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2010年中考英语语法汇总

2010年中考英语语法汇总---反义疑问句

1.祈使句。祈使句后一般加上will you或won't you构成反意疑问句,用will you 多表示“请求”,用won't you 多表示提醒对方注意。例如:Look at the blackboard, will you/ won't you?看黑板,好吗?

Let引导的祈使句有两种情况:

1)Let's...,后的反意疑问句用shall we或shan't we。例如:

Let's go home, shall we/ shan't we? 回家吧,好吗?还可以用may I来表示征求对方的同意或许可。

2)Let us/me...后的反意疑问句用will you或won't you。例如:

Let me have a try, will you/won't you? 让我试一试,行吗?

2.感叹句。感叹句后加反意疑问句时,其反意疑问句需用be的一般现在时态的否定形式。例如:

What fine weather, isn't it? 多好的天气啊,是吧?

3. 当陈述部分谓语动词是need, dare, used to,且这些词被用作实义动词时,其反意疑问句需用do的适当形式。例如:

He needs help, doesn't he?他需要帮助,是吗?

4.陈述部分主、谓语是I am...时,反意疑问句用aren't I 或ain't I ,而不是am not I (可用am I not)。例如:

I'm working now, ain't I? 我在工作,是吗?

5.陈述部分的主语是everything, nothing, anything或something 时,反意疑问句的主语应用代词it。例如:

Something is wrong with my radio, isn't it? 我的收音机出毛病了,是吧?

6.陈述部分的主语是everybody, everyone, anybody, anyone, somebody, someone, nobody, no one, none, neither 时, 其反意疑问句的主语需用复数代词they。例如:

Everyone is here, aren't they? 大家都到了,是吗?

No one knows about it, do they? 没有人知道这件事,对吗?

7.陈述部分的主语是指示代词this或that时,反意疑问句的主语用it,当陈述部分的主语是指示代词these或those时,其反意疑问句的主语用they。例如:

This is a plane, isn't it? 这是一架飞机,是吗? These are grapes,aren't they? 这些是葡萄,是吗?

8.陈述部分的主语是不定代词one时,反意疑问句的主语可以用one,也可用you(美式英语用he)。例如:

One should be ready to help others, shouldn't one? 每个人都应该乐于助人,是吧?

9.当陈述部分含有以下这些含有否定意义的词时:few, little, seldom,hardly, never, not, no, no one, nobody, nothing, none, neither等,其反意疑问句需用肯定结构。例如:

He is never late for school, is he? 他上学从不迟到,是吗?

10.当陈述部分所含的否定词是通过加前缀或后缀构成的,其后的反意疑问句依然用否定结构。例如:

It is unfair, isn't it? 这不公平,是吧?

11.含有否定含义的词在陈述部分作动词的宾语时,其反意疑问句用肯定结构,也可以用否定结构。例如:

You got nothing from him, did you? 你从他那儿什么也没得到,是吗?

12.当陈述部分主语是从句、不定式(短语)、动词-ing形式时,反意疑问句的主语应该用it。例如:

What you need is more important, isn't it?你需要的东西更重要,是吧?

13.当陈述部分含I think (believe, suppose...)that... 结构时,其反意疑问句须与从句的主、谓语保持一致,注意主句的主语必须是第一人称。例如:

I don't think he will come, will he? 我认为他不会来,对吗?

14.have(has)不是表示“有”的意思,并在句中做谓语时,其反意疑问句的助动词要用do, does, did。例如:

They had a meeting just now,didn't they? 他们刚才开了个会,是吗?

15.陈述部分有have to 时,其反意疑问句要用助动词的否定形式。例如:

You have to water the vegetables every day, don't you?你每天都要浇菜,对吧?

16.陈述部分是there be句型时,其反意疑问句中要用there。例如:

There was a hospital here, wasn't there? 过去这儿有家医院,是吗?

17.陈述部分有had better时,反意疑问句中要用hadn't。例如:

We had better go to school at once, hadn't we? 我们现在最好马上去上学,好吗?

