英语动词有两种语态：
主动语态和被动语态。主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。如：Many people speak English．（主动语态）
English is spoken by many people．（被动语态）
1．被动语态的构成
由于不及物动词不能带宾语，故无被动语态，只有及物动词或相当于及物动词的动词短语才有被动语态，其基本构成方式是“助动词be＋过去分词”。
注意：“be＋过去分词”结构不一定都是被动语态，有些动词（如be，feel，look，seem等）后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，用作表语表示状态。如：
My bike is broken．（我的自行车坏了。）
The door is open．（门开了。）
2．主动语态改被动语态的方法
1）将主动语态改为被动语态应注意以下三个方面：①将主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语；②将主动语态的谓语动词改为“be＋过去分词”结构；③将主动语态的主语改为介词by之后的宾语，放在谓语动词之后（有时可省略）。
2）含直接宾语和间接宾语的主动语态改为被动语态时有两种情况：①把间接宾语改为被动语态的主语，直接宾语仍保留原位；②把直接宾语改为主动语态的主语，此时，间接宾语前要加介词to或for。如：
He gave the boy an apple．→The boy was given an apple．（或An apple was given to the boy．）
Her father bought her a present．→She was bought a present by her father．（或A present was bought for her by her father．）
3）不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语的主动语态，改为被动语态时不定式前要加to。如：
They watched the children sing that morning．→The children were watched to sing that morning．
4）带复合宾语的动词在改为被动语态时，一般把主动语态的宾语改为主语，宾语补足语在被动语态中作主语补足语。如：
We call him Xiao Wang．→He is called Xiao Wang．
He cut his hair short．→His hair was cut short．
They told him to help me．→He was told to help me．
5）短语动词是不可分割的整体，改为被动语态时要保持其完整性，介词或副词不可遗漏。如：
We must take good care of the young trees．→The young trees must be taken good care of．
6）含有宾语从句的主动结构变为被动结构时，通常用it作为被动结构的先行主语，从句放在句子后面；也可采用另一种形式。可以这样转换为被动结构的动词有know，say，believe，find，think，report等。如：People believe that he is ill．→It is believed that he is ill．（或：He is believed to be ill．）
3．被动语态改为主动语态的方法：
被动语态中介词by后的宾语改为主动语态中的主语（或按题意要求确定主语），按照这个主语的人称和数以及原来的时态把谓语动词形式由被动语态改为主动语态。注意在主动语态中有的动词要求不带to的动词不定式作宾语补足语，此时要把被动语态中的to去掉。被动语态的主语用来作主动语态的宾语。如：History is made by the people．The people make history．
4．不能用于被动语态的情况
1）某些表示“静态”的及物动词（表示状态而不是动作，而且常常是不可用于进行时态的动词）如have，fit，suit，hold（容纳），cost，suffer，last（持续）等不能用于被动语态。如：
They have a nice car．他们有一辆漂亮的汽车。
My shoes don't fit me．我的鞋不合适。
My brain can't hold so much information at one time．我的脑子一下子记不住这么多资料。
How much ／What does it cost？这值多少钱？
Our holiday lasts 10days．我们的假期有十天。
This food will last（them）（for）3days．这食物足够（他们）（吃）三天。
2）不是所有带介词的动词都能用于被动结构。若是构成成语动词通常有被动态，若不构成成语动词则无被动态。试比较：
They arrived at a decision． A decision was arrived at．他们作出了决定。
They arrived at the station．他们到达车站。（不说：The station was arrived at．）
He looked into the question．The question was looked into．他调查了这个问题。
3）动词leave（离开），enter（进入），join（参加）不可用于被动语态。如：
The car left the road and hit a tree．车子离开了道路，撞上了树。
4）某些及物动词可作不及物动词用，特别是后加副词（如well，easily等）时。主动语态有被动含义，这类动词常见的有sell，write，wear，wash，cook，open，close，lock，read，record等。如：
His new novel is selling well．他的新小说很畅销。The cloth washes well．这布很耐洗。
This material won't wear．这种材料不耐穿。His play won't act．他的戏剧不会上演。
The window won't shut．这窗关不上。The door won't open．这门打不开。
The door won't lock．这门锁不上。This poem reads well．这首诗读来很好。
5）feel，look，appear，sound，taste，smell等由实意动词演变而来的系动词，后接形容词作表语，不可用于被动语态。如：
Tell me if you feel cold．你要是感到冷就告诉我。
You're looking very unhappy—what's the matter？你看来很不高兴———怎么回事儿？
The soup tastes wonderful．这汤味道好极了。
Those roses smell beautiful．那些玫瑰好闻极了。
She appears to be friendly．她看上去很友好。
6）宾语是不定式或动词的-ing形式时，不可用于被动语态。如：
Peter hoped to meet her．彼得希望遇见她。
Mr Smith enjoyed seeing his daughter．史密斯先生喜欢看他的女儿。
7）宾语是反身代词或相互代词时，不可用于被动语态。如：
She can dress herself．她可以自己穿衣服。
We could hardly see each other in the fog．在雾中我们彼此几乎看不见。
8）宾语是同源宾语时，不可用于被动语态。如：
They live a happy life．他们过着幸福的生活。
The girl dreamed a sweet dream ．那女孩做了个甜美的梦。
9）宾语带有与主语有照应关系的物主代词时，不可用于被动语态。如：
The old man broke his（＝the old man's）legs．那老人把自己的腿弄断了。
The girl shook her（＝the girl's）head．那女孩摇了摇头。
