第一课
一．术语翻译
1.traditional Chinese medicine; TCM
2.basic theory of traditional Chinese medic ine
3.clinical experience
4.treatment based on syndrome differentiation
5.miscellaneous diseases
6.Chinese pharmacy
7.four properties and five tastes
8.acupuncture and moxibustion; acumox
9.classical Chinese philosophy
10.sweating therapy; diaphoresis
11.purgation
12.vomiting therapy; emetic therapy
13.the School of Reinforcing the Earth
14.etiology
15.prescription; formula
16.medical practice
17.therapeutic principles
18.herbs cold and cool in nature
19.nourishing yin and reducing fire
20.diseases caused by blood stagnation
二．句子翻译
1.TCM has a history of thousands of years and is a summary of the Chinese people’s experience
in their struggle against diseases.
2.TCM has a unique and integrated theoretical system.
3.TCM is a science that studies the rules of life as well as the occurrence, progress, prevention
and treatment of diseases.
4.Y ellow Emperor’s Canon of Medicine has laid a solid foundation for the formation of
theoretical system of traditional Chinese medicine.
5.Classic of Difficulties has supplemented what was unaddressed in the Y ellow Emperor’s
Canon of Medicine in many respects, especially in pulse lore.
6.Discussion on the Causes and Symptoms of V arious Diseases is the earliest extant monograph
on the causes and symptoms of diseases in China.
7.Y ang is usually excessive while yin is frequently deficient.
8.Internal impairment of the spleen and stomach causes various diseases.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/396119018.html,pendium of Materia Medica is recognized as a monumental work in the history of
Chinese materia medica and a great contribution to the development of pharmacology in the world.
10.Traditional Chinese materia medica includes not only medicinal herbs, but also minerals and
animal parts.
11.In the Jin and Y uan Dynasties, there appeared the so-called four great medical schools.
12.Zhang Congzheng believed that all diseases were caused by exogenous pathogenic factors and
advocated that pathogenic factors should be driven out by means of diaphoresis, emesis and purgation.
13.Liu Wansu believed that “fire-heat” was the main cause of a variety of diseases and that these
diseases should should be treated with drugs cold and cool in nature.
14.Li Gao held that “internal impairment of the spleen and stomach would bring about diseases”
and emphasized that the most important thing in clinical treatment was to warm and invigorate the spleen and stomach.
15.Zhu Danxi believed that “yang is usually excessive while yin is frequently defic ient”and
advocated the remedies of nourishing yin and reducing fire in treatment of diseases.
16.Study on Warm Disease is a clinical specialty focusing on the occurrence, progress, diagnosis
and treatment of warm diseases.
17.The School of Warm Disease has developed the rules of treatment of warm disease based on
syndrome differentiation in light of defensive phase, qi phase, nutritive phase, blood phase and triple energizer.
18.Wang Qingren in the late Qing Dynasty corrected mistakes about anatomy made in ancient
medical books and advocated the theory that diseases were caused by blood stagnation.
19.Integrated traditional Chinese and Western medicine has paved a new way for the
development and modernization of traditional Chinese medicine.
20.Great progress has been made in systematic and experimental study of the basic theory of
traditional Chinese medicine.
第二课
一．术语翻译
1.five zang-organs; five zang-viscera
2.six fu-organs
3.system of meridians and collaterals
4.holism
https://www.doczj.com/doc/396119018.html,anic wholenss
6.social attribute
7.(of the five zang-organs) open into
8.sprout, grow, transform, ripen and store
9.diagnostics
10.relationship between pathogenic factors and healthy qi
11.therapeutics
https://www.doczj.com/doc/396119018.html,mon cold due to wind and cold
13.different therapeutic methods used to treat the same disease
14.the same therapeutic method used to treat different diseases
15.balance of water metabolism
16.clearing away heart fire
17.nature of disease
18.treating the left side for curing diseases located on the right side
19.drawing yang from yin
20.treating the lower part for curing diseases located on the upper part
二．句子翻译
1.The theoretical system of TCM is mainly characterized by holism and treatment based on
syndrome differentiation.
2.TCM believes that the human body is an organic whole.
3.The constituent parts of the human body are interdependent in physiology and mutually
influential in pathology.
4.The holism permeates through the physiology, pathology, diagnosis, syndrome differentiation
and treatment of diseases.
5.Changes in the natural world directly or indirectly influence the human body.
6.Qi and blood in the human body tend to flow to the exterior in spring and summer and to the
interior in autumn and winter.
7.The heart opens into the tongue and is internally and externally related to the small intestine.
8.TCM has noticed that the fact that social activity psychologically influences human beings.
9.According to TCM, the body and spirit coexist, interacting with each other and influencing
each other.
10.Y ang qi in the human body tends to flow to the exterior in the daytime and to the interior at
night.
11.Regional differences, to some extent, influences the physiological activities of the human
body.
