Personification:
1.The Middle Eastern bazaar takes you...
2.dancing flashes
3.the beam groan ... and protesting
4.where camels lie disdainfully chewing their hay,
5.life dealt him profound personal tragedies...
6.the river had acquainted him with ...
7....to literature's enduring gratitude...
8....an entry that will determine his course forever...
9.Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.
10.Personal tragedy haunted his entire life.
Hyperbole
Hyperbole is a figure of speech in which exaggeration is used to emphasize a point, to create humor, or to achieve some similar effects
1)... takes you ...hundreds even thousands of years
2)innumerable lamps
3)with the dust of centuries
4)I see the ten thousand villages …
5)...cruise through eternal boyhood and ...endless summer of freedom...
6)America laughed with him.
7). The trial that rocked the world
8)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the world.
9)Now I was involved in a trial reported the world over.
Onomatopoeia:
1)creak, squeak, rumble, grunt, sigh, groan, etc.
tinkling, banging, clashing
2). its cl anking, heel cl icking
3)appreciative chuckle
4)clucked his tongue
Metaphor
1)I had a lump in my throat
2)At last this intermezzo came to an end...
3)I was again crushed by the thought..
4)hen the meaning ... sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie
5)little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers ...struggle between kimono
and the miniskirt
little old Japan---- traditional floating houses
6)I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact\
Hiroshima----people of Hiroshima, especially those who suffered from the A-bomb (keep her thoughts under control) E.g. 1) Whether for him, the arch anti-Communist, this was riot bowing down in the House of Rimmon
2) I suppose they will be rounded up in hordes.
3) The Nazi regime is devoid of all theme and principle except appetite and racial
domination.
4) Still smarting from many a British whipping
5) rid the earth of his shadow and liberated its peoples from his yoke
a. his wife shot him a swift, warning glance.
(give sb. an angry and quick glare)
b. The words spat forth with sudden savagery.
( the detective said the words suddenly and savagely.)
c. Her tone ...withere
d...
(become shorter from her frightening voice)
d. ...self-assuranc
e...flickered...
( hesitate; move with a quick wavering light emotion)
e. The Duchess kept firm tight rein on her racing mind.
1) f. Her voice was a whiplash.
i.(a heavy blow)
2)g. eyes bored into him
i.(look at him pointedly or sharply)
3)h. I’ll spell it out.
a)(explain or speak out frankly and in detail)
4) 1. Mark Twain --- Mirror of America
5) 2. Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise
through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.
6) 3. The geographic core, in Twain's early years was the great valley of the Mississippi
River , main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart .
7) 4. The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied —a
cosmos.
8)Cast of characters: people of various sorts; cosmos: a place where one can find all sorts
of characters
9) 5. Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but
its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers, and thugs as will.
10)current: stream, here not a good choice for the verb teem.
11) 6. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever in
Nevada 's Washoe region.
12)Succumbed…to: gave way to (yielded to, submitted to ) the gold and silver rush
prevailing in that area.
13)7. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the
persistent, and was rebuffed .
Flirted…wealth: did not try hard or persistently enough to get the colossal wealth…
failed
14)8. From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way
to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.
6. He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of gold and silver fever
in Nevada 's Washoe region.
15)Succumbed…to: gave way to (yielded to, submitted to ) the gold and silver rush
prevailing in that area.
16)7. For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the
persistent, and was rebuffed .
Flirted…wealth: did not try hard or persistently enough to get the colossal wealth…
failed
17)Digging …fame: working hard to gain regional fame
18)Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles .
Honed: sharpened/exercised. It is not suitable to say "sharpen one's muscles".
19)saw clearly ahead a black wall of night...
20)the vast basin drained three-quarters of the settled United States
21)All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up...( submarine comes back to the
surface, here reappear)
22)When railroads began drying up the demand...
23)...took unholy verbal shots...
24)my case would snowball into...
25)our town ...had taken on a circus atmosphere.
26)The street ...sprouted with ...
27)He thundered in his sonorous organ tones.
28)…had not scorched the infidels...
29)…after the preliminary sparring over legalities…
30)The case had erupted on my head.
31)Now Darrow sprang his trump card by calling Bryan as a …
32)But although Malone had won the oratorical duel with Bryan.
