Chapter One Travel
一．课文重点词语与短语
plan 计划 plan to do sth. 计划去做某事
offer 提供 offer sb. sth. = offer sth. to sb.
provide 提供 provide sth for sb = provide sb with sth
shop 购物 shop for sth = buy sth
Why not do sth? =Why don’t you do sth 为什么不做…
used to do sth 过去常常做某事
be/get used to doing sth 习惯于做某事
the same as…和…一样
be famous for sth = be well-know for sth 以…闻名
be famous as 作为…而著名
help sb （to ）do sth 帮助某人做某事
help sb with sth 帮助某人做某事
one of + 可数名词复数…之一，其中之一
二．语法：冠词a,an,与the 的用法
★不定冠词a/an的用法主要有：
1．泛指表示"某一个"，用于可数名词单数前。如： We need a rent to live in. 2．与可数名词单数连用，表示类别。如：
1) I'm a student.(是学生而不是其他人。)
2) An elephant is much bigger than a tiger.
3．在某些词组中，代替介词per，作“每一”讲。如： twice a day, 5 dollars
a kilo
I play computer games once a week.
注意: a /an 的区别
a 用在辅音开头的单词前：a cat, a useful book
an 用在元音发音的单词前：an English book, an interesting story, an honest boy, an important party, an ugly man…
★定冠词the的用法主要有：
1. 表示特指某人或某物。如：
The notebook on the desk is mine.
Beijing is the capital of China.
2. 表示上文提过的人或事物。如：
There is a cat under the chair. The cat is black and white. 3. 表示世界上独一无二的东西。如：
the earth, the sun…
4. 用于说话双方都知道的名词前。如：
Let's go for a picnic, shall we?
5. 用在作定语的序数词前。如：
She is always the first person to come and the last one to leave.
6. 用在形容词前表示一类人。如：
the rich, the old, the sick, the deaf…
7. 用在乐器名称前。如：
play the violin(guitar, piano…)
8. 用在表示“姓”的复数名词前，表示一家人或夫妇二人。如：
The Whites are on their holiday in Canada.
9. 用在由普通名词构成表示场所的专有名词前。如：
the People's Park, the Golden Gate Bridge
10．在最高级、序数词及next，last，same等词前常用定冠词。如： The last one is the most important one.
★不用冠词的情况(零冠词的用法)主要有：
1. 在物质名词或抽象名词前。如：
Water and air are important to us.
Wisdom is better than strength.
2. 名词前面已有作定语用的this, that, these, those, my, your, some,
any等代词的情况下。如：
I want this car, not that car.
There is some water in the cup.
3. 在季节、月份、日期、星期、节日前。如：
There are four seasons: spring, summer, autumn and winter.
School begins on September 1.
March 8th is Women's Day.
特例：1)中国的传统节日要加the。如：the Spring Festival
4. 在一日三餐、球类运动和学科名词前。如：
I have breakfast at six in the morning.
They play football every day.
He prefers science to physics.
特例：当表示三餐的名词前有定语修饰时，要加不定冠词。如：
They had a good dinner yesterday.
5. 在学科前不加冠词。如：
I am good at maths and history.
6.在“专有名词+普通名词”构成的表示街道、广场、公园、桥梁等名词前；
国名和地名人名前通常也不加冠词。如：Zhongshan Road, Tian'anmen Square；China，Shenzhen，Tom
7．表示使用某种交通手段时，名词前不用冠词。如：
I usually go to my office by bus.
配套练习
1. There will be ______ interesting TV program tomorrow evening.
A. a
B. an
C. the
D. some
2. I have never seen _____ UFO in ______ sky.
A. a , the
B. an , the
C. a, a
D. the, a
3. --- Have you seen _________ umbrella here?
--- You mean _______ black one? It was here just now.
A. an; the
B. the; a
C. an; a
D. the; the
4 . _______ Biology is ______ science of ________life.
A. /; the; /
B. /; the; the
C. The; /; /
D. The; /; the
5. The boy wrote _____ “l” and ____“u” on the blackboard.
A. a; an
B. an; an
C. a; a
D. an; a
6. Now he is ______ artist . I have known him since he was _____ one-year-old boy.
A. a; an
B. a; a
C. an; an
D. an; a
7._____Christmas Day of the western countries falls before ______Spring Festival of China.
A. /; the
B. the ; /
C. /;/
D. The ; the
8. Today is my ________happiest day because I won _____ first prize in the match.
A. the ; the
B. /; the
C. the ; /
D. /;/
9.. _____Changjiang River is ____ longest river in China.
A. The ; the
B. The ; /
C. / ; the
D. / ;/
Chapter 2 Protecting our environment
一．课文重点词语与短语
be interested in sth 对……感兴趣of course 当然
begin to do sth 开始做某事each other 相互
pass sth to sb =pass sb sth 传递某物给某人
communicate with sb 和某人交流
taste 尝起来…后跟形容词作表语
be in danger 处境危险collect stamps 搜集邮票
enjoy doing…喜欢做…enjoy oneself 玩得开心
thank sb for sth /doing sth 感谢某人做某事
make sb/sth + 动词原形使……做……
in order of 以……的顺序
类似inrerested 与interesting的形容词：excited/ exciting, tired/ tiring, surprised/ suprising, bored/ boring…
通常以-ed结尾的形容词含被动意义，表示人感到……; 以-ing 结尾的形容词汗主动意义，表示使人，令人…….
二.语法：现在进行时态
结构
be(am/is/are)+动词ing(现在分语)构成谓语be是助动词，帮助构成时态、语态及语气、否定句和疑问句
动词ing现在分词的变化规则：
1）动词+ing：do-doing teach-teaching ；
2）以一个元音字母+一个辅音字母结尾的单音节词，双写辅音字母再+ing：put-putting；
3）以字母e 结尾的，去掉e再+ing：make-making take-taking。
4）单词以辅音字母加－ie结尾，去-ie变y,
再加-ing. 如die(死亡)----dying; tie—tying
注意：表状态、感觉、情绪、精神活动的动词不可用于进行时，如：believe（相信），doubt（怀疑），hear，know，understand，belong（属于），think （认为），look（看起来），show，mind，have，sound（听起来），taste（尝起来），care，like，hate，love，
例如：Danny: The doorbell is ringing.
May: I know. I hear it.
某些趋向动词的现在进行时可表示将来……：
I’m coming.
我这就来。
I’m going/leaving.
我这就走。
同步练习
()1. —Listen! Who ______ in the room?
—Let’s go and see.
A. is crying
B. crying
C. cry
D. cries
( ) 2 . we can get some useful things ____ trees.
A .to
B .for C. with D. from
( ) 3 .You must thank the girls _____ their help.
A. for
B. to
C. on
D. about
( ) 4. We plant ______ trees in our school every year.