12.Syndrome is a generalization of pathological changes at a certain stage during the course of a
disease.
13.Treatment based on syndrome differentiation, one of the characteristics of TCM, is the basic
principle in TCM for understanding and treating diseases.
14.Syndrome includes the location, cause and nature of a disease as well as the state of
pathogenic factors and healthy qi.
15.Differentiation of syndrome and treatment of disease are two inseparable aspects in
diagnosing and treating diseases.
16.Clinically doctors pay great attention to the differentiation of diseases. But therapeutically
they care more about the differentiation of syndromes because diseases can be cured by treating syndromes.
17.Syndrome can comprehensively and accurately reveal the nature of a disease.
18.Different diseases may demonstrate the same syndrome because of the similarity in
pathogenesis.
19.If the syndrome of middle qi sinking appears in two different diseases, they all can be treated
by the therapeutic method for elevating middle qi.
20.The treatment of diseases in TCM does not only simply concentrate on the difference or
similarity of diseases, but on the difference or similarity of pathogenesis.
第五课
一．术语翻译
1.doctrine of visceral manifestations
2.five zang-organs and six fu-organs
3.extraordinary fu-organs
4.nutrients of water and food
5.transmitting and transforming water and food
6.storing essence
7.internal and external relationship
8.therapeutic effects
9.clinical practice
10.storage without discharge
11.discharge without storage
12.physical build and various orifices
13.(of five zang-organs) open into
14.spirit and emotions
15.the heart storing spirit
16.the lung storing corporeal soul
17.the liver storing ethereal soul
18.the spleen storing consciousness
19.the kidney storing will
20.the luster manifesting upon the face
二．句子翻译
1.The theory of visceral manifestation studies the physiological functions and pathological
changes of viscera and their relations.
2.The theory of visceral manifestation plays an important role in the theoretical system of TCM.
3.The common physiological function of the five zang-organs is to transform and store essence.
4.The common physiological function of the six fu-organs is to receive, transport and transform
water and food.
5.Diseases of the zang-organs are often of deficiency in nature while diseases of the fu-organs
are frequently of excess in nature.
6.Excess of zang-organs can be treated by purging the corresponding fu-organs while defic iency
of fu-organs can be treated by reinforcing the related zang-organs.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/396119018.html,mon cold due to invasion of cold into the skin is often characterized by stuffy nose,
running nose and cough.
8.Kidney essence is helpful for promoting the growth of skeleton.
9.The heart and the small intestine are internally and externally related to each other.
10.The five zang-organs, the body and all the orifices form an organic whole.
11.The spleen open into the mouth and its luster is manifested over the lips.
12.The physiological functions of the five zang-organs are closely associated with the state of
spirit and mind.
13.The physiological functions of the five zang-organs play a leading role in the physiological
functions of the whole body.
14.The normal relationship between the five zang-organs and the body and all the orifices is key
to the relative stability of the internal environment of the body.
15.The normal relationship between the five zang-organs and the body and all the orifices
maintains the relative balance between the internal environment and external environment of the body.
16.Disorder of spirit, emotions and mental activity affects the physiological functions of the five
zang-organs.
17.The formation of the doctrine of visceral manifestation was, to a certain extent, based on the
knowledge of anatomy in ancient times.
18.The state of the internal organs must be manifested externally.
19.The knowledge about the viscera in the doctrine of visceral manifestation has exceeded the
scope of that in modern anatomy.
20.The viscera in the doctrine of visceral manifestations are not simply anatomic concepts, but
the concepts that are used to generalize the physiological functions and pathological changes in the whole body.
第六课
一．术语翻译
1.the heart governing blood and vessels
2.sufficiency of heart qi
3.rosy complexion
4.sufficiency of blood
5.unsmooth vessels
6.lusterless complexion
7.thin and weak pulse
8.the heart storing spirit
9.sweat and blood sharing the same origin
10.ascending, descending, going out and going in
11.dispersion, purification and descent
12.regulating water passage
13.the spleen governing transportation and transformation
14.nutrients of water and food
15.stoppage of water and fluid
16.acquired base of life
17.regulating qi activity
18.upward adverse flow of liver qi
19.innate essence
20.the kidney receiving qi
二．句子翻译
1.The main physiological function of the heart is to control blood vessels and govern the mind.
2.The vessels are the passages in which blood flows.
3.Sufficient heart qi, abundant blood and smoothness of vessels are prerequisite to normal
circulation of blood.
4.Pathological changes of the heart can be observed from the tongue.
5.The respiratory function of the lung directly influences the production of thoracic qi.
6.Failure of the lung to disperse inevitably leads to dyspnea, chest oppression, cough and
panting.
7.Hypofunction of the lung in regulating water passage will lead to production of phlegm and
retained fluid due to stagnation of water.
8.The pathological changes of the lung are mainly manifested in the nose and throat.