33)Then the court broke into a storm of applause that …
34)He accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death …
Irony: a figure of speech in which the meaning literally expressed is the opposite of the
meaning intended and which aims at ridicule, humor or sarcasm.
1)H iroshima---the Liveliest City in Japan
2)marching backwards to the glorious age of the 16th century
Anti-climax: the sudden appearance of an absurd or trivial idea following a serious
significant ideas and suspensions. This device is usu. aimed at creating comic or humorous effects.
1) a town known throughout the world for its---oysters
Parallelism
the repetition of sounds, meanings and structures serve to order, emphasize, and point out relations
(1) The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies...
(2) the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector
(3) We shall fight him by land, we shall fight him by sea, we shall fight him in the air.
(4) where the means of existence is wrung so hardly from the soil, but where there
are still primordial human joys, where maidens laugh and children play.
(5) Let us... Let us...
(6) He hopes ... He hopes
(7) Behind all this glare, behind all this storm
Litotes (double negative) (语轻意重法,间接肯定法)
a) A negative before another word to indicate a strong affirmative in the opposite
direction.
b)I had not the slightest doubt where our duty and our policy lay.
Sarcasm
1)ah, yes, for there are times when all pray
2)There is some doubt about that.
3)His reputation as an authority on Scripture is recognized throughout the
world.
Alliteration（头韵）repetition of vowel sound
1) E.g. I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses
2)its cl anking, heel cl icking
3)fighting for his hearth and home
4)let us learn the lessons
Rhetorical question
1) E.g. …but can you doubt what our policy will be?
Assonance
I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding on like a
swarm of crawling locusts.
e.g. when bigots lighted faggots to burn...
Repetition
E.g. From this nothing will turn us –nothing.
1That is our policy and that is our declaration.
2 the return of the bread-winner, of their champion, of their protector.
3 We have but one aim and one single, irrevocable purpose.
4 We will never parley; we will never negotiate with Hitler or any of his gang.
Antithesis(两个结构相似但是意思相反的平行从句便是对偶句)
1)E.g. Any man or state who fights on against Nazidom will have our aid. Any man or
state who marches with Hitler is our foe.
(E.g. The coward does it with a kiss, the brave man a sword.)
2)From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the
difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.
3)...took unholy verbal shots at the Holy Land...
4)...a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever
Simile
a)I see also the dull, drilled, docile, brutish masses of the Hun soldiery plodding
on like a swarm of crawling locusts.
b)...a memory that seemed phonographic
c)...swept the arena like a prairie fire
d)...a palm fan like a sword...
e)The oratorical storm …blew up in the little court in Dayton swept like a fresh
wind …
Periodic sentence (圆周句)
Periodic sentences achieve forcefulness by suspense. The essential elements in the sentence are withheld until the end.
松散句把主要意思放在次要意思之前，先说最重要的事情，因而读者在看到最初的几个词后就知道这句话的意思。圆周句的安排则相反：把最重要的意思放到最后面，并且直到最后一个词时句子的结构才完整。读者只有看完整句话才知道它说什么。
She decided to study English though she was interested in music.（松散句）
Although she was interested in music, she finally decided to study English.（圆周句）
1) E.g. The past, with its crimes, its follies, and its tragedies, flashes away.
2)if Hitler imagines that his attack on Soviet Russia will cause the slightest divergence of
aims or slackening of effort in the great democracies who are resolved upon his doom, he is woefully mistaken.
?Euphemism:
?1) he commented with a crushing sense of despair on man's final release from earthly struggles
?2) He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy .
1)Metonymy:
but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickaxe
2)...tomorrow the magazines, the books, the newspapers...
3)The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he
must have come from below.
Ridicule
1)Bryan, ageing and paunchy, was assisted ...
2)Bryan mopped his bald dome in silence.
3)...a palm fan like a sword...
Transferred epithet
1) e.g. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm round my shoulder.
2)Antithesis
3) e.g. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that
he must have come from below.
?
Oxymoron
◆Malone called my conviction a "victorious defeat".
Pun
Darwin is right --- inside.
Synecdoche
◆The case had erupted on my head.
