精品文档
2000 年-2015 年专八短文改错试题
日专业八级考试改错21年3月2015When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show
______ 1. on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the
rink, my friend's mother remarked on the “plush”seats we had been
______ 2. given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context. “Plush”
______ 3. was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation; that ______ 4. much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and
so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren't they? My
______ 5. friend's mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her expression that I had not got the word quite right.
Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly
______ 6. means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both
______ 7. new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our
own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have
______ 8. asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the
______9. aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly,
but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English.
______ 10. So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.
2014改错
There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA)
emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s.
There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______
have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______
l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the
same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______
l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______
more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have?
l What motivates people to acquire additional language?
l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______
acquisition of additional languages?
l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the
learning of additional languages?
From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______
the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have
one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring
of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______
so. Whether one labels it “learning”or “acquiring”an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______
focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an
精品文档．
精品文档
individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are
involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (9) ______
or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the
classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (10) ______
2013 专八短文改错试题．
Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes
involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding,
production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____
listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language.
One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______
happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______
Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______
you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional
circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______
involved: if we are searching for a word but cannot remember it;
if a relative or colleague has had a stroke which has influenced (6) ______
their language; if we observe a child acquire language; if (7) ______
we try to learn a second language ourselves as an adult; or
if we are visually impaired or hearing-impaired or if we meet
anyone else who is. As we shall see, all these examples (8) ______
of what might be called “language in exceptional circumstances”
reveal a great deal about the processes evolved in speaking, (9) ______
listening, writing and reading. But given that language processes
were normally so automatic, we also need to carry out careful (10) ______ experiments to get at what is happening.
2012年
The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely. The argument
has been going since at least the first (1) ______
th century, many writers
century B.C. Up to the beginning of the 19favoured certain kind of “free”translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______
sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______
the manner. This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______
th wanted the truth to be read and understood. Then in the turn of 19 (5) _______ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that
the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______
was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _______
gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) _______
literal as possible. This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists”Walter Benjamin and Vladimir Nobokov.
The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the
nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed. Too
often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with
each other. Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains. (10) _____
精品文档．
精品文档
2011年专八真题改错部分
From a very early age, perhaps the age of five or six, I knew
that when I grew I should be a writer. Between the ages of about 1__________ seventeen and twenty-four I tried to abandon this idea, but I did so
with the conscience that I was outraging my true nature and that 2___________
soon or later I should have to settle down and write books. 3___________
I was the child of three, but there was a gap of five years 4__________
on either side, and I barely saw my father before I was eight. For
this and other reasons I was somewhat lonely, and I soon developed
disagreeing mannerisms which made me unpopular throughout my 5_____________ schooldays. I had the lonely child's habit of making up stories and
holding conversations with imaginative persons, and I think from 6_________
the very start my literal ambitions were mixed up with the feeling of 7________
being isolated and undervalued. I knew that I had a facility with words
and a power of facing in unpleasant facts, and I felt that this created 8________
a sort of private world which I could get my own back for my failure 9________
in everyday life. Therefore, the volume of serious —i.e. seriously 10________
intended —writing which I produced all through my childhood and
boyhood would not amount to half a dozen pages. I wrote my first
poem at the age of four or five, my mother taking it down to dictation.
2010年专八真题改错部分
So far as we can tell, all human languages are equally
complete and perfect as instruments of communication: that is,
every language appears to be well equipped as any other to say 1________________
the things their speakers want to say.
