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英语全年课程 第三十二讲 汉译英(一

第三十二讲:汉译英(一)

主讲人:魏孟勋

汉译英的测试目标:

运用英语词汇、句型和语法知识把中文的句子译成语法结构正确、符合英语表达习惯、通顺的句子,考查学生词汇、英语语法等知识的综合运用能力。

汉译英复习要点:

◆惯用句型◆英语语法基础知识:词法和句法◆常用词汇和惯用词组

在汉译英中,学会将语法知识融会贯通。

从这三点判断翻译的句子是否正确。

(一)it 句型

1、it 作形式主语…/that …

It + be + for sb./of sb. + to do …

2、it 作形式宾语

I think it possible to finish the job within a week.

我认为在一周以内完成这份工作是有可能的。that 引导主语从句

的逻辑主语

(一)it 句型

3、It ’s time for us to play basketball.

是我们打篮球的时候了。

It ’s stormy out at sea.

海上有风暴。It ’s getting competitive in the car industry.

汽车工业竞争日益加剧。

其他it 惯用句型在复习中对it 句型融会贯通避免逐字翻译It ’s getting colder and colder.

天气越来越冷了。

(一)it 句型

4、当时我不便打扰他。

(×) I wasn ’t convenient to interrupt him then.

(√) It wasn ’t convenient for me to interrupt him then.

有些形容词convenient, possible, necessary 等常用于it 句型。

1. 直面挑战要比逃避更明智。(It …)

2. 你方便下周一开始上班吗?(it)

It is wiser/more sensible to face (up to) challenges than to avoid them.Will it be convenient for you to start work next Monday?新课标为您解析:

此句用到的结构是It + be +adj. + to do 。“更明智的”可译为“wiser ”或者“more sensible ”。

新课标为您解析:此句的考点是it 与convenient, possible, necessary 等形容词搭配的用法。句型结构为:It + be + for sb.+ to do …。此句用一般将来时的一般疑问句形式。

注意:这类句型要用it 做主语。

3. 有些女孩子花一半的收入买化妆品,真傻呀。( It …)

It is silly of some girls to spend half their pay on cosmetics.

4. 我认为离家独自生活一段时间,对他而言是非常宝贵的经历。( it )

I think it a valuable experience for him to leave home and live on his own for some time.

新课标为您解析:

此句的考点也是it 与convenient, possible, necessary 等形容词搭配的用法。句型结构为:It + be + of sb.+ to do …。

新课标为您解析:

此句可以用形式宾语的结构进行翻译。think 是句子的谓语,it 在句子中作形式宾语。

5. 他能在一星期的时间里就完成这个项目,真不可思议。

( It …)

It is unbelievable that he should have completed the

project within a week.

should在此句中可解释为“竟然”,表现种出

乎意料。

新课标为您解析:

此句的主语是一句句子,因此可用that来引导主语从句。

句型结构为:It + be + adj. +that…

一、汉译英中的常见句型

1、注意谓语动词的变体

There seems to be great interest in cartoons now.

现在对卡通似乎有很大的兴趣。

2、注意抽象名词用作主语

There is no need to worry too much about the problem.

没有必要过多担忧这个问题。

There is likely to be a big audience at the concert.2. 拥挤的公共汽车里连站的地方都没有了。( room )

There was not even any room for standing in the crowded bus.

1. 音乐会可能观众很多。( There …)

新课标为您解析:

此句要求用there be 句型进行翻译。“可能”可译为be likely to do 。形容观众多要用形容词big 。

新课标为您解析:

room 在本句中解释为“空间”,是一个不可数名词。此句也要使用there be 的句型。

3. 既然你们已达成协议,就没有必要求助律师了。( no point )There is no point in turning to the lawyer since you have reached an agreement.

4. 他管理公司的能力很令人怀疑。(doubt)

There is considerable doubt about his ability of managing the company.