9.Transportation and transformation of water and food means to digest food and absorb
nutrients from food.
10.Failure of the spleen to transport normally refers to hypofunction of the spleen in transporting
and transforming the nutrients of water and food.
11.The spleen is the acquired base of life and the source of qi and blood production.
12.All diseases are caused by weakness of the spleen and stomach.
13.The main physiological function of the liver is to control free flow of qi and store blood.
14.Stagnation of qi will affect blood circulation as well as distribution and metabolism of body
fluid.
15.Insufficiency of blood or failure of the liver to store blood will cause scanty menstruation or
even amenorrhea.
16.Sufficient blood stored in the liver and normal function of the liver to regulate blood enable
the limbs to get necessary energy for their movement.
17.The kidney governs growth, development and reproduction.
18.The essence stored in the kidney includes innate essence and acquired essence.
19.If the function of the kidney to receive qi is normal, breath will be smooth and even.
20.Though urine is discharged from the bladder, it depends on qi transforming activity of the
kidney to accomplish such a discharge.
第七课
一．术语翻译
1.extraordinary fu-organs
2.isolated fu-organ
3.digest water and food
4.anus
5.remaining part of liver qi
6.upper energizer
7.separating the lucid from the turbid
8.residue of foods
9.The large intestine governs thin body fluid
10.bile
11.The small intestine governs thick body fluid
12.primary digestion
13.essential qi
14.the seven important portals
15.The gallbladder is responsible for making judgment
16.discharge waste
17.occurrence of menstruation
18.epiglottis
19.morphological hollowness
20.transporting and transforming water and food
二．句子翻译
1.The gallbladder excretes bile to promote the small intestine to digest food
2.The main physiological function of the gallbladder is to store and excrete bile.
3.Bile is transformed from the essence in the liver.
4.The main physiological function of the stomach is to receive and digest water and food.
5.After primary digestion, the food in the stomach is transferred to the small intestine. The
nutrient of food is then transported and transformed to nourish the whole body by the spleen.
6.Food is further divided into nutrient and residue after further digestion in the small intestine.
7.The small intestine also absorbs large quantity of liquid when it absorbing nutrients from
food.
8.The so-called “lucid”refers to the nutrients of water and food while the so-called “turbid”
refers to the residue of food.
9.If the function of the small intestine to separate the lucid from the turbid, the activity of
defecation and urination will be normal.
10.The main physiological function of the large intestine is to receive the waste part of foodstuff
transmitted down from the small intestine, absorb part of the liquid from the waste and transform the rest part into feces to be discharged from the anus.
11.The bladder stores and discharge urine through the function of qi transformation of the kidney.
12.The stomach and the spleen are internally and externally related to each other.
13.The upper energizer functions as a sprayer.
14.The middle energizer functions as a fermentor.
15.The lower energizer functions as a drainer.
16.The extraordinary fu-organs are morphologically similar to the fu-organs and functionally
similar to the zang-organs.
17.The common function of the six fu-organs is to transport and transform water and food and
discharge waste.
18.The intelligence and memory of man are associated with the function of the brain.
19.The brain is the house of the primordial spirit.
20.The uterus is the organ where menstruation takes place and fetus is conceived.
