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泛读英语四CLOZE文本

泛读英语四CLOZE文本
泛读英语四CLOZE文本

Unit 1

The cloze procedure originated in the 1950s as a means of assessing the difficulty of a reading text for native speakers, but within three years its originator was suggesting that it could be used for assessing the progress of second and foreign language learners. The principle is that single words are taken out of a text at regular intervals, leaving gaps which students have to complete with appropriate “fillers,”one only for each gap. In order to do this the student has to refer to the text or either side of the gap so that he can judge what an appropriate filler might be, taking into account both meaning and structure.

There are two types of gap: “function”gaps (such as conjunctions, preposition, articles) which have only one correct filler, and “semantic” gaps (such as nouns, adjectives, verbs, adverbs) that can be filled with any one of number of alternatives.

The variation in acceptable filler leads to two main systems of marking: “exact”and “acceptable.”The first of these means that only the original word is counted as correct, and since there is only one right answer, the marking is objective and can be done quickly. In “acceptable”marking, decisions must be made about whether a student’s offering is good enough to be counted as correct or not. It has been shown, however, that the two systems of marking produce

very similar result, in the sense that the students are sorted into roughly the same rank order.

Unit 2

At the bottom of the world lies a mighty continent still wrapped in the Ice Age and, until recent times, unknown to man. Most of the continent is a complete blank on our maps. A 1,000-mile stretch of the coastline has never been reached by any ship. Man has explored, on foot, less than one per cent of its area.

Antarctica differs fundamentally from the Arctic regions. The Arctic is an ocean, covered with drifting ice and surrounded by the land masses of Europe, Asia, and North America. The Antarctic is a continent almost as large as Europe and Australia combined centered roughly on the South Pole and surrounded by the most unobstructed water areas of the world – the Atlantic, Pacific, and Indian Oceans.

The continental ice sheet is more than two miles deep in its center; thus the air over the Antarctic is much colder than it is over the Arctic regions. More than a million persons live within 2,000 miles of the North Pole in an area that includes most of Alaska, Siberia, and Scandinavia – a region rich in forest and mining industries. Apart from a handful of weather stations, within the same distance of the South Pole there is not a single tree, industry or settlement.

Unit 3

Of all UNHCR programs involving internally displaced persons (IDPs), former Yugoslavia has perhaps been the most problematic. When UNHCR was asked by the Secretary- General to take the lead humanitarian role in the region in late 1991, few imagined that the conflict would grow so big, that the victims would eventually number so many, and that within months the program would be costing UNHCR so much – nearly $1 million a day.

From an agency long used to protecting and assisting refugees once they had reached the relative safety of an asylum country, UNHCR soon found itself in the middle of a war zone in the worst refugee crisis in Europe since World War II. UNHCR humanitarian staff suddenly found themselves caught in the crossfire while trying to help, not refuges, but millions of IDPs and other “war affected”people in communities like Sarajevo, Gorazde and Bihac. Twelve were killed in UNHCR operations, and dozens were wounded. By 1993, UNHCR found itself, for the first time in its 40-year-history, in the midst of a conflict that the international community appeared powerless to stop. There seemed to be no way out.

Unit 4

Information and education programs against smoking have been intensified in France. Tobacco taxes have also been increased

regularly, and in 1991, France adopted a comprehensive tobacco control law. This law, which was phased in and came fully into force in 1993, bans tobacco advertising, fixes maximum tar yields, and requires strong health warnings on both the front and back of the package. Besides/Moreover the law also controls smoking in transport, public places and workplaces by either banning it altogether or limiting it to just a few smoking areas. A non-governmental organization, the National Committee Against Tobacco Use, has been especially active in encouraging strict observance of the tobacco advertising ban. Early attempts to find ways around the law let the National Committee Against Tobacco Use to bring charges against the alleged violators. These resulted in a number of successful convictions, which, in turn, have led to near-total observance of France’s strict ban on direct and indirect tobacco advertising. By 1995, tobacco consumption had fallen by 7.3% since 1991 when the comprehensive tobacco control law was adopted.

