The Relation between Language and Culture Abstract: Different countries have different cultures, and also different language. Language and culture are interdependent and interactional. Language is one of the most important carriers of culture. On the other hand, culture have a great impact on language, that is culture conditioning. Knowing the language and cultural backgrounds can help our communication. Instead, it will cause many communicative barriers. In this paper, we summarize the relationship between language and culture. And example to explain it’s impact on cross-culture communication. 摘要：不同的国家有不同的语言和文化，语言和文化是相互依赖、相互影响的，语言是文化的重要载体，另一方面，文化对语言也有制约作用。了解语言文化知识有助于我们的交际。相反地，缺乏语言文化背景知识必然会导致交际障碍。本文列举了语言与文化的关系，并举例说明了这种关系对跨文化交际的影响。 key words: language, cultures, relationship, communication 关键词：语言，文化，关系，交际 1. Introduction As we all know that different countries have different cultures, and also different language. Language and culture are interdependent and interactional. Language is one of the most important carriers of culture. On the other hand, culture have a great impact on language, that is culture conditioning. Language plays a very important role in all human activity. It’s one of the indispensable part of the social life of human. You can not imagine the world would be without language. Nevertheless, the phenomenon of human language is so mystical that people do not acquaint it entirely so far. Culture is the product of social life and national spirit. In other words, culture is the genetic code of difference among the various nation, country and region. Every country has its own culture formation and individuality. This special culture is one of the most important source of affinity and cohesion of a country. For this reason, we must protect and develop the culture of the various nation, country and region, keep variety of our global culture. 2. Relationship between language and culture Relationship between language and culture can be summarized as the following: (1). Language is part of culture. Like other cultural phenomenon, language is also a social phenomenon, it occurred with the production of society, and develops with the development of society. The language is with nationality, different nationalities often have different languages; Language is also human creation. It is the most important spiritual wealth of human society .We can say that language has all the attributes of culture, so language is also a kind of culture, one of the many cultural phenomenons. The human language is not only an integral part of culture, and also the most important part. (2).Language is the main carrier of culture. Although language is part of culture, other cultural phenomenon generally can't exist being independent from language. Only through language, culture can be preserved, extended and spread.
南京航空航天大学金城学院 毕业设计（论文）外文文献翻译 系部经济系 专业国际经济与贸易 学生姓名陈雅琼学号2011051115 指导教师邓晶职称副教授 2015年5月
Economic policy,tourism trade and productive diversification （Excerpt） Iza Lejárraga,Peter Walkenhorst The broad lesson that can be inferred from the analysis is that promoting tourism linkages with the productive capabilities of a host country is a multi-faceted approach influenced by a variety of country conditions.Among these,fixed or semi-fixed factors of production,such as land,labor,or capital,seem to have a relatively minor influence.Within the domain of natural endowments,only agricultural capital emerged as significant.This is a result that corresponds to expectations,given that foods and beverages are the primary source of demand in the tourism economy.Hence,investments in agricultural technology may foment linkages with the tourism market.It is also worth mentioning that for significant backward linkages to emerge with local agriculture,a larger scale of tourism may be important. According to the regression results,a strong tourism–agriculture nexus will not necessarily develop at a small scale of tourism demand. It appears that variables related to the entrepreneurial capital of the host economy are of notable explanatory significance.The human development index(HDI), which is used to measure a country's general level of development,is significantly and positively associated with tourism linkages.One plausible explanation for this is that international tourists,who often originate in high-income countries,may feel more comfortable and thus be inclined to consume more in a host country that has a life-style to which they can relate easily.Moreover,it is important to remember that the HDI also captures the relative achievements of countries in the level of health and education of the population.Therefore,a higher HDI reflects a healthier and more educated workforce,and thus,the quality of local entrepreneurship.Related to this point,it is important to underscore that the level of participation of women in the host economy also has a significantly positive effect on linkages.In sum, enhancing local entrepreneurial capital may expand the linkages between tourism and other sectors of the host country.