5．某些动词的主动形式表被动含义
英语中有很多动词如act，break，catch，cut，clean，drive，draw，let，lock，open，sell，read，write，wash，wear等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，其主动形式常用来表达被动含义。另外，像owe，beat，cook，bake，print，build，make等，有时可以用主动形式表达被动含义。如：
This kind of radio doesn't sell well．这种收音机不太畅销。
The shop opens at eight o'clock．这个商店八点开门。
The pipe does not draw well．这烟斗不太通畅。
These plays act wonderfully．这些剧演得好。
Kate's book reads like an interesting novel．凯特的这本书读起来像本有趣的小说。
注意：主动表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调外界作用造成的影响。如：
The door won't lock．门锁不上。（指门本身有毛病）
The door won't be locked．门不会被锁上。（指不会有人来锁门）
His novels sell easily．他的小说销路好。（指小说本身内容好）
His novels are sold easily．他的小说容易销售。（主要强调外界对小说的需求量大）
6．某些动名词的主动形式表被动含义
1）在need，want，require，deserve和bear等词的后面，动名词用主动形式表示被动含义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被动形式。如：
The house needs repairing（to be repaired）．这房子需要修理。
My clothes need washing（to be washed）．我的衣服需要洗了。
2）形容词worth后面跟动名词的主动形式表示被动含义，但不能跟动词不定式；而worthy后面跟动词不定式的被动形式。如：
The picture-book is well worth reading．（＝The picture-book is very worthy to be read．）这本画册很值得一读。Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worth helping．（＝Such a man as Mr．Smith is not worthy to be helped．）像史密斯先生那样的人不值得帮助。
This plan is not worth considering．（＝This plan is not worthy to be considered．）这个计划不值得考虑。
3）某些动词不定式的主动形式表被动含义
a．当nice，easy，fit，hard，difficult，important，impossible，pleasant，interesting等形容词后跟不定式做状语，而句子的主语又是动词不定式的逻辑宾语时，这时常用不定式的主动形式表达被动含义。如：Japanese is not difficult to learn．日语并不难学。（指日语被学）
The water is unfit to drink．这水不适合喝。（指水被喝）
The piece of music is pleasant to hear．这首音乐听起来很悦耳。（指音乐被听）
This book is easy to read．这本书读起来很容易。（指书被读）
b．当动词不定式在名词后面作定语，不定式和名词之间有动宾关系时，不定式的主动形式表示被动含义。如：
I have a lot of work to do today．我今天有很多工作要做。（work to do指被做的工作）
He has three children to look after．他有三个孩子要照看。（children to look after指孩子被照看）
注意：如果以上句型用动词不定式的被动形式，其含义有所区别。如：
I have some clothes to be washed．我有些要洗的衣服。（衣服不是自己洗）
c．在there be．．．句型中，当动词不定式修饰名词作定语时，不定式用主动或被动式，其含义没有什么区别。如：
There is a lot of homework to do（to be done）．有很多家庭作业要做。
There are some clothes to wash（to be washed）．有些衣服要洗。
4）由介词for，on，above，under等构成的短语有时可以表达被动含义。如：
His paintings will be on show tomorrow afternoon．＝His paintings will be shown tomorrow afternoon．他的油画作品明天下午展出。
5）表示感官意义的连系动词如smell，feel，taste，look，sound等在句子中常表达被动含义。如：
How nice the music sounds！这音乐听起来多悦耳！
Good medicine tastes bitter．良药苦口。
Our school looks more beautiful than before．我们学校看上去比以前更漂亮了。
改革开放的三十多年，我国经济得到了巨大的发展，已经从依赖资源、廉价劳动力的时代进入知识经济时代。知识经济条件下，创新将成为经济增长的根本所在。何以创新？人力资源管理成为关键。公司若要在竞争的社会中立于不败之地，必须把人才资源放在第一位，只有有效、合理、科 高考英语核心动词归类 动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点， 在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。 一、连系动词类 连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种： 1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become，go，turn，grow，get，fall等。 2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel，smell，taste，look，sound等。 3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep，come，run，remain，stand，lie，stay，prove等。4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear，seem，look等。 连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个(如feel，get，become，grow等)外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如： The mixture is tasted terrible. (误) The mixture tastes terrible (正) Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in. (误) Jim pretended to fall/be sleep when his mother came in. (正) I'm feeling much better than ever before. It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall. 