Unit 5

Visit the website of the European central bank, click on the icon for its French-language pages and you will be politely advised that the bulk of the site is unfortunately in English, and you should perhaps try the Bank of France’s homepage for information in

French.

“The first instrument of a people’s genius,”wrote the author Stendhal, “is its language.” In which case, the French are in trouble. Already drowning at home in a rising tide of what stalwarts see as vulgar and inelegant English, their tongue is now in grave danger of disappearing from the international scene altogether. “What is at stake is the survival of our culture. It is a life or death matter,”Jacques Viot, head of the Alliance Francise, which promotes French abroad, warned last month. For a country that has long proclaimed its tongue the language of love, of global diplomancy and the rights of man, the threat is taken seriously. Few here complained when a francophobic US senator recently described French as “a near-forgotten” language; many realize that unless something is done, he could very soon be right.

Within France, the language benefits from a veritable battery of protective laws, decrees and directives. Radio stations must play mostly music with French lyrics, and advertisements in English are, with few exceptions, outlawed unless accompanied by a translation.

Most of the legislation stems from the 1994 “loi Toubon,”which briefly threatened jail for anyone using words like “le weekend” or “le parking.” Even today, companies are occasionally prosecuted –although not as often as organizations such as the

Committee for the Defence of the French Language, one of a myriad of similar militant bodies, would like – for using anglicisms in ads and brochures.

Unit 6

Round the end of the sixteenth century, Puritans, whose goal was the purification of religion in England, frequently suffered persecution at the hands of the English government. In order to seek religious freedom, they decided to leave England.

In early September 1620, 102 settlers (among whom 35 were Puritans) left for America aboard the Mayflower. After a two-month journey they came within sight of Cape Cod and decided to stay. They met aboard the ship and drafted the Mayflower Compact – a document that established the principles and rules by which their community would be governed. They also elected John Carver to serve as their first governor.

After landing at Plymouth on December 21, 1920, however the Pilgrims faced terrible hardships. Few of them had any experience in colonization. Worse still, they had come to America without adequate food supplies, and they couldn’t start to plant crops until spring. By then more than half the Pilgrims, including Governor Carver, had died. It was with the help of the Indians that the survivors learned how to plant corn and where to fish. In October

1621, they were able to celebrate their first harvest with the Indians. The same year, the Pilgrims secured a charter for Plymouth Colony from the Council for New England.

Unit 7

It was during the 1960s that ecology, a small and relatively unimportant branch of biology, rose to the attention of the United States public. Science and medicine had made great advances in making human life easier, longer, and more comfortable. People became so reliant on technology that they were sure science could solve almost any problem. In the early 1960s, however, as populations became larger and open space less available, people started to realize that there was one problem technology didn’t have a quick-fix solution for – the mistreatment of the environment.

The science of ecology studies the ways humans can live in harmony with their natural environment – ways humans can exist on this planet without destroying the very systems that sustain life. Nature abides by very strict laws and an extremely delicate check and balance system. When those laws and system are upset, the resulted can be devastating. It is an ecologist’s job to see to it that the laws and system are not violated.

Unit 8

The word Hebrew, the original meaning of which is not clear,

can be used to designate a specific Semitic language – namely, that utilized by a particular group of Ancient Near Eastern “people.” The linguistic name became attached also to the people among whom it was spoken. These “Hebrews” differed from their neighbors in their semi-nomadic character and their supporting themselves not through settled agriculture but rather as herders. Their identity as a distinct people with an even more distinctive religion is attributed in the book of Genesis to the calling of the patriarch (paternal ruler) Abraham. The god who thus called Abraham would from now on be regarded as the god of the Hebrews and from the time of Moses be known as Yahweh. Similarly, the Hebrews people would now no longer be defined simply by language or kinship, but by their allegiance to this, their god.

At Yahweh’s instructions, Abraham moved from Mesopotamia into the land of Canaan, later known as Palestine. The story of Abraham and his descendants – the patriarchs of Israel is legendary in character, but maybe rooted in historical events taking place around the first quarter of the second millennium BC –that is, 2000-1750 BC.