英文论文审稿意见汇总 1、目标和结果不清晰。 It is no ted that your manu script n eeds careful edit ing by some one with expertise in technical English editing paying particular attention to English grammar, spelling, and sentence structure so that the goals and results of the study are clear to the reader. 2、未解释研究方法或解释不充分。 In general, there is a lack of explanation of replicates and statistical me thods used in the study. . Furthermore, an expla natio n of why the authors did these various experime nts should be provided. 3、对于研究设计的ratio nale: Also, there are few expla nati ons of the rati on ale for the study desig n. 4、夸张地陈述结论/夸大成果/不严谨： The con clusi ons are overstated. For example, the study did not show if the side effects from initial copper burst can be avoid with the polymer formulation.
Unconsciously, English songs and culture the door English elective course is approaching the end. Class see show students and the teacher introduce, played all kinds of English songs, let me develop the horizon and edify sentiment, at the same time, I have been thinking, so much is there any contact between songs, through access to information and personal perception of the songs, and draw some conclusion. The singers found that originated in the human inner original impulse, from the need of life rhythm. People have been using your own voice show their feelings, joy and sorrow. Overall, as a kind of human achievement, music is not only an individual creation consciousness performance art, also reflects some areas and even the whole social cultural ideological trend. To provide an overview of the development of western music, also confirm the western culture on context. Can say, a western music history, it is also a certain sense of western cultural history. From century religious music to a single to the liberation of the Renaissance, to modern music multiple that music development deeply branded with the background of The Times. Take for modern music, such as The s Bill Haley - Rock Around The Clock is in The twentieth century since The two world wars to The people of The world brought serious disaster, trample on The human spirit home. People no longer believe that traditional culture ideal type to save power, pop songs and jazz free rhythm, improvisation skills to reflect the birth of the. But in The s: Simon &garfunkel - The sound of silence is The opposition to The Vietnam war, against racial discrimination, President Kennedy was stabbed The troubled times of The United States was born in The rock. The 90 s Alan Jackson - where were you when the world stopped turning embodies the teenagers in war haze shrouded of anger, rebel emotion. So the western music is a cultural symbol, its carrying cultural connotation and social culture constitutes the echo relationship, to better understanding of western music, will have a better understanding of music background.
服装术语中英文对照24L BUTTON 24号钮 6 FEED PIQUE 6模珠地 以A开头的常用服装外贸术语： ACCESSORY 辅料 BACK ACROSS 后背宽 ACROSS MEASURE 横量 ACRYLIC 腈纶 ADHESIVE / FUSIBLE INTERLINING 粘衬 ANTIQUE BRASS COA TING 镀青古铜 ANTISTA TIC FINISH 防静电处理 APPAREL 成衣 APPEALING LOOK 吸引人的外表 APPROV AL SAMPLE 批办 APPROVED SAMPLE WITH SIGNING NAME 签名批办 ARMHOLE 夹圈 ASSEMBLING OF FRONT & BACK PART 前后幅合并 ASSEMBLING SECTION 合并部分 ATTACH COLLAR 上领 ATTACH LABEL 上商标 ATTACHMENT (车缝)附件 以B开头的常用服装外贸术语
BACK COVER FRONT 后搭前 BACK MID-ARMHOLE 后背宽 BACK STITCH 返针，回针BACKLESS DRESS 露背装 BAR CODED STICKER 条形码贴纸BARGAINING 讨价还价 BAR-TACK 打枣 BASTE 假缝 BA TILK 蜡染 BEARER 袋衬 BEARER & FACING 袋衬袋贴BEDFORD CORD. 坑纹布，经条灯心绒BELL BOTTOM 喇叭裤脚 BELLOWS POCKET 风琴袋 BELT 腰带 BELT-LOOP 裤耳 BIAS CUT 斜纹裁，纵纹裁BIFURCATE 分* BINDER 包边蝴蝶，滚边蝴蝶BINDING 包边 BINDING OF SLV. OPENING R折BINDING OF TOP VENT 面*包边
Acknowledgements I would like to express my gratitude to all those who helped me during the writing of this thesis. I gratefully acknowledge the help of my supervisor, Ms. Han Lin, who has offered me valuable suggestions in the academic studies and whose useful suggestions, incisive comments and constructive criticism have contributed greatly to the completion of this thesis. In the preparation of the thesis, her willingness to give me her time so generously has been much appreciated. Her tremendous assistance in developing the framework for analysis and in having gone through the draft versions of this thesis several times as well as her great care in life deserve more thanks than I can find words to express. Truly, without her painstaking efforts in revising and polishing my drafts, the completion of the present thesis would not have been possible. I do appreciate her patience, encouragement, and professional instructions during my thesis writing. She devotes a considerable portion of her time to reading my manuscripts and making suggestions for further revisions. I am also greatly indebted to all my teachers in Foreign Language School of Shaanxi University of Technology who have helped me directly and indirectly in my studies, from whose devoted teaching and enlightening lectures I have benefited a lot and academically prepared for the thesis. Any progress that I have made is the result of their profound concern and selfless devotion. Last but not the least, my gratitude also extends to my family who have been assisting, supporting and caring for me all of my life. Special thanks should go to my friends who have put considerable time and effort into their comments on the draft. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my fellow classmates who have given me the warm help and precious time to work out my problems during the tough course of the thesis.