situations. 【参考译文】 ①玩视频游戏鼓励孩子的即刻满足。 ②连续数小时看带有预录笑声的电视节目，只会使孩子以消极的方式处理信息。 ③同时，长时间通过耳机听节奏单调的音乐鼓励孩子待在自己封闭的天地里，而不是去做其他的尝试。 ④所有这些行为会阻止重要的交流与思考技能的提高，并且使孩子很难发展持久的注意力，而这将是未来他们从事的众多工作所需要的。 ⑤他们应该知道如何处理挫折、压力和不称职感。 ⑥他们还应该学习如何解决问题和化解冲突，学习开动脑筋和批判性思维的方法。 ⑦家庭讨论可以帮助孩子练习，并且帮助他们将这些技能应用到日常生活当中。 “搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助，但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧，希望大家在以后的复习过程中，能按照这种方法把真题吃透，学英语贵在积累，三天打鱼两天晒网的学习方式要不得，只要坚持下去，终有一天，你的英语会变得很不一样！
【参考译文】 ①想要申请攻读博士学位的每一个学生都应该阅读一下这本精妙的、睿智的小书：《思想的市场：美国大学的改革和抗拒》。 ②然后他们可能会决定另觅他路。 ③因为在美国大学里已经发生了某种奇妙的事情，哈佛大学英语教授Louis Menand敏锐地捕捉到了这一点。 ④他关注的主要是人文学科：文学、语言、哲学等类似的学科。 ⑤这些都是要过时了的学科：现在美国大学的研究生中有22%的学生选择商务为自己的专业，与之相比只有2%的人主修历史专业，4%的学生主修英语专业。 “搭配记忆法”对我们记忆单词、攻克翻译题有很大的帮助，但任何巧妙的方法都需要在长久的练习中熟能生巧，希望大家在以后的复习过程中，能按照这种方法把真题吃透，学英语贵在积累，三天打鱼两天晒网的学习方式要不得，只要坚持下去，终有一天，你的英语会变得很不一样！
2019年CATTI二级笔译英译汉真题及参考答案 【第一篇】 So where there is financial connection, we see that rapid improvements in quality of life can quickly follow. In our modern context, there are several important channels to achieving this greater financial connectivity. I want to highlight two today: increased capital mobility and increased financial inclusion. First, enabling capital to flow more freely. Allowing capital to flow across borders can help support inclusive growth. Right now, foreign direct investment —FDI — is only 1.9 percent of GDP in developing countries. Before the global financial crisis, it was at 2.5 percent. Making progress on major infrastructure needs will require capital flows to rise again and to be managed safely. Greater openness to capital flows can also bring down the cost of finance, improve the efficiency of the financial sector, and allow capital to support productive investments and new jobs. Challenges that come with opening up capital markets. Thankfully, we know from experience the elements that are required for success. These include sound financial regulation, transparent rules for investment, and attention to fiscal sustainability. We also need increased financial inclusion. A few numbers: close to half of the adult population in low and middle-income Asia-Pacific economies do not have a bank account. Less than 10 percent have ever borrowed from a financial institution. And yet, we know that closing the finance gap is an “economic must-have” for nations to thrive in the 21st century. IMF analysis shows that if the least financially inclusive countries in Asia narrowed the finance gap to the level of Thailand — an emerging market economy — the poverty rate in those countries could be reduced by nearly 4 percent. How can we get there? In part, through policies that enable more women and rural citizens to access financial services. The financial gender gap for women in developing countries is about 9 percent and has remained largely unchanged since 2011. There is no silver bullet, but we know that fintech can play a catalyzing role. In Cambodia, for example, strong public-private partnerships in supporting mobile finance has led to a tripling in the number of micro-financial institutions since 2011. These institutions have now provided loans to over 2 million new borrowers, representing nearly 20 percent of the adult population. Many of these citizens had never had a bank account. Now they can save for the future and perhaps even start a business of their own. These are ideas that can work everywhere. But countries have to be willing to partner and learn from each other. That is one of the major reasons why last October, the IMF and World Bank launched the Bali Fintech Agenda. The agenda lays out key principles — from developing financial markets to safeguarding financial integrity — that can help each nation as it strives for greater financial inclusion. 【第一篇参考答案】
