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1
31.The capital of Wales is ______.
A. Birmingham
B. Edinburgh
C. Cardiff
D. Belfast
32.Which is the highest rank among the titles of English nobility?
A. Earl
B. Duke
C. Marquees
D. Baron
33.______ were originally called Yankees, which came to stand for all Americans.
A. People living in New England
B. People living in New York city
C. People living in Florida
D. People living by the Mississippi river
34. The oldest university in Ireland is _______ .
A. Dublin University
B. Dublin City University
C.St. Patrick College
D. the National University
35.The Victorian Period refers to ______.
A. 1798-1832
B. 1836-1901
C. The Romantic Period
D. the Neoclassical Period
36.T. S. Eliot’s ______ is considered as a model of the 20th century English poetry.
A. Poems 1909-1925
B. Prufrock and Other Observations
C. The Waste Land
D. The Hollow Men
37.“The Father of American Literature” is ______.
A. Benjamin Franklin
B. Washington Irving
C. Mark Twain
D. Earnest Hemingway
38.Which of the following is a back vowel?
A. i
B. w
C. u
D. e
39.______ can be used independently without being combined with other morphemes.
A. Free morphemes
B. Bound morphemes
C. Stems
D. Affixes
40.Systemic-functional grammar is developed by _____.
A. Chomsky
B. Halliday
C.Bloomfield
D. Saussure
31.【答案C】加的夫是威尔士的首府，是一个具有高生活水平和多样经济的国际化城市，号称英国第七大城市。A. Birmingham 为苏格兰中部城市 B. Edinburgh为苏格兰首府 C. Cardiff 为被爱尔兰首府。考察对象英国地理知识。
32.【答案B】英国的贵族分五个等级，由高至低为公爵(Duke)、侯爵 (Earl) 、伯爵 (Marquees) 、子爵 (Viscount) 和男爵 (Baron)。考察对象英国传统文化知识。
33.【答案A】新英格兰人被称为“扬基人”，现在人们用该词指美国人。考察历史知识。
34. 【答案A】爱尔兰历史最悠久的大学是都柏林大学。考察对象国教育知识。
35.【答案B】维多利亚时期指1836-1901年，这一时期英国无论在经济领域还是科学文化领域都达到了空前繁荣。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案C】T S艾略特是诺贝尔文学奖获得者，其代表作《荒原》堪称二十世纪英文诗歌的典范。考察美国文学知识。
37.【答案B】华盛顿欧文被尊为“美国文学之父”。其代表作为《里普范温可》。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案C】根据元音发音时舌翘位置，将它们分为前后元音， [u] 是后元音。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案A】自由语素可以独立出现，独立成词。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案B】语言学大师韩礼德是系统功能语法的创始人。考察语言学知识。A. Chomsky为转换生成语法的创始人，C.Bloomfield和D. Saussure为结构主义语言学创始人。
2.
31.The capital of Scotland is ______.
A. Manchester
B. Birmingham
C. Glasgow
D. Edinburgh
32.Eton College is a/n ______.
A. higher educational institution
B. secondary school
C. vocational school
D. primary school
33.The city of ______ is nicknamed “Space City of USA”.
A.Los Angeles
B. Boston
C. Houston
D. Honolulu
34.Quebec’s legal system is based on ______.
A. Canadian law
B. British common law
C. French criminal law
D. British civil law
35._____ has been regarded by some as “the Father of the English Poetry”.
A. Jonathan Swift
B. John Bunyan
C. George Chaucer
D. John Milton
36.Uncle Tom’s Cabin is written by a woman writer whose name is ______.
A. Kate Chopin
B. Emily Dickson
C. Alice Brown
D. Harriet Beecher Stowe
37.The book from which “all modern American literature comes” refers to _______.
A.An American Tragedy
B. The Great Gatsby
C. The Adventure of HuckBerry Finn
D. Sister Carrie
38.Which is not one of the design features of language? ______.
A. Productive
B. Stable
C. Dual
D. Arbitrary
39.Which of the following groups of words is a minimal pair?
A. sea/see
B. wet/which
C. she/sheet
D. moon/noon
40.There are ______maxims under the cooperative principle.
A. 5
B. 4
C. 3
D. 2
31.【答案D】爱丁堡是苏格兰首府，是其政治、经济、文化中心，是一座文化古城，素有“北方雅典”之称。A. Manchester和B. Birmingham均为英格兰城市C. Glasgow为苏格兰港市，英国造船业中心。考察对象国地理知识。
32.【答案B】伊顿学院是英国最著名的贵族私立中学之一。1440年创办于伊顿镇，只招收男生，毕业生多入牛津或剑桥等著名大学。考察英国教育知识。
33.【答案C】休斯敦是美国的“太空城”。A.Los Angeles 为美国加州著名港市。 B. Boston为马萨诸塞州首府。D. Honolulu为夏威夷州首府。考察美国地理知识。
34.【答案C】魁北克地区作为以前的法属殖民地，其法律体系是依照法国的刑事法律判定的。考察对象国法律知识。
35.【答案C】十四世纪著名诗人乔叟被誉为“英国诗歌之父”，其代表作是《坎特伯雷故事集》(The Canterbury Tales)。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案D】《汤姆叔叔的小屋》的作者是斯托夫人，在该书中她揭露了南部种植园黑人奴隶制的残暴和黑奴的痛苦。考察美国文学知识。
37.【答案C】马克吐温的名作《哈克贝里芬历险记》 (1876) 被认为是现代美国文学的开端。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案B】语言具有任意性，双层结构和多产性而不具有不稳定性。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案D】如果两个单词之间的差别只是一个音阶，那么它们就叫做最小语音对。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案B】格莱斯认为人们总是遵守以套相互合作的基本原则以有效利用语言达到交际的目的，他称这些原则为“合作原则”，其中包括质量准则(Maxim of quality)，数量准则(Maxim of quantity)，相关准则(Maxim of relevance)，方式准则 (Maxim of manner)。考察语言学知识。
3
31.______ was established by William Booth in 1865 and it is the second largest provider of social services in England.