【高考例题】 (1)[NMET1994]—Do you like the material? —Yes, it _____ very soft. A.is feeling B.felt C.feels D.is felt (2) [NMET2003]Why don’t you put the meat in the fridge? It will _____ fresh for several days. A.be stayed B.stay C.be staying D.have stayed (3) [2004春上海]The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain _____ as the plane was making a landing. A.seat B.seating C.seated D.to be seating (4) [2002北京]Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may _____ run over by a car. A.have B.get C.become D.passed (5)[2004天津]Happy birthday, Alice. So you have _____ twenty-one already. A.become B.turned C.grown D.passed (6)[2004全国Ⅱ]Sarah, hurry up. I′m afraid you can't have time to _____ before the party. A.get changed B.get change C.get changing D.get to change (7)[2004湖北]On hearing the news of the accident in the coal mine, she _____ pale.
高考英语动词知识点专项训练及答案(1) 一、选择题 1．Climate change has arrived and is _____ faster than many scientists expected. A．uniting B．accelerating C．declining D．twisting 2．Kathy _________ a lot of Spanish by playing with the native boys and girls. A．picked up B．took up C．made up D．turned up 3．Stars ___________ their own light, while planets only ___________ the light. A．give off; reflect B．give away; reflect C．reflect; give off D．reflect; give away 4．The desks and seats can be ____________ the height of any child. A．adapted with B．adapted to C．adjusted with D．adjusted to 5．Our food and drink are ________.I will go to the supermarket to get more. A．using up B．running out C．running out of D．running away 6．So every culture has ________ a formal way to greet strangers, to show them we are not aggressive. A．made B．got C．developed D．taken 7．At the meeting,Professor Wang_____some good advice and all the people present agreed with him. A．came along B．came about C．came up with D．came out 8．It suddenly _______ to me that we could use a computer to do the job. A．took place B．happened C．occurred D．was occurred 9．Don’t bother to look for my umbrella; it will _______ some day. A．turn down B．turn out C．turn up D．turn over 10．After she found she had lost the car, she and her husband ______ to find it. A．made up their minds B．made their minds C．made up our minds D．made minds 11．I think a cold drink can_______you after the long journey in such hot weather. A．recover B．reward C．relieve D．refresh 12．What a woman! I just wonder how she manages to keep smiling after all that she has ______. A．figured out B．made up C．taken away D．gone through 13．Lydia really regrets____ out of high school. She has really had to struggle to make a living because of that decision. A．drop B．to drop C．dropping D．dropped 14．The apartments in the city center are always expensive. I can’t _____ one with all my money. A．take B．afford C．supply D．support 15．Several villages were________from the outside world,for all roads to those villages were destroyed. A．cut up B．cut out C．cut off D．cut through 16．It's said that our mental abilities begin to _______ from the age 27 after reaching the highest
2007高考动词时态和语态 1. The flowers were so lovely that they __________ in no time. [2007 全国卷I] A. sold B. had been sold C. were sold D. would sell 2. I know a little bit about Italy as my wife and I ________ there several years ago. [2007 全国卷 I] A. are going B. had been C. went D. have been 3. —Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. —Oh, nothing much. In fact, I ____ of my friends back home. [2007 全国卷II] A. have just thought B. was just thinking C. would just think D. will just be thinking 4. —Tom, you didn’t come to the party last night? —I ____, but I suddenly remembered I had homework to do. [2007 全国卷II] A. had to B. didn’t C. was going to D. wouldn’ｔ 5. —Did you tidy your room? [2007 上海卷] —No, I was going to tidy my room but I ______ visitors. A. had B. have C. have had D. will have 6. With the help of high technology, more and more new substances ______ in the past years. [2007 上海卷] A. discovered B. have discovered C. had been discovered D. have been discovered never have been able to afford to go. 7. They_____ two free tickets to Canada, otherwise they’d [2007 山东卷] A．