A . a lot B. a lot of C. a lots of D much
( ) 5.Jim and his teacher _______ over there.
A. is talk
B. are talk
C. is talking
D. are talking
( ) 6 “ Don’t always make Tim ____ this or that. He is a big boy now.” Mrs Bush said.
A. doing
B. do
C. does
D. to do
( )7 —What is the boy doing?
—He’s _______ a book. A. seeing B. reading C. looking at D. watching ( ) 8 Mr. Smith_____ to visit Beijing in two days.
A. come
B. came
C. comes
D. is coming
( ) 9. I think English is _______ than Math.
A. interestinger
B. more interesting
C. most interesting
D. more interestinger ( ) 10 We _____ a picnic next week.
A. will have
B. have
C. having
D. had
( ) 11. There _____ a football game between Italy and Germany tomorrow morning.
A. has
B. is going to be
C. will have D has been
( )12. It’s a big house _____ a garden in front of it.
A. in
B. have
C. for
D. with
()13．Will you pass that book ______ me?
A. to
B. for
C. from
D. at
()14．Rose never communicates ______ others.
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. at
( )15. Do you know what these books are useful _________?
A. to
B. for
C. with
D. at
( )16. Trees are our best fighters ________ pollution.
A. for
B. with
C. on
D. against
Chpater 3
一．课文重点词语与短语
look up 查阅human beings 人类
an amusement park 游乐园
buy sb sth = buy sth for sb 给某人买某物all year round 全年
some… others…一些……另一些……
as…as…像一样die out 灭绝
learn about sth from…从……了解某事
be born 出生after leaving school 毕业后
deliver mail 送邮件at the same time 同时
be based on 以……为基础more than 数量多于
二.语法
1 指示代词
this，that，these，those四个词都是指示代词，分别表示“这个”，“那个”，“这些”，“那些”。从中文释义上我们也能看出，它们之间是有差别的。那么，我们就来讲一讲，指示代词this，that，these，those的具体用法。
（1）this 用来指离说话者位置近的人或者物，以及时间上较近的场合。如：This is my mother.这是我妈妈。
（2）that用来指在空间或时间上离的较远的人、物和场合。如：
That is his father.那是我爸爸。
（3）these是this的复数形式，those是that的复数形式。this，that和is 连用，而these，those和are 连用。this is，these are，those are不存在缩写形式，只有that is有缩写形式，即that's。如：
These are my friends.
Those are their aunts.
That's his father. = That is his father.
指示代词的陈述句形式我们已经了解了，那么，怎样将它们改成一般疑问句呢？
我们都知道，由陈述句转换为一般疑问句时，直接将be动词提前到句首，把第一人称转换为第二人称，回答用yes或no。而在回答主语为this，that，the se，those的疑问句时，问句中的this，that在答语中要用it替代，these，those
要用they替代。如：
—Is this his father?
—Yes, it is. / No, it isn't.
—Are these your friends?
—Yes, they are. / No, they aren't.
注意：指示代词所指的事物第二次提到时，通常也是用it 代替this和that，用they 代替these 和those。
What is this？
It is a bird.
（4）this,that,those和these加名词构成一些常用短语，表示时间，指现在或过去。
this morning 今天早晨this spring 今年春天
that morning 那天早晨these days 这些天
2 可数名词与不可数名词
普通名词所表示的人或事物是可以按个数计算的，这类名词叫可数名词。可数名词分为个体名词(表示某类人或事物中的个体，如worker, farmer, desk, factory等)和集体名词(表示作为一个整体来看的一群人或一些事物，如people,family 等)。如果普通名词所表示的事物是不能按个数来计算的，这类名词就叫不可数名词。不可数名词分为物质名词(表示无法分为个体的物质，如meat, rice, water, milk, orange 等)和抽象名词(表示动作、状态、情况、品质等抽象概念，如work, homework, time, health, friendship等)。
可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。指一个人或一件事物时，用单数形式；指两个或多个人或事物时用复数形式。
（1）可数名词表示复数意义时，可用some/ many/lots of/ a lot of / a few/ few/ 修饰：many bananas ， a few pens
（2）不可数名词可以用some/ much/ lots of/ a lot of / a little/ little 修饰：much meat ，a little bread
可数名词单数变复数规则变化：
(1)一般情况在词尾加-s
map-maps, sea-seas, girl-girls, day-days
(2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词后加-es
class-classes, box-boxes, watch-watches, dish-dishes
(3)以-f或-fe结尾的词
变-f和-fe为v再加-es
leaf-leaves, thief-thieves, knife-knives, loaf-loaves, wife-wives
加-s
belief-beliefs, chief-chiefs, proof-proofs, roof-roofs, gulf-gulfs
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i加-es
party-parties, family-families, story-stories, city-cities
(5)以元音字母加y结尾的名词，或专有名词以y结尾的，加-s
toy-toys, boy-boys, day-days, ray-rays, Henry-Henrys
(6)以辅音字母加-o结尾的名词
一般加-es
hero-heroes, Negro-Negroes, potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes
不少外来词加-s
piano-pianos, photo-photos, auto-autos, kilo-kilos, solo-solos
(7)以元音字母加-o结尾的名词加-s
radio-radios, bamboo-bamboos, zoo-zoos
(8) 除人民币元、角、分外，美元、英镑、法郎等都有复数形式。
例：a dollar, two dollars;
不规则名词复数：
英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的，现归纳如下：
1改变名词中的元音字母或其他形式
man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, goose-geese, mouse-mice
2单复数相同
sheep, deer, fish, yuan, jin, Swiss, Chinese, Japanese
3只有复数形式
trousers, clothes, thanks, goods, glasses
4一些集体名词总是用作复数
people, police, cattle
注意: 记住一些特殊的名词的变化形式，如：
Chinese---Chinese Japanese---Japanese
Englishman---Englishmen Frenchman---Frenchmen
Russian---Russians American---Americans
German --- Germans
child---children foot---feet
man---men woman---women
tooth---teeth goose --- geese
deer---deer sheep---sheep
同步练习
一. 选择填空
( )1.---Would you like some tea ? ---Yes, just ________ .
A. a little
B. a few
C. a little of
D. much ( )2. --- Our new China’s full name is the People’s Republic of China.
--- Yes, it was _______ on October 1, 1949.
A. found
B. founded
C. founding
D. finding ( )3. --- What is the story about?
--- It is a detective story and is _____ a real story.
A. come from
B. based on
C. based to
D. bases on ( )4. --- How many ______are there on the table? --- There are ____.
A. glass of water / two
B. carton of milk / ten
C. baskets of oranges / two
D. bottles of oranges / ten
( )5. --- What do you usually do in the morning?
--- We often have _________ seven in the morning.
