Unit one Where Do We Go from Here?
1.recognize
?To know to be something that has been perceived before: 认出：recognize a face.认出一张面孔
?To know or identify from past experience or knowledge: 认知，看出：recognize hostility. 识别出敌意
?To perceive or show acceptance of the validity or reality of: 承认，认可：recognizes the concerns of the tenants.
确认房客们所关心的事
?To permit to address a meeting: 准许发言：允许…在某个会上发言：
?The club's president recognized the new member. 俱乐部主席准许那个新成员发言
?To accept officially the national status of as a new government.承认新政权：正式接受某新政府作为国家代表
?To show awareness of; approve of or appreciate: 赏识：赞同或欣赏：recognize services rendered. 赞赏所
提供的服务
?To admit the acquaintance of, as by salutation: 招呼：承认与…很熟悉，recognize an old friend with a
cheerful greeting. 用兴高采烈的问候招呼一位老朋友
2.curious
?Eager to learn more:
Eg. curious investigators;
a trap door that made me curious. ；
?Unduly inquisitive; prying
?Arousing interest because of novelty or strangeness:
eg. a curious fact
3.formula: (pl. formulas, formulae [-li:])
a representation of molecules, radicals, ions, etc, expressed in the symbols of the atoms of their constituent elements See molecular formula See empirical formula See structural formula公式, 方程式
?an established form or set of words, as used in religious ceremonies, legal proceedings, etc礼节、法津、宗教
仪式及政治口号等的)惯用语句; 提法; 表述; 俗套话
?general formula for capital资本的总公式
? a legal formula 法律上的惯用语句
4.substandard
?Failing to meet a standard; below standard.
未达到标准的；标准以下的
eg. substandard accommodation不合标准居所
subway subsurface sub-zero 下
subsonic subtropics 次，亚
subacid subacute 稍，略，微
subbranch subtitle suboffice 副，分支，下级
subcentral subequal subadult 接近
subdivide sublet subculture 更进一层，再
5.Segregated
?separated or isolated from others or a main group; 被分离的, 被隔离的, 实行种族隔离政策的, 偏析的
?(synonym) unintegrated
?(antonym) integrated
?(similar) isolated, quarantined
? A racially segregated area in South Africa established by the government as a residence for people of
color.
种族在南非由政府建立的一种族隔离区域，作为有色人种的居住区
6.Menial
?consisting of or occupied with work requiring little skill, esp. domestic duties such as cleaning; of, involving,
or befitting servants
?menial job: jobs relating to unskilled , low-pay jobs, as in domestic work or laborer‘s work卑贱的
工作
7.massive
?Consisting of or making up a large mass; bulky, heavy, and solid: a massive piece of furniture. 一件大而重
的家具
?Large or imposing, as in quantity, scope, degree, intensity, or scale: ―Local defense must be reinforced by
the fu rther deterrent of massive retaliatory power‖ (John Foster Dulles) See Synonyms at heavy ―必须通过威慑大规模报复势力来加强地方防御能力‖(约翰·福斯特·杜勒斯)
?Large in comparison with the usual amount:大量的：与平时数量相比多的：a massive dose of a drug.一副
大剂量的药
?Pathology Affecting a large area of bodily tissue; widespread and severe: 严重的，大范围的：影响到大面积
身体组织的；影响范围广的，严重的：eg. massive gangrene.大面积的坏疽
8.Assert
To state or express positively; affirm:
asserted his innocence.他坚称自己无罪
?To defend or maintain (one's rights, for example)
?To put (oneself) forward boldly or forcefully in an effort to make an opinion known, for example:
eg. I had to assert myself in the meeting in order to ensure acquisition of the new book.
assert oneself 显示权威；出风头
9.Conspire
?to plan or agree on (a crime or harmful act) together in secret; to act together towards some end as if by design
阴［密］谋，策划; 共同促成；巧合；导致
?conspire to ruin sb. 密谋谄害某人
?conspire with 勾结
Eg. Bad weather and car trouble conspired to ruin our vacation.
恶劣的气候连同汽车故障断送了我们的假日。
10.Degrade
?to reduce in worth, character, etc; disgrace; dishonor; to reduce in rank, status, or degree; remove from office;
demote降级, 降格; 使堕落; 使受屈辱, 降低品格(身价、价值等)
eg. You degrade yourself when you tell a lie. 说谎会贬低自己的身分。
degrading: causing humiliation; debasing有辱人格的; 丧失体面的, 降低身份的
11
?Blot: a moral defect in an otherwise good character; a disgraceful act or quality
?Soot: a black substance consisting chiefly of carbon particles formed by the incomplete combustion of burning
matter
?Grim: sinister
?Foul: offensive to the senses; revolting; disgusting
12 perpetuate
?to cause to continue or prevail
eg. perpetuate the memory of comrade Norman Bethune
永远纪念诺尔曼·白求恩同志
13 Off base
?(slang) taking a position, attitude, etc. That is unsound or in error, badly mistaken. 犯大错
误的
14conscienceless
Without a sense of right and wrong; without sound moral judgment
15 To gteet
?To salute or welcome in a friendly and respectful way with speech or writing, as upon meeting or in opening a
letter.
?to greet sb. with a smile 含笑欢迎某人
?He greeted her by saying ?Good morning‘.
?To receive with a specified reaction 接受：以特定的方式接受：
?eg. greet a joke with laughter 对笑话报以笑声
?To be perceived by 呈现在…前；被…所感知
?eg. A din greeted our ears. 我们听到了一阵喧嚣
A beautiful view greeted us. 美丽的景色呈现在我们面前。
16 Occasionally Negroes contend that the 1965 Watts riot and the other riots in various cities represented effective
civil rights action.
?to contend: to argue; to strive in debate or controversy 声称，断言
? e.g. The police contended that the man was in the area at the time of the robbery.
?~ (against, for, with) to compete or struggle against difficulties 竞争；斗争，奋斗
? e.g. They are contending for the championship.
17
?at best: at most
?water-sprinkler 喷水设施
?According to the speaker, through the riots, the Blacks may have got a little more money for poverty relief and
minor improvements in the ghettos.
?……在街上增加一点喷水设施，使得贫民窟的孩子们可以在天热时喝上几口凉水，或浇一下身子，凉快
一下。
18 to pin sth./ sb. down :
?to know or understand clearly (who or what something is); identify 准确知道，确定；证实
? e.g. We know there is a corruption in the orgnization but it is difficult to pin it down. 我们
知道这个机构有腐败现象，但是要具体说出是谁就很难了。
?to pin sth. on sb. : to fix (guilt, blame etc) on 把某事归罪于某人，把责任加在某人身上
? e.g. Don‘t try and pin the blame on me; I didn‘t do it!
?pin o ne‘s hopes on someone 把希望寄托在…上面，指望
19
I recognized Peter although I hadn't seen him for 10 years.(虽然我有10年没看到彼得了，但我认出
了他。)
?I don't recognize this word -- what does it mean? (我不认识这个单词，它的意思是什么？)
?Many fail to recognize that all these things are in danger of being denied.(许多人没有看到这一切正
处于失去的危险之中。)
?to recognize merit (表扬功绩)
Unit two
1 pay down 当场支付, 用现金支付
Here the word “down”is an adverb, meaning “in cash or when bough” (现款)
E.g. You can pay five dollars down and the remainder in installments.
2 Prodigy: a young person who is extremely clever or good at doing something,
e.g. Mozart was a prodigy.
1) A person with exceptional talents or powers: 天才：具有异常的天赋或力量的人：
a prodigy who had learned several foreign languages by the age of five.
2)An act or event so extraordinary or rare as to inspire wonder. Synonyms: wonder 奇观，奇迹：奇特
的或罕见的引起人们惊叹的事件或行为
3)A portentous sign or event; an omen.
预兆，异兆：有预兆性的现象或事件；征兆
child prodigy 神童(= infant prodigy)
3 tricky: adj. 狡猾的, 机警的
given to or characterized by trickery. See Synonyms at sly 诡计多端的：行骗术的，会耍花招的参见sly
requiring caution or skill:棘手的，需慎重对待的，需技巧的：
a tricky recipe 需小心操作的配方
4 crinkle: full of wrinkles, twists and ripples
5 fuzz: thin, soft hair
6 lament
vt. to express grief for or about; mourn:悲痛：向…或为…表述哀痛；哀悼：
lament a death. 为死者哀悼
To regret deeply; deplore: 非常懊悔；痛惜：
He lamented his thoughtless acts.他非常懊悔自己轻率的举动
vi. to grieve audibly; wail. 痛哭失声；嚎啕
to express sorrow or regret. See Synonyms at grieve 表达悲伤或懊悔
n. A feeling or an expression of grief; a lamentation.悲痛的情感或表达；悲伤
A song or poem expressing deep grief or mourning.
