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英语动词基本分类一览表

英语动词基本分类一览表

1、后接 ing 分词的动词

advise 建议I advise waiting till the proper time.

我建议等到适当时机。

allow 允许They do not allow smoking.

他们不允许在这吸烟。

avoid 避免She avoided answering my questions.

他对我的问题避而不谈。

can’t help 忍不住I can’t help crying.

我忍不住哭了。

consider 考虑I’m considering changing my job.

我正在考虑换个工作。

deny 否认She denied having been there.

她否认曾去过那儿。

dislike 不喜欢People dislike being stared at.

人们不喜欢被看着。

enjoy 喜爱I enjoyed reading.

我喜欢看书。

fancy 想象Fancy meeting so many old friends here.

真想不到在这里遇到这么多年的老朋友。

finish 完成I finished reading the books yesterday.

昨天我把书看完了。

give up 放弃He gave up drinking.

他戒酒了。

imagine 想象You can’t imagine living in the window?

你不能想象西方没有汽车。

keep 继续Don’t stop, and keep working.

别停下,继续干。

mind 介意Would mind my opening the window?

你介意我把窗打开吗?

miss 免于The dog just missed being struck..

那条狗差点被打到。

need 须要The car needs repairing.

这车须要修理。

permit 允许We don’t permit smoking in the office.

我们不允许在办公室抽烟。

practice 练习He is practicing shooting.

他正在练习射击。

prefer 更喜欢I prefer swimming to running.

我喜欢游泳胜于跑步。

prevent 阻止What prevented him from going?

什么阻止了他去

put off 使失去兴趣The smell put me off eating.

这气味使我到胃。

risk 冒险The boat didn’t risk getting caught in a storm.

小船怕赶上暴风雨。

1

2、后跟 ing 分词或不定式,而词义不变的常见动词

begin 开始Let’s begin doing(to do)our homework.

让我们开始做作业。

continue 继续How can you continue working (to do) with much noise.

你在那噪声中怎么能工作得下去?

hate 不喜欢I hate troubling (to trouble) him.

我真不想麻烦他。

like 喜欢Would you like having(to have) a cup of tea?

你想要一杯茶吗?

start 开始He started driving(to drive) on the freeway.

他开始驱车走高速公路。

bear/stand 忍受

后跟 ing 分词或不定式,而词义改变的常见动词

forget to

do 忘记去做I forget to tell her about it.

这件事我忘记告诉她

forget

doing 忘记做过I forget seeing this film.

我忘记曾看过这部影片

go on to do 接着做另一件事He went on to talk about the world situation.

他接着又谈起了世界形势。

go on

doing 继续做某事I hope it won’t go on raining all day.

我希望不要整天下雨

mean to do 打算I didn’t mean to start an argument.

我并不想跟你争论。

mean doing 意味着Missing the train means waiting for an hour.

赶不上这列火车意味着再等一小时。

regret to do 表遗憾(委婉语)I regret to tell you that you made a mistake.

我很遗憾告诉你,你犯了错误。

regret

doing 懊悔He regrets having done such a thing.

他后悔做了这样的事。

remember to

do 记住去做I remember to take the medicine at the right time.

我记住按时服药。

remember

doing 记住做过I remember taking the medicine at the right time.

我记得已经吃过药了。

stop to do 停下来去做We stopped to talk.

我们停下来说话。

stop doing 停止做We stopped talking.

我们停止说话

try to do 力争He tried to climb the tall tree.

他力争去爬那棵高大的树

try doing 尝试He tried climbing the tall tree.

他尝试去爬那棵高大的树

2

3、可以跟双宾语的常见动词

answer 回答Please answer me the question. 请回答我的问题

bring 带Bring me the book. 把书递给我

buy 买Father bought me an ice cream. 爸爸给我买了一个冰淇淋。

do 做Could you do it for

me? 你能帮我做这事吗?

get 拿Get me a cup of tea. 给我拿杯茶。

give 给The teacher gave me some advice. 老师给了我一些建议。hand 递Hand me the hammer. 把榔头给我

keep 保守Can you keep a secret for me? 你能为我保守秘密吗?

leave 留下Some one left you this

note. 有人给你留下这张条子。

lend 借She lent me her

bike. 她把自行车借给了我。

make 做My mother made me a

coat. 妈妈为我做了一件衣服。

offer 提供I offered him a glass of

wine. 我敬了她一杯酒。

owe 欠Sandy owed Judy one

dollar. Sandy 欠了 Judy 一美元。

pass 传Pass me the

newspaper. 把报纸传给我。

promis

e 承诺He promised me a

book. 他给了我一本书。

read 读Please read me the

letter. 请帮我读一读这封信。

save 省下That will save us a lot of

trouble. 那将省去我们许多麻烦。

sell 卖I sold my brother my car for 300

pounds. 我以 300 磅把车卖给了弟弟。

send 寄I’ll send grandma a gift on her

birthday. 祖母生日时我寄给她一份礼物。

show 看Show your ticket,

please. 请出示你得票子。

sing 唱Will you sing us a

song? 你能为我们唱一首歌吗?

take 拿The work took us a week on finish. 这工作花去我们一个星期的时间。

teach 教She teaches me

French. 她教我们法语。

tell 说I told her my name. 我告诉她我的名字wish 但愿I wish you a happy New Year. 新年快乐。

write 写Sue is writing her mother

a letter 她正在给她妈妈写信。

cost deny

envy

refuse

To 做介词,后跟 ing 的词组

be used to 习惯于I’m used to living in the city. 我习惯于生活在城市。

devoted to 致力于He devotes himself to teaching. 他致力于教学事业。

lead to 导致Smoking cigarettes leads to getting lung disease. 吸烟导致肺病。look forward to 盼望We look forward to meeting you again. 我们盼望再次见到你。

pay attention to 集中精力We must pay attention to listening to the teacher in the classroom. 在课堂上,我们必须

集中精力听老师讲课。

stick to 坚持We should stick to telling truth. 我们应该坚持说实话。

object to 反对I object to smoking. 我反对吸烟

be accustomed to

do/doing

3

4、动词+宾语+宾语补足语(非谓语)

see(notice/watch) sb/sth do I didn’t see anybody climb over the wall?