《高级英语》修辞分析及参考答案 1. But we shall not always expect…to remember that, in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside. (metaphor) 2. But this peaceful revolution of hope cannot become the prey of hostile powers. (metaphor) 3. And let every other power know that this hemisphere intends to remain the master of its own house. (metaphor) 4. We renew our pledge of support: to prevent it from becoming merely a forum for invective, to strengthen its shield of the new and the weak. (metaphor) 5. And if a beachhead of co-operation may push back the jungle of suspicion…(metaphor) 6. The energy, the faith, the devotion which we bring to this endeavor will light our country and all who serve it, and the glow from that fire can truly light the world. (metaphor) 7. Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers, like clouds of flies. (simile) 8. Instantly, from the dark holes all round, there was a frenzied rush of Jews. (transferred epithet) 9. If a free society cannot help the many who are poor, it cannot save the few who are rich. (antithesis) 10. Let both sides explore what problems unite us instead of belaboring those problems which divide us. (antithesis) 11. And so, my fellow Americans ask not what your country can do for you;ask what you can do for your country. (antithesis) 12. Charles Lamb, as merry and enterprising a fellow as you will meet in a month of Sundays, unfettered the informal essay with his memorable Old China and Dream’s Children. (metaphor) 13. There follows an informal essay that ventures even beyond Lamb’s frontier. (metaphor) 14. Logic, far from being a dry, full of beauty, passion, and trauma. (metaphor and hyperbole) 15. My brain was as powerful as a dynamo, as precise as a chemist’s scales, as penetrating as a scalpel. (simile and hyperbole) 16. It is not often that one so young has such a giant intellect. (hyperbole) 17. Same age, same background, but dumb as an ox. (ellipsis and simile) 18. A nice enough young fellow, you understand, but nothing upstairs. (ellipsis) 19. Not, however, to Petey. (ellipsis) 20. My brain, that precision instrument, slipped into high gear. (metaphor) 21. It is, after all, easier to make a beautiful dumb girl smart than to make an ugly smart girl beautiful. (antithesis) 22. In other words, if you were out of the picture, the field would be open. (metaphor) 23. I said with a mysterious wink. (transferred epithet) 24. He just stood and stared with mad lust at the coat. (hyperbole) 25. Otherwise you have committed a Dicto Simpliciter. (metonymy) 26. You are guilty of Post Hoc if you blame Eula Becker. (metonymy) 27. If there is an immovable object, there can be no irresistible force. (antithesis) 28. The raccoon coat huddled like a great hairy beast at his feet. (simile) 29. Maybe somewhere in the extinct crater of her mind, a few embers still smoldered. Maybe somehow I could fan them into flame. (metaphor) 30. Surgeons have X-rays to guide them during an operation. (metonymy)
Unit 1 Middle Eastern Bazaar 1. Onomatopoeia: is the formation of words in imitation o the sounds associated with the thing concerned. e.g. 1) tinkling bells (Para. 1) 2) the squeaking and rumbling (Para. 9) 2. Metaphor: is the use of a word or phrase which describes one thing by stating another comparable thing without using “as” or “like”. e.g. 1) the heat and glare of a big open square (Para. 1) 2) …in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb this bazaar (Para. 7) 3. alliteration: is the use of several words in close proximity beginning with the same letter or letters. e.g. 1) …thread their way among the throngs of people (Para. 1) 2)…make a point of protesting 4. Hyperbole: is the use of a form of words to make sth sound big, small, loud and so on by saying that it is like something even bigger, smaller, louder, etc. e.g. a tiny restaurant (Para. 7) a flood of glistening linseed oil (Para. 9) 5．Antithesis: is the setting, often in parallel structure, of contrasting words or phrases opposite each other for emphasis. e.g. 1) …a tiny apprentice blows a big charcoal fire with a huge leather bellows…(Para. 5) 2) …which towers to the vaulted ceiling and dwarfs the camels and their stone wheels. (Para. 5) 6. Personification: a figure of speech in which inanimate objects are endowed with human qualities or are represented as possessing human form. e.g. …as the burnished copper catches the light of …(Para.5) Unit 9 Mark Twain—Mirror of America V. Rhetorical devices 1. Simile: Please refer to Lesson 2. e.g. 1) Indeed, this nation’s best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. (Para. 1) 2) Tom’s mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence. (Para. 15)
高级英语课文修辞总结（1-7课） 第一课Face to Face With Hurricane Camille Simile: 1. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (comparing the passing of children to the passing of buckets of water in a fire brigade when fighting a fire) 2. The wind sounded like the roar of a train passing a few yards away. (comparing the sound of the wind to the roar of a passing train) Metaphor : 1. We can batten down and ride it out. (comparing the house in a hurricane to a ship fighting a storm at sea) 2. Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Strong wind and rain was lashing the house as if with a whip.) Personification : 1. A moment later, the hurricane, in one mighty swipe, lifted the entire roof off the house and skimmed it 40 feet through the air. (The hurricane acted as a very strong person lifting something heavy and throwing it through the air.)