A. breakfast
B. lunch at
C. supper
D. breakfast at ( )6. I am thirsty. Would you bring me_______, please?
A. some bread
B. some tea
C. any water
D. some eggs
( )7．---What’s _____ in English? ---_____ a pair of glasses.
A．this -- It’s B、this -- That C．this --- It D．that --- That’s ( )8．Guo bought ____ in the shop last week.
A. a lot of bread and a jar of jams
B. a lot of breads and two jars of jam
C. a lot of bread and a jar jam
D. a lot of bread and two jars of jam
( )9.______ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well .
A. Thousand
B. Thousands
C. Thousand of
D. Thousands of
( )10. “What’s the _______ today ? ”---“It’s June 26. ”
A. day
B. date
C. time
D. hour
( )11. --- Hello! Who is ______? --- ______ is Mary speaking.
A. that / That
B. that / This
C. this / This
D. these / Those
( )12. They are _______ from America.
A. woman doctors
B. women doctor
C. women doctor
D. women doctors ( )13. Tom always stays at home for ______ on Sunday.
A. one and half hour
B. one and a half hour
C. one half an hour
D. one and a half hours
( )14, --- Can I help you? --- Yes, I want 2 kilograms of ______ and some ___
A. beef / egg
B. egg / beef
C. beef / eggs
D. an egg / beef
( )15. How many _______ are there in these ______?
A. tomato / photo
B. tomatoes / photoes
C. tomatos / photos
D. tomatoes / photos
解释句子(对划线部分解释).
1. Mickey Mouse comes from a real mouse.
Mickey Mouse ________ _________ _________ a real mouse.
2. Dinosaurs all became dead suddenly.
Dinosaurs _________ ___________ suddenly.
3. I am doing my homework while my dad is watching TV.
I am doing my homework.____ ______ _______ ______, my dad is watching TV.
4. When did Disney start the famous Disneyland?
When did Disney ____________the famous Disneyland?
5. Dinosaurs existed on Earth more than sixty million years.
Dinosaurs __________on Earth more than sixty million years.
6. Some dinosaurs were as small as chickens.
Some dinosaurs were _______ ________ ________ chickens.
完形填空
Walt Disney, the great film maker was born in Chicago 1____ 1901. Disney’s wish was to be a famous 2____. He took some of his pictures in the hope of getting a job. However, he had no 3 ____. They looked at his pictures and said, “Sorry, young man. We don’t think there is anything of interest in your pictures.”
Disney’s 4______tried to encourage(鼓励) him. They said, “Don’t worry, Walt. We like your 5_____. We are sure you will be well-known as 6 ____ before long.” His family was poor and he 7 ______sit in the family garage and draw pictures there. One day a mouse came and played on the floor. Disney stopped 8 _____and watched the mouse. The mouse was 9 _____, so he gave the mouse a piece of bread. Then the mouse came and sat on his desk. 10 ____ the mouse came back and was given more bread. In this way the artist and his mouse became good friends.
( )1. A. in B. for C. on D. at
( )2. A. worker B. artist C. drawer D. teacher
( )3. A. hope B. worry C. luck D. chance
( )4. A. father B. mother C. friends D. parent
( )5. A. pictures B. mouse C. cartoons D. mails
( )6. A. a maker B. a film star C. an artist D. Disneyland
( )7. A. likes B. used to C. was used to D. often
( )8. A. reading B. listening C. talking D. drawing
( )9. A. good B. bad C. ugly D. gentle
( )10.A. Day after day B. Long time ago C. One by one D. Before long
Chapter 4
一重点词汇和短语
1.sense感官
2.balance平衡
3.tongue舌头
4.blind盲的；瞎的
5.book预定
6.allow允许…进入
7.lead带路；带领8.exit出口9. describe描述
10. lie躺11. dead失灵的；不转运的12. seem似乎
13. convenient方便的14. mind注意15 almost几乎
16. disability缺陷；残疾
短语
1.find out找出
2.match …with…使...和...相配
3.keep balance保持平衡
4.fall down跌倒；摔倒
5.stop doing sth停止做某事
6. stop to work 停下某事而去工作
7.belong to属于8.reception desk接待处，服务台
9.walk into…走进…10.book a room定房
11.allow sb to do sth允许某人做某事12.lead sb to sp领某人去某地
13.the location of…的位置14.safety first安全第一
15.describe sth to sb向某人描述…16.be asleep在睡觉
17.save one’s life救了某人的生命18.seem like看起来象，似乎
19.the sound of sth …的声音20.be against sth反对…
21.seconds later不久，很快22.show up= appear 出现
23. fire alarm火警警报24.go off突然发出响声
25.look out/watch out小心26 have a cold患感冒
27.hear sb doing sth听见某人正在做某事28. belong to 属于
29. a blind man 盲人30. lile on the floor 躺在地上
二 语法：人称代词；形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词；反身代词
Task1 人称代词
【用法】人称代词分为_________和___________两种形式。主格通常做______,
。
2. My father is talking with _______(我).
3. _______(他) often plays basketball after school.
4. _______(他的) teacher is good.
5. _______(我们) will buy a pair of shoes for _______(他).
6. Please pass______(我们) the ball.
7. _______(他们) are listening to the radio.
Task2 形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词。
【用法】形容词性物主代词相当于形容词，放在__________前。名词性物主代词
2. _______(他的) chair is blue. _____________( 我们的) is yellow.
3. _______(我们的) classroom is big.__________( 你们的) is small.
4. _______(他的) teacher is good. ______(她的)is good too.
2. Take care of _________.
3. The Little boy can dress __________.
4. I _________ washed the clothes. 照顾好自己。
那个小男孩可以自己穿衣服。
我自己洗了衣服。
5. we enjoyed_________ last
night.我们昨天玩的很愉快
同步练习
按照题目要求填空。
1. I will give the presents to________(they).
2. Can you show _______(I) your book?
3. It’s time for ______(they) to go home.
4. Mr. Green often tells _______(we) some stories.
5. I saw ________(she) in the shop yesterday.
6. My ruler is long. ________ ( you ) is short.
7. My bike is broken. May I borrow______ ( she)?
8. My book is blue. _________(you) is red.
9. Our chair is better than _________ ( they).
10. These books are __________(we).
11. These are not your desks. They are _____(our).
12. This is not my shirt. It’s _______(he)
13. These books are________(I), and those are____(you).
14. My dog likes _____. 我的狗喜欢她。
15. Who is there? It’s _____. 是谁啊？是我。
16. Come with _____. 跟我来。
17. ______ classroom is bigger than _____. 你们的教室比我们的要大。
18. I want to buy some balloons for ______. 我想买些气球送给他。
19. These are ______ photos. 这些是我们的照片。
20. ______ like ______ very much. 他们非常喜欢它。
21. Let _____ give _____ a book. 让我给你一本书。
二. 选择填空.