2________________
There may or may not be appropriate to talk about primitive 3________________ peoples or cultures, but that is another matter. Certainly, not all
groups of people are equally competent in nuclear physics or
psychology or the cultivation of rice . Whereas this is not the 4_____________
fault of their language. The Eskimos , it is said, can speak about
snow with further more precision and subtlety than we can in 5______________ English, but this is not because the Eskimo language (one of those
sometimes miscalled 'primitive') is inherently more precise and
subtle than English. This example does not come to light a defect 6______________
in English, a show of unexpected 'primitiveness'. The position is
simply and obviously that the Eskimos and the English live in similar 7____________ environments. The English language will be just as rich in terms 8____________
for different kinds of snow, presumably, if the environments in which
Englishwas habitually used made such distinction as important. 9_____________ Similarly, we have no reason to doubt that the Eskimo language
could be as precise and subtle on the subject of motor manufacture
or cricket if these topics formed the part of the Eskimos' life. 10____________
2009
The previous section has shown how quickly a rhyme passes
精品文档．
精品文档
from one school child to the next and illustrates the further difference (1)___________ between school lore and nursery lore. In nursery lore a verse,
learnt in early childhood, is not usually passed on again when the (2)___________ little listener has grown up, and has children of their own, or even (3)____________ grandchildren. The period between learning a nursery rhyme and
transmitting it may be something from twenty to seventy years. With (4)_____________ the playground lore, therefore, a rhyme may be excitedly passed (5)___________ on within the very hour it is learnt; and in the general, it passes
(6)_____________
between children of the same age, or nearly so, since it is uncommon
for the difference in age between playmates to be more than five
years. If ,therefore, a playground rhyme can be shown to have been
currently for a hundred years, or even just for fifty, it follows that it (7)__________
has been retransmitted over and over; very possibly it has passed (8)___________ along a chain of two or three hundred young hearers and tellers, and
the wonder is that it remains live after so much handling,
(9)____________
to let alone that it bears resemblance to the
(10)____________
2008年专八真题短文改错
The desire to use language as a sign of national identity is a
very natural one, and in result language has played a prominent ____1____
part in national moves. Men have often felt the need to cultivate ____2____
a given language to show that they are distinctive from another ____3____
race whose hegemony they resent. At the time the United States ____4____ split off from Britain, for example, there were proposals that
independence should be linguistically accepted by the use of a ____5____ different language from those of Britain. There was even one ____6____ proposal that Americans should adopt Hebrew. Others favoured
the adoption of Greek, though, as one man put it, things would
certainly be simpler for Americans if they stuck on to English ____7____ and made the British learn Greek. At the end, as everyone ____8____ knows, the two countries adopted the practical and satisfactory
solution of carrying with the same language as before. ____9____ Since nearly two hundred years now, they have shown the world ____10____
that political independence and national identity can be complete
without sacrificing the enormous mutual advantages of a common
language.
customer.
2015
1.looked改成looking
2.she后面加had
3.去掉第二个a
4.去掉it
精品文档．
精品文档
5.polite改成politely
6.which改成that
7.specially改成especially
8.this改成it
9.continually改成often
10.mend改成narrow
2014
1. 把of去掉。
2. 把possessed 改成attracted，
3. 把a改成the
4. 在facts 和adults之间加个that，
5. 把第二个the 去掉。
6. 把第二个of 改成in
7. 把attempts改成attempt
8. 把or 改成and
9. what改成how
10. 把touche改成touches
2013
1. production改成producing
2. 去掉the
3. 去掉accurately前面的so
4. looking改为look
5. we前面加that
6. 去掉colleague后面的has
7. their改成his
8. anyone改成pure老师someone
9. evolved改成involved
10. were改成are
2012
参考答案：
1．going∧since－加入on
题解：go on的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。
2．certain－改为a certain
题解：此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词。
3．rather－改为not
题解：根据原句的句子结构，rather应改为not。
4．is －改为was
题解：此句应该为过去时。
5．in －改为at
精品文档．
精品文档
th century“十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。题解：at the turn of 196．the －删去第二个the
题解：这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。
7．view∧translation－加入that
题解：在view和translation之间加上that，可将“translation was impossible”看成view的同位语。8．was－删去was
题解：条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。
9．culminated∧the－加入in
题解：culminate in是“以......告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。
10．and －改为but
题解：原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”，两句话之间应该是转折关系2011
1，在grow后加up, 考固定短语
2，改consience为consciousness 考词语区别，consience翻译为“良心，道德心”, consiousness 翻译为“意识”
3，改soon为sooner，sooner or later是固定短语
4，在child前加middle, 考上下文理解。作者是三个孩子句中的那位
5，改disagreeing 为disagreeable ，disagreeing只能作动名词，不能作形容词。disagreeable mannernisms
令人讨厌的习惯
6，改imaginative为imaginary, 考词语区别imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary
翻译为“想象的，虚构的”
7，改literal 为literary , 考词义区别，literal翻译为“字面的”，literary 翻译为“文学方面的”8，去掉face后的in，face接宾语时是及物动词。考动词的基本用法
9，在world后加in或者改which为where, 考定语从句
10，改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness, 考语境。
感悟：11专八改错相对前几年专八改错要简单一点。本人认为词义区别考得过多了。
2010
2010年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词
1 be后插入as; as…as引导的比较级
2 their改为its; its代替every language
3 There改为It; It此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式
4 Whereas改为But ；语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比
5 further 改为much further不能修饰比较级
6 come改为bring; (sth)come to light , bring sth to light
bring to light the defect of English =bring the defect of english to light 揭示英语的缺陷
7 similar改为different; 根据语境应该用different
8 will改为would; 虚拟语气
9 as important去掉as;
10 the part去掉the或者改the为a be/become/form (a) part of 是固定短语
2009
答案分析：
(1) the further difference改为a further difference（此次应该用不定冠词表示泛指）
精品文档．
精品文档
(2) 改when 为until, 结构not...until翻译为“直到……才”
(3)their改为his（代词与前文a little listener在单复数上保持一致）
(4)something 改为anything 此处指二十到七十的任何时段
(5)therefore改为however （根据上下文逻辑关系）
(6) in the general去掉the （习惯用法in general 表示总的来说，一般不用冠词）
(7) currently 改为current （这里起的是表语的作用，需要形容词而不是副词）
(8) it has passed改为it has been passed （与分号前的被动保持一致）
(9) live 改为alive alive翻译为“鲜活的”，一般作补语；live翻译为“现场转播的；活的”，一般作定语
(10) to let alone改为let alone (let alone 为习惯搭配，意思是“更不用说
2008
1. in result 改成in consequence，
2 moves改成movements.