Unit 9

The term “convention”is generally applied to a multilateral treaty of a law-making type. There are many conventions concluded

since the Second World War within the framework of the United Nations Charter, such as the Vienna Convention on Diplomatic Relations of 1961, the Vienna Convention on Consular Relations of 1963, convention on the law of the sea and others, Law-making treaties concluded under the guidance of one or other of the specialized agencies of the United Nations also normally take the form of conventions: examples are conventions for the suppression of unlawful acts against the safety of civil aviation, and the series of anti-pollution conventions. Treaties which establish international unions of a technical character may also be designated as conventions –for example, the various conventions for the protection of intellectual property, the Universal Postal Convention, and the International Telecommunications Convention.

However, “convention” is used to indicate not only multilateral treaties of a law-making type, but also bilateral treaties, such as consular conventions, double taxation conventions and others.

Unit 10

The one person most associated with the development of the Presbyterian Church is John Calvin (1509 - 1564). His major work, Institutes of the Christian Religion, is a systematic treatise of 16th-century protestant thought, the cornerstone of Presbyterian doctrine, and one of the most influential books in Western thought.

Dutch, French, English, Scots, and Irish brought the Presbyterian faith to America. One man, Francis Makemie, holds the distinction of being called the Father of American Presbyterianism. This Scottish minister came to America in 1683 with a zeal for preaching and a genius for organization. He soon recruited other clergy in his tireless efforts to organize Presbyterians in the English colonies of America.

The Presbyterian Church took root and grew in American soil, but not without difficulties. Presbyterians, along with Baptists and Methodists, divided at the question of slavery prior to the Civil War. The northern group, called the United Presbyterian Church in the USA, became the largest Presbyterian body in this country and in the world. The southern group was called the Presbyterian Church in the United States. In 1983 these two groups merged to form the Presbyterian Church (USA), the fourth largest Protestant denomination in the United States.

英语泛读教程2(王守仁)问题详解

Keys to Reading Course 2 Unit 1 Reading Section A Word Pretest 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.A 5.B 6.C 7.B 8.C Reading Comprehension 1.B 2.A 3.B 4.B 5.C 6.C Vocabulary Building Word Search 1. assignment 2. irony 3. reverse 4. accomplish 5. assemble 6. squeeze 7. sensual 8. fragment 9. narcotic 10. adolescence Use of English 1Bob agreed to take on the leadership of the expedition. 2The world was taken in by his fantastic story of having got to the Pole alone. 3He took up his story after a pause for questions and refreshments. 4That takes me back to the time I climbed to the top of Mount Fuji. 5The members of the party took it in turns to steer the boat. 6They took it for granted that someone would pick up their signals and come to their aid. Stems 7proclaim: to announce officially and publicly; to declare 8percentage: a proportion or share in relation to a whole; a part 9confirm: to support or establish the certainty or validity of; to verify 10affirm: to declare positively or firmly; to maintain to be true 11centigram: a metric unit of mass equal to one hundredth of a gram 12exclaim: to express or utter(something) suddenly or vehemently Synonyms 1. adaptability 2. purpose 3.strained 4.hold 5.defeat Cloze important second France student bilingual monolingual serious means use difficult Section B 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.C 5.A 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.B 10.T 11.T 12.F 13.F 14.T 15.T Section C 1.F 2.T 3.T 4.F 5.T 6.F 7.F 8.F 9.F 10.F Unit 2 Music Section A Word Pretest 1. B 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6. B Reading comprehension