18.当陈述部分含有情态动词must时,我们便要分析一下must的含义。如果must 作“一定;要;必须”讲,反意疑问句须用mustn't或needn't;而当must作推测意义“一定是;必定”讲时,反意疑问句则需根据must后的动词原形选用相应的形式。例如:

He must work hard at physics, mustn't he? 他必须努力学物理,是吧?

Tom must be at home,isn't he? 汤姆一定在家,是吧?

终止性动词和延续性动词用法导航

一、在现在完成时中

延续性动词可与表示一般时间的介词短语for或since连用,而终止性动词的现在完成时则不能与一段时间连用。如:

I have learned English for over two years.我学英语已有两年多了。

I have lived here since 1985.我从1985年就住在这里。

I have bought this dictionary for three years.这本字典我已买三年了。(误)

上句中的bought(buy的过去分词)是终止性动词,它不能与表示时间段的短语连用,若要连用,就必须改变结构,通常可变为:

1 将终止性动词变为延续性动词

常见的终止性动词与延续性动词的转换有come→be here,begin/start→be on,borrow→keep,buy→have,die→be dead,end/finish→be over,get up→be up,go(get)out→be out,fall asleep→be asleep,get to know→know,leave→be away from ,join→ be in /be a member of,put on→wear,catch a cold→have a cold等。因此上面所给误句可改为:I have had this dictionary for three years.又如:

Her husband has been away for five days.她丈夫已离开五天了。

His grandfather has been dead for two years.他爷爷已经死了两年了。

2 用“...ago”来表示时间状语

我们还可以把句中表示“一段时间”的状语变成表示过去的时间状语,动词的完成时变为过去时,即:终止性动词的一般过去时+一段时间+ago。所以所给病句也可改为:I bought this dictionary three years ago.又如:

I have kept this book for a week.→I borrowed th is book a week ago.

3 改变句型

我们可以用“It is /has been +时间段+since从句(从句用一般过去时表示)。”或用“时间段短语(作主语)+has /have passed +since从句(用一般过去时)。”因此,所给病句又可改为:It is three years since I bought this dictionary.或Three years has passed since I bought this dictionary.

二、在...till(until)结构中

和“...till(until)”结构连用时,延续性动词只能用于肯定式,终止性动词只能用于否定式。如:

We worked until seven o'clock yesterday afternoon.昨天下午我们一直工作到七点钟。

We didn't come back until 9:00.直到九点钟我们才回来。

三、在while或when引导的时间状语从句中

在while(当……的时候)引导的时间状语从句中不能用终止性动词;when引导的时间状语从句中的谓语动词即可用终止性的,也可用延续性的。如:

When he got to Shanghai,the ship had already set off.他到达上海时,轮船已经开走了。

When/While we were talking,the bell rang.我们在谈话时,铃响了。

注:1 终止性动词完成时的否定式可以和表示一段时间的状语连用,因为终止性动词的这种否定结构构成一种状态,而这种状态是可以持续的。如:

He hasn't come here for seven days.他已七天没有到这里来了。

2 终止性动词一般不用于进行时态,当用于“进行时态”形式时,则表示“即将”的意思。如:

Summer holiday is coming near.暑假临近了。

3 终止性动词不可用于“how long...”引出的疑问句中。如:

我可以借这本书多长时间?

误:How long may I borrow this book?

正:How long may I keep this book?