()1. Mr. More has more money than Mr. Little . But he doesn’t enjoy _______.
A. he
B. him
C. his
D. himself
()2. Lily was 9 years old. _____ was old enough to go to school ___ _____.
A. She , she
B. She , herself
C. Her, herself
D. Her. she
()3. Jim’s watch is much newer than _________.
A. hers
B.she
C. her
D. herself
()4.There are 2 pens here. ___ is red, and ____is blue.
A. Yours, mine
B. Your, my
C. Yours, my
D. Your,
mine
()5.______ piano is too old ,but she still liked playing it.
A. She
B. She’s
C. Hers
D. Her
()6.——Who taught you English last year? ——Nobody taught me. I taught ____.
A. me
B. myself
C. mine
D. I
()7.That bike is _________?
A．he B. him C. his D. it
()8. We bought ______ a present, but _______ didn”t like it.
A. they, them
B. them , they
C. themselves , their
D. theirs, they
()9. Jim will give _________ a short talk tomorrow.
A. we
B. us
C. our
D. ours
()10_________ agree with what you said. Tom has a different idea.
A. Not all them
B. Not all of them
C. Any of them
D. They all
（二）
1. The guide _____ the travelers to a magic world just now.
A. lead
B. led
C. leads
D. is leading
2. - can you hear Mary_____ in her room every day?
- Yes, I heard her _______ just now.
A. singing; to sing
B. singing; sings
C. sing; sings
D. sing; singing
3. A sudden knock made him____________.
A. stop to think
B. stop thinking
C. to stop think
D. to stop thinking
4. After he called for help many times, a stranger _______ and saved him.
A. shows
B. showed up
C. showed
D. shows up
5.-My pencil is broken. Can you lend _____ to me?
-Certainly. Here you are.
A. your
B. you
C. yours
D. yourself
6. When my grandpa was sleeping, I entered his room and _________
A. wake up him
B. woke him up
C. woke up him
D. wake him up
7. I _____someone ______my name when I was walking in the street.
A. heard; to call
B. hear; call
C. heard; calling
D. hear; calling
8. The wallet probable _________ the woman who sat here just now.
A. belongs to
B. is belonging to
C. belong to
D. belonging to
9. Our brain helps keep our balance _______we do not fall down.
A. in order of
B. that
C. so that
D. for
10. I was______ at that time, so I couldn't hear the phone.
A. asleep
B. sleep
C. sleepy
D. slept
11.-Whose bags are these under the trees?
- They are ______.
A. their
B. theirs
C. them
D. themselves
12. "Help _______ to some bones,' John F. Dancer said to _____ dog.
A. you; his
B. oneself; its
C. your; his
D. yourself; his
13.-How many English words have you learnt?
-just _____
A. a little
B. little
C. a few
D. few
14. Good reading skills are quite useful _____us students.
A. to
B. for
C. on
D. at
15.It is time to go to bed. we had better_____
A. stop to talk
B. stop talking
C. to stop to talk
D. to stop talking
Chapter 5
一重点单词和短语
at last 终于make electricity 发电
in a way 在某种程度上come back =return 回来connect…to… 把……连接到….. with a grin on one’s face 脸上带着笑容
a packet of …一袋，一包be on （灯，水龙头，机器等）开着
be off （灯，水龙头，机器等）关了be able to do …能够做…..
switch /turn on 开（灯，水龙头，机器等）
switch/ turn off 关（灯，水龙头，机器等）
trick sb 捉弄某人turn right/ left 向右转/向左转
look foolish 看起来很傻keep silent/ quiet 保持安静
all kinds of 各种各样的饿different forms of …不同形式的
run an air conditioner 开空调change…into… 把……变成…..
a power station 发电站
二语法：情态动词
情态动词不能单独作谓语动词，后接其它动词原形做谓语，没有人称和数的变化。表示能够或不能做某事用can 或can’t;过去式为: could.
Fish can’t live with out water.
---Can she play the paino ?
---Yes,she can. /No,she can’t.
2. 告诉人们必须或禁止做某事用must或mustn’t;
You must hand in your homework at once.
You mustn’t talk loudly in public.
在回答must的疑问句时，否定回答常用needn’t 或don’t have to表示不必，而不用mustn’t 。
-- Must we stay here ?
--No, you needn’t . ( No, you don’t have to .)
3.may, can，may not 表示许可和请求. 可和can 互相使用.
e.g (1).You may play computer game this evening.
(2)--- May I open the door?
.---Yes,you may / No,you may not.
拒绝对方时, 可用“ No,you mustn’t / sorry,you can’t.
.---May I watch TV now ?
---No, you mustn’t.
4，can 和be able to都可表示能……区别如下: be able to 有人称数和时态的变化。
I can come tomorrow .
He was able to help the old lady.
I will be able to come tomorrow.
随堂练习
1.J ohn____ come to see us tonight, but he isn’t very sure yet.
A. may
B. can
C. has to
D. must
2 They _____ do well in the exam.
A. can be able to
B. be able to
C. can able to
D. are able to
3--May I take this book out?
--No, you_______.
A. can’t
B. may not
C. needn’t
D. aren’t
4 You_____ go and see a doctor at once because you’ve got a fever.
A. can
B. must
C. dare
D. would
5 -Can you speak Japanese?
-No, I_______.
A. mustn’t
B. can’t
C. needn’t
D. may not
6 Must I finish the work today? No, you __.
A. don’t
B. won’t
C. needn’t
D. mustn’t
7 You _____ talk loudly in the library.
A. don’t
B. mustn’t
C. needn’t
D. don’t have to
8—You must come here at six tomorrow morning.
--Sorry,I____ be here so early.
A. need
B. can
C. must
D. can’t
9. After a long walk, the old man____ be tired now.
A. must
B. has to
C. need
D. can
（二）
( )1.---What is electricity?
---It is like water ______ . It flows through a wire.
A. in the way
B. on the way
C. by the way
D. in a way
( ) 2.The boy got a nice birthday present . He looks very_______.
A. happily
B. happy
C. happiness
D. happily
( ) 3.We should _________ the lights when we go out.
A. turn on
B. turn off
C. put on
D. put off ( ) 4.The boy usually says to others_____.
A. polite
B. politely
C. impolite
D. politeness ( ) 5.We can change electricity______ different forms of energy.
A. into
B. on
C. from
D. of
( ) 6. The light is a _____ of energy.
A. way
B. line
C. form
D.road
( ) 7. ---Where is your brother? Is he at home?
---No, he_____ be at home. He has gone to England.
A. must
B. mustn’t
C. can’t
D. may
( ) 8. --- Must we sweep the floor now?
--- No , you______. You can do it tomorrow.