3 distinctive改成distinct或different
4 在time后加when
5 accepted 改成realized
6 those改成that
7 删除on,
8 At 改成In
9 carrying with 改成carrying on with
10 now改成ago
2007
1, 改and为or, any languagages today or recordsof ancient languages 是并列成分，在否定句中用or
2, 改show为showing, 现在分词作定语
3，删除the, 表示泛指
4，改and为but, 根据语境此处是转折
5，改large为larger, 后面有than, 应该用比较级
6，改in为on, on other grounds “基于其它理由”，为固定搭配
7，改return为response , in response to “对……作出反应”
8，删除on, emphasize sth emphasize是及物动词
9，在large前加a, extent 是可数名词，前面要加冠词。瑜??慬杲?硥整瑮翻译为“在很大程度上”为固定形式those those that/whothese为10，改
2006
1, 改agreeing为agreed agreed conventions翻译为“习俗”
2，words前加the, 此处为特指
3，改in为at at one's disposal为固定短语，翻译为“由某人做主”
4，改enables为enable，定语从句与先行词vocabulary and a set of grammatical rules保持一致5，删除the, 此处需要泛指
6，改old为older, 此处需要比较级
7，改seen为understood，system应该是被理解
8．，删除it take sth for granted take it for granted that…
9, 改or为and ,语境需要并列关系而不需选择关系
10，most前加the, 形容词最高级中that一般不能省略
精品文档．
精品文档
2005
1. investing应改为invested，过去分词作定语
2. 在irrespective和fluctuations之间加上介词of。irrespectiveOf是一固定用法，意指“不论，不管，不顾，”等，此处指公司不顾收入的波动变化。
3. 把those改为that，that此处代替outlook
4．在fact和economic之间力口上关系代词that。这是一个同位语从语，that在同位语从句中是不能省略的.
5．把定冠词the去掉, in school表示上学这个抽象意义
6．把形容词poor改为其比较级poorer。这句中的poor与后面的more形成一对比较关系，表示“越……越……”
7．在ways和which之间加上一个介词in。
8．这里应该用动词的—lng形式，即eliminating，以便使句型结构与前面的giving(students a governance role)保持一致，否则句子结构和意思都显得不正确。
9．将shorten(缩短；使变短)改为reduce/lesson/weaken。此处属于用词不当。
10．将to give discounts on改为to give discounts to their best customer。意为实业公司给最好的客户提供优惠。Give discounts to sb为固定短语
2004
1.,在set 后加up, set up“建立、成立”是固定短语
2.答案：consisted →consisting/composed
3.答案：in →on
【详细解答】固定搭配on ...occasions
4.答案rely后加on
【详细解答】固定搭配rely on sb. to do something
5.答案：make out →make
【详细解答】make out 意思是“辨认出”，而此处意思是“对...做详细的研究”，故用“make detailed studies
of...”即可。
6.答案：its →their
【详细解答】此处指代的是“investigations”, 故用复数。
7.答案：public →the public
【详细解答】the +adj. 可表示某一类人，此处意思是“面向公众”，故应用“the public”。
8.答案：nevertheless →therefore/ thus
【详细解答】此处不是表示意思的转折，而是与前文构成因果关系，故可改为therefore 或thus。
9.答案：interests →interest
【详细解答】此处看成不可数名词为佳
10.答案：these →those
【详细解答】those 指代witnesses , 即指代名词复数做定语从句的先行词，而these不行
2003
1. 答案：height→high，high 作为名词翻译为“最高水平”，又如reach an all-time high
精品文档．
精品文档
2．答案：删除a
【详细解答】此处steady decline指稳定下降的行为、过程而不是其结果，为不可数名词，故应去掉定冠词a。
3．答案：went后加on
【详细解答】go on为固定搭配，意为“持续”。
4．答案：high→higher
【详细解答】后面有than，此处应为比较级。
5．答案：Europe→European
