主谓一致原则
三原则：1. 语法一致 2. 意义一致 3 ，就近一致
一. 主语→集体名词（见名词）
1. 单数含义
2. 复数含义
3. 单复数均可
e.g. People often use body language on purpose.
The youth today are the pensioners of tomorrow.
Our team is very important to me. Our team are travelling to Xinjiang.
The population of Jiangsu has grown to more than twice what it was in 1949.
His personal wealth is estimated at around $ 100 million.
二, 主语→并列结构
1. and连接的并列主语
(1) 由and / both ···and 连接的主语，谓语→复数
e.g. But anger and stress are nothing compared to the real costs of the mother car.
Air and water are essential to human beings.
Both rice and cotton grow in the southern area.
(2) 由and 连接的并列单数主语指同一人、事物、概念，这时第二个名词前无限定词或两
个名词前均无限定词，谓语→ 单数
e.g. A poet and artist is coming to speak to us about Chinese literature and painting tomorrow.
The secretary and the principal of the school are a friend of mine.
The ninth and last chapter was written by Tom. / The ninth and the last chapter were···
(3) 由and 连接的并列主语前如果有no /each /every /many a 修饰，谓语→单数
e.g. Every boy and (every) girl has an apple. No desk and chair was seen in the room.
(4) 单数概念的习语：
a knife and fork / a cup and saucer / a watch and chain / bread and butter/ the needle and
thread / cause and effect / heart and soul / pen and ink / time and tide / fish and chips / truth and honesty / rock and roll / peace and quiet / whisky and soda / strawberry and cream
2. 就近原则：not only… but also / either…or / neither…nor / not…but / or / there be / here /
there
e.g. Either you or one of your students is to attend the meeting that is due tomorrow.
Was he or you are able to persuade her?
Not the students but I was wrong.
Are neither you nor I fit for the work?
There’s a boy and two girls at the door.
3. 并列的非谓语动词及从句作主语：
(1) 单独的to do /doing / 从句作主语，谓语→单数
Visiting a place like this is always very interesting.
To say is easier than to do.
How this happened isn’t clear to anyone.
Whether he’ll come here isn’t known.
(2) 由and 连接两个相同部分作主语，表示整体(同一) 概念视为单数，表示不同概念视
为复数。
e.g. Walking, fishing, horse riding, tennis, golf and sailing are all popular.
Early to bed and early to rise makes a man healthy. =To go to bed early and to rise early is
a good habit.
Listening and speaking are important in learning a foreign language.
(3) what引导的主语从句要根据其所指的具体内容决定。
①what = that / the thing which 单数含义; = those / the things which 复数含义
②主句的表语为单数，谓语→ 单数
主句的表语为复数谓语→ 单数/ 复数，由主从句代表的单复数决定。
e.g. What interests the workers most are better wages and working conditions.
What he says and acts does not concern me
What he says and acts do not agree.
What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper.
(4) 两个疑问词+ to do 表一个事物的两个侧面，谓语→单数
由and 连接“疑问词+ to do ” 谓语→复数
e.g. When and where to build the factory isn’t decided yet.
Where to find the teacher and where to do the experiment aren’t known.
三, 数量概念作主语
1. 表示时间、距离、重量、长度、金额的复数名词作主语，谓语→单数
e.g. Today, five years in a job is a long time and some people even change jobs every two years.
A hundred miles is a long distance.
Twenty pounds is n’t much for all the trouble we took.
2. some / most / half / all /the rest / the majority / the remainder /part /all / plenty / a portion /分数
/百分数+of + n. 谓语→n. 决定
e.g. All of these processes are a form of natural evolution.
All of this is wonderful, but the best part of the film is the acting.
Most of what has been said about the Smiths is also true of the Johnsons.
For example, 80 percent of e-mails on the Internet are in English.
Part of the people in our school are from Canada.
The greatest part of those three years was spent in the countryside.
The rest of the money was spent on books.
Some of the milk has turned sour.
3. a number of + 名词复数作主语谓语→复数
the number of + 名词复数作主语谓语→单数
e.g. The number of foreign students attending Chinese universities has been rising steadily since
1990.
A number of children whose parents had died on the quake were sent to live with families in
other countries.
4. a quantity of + 可数名词/ 不可数名词作主语，谓语→单数
quantities of + 可数名词 / 不可数名词作主语，谓语→复数
e.g. A large quantity of milk was reported not to reach the standard.
With more forests being destroyed, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away each year.
Huge quantities of oil were spilling into the sea.
5. more than one + 单数名词谓语→ 单数
more + 复数名词+ than one 谓语→ 复数
many a + 单数名词谓语→ 单数
e.g.Many a good man has been destroyed by drink.
More members than one are against your plan.
More than one person was injured in the accident.
6. (1) one or two + 名词复数谓语→ 复数
(2) a/an + 单数名词+ or two 谓语→ 单数
(3) one and a half + 名词复数谓语→ 单数
(4) one + 单数名词+ in + 基数词/ one in + 基数词+ n. 谓语→ 单数
(5) a + 单数名词+ or two or three ···谓语→ 单数
e.g. A day or two is enough for this work.