挽歌：表达深切的悲伤或哀悼的歌或诗
7 Lop offi
to cut a part of something off, especially a branch of a tree
“lop off” is used figuratively.
8 Soggy
unpleasantly wet and soft
e.g. The ground is soggy from the rain.
9 clump:
a group of trees, bushes or other plants growing very close together.
Here “clumps”is used figuratively
10 dainty: delicate or elegant优美的, 秀丽的, 雅致的, 轻巧pleasing to the taste; choice (对衣食)讲究;
eg. a dainty girl 俊美的姑娘
a dainty cup 精致的杯子
The violet is a dainty spring flower. 紫罗兰是娇艳的春花
She is dainty about her eating. 她讲究饮食
11ndignity
( outdated English) indignation 愤怒, 不平, 愤慨
.(a humorous way ) injury to one's self-esteem or dignity; humiliation 轻蔑，侮辱，有损尊严的言行
12 beyond reproach
无可指摘，完美无缺
reproach: blame, shame, disgrace, or a source, cause, or occasion of this
13 assortment
n. the act of assorting; separation into classes.
分类：分类的行为；分类
a collection of various kinds; a variety.
多种多样：一批品种多样的收藏；多种多样
什锦；各色俱全
14 bellow: a deep hollow sound
foghorn: a horn on a ship or a lighthouse sounded as a warning during a fog
on the bay: on the San Francisco Bay
drill: to teach someone by making them repeat something many times.
e.g. She was drilling the class in the forms of the past tense.
15 give up on me
to stop hoping that someone will change, do something, etc.
e.g. She has been in a coma [n.昏迷]for six weeks, but doctors have not given up on her.
16 Entranced
very interested in and pleased with something so that you pay a lot of attention to it,
e.g. He was entranced by the sweetness of her voice.
17 Mesmerizing
to mesmerize means to make someone feel that they must watch or listen to something or someone, because they are so interested in it or attracted by it.
e.g. He was mesmerized by her charm and beauty.
18 lilting:
with a pleasant pattern of rising and falling sound in music or voice
19 picking on her
to pick on someone means to blame someone for something, especially unfairly
e.g. Why does the boss always pick on me?
20 keep time:
to play a piece of music using the right rhythm and speed 保持（正确的）节奏there are other phrases about music with the word “time”in them. Let’s have a few examples:
Waltzes are usually in three-four time.
She began moving her body in time to the music.
He went through the motions in half-time.
While his friends were singing, he beat time for them.
The girl was playing the piano for him, but he was always out of time with her.
21 reverie:
dreamy thinking, imagining of especially agreeable things; fanciful musing; daydreaming
22squabble (over/about):
to quarrel continuously about something unimportant
e.g. The kids are still squabbling about whose turn it is to wash the dishes.
23conspire:
to plan something harmful or illegal together secretly, e.g. He had conspired with an accomplice to rob the bank.
24 Plead to ask for something you want very much in a sincere and emotional way
25 squawk : to utter a loud, harsh cry, as a parrot or chicken
26 prance: to rise up on the hind legs in a lively way, while moving along: said of a horse; to move about in a way
suggestive of a prancing horse
27envision to imagine something not yet in existence; to picture in the mind
28sulky showing annoyance, resentment, dissatisfacton
29bewitch: to get control over sb. by putting a magic spell on them
30 jumble: an untidy mixture of things
e.g. these notes recorded a jumble of thoughts and feeling.
31our notes : notes that are gratingly wrong or off pitch
32 Stricken (formal) afflicted or affected by something painful or distressing; very badly affected by trouble, illness,
etc.
? e.g. He had to live with a stricken conscience for the rest of his life.
Supplies of medicine were rushed to the flood-stricken areas.
Panic-stricken crowds swarmed into the square.
A grief-stricken mother wrote this letter to the editor of the newspaper about the tragedy.
33 intermission
an interval of time between periods of activity; pause, as between acts of play
34 anchor
an anchor is a heavy object, usually a shaped iron weight, lowered by cable or chain to the bottom of a body of water to keep s vessel from drifting. To anchor something means to keep something from drifting or giving away, etc. by or as by anchor; to fasten something firmly so that it cannot move.
35 juggle: to keep three or more objects moving through the air by throwing and catching them very quickly
36nicycle: a one-wheeled vehicle straddled by the rider who pushed its pedals
uni- (prefix) one; having or consisting of one only (e.g. unicellular, unisex)
compare :bicycle, tricycle
37 breasted: here are some phrases with the word “breast”: bare-breasted, small-breasted, large-breasted, etc.
38ohorable mention: a special honor in a competition for work that was of high quality but did not get a prize （没有进名次的）优秀奖
Unit three Goods Move. People Move. Ideas Move. And Cultures Change
?In the throes of : in the act of struggling with ( a problem, decision, task, etc.)痛苦的挣扎，奋力搏击，剧烈的动荡
–an old man in the death throes
–in the throes of revolution
?tectonic: denoting or relating to construction or building
?wild: in a state of disorder, disarrangement, confusion, etc.
?assortment: variety, miscellaneous group or collection
–an assortment of: a variety of
?to dislodge: to drive out, to force from a position or place where lodged把...从住地[窝巢等处] 逐出; 逐退;
【军】击退; 赶走;移去; 取出
–dislodge a beast 把野兽从窝巢中逐出
–dislodge the enemy from their fortifications 把敌人从碉堡中逐出
–dislodge the rock with a shovel 用铲子把石头移开
?want: something needed or desired but lacking; need
?Caravan: a company of travelers, esp. of merchants or pilgrims traveling together for safety, as though a desert.
?venture: to undertake the risk of, to brave
?afield: (away from home)
–far afield 远方, 远处广泛的[地] 没经历过的, 闻所未闻的
–get far afield from one's subject 离题太远
–go too far afield/ lead too far afield (使)走入歧途
?Wrought (past participle of work) to produce results or extent an influence
–The watch was wrought with great skill.这座钟制作极为精巧。
– a carefully wrought plan. 一项精心制定的计划
?Dynamic
?(n.) a force producing motion or change
–the main dynamic behind the revolution.革命背后的主要力量
(adj.) of or relating to energy or to objects in motion; of or relating to the study of dynamics; characterized by continuous change, activity, or progress; marked by intensity and vigor; forceful.
?agenda: program of things to be done 议事日程, 待办事项(表);记事册[本]
–Place /put sth. on the agenda 把某事提到日程上来
–action agenda 行动记录册
–approved agenda 审定议程(最后通过的会议议程)
–provisional agenda 临时议程
?flatten: to make or become flat
?crease : a fold or wrinkle
?Mcworld: a world mod eled on McDonald‘s, meaning a world filled with American goods and culture.
?faction: a group of people forming a minority within a larger body, esp. a dissentious group –the conservative faction of a political party
?sprout: (of a plant, seed, etc) to produce (new leaves, shoots, etc); to begin to grow or develop –sprout new leaves
–The rain has sprouted the seeds overnight.