新课标为您解析:

“没有必要做某事”可以译为“There is no point in doing ”的句型结构。“求助”可以译为“turn to sb. for help ”或直接用“turn to ”。此句也能使用There is no need 的句型。

新课标为您解析:

在there be 的句型结构中,doubt 作为名词。此句的句型结构为:There is doubt …

(三)比较结构

1、as…as…

not as/so…as…

as…as和not as/so…as中加形容词或副词的原级。

2、adj./adv. 比较级+ than…

3、形容词和副词最高级

(三)比较结构

4、比较结构惯用句型

It’s getting worse and worse.

情况变得越来越糟。

The longer I stayed, the better I liked the place.

我逗留的时间越长,就越喜欢这个地方。

It’s the less expensive of the two.

这是两个中较为便宜的一个。

善于全面梳理比较结构的相关句型

1. 今年年初,我国有许多地区下雪之大超过人们的预料。

At the beginning of this year, we had more heavy snow in many areas of our country than people expected.2. 迄今为止没人提出过比这更好的建议。( Nobody …)Nobody has ever put forward a better proposal.

新课标为您解析:

此句应使用have more snow than 这一比较结构。

新课标为您解析:

本句要求使用nobody 。nobody 表示否定,此句用否定句的比较级表示最高级。

用it 翻译:

It snowed more heavily in many areas of our country than people expected at the beginning of this year.

3. 现在保健品不如以前销路好了。( sell )

Now health care foods don’t sell as well as they used to.

not要加在助动词do后面新课标为您解析:

“销路好”可译为:sell well,用主动的结构表示被动意义。此句的结构可使用not as/so…as…,解释为:不如…一样。

学会归纳比较级的相关句型

(四)否定结构

1、动词否定结构

掌握各种时态的动词否定结构。

2、否定意义的不定代词和副词

nobody, no one,nothing,neither,none,never

3、部分否定的表示

not all,not every

(四)否定结构

4、具有否定意义的结构

too…to

fail to…/failure to…(can’t…) without…far from…

more than prevent…from 太…以致于不能未能做成某事没有…不行

远不…

不仅仅

使…不能…

The heavy rain prevented me from coming here.

大雨使我不能来。

1. 这些规则不全适用于一切英语句子。(apply)

These rules don ’t apply to all English sentences.

2. 我们的很多问题是由于不能交流沟通引起的。( failure )Many of our problems are caused by failure to communicate.

新课标为您解析:

“不全适用于”是一个部分否定的结构,“不全”可译为“not …all ”。“适用于”可译为“apply to ”。

新课标为您解析:

此句使用到的具有否定意义的结构为:failure to do ,表示“未能做成某事”,“引起”可以译为“cause ”。

3. 任何组织离不开严格的管理。( do without )

No organization could do without strict management.4. 这药远没有缓解我的咳嗽。( far from )The medicines are far from relieving my cough.

新课标为您解析:

此句要求用without 来表示否定意义的结构。句子的主语用no organization 来表达。

新课标为您解析:

此句使用far from 来表示“远没有”,后跟动名词结构。“缓解”可译为“relieve ”。

5. 当秘书不仅仅是接电话和接待人。(more than)

A secretary’s job is more than answering telephones and

receiving visitors.

新课标为您解析:

此句用“more than”表示“不仅仅”。“当秘书”可译为“a

secretary’s job 。

新世纪大学英语第一册翻译-汉译英.