I ntroduction to Chinese and western cultural differences Language is the product of society, is the crystallization of human history and culture. It embodies a national passed from generation to generation of social consciousness, historical culture, customs and so on various aspects of human society all features. Different cultural background and cultural traditions, make Chinese and western ways of thinking, values, code of conduct and way of life, etc, there are also considerable cultural differences. Language is the carrier of culture, vocabulary is the concentration of the cultural information, is an important part of language, it reflects the culture of the development and change, but also directly reflect the cultural differences. In China more than two thousand years of feudal society in the process of history, Confucianism has dominated the deep-seated string dominance, in Chinese society has a very deep and long influence. Idea of a Chinese has always been to fall back as a classic, this is in the Confucian "golden mean" as the basic rules of behavior. The ideal of "in" is the Confucian pursuit, life to life Confucian benevolence, righteousness, propriety, wisdom, letter of ideological and moral concepts as each person's behavior guide, treat people, want to consider temperature, quite good, purge, thrifty, let, proud of modest, to be open-minded, to oppose overly
Inventory management Inventory Control On the so-called "inventory control", many people will interpret it as a "storage management", which is actually a big distortion. The traditional narrow view, mainly for warehouse inventory control of materials for inventory, data processing, storage, distribution, etc., through the implementation of anti-corrosion, temperature and humidity control means, to make the custody of the physical inventory to maintain optimum purposes. This is just a form of inventory control, or can be defined as the physical inventory control. How, then, from a broad perspective to understand inventory control? Inventory control should be related to the company's financial and operational objectives, in particular operating cash flow by optimizing the entire demand and supply chain management processes (DSCM), a reasonable set of ERP control strategy, and supported by appropriate information processing tools, tools to achieved in ensuring the timely delivery of the premise, as far as possible to reduce inventory levels, reducing inventory and obsolescence, the risk of devaluation. In this sense, the physical inventory control to achieve financial goals is just a means to control the entire inventory or just a necessary part; from the perspective of organizational functions, physical inventory control, warehouse management is mainly the responsibility of The broad inventory control is the demand and supply chain management, and the whole company's responsibility. Why until now many people's understanding of inventory control, limited physical inventory control? The following two reasons can not be ignored: First, our enterprises do not attach importance to inventory control. Especially those who benefit relatively good business, as long as there is