?Popular factions:反映公众情绪（或得到公众支持）的派别
?(be) shot through with: to have a lot of, as if full of holes after a shotgun blast
– a composition shot through with errors/wit
?Inconsistencies: not uniform, inharmonious or self-contradictory factors
–many inconsistencies in your proposal.你的提议中有许多前后矛盾的地方
?Bedfellow: an associate, ally, confederate, etc.同床的人, 同伙，伙伴
–Adversity/ misery/ poverty makes strange bedfellow. [谚]难中不择友(英国中世纪至17世纪中叶, 单人床尚属罕见, 在旅店等地方, 同性者常同睡一床)。
–―Stupidity here makes an easy bedfellow, as always, with racialism‖ (Christopher Hitchens) ―愚蠢常常很容易成为种族偏见的伙伴‖(克里斯托夫·希钦斯)
–strange bedfellow 萍水相逢的人, 临时的伙伴
?To populate：to live in; inhabit ;to provide a population for; colonize or people vt. 使人口聚居在...中, 殖民于, 移民于, 居住于, 定居（here）occupy a place （事物等）在…中占有位置，占据–Densely/thickly/ sparsely populated city 人口稠密/稀少的城市
–creatures that populate the ocean depths.生活于大洋洋底的生物
?To blast: to attack or criticize sharply
?Booster: enthusiastic supports
?Salubrious: healthful, wholesome; promoting health or welfare; favorable to health, healthy – a salubrious climate 宜人的气候
– a salubrious situation 有利的形势
?Resourceful: able to deal promptly and effectively with problems, difficulties, etc.资源丰富的, 善于遂机应变的, 足智多谋
–ability to work independently, mature and resourceful.能够独立工作、思想成熟、应变能力强
–He is mentally quick and resourceful. 思维敏捷且有足智多谋的
–Above all, Hong Kong people remain resourceful, hardworking, forward-looking and dynamic.最重要的，是香港市民头脑灵活，勤奋上进，充满活力
?Resilient: recovering strength, spirits, good humor, quickly; buoyant 能立即恢复精神的；心情开朗的;有弹性的
–He was of a resilient temper. 他生就一副适应性强的脾气
– a resilient character 开朗的性格
–Rubber is more resilient than wood. 橡胶比木头弹性好。
?Ostensible: apparent; seeming可公开得, (指理由等)表面的, 虚假的
–ostensible reason 表面的理由[籍口]
–an ostensible letter 可公开的信
–His ostensible purpose was charity, but his real goal was popularity. 从表面看来他是为了慈善事
业，但他真正的目的却是提高自己的知名度。
?fountainhead: a principal or original source根源；源泉
–the intellectual fountainhead 智力源泉
?orthodox：conforming with established or accepted standards, as in religion, behavior, or attitudes
–orthodox ideas 正统观念
–orthodox party 正统派
–orthodox behavior 传统的行为
–in the orthodox manner 正式
?Mass: a large number
?Teenager: a person between the age of 13 and 19
?Hang out: (slang) to spend much of one‘s time; frequent 在一个地方度过或花费大量的时间；经常出没–He hangs out in an old house. 他住在一所旧房子里。
?Rap music: a style of black popular music with a pronounced beat to which words are recited rather than sung 说唱乐
?Take (sb.) in hand: to control someone, as to show him how to behave or act 担负起对…的责任；照管；承接，着手处理；尝试
?Cool: (slang) fashionable in the eyes of the young
?To have the eye: mental awareness, a special knack or intuition
–has a good eye for understated fashion.对难以描绘的时尚有良好的洞察力
?Diner: a small restaurant built to look like a dining car, following an old-fashioned model
?Seedy: shabby, rundown; not physically fit; sick; (of a plant) at the stage of producing seeds –living in our seedy flat.
–She‘s looked rather seedy for the past two weeks.
–The grapes are delicious but very seedy.
?Trendy: of or in the latest fashion or trend; ultrafashionable
?Pocket: an isolated area of a specified type
(与周围不同的或孤立的)一小群（片、块）
?Thrift shop: esp. US. a shop selling second-hand items usu. for charity
?To catch on: to become popular；to understand; perceive 理解；察觉
–Skateboarding caught on quickly.滑板运动很快就流行起来。
–I don't quite catch on. 我不很理解。
?Mix to show a combing of things so that the resulting substance is uniform in composition, whether or not the separate elements can be distinguished 最普通的词，用于物质的―混合‖
–to mix butter, eggs and flour
?Fuse to unite by melting together into something indissoluble
–old party fuses with the new
–To fuse zinc and copper to make brass（黄铜
?Blend to imply a mixing of different varieties to produce a desired quality 常指按一定比例调制出的一种味道、香气或其他效果。
–to blend spices 调拌各种调味品
–These two colors blend well这两种颜色配合在一起是很协调的
– A harmonious blend of architectural styles各种建筑风格的完美的结合
?Mingle to mix or bring together in combination, usually without loss of individual characteristics; to be or become mixed or united. 混合，结合：是或成为混合或结合物
to join or take part with others:交往，往来：与他人一起加入或参加: 通常为不及物动词，表示―(人)参入；
（不同来源，不同颜色或不同温度的液体）混合在一起‖与with连用
–I mingled with the crowd.
?Merge to cause to be absorbed, especially in gradual stages. 使…被吸收，尤指逐步地被吸收to combine or unite: 使合并或结合：
–merging two sets of data. 将两组数据合并
to blend together, especially in gradual stages. 融合在一起，尤指逐步地融合
To become combined or united. Synonym: mix 合并或结合起来
用于一种东西消没在另一种东西里，或表示两种东西融为一体。
–the place where the two roads merge
Combine to join (two or more substances) to make a single substance, such as a chemical compound; mix. 使化合：使（两个或两个以上物质）合成为单一的物质，如化学合成；混合当两种东西或更多种的东西结合在一起，它们彼此结合或贴近，但仍然保持自己的特性，并可在合适的条件下从新分离。
?to morph: to turn into a variant form without changing the essence
?geek: (Slang) a performer of grotesque or depraved acts 做低级滑稽表演的人;讨厌鬼
?passion: a strong emotion that has an overpowering or compelling effect
- Hydrogen combines with oxygen to form water.
?Detached
–not involved by emotion, interests, etc.超然的，不偏不倚的：不含感情因素的，不含个人偏见的synonyms: cool, indifferent
–separated; disconnected
? a detached air
? a detached (showing no bias )view
? a detached( disconnected) house 独立的住宅
?If it seems… consider China.
–It serves as a transition.
–Fast-forward blur: moving so fast into the future that outlines are blurred as if imagines on a video tape being played on fast forward
?To unleash:
to free from restraint
–unleash a war
–unleash one's temper
–Get out! Or I'll unleash my dog on you
?Cosmopolitan: founded in 1886 which was meant to become a ―first-class family magazine‖. 《时尚》杂志?To plunge: to extend far down in a revealing way（把女服）开成低领，开成V型低领
–plunge a country into war (使陷入)
–plunge a room into darkness
–plunge sb. into deep sorrow
?Neckline: the line formed by the edge of a garment around or nearest the neck
?Plunging neckline: 开领袒胸
?and all: and others; something else （口）以及其他
–I went to shop regularly, even with Mum sick and all.
–Tell me what the date is—year and all.
?To jostle: to bump or push (someone) roughly; to come or bring into contact; to force (one's way) by pushing (用肘)推, 挤, 撞; 贴近
–jostle one's way through a crowd
–jostled against the others on the crowded platform. 在拥挤的站台上和别人推撞
?skyline: the outline of buildings, mountains, trees, etc, seen against the sky; horizon
?To choke: to have trouble or fail in breathing, swallowing, or speaking; to suppress (emotion) –The smoke almost choked me.
–choke one's feeling
?To cramp: to confine; restrain
?Boutique: a small shop, or a small department in a store, where fashionable, usually expensive, clothes and other articles are sold.
?Mall: a completely enclosed, air-conditioned shopping center.
?Gucci store：古奇专卖店
?Ambiguity: the quality of allowing of more than one interpretation.模棱两可，可做多种解释
?Potential: this is largely a Western concept.
–Potential: the capacity for use or development
–Why is it a Western concept?
?Potential is a concept used in physics or electricity which are subjects first studied in the West.
?Lighting: the art, practice, or manner of using and arranging lights on a stage
?To snarl: (of animal) to make a low angry sound while showing the teeth狂吠(of person) speak or say in an angry , bad-tempered way咆哮
?To shriek: to cry out with a high sound
?early on: near the beginning of the time 在早期
–Gunpowder was invented early on in the long history of China.
–He developed a musical interest early on.
–She turned him down quite early on.
?Compass:指南针
?Wilds: a wilderness or wasteland
?To aspire (to): to be ambitious to get or do something, esp. something lofty or grand; to yearn –aspire after truth / knowledge (渴望, 追求)
–aspire to become an author
?Utopian:乌托邦式的
–Utopian socialism空想社会主义, 乌托邦社会主义
?to strive: to struggle hard; make a great effort esp. to gain something ( strive for/after/ against) –strive for accuracy
–strive after perfection
–strive against injustice 反抗不公正
–strive to improve their public image
?Sterile: not stimulating, dull, lifeless
?To preside (at, over) : to be in charge of; lead
–preside over a meeting
?Infant: in a very early stage
?Congregation: an assembly of people for religious worship or teaching
?Identity: the condition or fact of being a specific person or thing; individuality
?To intone: to utter or recite in a singing tone or in prolonged monotones
?Penitence: sorrow over having sinned or done wrong
Unit four Professions for Women
?peculiar adj.