A. The Anglican Church
B. The United Reformed Church
C. The Methodist
D. The Salvation Army
32.Tony Blair represents______ .
A. The Liberal Party
B. The Conservative Party
C. The Labor Party
D. The Democratic Party
33.The following are religious festivals except ______.
A. Christmas
B. Easter
C. Thanksgiving
D. Halloween
34. The Constitution Act, the oldest written constitution in the world, was drawn up in ______.
A. 1783
B. 1785
C. 1787
D. 1790
35.______ is not Henry Milton’s work..
A. Paradise Lost
B. Paradise Regained
C. Samson Agonistes
D. Pilgram’s Progress
36.The following poets are often mentioned as the “Lake Poets” except ______.
A. Shelly
B. Coleridge
C. Wordsworth
D. Southey
37.______ is not a member of the famous “transcendental club” in Ame rican literature.
A. Emerson
B. Thoreau
C. Margaret Fuller
D. James Cooper
38. _____ takes the inner structure of word as its main object of study.
A. Phonology
B. Morphology
C. Syntax
D. Pragmatics
39. Which is not one of the grammatical categories of English pronoun? ______.
A. Voice
B. Gender
C. Number
D. Case
40.______ Maxim requires the speaker not to say what he/she believes to be false.
A. Quantity
B. Quality
C. Relation
D. Manner
31.【答案D】救世军成立于1865年，他们宣传耶稣基督的故事，并在穷苦人中做一些社会工作。A. The Anglican Church为英国国教， B. The United Reformed Church指联合革新教C. The Methodist指循道宗教。考察宗教知识。
32.【答案C】布莱尔于1997年任职，并于2001和2004年连任两次，成为工党历史上首位连任三次首相职位的领导人。考察英国政治方面的知识。
33.【答案D】万圣节来自民间习俗，是非宗教性节日。其余三个选项均为基督教节日。考察美国习俗。
34.【答案C】《宪法草案》起草于1787年5月。考察美国历史知识。
35.【答案D】《天路历程》是约翰.班扬(John Bunyan)的作品，属宗教文学。A. Paradise Lost，B. Paradise Regained和C. Samson Agonistes 均为亨利弥尔顿的作品。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案A】华兹华斯,柯勒律治和骚塞并称为“湖畔诗人(Lake Poets)”。A. Shelly为英国著名浪漫主义诗人，其诗作赞扬革命，抨击封建统治和传统。考察英国文学知识。
37.【答案D】库珀不是超验主义思想家，他的作品主要描述美国开拓边疆的历史。A. Emerson B. Thoreau
C. Margaret Fuller均为超验主义思想。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案B】形态学主要研究单词的内部构造。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案A】语法范畴(grammatical categories)用来指代名词、动词等词类的标志性特征，对于代词有性 (gender), 数 (number) 、格 (case) ，而语态 (voice) 是动词的语法范畴。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案B】格莱斯的合作原则中的质量准则要求说话者不要说自己认为不真实的话。考察语言学知识。
4.
31.The Hundred Years’ War was fought between England and ______.
A. Holland
B. Denmark
C. France
D. Germany
32.The eastern part of the United States is made up of the highlands formed by ______.
A. Appalachian Range
B. Coast Range
C. Rocky Mountains
D. Cascade Range
33.“Give me liberty, or give me death” is a famous saying by ______.
A. Benjamin Franklin
B. George Washington
C. Henry Patrick
D. Abraham Lincoln
34.The capital of Australia is ______.
A. Canberra
B. Melbourne
C. Sydney
D. Edinburgh
35.______ is the author of Jane Eyre.
A. Emily Bronte
B. Charlotte Bronte
C. Jane Austin
D. Anne Bronte
36.______ is the masterpiece of D. H. Lawrence.
A. Sons and Lovers
B. The Rainbow
C. Lady Chatterley’s Lover
D. W omen in Love
37.The Age of Realism in American literary history refers to the period from _____ to ______.
A. 1861, 1918
B. 1860, 1914
C. 1865, 1917
D. 1861, 1910
38. “Speech act” theory is developed by______.
A. Grice
B.Austin
C. Chomsky
D.Halliday
39. Which of the following is not a plosive?
A. p
B. k
C. v
D. d
40.The words “borrow” and “lend” are ______.
A. hyponyms
B. co-hyponyms
C. gradable opposites
D. converse opposites
4.
31.【答案C】百年战争发生在英法两国之间。考察英国历史知识。
32.【答案A】阿巴拉契亚山脉从美国东北向西南延伸至乔治亚州与阿拉巴马州，从美国西部向中部分布着海岸山脉，喀斯喀特山脉和落基山脉。考察美国地理知识。
33.【答案C】“不自由，勿宁死”是亨利.帕特里克在1775年一场著名演讲中的话。考察美国历史知识。
34.【答案A】澳大利亚首府为堪培拉，拥有26万人口和众多现代化建筑。B. Melbourne和C. Sydney 均为澳大利亚城市 D. Edinburgh为苏格兰首府。考察对象国地理知识。
35.【答案B】《简爱》的作者是夏洛特勃朗特。A. Emily Bronte 代表作为《呼啸山庄》，C. Jane Austin是英国著名现实主义小说的代表人物，其代表作为《傲慢与偏见》，D. Anne Bronte 为勃朗特姐妹之一，也是一位作家。
考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案B】《虹》是劳伦斯的代表作，代表了他的最高成就。考察英国文学知识。
37.【答案B】1860-1914年是美国文学史上的现实主义阶段。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案B】奥斯汀提出了“Speech act (以言行事)”理论，他认为说话本身是一种行为，一种人做的事情。A.Grice提出了“合作原则”，C. Chomsky是转换生成语法的创始人，D.Halliday则是系统功能语法的创始人。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案C】根据发音方式判断[V]不是爆破音。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案D】两者属于相反的反义关系，两个词之间并不是一种肯定和否定的关系，表现的是两个实体之间关系的颠倒。考察语言学知识。
5.
31.In law British Prime Minister is appointed by ______.