2017年6月大学练习题13篇汇总 1.中国菜 请将下面这段话翻译成英文： 中国菜(cuisine)是中国各地区、各民族各种菜肴的统称，也指发源于中国的烹饪方式。中国菜历史悠久, 流派(genre)众多，主要代表菜系有“八大菜系”。每一菜系因气候、地理、历史、烹饪技巧和生活方式的差异而风格各异。中国菜的调料(seasoning)丰富多样，调料的不同是形成地方特色菜的主要原因之一。中国菜强调色、香、味俱佳，味是菜肴的灵魂。中国饮食文化博大精深，作为世界三大菜系之一的中国菜，在海内外享有盛誉。 参考翻译: Chinese cuisine is a general term for the various foods from diverse regions and ethnic groups of China. It also refers to cooking styles originating from China. With a long history, Chinese cuisine has a number of different genres, the main representatives of which are "Eight Cuisines". Every cuisine is distinctive from one another due to the differences in climate, geography, history, cooking techniques and lifestyle. Chinese cuisine contains a rich variety of seasonings, which is one of main factors contributing to different local special dishes. Chinese cuisine lays emphasis on
实践报告 这周是英语专业的翻译实践周，这次的专业实习让我受益匪浅，收获颇多。专业实习的主要目的是要培养我们理论联系实际，综合运用所学基础知识、基本理论和技能，独立分析、解决问题的能力。在大学的第三学年，实习是一个很重要的环节，对我们以后的工作实习也有一定的帮助。所以，我们要端正态度，认真对待这次的专业实习。 我们的主要任务是进行英译汉和汉译英的翻译实践，为此在实践的过程中，我总结了四种必备的翻译工具：一是灵格斯翻译工具，里面可安装各式的词典；二是百度搜索工具；三是有道词典；四是英汉词典；五是汉英词典。翻译的过程如下：首先可以现在灵格斯里查询不懂的单词和词组，寻找最符合原文的解释。然后采取同时在百度和有道词典搜索的做法，并对同种搜索工具搜索结果进行比较。他们有着各自的优缺点。所以我们最后用到的就是英汉和汉英辞典，可以对我们翻译之中的词汇，进行最后的确认，确定出最最准确的译法。 在翻译过程中也遇到到了一些困难，这说明在漫漫的英语学习过程中我还要继续努力。学如逆水行舟，不进则退，只要每天我认真学习，那就是一种进步。人生总归会有许多挫折，但我们若不跨过这道坎，就不会有进步，滞留不前。我们要用有限的生命创造无限的价值，勇敢面对每一个挑战。 翻译是运用一种语言把另一种语言所表达的思维内容准确而完整地表达出来的语言行为。当然纸上谈兵是无稽之谈，光有理论知识而不实践操作也是没有用的。有位翻译家这么说过，“学翻译犹如学游泳。只在岸边看别人游，或只听教练讲解，是学不会的。”所以要想提高自己的翻译能力，一定要通过实践。实践可以分为两类，直接的实践和间接的实践。 所谓直接的实践，就是自己亲身参加的实践，也就是自己动手翻译。一回生，二回熟，日积月累，第一手经验多了，做起来得心应手，翻译能力有所提高。所谓“熟能生巧”，就是这个道理。但自己能译的东西是有限的，从这种实践中得出的经验也是有限的。因此，还需要借助于间接的实践。 所谓间接的实践，就是研究别人的译文。比如，一篇文章在手，准备翻译，这时先找一些有关的资料或同类文章的译文看一看，在词语和风格方面定会有所借鉴。别人的译文是别人直接实践的产物，看了别人的译文，就是从事间接实践。
英汉翻译 一、给下列的英译汉作出判断，正确在括号用T表示，错误用F表示。 1、I’d die first. 我宁愿先死。（F ） 2、Kill it please. 别干了，你！（T ） 3、I find it hard to get going in the morning. 我发现早上起来就懒得动。（T ） 4、The troops of the two countries are kept at arm’s length.两国军队相距很远。（T ） 5、He knew that Shanghai was the bastion of Far East imperialism. 他知道上海是远东帝国主义的堡垒。（ F ） 6、The importance of electronic computers cannot be over-estimated.电子计算机的重要性不能过高地估计。（F） 7、The importance of electronic computers cannot be over-estimated.电子计算机的重要性不能过高地估计。（F） 8、I don’t care about going. 我愿意（可以）去。（F ） 9、That’s the door. 门在那儿。（ F ） 10、Let the cat out of the bag. 露出马脚。（T） 11、If I want you I will ask for you .请不要插嘴。（T ） 12、If I want you I will ask for you .请不要插嘴。（T ） 13、I could not feel better. 我感觉很好。( T ) 14、I could not feel better. 我感觉很不好。( F ) 15、It leaves nothing to be desired. 这已完美无缺。（T ） 16、Mary is a girl of a boy.玛丽是个男孩式的女孩。（F ） 17、There is no smoke without fire. 无风不起浪。（T ） 18、Domestic shame should not be made public.家丑不可外扬。（T ） 19、That’s too much for me. 那对我来说太多了。（ F ） 20、Keep it dark . 这事不可泄露出去。（T ）
最牛英语口语培训模式：躺在家里练口语，全程外教一对一，三个月畅谈无阻！ 洛基英语，免费体验全部在线一对一课程：https://www.doczj.com/doc/396119018.html,/ielts/xd.html（报名网址） 练习五 Directions: Read the underlined sentences carefully, and then translate them into Chinese. You may check your answers after you finish them. Passage One People can be addicted（上瘾）to different things, for example, alcohol, drugs, certain foods, or even television. People who have such an addiction are compulsive （强迫的）; i.e., they have a very powerful psychological need that they feel they must satisfy. According to psychologists, many people are compulsive spenders. They feel that they must spend money. This compulsion, like most others, is impossible to explain reasonably. For compulsive spenders, charge accounts（赊购帐户）are even more exciting than money. In other words, compulsive spenders feel that with credit, they can do anything. Their pleasure in spending enormous amounts is actually greater than the pleasure that they get from the things they buy. There is even a special psychology of bargain hunting. To save money, of course, most people look for sales, low prices, and discounts. Compulsive bargain hunters, however, often buy things that they don’t need just because they are cheap. They want to believe that they are helping their budgets, but they are really playing an exciting game. When they can buy something for less than other people, they feel that they are winning. Most people, experts claim, have two reasons