2014中考英语语法知识点总结:动词

2014中考英语语法知识点总结:动词 一定要记牢动词的现在分词,过去式,过去分词。比如:catch 的过去式和过去分词(caught,caught) 你可能就不知道吧?痛下决心,好好记一记吧。先讲系动词。 系动词:大概是最简单的动词了。你只需注意的是系动词除了be的形式之外,还有become,get,grow,turn,sound,look,smell,taste等,它们不能单独作谓语,必须和作表语的词语(如形容词, 名词等) 连用, 所以用的时候,可要小心为是呀!如:It smells delicious.(它闻起来味道很美)。delicious 是形容词,不是副词。 情态动词:首先要记住情态动词后必跟动词原形。 must的意思是"应当,必须",侧重于说话者的主观看法,没有时态变化,其否定式是mustn't,在"Must I(we) ...."的疑问句中,须注意的是其否定回答常用needn't。如:Must I go?(我一定要走吗?) No,you needn't.(不,不必。) need意为"需要"。既可作实义动词,又可作情态动词,因此在用法上需要注意。作实义动词时,need后跟名词,动名词,或不定式。如:I need to go. (我得走了。) 作情态动词时,后跟动词原形。如:You needn't come tomorrow if you are busy. (如果你忙,明天就不必来了。) 实意动词:我们跑(run),我们跳(jump),我们笑(laugh),这些都得用实意动词来表达。我们一起来看一看一些特殊的词吧。它们在接动名词和不定式时意义有所不同。 stop:这个词让好多同学大伤了一番脑筋,到底什么时候加to do,什么时候加 doing 呢?两者意义又有什么不同呢?OK, Come with me. 看下面两个句子。 When the teacher came in, they stopped to read. When the teacher came in, they stopped talking. 第一句的意思是"当老师进来时,他们停下来开始读书"。而第二句的意思是 "老师进来时,他们停止了说话"。所以stop to do sth表示"停止正在做的事情去干另一件事"。而stop doing表示"中断正在做的某事"。 forget,remember,regret 这三个词用法基本相同,只要记住+doing 表示"事情已经做过",+to do表示"事情还未做"就可以了。

(英语) 中考英语语法填空汇编专项训练100(附答案)及解析

(英语)中考英语语法填空汇编专项训练100(附答案)及解析 一、英语语法填空汇编 1.阅读下面短文,根据文章大意用所给单词的适当形式填空(未提供单词的,限填一词),使文章意思完整、正确。 There is a nice family living in Valladolid, a beautiful city in Spain.________father, Jose Garcia, is a tall and friendly man. He________(work)in a famous company. He married Teresa, a________(beauty) woman, ________dark eyes and light hair. She is a ________(teach) of a primary school. Jose and Teresa have three________(child): Susan, Rebecca and Juan. The________(old), Susan, is 24 years old. She's a doctor and busy with her work every day. She________(usual) goes to work at 8 a.m. and comes home after 7p.m. Rebecca, a beautiful girl with big dark eyes, is 19 years old and________(study)Chinese in the Canary Islands. Juan, a naughty 11-year-oldboy, dreams of________a great football player. They are a happy family.【答案】The;works;beautiful;with;teacher;children;eldest;usually;studies;becoming 【解析】【分析】文章大意:在西班牙美丽的城市瓦拉多利德,住着一个很好的家庭。何塞·加西亚娶了特蕾莎。她是一所小学的五年级教师。何塞和特蕾莎生了三个孩子:苏珊、丽贝卡和胡安。苏珊,24岁。她是个医生,每天都忙于工作。She早上8点上班,晚上7点回家。Rebecca,19岁,在加那利群岛学习中文。胡安,一个顽皮的11岁男孩,梦想着成为一名伟大的足球运动员。他们是一个幸福的家庭。 (1)句意:爸爸,何塞加西亚是一个高个子善良的人。father特指前文提到的住在瓦拉多利德承德市幸福家庭中的爸爸,因此使用定冠词,因为在句首,手字母t应大写,故答案是The。 (2)句意:他在一个著名的公司上班。本文的基本时态为一般现在时,所以本句也是一般现在时,主语he是第三人称单数,因此谓语动词使用单三形式,故答案是works。(3)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女。beauty作定语修饰woman,应使用形容词beautiful,故答案是beautiful。 (4)句意:他娶了一个叫做特蕾莎的长着黑色眼睛的妇女、长着黑色眼睛作定语修饰woman,应使用介词with连接,故答案是with。 (5)句意:他是一个小学的老师。根据冠词a,可知后面单数可数名词,与teach相关的名词是teacher,老师,故答案是teacher。 (6)句意:何塞和特蕾莎有三个孩子。child孩子,可数名词,根据three可知应使用复数形式children,故答案是children。 (7)句意:最大的,苏珊24岁了。根据后文的叙述可知苏珊年龄最大,兄弟姐妹之间年龄最大使用eldest,故答案是eldest。 (8)句意:她通常八点上班。usual修饰go to work,应使用副词形式usually,故答案是usually。 (9)句意:长着黑色大眼睛的丽贝卡19岁了,在加那利群岛学习中文,文章的基本时态为一般现在时,主语Rebacca是第三人称单数,动词使用单三形式,故答案是studies。(10)句意:十一岁的胡安是一个淘气的男孩,他的梦想是成为一乐伟大的足球运动员。