A. the monarch
B. the House of Lords
C. the House of Common
D. the Speaker
32.The population of the United States is ______.
A. 265 million
B. 285 million
C. 300 million
D. 383 million
33. In 1788 Australia was settled by the British as a colony founded to ______.
A. receive free settlers
B. supply Britain with wood and food
C. receive convicts from Britain
D. expand British’s imperial power
34. The largest city in New Zealand is______.
A. Dunedin
B. Auckland
C. Wellington
D. Christchurch
35.Robert Burns was a Scottish poet in the ______period.
A. Renaissance
B. Romantic
C. Neoclassical
D. Victorian
36.In Oscar Wilde’s masterpiece ______, he expressed a satirical attitude towards the upper-class people.
A. The Silver Box
B.The Importance of Being Earnest
C. Strife
D. The Playboy of the Western World
37._____ always used “i” instead of “I” to refer to himself as a protest against
self-importance.
A. Ezra Pound
B. Robert Frost
B. Wallace Stevens D. E. E. Cummings
38. The ______ of a language is the system and pattern of the speech sounds used in that particular language.
A. phonology
B. phonetics
C. morphology
D. syntax
39.The relationship between “vegetable” and “eggplant” is ______.
A. hyponymy
B. polysemy
C. homonymy
D. synonymy
40.The violation of Grice’s Cooperative Principles produces ______.
A. utterance meaning
B. conversational implicatures
C. indirect speech act
D. speech act theory
31.【答案A】英国政体从1688年至今一直沿用君主立宪制，国王是国家元首，形式上有权任免首相。考察英国政治体制知识。
32.【答案B】美国现有一百多个民族，共有人口2.85亿，仅次于中国、印度，居世界第三位。考察美国民族知识。
33.【答案C】1788年，英国开始在澳大利亚建立殖民地，作为英国的囚犯流放地。考察对象国历史知识。
34.【答案B】惠灵顿是新西兰首府，A. Dunedin是新西兰南岛的一个港市，B. Auckland新西兰最大的城市，D. Christchurch，名为“花园城”是新西兰南岛最大城市。考察对象国地理知识。
35.【答案B】罗伯特.彭斯是英格兰浪漫主义时期的著名农民诗人。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案B】奥斯卡王尔德的《认真的重要》(1895)运用机智和幽默，讥讽了十九世纪末伦敦上层社会的悠闲寄生生活和绅士淑女们的玩世不恭。考察英国文学知识。
37.【答案D】肯明斯是二十世纪最具创新性的诗人之一。他在文字上通过独特的断句，拼词造句和标点大小写来控制诗歌的视觉效果。考察美国文学知识。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案A】音位学研究的是人类语言中言语语音的体系和模式。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案A】这两个词分别表示逻辑上的属概念和种概念，因而两词之间存在上下义关系。B. polysemy 为多义词，C. homonymy 为同音异义词，D. synonymy为同义词。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案B】违背格莱斯的合作原则便会产生会话意义，这便是说话人有意通过违反准则让对方体会到的言外之意。A. utterance meaning为会话意义，C. indirect speech act为间接言语行为理论，即“通过实施另一种言语行为来间接实施某言语行为，D. speech act theory为言语行为理论，主要研究怎样用语言实施行为。考察语言学知识。
6.
31.______ is uniquely related to the Crown.
A. The Methodist Church
B. The Roman Catholic Church
C. Church of England
D. Church of Scotland
32.According to the Marshall Plan, the US decided to offer economic aid to _______.
A. Asia
B. Latin America
C. North America
D. Western Europe
33. ______ is the National day of the Australia.
A. January 26
B. February 26
C. July 27
D. August 27
34. Nearly 75% of the population of New Zealand lives in ______.
A. South Island
B. North Island
C. Stewart Island
D. Chatham Island
35.Beowulf is the greatest epic in ______.
A. Anglo-Saxon times
B. the Roman Occupation
C. the Middle Ages
D. the Renaissance
36.______ is hailed as the literary spokesman of the Jazz Age.
A. F. Scott Fitzgerald
B. William Faulkner
C. John Steinbeck
D. Earnest Hemingway
37.E. M. Foster’s masterpiece is ______.
A. A Passage to India
B. Pilgrimage
C. Mrs. Dalloway
D. Rainbow
38. Vibration of the vocal cords results in ______.
A. voicing
B. aspiration
C. obstruction
D. nasality
39.Transformational-generative grammar is developed by _____.
A. Chomsky
B. Halliday
C.Bloomfield
D. Saussure
40.______ is a word formed by clipping.
A.hippo
B. smog
C. AIDS
D. edit
31.【答案C】Church of England (英国国教)在政治上和管理上与王室有着密切的关系。考察英国历史和宗教知识。
32.【答案D】马歇尔计划于1947年由美国国务卿马歇尔将军发布，目的是重振欧洲经济，并向欧洲国家输出美国资本。考察美国历史知识。
33.【答案A】1月26日为澳大利亚国庆日。考察对象国文化知识。
34.【答案B】约占75%的新西兰人居住在北岛。考察对象国人口知识。
35.【答案A】《贝奥武夫》是盎格鲁-萨克森时代的民族史诗。公元前10世纪成文之前口头流传了数百年。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案A】菲茨杰拉德的创作倾向与迷惘的一代相似，表现第一次世界大战后年轻的一代对美国所抱的理想的幻灭。他的代表作为《了不起的盖茨比》表现了“美国梦“的破灭。考察美国文学知识。
37.【答案A】福斯特的代表作是《印度之行》(1924)，该书为二十世纪最后一本成功的传统小说。考察英国文学知识。
38.【答案A】发音时声带振动为浊辅音，不振动为清辅音。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案A】语言学大师乔姆斯基是转换生成语法的创始人。C. Bloomfield和D. Saussure为结构主义语言学创始人。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案A】把单词的一个或几个音节截除后所剩的缩略词，叫clipped words(截短词)，hippo是由hippopotamus截短而来。A. smog 是由smoke + fog拼缀而成(blending),B.AIDS是Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome的首字母缩写词(acronym)，D.edit是 editor后生(back-formation)而来。考察语言学知识。
7.