英语修辞手法 1.Simile 明喻 明喻是将具有共性的不同事物作对比.这种共性存在于人们的心里,而不是事物的自然属性. 标志词常用like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等. 例如: 1>.He was like a cock who thought the sun had risen to hear him crow. 2>.I wandered lonely as a cloud. 3>.Einstein only had a blanket on, as if he had just walked out of a fairy tale. 2.Metaphor 隐喻,暗喻 隐喻是简缩了的明喻,是将某一事物的名称用于另一事物,通过比较形成. 例如： 1>.Hope is a good breakfast, but it is a bad supper. 2>.Some books are to be tasted, others swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested. 3.Metonymy 借喻,转喻 借喻不直接说出所要说的事物,而使用另一个与之相关的事物名称. I.以容器代替内容,例如: 1>.The kettle boils. 水开了. 2>.The room sat silent. 全屋人安静地坐着. II.以资料.工具代替事物的名称,例如: Lend me your ears, please. 请听我说. III.以作者代替作品,例如: a complete Shakespeare 莎士比亚全集 VI.以具体事物代替抽象概念,例如: I had the muscle, and they made money out of it. 我有力气,他们就用我的力气赚钱. 4.Synecdoche 提喻 提喻用部分代替全体,或用全体代替部分,或特殊代替一般. 例如: 1>.There are about 100 hands working in his factory.(部分代整体) 他的厂里约有100名工人. 2>.He is the Newton of this century.(特殊代一般) 他是本世纪的牛顿. 3>.The fox goes very well with your cap.（整体代部分） 这狐皮围脖与你的帽子很相配. 5.Synaesthesia 通感,联觉,移觉 这种修辞法是以视.听.触.嗅.味等感觉直接描写事物.通感就是把不同感官的感觉沟通起来，借联想引起感觉转移，“以感觉写感觉”。 通感技巧的运用，能突破语言的局限，丰富表情达意的审美情趣，起到增强文采的艺术效果。比如：欣赏建筑的重复与变化的样式会联想到音乐的重复与变化的节奏；闻到酸的东西会联想到尖锐的物体；听到飘渺轻柔的音乐会联想到薄薄的半透明的纱子；又比如朱自清《荷塘月色》里的“ 微风过处送来缕缕清香,仿佛远处高楼上渺茫的歌声似的”。
Lesson2 I. Are they really the same flesh as youself?——rhetorical question 2. They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few yers,and then they sink back into the n ameless mounds of the graveyard. — alliterati on ‘metaphor 3.Sore-eyed childre n cluster everywhere in un believable nu mbers,like clouds of flies. — simile 4. Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape. ——irony 5. There was a fren zied rush of Jews. — tran sferred epithet 6. A white skin is always fairly con spicuous. — syn ecdoche 7. What gover nment service.——rhetorical questi on 8. L ong lines of wome n,be nt double like in verted capital Ls,work their way slowly across the fields. — simile 9. This kind of thing makes one 10.1 am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact. 11.This wretched boy,who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns,actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin. ------ s yn ecdoche 12. And really it was like watch ing a flock of cattle to see the long colu mn,a mile or two miles of armed men.—simile 13. -------- w hile the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direct ion, glitteri ng like scraps of paper. metaphor Lesson3 1. no one has any idea where it will go as it mean ders or leaps and sprkles or just glows. ----- metaphor 2. they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.They are like the musketeers of Dumas — simile 3. sudde nly the alchemy of con versati on took place — metaphor 4. the glow of the con versatio n burst into flames ---- metaphor 5. The con versatio n was on win gs. --- metaphor 6. We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasa nt. ----- m etaphor 7. The Elizabetha ns blew on it as on a dan deli on clock,a nd its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.— simile 's blodrisoolnymy un derstateme nt