One or two days are enough for this work.
One and a half days is all I can spare.
It’s reported that in this area one in four people suffers from lung cancer.
In some parts of Britain, one person in ten, by the age of 30, has no teeth left .
A servant or two or three was to accompany.
7. (1) one of + 名词复数+ 定语从句( 先行词作主语) 定语从句谓语→ 复数
(2) the / the only / the very / the last + one of + 名词复数+ 定语从句( 先行词作主语)
定语从句谓语→ 单数
(3) one of the / one’s + 名词复数作主语谓语→ 单数
e.g. This is one of the most strange stories that are told by my grandpa.
He is the only one of the students who has been a winner of scholarship for three years.
At present, one of the arguments in favor of the new airport is that it will bring a lot of jobs to the area.
This is one of the rooms that were damaged in the fire.
He is the only one of the boys who is going to visit Japan tomorrow.
8. pile / mountain / row / mass / cup / basket / box / pack / parcel of + n.作主语, 谓语→ 由of
前的名词决定
a mass of / masses of + 复数名词作主语，谓语→ 复数
a mass of + 不可数名词作主语，谓语→ 单数
masses of + 不可数名词作主语，谓语→ 复数
e.g. A mass / masses of students are going to take part in the activity.
Masses of dirt are being washed away.
The young dancers looked so charming in their beautiful clothes that we took masses of pictures of them.
Piles of rubbish have not only blocked the way, but polluted the air as well.
A row of willows is lined on one side of the river.
9. a group / couple of + 复数名词作主语，谓语→ 复数
A couple of days have passed since we parted /
10. a good (great ) many / (a) few / several / scores of / dozens of / hundreds of / thousands of /
a good ( great ) ( large ) number + 复数名词作主语，谓语→ 复数
Usually few regard their work as a pleasure.
11. some / plenty of / a lot of / lots of + 复数名词/不可数名词作主语, 谓语→n.决定
Some work to live while some live to work.
12. a great ( good ) deal of / (a) little / a ( large ) amount of / a bit of + 不可数名词作主语，谓
语→ 单数
A great deal of time was wasted playing but ought to have been fully used.
The total amount of money is $ 1000.
13. the majority of + 复数名词作主语，谓语→ 复数the majority作主语，谓语→ 单
数/ 复数
The majority of boys like football.
The majority always imposes its will on the minority.
14. a series of + 复数名词作主语，谓语→ 单数
A series of scandals over the past year has not helped public confidence in the government.
There has been a series of sexual attacks on women in the area.
15. 基数词作主语，谓语→ 单数。当指两个或两个以上的人或物时，谓语→ 复数
125 is the cube of 5. / 12 is a multiple of 4.
Nine were absent this morning.
16. 加、减、乘、除作主语, 谓语→ 单数/ 复数( 加、乘) ；单数( 减、除)
e.g. Fifteen and / plus five make(s) / equal(s) / is / are twenty.
Fifteen minus / from five makes / equals / leaves / is ten.
Four fives are twenty.( 小数目的乘法的第二个数字用复数，等号用are )
Five times / multiplied by six makes / equals / is thirty.
Fifteen divided by five / equals three.
Nine into twenty –seven goes three.
17. …kind (s) / form (s) / type (s) / sort (s) of + n. 作主语，谓语→ 由of前决定
n. + …kind (s) / form (s) / type (s) / sort (s) of作主语，谓语→ 由of前决定
e.g. There are three forms of books in the library.
Children under sixteen aren’t permitted to see such kind of films as is bad for their metal development.
四, 不定代词作主语
1. 复合不定代词/ either /neither /each / one / another / little / much作主语谓语→ 单数
e.g. Nobody knows exactly how many species of plants and animals there are on Earth.
Everyone has a chance to win.
Each has his/their own room.
If one wants to be a success, one / he should try one’s / his best.
The two guests have arrived, and either is welcome.
I sent cards to Mary and Peter, but neither has replied.
2. both / few / several / many / the other two ···/ another two ···作主语谓语→ 复数
e.g. Few of them are of any good.
Many have given their lives in the cause of truth.
I keep only one apple for myself, and the other two are yours.
Five people came to help, but another three were still needed.
The apples have been stored so badly that many have rotted.
3. 谓语动词根据代词的意义变化
(1) all 作主语：指全体人或物谓语→ 复数
指一切事物谓语→ 单数
All I want is peace and quiet.
All are equal before the law.
All I can say is that she has been always kind to me.
All that can be done has been done.
(2) none ( of ) 作主语：指复数名词谓语→ 单数/ 复数
指不可数名词谓语→ 单数
e.g. None of these pens works / work.
None of the work was done.
Jimmy has used up all the money m none is left.
Did any of my friends come to see me? None. ( 有范围)
Did anyone come to see me? No one. （无范围）
4. 主语+ 同位语谓语→ 由主语决定
They each have won a prize. / They have won a prize each.
5. such 作主语，谓语→ 由其所指的人或物决定
Such is Stephen Hawking, who has suffered a great deal but achieved so much.