31.While ______ was in power, the British Empire was honored as “The Sun Never Set Empire”.
A. Queen Victoria
B. Queen Elizabeth
C. Queen Elizabeth II
D. George III
32. Higher education began in the United States with the founding of ______.
A. Yale
B. Harvard
C. Princeton
D. MIT
33.The largest city in Canada is ______.
A. Toronto
B. Quebec
C. Ottawa
D. Vancouver
34.______ is the largest and strongest part in Australian economy.
A. Banking
B. Tourism
C. Food processing
D. IT industry
35.______ is a popular literary form in English Renaissance period.
A. Novel
B. Epic
C. Romance
D. Drama
36.In the Romantic Period, _____defines poetry as “the spontaneous overflow of powerful feelings”.
A. Shelly
B. Coleridge
C. Keats
D. Wordsworth
37.The Romantic period of American literature started with ______.
A. The Adventure of Huckleberry Finn
B. Leather-stocking Tales
C. The Scarlet Letter
D. Sketch Book
38. Two allophones of the same phoneme are said to be in ______.
A. minimal pair
B. complimentary distribution
C. phonemic contrast
D. contrastive distribution
39.Semantics is defined as the study of the ______ of language.
A. rules
B. naming
C. meaning
D. all of the above
40.______ is the bringing of effects on the audience by means of uttering the sentence.
A. a perlocutionary act
B. a locutionary act
C. an illocutionary act
D. a prelocutionary act
31.【答案A】维多利亚女王在位的63年 (1837—1901) 间英国各方面蓬勃发展，海外扩张达到了高潮，大英帝国号称“日不落帝国”。考察英国历史知识。
32.【答案B】哈佛大学创建于1636年，是美国历史最为悠久的大学。A. Yale耶鲁大学，C. Princeton 普林斯顿大学和D. MIT麻省理工学院均为美国知名大学。考察美国教育史。
33.【答案A】多伦多是加拿大最大的城市，重要港口和全国金融、商业、工业、文化中心之一。B. Quebec 为加拿大一省份，C. Ottawa渥太华和D. Vancouver温哥华均为加拿大的重要城市。考察对象国地理知识。
34.【答案B】澳大利亚旅游资源很丰富，著名旅游城市和景点遍布全国，每年大批游客前往观光，因而其旅游收入颇丰。考察对象国资源知识。
35.【答案D】伊丽莎白时代的戏剧代表了英国文艺复兴时期文学创作的最高成就，其中该时代后期莎士比亚的戏剧将英国文艺复兴戏剧推向了高潮。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案D】华兹华斯作为英国浪漫派诗歌理论的创始人，认为一切好的诗歌都是“强烈感情的自然流露”。考察英国文学知识。
37.【答案D】华盛顿欧文的《见闻札记》(1820)的出版标志着美国浪漫主义文学的开始，也开创了美国短篇小说的传统。考察美国文学知识。
38. 【答案B】如果两个基本相似的音阶绝不会出现在相同的语音环境中，那么它们之间就是互补性分布的关系。A. minimal pair 为最小语音对，C. phonemic contrast为音素对比，D. contrastive distribution为对比性分布。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案C】语义学研究的是语言的意义。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案A】言后行为指话语在听者身上产生的效果。B. a locutionary act
为言内行为，C. an illocutionary act为言外行为，D. a prelocutionary act
为言后行为。考察语言学知识。
8.
31.The oldest university in England is ______.
A. Oxford
B. Cambridge
C. The University of Glasgow
D. The University of St. Andrews
32.After President Jefferson bought the Louisiana territory from ______, there was a strong desire for territorial expansion among many frontier men.
A. England
B. Spain
C. Russia
D. France
33.In April 1945, a conference was called at _____- to organize the United Nations.
A. Los Angeles
B. San Francisco
C. Honolulu
D. Washington
34.The Vietnam War ended when President _____ was in power.
A. Nixon
B. Kennedy
C. Truman
D. Carter
35.Wuthering Heights is the masterpiece of ______.
A. Emily Bronte
B. Charlotte Bronte
C. Anne Bronte
D. Emily Dickinson
36.Most of Thomas Hardy’s work showed his ______ view of life.
A. optimistic
B. pessimistic
C. practical
D. satirical
37.Which is not written by Mark Twain? _______.
A. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer
B. Innocents Abroad
C. Red Badge of Courage
D. The Gilded Age
38. Which of the following word is created through the process of acronym?
A. WHO
B. smog
C. TV
D. ad
39.______ is an example of indirect speech act.
A. Good afternoon
B. Could you please close the door?
C. What’s his age?
D. Tell him to see me in my office this afternoon.
40.______ Maxim requires people to be orderly and avoid ambiguity in their speech.
A. Quantity
B. Quality
C. Manner
D. Relation
8.