Lesson 1 1．"We can batten down and ride it out," he said. (Para. 4) metaphor 2 .Wind and rain now whipped the house. (Para. 7) personification 、metaphor 3. The children went from adult to adult like buckets in a fire brigade. (Para.11) simile 4. He held his head between his hands, and silently prayed: “Get us through this mess, will Y ou?”(Para. 17) alliteration 5. It seized a 600, 000-gallon Gulfport oil tank and dumped it 3.5 miles away. (Para.19) personification 6. Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them. (Para.19) simile、onomatopoeia(拟声) 7. Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point. （Para. 20）transferred epithet 8 8. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart as if by a gigantic fist, and 26 people perished.（Para. 20）simile、personification 9. and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads.(Para.28) simile 10.household and medical supplies streamed in by plane, train, truck and car. (Para. 31) metaphor Lesson 4 1. Darrow had whispered throwing a reassuring arm around my shoulder as we were waiting for the court to open. (para2) Transferred epithet 2. The case had erupted round my head not long after I arrived in Dayton as science master and football coach at secondary school.(para 3) Synecdoche 3. After a while, it is the setting of man against man and creed against creed until we are marching backwards to the glorious age of the sixteenth century.(para14) Irony 4. '' There is some doubt about that '' Darrow snorted.(para 19) Sarcasm 5. The Christian believes that man came from above. The evolutionist believes that he must have come from below.(para 20) Antithesis 6. Gone was the fierce fervor of the days when Bryan had swept the political arena like a prairie.(para 22) Alliteration; Simile 7. The crowd seemed to feel that their champion had not scorched the infidels with the hot breadth of his oratory as he should have. (Para 22) He appealed for intellectual freedom, and accused Bryan of calling for a duel to the death between science and religion. (Para 23) The court broke into a storm of applause that surpassed that Bryan. Snowball:grow quickly; spar: fight with words; thunder: say angrily and loudly; scorch: thoroughly defeat; duel: life and death struggle; storm of applause: loud applause by many people; the oratorical duel; spring the trump card.Metaphor
一、词语修辞格 （1）simile 明喻 ①...a memory that seemed phonographic ②“Mama,” Wangero said sweet as a bird .“can I have these old quilts?” ③Most American remember M. T. as the father of... ④Hair is all over his head a foot long and hanging from his chin like a kinky mule tail. ⑤Impressed with her they worshiped the well-turned phrase, the cute shape, the scalding humor that erupted like bubbles in lye. ⑥My skin is like an uncooked barley pancake. ⑦She gasped like a bee had stung her. （2）metaphor 暗喻 ①It is a vast, sombre cavern of a room,… ②Little donkeys with harmoniously tinkling bells thread their way among the throngs of people entering and leaving the bazaar. ③The dye-market, the pottery market and the carpenters’ market lie elsewhere in the maze of vaulted streets which honeycomb the bazaar. A ④the last this intermezzo came to an end… ⑤…showing just enough of her thin body enveloped in pink skirt and red blouse… ⑥After I tripped over it two or three times he told me … ⑦Mark Twain --- Mirror of America ⑧saw clearly ahead a black wall of night... ⑨main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart ⑩All would resurface in his books...that he soaked up... ?When railroads began drying up the demand... ?...the epidemic of gold and silver fever... ?Twain began digging his way to regional fame...
