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名词性从句
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辨别下列名词性从句的类别：
1.How the book will sell depends on its author.
2.John said that he was leaving for London on
Wednesday.
3.The fact is that he has not been seen recently.
4.The fact that he has not been seen recently disturbs everyone in his office.
5.He will talk to us about what he saw in U.S.
6.It is impossible that I go and attend the meeting.
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
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名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。
引导名词性从句的连接词可分为三类：
连接词：that, whether, if
连接代词：what, whatever, who, whoever, whom, whose, which.
连接副词：when, where, how, why
1。t h a t只起连接主句和从句的作用，在从句中不担任任何成分，本身也没有词义，宾语从句中可省略
2。不充当介宾
3。引导主语从句、表语从句和同位语从句,t h a t不可省略。
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That/wh-clause + v +…主语从句
S +be/link.v + that/wh-clause表语从句
S + vt + that/wh-clause宾语从句
S + vi + prep + wh-clause宾语从句
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一．主语从句
主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。
1.I t作形式主语
It 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。例如：
It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.
It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.
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2. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别
what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分，如主语．宾语．表语，而that 则不然。例如：
1) ______you said yesterday is right.
2) ______she is still alive is a good thing.
What
It is right what you said yesterday.
That
It is a good thing that she is still alive.
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二．宾语从句
宾语从句就是在复合句中作宾语的名词性从句，通常放在主句谓语动词 (及物动词) 或介词之后。
1. 作动词的宾语
(1) 由that引导的宾语从句(that 通常可以省略), 例如：
I heard that he joined the army.
(2) 由what, whether (if) 引导的宾语从句，例如：
She did not know what had happened.
I wonder whether you can change this note for me.
(3) 动词＋间接宾语＋宾语从句。例如：
She told me that she would accept my invitation.
2. 作介词的宾语，例如：
Our success depends upon how well we can cooperate(合作）with one another. 幻灯片8
3. 作形容词的宾语，例如：
I am afraid (that) I’ve made a mistake.
I am sure (that) he will win the game.
4. it 可以作为形式宾语
it 不仅可以作为形式主语，还可以作为形式宾语而真正的宾语that 从句则放在句尾，特别是在带复合宾语的句子中。例如：
We thought it good news that the fog had finally gone.
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5. 否定的转移
若主句谓语动词为think, consider, suppose, believe, expect, fancy, guess, imagine等，其后的宾语从句若含有否定意义，一般要把否定词转移到主句谓语上，从句谓语用肯定式。例如：
________________________________我认为这件衣服不适合你穿。
I don’t think the dress fits you well
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三．表语从句
表语从句在复合句中作表语的名词性从句，放在系动词之后，一般结构是“主语＋连系动词＋表语从句”。可以接表语从句的连系动词有be, look, remain, seem等。另外，常用的还有the reason is that…和It is because 等结构。例如：
1) The question is _________ we can make good preparation in such a short time.
2) This is ____ we can’t get the support of the people.
3) But the fact remains ___ we are behind the other classes.
4) The reason ______ he is late for school is ____ he missed the early bus. whether/how
why
that
why
that
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四．同位语从句
同位语从句就是在复合句中作名词的同位语的名词性从句。
1. 同位语从句的功能
同位语从句对于名词进一步解释，说明名词的具体内容，一般由that引导，例如：
1) The king’s decision that the prisoner would be set free surprised all the people.
2) The order that all the soldiers should stay still is given by the general.
2. 同位语在句子中的位置
同位语从句有时可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后面，而是被别的词隔开。例如：
He got the news from Mary that the sports meeting was put off.
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3. 同位语从句与定语从句的区别
(1) 定语从句中的that既代替先行词，同时以在从句中作某个成分（主语或宾语），而同位语从句中的that是连词，只起连接主句与从句的作用，不充当句中任何成分。
(2) 定语从句是形容词性的，其功能是修饰先行词，对先行词加以限定，描述它的性质或特征；同位语从句是名词性的，其功能是对名词进行具体内容的补充说明。例如：
1) The news that he told me is that Tom would go abroad next year.（他告诉我的消息是汤姆明年将出国。）（第一个that引导的从句是定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）2)The news that Tom would go abroad is told by him.（汤姆将出国的消息是他讲的。）（同位语从句，that在句中不作任何成分）
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●w h e t h e r与i f均为“是否”的意思。但在下列情况下，w h e t h e r不能被i f所
取代：
●主语从句
Whether he will come is unknown.
2. 表语从句，如：
The question is whether you should accept it.
3. 同位语从句，如：
The question whether he’ll attend the meeting is not decided.
4. 从句作介词的宾语，如：
I’m not interested in whether they’ll go or not.
It depends on whether we have got enough money.
5. 直接跟不定式连用，如：
She hasn’t decided whether to go or not.
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用if 或whether 填空
whether/if
● 1. I don’t know __________ I’ll be free tomorrow.
● 2. I don’t know _______ or not I’ll be free tomorrow.
● 3. The question is ______ this book is worth writing. 4. It depends on ______ we will have
enough money.
● 5. ______ they can do it matters little to us.
● 6._______ you are not free tomorrow , I’ll go without you.
whether
whether
whether
Whether
If
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t h a t在同位语从句与定语从句的区别
同位语从句定语从句
that（连词）只起连接的作用,不充当句子成分that(关系代词) 充当一定的句子成分(主，宾，表）
同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系，表示
这个名词的内容
定语从句对先行词起修饰作用，表示“…的”。
同位语从句的that 一般不能省而定语从句中的关系代词that，当其在从句
中做宾语时，常常可以省略
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（I）试比较下面两个例句:
1.The suggestion that he raised at the meeting is very good.