Such are the difficulties that we are now faced with.
五, 不介入原则：谓语→ 由主语决定
主语+ with / together with / along with / besides / except / but / like / such as / including / as well as / as much as / no less than / more than / in addition to / rather than
e.g. Dr Smith, together with his wife and daughter, is going to visit Beijing this summer.
Pronunciation, as well as grammar and vocabulary, changes very quickly from one area to another.
No one except the children was glad to hear the news.
六, the + adj ./ done 作主语：
1, 表一类人谓语→ 复数
The young / old / rich / poor / blind / deaf / living / dead / innocent / good / cruel / disabled / wounded / pure / Chinese / wealthy / sick / weak / injured / unemployed / homeless / dying / wise / foolish / helpless /
e.g. The old feel the cold more than the young.
2, 表个别人、一类事物或抽象概念谓语→ 单数
e.g. The dead is a well –known engineer.
The deceased was the victim of a bomb attack.
The new is sure to replace the old.
The beautiful lives forever.
The good in him weighs the bad.
The unknown has to be known.
七, 以复数形式结尾的名词作主语
1，以s结尾的学科名词作主语，谓语→ 单数；当不表示学科时，谓语→ 复数news / maths / physics / politics / economics / electronics / ethics / statistics
e.g. Politics does not interest me.
What are your politics?
These statistics show that exports are still low.
The economics of national growth are of great importance to all governments.
2. 以s结尾的国名、地名、书报名、电影名作主语，谓语→ 单数
The United Nations plays an important role in the international affairs.
The New York Times is one of the leading newspapers of the United States.
3. 以s结尾的海峡、山脉、群岛作主语，谓语→ 复数
The Straits of Gibraltar haven’t lost their strategical importance.
The ALPS are the greatest mountain range in Europe.
The Maldives are in the Indian Ocean.
4. 单复数同形的名词作主语，谓语→ 根据意义确定means / deer / sheep / series / species /
works /crossroads /headquarters
e.g. The only means of communication was sign language.
All possible means have been tried to save the wounded soldiers.
5. savings / belongings / earnings / thanks / goods / leavings / clothes / lodgings / surroundings
/ winnings / remains / regards / arms / goods / greens / thanks / looks / brains / ashes / manners / 作主语，谓语→ 复数
e.g. The family were saved but the belongings were lost.
All my savings are intended for the poor children here.
Their present surroundings are very satisfactory.
The goods were shipped yesterday.
Where are your manners?
6. 疾病名词作主语，谓语→ 单数AIDS / arthritis关节炎/ diabetes / measles麻疹/
mumps腮腺炎
Measles is much less common now than it used to be.
Mumps is serious illness for grown–up people.
7.游戏名词作主语，谓语→ 单数billiards台球，弹子球/ bowls / darts掷飞镖/ dominoes
多米诺骨牌
Billiards is not exclusively a men’s game.
8. 表示成双成套的名词（trousers / pants / glasses / shoes / chopsticks / compasses / scissors 等）作主语，谓语→ 复数；
但如果有kind of / pair of / sort of / type of 等修饰，谓语→ 由这些词决定
e.g. My trousers are old, so I want to buy a new pair.
A pair of Funky Swanky jeans costs only $ 8, available in all Funky Swanky shops now.
八. 两个主语，一个为肯定，另一个为否定，谓语→ 由肯定主语一致
I, not you , am fit for the job .
九，倒装句的谓语与后面的主语一致。
Here is a book and two pens for you.
On the wall hang some pictures by Picasso.
Gone are the days that we worked together, laughed together.
Never before has she been to Paris.
十. 引号中的句子作主语，谓语→ 单数
“Many hands make light work”is a well –known saying .
十一. 强调句中，that / who 的谓语与被强调的主语一致。
It’s honey bee that has most interested scientists because of the language they use to communicate with each other.
It’s John and Mary who are wrong.
主谓一致专题强化训练
1. Each of you ______ responsible for the accident.
A. am
B. be
C. is
D. are
2. Each man and woman ______ the same rights.
A. has
B. have
C. had
D. is having
3. Every means ______ tried but without much result.
A. has been
B. have been
C. are
D. is
4. There ______ in this room.
A. are too much furniture
B. is too many furnitures
C. are too much furnitures
D. is too much furniture
5. The manager or his assistant ______ planning to go.
A. were
B. are
C. was
D. be
6. Not only I but also David and Iris ______ fond of playing basketball.
A. am
B. is
C. are
D. was
7. Neither Tom nor his parents ______ at home.
A. is
B. are
C. has
D. was
8. Either the dean or the principal ______ the meeting.
A. attends
B. attend
C. are attending
D. have attended
9. ______ was wrong.
A. Not the teacher but the students
B. Both the students and the teacher
C Neither the teacher not the students D. Not the students but the teacher
10. “______ twenty dollars a big sum to her?”“I suppose so.”