英语泛读教程3 课文翻译

UNIT 2 英国人的谨慎和礼貌 在许多人看来,英国人极为礼貌,同他们交朋友很难。但愿下列文字能够帮助你更好地了解英国人的性格特点。 对于其他欧洲人来说,英国人最著名的特点是“谨慎”。一个谨慎的人不太会和陌生人聊天,不会流露出太多的情感,并且很少会兴奋。要了解一个谨慎的人并非易事;他从不告诉你有关他自己的任何事,也许你和他工作了几年,却连他住在哪儿,有几个孩子,兴趣是什么,都不知道。英国人就有类似的倾向。如果乘公共汽车去旅行,他们会尽量找一个没人坐的位子;如果是乘火车,他们会找一个没人的单间。如果他们不得不与陌生人共用一个单间时,那么即使火车驶出了很多英里,他们也不会开口交谈。一旦谈起来的话,他们不会轻易问及像“你几岁?”或者甚至“你叫什么名字?”等私人问题。像“你的手表是在哪儿买的?”或者“你的收入是多少?”这样的问题几乎不可想象。同样,在英国,人们交谈时一般声音都很轻、很有节制,大声谈话会被视为没有教养。 在某种程度上,不愿意与他人交流是一种不幸的品质,因为它可能会给人造成态度冷淡的印象。而事实上,英国人(也许除了北方人)并不以慷慨和好客而著称。而另一方面,虽然谨慎使他们不易与人沟通,但他们内心还是很有人情味的。如果一个陌生人或外国人友善地将这种隔阂打破那么一会儿,他们可能会满心欢喜。 与英国人的谨慎紧密相连的品质是英国式的谦逊。在内心深处,英国人可能比任何人都高傲,但是当他们与别人相处时,他们十分看重谦逊的品质,至少要表现出谦虚的样子。自我标榜会被认为没有教养。让我们假设,有一个人非常擅长打网球,但如果有人问他是否是个优秀选手时,他很少会说“是”,不然,人们会认为他很高傲。他可能会作出类似这样的回答,“不算太差,”或者“嗯,我非常喜欢网球。”这样的自我贬低是典型的英国式的。而且当这一品质与他们的谨慎混合在一起时,常常形成一种漠然的气氛,这在外国人看来难于理解,甚至令人恼火。 著名的英国人的幽默感也是大同小异。它的出发点是自我贬低,它的最大对手是高傲,它的理想境界是自嘲的能力——嘲笑自己的错误、自己的失败和窘境,甚至自己的理想。在英国,人们非常看重幽默感,常常能听到“他一点幽默感都没有”这样的批评。幽默感是一种对生活的态度而并非仅仅是开玩笑的能力。这种态度决非残酷、不敬或是怀有恶意的。英国人不会嘲笑一个跛子或者疯子,也不会嘲笑一个悲剧或者一次可敬的失败。同情心或者对艺术技巧的崇敬比嘲笑的份量重得多。 同幽默感一样,运动员精神是英国式的理想,这一点并非所有的英国人都做得到。必须认识到,现代形式的运动几乎都是英国人发明的。拳击、英式足球、网球以及板球都是在英国首次组织并且制定出规则的。规则是运动的精髓,运动员精神是指按照规则从事体育运动的能力,同时也表现在对对手的慷慨大度,以及失败后的良好心态。此外,运动员精神作为一种理想模式也普遍适用于日常生活。其中最基本的生活规则之一就是“不打跌倒的人”。换言之,就是不要利用别人的不幸。英国的男孩子常常在相互交往中把这种运动员精神表现得淋漓尽致。 英国人的另一特点就是礼貌。总的来说,英国式的礼貌习惯都不很正式。所有的礼貌都是建立在这样的基本原则之上:为别人着想,同时也认可别人对你的关心。在麻烦别人时,如:从某人前面经过,或者打断某人的谈话,或者向陌生人请教问题时,要先说“对不起”,为给对方带来的不便预先道歉。“抱歉”一词表示对意外打扰或者违反礼仪的歉意。如果有人提出或者暗示某个要求,如:“我可以借你的钢笔吗嘛?”或者“现在几点了?”或者“还有七码的鞋吗?”,而你无法满足这种要求时,也要说“抱歉”而不是“不”。“请原谅?”是用来要求别人重复所说内容时的礼貌说法。在英国,除了在学校,人们在请求发言时,不再用“请”这个词。在国外非常普遍的词组“不,请”,在英国本土听起来却会很别扭。“好