【详细解答】根据上下文，此处应用形容词作定语修饰名词counterparts。
6．答案：more
【详细解答】由上下文可知，more与equally矛盾，故应去掉。
7．答案：nevertheless→also
【详细解答】由上下文可知，此处讲的内容与前部分内容之间为递进关系，而非转折关系。
8．答案：that→those
【详细解答】由上下文可知，此处所指代的应为前面复数形式的marriages，故指示代词也应该用复数形式。
9．答案：Since→Although（或While）
【详细解答】从逻辑上讲，此处应表达让步关系，而非因果关系。
10．答案：in→to
【详细解答】to．．．extent为固定搭配，意为“到……程度”
2002
答案与详解
1.答案：
【详细解答】前半句意为“发音是在无意识之中学成的”，后半句意为“拼写是有意识地学成的”，它们之来连接。间是对比关系，故应该用连词while2.答案：
【详细解答】be unconscious of是固定搭配，意为“无意识地，未意识到”。即“我们之中很多人一辈子都。”不知道自己的话听起来是什么样的it后加 3.答案：speak【详细解答】speak out 意为“大胆地说出”，在这里句意不通。在speak out中加上it，指代前面的speech，。”意为“当我们说出话后，自己听起来像什么4.答案：
【详细解答】firstly表示顺序中的“第一”，first则表示时间上的“第一次，首次”。这里是说“当我们第一才合乎句意。改为first次听到自己的录音时，通常会震惊”。故应将firstly5.答案：【详细解答】在定语从句中，如果先行词是代词something，everything，nothing，little，few等时，关系词应用that而不是which，故此处应将which改为that。
6.答案：
【详细解答】本文通篇用的都是一般现在时，所以此处也应用一般现在时，使上下文保持时态一致。
7.答案：删除per或
的意思，在此属重复错误，故将两者去掉一个即可。“每”和【详细解答】perevery都是
8.答案：
【详细解答】根据句子结构，句中缺少一形式主语，而作形式主语的只能是代词it，this是“这”的意思，精品文档．
精品文档
。it 不能用做形式主语，所以应将this改为
9.答案：community后加
【详细解答】hold意为“抓住，占据，包含”。此处想表达的意思是“语言用作使社区具有凝聚力、给人归属感的一种方式”，用hold a community不能表达此意；hold sth．together表示“使结
合在一起不破，的意思，符合句意。”使团结一致
10.答案：
【详细解答】要表达距离上的远近，在英语中通常用副词away。far表示“远，从（到）很远距离”，不合句意。
2001
1.答案：as→so
此处不是比较，so 翻译为“如此”
2.答案：increasing→increasingly
【详细解答】increasing可用来修饰名词，表示“正在增加”，修饰名词topic不合题意。本句中应该用副词作状语修饰形容词favorite，所以应该改用副词increasingly。
3.答案：so→but
【详细解答】根据上下文判断，小麦价格在秋天不断下降，但是农民不能等着市场提升价格。这里应该是转折关系，而不是因果关系。
4.答案：soon或shortly
【详细解答】要表达“不久以后”，要么用soon after，要么用shortly after，就是没有soo n shortly after这种搭配。
5.答案：rich→richer
【详细解答】根据上下文，这里是说由于价格上涨，投机商们变得更加富有，故应该改用形容词的比较级形式。
6.答案：asked后加for
【详细解答】ask for为固定搭配，意为“要求，请求”。
7.答案：involving→involved
【详细解答】be involved in为一固定搭配，意为“被卷入…”，这里的be为连系动词，可用become替换。
8.答案：1ife→living
【详细解答】根据上下文，这里要表达的意思是“生活费用”，应为living costs。life则意为“生命”，不能修饰costs。
9.答案：删除with
【详细解答】handle为及物动词，应直接带宾语。
10.答案：total→full
【详细解答】total意为“总体的，全体的”，指一种整体的概念。而这里要表达的是“全部的权威”，精品文档．
精品文档
英语中常用full authority。
2000
1.答案：删除seem后的the
【详细解答】本句中的most为副词，不是最高级形式，故不用定冠词the。翻译为“极其”
2.答案：but→and
【详细解答】根据文章内容判断，but后面的陈述与前文并不是相反之意，而是并列关系。
3.答案：in→to
【详细解答】as opposed to为固定搭配，意为“与……对照，与……相比”。
4.答案：misled→misleading
【详细解答】根据句意，这里的方式（way）是对他人有误导，不是被他人误导。所以应该用m islead的现在分词表示主动的含义。
5.答案：away
【详细解答】far away from意为“距离某处很远”，而far from being则意为“远不是，远够不上”。根据上下文，这里是说“远非毫无意义”，故应该用短语far from being。
6.答案：single→only
【详细解答】此处用only修饰vehicle比用single更符合习惯用法。
7.答案：as→in
【详细解答】本句中的介词in表示“在……方面”，as则无此意。