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综合学术英语翻译第二册

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工程硕士英语unit1完型答案及翻译

UNIT 1 CLOZE B Every year Forbes magazine prints “The Forbes Four Hundred”, a list of the richest individuals in the United States. This issue 1 interesting reading because it tells how these people made their money and, indirectly, how the country has changed over the years. The original list 14 years ago was crawling with Rockefellers, and Du Ponts, a Frick, a Whitney, Mellon or two---all great family fortunes that stretched back to the 19th century. However, there weren’t as many old-money fortunes on last year’s list---which leads to some conclusions about wealth in America. First, it’s not easy to hold down money, even for billionaires. Taxes put a big dent in family fortunes, and unless the heirs are careful and invest wisely, they can lose their millions as fast as their ancestors made them. Second, the old ways to riches aren’t as dependable as they used to be. Only 18 in the latest 400 made their fortunes from oil. Third, America is still the land of opportunity where smart young people like Bill Gates of Microsoft can end up on top of the list of the richest Americans ahead of the Rockefellers, Mellons, Gettys and Carnegies. What’s more, it’s amazing how many of these people keep their frugal habits after they’ve made it big. Among The Forbes Four Hundred, there are many such stories of self-made millionaires living modestly, avoiding publicity and working long hours even though they can pay the bills without lifting a finger. These people are still doing whatever it was that led to their success. There is a good lesson in this: Find something you enjoy doing, give it everything you’ve got, and the money will take care of itself. 1. A. makes off B. makes at C. makes for D. makes out 逃走、离开袭击、扑向导致、有助于理解、起草 2. A. when B. how C. where D. why 何时如何哪里为什么 3. A. entirely B. indicatively C. incorrectly D. indirectly 完全地、彻底地表示错误地间接地 4. A. original B. novel C. pioneering D. fresh 最初的新奇的、异常的首创的新鲜的 5. A. crawling B. crawled C. to crawl D. crawl 震惊爬行(过去式)爬行爬行 6. A. extended B. stretched C. spread D. expanded 延伸的拉伸的伸展的展开的 7. A. results from B. holds to C. leads to D. leads up 起因于坚持导致引入 8. A. hold down B. hand down C. hold up D. hold on to 抑制、保有宣布、流传下去举起、阻挡紧紧抓住 9. A. although B. unless C. despite D. otherwise 尽管除非不管否则 10. A. as soon as B. as fast as C. as much as D. as many as 一…就和…一样快差不多多达、和…一样多 11. A. were used to B. are used to C. used to D. could 习惯于习惯于过去经常能

商务英语综合2汉译英整理

商务英语综合2汉译英整理

Unit 1 1.我不愿意告诉你,但是如果三个月内我们不能招揽到更多的顾客的话,归根结蒂的问题是公司将面临倒闭。(go out of business) I hate to tell you this,but if we don’t get more customers the next three months,the bottom line is that we’ll go out of business. 2.当局可能会对户外广告的副作用加以干预,但是,这并不意味着该禁令在法律上的合理性。它阻碍了我们的企划方案。(be concerned with) The authorities might be concerned with the side effects of the outdoor ads,but this does not mean the ban is legally justifiable.It has hindered us from scheduling our projects. 3.复杂的革新金融体系固然容易遭受破坏,但是单一、严格管制的金融体系势必导致经济发展迟缓。(susceptible) A sophisticated and innovative financial system is susceptible to destructive booms;but a simple,tightly regulated one will condemn an economy to grow slowly. 4.布什总统说他了解很多美国人都担心未来经济的发展,持续不稳定的房地产市场存在风险,使更多人面临失业危险。(in jeopardy) President Bush says he knows many Americans are concerned about the future of the economy,with the risk that continued instability in the housing market could put more jobs in jeopardy.

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2015大学英语四级翻译常用词组(6) rise to the challenge 接受挑战,迎战 take a chance 冒险;投机 take charge of 管理,接管 lay a claim 要求;主张,自以为 set up a claim to sth. 提出对某事物的要求 combination with 与……结合 seek comfort in 在……中寻找安慰 take comfort in 在……中得到安慰 get command of 控制 take command of 开始担任……的指挥 communication with 与……通讯;与……交流 keep company with 和……结交;和……亲热 keep sb. company 陪伴某人,陪某人同走 make a comparison between 把……进行比较

competition with/against sb. 与某人竞争keep competition between 在……之间进行竞争complaint about/of 对……抱怨 make a complaint against 控告 come to a conclusion 得出结论 have confidence in sb. 信任某人 leave sth. out of consideration 对某事不加考虑rise to the challenge 接受挑战,迎战 take a chance 冒险;投机 take charge of 管理,接管 lay a claim 要求;主张,自以为 set up a claim to sth. 提出对某事物的要求combination with 与...结合 seek comfort in 在...中寻找安慰 take comfort in 在...中得到安慰