A. Will be
B. Is
C. Are
D. Were
11. Three hours ______ enough for us to finish the task.
A. are
B. has
C. is
D. were
12. Most of his savings ______ in the Xin Hua Bank.
A. has been kept
B. is being kept
C. have kept
D. have been kept
13. All that can be done ______.
A. has done
B. has been done
C. have done
D. have been done
14. One or perhaps more pages _______.
A. is missing
B. has been missed
C. are missing
D. was missing
15. More than one worker ______ dismissed.
A. have been
B. are
C. has been
D. has
16. Many a student ______ the importance of learning a foreign language.
A. have realized
B. has realize
C. have been realized
D. has been realized
17. The gas works ______ near the city.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. be
18. The surroundings of his house ______ clean now.
A. is
B. are
C. was
D. were
19. The committee ______ over the problem among themselves for two hours.
A. has argued
B. has been arguing
C. have argued
D. have been arguing
20. The public ______ generous in their contributions to the earthquake victims.
A. is
B. was
C. are
D. has been
21. Cattle ______ on the hillside.
A. grazes
B. is grazing
C. was grazing
D. were grazing
22. Her politics ______ neither conservative nor liberal.
A. is
B. are
C. was D has been
23. Measles ______ a kind of infectious illness.
A. is B are C. were D. have been
24. The Philippines ______ to the south-east of China.
A. lies
B. lie
C. lay
D. lays
25. Mary is one of the girls who ______ always on time.
A. is
B. am
C. are
D. was
26. Tom is the only one of the stall members who ______ to be promoted.
A. is going
B. are going
C. has been going
D. have been
going
27. What caused the accident ______ on the road.
A. were stone
B. were stones
C. was stone
D. was stones
28. Wisky and soda ______ his favorite drink.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. have been
29. ______ is to attend our evening.
A. both the singer and the dancer
B. Either the singer or dancers
C. The singer or dancers
D. The singer and dancer
30. The Smiths ______ their breakfast when the morning post came.
A. had
B. has been having
C. are having
D. were having
31. No one except two students ______ the meeting.
A. has been late for
B. have been late for
C. was late for
D. were later for
32. All but him and me ______ to the exhibition.
A. am going
B. is going
C. are going
D. was going
33. Interest, as well as prospects, ______ important when one looks for a job.
A. are
B. were
C. is
D. was
34. The president, accompanied by his assistants, ______.
A. have arrived B are arriving C. had arrived D. has arrived
35. A number of cars ______ in front of the park
A. is parked
B. was parked
C. are parked
D. has parked
36. The number of articles published on smoking ______ amazing.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. have been
37. The majority of doctors ______ smoking is harmful to health.
A. are believed
B. had believed
C. has believed
D. believe
38. The majority of the damage ______ easy to repair.
A. is
B. are
C. were
D. be
39. Four-fifths of the crop ______.
A. are ruined
B. was ruined
C. were ruined
D. have been ruined
40. Three-fourths of the buildings ______.
A. was destroyed
B. is destroyed
C. were destroyed
D. has been destroyed
创作编号： GB8878185555334563BT9125XW 创作者：凤呜大王* 主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“there be+句型；or either...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;not only...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me. 他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。
(4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk. 桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。 非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“no one”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。总结：英语就近原则短语 1.There be句型There is a book and some pencils on the desk. =There are some pencils and a book on the desk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday. =Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday. =Not only Ann’s parents but also she stays at home every Sunday.
主谓一致和就近就远原则 就近一致原则 也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”，即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、人数”上一致。 一、在正式文体中： 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语：“therebe+句型； oreither...or;nor;neither...nor;whether...or;not...but;notonly...but also”等。 Eg. (1)What he does or what he says does not concern me.他的行为或言谈与我无关。 (2)Neither you nor I am wrong.你和我都没错。 (3)Not you but your father is to blame. 不是你，而是你的父亲该受责备。 (4)Not only you but (also) he is wrong. 不仅你错了，他也错了。 2.在倒装句中，谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 Eg.(1)In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and theshouts of the people. 在远处，能听见鼓掌和人们的呼喊声。 (2)There is (are) a pen and some books on the desk.桌上有一支钢笔和几本书。非正式文体中： 有时依“就近”和“意义”一致的原则；但语法上，“noone”才是主语，谓语要改成“agrees”。“写作中”一般要依“语法一致”原则。
总结：英语就近原则短语 1.Therebe句型 Thereisabookandsomepencilsonthedesk.=Therearesomepencilsandabookonthedesk. 2.Neither...nor... Neither you nor he is right.=Neither he nor you are right. 3.either...or... Either they or Jim is going to Shanghai next Saturday.=Either Jim or they are going to Shanghai next Saturday. 4.not only...but also... Not only Ann but also her parents stay at home every Sunday.=Notonly Ann’s parentsbut alsoshestays athome everySunday. 就远原则 谓语动词与前面主语一致 代表词汇：as well as;(together/along)with;Rather than;except;besides;but;including;in addition to;apart from例子：He rather than I is right. Nobody but two students is in the classroom. 主谓一致 一、当主语后面与with,aswellas,but,except,like,ratherthan,no less than,besides,including等+名词或代词连用时，谓语动词与第一个主语保持一致。 1.Theteacher,with6girlsand8boysofherclass,___visitinga museum when the earthquake struck. A.was B.were C.had been D.would be