for their behavior: a good reason for the things that they do and the real reason. It is not only scientists, of course, who understand the psychology of spending habits, but also businesspeople. Stores, companies, and advertisers use psychology to increase business: They consider people’s needs for love, power, or influence, their basic values, their beliefs and opinions, and so on in their advertising and sales methods. Psychologists often use a method called “behavior therapy”to help individuals solve their personality problems. In the same way, they can help people who feel that they have problems with money. Passage Two For centuries man dreamed of achieving vertical flight. In 400 A.D. Chines children played with a fan like toy that spun upwards and fell back to earth as rotation ceased. Leonardo da Vinci conceived（构思）the first mechanical apparatus（装置）, called a “Helix”, which could carry a man straight up, but this was only a design and was never tested. The ancient dream was finally realized in 1940 when a Russian immigrant, an aeronautical engineer, piloted a strange-looking craft of steel tubing with a rotating fan on top. It rose awkwardly and vertically into the air from a standing start, hovered a few feet above the ground, went sideways and backwards, and then settled back to earth. That vehicle was called a helicopter. Imaginations were fired. Men dreamed of commuting to work in their own
题型说明：下列各句中只有一个恰当的译文，请选出 Test 1 1.Earlier scientists thought that during a man's lifetime the power of his brain decreased. A.早些时候的科学家们认为，在人的一生中，脑子的机能会逐渐减弱。 B.从前科学家认为，人越老，脑子的机能越衰弱。 C.先前，科学家们的观点是：人从生到死，脑力减弱。 2.He is above cheating in the exam. A.他高于在考试中欺骗。 B.他是考试作弊的高手。 C.他绝不会考试作弊。 3.A thousand mustaches can live together，but not four breasts. A.一千条胡子能一起生活，但是，四只乳房不能在一起生活。 B.一千个男人可以住在一起，而两个女人却不行。 C.千条汉子能共处，两个婆娘难相容。 4.Listening to classical music is my cup of tea. A.古典音乐我最爱听。 B.听古典音乐是我的一杯茶。 C.听古典音乐是我的业余爱好。 5.Of course，alcohol and tobacco were forbidden. A.当然，酒精和烟草是被禁止的。 B.当然，喝酒吸烟是绝对不允许的。 C.当然，禁止酿酒，禁止种烟。 6.When will he be available? A.他什么时候在家？ B.他什么时候可以达到？ C.他什么时候是有效的？ 7.Are you a father? A.你是父亲吗？ B.你有孩子吗？ C.你当爸爸了吧？ 8.Thank you for not smoking. A.请勿吸烟，谢谢。 B.请勿吸烟。 C.谢谢你不吸烟。 9.Don't turn your back on friends who are down and out. A.不要用背对着被人打倒而且完全失败的朋友。 B.不要不理睬穷困潦倒的朋友。 C.对于失意落魄的朋友，不要拒之于千里之外。 10."I don't know why，" my father held his ground. "Isn't there enough lousy poetry in the world already? No laws say Buddy has to be a poet." A.“我不知道为什么，”我的父亲站在地上说，“世界上难道还有比这更啥也不是的诗吗？法律可没有明文规定，巴迪非得当个诗人不可。”
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英译汉模拟试题30篇参考答案 Passage 1 1.参考译文：尽管世界上3350万艾滋病病毒携带者/患者中的大多数人都生活在非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南地区"~每年还有另外400万人感染艾滋病病毒，但上周召开的非洲统一组织首脑会议的主要议题却仍是解决沖突和发展经济。 2.参考译文：然而这一流行病对于经济发展，或者更确切地说对于经济发展目前所缺乏的因素产生的影响比许多政治家想像的更大。 3.参考译文：南非大都市人寿保险公司保险统计员迪恩莫尔认为，管理人员在工作场所如何对待艾滋病将决定他们的公司在21世纪的头几年能否继续存在。 4.参考译文：在南非，因种族隔离我们有过失落的一代，新的失落的一代将是因艾滋病而变为孤儿的一代。 5.参考译文：津巴布韦薄弱的国民经济在很大程度上依赖于非正式企业和小型商业，而随着艾滋病夺去雇主和雇员的生命，许多企业都自身难保。 Passage 2 1.参考译文:申请基因专利的最大问题就是当科学家们对于基因编码的特定股起什么作用至少有一个大体想法时,它常常就只是大体上的。 2.参考译文：这些所谓的已表达的序列标签可能携带有真正的基因信息，但确定这些小块在什么地方及它们的结构是什么样子需要更多的挖掘探究。 3.参考译文：比确定如何申请基因组专利更令人烦恼的是一个更大的问题，任何人到底该不该对人类DNA提出专利要求。 4.参考译文：专利申请者的支持者坚持说，他们可以提出同样有说服力的理由，即进行基因组绘诗作的大型团体需要专利保护以使他们的工作对他们来说是值得的。 5.参考译文：这种论点不是立足于法律，而是立足于对做人意味着什么的理解上——这是一个连联邦最高法院都不太可能解决的问题。 Passage 3 1.参考译文：重商主义学说与制度之所以重要是因为它们被具有影响力的商人和政府首脑们信奉，而正是这些人强有力地影响着国家公共政策与制度的变革。 2.参考译文：如果促进国内产业发展所需的物资难以获得，则最好是通过建立殖民地或友好的国外商栈来进口。 3.参考译文：重商主义者认为，这些增强国力的手段可以由通过并严格执行规范经济生活的法规来实现。 4.参考译文：几乎在弗吉尼亚的烟草刚开始大批运往英国时，英王詹姆士一世便对此征税，同时同意禁止在英国竞争性地种植烟草。 5.参考译文：凡殖民地的贸易，其所用船只必须是英国制造和拥有，船长和至少3/4的船员也必须是英国人。 Passage 4 1.参考译文：网上的东西目前正毫无管制地进入人们的家中，世界各国得找出一种办法，通过某种国际条约或联合国行动，对此加以控制。 1