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1. 她连水都不愿喝一口,更别提留下来吃饭了。(much less) 2. 他认为我在对他说谎,但实际上我讲的是实话。(whereas) 3. 这个星期你每天都迟到,对此你怎么解释?(account for) 4. 他们利润增长的部分原因是采用了新的市场策略。(due to) 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) 5. 这样的措施很可能会带来工作效率的提高。(result in) 6. 我们已经在这个项目上投入了大量时间和精力,所以我们只能继续。(pour into) Unit2 1. 尽管她是家里的独生女,她父母也从不溺爱她。(despite) 2. 迈克没来参加昨晚的聚会,也没给我打电话作任何解释。(nor) 3. 坐在他旁边的那个人确实发表过一些小说,但决不是什么大作家。(next to; by no means) 4. 他对足球不感兴趣,也从不关心谁输谁赢。(be indifferent to) 5. 经理需要一个可以信赖的助手,在他外出时,由助手负责处理问题。(count on) 6. 这是他第一次当着那么多观众演讲。(in the presence of sb.) Unit3 1. 你再怎么有经验,也得学习新技术。(never too... to...) 2. 还存在一个问题,那就是派谁去带领那里的研究工作。(Use an appositional structure) 3. 由于文化的不同,他们的关系在开始确实遇到了一些困难。(meet with) 4. 虽然他历经沉浮,但我始终相信他总有一天会成功的。(ups and downs; all along) 5. 我对你的说法的真实性有些保留看法。(have reservations about) 6. 她长得并不特别高,但是她身材瘦,给人一种个子高的错觉。(give an illusion of) Unit4 1. 有朋自远方来,不亦乐乎?(Use "it" as the formal subject) 2. 不管黑猫白猫,能抓住老鼠就是好猫。(as long as) 3. 你必须明天上午十点之前把那笔钱还给我。(without fail) 4. 请允许我参加这个项目,我对这个项目非常感兴趣。(more than + adjective) 5. 人人都知道他比较特殊:他来去随意。(be free to do sth.) 6. 看她脸上不悦的神色,我觉得她似乎有什么话想跟我说。(feel as though) Unit5 1. 他说话很自信,给我留下了很深的印象。(Use "which" to refer back to an idea or situation) 2. 我父亲太爱忘事,总是在找钥匙。(Use "so... that..." to emphasize the degree of something) 3. 我十分感激你给我的帮助。(be grateful for) 4. 光线不足,加上地面潮湿,使得驾驶十分困难。(coupled with) 5. 由于缺乏资金,他们不得不取消了创业计划。(starve of) 6. 每当有了麻烦,他们总是依靠我们。(lean on) Unit6 1. 就像机器需要经常运转一样,身体也需要经常锻炼。(as... so...) 2. 在美国学习时,他学会了弹钢琴。(while + V-ing) 3. 令我们失望的是,他拒绝了我们的邀请。(turn down) 4. 真实情况是,不管是好是坏,随着新科技的进步,世界发生了变化。(for better or worse) 5. 我班里的大多数女生在被要求回答问题时都似乎感到不自在。(ill at ease) 6. 当地政府负责运动会的安全。(take charge of)Unit7

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Translation Unit1 1、天开始下雨,她走向附近的一个避雨处。 It started raining, she made for the nearest shelter. 2、她挑了一顶帽子,正好配她的衣服。 She picks out a cap which match her clothes perfectly. 3、我等了一个小时,可还是没见他的人影。 I waited for an hour, but he did not show up. 4、他们觉得还是呆在原地好。 They figured it was better to stay where they were. 5、小岛上发生的地震,造成了23人死亡。 The earthquake which struck the island caused 23 deaths. 6、在离开村子20年后,他终于回家了。 He returned home at length after being away from the village for 20 years. 7、她的许多同事已经失去了工作,她总算保住了。 Many of her colleagues have lost their job, while she eventually hold on to it.