money on the few people to consider the problem of inventory turnover. Inventory control is simply interpreted as warehouse management, unless the time to spend money, it may have been to see the inventory problem, and see the results are often very simple procurement to buy more, or did not do warehouse departments . Second, ERP misleading. Invoicing software is simple audacity to call it ERP, companies on their so-called ERP can reduce the number of inventory, inventory control, seems to rely on their small software can get. Even as SAP, BAAN ERP world, the field of
原创性声明 （黑体、小2号、加粗、居中）（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行） □□本人呈交的毕业论文，是在导师的指导下，独立进行研究工作所取得的成果，所有数据、图片资料真实可靠。尽我所知，除文中已经注明引用的内容外，本毕业论文的研究成果不包含他人享有著作权的内容。对本论文所涉及的研究工作做出贡献的其他个人和集体，均已在文中以明确的方式标明。本毕业论文的知识产权归属于培养单位。 （宋体小4号） 本人签名：（手签）日期：
摘□□要 （黑体小2 居中）（段前为0.5行、段后为0.5行） 《德伯家的苔丝》是19世纪英国批判现实主义小说家托马斯·哈代的代表作。哈代将其与其他几部作品一并归类于“性格与环境的小说”。以前对他的文学批评多以人物本身以及当时社会的人物构建为中心，采用马克思主义、消费主义和女性这一理论基础进行分析，本文将采用生态批评理论分析苔丝的悲剧成因。哈代认为社会转型期内的历史性的巨变不是进步，反而代表着失望和遗憾。工业革命和现代化的生活方式都导致女性逐步的脱离自然。在哈代的写作生涯中,他对人与自然、男性和女性的关系一直给予高度关注，他认为自然和人类是紧密相连的,自然是女性生存的沃土而女性则是自然的化身,女性和自然在经验与体验上都是相统一的,她们的命运也是相辅相成的,所以生态批评主义者倡导建构生态和谐的社会。不仅使大自然摆脱被剥削的命运,也激发人们对于日益严重的环境危机的生态保护意识。本文利用生态批评主义文学理论, 并通过文献综述法，从男性与女性关系和人类与自然关系两方面来揭示哈代《德伯家的苔丝》中苔丝的悲剧根源。通过揭示苔丝悲剧的根本所在不仅能够警示读者认识到人类文明进步是以对自然环境的破坏为代价的，而且使人类意识到保护自然环境，与自然和谐相处的重要性。 (宋体小4，1.5倍行距 ) 中间无标点符号 关键词：生态批评主义□苔丝悲剧根源□女性和自然□和谐 （黑体4）（宋体小4） （所有文本页边距：上边距为25mm，下边距为20mm，左边距为25mm，右边距为20mm） 顺序为:中英文摘要、中英文目录、这四页页码为罗马数字
样板SAMPLE 布封幅宽FABRIC WIDTH 侧骨侧缝，摆缝SIDE SEAM 插竹领插角片COLLAR STAY 车花绣花EMBROIDERY 打枣打结BARTACK 担干过肩YOKE 耳仔裤带袢BELTLOOP 返针回针BACK STITCH 狗牙车牙FEED DOG 挂卡吊牌HANGTAG 后浪后档BACK RISE 蝴蝶车缝附件SEWING MACHINE ATTACHMENTS 及骨锁边OVERLOCK 及骨车包缝机，锁边机OVERLOCK MACHINE 急钮四合扣SNAP FASTENER
夹圈袖窿ARMHOLE 间棉绗缝QUILT 肩棉肩垫，垫肩膊头棉SHOULDER PAD 介英，鸡英袖口，袖级CUFF 拉冚车绷缝机COVERING STITCH MACHINE 拉裤头上裤头WAISTBANDING 拉筒车门襟机PLACKET MACHINE 辘脚车脚口卷边机BOTTOM HEMMING MACHINE 唛架排料图MAKER 唛头商标LABEL 埋夹缝合袖底骨和侧缝JOIN THE UNDER ARM SEAM AND SIDE SEAM 魔术贴尼龙搭扣VELCRO 纳膊缝合小肩JOIN THE SMALL SHOULDER 纳膊位肩缝SHOULDER SEAM 钮门扣眼BUTTON HOLE 钮牌门袢FLY
钮子钮门搭位BUTTON STAND 排唛排料LAYOUT 啤机冲压裁剪机DIE CUTTING MACHINE 脾围横档THIGH 平车平缝机NORMAL SEWING MACHINE 朴衬布INTERLINING 前浪前档FRONT RISE 生褶省PLEAT 死褶褶DART 梭仔梭芯BOBBIN 烫斗熨斗IRON 挑脚车暗缝机BLIND STITCHING MACHINE 乌蝇扣钩棒扣EYES & HOOKS 靴压脚PRESSER FOOT 针步线步STITCHES 止口，子口缝头SEAM ALLOWANCE
附件一： 英语专业毕业论文格式要求 一、论文组成 本科毕业论文（设计）（以下简称为毕业论文）由封面、成绩评定表、内容摘要、关键词、目录、正文、参考文献、附录等八部分组成。毕业论文装订按以下顺序进行：封面、成绩评定表、中文内容摘要、英文内容摘要、目录、正文、注释、参考文献、附录。（每位学生定稿论文，按统一要求装订1份）。 二、排版与字体 毕业论文的文字图形一律从左至右横写横排。文字一律通栏编辑。字迹必须清楚，忌用异体字、复合字及一切不规范的简化字。除非必要，不要使用繁体字。 毕业论文文字、标点必须符合出版要求。正文标题为小二号粗黑体；正文内第一级标题用三号黑体，居中上下空一行；第二级标题用小三号黑体，靠左空两个字符，上下空一行；第三级标题用四号黑体，靠左空两个字符，不空行；正文用小四号宋体，行距为固定值20磅；图题及图中文字原则上用五号宋体。 中文“内容摘要”标题四字用三号粗黑体，其正文用四号宋体。英文内容摘要即“Abstract”标题词用三号Times New Roman字体加粗，其正文用Times New Roman四号。中英文摘要正文均以空两格格式开始行文。中文的“关键词”和英文的“Key words”分别用黑体四号和Times New Roman四号，并加粗左对齐。正文分别用四号宋体和四号Times New Roman。中文“内容摘要”正文要求300个汉字以内。英文内容摘要（“Abstract”）正文要求300个英文词左右。 注释和参考文献标题用粗三号，居中上下空一行。中文注释和参考文献正文用五号宋体。英文注释和参考文献正文用Times New Roman五号。 毕业论文中的英文均采用Times New Roman字体，其字体号与其相应的部分（注：正文、注释等）一致。注意文中代表变量的英文