?unusual or eccentric; odd 古怪的：不寻常的或古怪的；奇怪的
?distinct from all others See synonyms at strange 独特的：与众不同的参见strange
?belonging distinctively or primarily to one person, group, or kind; special or unique 特有的：专属于
或主要属于某个人、某群体或某种人的；特别的或唯一的
?rights peculiar to the rich 富人所特有的权力
? a species peculiar to this area 这个地区所特有的物种
?bizarre ;characteristic; curious; distinctive; eccentric; odd; queer; representative; special; strange;
typical; unusual; weird; common
?reputable: having a good reputation; honorable 声誉好的；应受尊敬的
? a reputable firm of builders 有声望的建筑公司
?honest; honorable; moral; principled; respectable; upright; upstanding; well-thought-of; infamous
?the stage: the theater, drama, or acting as a profession.演艺业，演艺界, 演员职业或戏剧界
?The stage is her life. 演艺事业是她的生命
?making the path smooth: paving the way (for)
?regulating my steps: guiding me as I move forward
指导我向前走
?figure: to represent mentally, to imagine
?That figures! 不出所料！
?figure on 料想；估计
?We figure on your coming early to help us. 我们指望你们会早些来帮助我们。
?I figure on meeting their representative in Beijing on Monday afternoon.我打算星期一下午
到北京去会见他们的代表。
?figure out 算出；了解
?We must figure out how to solve the problem. 我们必须想出解决这个问题的办法。
?I couldn't figure out who the lady with the sunglasses was.我想不出那位戴墨镜的夫人是
谁。
?from left to right: a set phrase. Note the absence of articles before the words ‖left‖ and ―right‖
?from morning till night
?from beginning to end
?from top to tail
?from childhood to grave
?from day to day
?from head to foot/toe
?deserve: to be worthy of; merit 值得；应得
?These people deserve our help. 这些人值得我们帮助。
?He deserves his fate. 他命该如此。
?dispute
?v. to argue about; debate. 就…进行争论；辩论
?To question the truth or validity of; doubt 怀疑：对…的真实或有效进行争论，怀疑：
?Her friends disputed her intentions. 她的朋友怀疑她的意图
?To strive to win (a prize, for example); contest for 争夺，竞争：为赢得（奖金等）努力；
为…而竞争：
?Our team disputed the visitors' claim to the championship. 我们队伍与客队争夺锦
标
?To strive against; resist 抵抗，抵抗
?disputed the actions of his competitors.对抗他的竞争对手
?n. a verbal controversy; a debate. 口头辩论；争论
?An angry altercation; a quarrel. See Synonyms at argument 生气的争吵；吵架参见
argument
?to do battle with: to argue with sb. or fight against 与某人争论或斗争
?We had to do battle with the authorities over planning permission for the project.
?Phantom:
?The literary meaning: something that seems to appear to the sight but has no physical existence, a
specter 鬼怪，幽灵
?The figurative meaning: an apparition, a vision, something feared or dreaded, something that exists
only in the mind, an illusion, any mental image or representation.
?after: (especially in Britain English ) given the same name as someone else, especially an older member of
your family
?Her name is Elizabeth, after her grandmother.
?heroine: the central female character in a novel, play, etc., with whom the reader or audience is supposed to
sympathize.
?shortly: in a few words, briefly
?excel: to do something very well
?to come between: to cause an argument or problem between 制造麻烦
?torment:
?v. to cause to undergo great physical pain or mental anguish. afflict 折磨：使承受巨大的肉体痛苦
或精神痛苦
?to agitate or upset greatly 极大地烦恼或使烦乱
?to annoy, pester, or harass 惹怒，骚扰或纠缠
?n. great physical pain or mental anguish 折磨：极大的身体上的痛苦或精神上的烦恼
? a source of harassment, annoyance, or pain 使人痛苦的东西：骚扰，烦恼或痛苦的来源
?Art
?(pl.) devices, stratagems, and tricks 诡计：狡猾的手段，诡计和计谋
?Skill that is attained by study, practice, or observation 手艺：通过学习，操练或观察而获得的技巧
?the art of the baker 面包师的技术
?the blacksmith?s art 铁匠的技术
?art of painting 绘画的技巧
?art of making friends 交友之道
?sympathize: v.
?to feel or express compa ssion, as for another?s suffering; commiserate 同情或表示同情：如对他人的
苦难感到或表示同情；怜悯
?I can sympathize; the same thing happened to me.
?to share or understand the feelings or ideas of another 赞同：分享或理解他人的感情与想法：
?sympathized with the goals of the committee 赞同委员会的想法
?to be in accord; correspond 与……一致；相应
?credit: praise; approval for an act, ability or a quality赞同，赞扬：对某一行为、能力或质量的赞同；赞扬：
?You should at least give him some credit for all the efforts he‘s put in.
?Why should he get all the credit?为什么他受到了所有人的赞扬?
?halo: a circle of light, radiance surrounding the head of an angel ( or sacred person)
?flung: (to fling) to throw something quickly with a lot of force.
?fictitious: referring to that which is invented by the imagination and is therefore not real, true, or actually
existent
? a fictitious story
? a fictitious character
?His account of the bank robbery was completely fictitious.
?to dispatch: to murder or execute
?flatter: to praise insincerely, esp. in order to win favor or reward; feel honored
?flatter oneself 自以为...; 对自己估计过高
?He flattered her on her cooking. 他奉承她做饭好。
?The portrait flatters her. 这幅画像比她本人美。
?She feels flattered by your invitation. 受你的邀请, 她觉得非常荣幸
?roam: to travel or walk about with no fixed purpose or direction; wander
?I like to roam about over the countryside
?befall: take place; come to pass; happen to降临(于)
?Bad luck may befall at any time.
?What has befallen him?
? A similar fate befell him.
?falsehood: the practice of telling lies
?to express oneself:to state one‘s thoughts; to give expression to one‘s feelings, imaginati on, etc., in creative or
artistic activity
?human skill: human knowledge, understanding, judgment. (This definition is no longer in use.)
?be open to : not safe from ; willing to receive; possible for 不设防的,(容易）受到…的;可行的
?This book is open to criticism.
?His truthfulness is open to question.
?The statement is open to being misinterpreted.
?I‘m always open to suggestions.
?It‘s the only course of action open to you.
?proceeds: (plural) the money or profit derived from a sale, business venture, etc.
?to give away: (colloquial) to expose, reveal, or betray.
?unconscious: not aware of one‘s existence, not conscious of one‘s self. ―the unconscious (or somebody‘s
unconscious)‖ is a term of psychoanalysis, referring to the sum of all thoughts, memories, impulses, desires, feelings, etc. of which the individual is not conscious but which influence the emotions and behavior; that part of one‘s psyche which comprises repressed material of this mature.
?induce: (formal) to cause a particular physical condition
? E.g. This drug may induce drowsiness.
?lethargy: a condition of abnormal drowsiness; a great lack of energy; sluggishness, dullness, apathy. This word
is similar to the word ―trance‘ used later in the same paragraph
?to disquiet: to disturb. The author uses two synonyms for emphasis.
?nosing: to nose means to look closely and inquisitively. ―Nosings about‖ is similar meaning to the following
phrase ― feelings round‖.
?dart: a sudden, quick movement in a particular direction
?dash: a sudden, swift movement
?be that as it may: (formal) this phrase is used to say that even though you accept that something is true it does
not change a situation, despite the fact that it may be so.
?Trance: a state in which you behave as if you were asleep but are still able to hear and understand what is said
to you, similar to the unconscious state.
?cranny: crack
?submerged: covered with water, suppressed, hidden
?The depths of our unconscious:无意识的最深层
?being: state or fact of existing or living, existence, life; fundamental or essential nature.
?slumber: to sleep
?smash: a hard, heavy hit or blow; a violent collision
?dash: to strike (against,
?to speak without figure: 不用修辞手段、直截了当地说figure: figure of speech
?severity: the quality or condition of being severe; strictness, harshness
?severe: applying to a person or thing that is strict and uncompromising, and connotes a total absence of
softness, laxity, etc.
Unit five Love Is a Fallacy
Enterprising: ready to embark on new ventures; full of boldness and initiative 有事业心的, 有进取心的, 有
魄力的, 有胆量的, 富有进取心
It’s very enterprising of them to try and start up a business like that.
The enterprising children opened a lemonade stand.
Month of Sundays: (colloquial) a long time
Unfetter: to free from restraint of any kind; to liberate
Limp: dropping; lacking firmness or strength; weak or spiritless 软弱的，没有精神的;无力的或柔弱的；虚
弱的或无精打彩的
a limp handshake 无力的握手
limp opposition 微弱的反抗
Flaccid: soft, flabby; hanging in loose folds; lacking firmness, resilience, or muscle tone 不结实的，松弛的：
缺乏结实、弹性或肌肉发达的; lacking vigor or energy软弱或无力的
flaccid management 软弱无力的手段
Spongy: like a sponge; soft and porous像海绵的; 柔软, 多孔而有弹性的
Pedantic: of a person who puts unnecessary stress on minor or trivial points of learning, displaying a
scholarship lacking in judgment or sense of proportion迂腐的，学究式的
pedantic attention to detail or rules
拘泥形式，墨守陈规过于拘泥于细节或规范;学究式地注意细枝末节
a pedantic style of writing 学究式的写作风格
Discipline: a branch of knowledge or learning学科；科目
Trauma: a term in psychiatry meaning a painful emotional experience of shock, often producing a lasting
psychic effect. (pl. traumata , traumas)【医】(身体)外伤, 创伤;【心理】精神创伤(由心理创伤造成精神上的异常)
to subject to psychological trauma使遭受心理创伤
a trauma center 外伤治疗中心
a trauma team 外伤治疗小组
Keen Referring to unusual mental agility or perceptiveness with a vigorous and forceful ability to
grabble with complex or obscure problems. 敏锐的, 敏捷的
a keen mind for distinctions
Sometimes by analogy with good vision, the word may suggest an ability to observe details and see them as
part of a larger pattern
a keen understanding of the problems facing the conservation movement(自然保护运动)
Acute Having a finely honed sensitivity or receptivity to nuances that might escape others, it might also
imply a high-keyed state of nervous attention that is not sustainable 敏锐的；聪明的
an acute awareness of the slightest ambiguity in each statement made by his opponent
an acute alertness, heightened by the strange silence in the enemy trenches
Astute Having a thorough and profound understanding, stemming from a scholarly or experienced mind that is
in full command of a given field 机敏的；精明的
an astute assessment of the strengths and weakness of the plans for reorganizing the department
an astute evaluation of the gaps in our knowledge of how life evolved
Perspicacious Having keen judgment or understanding; acutely perspective 敏锐的; 聪明的; 判断理
解力强;颖悟的; 眼光锐利的
It stresses intensity of perception, without being very rich in other connotations
a perspicacious remark that illuminated the whole problem for all of them
It is very perspicacious of you to find the cause of the trouble so quickly.