A. needn’t
B. can’t
C. mustn’t
D. shouldn’t
完型填空
阅读下面短文，从短文后所给的A, B, C, D四个选项中选择最佳的选项。
Without plants, people could not live. We need them for both food ____1___ oxygen (氧气) that plants ___2____. And we also need them for their beauty.
Imagine(想象) a world ____3___ no plants. Imagine no flowers with their sweet smells, their beautiful colors and their lovely shapes. Imagine when the wind blows, not being able to （能够）___4__ the leaves in the trees or watch the branches（枝条）swing （摆动）from ___5___. Everywhere people need the beauty of plants. That is why we have parks full of trees and flowers, and people always try to build houses with room for some __6___ and a garden.
Do you ___7___ your plants? Do you give them love and care? Two scientists said they once planted two seeds in different places. While plants were growing, one plant was given love and hopeful（有希望的）ideas. The other plant was given __8__ hopeless ideas. After six months, the loved plant was bigger. ___9__ the earth it had more and longer roots. Above the earth, it had a thicker stem(茎) and more ___10___.
1. A. or B. so C. but D. and
2. A. give B. produce C. show D. put
3. A. by B. of C. with D. without
4. A. see B. find C. hear D. enjoy
5. A. side to side B. one by one C. up and down D. here and there
6. A. grass B. trees C. hills D. stones
7. A. look at B. smile at C. talk to D. listen to
8. A. some B. only C. great D. even
9. A. On B. In C. Over D. Under
10. A. fruits B. flowers C. grass D. leaves
Chapter 6
一重点单词和短语
uninteresting 无趣味的reject 拒绝dull 枯燥的
thank goodness 谢天谢地feel like doing sth =would like to do sth 想要做某事lie down 躺下be patient with …对……有耐心
hate doing sth 讨厌做某事knock on/ at the door 敲门
run in rings 绕着圈跑keep doing sth 不断地做某事
mind sth/doing sth 介意某事/做某事be similar to 与……相似
all right 好吧确实be pround of 以……为自豪
二语法
1.特殊疑问词who 与whose 的用法
Who，问谁，主要用于人，对句中出现的人进行提问。
---Who is playing the piano in the next door？
---Tom.
whose 问是谁的（所有格），可以修饰指代人或事物的名词，对句中的名
词所有格, 形容词性物主代词或名词性物主代词进行提问
---Whose mother is a doctor?
---Nick’s.
--- Whose watch is that？
---That is your watch.
注意：whom 与who ：whom 是宾格形式，意思是谁，而who是主格形式。
Whose 与who’s: whose 是谁的，who’s =who is 谁是
2.不定代词one 与ones 的使用
One 用来替代单数可数名词，以避免重复，泛指同类事物中的任何一个。
例如：
---Excuse me, I want to find a bookshop.
---I know https://www.doczj.com/doc/3c6970613.html,e on. I’ll show you.
Ones 用来替代可数名词复数，泛指同类事物中的一些。
---Would you like the green cups or the blue cups?
---Blue ones.
注意：it 和one都可以代替前面提到的名词，但it 代替前面提到的那件特指的事物，是指同一件事物；而one 所代替的是前面提到的同类事物，但不是同一件。
初一（下) 课文 （翻译） Unit 1 My grandma奶奶，外婆 我的奶奶是个头发灰白的矮个子女人。她性格开朗。她是一个很不错的厨师。她做的菜可能是世界上最好的！我永远不会忘记那些（菜的）味道和气味。 奶奶照顾着我的家人。她真的很善良而有耐心。她去世两年了，我非常想念
她。 My grandma was a short矮的 woman 女士with有着 grey[gre?]灰色的 hair头发. She was always总是 cheerful ['t???f?l; -f(?)l]快乐的. She was a very good cook[k?k]厨师. Her dishes[d??] 盘子；一道菜were probably['pr?b?bl?]或许；很可能 the best最好 的 in the world! I will never永不 forget忘记 the taste[te?st]味道；品尝, and the smell [smel] 闻；气味as well也. Grandma took care of 照顾my family家人；家庭. She was really真的 kind种类； 善良 and patient['pe??(?)nt]有耐心的；病人. She died去世 two years ago两年前 and I miss[m?s]错过；想念 her very much. —— Ben Alice Alice 是我最好的朋友。她是一个高大的女孩，戴着眼镜。她经常给我讲笑话逗 我笑，但她从不嘲笑别人。 Alice 是一个聪明的女孩。她擅长数学。我们经常一起学习、打乒乓球。我希望 我们永远是朋友。 Alice is my best最好的 friend. She is a tall 高的girl with glasses戴着眼镜. She often 经常tells me jokes [d???k] 笑话to make使me laugh[lɑ?f]笑, but she never 从不 makes fun of others取笑别人. Alice is a smart [smɑ?t]聪明的 girl. She is good at 擅长Maths[m?θs]数学. We often study学习 and play table tennis ['ten?s] 打乒乓球together一起. I hope希望 we will 将always一直 remain[r?'me?n] 保持；仍然friends. Mr. Li 李老师是我的数学老师。他又高又瘦。他的课总是充满了乐趣。他在他的教学 中大量地利用游戏。 李老师对我们的学习要求很严格，但他总是鼓励我们，给我们支持。他常说：" 永远不要放弃，你就会成功。" Mr. Li is my Maths数学 teacher. He is tall and thin[θ?n]瘦的. His classes 课are always full of 充满fun乐趣. He uses 使用lots of许多 games 游戏in his teaching['ti?t???]教 学. Mr. Li is strict about[str?kt] 严格our studies, but he always encourages （encourage [?n'k?r?d?; en-]）鼓励us我们 and gives us support[s?'p??t]给我们支持. He often says, "Never从不give up 放弃and you'll be successful[s?k'sesf?l; -f(?)l]成功的." --Amy Mother's Day 母亲节
初中复习资料 目录英语词组总结for 和1.比较since 的四种用法2.since 延续动词与瞬间动词3. 重点部分提要词汇一. 单词⑴ 2冠词a / an / the: 3.some和any 4.family 5. little的用法 三. 语法 1. 名词所有格 2. 祈使句 1.英语构词法汇 2.英语语法汇总及练习 第1讲：名词 第2讲：代词 第3讲：形容词
第4讲：副词 第5讲：动词 第6讲：不定式 第7讲介词 第8讲：连词 第9讲：时态一 第10讲：时态(二) 第11讲：动词语态 第12讲：句子种类（一） 第13讲：句子的种类(二) 讲：宾语从句14第 第15讲：状语从句There be句型与中考试题第17讲ABC 被动语态复习第18讲 【初中英语词组总结】1 (see 、hear 、notice 、find 、feel 、listen to 、look at (感官动词)+do eg:I like watching monkeys jump 2 （比较级and 比较级）表示越来越怎么样 3 a piece of cake =easy 小菜一碟（容易）
4 agree with sb 赞成某人 5 all kinds of 各种各样 a kind of 一样 6 all over the world = the whole world 整个世界 7 along with同……一道，伴随……eg : I will go along with you我将和你一起去 the students planted trees along with their teachers 学生同老师们一起种树 8 As soon as 一怎么样就怎么样 9 as you can see 你是知道的 10 ask for ……求助向…要…（直接接想要的东西） 11 ask sb for sth 向某人什么 12 ask sb to do sth 询问某人某事ask sb not to do 叫某人不要做某事 13 at the age of 在……岁时 14 at the beginning of …………的起初；……的开始 15 at the end of +地点/+时间最后；尽头；末尾 16 at this time of year 在每年的这个时候 17 be /feel confident of sth /that clause +从句感觉/对什么有信心，自信 18 be + doing 表：1 现在进行时2 将来时 19 be able to (+ v 原) = can (+ v 原）能够…… 21 be afraid to do (of sth 恐惧，害怕……