看见某人/某事做了某事我没看见任何人爬过墙。

doing Do you see the spider climbing the wall.

看见某人/某事再做某事你有没有看到一只蜘蛛在爬墙?

done The old lady was so sad when she saw her house

看见某人遭到某事/某物处在某种状态disappeared. 当看到那房子倒了,那老太太十分沮丧。feel sb/sth do/to be Do you feel the floor shake.

感觉某人/某事做了某事你有没有感觉到楼梯摇晃了一下。

doing I feel my heart beating fast

感觉某人/某事在做某事我感到自己的心在快速跳动。

done Mary feels herself slighted.

感觉某人/某物处于某种状态玛丽感到自己受到轻视。

find sb/sth to be/do They found the writer to be much older than they thought.

収现某人/某事是(怎么样)他们収现那作家比他们想象中更老。

doing I found something crossing my leg.

収现某人/某事在做某事我感觉到什么正爬过我的腿。

done I found the house burned down.

収现某人/某物处于某种状态我収现房子已经被烧毁了。

get sb/sth to do I’ll get more men to do it.

叫某人/某事做了某事我要让更多的人去做这件事

doing Can you get the clock going again?

使某物处于某种状态你能让这只钟再走起来吗?

done She got a new coat made.

使得某事完成她定做了一件新大衣。

have sb/sth do Have him do it!

让某人/某事做某事叫他去做吧!

doing No boss would have you chatting and doing nothing.

让某人/某事持续做某事没有一个老板允许你聊天而不做事。

done The old man told had his wallet stolen.

让某人/某事完成某事那老人的钱包被偷了。

hear/listen

sb/sth do I often hear his sigh in the classroom.

听到某人/某事做某事我经常听到他在教室里唱歌。

doing Listen! Do you hear him singing?

听到某人/某事在做某事听!你听到他在唱歌吗?

done I have never heard the song sung in English.

听到某人/某事做过某事我从没有听到过这首歌用英文来唱的。

keep sth/sb do I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long.

保持某人/某事在做某事我很抱歉让你等了这么长的时间。

doing He wants you keep him informed of how things are going

保持某人/某物处于某种状态with you.

他想让你随时通知他你在这里的进展。

catch sb doing sth

leave sb/sth to do/doing

Send sb doing

Want sb to do sth/sth done

4

5、系动词

1) be: is/am/are/was/were

2)(变化):get/grow/become/turn 3) (不变):keep/remain/stay

4) (感知动词):

appear/feel/look/seem/smell/sound/taste 5) go(go angry/go mad…)

die(die a hero) (die

young)

5

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短语是英语构成的具有实际意义的一个重要的基本单位,比如动词短语(have bee n doi ng)、介词短语(for you)、名词短语(my best friend)等等,掌握好英语短语的基本分类对英语阅读和写作具有十分重要的意义。 一、名词短语(noun phrase ) 1、名词短语的功能 名词短语的简单定义:名词与它的修饰语一起即构成名词短语。先来看几个简单的例子: ①These red roses are for you . 在句中充当主语。 ②I have three close friend .译:我有三个要好的朋友。在句中充当宾语。 ②He is my best friend .译:他是我最好的朋友。在句中充当表语。 ③There are some red roses on that small table .some red roses 在句 中充当主语;that small table 在句中充当介词on的宾语。 以上例句中的名词短语,都包含在英语句子和文章中。可以充当句子中的各个成分。 ※注意:英文中的介词不能单独使用,其后面必须接宾语,所接的宾语往往是名词短语(如例句4)。 the bird in the tree 树上的那只小鸟 the map on the wall 墙上的地图 the developme nt of Chi na 中国的发展 the sta ndard of liv ing 生活水平 the south side of the Chan gjia ng river 长江南岸

the way to the hotel 去旅馆的路 the life in the future 未来的生活 名词短语有如此重要的作用,那么这么重要的句子构成要素是怎样构成的呢?下面来详细总结它的构造规律。 2、名词短语的构造 名词短语由名词与它的修饰语一起构成。 名词的修饰语与名词有两种位置关系:一是放在被修饰名词的前面,叫做前置定语或定语;二是放在被修饰名词的后面,叫做后置定语。 一般来说,名词前面有两种修饰语。其一是限定词,用来限定名词所指的范围,对名词起泛指或特指、定量或不定量等的限定修饰作用。比如these,three ,a ,the ,my等等。其二是形容词,用来表示名词的性质和特征。比如 red ,close ,new ,small 等等。 在复杂的名词短语中,更常见的是后置修饰定语。包括定语从句、同位语从句、分词短语、不定式、介词短语、形容词短语和副词短语等等,而且还会有不同的后置定语复式的出现。看下面这组例子: The boy is my brother . The cute boy is my brother . The cute boy in blue jea ns is my brother . The cute boy weari ng blue jea ns is my brother . The cute boy who is weari ng blue jea ns is my brother . 这里的中心词是boy,然后在boy前面或后面分别添加各类修饰语,从而构成

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