a perspicacious analysis 精辟的分析
Calculating Shrewd or cunning; crafty 精明的;机敏的；诡计多端的
Dynamo：an earlier form for generator, a machine that converts mechanical energy into electrical energy
Chemist’s scales: they are more precise and accurate than ordinary scales
Penetrating: sharp (as of knife); keen or acute (as of mind)
Scalpel: a small, straight knife with a thin, sharp blade used in surgery and dissection
Nothing upstairs: (American slang) empty-headed; a nitwit . The corresponding British slang is ― unfurnished
in the upper storey‖.
Faddist: a person who follows fads (a passing fashion or craze）
Fad (n.) : a custom，style，etc．that many people are interested in for a short time；passing fashion；craze
一度时髦的风尚，风行一时的东西；一时的狂热
Submit: to offer as an opinion; suggest, propose
Very negation: the complete (absolute) lack or opposite of some positive character or quality.
Reason: sound thought or judgment; good sense
To be swept up in: to be carried away by; to follow enthusiastically
Craze: something that is currently the fashion; 一时的风尚；风行一时的东西；时髦
To surrender yourself: to yield; to indulge (in)
Idiocy: behavior like that of an idiot; great foolishness or stupidity
The acme of mindlessness: the height of stupidity; the utter absence of intelligence 愚蠢到了极点
Flight: the action of fleeing or running away from. Here it means the narrator suddenly stopped.
Temple: either of the flat surfaces alongside the forehead, in front of each ear
Frequent: to go to constantly; be at often
Big Men on Campus: 学校的大块头们It is referring to people like Petey Burch who are rarely seen in
libraries, but only in football fields.
swim (n.) : current fashion 潮流，时髦
the swim conforming to the current fashion赶时髦
In the swim: (colloq. ) conforming to the current fashion, or active in the main current of affairs.
gear (n.): a specific adjustment of a toothed wheel (汽车等的)排挡
Slipped into high gear: began to work at high speed or efficiency
A machine is in high gear when the arrangement or gears provide the greatest speed but little power.
Narrowly: closely; carefully; thoroughly 仔细地；严密地
Ringing: sounding loudly; resonant; clear and firm
Stroke: to draw one’s hand, a tool, etc. gently over the surface of , as in caressing or smoothing
Get one’s hands on: usually lay one’s hands on, to get hold of; to seize
Covet (v.) : want ardently；long for with envy 垂涎；觊觎
All covet ; all lose. [谚]贪多必失。
Never covet wealth and power.
If it be a sin to covet honor, I am the most sinning soul alive.
— Shakespeare.
如果说向往荣誉是一种罪过，那么我就是活着的最为罪恶的灵魂
To let my heart rule my head: metonymy. “Heart”stands for “feelings and emotions”and “head”
for ―reason and good sense
Shrewd: clever; sharp in practical affairs
Calculated: undertaken or accepted after the probable results have been estimated 慎重考虑的，深思熟虑的
Cerebral: (humorous) requiring the use of the intellect; intellectual rather than emotional 理智的；凭理智行
事的; of or relating to the brain or cerebrum 脑的：关于或属于大脑或脑的
cerebral hemispheres
a cerebral approach to the problem
Practice: the exercise of a profession or occupation 业务，工作：职业或行业的实践
the practice of law 从事律师业
Further: to give aid to; to promote
Pin-up: (American colloquialism) designating a girl whose sexual attractiveness makes her a subject for the
kind of pictures often pinned up on walls[口](女子)其照片可供倾慕者钉在墙上的,美貌女子
Proportion: lines, shape of the body 线条；身材
Supply the lack: supply what is wanting. He implies that time will give her a perfect figure. But he
deliberately avoids using those explicit words describing female physical attractions
Makings: (n. [often in pl.]) the material or qualities needed for the making or development of something. [常
用复]素质；内在因素
―Carriage‖ and ―bearing‖ are synonymous.
“Bearing”, in the context, denotes manner of carrying or conducting oneself and refers to
characteristic physical and mental posture.
―Carriage‖ ,also applies to posture, specifically stresses the physical aspects of person’s bearing,
an erect carriage
She has a graceful/ elegant carriage
poise: 1)good judgment and self-control in one’s actions, combined with a quite confidence in one’s abilities
泰然自若；沉着；自信；2)well-balanced way of holding or moving one’s body
the dancer’s graceful/fine poise
breeding (n.) : good upbringing or training良好的教养(或培养)
她亭亭玉立、体态优雅，这一切都表明她出身高贵。
Exquisite (adj.) : very beautiful or lovely，esp. in a delicate or carefully wrought way 优美的，高雅的，精
致的
an exquisite design 精致的图案
Specialty (n.) :an article characterized by special features，superior quality，novelty, etc．特产；特制品
Specialty of the house: the special dish which the restaurant or cafeteria sells
Wood carving are a specialty of this village.雕刻木器是这个村子的特产。
Pot roast: meat, usually a large cut of beef, cooked in one piece by braising
Gravy (adj.) : the juice given off by meat in cooking肉汁，调味汁
Dipper (n.) :a long—handled cup or similar container for dipping 长柄杯或类似容器
Sauerkraut (n.) :chopped cabbage fermented in a brine of its own juice with salt 泡菜
Without even getting her fingers moist 手指居然没有沾湿
Veer: to change direction; to shift; to turn or swing around改变方向；转向；变向
Keen: (American slang) good, fine, excellent, etc. a general term of approval
Kid: (American colloquialism) a young person
Go steady: (American colloquialism) to date someone of the opposite sex regularly and exclusively; be
sweethearts
Date: (American colloquialism) a person of the opposite sex with whom one has a social engagement
Out of the picture: not considered as involved in a situation
Field: an area where games or athletic events are held
Open: free to take part or compete in (games being held in the field)
Gamy (adj.) :having a strong，tangy flavor like that of cooked game；strong in smell有猎物气味的；气味强
烈的
Gamy object: the raccoon fur coat had a strong smell.
Pelt (n.) :the skin of a fur—bearing animal，esp. after it has been stripped from the carcass 毛皮；生皮
Greasy (adj.) :smeared with or containing grease涂(或含)有油脂的；油污的
Canny (adj.) :careful and shrewd in one‘s actions and dealings；clever and cautious谨慎的；机警的；精明
的
Mince: to lessen the force of; weaken, as by euphemism 婉言地说; 吞吞吐吐地说
Don't mince words: say what you mean
He does not mince matters /his words
Stoutly: firmly and resolutely
A torn man: 一个不知所措，左右为难的人
Set his jaw: he put his jaw in a fixed or rigid position. This action shows fixed, unyielding determination. 挺
着下巴，表示坚定不移。
Swivel (v.) : turn on旋转
Wax (v.) :grow gradually larger；increase in strength，intensity，volume, etc.渐渐变大；增加; (of the moon)
to show a gradually increasing portion of illuminated surface, between new moon and full moon (月)渐渐变大[圆]
wax angry/old/fat
The moon waxes and wanes. (月的)盈亏圆缺;
wax and wane [喻]盛衰
Wane (v.) : become, less intense，strong，bright，etc．变弱；减少; (of the moon) to show a gradually decreasing
portion of illuminated surface, between full moon and new moon月缺[亏]
The government's popularity is on the wane (n.) .
wane to the close 接近尾声, 即将完结;
Mad lust: frantic, insane, overmastering desire.
Kick (n. [colloq.]): pleasure高兴，兴奋
Casual kick: (American colloquialism or slang) an occasional pleasure; a casual relationship; a passing affair;
not a serious commitment
Comply: to act in accordance with rules, wishes, etc; be obedient (to) 顺从, 答应, 遵守
We should comply with the rules.