Agreement between subject and verb 主谓一致主要有以下三个原则： 1、语法一致原则（5种情况） 2、意义一致原则（10种情况） 3、就近原则 语法一致原则 1．and连接不同的人或事时作主语时,谓语动词用复数；但如果连接的名词指的是同一人或物, 或同一概念时, 谓语要用单数。The singer and dancer____ going to give us a performance. The knife and fork ____on the table. 2. 不定式, 动词ing形式或主语从句作主语时,谓语动词用单数。What he is doing seems very important. Collecting stamps is his hobby. 3. 定语从句的关系代词who, which, that在从句中作主语时，要与先行词的人称和数保持一致。 Those who enjoy singing may join us. Tom, who is your friend, should help you. I, who am a teacher, lack humor. 4. with, along with, together with, as well as, besides, like, without, except, but, including 如果句子中有这些连接词和主语连用,谓语动词的数随主语的变化而变化。例如：The teacher together with his students, is planting trees in the street. 5. many a, more than one与单数名词组成的短语, 谓语用单数。Many a boy has seen it. More than one student is required to redo the homework. 意义一致原则 1. 不定代词all, more, some, any, none作主语,谓语动词视情况而定。All of the apples ____rotten. All of the apple ____rotten. 2. the rest of; half of; part of; the majority of等以及分数、百分比在句子中加名词作主语的时候,谓语动词与of后面的名词保持一致。 Half of the students _____finished their composition. Half of the water ____(pollute). 3. 集合名词作主语，强调整体谓语动词用单数；指全体人员时, 动词则用复数。这一类常见的集合名词有public, family, class, crowd, audience, team, government, group。 His family ____already________(move)to France. His family ____all music lovers. 4. 某些名词如people, police, cattle等,形式上是单 数, 但意义上是复数, 谓语动词应用复数。 people指“民族”时是例外。 The police__________ searching for a thief. The cattle____________eating grass on the hill. 5. 不定代词作主语, 谓语动词要用单数，如someone ,somebody, something, anybody…等Someone is asking for you. 6. 某些名词如clothes, trousers, shoes, glasses, pants, shorts等, 通常只用其复数形式, 但当它们被a pair of 修饰时, 谓语动词用单数。 Here _____ a new pair of shoes for you. 7．某些名词以s结尾如maths, politics, physics, news, plastics 等，谓语动词应用单数。 Physics is a very interesting subject. 8. 以a number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用复数; 以the number of 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数。 A number of new books are on the desk. The number of students in you class is 50. 9. 单复数同形的名词, 作主语的时候, 其谓语动词由上下文决定, 这一类名词有: means, works, deer, fish, sheep, Chinese, Japanese等。 Not every means is useful.。Not all means are useful. 10. 如果主语由“the + 形容词(或过去分词)”结构担任时,谓语通常用复数;这类词有: the brave, the poor, the rich, the blind, the young, the old, the sick, the dead等 就近原则 either ... or; neither ... nor; not only ... but also, whether...or在句子中连接主语的时候或者在there be句型中,谓语动词要和就近的主语保持一致。 应该注意的几个问题: 1. 在主谓倒装的句子中,谓语动词的数应与其后的主语一致。例如:Between the two windows ________（hang）a picture. 2.a (large) quantity of 修饰可数或不可数名词, 其短语作主语时,谓语动词单复数看后面的名词。 A large quantity of people __________needed here. quantities of 修饰可数或不可数名词,其短语作主语时,谓语动词用复数。例如: Quantities of food (nuts)___________ on the table. 3. 表示数量的one and a half 后, 名词要用复数形式, 但是其短语作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。例如：One and a half bananas is left on the table.
主谓一致/就近原则专题 I.适应练习 (主谓一致) ﹡1. Tom as well as his friends ______ (tell) to go out buying some equipment for camping last week. ﹡2. All the meals apart from breakfast ______ (include) in the price. ﹡3. Flight AF421 besides some other flights ______ (delay) because of the heavy fog yesterday. ﹡4. All the guests including him ______ (seat) at the big table now. ﹡5. The thief, together with his companions ______ (not want) to stay in the crowd for long and ______ (appear) immediately. ﹡6. Nobody except your parents always______ (love) you. ﹡7. Fresh fruit like peaches and cherries ______ (sell) very well. ﹡8. Mr. Hu, different from other teachers _______ (not follow) the school code. 笔记： （就近原则） ﹡1. There ______ (be) a CD player and two televisions in the room. ﹡2. Not only their houses but also his ______ (locate) in the west of Chengdu. ﹡3. Either my friends or she ______ (ask) to tell how the accident took place yesterday. ﹡4. Neither the writers nor the singer and actor ______ (invite) to the party yesterday. 笔记： 1. What _______ the staff looking for? A. is B. are C. will D. did 2. You should try Larry and Kevin’s restaurant because _____ the best in the city. A. theirs is B. their’s is C. they are D. their’s are ﹡3. The number of people invited ______ fifty, but a number of them ______ absent for different reasons. (MENT 96) A. were, was B. was, was C. was, were D. were, were ﹡4. A pair of broken glasses ______ on the desk. A. is laying B. is lying C. are lying D. are laying 5. There ______ I’d like to answer this evening. A. are one or two letters B. has one or two letters C. is one or two letters D. have one or two letters 6. Not only the students but also the teacher ______ about the matter. A. are talking B. is to talk C. have talked D. are having talked 7. The teacher with his students ________ in the lab ________ some experiments now. (10 年) A. is; doing B. are; doing C. is; do D. are; do ﹡8. The problem of the town with ______ trees and ______ floods ______ becoming more and more serious.