深圳牛津版七年级英语下Unit 6 Electricity 课文部分知识点解析及练习 一、词组归纳 1. 转化,变成change into 2. 戏弄某人trick sb 3. 最后at last 4. 看上去很傻look foolish 5. 流经flow through 6. 某种程度上in a way 7. 被连接到电缆上be connected to cables 8. 电灯泡 a light bulb 9. 挠头scratch one’s head 10. 不同形式的能量different forms of energy 11. 发电站 a power station 12. 一包 a packet of 13. 成/几包的in packets 14. 整理好tidy up=clean up 15. 关（灯，电器等）switch off=turn off 16. 开（灯，电器等）switch on=turn on 17. 与某人分享某物share sth with sb 18. 准时on time 19. 由……组成be made up of 20.为……提供……provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth 21. 在乎，关心care about 二、words精讲 1. electricity, n.电力；电流，静电；高涨的情绪；紧张 如：At night these streets are brilliant with a pearly radiance of electricity. Electric adj. 电的；电动的； electrical adj. 有关电的；电气科学的 2. foolish，adj.愚蠢的；鲁莽的；荒谬的，可笑的 如：He was angry with himself for having made such a foolish mistake. Fool vi. 欺骗；开玩笑；戏弄 n. 傻瓜；愚人；受骗者 vt. 欺骗，愚弄 adj. 傻的 Art dealers fool a lot of people. 艺术品经销商会愚弄许多人。 I was fool enough to accept his offer. 我接受他的提议真是够傻的。
2019深圳牛津版英语七年级上Unit 6知识点整理及练习 Unit 6 Traveling around Asia 一、四会词（看英文写中文） 1. sightseeing 2. building/build 3. direction/direct 4. beauty/beautiful/beautifully 5. center/middle 6. Asia/Asian 7. guide 8. area 9. bridge 10. pond 11. dumpling 12. traditional/tradition 13. natural/nature 14. modern 15. light 16. across/cross/through 17. outside/inside 二、四会词组 1. place of interest 2. in the center of 3. light up 4. in the north of… 5. one of… 6. look up 7. get a bird’s eye view 8. go sightseeing 9. watch a dolphin show 10. walk…along 11. on the internet 12. at night/in the evening 13. be away from school 14. call sb. 15. in every direction = all directions 16. find out/find 三、必背句子 1. Shanghai is one of the largest cities in the world. 2. It is a large public area with green grass, fountains and birds. 3. If you visit People’s Square, you can also see famous buildings around it, such as the Shanghai Grand Theatre and the Shanghai Museum. 4. The Bund is where old Shanghai meets new Shanghai. 5. If you walk along the Bund, you will see many old buildings. 6. At night, these tall buildings light up the sky in every direction. 7. If you enjoy history and natural beauty, you will love this garden. 8. There are many beautiful buildings, bridges and ponds. 9. It sounds great! 四、单元语法 If 引导的条件状语从句（注意“主将从现”原则） 五、语言点 1. My head was made there. *be made in +地点：在某地生产 be made of+ 材料：由….材料制成（看得出原材料） be made from+ 材料：由….材料制成（看不出原材料） The watch is made in China. The desk is made of trees. Paper is made from trees. *there/ here/ home 前面的介词省略
人教版初一上册英语知识点归纳总结 一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写 要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u),字母的正确占格及单词间距。 二、be动词的用法 be动词有三种变形，分别是：am, is, are。记忆口诀： "我"用am, "你"用are, is用于"他、她、它";单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。 三、人称及人称代词的不同形式(主格和宾格) 1、三种人称：第一人称(I, we)，第二人称(you, you)，第三人称(he, she, it, Maria)。 2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。 3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me, us, you, you, him, her, it。 4、形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。 5、名词性物主代词：mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。 6、反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。 四、基数词(表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的自然数)
zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three,twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty,seventy, eighty, ninety, one hundred,one hundred and one。 五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 1、一般疑问句：能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。 2、特殊疑问句：不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。 六、可数名词变复数 可数名词变复数时，有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1、规则变化： (1)一般情况直接在词尾加"-s "，如：cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges等; (2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，要在词尾加"-es "，如：bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes等; (3)以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加"-es "，如：baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等; (4)部分以f (e)结尾的词，变f (e)为"ves "，如：knife-knives, half-halves 等; (5)以o结尾的词，加"-s "或"-es "，如：zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes等。记忆口诀：除了"英雄"hero外，凡是能吃的，加"-es "，不能吃的加"-s "。
Unit1Archimedes and the golden crown One day in ancient Greece,King Hiero asked a crown maker to make him a golden crown.At first,he was very happy with it. “It’s a nice crown,isn’t it?”he asked his https://www.doczj.com/doc/3c6970613.html,ter,however,he began to doubt that it was a real golden crown.“Is it made completely of gold?”he wondered.He sent it to Archimedes and asked him to find out the truth. “This problem seems difficult to solve.What should I do?”thought Archimedes. Archimedes was still thinking about this problem as he filled his bath with water.When he got into the bath,some water ran over. “That’s it!”shouted Archimedes.“I know how to solve the king’s problem!” Archimedes went straight to the palace to see the king.First,he weighed the crown and asked the king for some gold of the same weight. Next,he put two pots into big bowls and filled both pots with water.He put the gold into one pot,and some water ran into the bowl.Then he put the crown into the other pot.This time,even more water ran into the bowl. “Look at this,”said Archimedes to King Hiero.“A crown made completely of gold displaces less water than a crown made of gold and another metal.This crown displaced more water than gold of the same weight,so I’m certain that it’s not completely made of gold. “The crown maker tricked me,didn’t he?What a bad man he is!”shouted King Hiero.He then sent the crown maker to prison. 第1页共9页