had got B．got C．have got D．get 8. —Did Peter fix the computer himself? —He ______, because he doesn't know much about computers. [2007 安徽卷] A. has it fixed B. had fixed it C. had it fixed D. fixed it 9. They became friends again that day. Until then, they _____ to each other for nearly two years. [2007 安徽卷] A. didn't speak B. hadn't spoken C. haven' t spoken D. haven' t been speaking 10. —How can I apply for an online course? —Just fill out this form and we _____ what we can do four you. [2007 北京卷] A.see B.are seeing C. have seen D. will see 11. I got caught in the rain and my suit____.[2007 北京卷] A. has ruined B. had ruined C. has been ruined D. had been ruined 12. —It was really very kind of you to give me a lift home. —Oh, don’t mention it. I _____past your house anyway. [2007 北京卷] A. was coming B. will come C. had come D. have come 13. —I saw Jane and her boyfriend in the park at eight yesterday evening.[2007 福建卷] —Impossible. She TV with me in my home then. A.watched B.had watched C.would watch D.was watching 14. Danny hard for long to realize his dream and now he is popular. [2007 福建卷]
跟不定式(不跟动名词)作宾语的常用动词 1. ask to do sth. 要求做某事 2. fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 3. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 4. help to do sth. 帮助做某事 5. wish to do sth. 希望做某事 6. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 7. want to do sth. 想要做某事 8. learn to do sth. 学习做某事 9. agree to do sth. 同意做某事 10. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 11. expect to do sth. 期待做某事 12. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 13. prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 14. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 15. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 16. manage to do sth. 设法做某事 17. demand to do sth. 要求做某事 18. promise to do sth. 答应做某事 19. beg to do sth. 请求/恳求做某事 20. offer to do sth. 主动提出做某事 21. determine to do sth. 决心做某事 22. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 23. choose to do sth. 选择/决定做某事 ★跟动名词(不跟不定式)作宾语的常用动词(词组) 1. miss doing sth. 错过做某事 2. keep doing sth. 保持做某事 3. mind doing sth. 介意做某事 4. deny doing sth. 否认做某事 5. delay doing sth. 推迟做某事 6. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 7. enjoy doing sth. 喜爱做某事 8. finish doing sth. 完成做某事 9. admit doing sth. 承认做某事 10. report doing sth. 报告做某事 11. forbid doing sth. 禁止做某事 12. advise doing sth. 建议做某事 13. permit doing sth. 允许做某事 14. escape doing sth. 逃脱做某事 15. put off doing sth. 推迟做某事 16. forgive doing sth. 原谅做某事
动词时态语态 汉语的时态大多是通过副词来表达的，而英语的时态是靠动词的变化和时间状语来表达的。英语中常考的或较常用的有10种，而且重点测试完成时态。要掌握英语的时态和语态，必须掌握好英语中的助动词(do, be, have)和时间状语这两个核心问题。 1、一般现在时；主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时刻表）等。 He usua lly goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter ＋宾语从句，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more… the more … (越……越……) 句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间正在进行的活动：或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 表示动作发生在过去，完成在过去，但强调与现在情况仍有联系，其结果或影响仍存在。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。