中考英语语法填空经典题型带答案经典

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中考英语语法点简要归纳

初中英语知识总结 一、出现以下词,用do填空: can , could, may, must, need, had better, why not, make, have to, let’s, see, hear, watch, notice, Will ( Would ) you please…? 二、出现以下词,用to do 填空: would like, want, begin, start, hope, decide, ask, wish, have something to do, tell, take time, it’s time, remember, forget, learn, teach, try, stop, plan, adj./疑问词后,take ,allow, encourage, warn, It’s +形容词+to do something, discuss, know, refuse, invite , get order, like, offer, lend, make up one’s mind to do, set one’s mind to do, enough, need 三、出现以下词,用doing 填空: finish, like, enjoy, mind, keep, be busy, there be, do some…, go doing, prevent, be worth, spend, practice, feel like, thank somebody for doing something ,stop, excuse somebody for doing something, can’t help, prefer…to…,look forward to…hate, mention, hav e fun doing,介词:at, in , on, of , from, for, about, with, without, ,make a contribution to, be used to, hear, see, watch, notice, listen, 四、基数词的特殊变化 one---first ; two---second; three---third; five---fifth; eight---eighth; nine---ninth; twelve---twelfth; twenty---twentieth; twenty-one---twenty-first 五、代词的变化: 主格―――宾格――所有格(adj.)――所有格(n.)―反身代词 I --------me--------my----------mine-------------myself you------you--------your-------yours------------yourself he-------him---------his-------his-------------himself she------her----------her-------hers-----------herself it-------it----------its--------its--------- itself we-------us---------our---------ours------------ourselves you------you--------your--------yours---------yourselves they-----them------their--------theirs---------themselves 六、表示天气的词 1. sun—sunny 2. cloud—cloudy 3. rain—rainy 4. wind—windy 5. fog—foggy 6. mist—misty 7. snow—snowy 8. shower—showery 七、表示方向的词 1. east—eastern—easterner(s) 2south—southern—southerner(s) 3.west—western—westerner(s) 4.north—northern—northerner(s) 八、国家---国家的(人) 1.China—Chinese 2.Japan—Japanese 3.Germany--German 4.Canada—Canadian 5.Sweden—Swedish 6. Australia--stralian

2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总

马上就要中考了,祝大家中考都考上一个理想的高中!欢迎同学们下载,希望能帮助到你们! 2020最新中考英语语法知识点汇总

一、词类、句子成分和构词法: 1、词类:英语词类分十种: 名词、形容词、代词、数词、冠词、动词、副词、介词、连词、感叹词。 1、名词(n.):表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念的名称。如:boy, morning, bag, ball, class, orange. 2、代词(pron.):主要用来代替名词。如:who, she, you, it . 3、形容词(adj..):表示人或事物的性质或特征。如:good, right, white, orange . 4、数词(num.):表示数目或事物的顺序。如:one, two, three, first, second, third, fourth. 5、动词(v.):表示动作或状态。如:am, is,are,have,see .

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