31.【答案A】牛津大学创建于1167年，当时Henry II(亨利二世)下令召回正在巴黎留学的英国学生，为了安置他们，便创立了牛津大学，牛津大学是英国历史最悠久的大学。考察英国教育历史知识。
32.【答案D】1803年，美国利用拿破仑战败，购买了法国在北美的殖民地Louisiana (路易斯安娜)。考察美国历史知识。
33.【答案B】1945年48个国家在旧金山召开了联合国成立大会。中国共产党派董必武出席会议并在联合国宪章上签字。考察历史知识。
34.【答案A】越南战争于1973年1月结束，正值尼克松总统当政。考察美国历史知识。
35.【答案A】《呼啸山庄》是艾米莉勃朗特的成名之作。B. Charlotte Bronte为勃朗特三姐妹之一，代表作为《简爱》，C. Anne Bronte 为另一位姐妹，也是一位作家，D. Emily Dickinson为美国一位现代派先驱女诗人。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案B】托马斯哈代作为英国伟大的现实主义小说家和诗人，其作品表现了他悲观主义的世界观。其代表作为《德伯家的苔丝》。考察英国文学知识。
37.【答案C】《红色英勇勋章》( Red Badge of Courage)是克莱恩 (Stephen Crane) 1895年的作品，它堪称战争小说的楷模。A. The Adventure of Tom Sawyer《汤姆索亚历险记》, B. Innocents Abroad 《傻子出国旅行记》和D. The Gilded Age《镀金时代》均为马克吐温作品。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案A】WHO (World Health Organization) 是首字母缩写词。B. smog 为smoke + fog拼缀(blending) 而成，C. TV为television一词截短(clipping)而来，D. ad为advertisement一词截短而来。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案B】通过实施另一种言语能力来间接地实施某一种言语行为，这种现象可称之为间接言语行为，如 could you please close the door? 询问听者是否介意关门，其实是在礼貌地提出请求。A. Good afternoon为问候语，C. What’s hi s age? 为特殊疑问句，D. Tell him to see me in my office this afternoon.为祈使句，都是直接言语行为。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案C】方式准则要求避免语言无条理，含糊不清。A. Quantity数量原则要求话语应包含交谈所需要的信息内容，B. Quality质量原则要求话语尽量真实，D. Relation 相关原则要求话语和话题相关。考察语言学知识。
9
31.The Industrial Revolution in England took place in the latter half of the ______ century.
A.16th
B. 17th C 18th D.19th
32.The ______ has the power to interpret the Constitution.
A. House of Representatives
B. Senate
C. President
D. Supreme Court
33._____ first sailed around the earth and ______ discovered the American continent.
A. John Cobot/ Christopher Columbus
B. Magellan/Christopher Columbus
C. Amerigo Vespuci/Magellan
D. Christopher Columbus/John Cobot
34. Canada is the largest exporter of ______.
A. lumber
B. furs
C. fish
D. fruit
35.The following are novelist of the Victorian period except______.
A. Charles Dickens
B.George Eliot
C.Henry James
D.William Thackeray
36.Theodore Dreiser’s Trilogy of Desire contains the following except ______.
A. The Financier
B. The Tycoon
C. The Stoic
D. The Titan
37.______ was awarded the Nobel Prize for literature for his “mastery of the art of modern narration” in 1954.
A. William Faulkner
B. Earnest Hemingway
C. John Steinback
D. John Passos
38. The plural affix in the word teachers is a/n ______.
A. free morphemes
B. stem
C. inflectional affix
D. derivational affix
39. The part of the grammar that represents a speaker’s knowledge of the structure of phrases and sentences is called ______.
A. lexicology
B.semantics
C.syntax
D.morphology
40.______ studies how context influences the usage and interpretation of language and meaning.
A. Applied linguistics
B. Sociolingustics
C. Pragmatics
D. Syntax
9
31.【答案C】英国工业革命始于十八世纪后半期。考察英国历史知识。
32.【答案D】根据美国政治体制，最高法院具有解释宪法的权利。B. Senate参议院为立法机构，C. President是最高行政首长，可行使行政权，D. Supreme Court最高法院具有司法权。考察美国政治体制知识。
33. 【答案B】麦哲伦第一个绕地球航行，哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲大陆。考察历史知识。
34.【答案A】加拿大森林资源十分丰富，其木材出口量居世界首位。考察对象国资源知识。
35.【答案C】亨利詹姆斯是十九世纪末二十世纪初英国杰出小说家。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案D】德莱塞的《欲望三部曲》包括《金融家》、《巨人》和《斯多葛》，描绘了一个垄断资本家豺狼般的一生。考察美国文学知识。
37.【答案B】1954年海明威获诺贝尔文学奖。他的代表作有《太阳照样升起》，《永别了，武器》，《丧钟为谁而鸣》，他的作品风格独特，文笔精练。考察美国文学知识。
38. 【答案C】“s”在“teachers”中是屈折词缀，是确定或限定词的语法意义的。A. free morphemes 为自由词素，B. stem为词根，D. derivational affix为派生词缀，如，名词后缀“er”。考察语言学知识。
39. 【答案C】句法学研究句子结构及词、词组构成句子的规则。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案C】语用学研究人们如何利用语言来进行交际，通过语境来理解和使用语言。考察语言学知识。
10
31.Of all the fifty states in the United States, ____is the largest in area.
A. California
B. Texas
C. Alaska
D. New Mexico
32.Australia was first discovered by ______in the early ________.
A. English; 1600s
B. French; 1600s
C. Dutch; 1500s
D. Dutch, 1600s
33.The origins of most Canadians are ______.
A. British
B. French
C. American D both A and B
34. Now in the United States, people usual ly spend Veterans’ Day by______.
A. keeping two minutes of silence at home at 11:00 AM
B. holding veteran’s parade
C. visiting the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier in Arlington National Cemetery
D. holding public ceremonies
35. ______has been regarded by Walt Scott as “Father of the English Novel.”
A. Daniel Defoe
B. Jonathan Swift
C. Henry Fielding
D. John Bunyan
36.______ was “The Father of American Short Stories”
A. Washington Irving
B.Edgar Allen Poe
C.O. Henry
D.Mark Twain
37.Of the following, ____established “American Psychological Romances”.
A. Nathaniel Hawthorne
B. Ralph Emerson
C. James Cooper
D. Henry Thoreau
38. Children can speak before they can read or write shows that ______.
A. language is basically vocal
B. language is arbitrary
C. language is used for communication
D. language is productive
39.Pragmatics differs from traditional semantics in that it studies meaning not in isolation, but in ______.
A. relationship
B. dependence
C. sentence
D. context
40.”Fat” and ‘thin” are a pair of ______opposites.