大学英语泛读教程4(第三版)自测Reading Master 1_Test Bank_Unit 12

Unit 12 A Bang for the Buck A. Vocabulary 1. Mr. Scrooge was very ______ with his money so was rarely seen buying anything from the street shops. a. trendy b. frugal c. athletic d. organic 2. My brother loves to buy the latest ______ because he says they are so cool and useful. a. cash b. sources c. surveys d. gadgets 3. The puppies at the city shelter were so cute that we decided to ______ two of them. a. adopt b. survey c. rely on d. account for 4. Some people ______ their yearly bonus to buy expensive products such as large appliances. a. survey b. rely on c. increase d. snap up 5. One ______ of global warming is that the overall temperature of the Earth has risen in the last few decades. a. source b. indicator c. survey d. pocket 6. Companies will often ______ shoppers to ask them about the products they like. a. survey b. source c. indicate d. adopt 7. ______ fruits and vegetables have become increasingly popular since they don’t contain chemicals. a. Trendy b. Frugal c. Cutting-edge d. Organic 8. The newest smartphone uses ______ technology to charge its battery. a. frugal b. cutting-edge c. organic d. athletic B. Grammar 9. As a student you usually need ______ on a small weekly budget. a. get by b. getting by c. to get by d. gets by 10. I’m goi ng to have a small snack ______ me ______ until dinnertime. a. tides / over b. to tide / over c. tided / over d. tiding / over 11. I usually ______ and compare prices before making any large purchases. a. shop around b. shops around c. shopped around d. shopping around 12. If I ______ multi-millionaire I ______ travel around the world in my private jet. a. was / will b. am / would c. were / will d. were / would 13. If I ______ you weren’t feeling well, I would have canceled our date. a. had known b. have known c. were to know d. was to know

英语泛读教程3第三版答案

英语泛读教程3第三版(刘乃银版)答案 Unit 1 Text: A. c B. bdabb ddc D. addad cdb Fast Reading: dbdda abaad cbbdc Home Reading: dacdd aab Unit 2 Text: A. b B. ddbcd cca D. badda caac Fast Reading: dbbdc bdbdb cddbd Home Reading: cbdcc dbbd Unit 3 Text: A. d B. badab bdddc D. bddba cbcaa Fast Reading: cbbba ccdda ccdad Home Reading: dbcbd dbdb Unit 4 Text: A. c B. ddbcd dc D. abdbb addad Fast Reading: dbccd bdadd badcd Home Reading: dadac bcd Unit 5 Text: A. c B. abdaa dcbd D. dbabb dabcb da Fast Reading: caabd cbddc cdbab Home Reading: bccdb dc Unit 6 Text: A. b B. cbcab ddad D. badaa cbaac Fast Reading: cabcd aadcb ccdab Home Reading: ccdcd abc Unit 7 Text: A. d B. acbda dcaac D. abaac daccd ad Fast Reading: daada cddbc bdcdb Home Reading: cbadb cddbc Unit 8 Text: A. c B. cddcc dccb D. abdac aaa Fast Reading: ccacd bbdad babdd Home Reading: dbdbc cbcd Unit 9 Text: A. c B. bccbc dbba D. dcbab dacba c Fast Reading: dcbca bccbc bcddd Home Reading: dcdca bd Unit 10 Text:A. c B. cdccd bacac D. dcdbc acadc bd Fast Reading: dbdcc dccdb bddca Home Reading: cadcb acbb Unit 11 Text: A. d B. adacc dcb D. abacb dcaab adc Fast Reading: dcdab ccbda ccbca

英语泛读教程1第三版答案unit1

英语泛读教程1第三版答案unit1-3 Unit 1 Text: Invented Words A. d B. 1.c 2.d 3.b 4.d 5.a 6.c 7.d 8.d 9.d 10.b D. 1.a 2.b 3.c 4.a 5.a 6.c 7.b Fast Reading: 1.d 2.a 3.d 4.c 5.b 6.b 7.a 8.c 9.b 10.d 11.d 12.b 13.b 14.a 15.a Home Reading: 1.d 2.b 3.d 4.c 5.c 6.c 7.d 8.a 9.d Unit 2 Text: The English Reserve and Politeness A. b B. 1.d 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.d 6.c 7.c 8.a D. 1.b 2.a 3.d 4.d 5.a 6.c 7.a 8.a 9.c Fast Reading: 1.d 2.b 3.b 4.d 5.c 6.b 7.d 8.b 9.d 10.b 11.c 12.d 13.d 14.b 15.d Home Reading: 1.c 2.b 3.d 4.c 5.c 6.d 7.b 8.b 9.d Unit 3 Text: Bursting the Magic Bubble A. d B. 1.b 2.a 3.d 4.a 5.b 6.b 7.d 8.d 9.d 10.c D. 1.b 2.d 3.d 4.b 5.a 6.c 7.b 8.c 9.a 10.a Fast Reading: 1.c 2.b 3.b 4.b 5.a 6.c 7.c 8.d 9.d 10.a 11.c 12.c 13.d 14.a 15.d Home Reading: 1.d 2.b 3.c 4.b 5.d 6.d 7.b 8.d 9.b