You must comply with her request/ the law.
He refused to comply with their wishes.
Bunch: to gather into loose folds or wads, as a dress, skirt, etc.皱起；使起褶
This curtain bunches up. 这块窗帘布皱起来了。
Gee: an exclamation of surprise, wonder, etc.
Delish: clipped vulgar form for “delicious”
Loom (v.) : appear，or come in sight indistinctly 隐约出现
No small dimensions: understatement or litotes, in which something is expressed by a negation of the contrary.
含蓄陈述法;保守的陈述
no small –great; not a few regrets–many regrets, etc.
Litotes: understatement by the use of negatives.间接肯定法, 反语法
He was a man of no mean wealth.
It’s not laughing matter.
He is no fool.
To have sth. at one’s finger tips: to be completely familiar with sth.; to have sth. available for instant use
对……了如指掌；手头有……（随时可供使用）
To pick sb. up: to come to take sb. in one’s car
Knoll: the name of the campus meeting place. Perhaps it was given this name because it was a small mound or
hillock.
Trysting place: meeting place, especially where lovers meet secretly
By all means.Of course; certainly
Tug (v.) :pull hard；drag；haul用力拉，拖，拖曳
Exasperation: great irritation or annoyance
A wave of : a suddenly rising and increasing feeling; a surge or rush, as of sensation
A wave of panic swept through the crowd.
a wave of nausea 一阵眩晕
a wave of indignation 一阵义愤
Get nowhere: to make no progress; accomplish nothing (here not know how to deal with the girl)
Plunge: to move violently and rapidly downward or forward; here used figuratively, meaning going on with
the explanation of the fallacy
plunge sb. into deep sorrow
Consul t: to refer to or turn to, especially for information.
Deposit : (formal and humorous) to put, lay or set down 放下，搁下
Crater: the mouth of a volcano
Ember: (usu. pl.) a small piece of glowing coal or wood in a dying fire
Smolder: burn slowly with smoke but without a flame闷烧; (esp. of anger, etc) to exist in a suppressed or
half-suppressed state郁积
It took hours for the ruins to smolder out.
Her eyes smoldered with jealousy
To be fraught with: to be filled, charged ,or loaded with充满…的；蕴含…的
a policy fraught with danger
A fluid situation fraught with uncertainty
Brief: a concise statement of the main points of a law case, usually filed by counsel for the information of the
court.案情摘要；诉讼案件
accept a brief on behalf of (律师)为…辩护, 接受…委托的案件
have plenty of briefs (律师)业务繁忙
take a brief (律师)接受诉讼案件
―Nuts‖ is an American slang. It is an exclamation of disgust, scorn, disappointment, refusal, etc.
go nuts 发狂
Nuts to you! 胡说! 去你的
be (dead) nuts on [about, round] [俚]极喜欢, 是...迷; 精通; 对...了如指掌
Dogged: obstinately determined; willful or tenacious顽固的, 顽强的
a dogged(坚持自己主张的) scholar
His dogged determination helped him to win the race.
It's dogged that/ as does it. [谚]有志者事竟成; 天下无难事, 只怕有心人。
Delicious: also used, chiefly by women, as a generalized term of approval
Yummy: (American colloquialism, echoic of a sound make in expressing pleasure at a taste) very tasty;
delectable [表示享受美味的象声词][口]美味的，可口的
Knock (oneself) out: (American slang) to elicit enthusiasm or an emotional response, especially deep
sympathy or laughter
The way that group plays really knocks me out.
Dreamy: (American slang) a general term of approval, excellent, wonderful, delightful, etc.
Fracture: (American slang) (humor, feeling, grand scene) give…deep impression, make …interested in,
make…laugh or quite excited [美俚]使着迷
That comedian really fractures me.
Big receptions and honors just fracture me.
Knit the brow: to draw the brows together (as when thinking very hard)
Creamy: soft, white color ( of Polly’s complexion)
Unit3 Glossary annual adj. happening or done once every year apart adv. not together; separate or separately; tell ~区分 arena n. an area of activity that concerns the public, esp. one where there is a lot ofopposition between different groups or countrics竞争舞台 back-breaking adj. (of physical work) Very hard and tiring艰苦繁重的 beet n. a plant with a root that is used as a vegetable, csp. for feeding animals or making sugar甜菜 bind v. to tie or fasten sb./sth. so that they can't move or are held together firmly botanist n. a scientist who studies plants and their structure植物学家 bountiful adj. in large numbers broadcast ad. scattered over a wide area撤播 bunch n. a number of things of the same type which are growing together; a~of一束串… catalogue n. a complete list of items, for example, of things that people can look at or buy cease v. to stop happening or existing chaos n. a state of complete confusion and disorder compensation n. things that make a bad situation better补偿 conceivable adj. able to be believed or imagined可想像的;可信的 conflict n. a situation where there are opposing ideas, opinions, feelings or wishes; a situation in which it is difficult to choose consume v. to use sth. esp. fuel, energy or time; time-~ing耗时的 creature n. a living thing real or imaginary, that can move around, such as an animal
UNIT 8 MONEY 1. Mr. Verder never thought that he would become a member of the board of directors (董事会) because of his __________ origin. A. humble B. previous C. critical D. false 2. __________ he told us __________. A. Until; that we understood B. Not until; did we understand C. It was not until; that did we understand D. Not until; then we understood 3. Now Thomson has obtained __________ from his boss to extend the field of his investigation. A. purchase B. insurance C. determination D. permission 4. __________ I had calmed down, my brain was also beginning to work much better. A. For B. Now that C. Lest D. Despite 5. My mother is anxious to hear any information __________ the results of election. A. concerned B. being concerned C. concerning D. having concerned 6. I spent the whole day repairing the car. The work was __________ easy. A. nothing but B. anything but C. something except D. all but 7.They are turned around in a huge machine to get them __________ the forces they will experience in space flight. A. use B. used C. used to D. be used to 8. Barbara __________ in doing it again though she had failed more than a dozen times. A. consisted B. insisted C. persisted D. assisted 9. Very few experts __________ with completely new answers to the world's economic problems. A. come to B. come round C. come on D. come up 10. Conservative (保守的) people tend to __________ traditional ideas. A. stick to B. turn out C. set aside D. take over 11. The development of industry __________ the attitudes of men toward art and architecture. A. effected B. spun C. affected D. instructed 12. My __________ to this problem is quite different from his. A. manner B. approach C. behavior D. means 13. John __________ the results of the election with amazing accuracy. A. examined B. predicted C. overlooked D. governed 14. Disabled people should not be __________ the chances to study in university. A. forbidden B. prevented C. rejected D. denied 15. The Prime Minister refused to __________ on the rumor that he had planned to give up his position. A. relate B. frown C. comment D. catch UNIT 7 CULTURE 1. He left the spot immediately, afraid of being ________ in the car accident. A. connected B. taken C. seated D. involved 2. As the dictionary says, “graciousness” ________ means being polite, kin d and generous. A. literally B. gracefully C. exactly D. constantly 3. He insisted that she ________ improve her oral English by doing a lot of practice. A. could B. would C. might D. should 4. We don't believe that those special kinds of leaves are _______. A. actual B. edible C. ridiculous D. comprehensive 5. She was scared to ________ her father’s wishes. A. go about B. go through C. go against D. go on 6. Many a parent ________ to go through this same painful process. A. have B. has C. are having D. is having 7. ________ the war finally came to an end. A. It was not until 1972 that B. No sooner it was 1972 than C. Hardly it was 1972 that D. Scarcely it was 1972 when 8. He drove to the airport to ________ Mr. Dixon who came to see him from Orillia. A. pick up B. set out C. call for D. tone down 9. It is considerate ________ you to do me a favor at this moment. A. to B. for C. of D. about
zombie n.还魂尸 Whiff n. 一吹, 一阵香气, 香烟的一口violation n.违反, 违背, 妨碍 vested adj. 既定的 underworld n. 黑社会 undercut v. 削弱, 廉价出售 ultimately adv.最后, 最终 troop n.群, 组,军队, 大量transportation n.运输, 运输工具, 运输系统symptom n.症状, 征兆 stigma n. 耻辱, 污名n. 柱头 stamp v.镇压，压制 smuggle v. 走私, 偷运, 偷带 sin n.原罪v.犯罪, 违反(教规) sentiment n.情绪, 感情, 观点, 感伤segregate v.分离, 隔离, 分凝adj.分离的segment n.部分, 弓形,瓣, 段, 节vt.分割sane adj.心智健全的, 明智的 sanction n.批准, 约束力,处罚 rum 朗姆酒 reverse v.逆转, 倒退, 互换；改变 repeal n. 废止, 撤消v. 废止, 撤消remove v.消除, 脱掉, 免除, 搬迁relentless adj.冷酷无情的, 不间断的reduce v.减少, 缩小, 使落魄, 简化, 还原recreation n.消遣, 娱乐 rebuttal n. 反驳, 反证 rationale l n.基本原理, 基础理论 pusher n. (毒品等的)非法销售者 pump v.用泵等抽出或压入 proverbial adj. 众所周知的 prosecutor n.公诉人, proponent n.提倡者, 支持者 prohibition n. 禁止, 禁令 premium n.额外费用, 奖金, 保险费 plus prep.加, 加上 persuasion n. 说服, 劝说, 信念 permanent adj.永久的, 持久的 per prep.每, 每一, 经过, 按照paradigm n.模式 outweigh v.比... 重要, 比... 有价值opium n. 鸦片, 麻醉剂 narcotic n. 麻醉药 multifaceted adj. 多层面的mount v.,举行 moralist n. 道德学家, 卫道士 mission n.使命, 代表团, 任务, 布道minimize v.将... 减到最少, 贬低 mild adj.温和的, marijuana n. 大麻 mainliner n. (静脉中注射毒品的)瘾君子logic n.逻辑, 逻辑学, 条理性, 推理 lift vt.解除（法令等） kick v.剔除，戒绝（恶习）intoxicant adj. 醉人的 insight n.洞察力 impoverish vt. 使贫困, 使贫瘠, 使枯竭impose v. 加上, 课征, 强迫, 征收(税款) illusory adj. 虚幻的, 幻觉的 illegal adj.非法的, 不合法的n.非法移民hooked adj.,吸毒成瘾的 heroin n. 海洛因 gaping adj.敞开的 exhortation n.劝告, 训词, 讲道词enforcement n.执行, 强制,实施 dwarf vt.使矮小 dramatically adv.戏剧地, 引人注目地 divine adj.神圣的, 神的 disprove vt.证明... 是不对的, 提出... 的反证demon n.魔鬼, 恶魔, deglamorize vt.使失去迷惑力criminalization n.(制定法律)宣告为非法criminal adj.犯罪的, 刑事的, 违法的 cop n.警察 antismoking adj. 反对吸烟的 confiscation n. 没收；征用；充公 coke n.