A. gradable
B. complementary
C. complete
D. relational
31.【答案A】美国面积最大的州是加利福尼亚州。考察美国地理知识。
32.【答案D】1616年荷兰人首先开始进入澳大利亚大陆对其进行开拓。考察对象国历史知识。
33.【答案D】大多数加拿大人是英国和法国人的后代，早在十七世纪英国人和法国人便在加拿大定居了。考察对象国历史知识。
34.【答案A】在美国，人们在“退伍军人节”默哀二分钟以纪念在战争中阵亡的将士。考察美国习俗。
35.【答案C】亨利菲尔丁代表了十八世纪英国小说的最高成就。沃特司各特称其为“英国小说之父”。考察英国文学知识。
36.【答案B】埃德加爱伦坡是“美国短篇小说之父”, 他的作品创造了一种超自然的恐怖气氛，探讨了人的扭曲心理。他也是侦探小说的鼻祖。考察美国文学知识。
37.【答案A】A. Nathaniel Hawthorne是“美国心理浪漫小说”的先驱。B. Ralph Emerson和D. Henry Thoreau是美国超验主义的代表人物，C. James Cooper 把美国开拓边疆的历史展示在读者面前。考察美国文学知识。
38.【答案A】语言本身是人类在交际中使用的一套任意的声音符号系统。考察语言学知识。
39.【答案D】语义学研究的是语言的意思，这种意思是通过对表述分析得到的意思，而语用学研究的是研究语言是如何被人们使用来进行交际的，研究如何通过语境来理解和使用语言。考察语言学知识。
40.【答案A】“fat” and “thin”之间的关系并非独立的，而是相对的，因而它们之间的反义关系是可分等级的。考察语言学知识。B. Complementary(非此即彼型，如“dead” and “alive” )和 D. relational(矛盾型，如“employer” and “employee”)是反义词的另外两种类型。
2018 英语专八阅读练习题及答案 英语专业八级针对的对象是英语及相关专业大四学生。非英语及相 关专业与非在校生无法参加考试。英语专业八级考试(TEM-8),全称为 全国高校英语专业八级考试。应届毕业生网小编为大家整理了2018 英 语专八阅读练习题及答案汇总，供各位考生参考。 Exploration of the Titanic After resting on the ocean floor, split asunder and rusting, for nearly three-quarters of a century, a great ship seemed to cone alive again. The saga of the White Star liner Titanic, which struck an iceberg and sank on its maiden voyage in 1912, carrying more than 1,500 passengers to their death, has been celebrated in print and on film, in poetry and song. But last week what had been legendary suddenly became real. As they viewed videotapes and photographs of the sunken leviathan, millions of people around the world could sense her mass, her eerie quiet and the ruined splendor of a lost age. Watching on television, they vicariously joined the undersea craft Alvin and Jason Jr. (J.J.) as they toured the wreckage of the luxury liner, wandering across the decks past corroded bollards, peering into the officers quarters and through rust-curtained portholes. Views of the railings where doomed passengers and crewmembers stood evoked images of the moonless night 74years ago when the great ship slipped beneath the waves. The two-minute videotape and nine photographs, all in color and shot 12,500ft.under the North Atlantic, were a tiny sample of 60 hours of video and 60,000 stills garnered during the twelve-day exploration. They are released at a Washington press conference conducted by Marine Geologist Robert Ballard, 44, who led the teams from the Wood Hole Oceanographic
专八人文知识(练习题) 篇一：★英语专八人文知识题与答案 英语专业八级人文知识 试题(1) 美国概况练习题： 1. The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____. 2. The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____. 3. The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____. 4. Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____. has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party. 6. The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____. years. institutions. 9. The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________. 10. _____ (which state ) is not governed by the common law. 练习题答案及题解:
QUESTION BOOKLET 试卷 用后随即销毁。 严禁保留、出版或复印。 TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018) -GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIIT: 150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MINI-LECTURE You have THIRTY sec onds to preview the gap-filli ng task. Now liste n to the min i-lecture. When it is over, you will be give n THREE mi nu tes to check your work. SECTION B INTERVIEW In this secti on you will hear ONE in terview. The in terview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questi ons will be asked about what was said. Both the in terview and the questi ons will be spoke n ONCE ONL Y. After each questio n there will be a ten-sec ond pause. Duri ng the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best an swer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO. You have THIRTY sec onds to preview the choices. Now, liste n to the first in terview. Questi ons 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the in terview. Now liste n to the in terview. A. Announ ceme nt of results.
英语专八人文知识考试总结 1 专八考试人文知识考试内容总结 其中英美文学包括英国文学和美国文学。英国文学主要分为六个时期： 1. Old and Medieval English Literature（中古英国文学）。 2. The Renaissance Period（文艺复兴时期）。 3. The Neoclassical Period（新古典主义时期）。 4. The Romantic Period（维多利亚时期）。 5. The Victorian Period（维多利亚时期）。 6. The Modern Period（现代时期）。 美国文学主要分为四个时期： 1. The Literature Around the Revolution of Independence（独立革命前后的文学）。 2. American Romanticism（美国浪漫主义文学）。 3. American Realism（美国现实主义文学）。 4. American Modernism（美国现代主义文学）。 语言学，考生不光要知道语言的本质还要掌握语音学，音位学，形态学，句法学，语义学和语言学的知识。 关于英语国家概况，英语专业的学生都会开设英美概况这门课程，但是专八考试的中需要考生了解的是英语国家概况，不光包括英国和美国，还有其他一些说英语的地区，包括爱尔兰概况，加拿大概况，澳大利亚概况和新西兰概况。 3专八人文知识:英国地理概况 the english channel: the channel is a narrow sea passage which separates england and france
He was an old man with a white beard and huge nose and hands. Long before the time during which we will know him, he was a doctor and drove a jaded white horse from house to house through the streets of Winesburg. Later he married a girl who had money. She had been left a large fertile farm when her father died. The girl was quiet, tall, and dark, and to many people she seemed very beautiful. Everyone in Winesburg wondered why she married the doctor. Within a year after the marriage she died. The knuckles of the doctor's hands were extraordinarily large. When the hands were closed they looked like clusters of unpainted wooden balls as large as walnuts fastened together by steel rods. He smoked a cob pipe and after his wife's death sat all day in his empty office close by a window that was covered with cobwebs. He never opened the window. Once on a hot day in August he tried but found it stuck fast and after that he forgot all about it. Winesburg had forgotten the old man, but in Doctor Reefy there were the seeds of something very fine. Alone in his musty office in the Heffner Block above the Paris Dry Goods Company's store, he worked ceaselessly, building up something that he himself destroyed. Little pyramids of truth he erected and after erecting knocked them down again that he might have the truths to erect other pyramids. Doctor Reefy was a tall man who had worn one suit of clothes for ten years. It was frayed at the sleeves and little holes had appeared at the knees and elbows. In the office he wore also a linen duster with huge pockets into which he continually stuffed scraps of paper. After some weeks the scraps of paper became little hard round balls, and when the pockets were filled he dumped them out upon the floor. For ten years he had but one friend, another old man named John Spaniard who owned a tree nursery. Sometimes, in a playful mood, old Doctor Reefy took from his pockets a handful of the paper balls and threw them at the nursery man. "'That is to confound you, you blithering old sentimentalist," he cried, shaking with laughter. The story of Doctor Reefy and his courtship of the tall dark girl who became his wife and left her money to him is a very curious story. It is delicious, like the twisted little apples that grow in the orchards of Winesburg. In the fall one walks in the orchards and the ground is hard with frost underfoot. The apples have been taken from the trees by the pickers. They have been put in barrels and shipped to the cities where they will be eaten in apartments that are filled with books, magazines, furniture, and people. On the trees are only a few gnarled apples that the pickers have rejected. They look like the knuckles of Doctor Reefy’ s hands. One nibbles at them