8.答案：mean→means
【详细解答】by no means为固定搭配，意为“丝毫不，绝不”。
9.答案：have后加such
【详细解答】such …as是常见表达方式，用来举例说明。
10.答案：number改为deal/amount
精品文档．
01到14年专八汉译英真题及答案： 2014年本题是一篇典型的文学翻译，原文选自老舍名篇《我的母亲》。老舍的作品生活气息浓郁，语言朴实直白。因此，在翻译本篇时不仅要注意忠实于文字意义，更要忠实地再现原文的语言风格，所以要避免用过于高级的词汇表达和句子结构，用平实的语句表达出原文的精神面貌。 当我在小学毕了业的时候，亲友一致的愿意我去学手艺，好帮助母亲。我晓得我应当去找饭吃，以减轻母亲的勤劳困苦。可是，我也愿意升学。我偷偷的考入了师范学校——制服，饭食，书籍，宿处，都由学校供给。只有这样，我才敢对母亲说升学的话。入学，要交十圆的保证金。这是一笔巨款！母亲作了半个月的难，把这巨款筹到，而后含泪把我送出门去。她不辞劳苦，只要儿子有出息。当我由师范毕业，而被派为小学校校长，母亲与我都一夜不曾合眼。我只说了句：“以后，您可以歇一歇了！”她的回答只有一串串的眼泪。 参考译文：After I graduated from primary school，relatives and friends all suggested that I should drop out and learn a trade to help my mother. Although I knew that I ought to seek a livelihood to relieve mother of hard work and distress，I still aspired to go on with study. So I kept learning secretly. I had no courage to tell mother about the idea until admitted to a normal school which provided free uniforms，books，room and board. To enter the school，I had to pay ten Yuan as a deposit. This was a large sum of money for my family. However，after two weeks' tough effort，mother managed to raise the money and sent me off to school in tears afterwards. She would spare no pains for her son to win a bright future. On the day when I was appointed the schoolmaster after graduation，mother and I spent a sleepless night. I said to her，"you can have a rest in the future." but she replied nothing，only with tears streaming down her face. 2013年 生活像一杯红酒，热爱生活的人会从中品出无穷的美妙。将它握在手中观察，它的暗红有血的感觉，那正是生命的痕迹。抿一口留在口中回味，它的甘甜有一丝苦涩，如人生一般复杂迷离。喝一口下肚，余香润人心肺，让人终受益。红酒越陈越美味，生活越丰富越美好。当人生走向晚年，就如一瓶待开封的好酒，其色彩是沉静的，味道中充满慷慨于智慧。 Life is like a cup of wine; people who love it discover inexhaustible wonders from it. Hold in the hand and gaze at it, the dark red color is reminiscent of the blood, which is the impress of life. Take a sip of it and appreciate the taste, the bittersweet flavor is exactly the same with life, which is complicated and blurred. Once the sip is swallowed, the lingering fragrance pleases the heart and refreshes the mind, leaving a person lifelong benefit. There was a remarkable resemblance between life and wine: the taste becomes more delicious as the wine mellows, just as life gets better as it becomes more abundant. When life comes to twilight years, it looks calm and tastes full of wisdom and generosity, just like a bottle of wine to be savored.