一、主谓一致原则 语法上一致就是谓语动词和主语在单、复数形式上保持一致。 1. 以单数名词或代词、动词不定式短语、动名词短语或从句作主语时，谓语动词一般用单数形式；主语为复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 注意：由what引导的主语从句，后面的谓语动词多数情况用单数形式，但若表语是复数或what从句是一个带有复数意义的并列结构时，主句的谓语动词用复数形式。 2. 由连接词and或both ... and连接起来的合成主语后面，要用复数形式的谓语动词。 注意：（1）若and所连接的两个词是指同一个人或物时，它后面的谓语动词就应用单数形式。如：The writer and artist has come. （2）由and连接的并列单数主语前如果分别有no, each, every more than a (an) , many a (an) 修饰时，其谓语动词要用单数形式。如：Every student and every teacher was in the room. / No boy and no girl likes it. 3. 主语为单数名词或代词，尽管后面跟有with, together with, except, but, like, as well as, rather than, more than, no less than, besides, including等引起的短语，谓语动词仍用单数形式；若主语为复数，谓语用复数形式。 4. either, neither, each, every 或no +单数名词和由some, any, no, every构成的复合不定代词，都作单数看待。 注意：（1）在口语中当either或neither后跟有“of+复数名词（或代词）”作主语时，其谓语动词也可用复数。如：Neither of the texts is (are) interesting. （2）若none of后面的名词是不可数名词，它的谓语动词就要用单数；若它后面的名词是复数，它的谓语动词用单数或复数都可以。 5. 在定语从句时，关系代词that, who, which等作主语时，其谓语动词的数应与句中先行词的数一致。 6. 如果集体名词指的是整个集体，它的谓语动词用单数；如果它指集体的成员，其谓语动词就用复数形式。这些词有family, class, crowd, committee, population, audience等。 注意：people, police, cattle等名词一般都用作复数。如：The police are looking for the lost child. 7. 由“a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest of, the majority of + 名词”构成的短语以及由“分数或百分数+名词”构成的短语作主语，其谓语动词的数要根据短语中后面名词的数而定。 注意：a number of“许多”，作定语修饰复数名词，谓语用复数；the number of“……的数量”，主语是number，谓语用单数。
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)01 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There _______ a teacher and some students in the park. A．am B．is C．are D．be 2．Because of too much homework, neither you nor James _______ to the cinema to enjoy the fantastic movie named Ready Player One. A．goes B．doesn’t go C．don’t go D．go 3．There some soup and some hamburgers for you on the table. A．have B．has C．are D．is 4．Not only Ciqikou but Hongyadong ________ well-known to people around China now. A．is B．are C．was D．were 5．Here _______ some delicious apples. A．have B．has C．are D．is 6．There _____ some water in the bottle. A．are B．is C．isn’t D．aren’t 7．Not only his parents but also he ______ crazy about the foreign films. A．am B．is C．are D．be 8．There _____ a number of workers in this factory, and the number of them _____ increasing. A．is, is B．are, is C．is, are 9．---What's in your bag?---There ______a wallet, some books and a pen. A．is B．are C．has D．have 10．---______there______ orange in the fridge, Mum?---No. Only apple juice. A．Is；any B．Are；any C．Are；some D．Is；some 11．Not only his friends but also he _______ happy when they heard of the exciting news. A．is B．are C．was 12．Not only children but also my husband _____crazy about the movie Operation Red Sea (《红海行动》 A．is B．are C．am D．be 13．Not only my friends but also I interested in playing basketball in our free time.
主谓一致(就近原则练 习)03
笨老师分享课堂:主谓一致(就近原则练习)03 学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________ 一、单选题 1．There ______a fashion show(时装表演)today. A． does B． is C． has D． can 2．______my father ______ my mother is busy at work, so I have to look after myself. A． Both; and B． Neither; nor C． Not only; but also 3．Either you or one of your students _____ asked to attend tomorrow's meeting. A． is B． have C． are D． has 4．Neither the students nor the teacher ___________ the way to Nanjing Library. A． know B． knows C． don't know D． doesn't know 5．Not only you but also I _________ wrong. A． is B． am C． are D． be 6．Neither he nor I ________ a teacher. A． is B． am C． are D． be 7．Neither Jack nor I to Hong Kong, so we are planning a trip there. A． have been B． has been C． have gone D． has gone 8．There four teachers and a student in the office. A． have B． has C． is D． are 9．Not only you but also I _________interested in the English song Yesterday Once More.