大学英语专业八级之人文知识：英国地理3 1.1 2. What is the directive function? The “directive function” means that language may be used to get the hearer to do something. Most imperative sentences perform this function, e. g., “Tell me the result when you finish.” Other syntactic structures or sentences of other sorts can, according to J.Austin and J.Searle’s “indrect speech act theory”(see Hu Zhuanglin et al.,pp271-278) at least, serve the purpose of direction too, e.g., “If I were you, I would have blushed to the bottom of my ears!” 1.13.What is the informative function? Language serves an “informational function” when used to tell something, characterized by the use of declarative sentences. Informative statements are often labelled as true(truth) or false(falsehood). According to P.Grice’s “Cooperative Principle”(see Hu Zhuanglin et al., pp282-283), one ought not to violate the “Maxim of Quality”, when he is informing at all. 1.14.What is the interrogative function? When language is used to obtain information, it serves an “interrogative function”. This includes all questions that expect replies, statements, imperatives etc., according to the “indirect speech act theory”, may have this function as well, e.g., “I’d like to know you better.” This may bring forth a lot of personal information. Note that rhetorical questions make an exception, since they demand no answer, at least not the reader’s/listener’s answer. 1.15.What is the expressive function? The “expressive function”is the use of language to reveal something about the feelings or attitudes of the speaker. Subconscious emotional ejaculations are good examples, like “Good heavens!”“My God!” Sentences like “I’m sorry about the delay” can serve as good examples too, though in a subtle way. While language is used for the informative function to pass judgement on the truth or falsehood of statements, language used for the expressive function evaluates, appraises or asserts the speaker’s own attitudes. 1.16.What is the evocative function? The “evocative function” is the use of language to create certain feelings in the hearer. Its aim is , for example, to amuse, startle, antagonize, soothe, worry or please. Jokes(not practical jokes, though) are supposed to amuse or entertain the listener; advertising to urge customers to purchase certain commodities; propaganda to influence public opinion. Obviously, the expressive and the evocative functions often go together, i.e., you may express, for example, your personal feelings about a political issue but end up by evoking the same feeling in, or imposing it on, your listener. That’s also the case with the other way round. 1.17.What is the performative function? This means people speak to “do things” or perform actions. On certain occasions the utterance itself as an action is more important than what words or sounds constitute the uttered sentence. When asked if a third Yangtze bridge ought to be built in Wuhan, the mayor may say “OK”, which means more than speech, and more than
2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试 题及答案5 I think it is true to saying that, in general, language teachers (26) have paid little attention to the way sentences are used in combination to form stretches of disconnected discourse. They have tended to take (27) their cue from the grammarian and have concentrated to the teaching (28) of sentences as self-contained units. It is true that these are often represented in "contexts" and strung together in dialogues and (29) reading passages, but these are essentially setting to make the formal properties of the sentences stand out more clearly, properties which are then established in the learners brain(30) by means of practice drill and exercises. Basically, the language teaching unit is the (31)
The Ren aissa nee is actually a moveme nt stimulated by a series of historical eve nts. which one of the followi ng is not such an eve nt Which of the following is regarded as the most successful religious allegory in the En glish Ian guage. A.The Pilgrim's Progress B. Grace Abo unding to the Chief of Sinners C. The Life and Death of Mr. Badma n D. The Holy War It is alone who, for the first time in English literature, presented to us a comprehensive realistic picture of the English society of his time and created a whole gallery of vivid characters from all walks of life. A.Geoffrey Chaucer B. Martin Luther C. William Langland D. John Gower All of the following four except are the most eminent dramatists in the Ren aissa nee En gla nd. A.Francis Baco n B. Christopher Marlowe C. William Shakespeare D. Ben Jonson It is gen erally regarded that Keats's most importa nt and mature poems are in the form of . A.elegy B. ode C. epic D. sonnet Daniel Defoe's no vels mainly focus on A.the struggle of the un fortun ate for mere existe nd B.the struggle of the shipwrecked pers ons for security C.the struggle of the pirates for wealth D.the desire of the crimi nals for property In Beowulf, fought aga inst the mon ster Gren del and a five breath ing drag on. A. the An glo-Sax ons B. Beowulf C. the Scandin avia n D. the Win ter Drago n Fran cis Bac on is best known for his which greatly in flue need the developme nt of this literary form. A. essays B. poems C. works D plays Most of Thomas Hardy's no vels are set in Wessex . A. a crude region in England B. a fictional primitive region C. a remote rural area D. Hardy's hometow n We can perhaps describe the west wind in Shelley's poem "Ode to the West Wind" with all the followi ng terms except . A. swift B. proud C. tamed D. wild "Blindness", "partiality", "prejudice", and "absurdity" in the novel "Pride and Prejudice" are most likely the characteristics of . A. Elizabeth B. Darcy C. Mr. Be nnet D. Mrs. Bennet The moder n En glish no vel came into being |n A. the middle of the 17th cen tury B. the 17th ce ntury
2003年英语专业八级真题试卷 [真题] 120 PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. 第1题： Which of the following statements about offices is NOT true according to the talk? A.Offices throughout the world are basically alike. B.There are primarily two kinds of office layout. C.Office surroundings used to depend on company size. D.Office atmosphere influences workers' performance. 第2题： We can infer from the talk that harmonious work relations may have a direct impact on your A.promotion. B.colleagues. C.management. D.union. 第3题： Supposing you were working in a small firm, which of the following would you do when you had some grievances? A.Request a formal special meeting with the boss. B.Draft a formal agenda for a special meeting. C.Contact a consultative committee first. D.Ask to see the boss for a talk immediately. 第4题： According to the talk, the union plays the following roles EXCEPT A.mediation.