专业英语八级改错练习题及答案解析(30) Why does the idea of progress loom so large in the modern world? Surely because progress of particular kind is actually taking place around us and is more and more manifesting. Although mankind has undergone no general improvement in intelligence or morality, it has made extraordinary progress in the accumulation of knowledge. Knowledge begins to increase as soon as the thoughts of one individual could be communicated to another by mean of speech. With the invention of writing, knowledge could be communicated and stored. Libraries made education possible, and education in turn added libraries: the growth of knowledge followed a kind of compound-interest law, which was greatly enhanced by the invention of printing. All this was comparatively slow until, with the coming of science, the tempo was suddenly risen. Then knowledge began to be accumulated according to a systematic plan.However, as soon as new knowledge is acquired, it is now turned to practical account. What is called “modern civilization” is not the result of a balanced development of all man’s nature, but not of accumulated knowledge applied to practical life. The problem now facing humanity is: What is going to be done with all this knowledge? Like is often pointed out, knowledge is a two edged weapon which could be used equally for good or evil. It is now being frequently used indifferently for both. Could any spectacle, for instance, be more grimly whimsical than that gunners using science to shatter men’s bodies while, clo se at hand, surgeons use it to restore them. 1 ________ 2 ________ 3 ________ 4 ________ 5 ________ 6 ________ 7 ________ 8 ________ 9 ________ 10 _______
2000 年 -2015 年专八短文改错试卷 2015 年 3 月 21 日专业八级考试改错 When I was in my early teens, I was taken to a spectacular show on ice by the mother of a friend. Looked round a the luxury of the rink, my friend ’s mother remarked on the “plush ”seats we had been given. I did not know what she meant, and being proud of my vocabulary, I tried to infer its meaning from the context.“Plush”was clearly intended as a complimentary, a positive evaluation 。 that much I could tell it from the tone of voice and the context. So I started to use the word. Yes, I replied, they certainly are plush, and so are the ice rink and the costumes of the skaters, aren’tthey? My friend ’s mother was very polite to correct me, but I could tell from her expression that I had not got the word quite right. Often we can indeed infer from the context what a word roughly means, and that is in fact the way which we usually acquire both new words and new meanings for familiar words, specially in our own first language. But sometimes we need to ask, as I should have asked for Plush, and this is particularly true in the aspect of a foreign language. If you are continually surrounded by speakers of the language you are learning, you can ask them directly, but often this opportunity does not exist for the learner of English. So dictionaries have been developed to mend the gap.1.______ 2. ______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6.______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 2014 改错 There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions (1) ______ have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (2) ______ l Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (3) ______ l What is the explanation for the fact adults have (4) ______ more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? l What motivates people to acquire additional language? l What is the role of the language teaching in the (5) ______ acquisition of additional languages? l What social-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (6) ______ the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (7) ______ so. Whether one labels it “learning ” or “acquiritionalg ” an addi language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (8) ______ focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析 About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University. The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____ within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size. This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____ the United Nation’s Children’s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____
Electricity is such a part of our everyday lives and so much taken for granted nowadays 1 ___ we rarely think twice when we switch on the light or turn on the TV set. At night, roads are brightly lit, enabling people and 2 ___ to move freely. Neon lighting used in advertising has become part of the 3 ___ of every modern city. In the home, many 4 ___ devices are powered by electricity. 