七年级英语Units 1-8 综合单元能力测试题 笔试部分（80分） I. 词汇运用。（共1 5小题, 每小题1分） i. 同义替换。（共8小题，每小题1分） ( ) 1. She is a friendly girl. Everyone likes her. A. short B. kind C. pretty ( ) 2. You have only ten minutes to complete your homework. A. find B. know C. finish ( ) 3. I feel tired. I want to have a break. A. talk B. drink C. rest ( ) 4. She is weak after getting a bad cold. A. not sad B. not strong C. not angry ( ) 5. I hate watching the film. It is boring. A. not nervous B. not interesting C. not surprising ( ) 6. She likes dancing very much and she is good at it. A. is interested in B. does well in C. is bad for ( ) 7. We all had a good time at the party. A. learnt a lot B. knew the time C. enjoyed ourselves ( ) 8. It is rainy today. I have to stay at home. A. will B. must C. can ii. 词汇释义。(共4小题, 每小题1分) ( ) 9. When you ______, you take air into your body and send it out of your body. A. disappear B. breathe C. cry ( ) 10. When we say _____, we mean people in the same family. A. friends B. relatives C. classmates ( ) 11. That people do things _____ means they do things with each other. A. happily B. together C. quickly ( ) 12. If you say the weather is ______, you mean it is not wet. A. dry B. sunny C. snowy
初一上册英语知识点总结归纳 导读：我根据大家的需要整理了一份关于《初一上册英语知识点总结归纳》的内容，具体内容：可以说，初一阶段的英语学习是中学英语的基础，而英语又是所有考试的重要学科。所以想要学好英语不能忘了对所学知识点进行归纳整理。以下是我分享给大家的初一上册英语知识点总结，希望可以帮到你!... 可以说，初一阶段的英语学习是中学英语的基础，而英语又是所有考试的重要学科。所以想要学好英语不能忘了对所学知识点进行归纳整理。以下是我分享给大家的初一上册英语知识点总结，希望可以帮到你! 初一上册英语知识点总结 1、重点短语 1. Sit down 2. on duty 3. in English 4. have a seat 5. at home 6. look like 7. look at 8. have a look 9. come on 10. at work
11. at school 12. put on 13. look after 14. get up 15. go shopping II. 重要句型 1. help sb. do sth. 2. What about...? 3. Lets do sth. 4. Its time to do sth. 5. Its time for ... 6. Whats...? It is.../ Its... 7. Where is...? Its.... 8. How old are you? Im.... 9. What class are you in? Im in.... 10. Welcome to.... 11. Whats ...plus...? Its.... 12. I think... 13. Whos this? This is.... 14. What can you see? I can see.... 15. There is (are) .... 16. What colour is it (are they)? Its (Theyre)...
新版深圳牛津英语八年级上期末测试卷 笔试部分（满分85） I. 词汇运用(15分) i. 同义替换。(共8小题, 每小题1分) ( )1、Your invention is clever, but not practical. A. important B. useful C. useless ( ) 2. I haven’t thought of any methods to solve this problem. A. ways B. steps C. sides ( ) 3. I think the best way to get along well with your parents is to communicate with them to tell them your feelings. A. agree B. talk C. improve ( ) 4. She doe sn’t mention where she is going. A. speak of B. hear of C. think of ( ) 5. Mr. Green gave a speech on how to make friends with little kids last week, and we all listened carefully. A. book B. feeling C. talk ( ) 6. My spoken English has improved a lot. Now I can talk with foreigners. A. become worse B. become better C. become clearer ( ) 7. If you want to learn English well, you should practise it. Above all, you should keep doing it. A. Most importantly B. After all C. Even though ( ) 8. He helped me a lot when I had trouble last year. A. difficulty B. advice C. wealth ii. 词汇释义。(共3小题,每小题1分) ( ) 9. _____ is the ability to remember things. A. Memory B. Energy C. knowledge ( ) 10. A ______ means one that has won something. A. host B. seller C. winner ( ) 11. When someone is _____, he or she has a lot of money or other valuable things. A. poor B. rich C. happy iii. 根据上下文线索猜词。(共4小题, 每题1分) ( ) 12. The boy _____ his father at the age of five, so he lived with his mother until he grew up. A. met B. replied C. lost ( ) 13. When I got into the room, he ______ behind the door, so I couldn’t see him. A. hid B. looked C. rushed ( ) 14. I don’t know how to solve this problem. Can you give some _____ on how to work it out? A. topics B. suggestions C. inventions ( ) 15. The little girl is very _____.When she talks with other people, her face turns red. A. shy B. outgoing C. happy
【 初一（下) 课文 " （翻译） ^ Unit 1 My grandma奶奶，外婆 【 我的奶奶是个头发灰白的矮个子女人。她性格开朗。她是一个很不错的厨师。她做的菜可能是世界上最好的！我永远不会忘记那些（菜的）味道和气味。 奶奶照顾着我的家人。她真的很善良而有耐心。她去世两年了，我非常想念
她。 My grandma was a short矮的woman 女士with有着grey[gre?]灰色的hair头发. She was always总是 cheerful ['t???f?l; -f(?)l]快乐的. She was a very good cook[k?k] 厨师. Her dishes[d??] 盘子；一道菜were probably['pr?b?bl?]或许；很可能 the best 最好的 in the world! I will never永不 forget忘记 the taste[te?st]味道；品尝, and the smell [smel] 闻；气味as well也. Grandma took care of 照顾my family家人；家庭. She was really真的 kind种类； 善良and patient['pe??(?)nt]有耐心的；病人. She died去世two years ago两年前 and I miss[m?s]错过；想念 her very much. —— Ben ） Alice Alice 是我最好的朋友。她是一个高大的女孩，戴着眼镜。她经常给我讲笑话逗 我笑，但她从不嘲笑别人。 Alice 是一个聪明的女孩。她擅长数学。我们经常一起学习、打乒乓球。我希望 我们永远是朋友。 Alice is my best最好的friend. She is a tall 高的girl with glasses戴着眼镜. She often 经常tells me jokes [d???k] 笑话to make使 me laugh[lɑ?f]笑, but she never 从不makes fun of others取笑别人. Alice is a smart [smɑ?t]聪明的 girl. She is good at 擅长Maths[m?θs]数学. We often study学习and play table tennis ['ten?s] 打乒乓球together一起. I hope希望we will 将always一直 remain[r?'me?n] 保持；仍然friends. Mr. Li ` 李老师是我的数学老师。他又高又瘦。他的课总是充满了乐趣。他在他的教学 中大量地利用游戏。 李老师对我们的学习要求很严格，但他总是鼓励我们，给我们支持。他常说：" 永远不要放弃，你就会成功。" Mr. Li is my Maths数学teacher. He is tall and thin[θ?n]瘦的. His classes 课are always full of 充满fun乐趣. He uses 使用lots of许多games 游戏in his teaching['ti?t???]教学. Mr. Li is strict about[str?kt] 严格our studies, but he always encourages （encourage [?n'k?r?d?; en-]）鼓励us我们and gives us support[s?'p??t]给我们支持. He often says, "Never从不give up 放弃and you'll be successful[s?k'sesf?l; -f(?)l]成功的." --Amy