2.The suggestion that the students should have plenty of exercise is very good. （that引导定语从句, 作宾语, 可以省略）
（that引导同位语从句,在从句中不担当任何成分，但不可以省略）
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辨别下列从句是定语从句还是同位语从句
1.We heard the news that our team had won.
2.We must face the fact that we had spent all our money.
3. The news that he told me yesterday was false.
4. I have no doubt that he will come soon.
5. The fact is that we have spent all our money.
同位语从句
同位语从句
定语从句
同位语从句
表语从句
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翻译以下句子，并指出带下划线的从句属于名词性从句中的哪一种。
1.What he wants is a book.
2.It is so nice that we can learn this grammar point together.
3.I’m so glad that I can make friends with you.
4.This is why he did it.
5.Do you agree to the suggestion that we (should) have a trip in Tibet?
6.That he wants a book is certain.
7.I suggested just now we (should) take part in this activity.
8.Whether you like him or not doesn’t matter too much.
9.He doesn’t know whether you can sing it well.
10.The problem is whether you can sing it well.
11.The problem whether it is right or wrong has not been decided.
12.Please tell me who your monitor is.
主语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
主语从句
宾语从句
表语从句
同位语从句
宾语从句
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1.what / that
a.____ he said at the meeting surprised us.
b._____ he spoke（发言） at the meeting surprised us.
2. if / whether
_______you go or stay at home won’t make any differences.
3. What a pity _____is _____you didn’t arrive by daylight.
A. there, because
B. it, that
C. he, when
D. that, for
4.no matter how/who/what/where/when
We are ready to do ______ the country wants us to do.
A. what
B. which
C. no matter what
D. whatever
What
That
Whether
B
D
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高考再现
1. (NMET 1995) is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.
A. There
B. This
C. That
D. It
2.(NMET 1996) we can’t get seems better than we have.
A. What,what
B. What,that
C. That,that
D. That,what
3.(NMET 2001春)I read about it in some book or other, does it matter it was?
A.where
B.what
C.how
D.which
4.(NMET 1997)It’s generally considered unwise to give a child he or she wants.
A. however
B.whatever
C. whichever
D.wherever
5.(NMET 1999) –I drove to Zhuhai for the air show last week.
-Is that you had a few days off?
A.why
B.when
C.what
D.where
D
A
D
B
A
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A
6.(上海2002) There’s a feeling in me we’ll never know what a UFO is-----not ever.
A.that
B.which
C. of which
D.what
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1.It is important that ______ our education in all available ways.
A. we must develop
B. we shall develop
C. we would develop
D. we should develop
2.It is necessary that ______ by the end of the week.
A. we got everything ready
B. we have got everything ready
C. We get everything ready
D. we must get everything ready
3.It was natural that _______.
A. my pictures would surprise them
B. my pictures surprised them
C. my pictures should surprise them
D. my pictures would have surprised them
4.I wonder _______.
A. whether or not I’ll catch the last bus
B. if or not I’ll catch the last bus
C. that I’ll catch the last bus or not
D. that I’ll catch the last bus
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5.We all thought ______ a pity that we had missed the lesson.
A. so
B. such
C. it
D. that
6.I took ______ for granted （想当然）that they were not coming.
A. that
B. this
C. it
D. so
7.I heard ______ said that he had great concern（关心） for his classmates.
A. and
B. that
C. was
D. it
8.I wish I ______ to the football match last night.
A. went
B. go
C. should go
D. had gone
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综合运用：
as/which
The earth is round, _________ is known to everybody.
As
2. ____ is known to everybody, the earth is round.
That
3. ______ the earth is round is known to everybody.
It
4. ____ is known to everybody that the earth is round.
that
5. Everybody knows _____ the earth is round.
It
6. _____ surprised us very much that our teacher left
without a word.
What
7. ______ surprised us very much was that our teacher
left without a word.
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名词性从句课件名词性从句PPT 主语She came． / My head aches.主语＋及物动词She likes English.主语＋系动词She is happy．主语＋双宾动词She gave John a book．She bought a book for me.主语＋宾补动词She makes her mother angry．The teacher asked me to read the passage.There +beThere is a book on the desk. ＋不及物动词＋宾语＋主语补语(表语）＋间接宾语＋直接宾语＋宾语＋宾语补语简单句基本句型实例简单句的基本词序主语动词部分宾语状语（谓语）方式地点时间I bought a hat yesterday.The children ran home.We ate our meal in silence.The car stopped suddenly.Point out the function of each noun in the following sentences:1.The world loves nature. subject2.Knowledge is power .subjectapposition3.We Chinese are peace-loving.subjectobjectpredicativepredicative名词性从句? 名词性从句在功能上相当于名词主语{His job is important.What he does is important.表语This is his job.This is what he does every day.{宾语{I don’t like his job.I don’t like what he does every day.同位语{I don’t know about the man, Mr. White.I don’t know about the fact that he is a teacher.什么叫名词性从句？? ? 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词从句在句子中起名词作用的句子叫 名词从句( (Noun ClausesNoun Clauses）） ? ? 名词从句的功能相当于名词词组名词从句的功能相当于名词词组, 复合句中能担任