动词时态和语态练习题 1. We _____ with you for the time being. A. will stay B. will be staying C. would stay D. have stayed 2. —Who sings best in your class? —Mary _____. A. is B. does C. do D. sing 3. She _____ her pen in her room now. A. finds B. is finding C. looks for D. is looking for 4. What _____ you _____ tomorrow morning? A. are/going to do B. are/doing C. are/done D. have/done 5. It was not long before the water _____ cold. A. is feeling B. feels C. felt D. was feeling 6. I _____ as soon as you come back. A. went B. have gone C. am going D. shall go 7. The scientist _____ Canada and he will give us a talk when he _____ back. A. has gone to/comes B. has been to/will come C. has gone to/will come D. has been to/comes 8. He found his book this morning, but now he _____ his pen. A. loses B. is missing C. has lost D. lost 9. She ___?_ to her hometown several times. A. has been B. has gone C. went D. is going 10. It _____ Jane and Mary who helped me the other day. A. is B. was C. are D. were 11. I _____ to bed when the telephone rang. A. have been B. went C. am going D. was going 12. Jane _____ some washing this time yesterday. A. is doing B. had done C. was doing D. did 13. When I got to the school, the first class _____. A. had begun B. began C. is beginning D. has begun 14. Mother promised she _____ me an English-Chinese dictionary.
高考英语常用动词 1 catch fire=to start burning<着火> 2 catch one’s breath<缓口气，歇口气> 3 That car caught his eyes/attention.<引起注意> 4 The police caught him stealing a car.=to discover suddenly and by surprise especially when someone is doing something bad<撞见，突然发现> 5 That style has never caught on in China.=become popular<流行> 6 He was caught in the rain.=be stuck<被困扰> Her skirt got caught in the door.=be hooked<被钩住> 7 I suddenly caught sight of him in the crowd.<看见> 1 She made it clear that she would support Australia.<弄清楚，查明白，明确> 2 After the storm the sky cleared.<晴朗起来> 3 The waitress will clear away these dishes in a moment.<收走> 4 How can we clear away，these doubts?<消除，清除> 5 The weather has cleared up;we can go out.<晴朗起来，开朗起来> 6 You'll have to clear up the things on the table before we have tea.<整理，收拾> 1 I don't care what they say. I shall go on just the same.<在乎，在意> 2 If you care to hear it，I will tell it to you.<愿意> 3 Albert Einstein cared little for money. He was seen using a cheque for$1500 as a bookmark.<喜欢> Would you care for a cup of coffee?=Would you like...?<礼貌用语你喜欢/要……吗?> 4 He cared about money.<喜欢> 5 The mother cared for the sick child day and night<照顾，照料>
英语动词时态语态知识点详解 一般现在时 主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作，句子中常有often, always, from time to time 等时间状语；表示客观规律和永恒真理等。 例句： He usually goes to work at 7 o’clock every morning. She has a brother who lives in New York. The earth goes around the sun. Guangzhou is situated in the south of China. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。 I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有： 时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/ the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 考点三：在make sure (certain), see to it, mind, care, matter+宾语从句中，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时。 So long as he works hard, I don’t mind when he finishes the experiment. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 考点四：在the more…the more…(越……越……) 的句型中, 若主句是一般将来时, 从句通常用一般现在时。 The harder you study, the better results you will get. 现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动：表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 例句： We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。 Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。Marry is leaving on Friday.