初一英语上册知识点归纳总结 一、48个国际音标及26个英文字母的正确书写，要熟练掌握元音和辅音，5个元音字母（a, e, i, o, u）,字母的正确占格及单词间距。 二、be动词的用法 be动词有三种变形，分别是：am, is, are。记忆口诀：“我”用am, “你”用are, is用于“他、她、它”；单数全都用is，复数全部都用are。 三、人称及人称代词的不同形式（主格和宾格） 1、三种人称：第一人称（I, we），第二人称（you, you），第三人称（he, she, it, Maria）。 2、人称代词的主格，即人称代词位于句子主语位置时的形态：I, We, You, You, He, She, It, Maria。 3、人称代词的宾格，即人称代词位于句子宾语位置时的形态：me, us, you, you, him, her, it。 4、形容词性物主代词：my, our, your, your, his, her, its, their。 5、名词性物主代词：mine, ours, yours, yours, his, hers, its, theirs。 6、反身代词：myself, ourselves, yourself, yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves。 四、基数词（表示数量多少的词，大致相当于代数里的自然数） zero, one, two, three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, eleven, twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen, eighteen, nineteen, twenty, twenty-one, twenty-two, twenty-three, twenty-four, twenty-five, twenty-six, twenty-seven, twenty-eight, twenty-nine, thirty, forty, fifty, sixty, seventy , eighty, ninety, one hundred, one hundred and one。 五、一般疑问句及特殊疑问句 1、一般疑问句：能用Yes或No来回答的问句。一般疑问句句尾读升调。 2、特殊疑问句：不能用Yes或No来回答的问句。特殊疑问句句尾读降调。 六、可数名词变复数 可数名词变复数时，有规则变化和不规则变化两种。 1、规则变化： 1）一般情况直接在词尾加“-s ”，如：cake-cakes, bag-bags, day-days, face-faces, orange-oranges 2）以s, x, sh, ch结尾的词，要在词尾加“-es ”，如：bus-buses, watch-watches, box-boxes 3）以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加“-es ”，如：baby-babies, country-countries, family-families等； 4）部分以f (e)结尾的词，变f (e)为“ves”，如：knife-knives, half-halves等； 5）以o结尾的词，加“-s ”或“-es ”，如：zoo-zoos, photo-photos, tomato-tomatoes, potato-potatoes 等。记忆口诀：除了“英雄”hero外，凡是能吃的，加“-es ”，不能吃的加“-s ”。 2、不规则变化： 1）改变单数名词中的元音字母：man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, tooth-teeth等； 2）单、复同形：sheep-sheep, Chinese-Chinese, Japanese-Japanese等； 3）其他形式：mouse-mice, child-children等。 七、简单句的成分及主谓一致原则 最基本构成：主语+谓语+宾语，其中谓语由动词来充当。 主谓一致原则，就是句子的谓语要始终与主语保持数量上的一致性。当主语是第三人称单数（简称“三单”）时，谓语动词也要相应变成单数形式； 当主语非“三单”时，谓语动词就用原形。实意动词变“三单”的规则如下： 1）一般动词在词尾加“-s ”，如：like-likes, tell-tells, play-plays等； 2）以字母s, x,ch, sh结尾的动词加“-es ”，如：guess-guesses, teach-teaches, watch-watches等； 3）以o结尾的动词一般加“-es ”，如：do-does, go-goes等；
初二（下） 课文（翻译） （1—4）Unit 1 课文（翻译）
志愿工作 Voluntary['v?l?nt(?)r?]志愿的 work 三个青少年提出去做一些志愿工作，在学校假期期间。他们写了以下的报告。 Three teenagers['ti?ne?d??]青少年offered ['?f?]提出；提供to do some voluntary work during在...期间 the school holidays假期. They wrote the following ['f?l????]以下的 reports[r?'p??t]报告. 我在儿童医院做了些志愿工作。那里的儿童都遭受严重的疾病。我们为他们组织了一个绘画比赛。 I did some voluntary work in a children’s hospital. The children there 那里all suffer from['s?f?]遭受serious严重的；严肃的illnesses['?ln?s]疾病. We organized ['?rɡ?na?z]组织 a painting绘画 competition [k?mp?'t??(?)n]比赛for them. 我遇见一个叫做辛迪的女孩。她想要画一副她家附近公园的画。我去那里并拍些照片。辛迪用它们绘画。 I met a girl called Cindy. She wanted to paint [pe?nt] 画a picture of the park near her home. I went there and took some photos 拍照of it. Cindy used them for her painting. Betty 有很多孩子没有父母。我和我妈妈遇见过一些这样的孩子，我们教他们讲故事。这帮助他们表达他们的情感。一个孩子说，“我的朋友不理解我的痛苦”。 There are many children without没有parents父母. I met some of these children with my mother. We taught教 them to tell stories讲故事. This helps them express [?k'spres; ek-]表达 their feelings情感；情绪. One child said, “My friends don’t understand my pain [pe?n]痛苦.” 我和一个叫Vivien 的女孩一起度过些时光。她的父母死于一次车祸，她心情不好并非常孤独。她需要友谊。我妈妈和我将继续去看望Vivien. We spent 花费time with a girl called Vivien. Her parents died in a car accident ['?ks?d?nt]事故, and she is unhappy不开心 and very lonely ['l??nl?]孤独的. She needs
Class ______ Name ___________ 家长签名：________________ 七年级英语Unit1讲学稿（4） Period 4: Grammar [学习目标] 1、Be able to understand the usage of …a? ,?an? and …wh-questions?. 2、Be able to talk about dreams. 3. Be able to understand the usage of “ every day” and “ be good at”. [学习过程] 一，…a” and …an? 1.Read the text P3 and find out the …a? and …an?. 2.Read and work out the rules P8 3.Exercise P9 1.Tom is ________honest boy. 2.I have ________one-year-old sister. 3.My grandmother told me _______interesting story. 4.Here is ______photo of my family. 5.I spend _______hour from my school to supermarket. 6.He is ________European, but he can speak Chinese well. 7.I like physics and I want to be _______engineer. 二，Wh-questions: 1. Answer the questions. 1.What is your English name? ___________________________ 2.Where is your home?__________________________________ 3.Who is your English teacher?___________________________ 4. When do you usually get up?__________________________ 5.Why do you learn English?______________________________ 6.How do you go to school?________________________________ 7.How far is your school from your home?____________________________ 8.How many English lessons do you have every week?____________________ 9.How often do you usually play basketball?____________________________ 10.How long do you study every evening? _______________________________