Unit 2 1、老师告诉我瓶里的液体可以去除金属和瓷器上的污渍。 The teacher told me that the bottle of liquid could remove stains from the mental and china. 2、坐在我旁边的学生忐忑不安的看着考场的四周。 The students sitting beside me looked around the examination room with apprehension. 3、他现在大学毕业了,自己养活自己。 He is now out of college, and lives on his own. 4、他们轮流睡觉,以免出差错。 They took turns staying awake, in case anything went wrong. 5、大女儿也许会接父亲的班,等她长大后接管家业。 The elder daughter might follow her father’s footsteps, and take over the family business when she’s old enough. 6、他不得不跳下车,推车上山。 He had to get off the bike, and push it up to the hill. 7、这副手套将保护你的手不受冻。 The pair of gloves will protect your hands from the cold.

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新版人教八年级上英语汉译英专项练习(方芳整理) Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation? 1.这是我第一次到那儿。 It was my _________ __________ there. 2.你认为它怎么样? How did you ________ it? = What________ you _________ __________ it ? 3.我实现在没有看到我喜欢的东西。 I really didn’t see __________ I __________. 4.一天的差异多么大啊! What a ___________ a day ____________! 5.然而没有人看起来很厌倦。 Still ______ _______ seemed to be bored. 6.我想知道在过去这儿的生活是什么样子。 I __________ what life __________ like here ________ __________ _________. 7.一切都棒极了。 ______________ was great 8.晚上除了读书以外无事可做。 There was _____________ much _______ _______ in the evening but __________. 9.雨下得很大。 It was ____________ __________. 10.由于这个坏天气,我们不能看见下面的任何东西。 ___________ ________ the bad weather, we ________ see anything ________. 11.因为我是如此的饿,食物尝起来很好。 The food tasted great __________ I _________ so hungry! 12.但是,第二天就没有那样好了。 But the __________ day was not _______ good. 13.从山顶上看,这个城市棒极了。 The city looked ___________ from the _________ of the hill. 14.我们没有带伞,所以,我们全身又湿又冷。 We didn’t have an ___________ so we _____________ wet and cold. Unit 2 How often do you exercise? 1.我不能忍受牛奶I can’t ____________ milk. 2.下面就是结果Here ____________ the _____________. 3.我们发现仅仅百分之十五的学生每天锻炼。 We _______ that only fifteen ________ _____ our _________ exercise ______ day. 4.我们都知道很多学生经常上网,我们很吃惊他们中有百分之九十的人每天上 网。 We _____ know that many students ________ go _______, we were ________ that ninety percent of them _________ the __________ every day. 5.虽然很多学生喜欢看体育节目,但游戏节目依然是最受欢迎的。 ________ many students _____ _____ watch sports, game shows ______ _______ ______ _________. 6.通过上网或看游戏节目来放松很好,但是我们认为最好的放松方法还是通过锻 炼。 It is good to __________ by _________ the Internet or ________ game shows, but we _________ the __________ way ________ relax is ___________ ___________. 7.对思想和身体都很健康。 It’s _________ _______ the mind and the body. 8.开始锻炼,为时不晚。 So _________ _________ _________ it’s too late! 9.旧习难改。 Old ___________ die __________. Unit 3 I’m more outgoing than my sister. 1.Sam 的头发比Tom的长 Sam ______ _________ hair than ______. = Sam’s hair ______ longer than ______. 2.现在的我比两年前更高了。 I’m ________ now than I ________ 2 years ago I __________ __________ 2 years ago than I ________ now. 3.现在的我比两年前学习更努力了。 I _________ ___________ now than I _________ 2 years ago. 4.两年前的我比现在学习更努力。 I __________ __________ 2 years ago than I _________ now. 5.谁更聪明,你的老爸还是老妈? Who is __________, your mother or your father? 6.妈妈告诉我好朋友像一面镜子。