高考英语热点动词十五类 动词是英语中最活跃的词类，是句子的核心成分。此外，英语动词的变化较多，形式颇为复杂，是英语学习的难点之一。历届高考英语试题常把动词作为测试的重点，在单项填空题中所占比例在50%以上。笔者通过对近十年来的高考英语试题进行分析，归纳常考动词十五类，供大家参考。 一、连系动词类 连系动词按其所表示的意义可分为以下四种： 1．变化类表事物发展变化的过程，如become, go, turn, grow, get, fall等。 2．感觉类表人体部位的感受，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。 3．状态类表事物所处的状态，如keep, come, run, remain, stand, lie, stay, prove等。 4．外表特征类表外表给人的印象，如appear, seem, look等。 连系动词的作用是后接形容词或相当于形容词的结构作表语。除了少数几个（如feel, get, become, grow等）外，不用于进行时态和被动结构。例如： The mixture is tasted terrible.（误） The mixture tastes terrible（正） Jim pretended to be falling asleep when his mother came in.（误） Jim pretended to fall /be asleep when his mother came in.（正） I'm feeling much better than ever before. It was getting darker and darker. Besides, a cold rain began to fall. 【高考例题】 (1) ---Do you like the material? ---Yes, it ____ very soft. (NMET94) A. is feeling B. felt C. feels D. is felt (2) Why don't you put the meat in the fridge? It will ____ fresh for several days. (NMET 03) A. be stayed B. stay C. be staying D. have stayed (3) The pilot asked all the passengers on board to remain ____ as the plane was making a landing. (04春季高考上海卷） A. seat B. seating C. seated D. to be seating (4) Be careful when you cross this very busy street. If not, you may ____ run over by a car. (02高考北京卷） A. have B. get C. become D. turn (5) Happy birthday, Alice. So you have ____ twenty-one already. (04天津卷）
高中英语时态语态讲解 1、一般现在时主要用来表示人、事物的现在状况和特点；表示经常或习惯性的动作；表示客观规律和永恒真理；按照计划安排好了将要发生的动作（一般指时 刻表）等 He usually goes to w ork at 7 o’clock every morning. The train to Shanghai leaves at 7am. 考点一：表示永恒的真理，即使出现在过去的语境中，仍用一般现在时。如：I learned that the earth goes around the sun when I was in primary school. 考点二：在时间、方式、让步和条件状语从句中，代替一般将来时；常用的引导词有：时间：when, until, after, before, as soon as, once, the moment/the minute, the day; 条件：if, unless, provided. If he accepts the job, he will get more money soon. 只要他努力工作，我不介意他什么时候做完试验。 2、现在进行时 表说话时或目前一段时间内正在进行的活动；或表感情色彩，加强语气。与频率副词，如always，constantly，continually，again等连用表示说话人的某种感情色彩（赞叹、厌烦、埋怨等）。 We are having English class. The house is being built these days. The little boy is always making trouble. 考点一：在时间状语或条件状语从句中表示将来正在进行的动作。Look out when you are crossing the street. Don't wake him up if he is still sleeping at 7 tomorrow morning. 考点二：表示在最近按计划或安排要进行的动作（这时多有表示将来的时间状语）。 Marry is leaving on Friday. 3、现在完成时 （1）非延续动作：动作发生在过去，对现在有影响。（2）延续性动作：动作和状态的持续。现在完成时有一些标志性的时间状语： 考点一：for + 时间段；since + 时间点 They have lived in Beijing for five years. They have lived in Beijing since 1995. 考点二：常见的不确定的时间状语：lately; recently, just, already, yet, up to now; till now; so far, these days, Has it stopped raining yet ? 考点三：在表示“最近几世纪/ 年/ 月以来……”时间状语中，谓语动词用现在完成时。 in the past；over the past; during the last等 考点四：表示“第几次做某事，”或在“It is the best (worst, most interesting ) +名词＋that” 后面,主句是一般现在时态时，从句用现在完成时。 This is my first time that I have visited China. This is the most interesting film I have ever seen. 4．一般过去时 表在过去某个特定时间发生且完成的动作，或过去习惯性动作，不强调对现在的影响，只说明过去。常跟明确的过去时间连用, 注意： 考点一：used to + do，表示过去经常但现在已不再维持的习惯动作。 be/become/get used to + doing，表示习惯于 He used to smoke a lot. He has got used to getting up early. 考点二：在时间和条件状语从句中，代替过去将来时。 He promised to buy me a computer if he got a raise 5. 过去进行时