主谓一致的几个原则 Company number：【0089WT-8898YT-W8CCB-BUUT-202108】
英语语法：主谓一致的几个原则主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即语法形式一致，概念一致（语言内容 上一致），毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 1. 语法形式一致 （1）单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数 主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则 用复数形式。例如： 1) The performance was very funny. 2) Serving the people is my great happiness. 3) Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 4) Many natural materials are becoming scarce. 5) Both you and I are students. 6) What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 注1：在what 引导的主语从句中，如果主语补语是复数时，谓语动词用复数形式。 What we have to learn are the pieces of language that produce inversion. 注2：修饰语对主语的数不起影响。例如： The performance of the first three clowns was very funny. （2）由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在 主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓 语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： 1) My mother, as well as my father, has a key to the office. 2) The man together with his wife and children sits there watching TV. 3) His sister no less than you is wrong. 4) The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students. 注：有时在with结构里，加上both之后，with就具有and含义。例如： Grandpa Wang with his son, both looking very happy, are taking a walk in the park. (3)有些代词只能指单数可数名词，当它们在句子中作主语时，尽管在意义上是多数，谓语动词 仍要用单数形式。这类代词有either, neither, each, one, the other, another, somebody, someone, something, anyone, anything, anybody, everyone, everything, everybody, no one, nothing, nobody等。例如： 1) Neither likes the friends of the other. (两人都不喜欢对方的朋友。) 2) Everything around us is matter. (我们周围的所有东西都是物质。) (4)在neither of与either of的结构里，一般语法书都认为谓语动词可用单数形式也可用复 数形式，但在美国的TOEFL考试内要求用单数形式。例如：
主谓一致的三大原则 一、语法一致原则 该原则要求谓语动词必须与主语在语法形式上保持一致，即主语是单数形式，动词用单数形式，主语是复数形式，动词用复数形式： Both my parents are doctors. 我的父母都是医生。 The living-room walls are a light yellow. 客厅的墙是淡黄色。 The two factories are in the same locality. 两家工厂都在同一个地区。 Her job is teaching French. 她的工作是教法语。 The location of the house is near the highway. 房子的地点靠近公路。 A large amount of damage was done in a short time. 短期内造成大量损害。 二、意义一致原则 有时候谓语动词的数取决于主语所表示的概念，而不是其语法形式： This news is important for us. 这条消息对我们很重要。 Paris is among the largest cities in the would. 巴黎是世界上最大的城市之一。 The thesis was about a hundred and fifty pages long. 论文有一百五十页长。 Watch out! The police are coming. 当心，警察来了。 Less people are going to university than usual. 现在上大学的人比平时少。 三、就近原则 有时，谓语动词的数决定于主语中最靠近它的词语： Either you or I am wrong. 不是你错了就是我错了。
就近原则也称“邻近原则”“就近一致原则”(Proximity），即：谓语与靠近的名词、代词（有时不一定是主语）在“人称、数”上一致。 1.由下列词语连接的并列主语："there be＋句型; or ; either …or；nor; neither…nor；whether…or；not…but; not only…but also" ; 等。e.g. ①What he does or what he says does not concern me . 他的行为或言谈都与我无关。 ②Neither you nor I am wrong . 你和我都没错。 ③Not you but your father is to blame . 不是
你，而是你父亲该受责备。 ④Not only you but(also) he is wrong .不仅你错了，他也错了。 2. 在倒装句中：谓语可与后面第一个主语一致。 e.g. ①In the distance was heard the clapping of hands and the shouts of the people . 在远处，能听见鼓掌声和人们的呼喊声。 ②当there be 句型的主语是一系列事物时，谓语应与最邻近的主语保持一致。 There is a pen, a knife and several books on the desk.. There are twenty boy-students and twenty-three girl-students in the class. 3.当一个句子是由there 或here引起,而主语
. ... . . 主谓一致的基本原则主谓一致有以下三条原则：原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。例如，1)语法一致主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。This picture The students are very young．例如：looks beautiful．例如，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。意义一致原则，2)主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数，谓语动词也采取复而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数，数形式；谓语动词也采取单数形式。1.The people in that country are fighting for ．independence 2.The crowd deeply respect their leader． ．a long time3.Three years in a strange land seems ，即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最3)就近原则靠近它的词语。例如：Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy．
Either ..or … 2．主谓一致的用法 根据以上三条原则，主谓一致有如下用法： .z . . . ... . . 1)下列结构作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语，谓语a．动词通常用单数形式。例如：．1.Two hundred miles is a long distance ．2.Ten dollars is a high price for that book，，nothing，anythinganybody，no oneb．由anyone，，someone，everybody，everything，everyone等不定代词作主，neither，each，eithersomebody 语，谓语动词使用单数形式。例如：．1.Someone is knocking at the door2.Anything is better than going to the movie tonight．a portion of +，．c由“a series of，a kind of 名词”作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。例如：A series of debates is scheduled to be
英语语法——主谓一致 主谓一致有许多原则，概括起来不外乎三种一致原则，即：语法形式一致；概念一致（语言内容上一致）；毗邻一致（谓语动词的单复数形式和紧位于其前的主语一致）。 另外，根据代词应该在人称、数、性等方面与所指的词保持一致，还有指代一致。 一、语法形式一致 1、单数主语、单个动词不定式、动名词短语以及句子作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式。复数主语，用and或both…and连接的动词不定式短语、动名词短语以及主语从句作主语，谓语动词则用复数形式。例如： Serving the people is my great happiness. 为人民服务是我最大的幸福。Whether we’ll go depends on the weather. 我们是否去要取决于天气的好赖。 What I think and what I seek have been fairly reflected in my paper. 我所思考的和我所寻求的都在这个论文中体现了出来。 2、由as well as, with, along with, like, together with, rather than, except, but, including, accompanied by, plus, besides, in addition to, no less than 等引起的结构跟在主语后面，不能看作是并列主语，该主语不受这些词组引导的插入语的影响，主语如是单数，其谓语动词仍然用单数形式。例如： The reading course book, plus its reference books, is helpful to college students.