Lesson1 1 We can batten down and ride it out.--metaphor 2 Everybody out the back door to the cars!--elliptical sentence 3 Telephone poles and 20-inch-thick pines cracked like guns as the winds snapped them.-simile 4 Several vacationers at the luxurious Richelieu Apartments there held a hurricane party to watch the storm from their spectacular vantage point--transferred epithet 5 Strips of clothing festooned the standing trees, and blown down power lines coiled like black spaghetti over the roads-metaphor, simile Lesson3 1. … and no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sparkles or just glows. ---mixed-metaphor or metaphor 3. … that suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place, and all at once there was a focus. ----metaphor 4. The glow of the conversation burst into flames. ----metaphor 5. We had traveled in five minutes to Australia. -----metaphor The fact that their marriages may be on the rocks, or that their love affairs have been broken or even that they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.--—metaphor 6. The conversation was on wings. ----metaphor 8. The bother about teaching chimpanzees how to talk is that they will probably try to talk sense and so ruin all conversation. -----sarcasm反讽 9. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into each other's lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings. -----simile 10. … we ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant. ---- 11. Otherwise one will bind the conversation, one will not let it flow freely here and there. ---- 12. We would never hay gone to Australia, or leaped back in time to the Norman Conquest. ---- 13. They are like the musketeers of Dumas who, although they lived side by side with each other, did not delve into, each other’s lives or the recesses of their thoughts and feelings.—-simile 14. Is the phrase in Shakespeare? ----metonymy 15. The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock, and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile 16. Even with the most educated and the most literate, the King’s English slips and slides in conversation.—alliteration 17. When E.M.F orster writes of ―the sinister corridor of our age,‖ we sit up at the v ividness of the phrase, the force and even terror in the image.—--metaphor Lesson4 1. United, there is little we cannot do in a host of co-operative ventures. Divided, there is little we can do, for we dare not meet a power full challenge at odds and split asunder.—antithesis 2.…in the past, those who foolishly sought power by riding the back of the tiger ended up inside.—metaphor 3. Let us never negotiate out of fear, but let us never fear to negotiate.—regression (回环:A-B-C)
Lesson2 1.Are they really the same flesh as youself?—rhetorical question 2.They rise out of the earth,they sweat and starve for a few yers,and then they sink back into the nameless mounds of the graveyard.—alliteration ,metaphor 3.Sore-eyed children cluster everywhere in unbelievable numbers,like clouds of flies.—simile 4.Thanks to a lifetime of sitting in this position his left leg is warped out of shape.—irony 5.There was a frenzied rush of Jews.—transferred epithet 6.A white skin is always fairly conspicuous.—synecdoche 7.What government service.—rhetorical question 8.Long lines of women,bent double like inverted capital Ls,work their way slowly across the fields.—simile 9.This kind of thing makes one’s blod boil.——metonymy 10.I am not commenting,merely pointing to a fact.——understatement 11.This wretched boy,who is a French citizen and has therefore been dragged from the forest to scrub floors and catch syphilis in garrison towns,actually has feelings of reverence before a white skin.——synecdoche 12. And really it was like watching a flock of cattle to see the long column,a mile or two miles of armed men.—simile 13.while the great white birds drifted over them in the opposite direction, glittering like scraps of paper.——metaphor Lesson3 1.no one has any idea where it will go as it meanders or leaps and sprkles or just glows.——metaphor 2.they got out of bed on the wrong side is simply not a concern.They are like the musketeers of Dumas—simile 3.suddenly the alchemy of conversation took place—metaphor 4.the glow of the conversation burst into flames——metaphor 5.The conversation was on wings.——metaphor 6.We ought to think ourselves back into the shoes of the Saxon peasant.——metaphor 7.The Elizabethans blew on it as on a dandelion clock,and its seeds multiplied, and floated to the ends of the earth.—simile
高级英语修辞总结 HUA system office room 【HUA16H-TTMS2A-HUAS8Q8-HUAH1688】
Rhetorical Devices 一、明喻（simile） 是以两种具有相同特征的事物和现象进行对比，表明本体和喻体之间的相似关系，两者都在对比中出现。常用比喻词like, as, as if, as though等，例如： 1、This elephant is like a snake as anybody can see. 这头象和任何人见到的一样像一条蛇。 2、He looked as if he had just stepped out of my book of fairytales and had passed me like a spirit. 他看上去好像刚从我的童话故事书中走出来，像幽灵一样从我身旁走过去。 3、It has long leaves that sway in the wind like slim fingers reaching to touch something. 它那长长的叶子在风中摆动，好像伸出纤细的手指去触摸什么东西似的。 二、隐喻（metaphor） 这种比喻不通过比喻词进行，而是直接将用事物当作乙事物来描写，甲乙两事物之间的联系和相似之处是暗含的。 1、German guns and German planes rained down bombs, shells and bullets... 德国人的枪炮和飞机将炸弹、炮弹和子弹像暴雨一样倾泻下来。 2、The diamond department was the heart and center of the store. 钻石部是商店的心脏和核心。 三、Allusion（暗引）