Translation: 1. With a strong southern accent, Mrs. Johnson could hardly make ___________ (别人能听懂她的话) 2.___________ (如果给足了时间),they would surely have done better. 3. in the area, AIDS is _____________ (非常可怕的疾病) that the very mention of it strikes terror into the population. 4. Their products wouldn't have secured such high market shares if ___________ (他们没有改进产品的质量). 5. When 1 began to move round toward the door, ____________________________(她一定是看出了我的想法), for he immediately told me to stay where 1 had been. Answers: 1. herself understood 2. Given sufficient time 3. so dreadful a disease 4. they hadn’t improved the quality of their products 5. he must have read my thoughts Translation: 1. Why didn’t you tell me you could lend me the money? I___________________________ (本来不必从银行借钱的) 2. By the time you get to New York, I____________(已经动身去) London. 3. Buying clothes______________________(是一件很耗时的工作), because those clothes that a person likes are rarely the ones that fit him or her. 4. It’s time_____________________(采取措施) about the traffic problem downtown. 5. When I was very young, I was terribly frightened of school, but I soon______________(克服了这种心理). 6. Please don’t stand in the kitchen, you’re________________(挡路了).
英语专业八级翻译练习题 1．英译汉 1) Possession for its own sake or in competition with the rest of the neighborhood would have been Thoreau's idea of the low levels. The active discipline of heightening one's perception of what is enduring in nature would have been his idea of the high. What he saved from the low was time and effort he could spend on the high. Thoreau certainly disapproved of starvation, but he would put into feeding himself only as much effort as would keep him functioning for more important efforts. Effort is the gist of it. There is no happiness except as we take on life-engaging difficulties. Short of the impossible, as Yeats put it, the satisfaction we get from a lifetime depends on how high we choose our difficulties. Robert Frost was thinking in something like the same terms when he spoke of "The pleasure of taking pains". The mortal flaw in the advertised version of happiness is in the fact that it purports to be effortless. We demand difficulty even in our games. We demand it because without difficulty there can be no game. A game is a way of making something hard for the fun of it. The rules of the game are an arbitrary imposition of difficulty. When someone ruins the fun, he always does so by refusing to play by the rules. It is easier to win at chess if you are free, at your pleasure, to change the wholly arbitrary rules, but the fun is in winning within the rules. No difficulty, no fun. 梭罗所理解的"低层次"，即为了拥有而去拥有，或与所有的邻居明争暗斗而致拥有。他心目中的"高层次"，则是这样一种积极的人生戒律，即要使自己对自然界永恒之物的感悟臻于完美。对于他从低层次上节省下来的时间和精力，他可将其致力于对高层次的追求。勿庸置疑，梭罗不赞成忍饥挨饿，但他在膳食方面所投入的精力仅果腹而已，只要可确保他能去从事更为重要的事务，他便别无所求。 殚精竭虑，全力以赴，便是其精髓所在。除非我们愿意直面那些需要我们全身心投入的艰难困苦，否则便不会有幸福可言。正如叶芝所言，除却某些不可能的情形，我们于人生中所获取的满足皆取决于我们在多高的境界中选择我们所愿意面对的艰难困苦。当罗伯特弗罗斯特言及"以苦为乐"时，他内心所思，大体如此。商业广告中所宣扬的那种幸福观，其致命的缺陷就在于这样一个事实，即它宣称，一切幸福皆唾手可得，不费吹灰之力。 即便于游戏之中，我们也需要有艰难困苦。我们之所以需要它，因为设若没有困难，便断无游戏可言。游戏即是这样一种方式，为了享受其中的情趣而人为地使事情变得不那么轻而易举。游戏中的种种规则，便是将困难武断地强加于人。当有人将情趣摧毁殆尽时，他总是因为拒不按游戏规则行事而使然。这犹如下棋；如果你随心所欲、心血来潮地去更改那些全然武断的游戏规则，这样去赢棋当然会更加容易。但下棋的情趣则在于，应在规则的限定范围内赢取胜利。一言以蔽之，没有艰难，断无情趣。 2)
Chinese-English Translation Course Unit One Error Analysis: Part One On the test paper I. Choose the one which is proper and idiomatic . 1. Our home, once full of laughters, now deafens us with its silence. 译文A: 我们的家，曾经充满了欢声笑语，现在却充满了令人震耳欲聋的沉寂。 译文B: 我们的家，曾经充满了欢声笑语，现在却十分安静。 2. There are few of us but admire his courage. 译文A: 我们人人都佩服他的勇气。 译文B: 我们中很少有人佩服他的勇气。 3. All cities did not look like as they do today. 译文A: 在过去，城市面貌并不都像今天这样千篇一律。 译文B: 过去，城市面貌与现在完全不同。 4. To starve oneself emotionally is a mistake. 译文A: 不满足自己感情上的需要是一种错误。 译文B: 使自己的感情挨饥受饿是一种错误。 5.The boss’s girl Friday called me. 译文A: 老板的女儿星期五打电话给我了。 译文B: 老板的女秘书打电话给我了 6. Marriage bed is full of roses and thorns. 译文A: 婚姻总是有苦有甜。 译文B: 婚姻的花坛里既长鲜花也生荆棘。 7. I never go past that kindergarten but think of my happy childhood there. 译文A: 每当我走过那所幼儿园，我就回想起在那里度过的幸福童年。 译文B: 尽管我从未经过那所幼儿园，但是我回想起在那里度过的幸福童年 8. And soon over the whole surface of the marsh, a great cloud of birds hung screaming and circling in the air. 