主谓一致的基本原则 主谓一致有以下三条原则： 1)语法一致原则，即在语法形式上取得一致。例如，主语是单数形式，谓语动词也采取单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也采取复数形式。 例如：The students are very young．This picture looks beautiful． 2)意义一致原则，即从意义着眼处理一致关系。例如，主语形式虽是单数但意义是复数，谓语动词也采取复数形式；而有些主语形式虽是复数但意义上看作单数，谓语动词也采取单数形式。 1.The people in that country are fighting for independence． 2.The crowd deeply respect their leader． 3.Three years in a strange land seems a long time．3)就近原则，即谓语动词的单数或复数形式取决于最靠近它的词语。例如： Neither he nor I am going to see the film tonight because we are busy． Either ..or … 2．主谓一致的用法 根据以上三条原则，主谓一致有如下用法：
1)下列结构作主语，谓语动词一般用单数形式 a．表示时间、重量、长度、价值的名词作主语，谓语动词通常用单数形式。例如： 1.Two hundred miles is a long distance． 2.Ten dollars is a high price for that book．b．由anyone，anything，anybody，no one，nothing，everyone，everybody，everything，someone，somebody，each，either，neither等不定代词作主语，谓语动词使用单数形式。例如： 1.Someone is knocking at the door． 2.Anything is better than going to the movie tonight． c．由“a series of，a kind of，a portion of +名词”作主语，谓语动词应用单数形式。例如： A series of debates is scheduled to be held next week． d．由“many a，more than one +单数名词”作主语，尽管意义上表示复数，但谓语动词仍采用单数形式。例如： Many a person in these circumstances has hoped for a long break． There is more than one answer to your question．
主谓一致三原则 。一般来说,主谓一致要遵循以下三个原则: 一、语法一致原则 主谓一致是指句子的主语和谓语在语法形式上保持一致。 (1)主语后面有as well as, with, together, along with, but, like, except, including等非并列连接性短语时, 谓语动词不受该短语中名词数的影响, 仍和主语在人称和数上保持一致。例如: No one except two boys was late for school. There was a bill along with the parce1. The teacher as well as the students likes this painting. (2)由and或both.…and连接的名词作复合主语时, 谓语动词用复数形式。例如: The red rose and the white rose are very beautifu1. Both bread and butter were sold out in that shop. 但要注意, 如果连接的两个名词表示同一概念, 即指同一个人或物时(其特征是and后的名词没有任何冠词), 则主语表示单数意义。例如: The secretary and principal of the schoo1 was present at the meeting. The writer and poet has decided to be on holiday in Guilin. (3)在each.…and each..., every ...and every..., no...and...后分别跟单数名词作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如: There is no sound and no voice in the reading room. In China every man and every woman has the right to vote on this problem. (4) either, each, neither或no +单数名词以及由no, some, any, every等 构成的复合不定代词作主语时,谓语动词都用单数形式。例如: Is everyone here today? Each of us has a new book. Neither is correct. 需要说明的是：在口语中,如果either, neither和none后面有"of +复数名词/代词" 作主语时, 动词用单数或复数形式均可。例如: Neither of them is/are correct. None of the doctors have/has been to the Great Wall. 但要注意"none of+单数名词" 作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。 (5) 动词不定式、动名词或名词性从句作主语时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如: To say is one thing, to do is another. Seeing is believing. What he has done is right. 但由what引导的主语从句作主语时, 如果其表语是复数形式, 谓语动词通常用复数形式。例如: What he took with him were three books. (6) many a后接单数名词时, 谓语动词用单数形式。例如: Many a pilot was killed in the air raid. (7)由a lot of, lots of, plenty of, the rest/majority of +名词,以及由"分数或百分数+名词" 等构成的短语作主语时, 其谓语动词的单、复数形式则要根据名词的单、复数而定。例如: Two-thirds of the profit was made on that deal. The rest of the students are boys. Two percent of the students in our class are boys.