; life —lives; leaf —leave员工ia—staves; sca（围巾） —scarves 目前搜集的直接加s：roof-roofs, belief-beliefs,gulf（海湾）-gulfs, serf （农奴）-serfs safe-safes,chie（负责人）-chiefs 这几个可变可不变：scarf-scarfs handkerchief- handkerchiefs
智博教育名词变复数变化规则 1．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ,pig-pigs ,pear-pears ,ruler-rulers,bag-bags,tree-tre es 2．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes,fox-foxes brush-brushes, watch-watches，peach-peache，dress-dresses, dish-dishes. 3．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i, 再加-es，如：family-families, strawberry-strawberries body-bodies,cherry-cherries,特别强调boy复数boys ,toy复数toys(a,e,I,o,u原音字母加y结尾的单词直接加s.) 4．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v, 再加-es，如： knife-knives,wolf-wolves,wife-wives 5．不规则名词复数： man-men,woman-women,policeman-policemen, policewoman-policewomen, mouse-mice child-children, this-these, that-those, I-we, he,she,it-they foot-feet,.tooth-teeth ,goose-geese. fish-fish, people-people, Chinese-Chinese,