精读 apply / ??pla?; ?ˋpla?/ v (pt, pp applied) [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb) (for sth) make a formal request 申请; 请求: You should apply immediately, in person or by letter. 你应该立即申请, 亲自去也好, 写信也好. * apply to the publishers for permission to reprint an extract 向出版者请求准予转印节录* apply for a job, post, passport, visa申请工作﹑职位﹑护照﹑签证. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) put or spread sth (onto sth) 贴; 敷; 涂; 搽: apply the ointment sparingly 涂搽少许油膏* apply the glue to both surfaces 两面都涂上胶水* (fig 比喻) I'd never apply the word `readable' to any of his books. 我决不会把他的任何一本书称为是‘可以一读的’. [Tn] make (a law, etc) operate or become effective 使（法律等）实施或生效; 应用; 运 用: apply a law/rule/precept 执行法律[规则/规程] * apply economic sanctions施行经济制裁. [I, Ipr] ~ (to sb/sth) be relevant (to sb/sth); have an effect （与某人[某物]）有关; 有 效; 适用: These rules don't always apply. 这些规则并非总能行得通. * What I have said applies only to some of you. 我所说的只适用於你们当中的一部分人. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) cause (a force, etc) to affect sth 使用（力量等）对某事物 起作用: apply force, pressure, heat, etc 用力﹑压力﹑热力等* apply the brakes hard 用力刹车. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ oneself/sth (to sth/doing sth) concentrate one's thought and energy (on a task) 集中精力（做事）; 专心: You will only pass your exams if you really apply yourself (to your work). 你只有真正专心致志（用功）, 考试才能及格. * We must apply our minds to finding a solution. 我们要动动脑筋找出解决的办法来. [Tn, Tn.pr] ~ sth (to sth) make practical use of sth 运用, 应用某事物: The results of this research can be applied to new developments in technology. 这项研究成果能应用於新的技术开发方面. > applied / ??pla?d; ?ˋpla?d/ adj [usu attrib 通常作定语] used in a practical way; not merely theoretical 应用的; 实用的: applied mathematics, eg as used in engineering 应用数学（如用於工程学中者）* applied linguistics应用语言学. Cf 参看pure 5. deadline / ?dedla?n; ˋd?d?la?n/ n point in time by which sth must be done 截止时间（必须完成某事物的期限）: meet, miss a deadline 如期﹑超过期限* I have a March deadline for the novel, ie It must be finished by March. 我那本小说必须在三月完成. 牛津学生英语搭配词典 deadline noun ADJ.strict, tight
Glossary lesson 1 academic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年 affection 喜爱 affirm 断言 agenda 日程表 anxiety 焦虑 attitudinal 态度的 baptist bounce 跳跃 capability 能力contribute 贡献 counsel 建议 crisis 危机 definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分，差别distressed 悲伤 dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生)
encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋 ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的 financial 财政的 functional 职务的 genetic 基因的 guilt 内疚 heighten 提高 inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流 interaction 合作 involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊 masculine 男性的 maturity 成熟 mistrust 不信任
newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的 peer 同龄人 perceive 理解 position 工作 prejudiced 偏见 project 规划 rebel 抗议 relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责 seminary 学院的separation 分开 sexual 2性的 shrink 缩水 stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的lesson2
Racing takes everything you ' vegot -------- intellectually, (Unit 3 Book IV) (Unit 3 Book IV) Book IV) themselves more persuasive. (Unit 3 Book IV) with enthusiasm as she talked aubt ohow her new teaching method worked in her College English class. (Unit 3 Book IV)The waitress was so that Jane didn (Un 'it 3t tBipohokerI.V) A. cruel B. raw C. rude D. remote 41. 42. 43. 44. 45. 46. 47. 48. 49. 50. 51. 52. A. spiritually B. virtually C. practically D. physically Although the of the building hasn t suffered, the surface is badly damaged. emotionally, and A. structure B. constitution C. section D. conversation She received an increase in pay and it has in her attitude towards work. (Unit 3 Book IV) A. made an indifference B. made a difference C. made a way D. made a subway She appeared very nervous one evening. I asked her what was wrong, and she that she had fallen in love with Phil. (Unit 3 Book IV) A. blurted out B. warmed up C. prepared for D. closed up I looked at Tom 's pictures and found some of them so amusing and funny that I couldn help (Unit 3 Book IV) A. choking B. groaning C. chuckling D. mourning Your goals have to be so you ' ll know when you are making progress(.Unit 3 A. measurable B. immeasurable C. measuring D. measured Salespeople often try to learn about the needs of the buyer to make A. perspective B. respective C. prospective D. inspective We have only five months to make for the trip to the South Pole. (Unit 3 Book IV) A. deadlines B. housework C. remedies D. preparations Prof. Lee 's eyes A. twinkled B. stared C. sparkled D. glared In my senior year I took a at writing a novel, but without much success. (Unit 3 Book IV) A. crush B. clash C. smash D. crack To reduce weight, I am now learning to play golf with my business , who plays like a professional. (Unit 3 Book IV)
Unit 1 Adolescence :n. the time, usu. between the ages of 13 to 19,when a young person is developing into an adult 青春期 Adulthood :n. the time when you are an adult成年，成年期 affirm :v. to state that sth is true and you agree with it or support it, esp. in public 肯定，断言 agenda :n. a list of things to be done议程 approval :n. feeling or showing or saying that one thinks sth is good or acceptable or satisfactory 同意，批准 attitudinal :adj. related to attitude 态度的 Baptist :adj. 浸礼会教派的 Contribute :v. to help to cause sth to happen贡献，出力 counsel :v. to advise建议，劝告 crisis :n. a period of great danger,difficulty, or uncertainty危机 encyclopedia :n. a book or set of books containing facts on many different subjects or one particular subject 百科全书 endeavor :v. to try very hard努力，尽力 endowment :a quality or ability that sb has naturally捐赠，捐助 ethical :adj. connected with principles of what is right and what is wrong 道德的 ethnic :adj. relating to a particular race, nation, or tride and their customs and traditions 种族的 evaluate :v. to carefully consider sth in order to see how useful or valuable it is 评价，评估 excessive :adj. much more than is reasonable or necessary 过多的 feminine :adj. belonging to or considered typical of women or girls 女性的functional :adj. connected with the way human beings function in their daily lives 功能的 genetic :adj. connected with genes 遗传的 heighten :v. to intensify, to increase in degree 提高 inherit :v. to receive (genetic characters) from your parents 继承，遗传而得inhibition :n. a feeling of worry or embarrassment that stops you doing or saying what you really want to 抑制，压抑 interaction :n. the act or process of interacting相互作用 internalize :内化 masculine: adj. belonging to or considered typical of man or boys 男性的