（一） 情态动词常考点 （一） 表能力 can be able to will be able to could was/ were able to could have + ?? ???? ?? ?????? ?表示现在的能力 ：表示将来的能力 表示过去的能力 过去分词：表示过去有能力做但未做 如：I am starving to death 。I can eat two bowls of rice now 。 （现在的能力）我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。 If you have a good sleep ，you will be able to work out this problem 。 （将来的能力）如果你好好睡一觉，你将能够解出这道题。 The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out 。 （过去有能力做并且成功的做了某事）尽管这场大火迅速蔓延到了整个宾馆，但是每个人都能够逃出 去。 I could have worked out the problem ，but I didn ’t 。 （过去有能力做但未做）我本来可以解决这个问题，但没有解决。 （二） 表推测（可能性） 1. 可能性可分为客观的可能性和具体事情实际发生的可能性两种。所谓客观的（理论的）可能性即并不涉及具体某事是否会发生，此种用法常常可以说明人或事物的特征。情态动词can 可用于肯定句中表示客观的（理论的）可能性，而表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，can 一般不用于肯定句。如： Accident can happen on such rainy days 。 这样的多雨天气有可能会发生事故。（客观的可能性） Peter may come with us tonight ，but he isn ’t sure yet 。 彼得今晚可能和我们来，但他还没确定。（实际可能性，不用can ） 2. 表示具体事情实际发生的可能性： （1）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性的层次比较 （2）表示具体事情实际发生的可能性时，may ，must 常用于肯定句，一般不用于否定句和疑问句（may not 表示“可能不”）；can 常用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中，表示疑惑、惊讶或不相信等意思；could 既可用于肯定句，又可用于否定句、疑问句中。如： This can ’t/ couldn ’t be done by him 。（表不相信） 这不可能是他做的。 This may not be done by him 。（表不确定） 这可能不是他做的。 He could be on his way home now 。（could 不如may/ might 常用） 他现在可能在回家的路上。 Can this be done by him ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 这可能是他做的吗？ Mr. Bush is on time for everything 。How can it be that he was late for the opening ceremony ？（表示疑惑、惊讶） 布什先生做每件事都很按时。他怎么可能在开幕仪式上迟到呢？ I didn ’t hear the phone 。I must have been asleep 。（表肯定） 我没听到电话。我肯定已经睡着了。 3. would ，could ，might 并不一定与过去时间有关，而是表示可能性弱于他们相应的现在时形式。另外should 也不一定与过去时间有关。如： This may/ might be done by him 。（后者比前者语气弱）
常用动词的各种常用句型汇总 一、接不定式（而不接动名词）作宾语的24个常用动词 1. afford to do sth. 负担得起做某事 2. agree to do sth. 意做某事 3. arrange to do sth. 安排做某事 4. ask to do sth. 要求做某事 5. beg to do sth. 请求做某事 6. care to do sth. 想要做某事 7. choose to do sth. 决定做某事 8. decide to do sth. 决定做某事 9. demand to do sth. 要求做某事 10. determine to do sth. 决心做某事 11. expect to do sth. 期待做某事 12. fear to do sth. 害怕做某事 13. help to do sth. 帮助做某事 14. hope to do sth. 希望做某事 15. learn to do sth. 学习做某事 16. manage to do sth. 设法做某事 17. offer to do sth. 主动提出懒某事 18. plan to do sth. 计划做某事 19. prepare to do sth. 准备做某事 20. pretend to do sth. 假装做某事 21. promise to do sth. 答应做某事 22. refuse to do sth. 拒绝做某事 23. want to do sth. 想要做某事 24. wish to do sth. 希望做某事 注：有些不及物动词后习惯上也接不定式，不接动名词： aim to do sth. 打算做某事 fail to do sth. 未能做某事 long to do sth. 渴望做某事 happen to do sth. 碰巧做某事 hesitate to do sth. 犹豫做某事 struggle to do sth. 努力做某事 二、接动名词（不接不定式）作宾语的34个常用动词 1. admit doing sth. 承认做某事 2. advise doing sth. 建议做某事 3. allow doing sth. 允许做某事 4. appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事 5. avoid doing sth. 避免做某事 6. consider doing sth. 考虑做某事