社会生活类（Passage63～70） Passage63 题材：社会生活类字数：686建议用时：6分钟 From a hillside,Kamal Saadat looked forlornly at hundreds of potential customers,knowing he could not take them for trips in his boat to enjoy a spring weekend on picturesque Oroumieh Lake,the third largest saltwater lake on earth, which now lay encased by solidifying salt.Saadat lamented that he could not understand why the lake was fading away. The long popular lake,home to migrating flamingos,pelicans and gulls,has shrunken by60percent and could disappear entirely in just a few years—drained by drought,misguided irrigation policies,development and the damming of rivers that feed it. Until two years ago,Saadat supplemented his income from almond-and grape-growing by taking tourists on boat tours.But as the lake receded and its salinity rose,he found he had to stop the boat every10minutes to unfoul the propeller—and finally,he had to give up this second job that he'd used to support a five-member family.The visitors were not enjoying such a boring trip,for they had to cross hundreds of meters of salty lakebed just to reach the boat from the wharf. Other boatmen,too,have parked their vessels by their houses,where they stand as sad reminders of the deep-water days.And the lake's ebbing affects an ever-widening circle.
美国概况 练习题： 1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west” is_____. 2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is ____. 3 The largest racial group in the whole population of U.S.A is____. 4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States is____. 5 ____has the world’s oldest written constitution and political party. 6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved by____. 7 In the United States, primary education requires____years. 8 Most college students in the United States are in____institutions. 9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America are____________. 10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law. 练习题答案及题解: 1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界线。 2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最早被早期定居者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。 3 .Non-hispanics white，非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体。 4 .African Americans，2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。2000年以后，拉丁裔美国人的人数超过了非裔美国人的人数，成为美国第一大少数民族群体。 5 .America，美国拥有世界上最古老的宪法和政党。 6. World War II，第二次世界大战的爆发帮助美国走出了经济困境。 7. Six years，美国的小学要花费大约六年的时间。 8. Public，大部分美国大学生都在公立学校就读。 9 .美国的联邦法院系统包括：the United States District Courts; the United States Courts of Appeal ; the United States Supreme Court. 10 .Louisana，路易斯安娜州不受共同法的约束。 美国概况 练习题： 1 Of the fifty states of America, _____states now have the death penalty as punishment. 2 The four major regions of the United Sates are________________________________. 3 ______ region’s culture character was shaped largely by Puritan spirit. 4 ______is the largest state in terms of size and population in America. 5＂Hollywood＂is often used as a synonym for_____ 6 The most important and largest river in the United States of America is_____. 7 The north-eastern part of the United States ――New England enjoys a _____climate. 8 To the west of mainland American lies the _____ Ocean. 9 Detroit, a U.S. city bordering Lake Erie, is famous for its_____. 10 The natives of the continent of the America are the_____. 练习题答案及题解: 1．38, 美国现有38个州惩罚罪犯采用死刑。 2 ．Northeast, South, Midwest and West, 美国的主要四大部分不包括北部。 3．The New England Region, 美国的新英格兰地区，也就是东北部地区深受清教思想的影响。
（英语专业八级考试全真模拟试卷） TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJIORS -----GRANT EIGHT---- TIME LIMIT: 70 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (15 MIN) SECTION A INTERVIEW In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview, you will be given 10 seconds t o answer each of the following 5 questions. Now listen to the interview. ( ) 1. According to Richard, what was the concept of health before the 1940s? [A] Mechanical operation of the body. [B] Absence of disease or illness. [C] Physical, mental and social well-being. [D] Clean water, improved sanitation and housing. ( ) 2. When did the Who define health in terms of the holist ic operation of a person ’s mind, body and sprite? [A] In the 1940s. [B] In the 1970s. [C] In the 1980s. [D] In the 1990s. ( ) 3. What attitude does Richard hold toward individualistic lifestyles approach? [A] Supportive. [B] Prejudiced. [C] Negative. [D] Confused. ( ) 4. According to the socio-ecological view of health. All of the following relate to people ’health EXCEPT [A] Society. [B] Gender. [C] Economy. [D] Environment. ( ) 5. Which city holed the first International Conference of Health Promotion in 1986? [A] London. [B] Tokyo. [C] New York. [D] Ottawa. SECTION B GAP-FILLING In this section, you will hear a mini-lecture; you will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete the gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given 2 minutes to check and complete the gap-filling task. Now listen to the mini-lecture. More than 40 years ago, Lee Kuan Yew 6________what was a poor, decaying colony into a shining, rich and modern city, all the time 7________by hostile powers. With his brilliant intellect and powers of 8________, he is one of the world ’s most b lunt and 9__________statemen. One of the 10__________successes of Lee Kuan Yew ’s 1 1________of Singapore was his making Singapore the least corrupt nation in Asia. He says, “They must be 12________a wage equal with what men of their ability and integrity are earning for managing a big corporation or13__________legal or other professional practice. They have to manage a Singapore economy NAME: NUMBER: ________________