5 ___ when we turn off the bedside lamp and are 6 ___ asleep, electricity is working for us, 7 ___ our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned. Every day, trains, buses and subways take us to and from work. We rarely 8 ___ to consider why or how they run——9 ___ something goes wrong. In the summer of 1959, something 10 ___ go wrong with the power-plant that provided New York with electricity. For a great many hours, life came almost to a 11 ___. Trains refused to move and the people in them sat in the dark, 12 ___ to do anything; lifts stopped working, so that 13 ___ you were lucky enough not to be 14. ___ between two floors, you had the unpleasant task of finding your way down 15 ___ of stairs. Famous streets like Broadway and Fifth Avenue in a(n) 16 ___ became as gloomy and uninviting 17 ___ the most remote back streets. People were afraid to leave their houses, ___ 18. although the police had been ordered to 19 ___ in case of emergency, they were just as confused and 20 ___ as anybody else. 1.A.that B. thus C. as D. so 2. A.car B. truck C. traffic D. pedestrians 3.A. appearance B. character C. distinction D. surface 4.A. money-saving B. time-saving C. energy-saving D. labour-saving 5.A. Only B. Rarely C. Even D. Frequently 6.A. fast B. quite C. closely D. quickly 7. A. moving B. starting C. repairing D. driving 8.A. trouble B. bother C. hesitate D. remember 9.A. when B. if C. until D. after 10.A. did B. would C. could D. Should 11.A. pause B. terminal C. breakdown D. standstill 12.A. incompetent B. powerless C. hesitant D. helpless 13. A.although B. when C. as D. even if 14. A.trapped B. placed C. positioned D. locked 15.A. steps B. levels C. flights D. floors 16.A. time B. instant C. point D. minute 17.A. like B. than C. for D. as 18.A. for B. and C. but D. or 19.A. stand aside B. stand down C. stand by D. stand in 20.A. aimless B. helpless C. unfocused D. undecided
TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2011) GRADE EIGHT TIME LIMIT: 195 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONL Y. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Some of the gaps may require a maximum of THREE words. Make sure the word(s) you fill in is (are) both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may refer to your notes while completing the task. Use the blank sheet for note-taking. Now, listen to the mini-lecture. Classifications of Cultures According to Edward Hall, different cultures result in different ideas about the world. Hall is an anthropologist. He is interested in relations between cultures. I. High-context culture A. feature - context: more important than the message - meaning: (1)__________ i.e. more attention paid to (2) ___________ than to the message itself B. examples - personal space - preference for (3)__________ - less respect for privacy / personal space - attention to (4)___________ - concept of time - belief in (5)____________ interpretation of time - no concern for punctuality - no control over time II. Low-context culture A. feature - message: separate from context - meaning: (6)___________ B. examples - personal space - desire / respect for individuality / privacy - less attention to body language
2012年3月专八真题：改错部分 The central problem of translating has always been whether to translate literally or freely．The argument has been going since at least the first (1) ______ century ．Up to the beginning of the 19th century, many writers favoured certain kind of “free” translation: the spirit, not the letter; the (2) _______ sense not the word; the message rather the form; the matter not (3) _______ the manner．This is the often revolutionary slogan of writers who (4) _______ wanted the truth to be read and understood．Then in the turn of the 19th (5) ____ century, when the study of cultural anthropology suggested that the linguistic barriers were insuperable and that the language (6) _______ was entirely the product of culture, the view translation was impossible (7) _____ gained some currency, and with it that, if was attempted at all, it must be as (8) __ literal as possible．This view culminated the statement of the (9) _______ extreme “literalists” Walter Benjamin and Vladimi r Nobokov. The argument was theoretical: the purpose of the translation, the nature of the readership, the type of the text, was not discussed．Too often, writer, translator and reader were implicitly identified with each other． Now, the context has changed, and the basic problem remains．(10) _____ 参考答案： 1．going后加on 2．certain改为a certain 3．rather改为not 4．is 改为was
2015年英语专四真题及参考答案 （部分答案仅做参考） (2015-04-23) PART I DICTATION Male and Female Roles in Marriage In the traditional marriage,the man worked to earn money for the family./ The woman stayed at home to care for the children and her husband./In recent years, many couples continue to have a traditional relationship of this kind./Some people are happy with it.But others think differently./ There are two major differences in male and female roles now./One is that both men and women have many more choices./They may choose to marry or stay single./They may choose to work or to stay at home./A second difference is that,within marriage many decisions are shared./If a couple has children,the man may take care of them/ some of the time,all of the time or not at all./The woman may want to stay at home/or she may want to go to work./Men and women now decide these things together in a
2017年英语专业八级考试改错模拟测试 题及答案5 I think it is true to saying that, in general, language teachers (26) have paid little attention to the way sentences are used in combination to form stretches of disconnected discourse. They have tended to take (27) their cue from the grammarian and have concentrated to the teaching (28) of sentences as self-contained units. It is true that these are often represented in "contexts" and strung together in dialogues and (29) reading passages, but these are essentially setting to make the formal properties of the sentences stand out more clearly, properties which are then established in the learners brain(30) by means of practice drill and exercises. Basically, the language teaching unit is the (31)