英语泛读教程3第三版(刘乃银)答案

英语泛读教程3第三版(刘乃银版)答案Unit 1 Text: A.c B. bdabb ddc D. addad cdb Fast Reading: dbdda abaad cbbdc Home Reading: dacdd aab Unit 2 Text: A. b B. ddbcd cca D. badda caac Fast Reading: dbbdc bdbdb cddbd Home Reading: cbdcc dbbd Unit 3 Text: A.d B. badab bdddc D. bddba cbcaa Fast Reading: cbbba ccdda ccdad Home Reading: dbcbd dbdb

Text: A.c B. ddbcd dc D. abdbb addad Fast Reading: dbccd bdadd badcd Home Reading: dadac bcd Unit 5 Text: A.c B. abdaa dcbd D. dbabb dabcb da Fast Reading: caabd cbddc cdbab Home Reading: bccdb dc Unit 6 Text: A.b B. cbcab ddad D. badaa cbaac Fast Reading: cabcd aadcb ccdab Home Reading: ccdcd abc Unit 7

A.d B. acbda dcaac D. abaac daccd ad Fast Reading: daada cddbc bdcdb Home Reading: cbadb cddbc Unit 8 Text: A.c B. cddcc dccb D. abdac aaa Fast Reading: ccacd bbdad babdd Home Reading: dbdbc cbcd Unit 9 Text: A.c B. bccbc dbba D. dcbab dacba c Fast Reading: dcbca bccbc bcddd Home Reading: dcdca bd Unit 10 Text:

英语泛读教程1第3版参考答案

Unit 1 Text: A. d B. 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. d 6. c, 7. a 8. c 9. d C. 1. d 2. b 3. d 4. d 5. a 6. d 7. c 8. b 9. d 10. d Fast Reading: 1. c 2. d 3. b 4. c 5. c 6. d 7. a 8. c 9. d 10. c 11. c 12. c 13. b 14. c 15. d Home Reading: 1. d 2. b 3. b 4. c 5. c 6. b 7. a 8. b 9. d 10.c Unit 2 Text: A. d B. 1. b 2. c 3. c 4. d 5. c 6. c, 7. a 8. c C. 1. a 2. d 3. d 4. b 5. a 6. b 7. b 8. b 9. c 10. a Fast Reading: 1. b 2. d 3. d 4. a 5. c 6. c 7. d 8. b 9. c 10. a 11. d 12. d 13. d 14. c 15. d Home Reading: 1. c 2. d 3. d 4. c 5. c 6. d 7. d 8. d 9. d 10. b 11. b 12. a Unit 3 Text: A.c B.1.c 2.d 3.b 4.c 5.c 6、d 7.c 8.c 9.b 10.d 11,d 12.c C.1.b 2.a 3.a 4.d 5.b 6.a 7.a 8.d 9.a 10.a Fast Reading: 1.b 2.c 3.c 4.d 5.b 6.c 7.b 8.a 9.c 10.c 11.d 12.d 13.d 14.d 15.b Home Reading: 1.c 2.d 3.c 4.b 5.b 6.a 7.d 8.b Unit 4 Text: A.c B.1.b 2.d 3.c 4.d 5.c 6.b 7.d 8.b 9.d 10.c C.1.a 2.a 3.b 4.d 5.a 6.d 7.b 8.d 9.c Fast Reading: 1.c 2.c 3,d 4.a 5。b 6.b 7.d 8、b 9.c

英语泛读教程王守仁答案

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