UNIT 1 As we are at the start of the course, this seems a good moment to offer some advice on how to make the task of learning English easier. 课程开始之际，就如何使学习英语的任务更容易提出一些建议似乎正当其时。 Some Strategies for Learning English Learning English is by no means easy. It takes great diligence and prolonged effort. 学习英语绝非易事。它需要刻苦和长期努力。 Nevertheless, while you cannot expect to gain a good command of English without sustained hard work, there are various helpful learning strategies you can employ to make the task easier. Here are some of them. 虽然不经过持续的刻苦努力便不能期望精通英语，然而还是有各种有用的学习策略可以用来使这一任务变得容易一些。以下便是其中的几种。 1. Do not treat all new words in exactly the same way. Have you ever complained about your memory because you find it simply impossible to memorize all the new words you are learning? But, in fact, it is not your memory that is at fault. If you cram your head with too many new words at a time, some of them are bound to be crowded out. What you need to do is to deal with new words in different ways according to how frequently they occur in everyday use. While active words demand constant practice and useful words must be committed to memory, words that do not often occur in everyday situations require just a nodding acquaintance. You will find concentrating on active and useful words the most effective route to enlarging your vocabulary. 1. 不要以完全同样的方式对待所有的生词。你可曾因为简直无法记住所学的所有生词而抱怨自己的记忆力太差？其实，责任并不在你的记忆力。如果你一下子把太多的生词塞进头脑，必定有一些生词会被挤出来。你需要做的是根据生词日常使用的频率以不同的方式对待它们。积极词汇需要经常练习，有用的词汇必须牢记，而在日常情况下不常出现的词只需见到时认识即可。你会发现把注意力集中于积极有用的词上是扩大词汇量最有效的途径。 2. Watch out for idiomatic ways of saying things. Have you ever wondered why we say, "I am interested in English", but "I am good at French"? And have you ever asked yourself why native English speakers say, "learn the news or secret", but "learn of someone's success or arrival"? These are all examples of idiomatic usage. In learning English, you must pay attention not only to the meaning of a word, but also to the way native speakers use it in their daily lives. 2．密切注意地道的表达方式。你可曾纳闷过，为什么我们说“我对英语感兴趣”是“I'm interested in English”，而说“我精于法语”则是“I'm good at French”？你可曾问过自己，为什么以英语为母语的人说“获悉消息或秘密”是“learn the news or secret”，而“获悉某
现代大学英语精读2 Unit 1 Accomplishment n. the act of finishing sth. completely and successfully; achievement Acquire v. to gain; to get for oneself by one's own work Arrogantly adv. behaving in a proud and self-important way Art n. art, music, theatre, literature, etc. when you think of them as a group (统称) 艺术; fine ~ 美术 Aspirin n. 阿司匹林（解热镇痛药） Assume v. to take as a fact; to suppose Available adj. able to be used or easily found Average v. to calculate the average of sth. ; ~ out 其平均数为 Beanpole n. (infml) a very tall and thin person Bull n. a male cow Certify v. to state that sth. is true or correct, esp. after some kind of test Civilized adj. educated and refined; having an advanced culture Client n. a person who pays for help or advice from a person or organization Contain v. to have sth. Inside or as part of it Continuity n. the state of being continuous Cyanide n. 氰化物 Democratic adj. based on the idea that everyone should have equal rights and should be involved in making important decisions 民主的 Disaster n. a sudden event such as a flood, storm, or accident which causes great damage or suffering. Here: a complete failure Drugstore n. (AmE) a shop which sells medicine (and a variety of other things) Employ v. (here) to spend time doing sth. Enroll v. to officially arrange to join a school or university Essence n. the most important quality or feature of sth.; in ~ 本质上Expertise n. skill in a particular field Expose v. to enable sb. to see or experience new things or learn about new beliefs, ideas, etc. Faculty n. (AmE) all the teachers of a university or college Fragment n. a small piece of sth. Generate v. to produce Grind v. to crush into small pieces or powder by pressing between hard surfaces Hip n. the fleshy part of either side of the human body above the legs Humanity n. the qualities of being human Implicitly adv. in an implied way 含蓄地 Incompetence n. lack of the skill or ability to do your job or a task as it should be done 无能 Inevitable adj. certain to happen and impossible to avoid Intellect n. power of thought 思维能力 Invent v. to produce or design sth. that has not existed before Literal adj. in the basic meaning of a word
academic 学院的adolescence 青春期adolescent 青少年时期adulthood 成年affection 喜爱affirm 断言agenda 日程表anxiety 焦虑attitudinal 态度的baptist bounce 跳跃capability 能力contribute 贡献counsel 建议crisis 危机definite 清楚的developmental 发育的distinct 区分，差别distressed 悲伤 dorm 公寓，宿舍(大学生) encyclopedia 百科全书endeavor 尝试endowment 天赋ethical 道德的ethnic evaluate 估算，评估excessive 过分的，极度的feminine 女性的financial 财政的functional 职务的genetic 基因的guilt 内疚heighten 提高 inherit 遗传，继承inhibition 压抑的情绪interact 交流interaction 合作 involve （成功的）必要条件journal 期刊masculine 男性的maturity 成熟mistrust 不信任newscast 新闻广播parental 父母的peer 同龄人perceive 理解position 工作prejudiced 偏见project 规划rebel 抗议relate 理解，同情某人resentment 怨恨 role 职责seminary 学院的separation 分开sexual 2性的shrink 缩水stressful 有压力的superior 优秀的theological 神学的unquestionably 毫无疑问的 lesson2 alley n.小路, 巷bitterness n.苦味, 悲痛, 怨恨call it quits 停止civil war 内战Congressman n.国会议员, 众议院议员dirt road 土路down and out 落魄drip n.水滴vt.(使)滴下vi.(使)滴下druggist n.药商, 药材商, 药剂师【医】药商, 调剂员farmhouse n.农舍general n.一般, 将军, 大体a.全面的, 大体的, 总的, 一般的, 普遍的n.常规【计】常规【医】一般的, 全身性, 广泛的get hold of 抓住, 得到get word 获得消息, 听说, 得知 glimpse n.一瞥, 一闪vi.投以一瞥, 闪烁不定vt.瞥见fool around 闲荡, 干蠢事, 干无用的事, 干琐屑的事grand marshal 大元帅harness n.马具, 挽具状带子, 甲胄vt.给...上挽具, 驾驭, 披上甲胄, 利用...以产生动力headquarters n.总部, 司令部, 总部人员【经】本部, 总部, 总署hush n.肃静, 安静, 沉默vt.(使)肃静, (使)安静, (使)缄默interj.嘘, 别作声intimate a.亲密的, 私人的, 秘密的vt.暗示, 通知, 告诉n.至交【法】亲密的, 亲切的, 私人的lrish 爱尔兰的liven vt.使高兴, 使快活vi.快活起来livery n.制服, 侍从a.象肝的, 有肝病症状的 memoir n.传记, 实录, 追思录, 回忆录, 自传【化】研究报告miraculously ad.超自然, 非凡, 不可思议, 令人惊叹, 象奇迹一样, 奇迹般, 能创造奇迹momentary a.瞬间的, 刹那间的naked a.裸体的, 无装饰的, 无保护的, 赤贫的【医】裸露的orderly a.有秩序的, 整齐的, 值班的n.护理员, 清道夫, 传令兵, 勤务兵ad.依次地, 顺序地【医】男护理员parade n.游行, 炫耀, 阅兵vt.游行, 炫耀, (使)列队行进vi.游行, 炫耀, (使)列队行进pond n.池塘vt.筑成池塘vi.筑成池塘Presbyterian adj.长老制的, 长老会的n.长老教会员railroad n.铁路, 铁路公司vt.铺设铁路, 用铁路运输vi.在铁路工作【经】铁道, 铁路ridiculous a.荒谬的, 可笑的Scotsman n.苏格兰人，苏格兰男人shed n.车棚, 小屋, 脱落之物, 分水岭vt.使流出, 放射, 脱落, 散发, 摆脱vi.流出, 散布, 脱落【医】脱落, 脱换show up 揭露, 露出, 露面 smash n.打碎, 粉碎, 打碎时哗啦声, 猛击, 扣球, 杀球, 经营失败, 破产, 硬币, 假硬币a.非常轰动的, 了不起的vt.打碎, 粉碎, 击溃, 使破产, 使裂变, 使用假硬币vi.碎裂, 猛撞, 破产, 扣球, 杀球ad.轰隆一声, 哗啦一声surrender vt.交出, 放弃, 使投降, 让与vi.投降, 自首n.交出, 放弃, 投降Swede n.瑞典人Sweden sympathize vi.同情, 怜悯, 同意, 体谅 with thick with somebody 厚与某人windbag n.空话连篇的人, 风囊