译文A: 很快就有一块乌云似的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着，盘旋着。 译文B: 很快就有黑压压的一大群野鸟在沼泽上空惊叫着，盘旋着。 9. SS guards then shoved each prisoner in the direction the doctor had indicated. 译文A: 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着被监禁者。 译文B: 希特勒的党卫军按医生所指的方向推着犯人。 10. Thus it was that our little romantic friend formed visions of the future for herself. 译文A: 我们的小朋友一脑袋幻想，憧憬着美丽的未来。 译文B: 我们浪漫的小朋友憧憬着美好的未来。 II. Improve the Chinese version. 1. He was wrinkled and black, with scant gray hair. 译文：他又皱又黑，头发灰白稀疏。 2. Wall Street is a dog-eat-dog place. 译文：华尔街是个狗咬狗的地方。 3. All freely falling bodies descend from the same height in equal time. 译文：一切自由降落的物体，从同样的高度，以相等的时间下降。 4. Why waste breath on them, who have turned such an unwilling ear? 译文：为什么对他们浪费口舌呢？他们又不愿意听。 5. We have plenty of company in the way of wagonloads and mule-loads of tourists — and dust. 译文：跟我们做伴的人真不少，有乘马车的，有骑骡子的——一路尘土飞扬。 6. His speech leaves no room to improvement. 译文：他的演讲没有改进的余地。 7. He thought, not very vividly, of his father and mother. 译文：他并不是很鲜明地想到了他的爸爸和妈妈。 8. Casualties were taken to several hospitals in southwestern Georgia, some of which operated on backup generators. 译文：伤亡人员被送往佐治亚州西南部的几所医院里，其中一些伤者在备用发电机的帮助下动了手术。 9. To cure his patients, he relied on a palette of remedies that included modern science, folk medicine and plain common sense. 译文：为了治疗患者，他运用了调色板方法，其中包括现代科技、民间药物和自己的直觉。
02-10英译汉真题及答案 1.The reason for not classifying carbon dioxide as a pollutant is that it is a natural component of the atmosphere and needed by plants to carry out biological synthesis. No one would argue that carbon dioxide is a necessary component of the atmosphere any more than one would argue the fact that Vitamin D is necessary in the human diet. However, excess intake of Vitamin D can be extremely toxic. Living systems, be they an ecosystem or an organism, require that a delicate balance be maintained between certain compounds in order for the system to function normally. When the excess presence of one substance threatens the wellbeing of an ecosystem, it becomes toxic despite the fact that it is required in small quantities. (GET Jun 10, 124 words) 2.Human progress is greatly accelerated by the use of language in cultural transmission; the knowledge and experience acquired by a particular person can be passed on to another in language, so that no amount of demonstration can replace the role of language. In this connection the importance of the invention of printing can never be exaggerated. At the present time the achievements of anyone in any part of the world can be made available and accessible to anyone else able to read and capable of understanding what is involved. From these uses of language, spoken or written, the most developed animal communication system, though given the courtesy title of language, is worlds away. (GET Jan 10, 114 words) 3.Changes and developments in a science are determined by numerous causes. Every science grows from its past, and the state reached in a previous generation provides the starting point for the next. But no science is carried on in a vacuum, without reference to or contact with other sciences and the general atmosphere for learning. Scientists and men of learning are also men of their age and country, and they can’t live independent of the culture. Besides its own past, the course of science is also affected by the social context of its contemporary world and the intellectual premises in it. Applications of the science and the expectations that others have of it may be a very important determinant of the direction of its growth and changes. (GET Jun 09, 128 words) 4.When dominant innovators in a science respond to the challenge of a situation that demands some change in its practice, this may take a number of forms, and rival schools may grow up around different leaders responding differently to a particular situation. These rivalries