Ancient Greek medicine This article is about the science and art of healing. For pharmaceutical drugs, see Medication. For other uses, see Medicine (disambiguation). Statue of Asclepius, the Greek god of medicine, holding the symbolic Rod of Asclepius with its coiled serpent Medicine is the applied science or practice of the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of disease.[1] It encompasses a variety of health care practices evolved to maintain and restore health by the prevention and treatment of illness in human beings. Contemporary medicine applies health science, biomedical research, and medical technology to diagnose and treat injury and disease, typically through medication or surgery, but also through therapies as diverse as psychotherapy, external splints & traction, prostheses, biologics, ionizing radiation and others. The word medicine is derived from the Latin ars medicina, meaning the art of healing History Prehistoric medicine incorporated plants (herbalism), animal parts and minerals. In many cases these materials were used ritually as magical substances by priests, shamans, or medicine men. Well-known spiritual systems include animism (the notion of inanimate objects having spirits), spiritualism (an appeal to gods or communion with ancestor spirits); shamanism (the vesting of an individual with mystic powers); and divination (magically obtaining the truth). The field of medical anthropology examines the ways in which culture and society are organized around or impacted by issues of health, health care and related issues. An ancient Greek patient gets medical treatment: this aryballos (circa 480–470 BCE, now in Paris's Louvre Museum) probably contained healing oil The Greek physician Hippocrates (ca. 460 BCE – ca. 370 BCE), considered the father of medicine.[4][5] Persian polymath, Avicenna, who, along with Imhotep and Hippocrates, has been called the "father of medicine" Early records on medicine have been discovered from ancient Egyptian medicine, Babylonian medicine, Ayurvedic medicine (in the Indian subcontinent), classical Chinese medicine (predecessor to the modern traditional Chinese Medicine), and ancient Greek medicine and Roman medicine. The Egyptian Imhotep (3rd millennium BC) is the first physician in history known by name. Earliest records of dedicated hospitals come from Mihintale in Sri Lanka where evidence of dedicated medicinal treatment facilities for patients are found.[6][7] The Indian surgeon Sushruta described numerous surgical operations, including the earliest forms of plastic surgery.[8][dubious – discuss][9] The Greek physician Hippocrates, the "father of medicine",[5][10] laid the foundation for a rational approach to medicine. Hippocrates introduced the Hippocratic Oath for physicians, which is still relevant and in use today, and was the first to categorize illnesses as acute, chronic, endemic and epidemic, and use terms such as, "exacerbation, relapse, resolution, crisis, paroxysm, peak, and convalescence".[11][12] The Greek physician Galen was also one of the greatest surgeons of the ancient world and performed many audacious operations, including brain and eye surgeries. After the fall of the Western Roman Empire and the onset of the Early Middle Ages, the Greek tradition of medicine