2015年英语专业四级真题听力理解（15分）试题及参考答案【B卷】 【A卷】1-5BCACB 6-10DABCD 11-15BDADA 16-20BCCAD 21-25CABAA 26-30DABAD 【B卷】1-5BDADA 6-10DCBAD 11-15BCACB 16-20BACCD 21-25BABAD 26-30ABAAD PART II LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A CONVERSATIONS Conversation one 1. Why is the trip to Mars a one-way trip? B A. The return trip is too expensive. B. There is no technology to get people back. C. People don’t want to return. D. The return trip is too risky. 2. According to the man, what is more important for those recruits? D A. Intelligence. B. Health. C. Skills. D. Calmness. 3. What is the last part of the conversation about? A A. The kind of people suitable for the trip. B. Interests and hobbies of the speakers. C. Recruitment of people for the trip. D. Preparation for the trip to Mars. Conversation Two 4. What is showrooming? D A. Going to the high street. B. Visiting everyday shops. C. Buying things like electrical goods. D. Visiting shops and buying online. 5. According to the conversation, the man had bought all the following things online EXCEPT A. A. shoes B. CDs C. camera D. food
历年专八短文改错试题 2014年英语专八改错真题答案 There is widespread consensus among scholars that second language acquisition (SLA) emerged as a distinct field of research from the late 1950s to early 1960s. There is a high level of agreement that the following questions ( a 前面加also) have possessed the most attention of researchers in this area: (possessed 改为captured) Is it possible to acquire an additional language in the same sense one acquires a first language? (one前面加as ) What is the explanation for the fact adults have (fact后面加that) more difficulty in acquiring additional languages than children have? What motivates people to acquire additional languages? What is the role of the language teaching in the (language前面去掉the) acquisition of an additional language? What socio-cultural factors, if any, are relevant in studying the learning of additional languages? From a check of the literature of the field it is clear that all (去掉the) the approaches adopted to study the phenomena of SLA so far have one thing in common: The perspective adopted to view the acquiring of an additional language is that of an individual attempts to do (attempts改为attempting) so. W hether one labels it “learning” or “acquiring” an additional language, it is an individual accomplishment or what is under (or 改为and) focus is the cognitive, psychological, and institutional status of an individual. That is, the spotlight is on what mental capabilities are involving, what psychological factors play a role in the learning (involving改为involved) or acquisition, and whether the target language is learnt in the classroom or acquired through social touch with native speakers. (touch改为contact) 2013英语专八改错真题答案 Psycho-linguistics is the name given to the study of the psychological processes involved in language. Psycholinguistics study understanding, production and remembering language, and hence are concerned with (1) _____ listening, reading, speaking, writing, and memory for language. One reason why we take the language for granted is that it usually (2) ______ happens so effortlessly, and most of time, so accurately. (3) ______ Indeed, when you listen to someone to speaking, or looking at this page, (4) ______ you normally cannot help but understand it. It is only in exceptional circumstances we might become aware of the complexity (5) ______
英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(一) About half of the infant and maternal deaths in developing countries could be avoided if women had used family planning methods to prevent high risk ____1____ pregnancies, according to a report publishing recently by the Johns Hopking ____2____ University. The report indicates that 5.6 million infant deaths and 2,000,000 maternal Deaths could be prevented this year if women chose to have theirs children ____3____ within the safest years with adequate intervals among births and limited their ____4____ families to moderate size. This amounts to about half of the 9.8 million infant and 370.000 maternal deaths in developing countries, excluded China, estimated for this year by ____5____ the United Nation?s Children?s Fund and the US Centers for Disease Control respectably. China was excluded because very few births occur in the high ____6____ risk categories. The report says that evidences from around the world shows the risk of ____7____ maternal or infant ill and death is the highest in four specific types of ____8_____ pregnancy; pregnancies before the mother is 18 year old; those after the ____9____ mother is 35 years old; pregnancies after four births; and those lesser than ____10____ two years apart. 参考答案及解析: 1 将had used 改为used。因为此句是虚拟语气，表示与现在事实相反，故条件从句中应使用一般过去时。例如：Many would be wise if they did not think themselves wise. 许多人原本会成为聪明人－如果他们不自以为聪明的话。 2 将publishing改为published;report和publish时逻辑动宾关系，故应使用publish的过去分词短语来修饰report。例如：Any discovery that we may make, however small, will remain acquired knowledge. 任何可能的发现，不管多么微不足道，都将成为知识宝库中的一部分。 3 将theirs改为their; 4 将among改为between;在两次怀孕期间留出足够的间隔时间，故用between。 5 将过去分词excluded改为介词excluding。excluding意为“不包括…” 6 将respectably改为respectively;respectively 意为“分别地”，符合句子的意思。而respectably 意为“可敬的，值得尊敬地”。 7将evidences改为evidence。evidence是不可数名词。 8将ill改为illness。 9将year改为years。 10将lesser改为less 英语专业八级改错练习题及答案解析(二) “Home, sweet home” is a phrase that express an essential attitude in the United States. Whether the reality of life in the family house is sweet or no sweet, the cherished ideal of home _____1_____ has great importance for many people. This ideal is a vital part of the American dream. This dream, dramatized in the history of nineteenth century European settlers of American West, was to find a piece of place, build a house _____2_____