最新综合英语第二版第二册-U1-u7课后翻译

UNIT1 1. For some,it was a matter of geography---not just which tower they worked in or on which floor,but in which corner of the building. 对有些人来说,生死攸关的是此时此刻他们所在的位置——不仅是哪幢楼,哪一层,更重要的是大楼的哪个角落。 2. In the noise, smoke and sparks, Mayblum didn't realize that his friend Hong Zhu was behind him in the stairwell the whole time. 周围噪声震耳,烟雾弥漫,火星四溅,梅布勒姆没有意识到,他的朋友朱虹始终就在他身后的楼梯井里。 3. piece by piece, she developed a picture of his escape: Harry was on the 87 when the plane hit. 她一点一点地拼出了哈里逃生的场景:飞机撞击时,他正在87层。 4. But as hard as she tried, as many questions as she asked, the picture began to fade on the 36th floor 但是,尽管她绞尽了脑汁,问了无数问题,她拼出的场景还是在第36层上逐渐模糊了 1.那部关于古代战争的电影采用了先进的技术,令观众仿佛身临其境。( illusion ) Thanks to modern technology , the film about that ancient battlegives the audience the illusion of being on the battlefield themselves. 2.在那场大火中,整个古城毁于一旦,但是这块石碑却幸运地保存了下来(devastate) That ancient city was devastated by the fire, but fortunately the stone tablet survived . 3.他们看了那段录像,听了那位妇女的讲述,心里充满了对那位地震孤儿的同情。(fill with) The videotape and the story by the woman filled them with sympathy for the child who had become an orphan in the earthquake . 4.那场大地震中,我们听到过太多太多教师的事迹,他们拒绝离开学生自己逃生,献出了自己的生命。(leave behind )In that earthquake , we heard many stories of teachers who had refused to leave their students behind and laid down their lives . 5.豫园的建造始于1558年,但由于资金短缺时建时停,1578年才建成。(off and on ) The construction of the Yu Yuan Garden began in 1558 ,but it was not completed until 1578 because building went off and on for lack of money 6.1980年我遇到她时,她刚从国外读完硕士回来。(meet up with ) In 1980, when I met up with her , she had just returned from abroad with a master’s degree . 7.这是我第一次来纽约,但我还是设法找到了那家小公司。(find one’s way to) It was my first visit to New York , but Imanaged to find my way to the small firm . 8.在电影界要达到顶峰是非常困难的,但是作为一名导演谢晋做到了。( make up ) It is hard to make it to the top in the movie industry , but as a director Xie Jin did it . UNIT 2 1.Middle-aged folks work out in gym and jog down the street, trying to delay the effects of age. 中年人在体育馆锻炼身体 2.The most unsettling aspect of youth is the uncertainty you feel about your values, goals, and dreams. 青年人最不稳定的因素是他们对价值、目标、梦想的不确定。 3.I can make a speech in front of a town meeting or complain in a store because I am no longer terrified that people will laugh at me; I am no longer anxious that everyone must like me. 镇上开会我可以大胆发言 4.I no longer blame my parents for my every personality quirk or keep a running score of everything they did wrong raising me. 我不再因为自己个性方面的缺陷责怪父母 1、如今许多爱慕虚荣的年轻人,尽管还不富裕,但却迷上了漂亮的小汽车。 Many vain young people are obsessed with fancy cars despite the fact that they are not yet rich enough to afford them. 2、当他的婚外恋被妻子发现后,他们的婚姻终于破裂了。 Their marriage finally fell apart when his affair with another woman was found out by his wife. 3、那位艺术家为了获得创作的灵感,在农村住了三年,放弃了生活上的许多享受。 For artistic inspiration, the artist lived in the country for three years, where he denied himself many comforts of life.

第一讲 汉译英的特点和步骤

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