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2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语新课标全国Ⅰ卷(标准)-解析

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语新课标全国Ⅰ卷(标准)-解析
2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语新课标全国Ⅰ卷(标准)-解析

绝密★启用前试卷类型:B 新课标全国Ⅰ卷使用用范围:河南河北山西

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语

注意事项:

1. 本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。第Ⅰ卷1至7页,第Ⅱ卷7至8页。

2. 答题前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在本试卷相应的位置。

3. 全部答案在答题卡上完成,答在本试卷上无效。

4. 第Ⅰ卷听力部分满分30分,不计入总分,考试成绩录取时提供给高校作参考。

5. 考试结束后,将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)

做题时,先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后,你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。

第一节(共5个小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)

听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一道小题,从每题所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。

例:How much is the shirt?

A.£19.15.

B.£9.18.

C.£9.15.

答案是C。

1. What does the woman want to do?

A. Find a place.

B. Buy a map.

C. Get an address.

2. What will the man do for the woman?

A. Repair her car.

B. Give her a ride.

C. Pick up her aunt.

3. Who might Mr. Peterson be?

A. A new professor.

B. A department head.

C.A company director.

4. What does the man think of the book?

A. Quite difficult.

B. Very interesting.

C. Too simple.

5. What are the speakers talking about?

A. Weather.

B. Clothes.

C. News.

第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)

听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置,听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题。每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。

6. Why is Harry unwilling to join woman?

A. He has a pain in his knee.

B. He wants watch TV.

C. He is too lazy.

7. What will the woman probably do next?

A. Stay at home.

B. Take Harry to hospital.

C. Do some exercise.

听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。

8. When will the man be home from work?

A. At 5:45.

B. At 6:15.

C. At 6:50.

9. Where will the speakers go?

A. The Green House Cinema.

B. The New State Cinema.

C. The UME Cinema.

听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。

10. How will the speakers go to New York?

A. By air.

B. By Taxi.

C. By bus.

11. Why are the speakers making the trip?

A. For business.

B. For shopping.

C. For holiday.

12. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?

A. Driver and passenger.

B. Husband and wife.

C. Fellow workers.

听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。

13. Where does this conversation probably take place?

A. In a restaurant.

B. In an office.

C. In a classroom.

14. What does John do now?

A. He’s trainer.

B. He’s a tour guide.

C. He’s a college student.

15. How much can a new person for the first year?

A.$10,500.

B.$12,000.

C.$15,000.

16. How many people will the woman hire?

A. Four.

B. Three.

C. Two.

听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。

17. How long has the speaker lived in a big city?

A. One year.

B. Ten years.

C. Eighteen years.

18. What is the speaker’s opinion on public transport?

A. It’s comfortable.

B. It’s time–saving.

C. It’s cheap.

19. What is good about living in a small town?

A. It’s safer.

B. It’s healthier.

C. It’s more convenient.

20. What kind of life does the speaker seem to like most?

A. Busy.

B. Colorful.

C. Quiet.

第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分60分)

第一节(共15小题;每小题3分,满分45分)

阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑。

A

The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge

Dare to Take the Curiosity Challenge!

The Cambridge Science Festival (CSF)is pleased to inform you of the sixth annual Curiosity Challenge. The challenge invites, even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity and how it inspires them to explore their world.

Students are being dared to draw a picture, write an article, take a photo or write a poem that shows what they are curious about. To enter the challenge, all artwork or pieces of writing should be sent to the Cambridge Science Festival, MIT Museum, 265 Mass Avenue, Cambridge 02139 by Friday, February 8th.

Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st. Guest speakers will also present prizes to the students. Winning entries will be published in a book. Student entries will be exhibited and prizes will be given. Families of those who take part will be included in the celebration and brunch will be served.

Between March 10th and March 15th, each winner will be given the specifics of the closing ceremony and the Curiosity Challenge celebration. The program guidelines and other related information are available at: https://www.doczj.com/doc/4312371569.html,.

21. Who can take part in the Curiosity Challenge?

A. School students.

B. Cambridge locals.

C. CSF winners.

D. MIT artists.

22. When will the prize-giving ceremony be held?

A. On February 8th.

B. On March 10th.

C. On March 15th.

D. On April 21st.

23. What type of writing is this text?

A. An exhibition guide.

B. An art show review.

C. An announcement.

D. An official report.

B

Passenger pigeons (旅鸽) once flew over much of the United States in unbelievable numbers. Written accounts from the 18th and 19th centuries described flocks (群) so large that they darkened the sky for hours.

It was calculated that when its population reached its highest point, there were more than 3 billion passenger pigeons – a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world. Even as late as 1870 when their numbers had already become smaller, a flock believed to be 1 mile wide and 320 miles (about 515 kilometers) long was seen near Cincinnati.

Sadly, the abundance of passenger pigeons may have been their undoing. Where the birds were most abundant, people believed there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands. Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time. The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.

By the closing decades of the 19th century, the hardwood forests where passenger pigeons nested had been damaged by Americans’ need for wood, which scattered (驱散) the flocks and forced the birds to go farther north, where cold temperatures and spring storms contributed to their decline. Soon the great flocks were gone, never to be seen again.

In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons, but by then,

no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900. For a time, a few birds survived under human care. The last of them, known affectionately as Martha, died at the Cincinnati Zoological Garden on September 1, 1914.

24. In the 18th and early 19th centuries, passenger pigeons _________.

A. were the biggest bird in the world

B. lived mainly in the south of America

C. did great harm to the natural environment

D. were the largest bird population in the US

25. The underlined word ―undoing‖ probably refers to the pigeons’ _________.

A. escape

B. ruin

C. liberation

D. evolution

26. What was the main reason for people to kill passenger pigeons?

A. To seek pleasure.

B. To save other birds.

C. To make money.

D. To protect crops.

27. What can we infer about the law passed in Michigan?

A. It was ignored by the public.

B. It was declared too late.

C. It was unfair.

D. It was strict.

C

A typical lion tamer (驯兽师) in people’s mind is an entertainer holding a whip (鞭) and a chair. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it’s the chair that does the important work. When a lion tamer holds a chair in front of the lion’s face, the lion tries to focus on all four legs of the chair at the same time. With its focus divided, the lion becomes confused and is unsure about what to do next. When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.

How often do you find yourself in the same position as the lion? How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight, start a business, travel more)– only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?

This upsets me to no end because while all the experts are busy debating about which option is best, the people who want to improve their lives are left confused by all of the conflicting information. The end result is that we feel like we can’t focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.

It doesn’t have to be that way. Anytime you find the world wav ing a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people. If you have somewhere you want to go, something you want to accomplish, someone you want to become… take immediate action. If you’re clear about where you want to go, the rest of the world will either help you get there or get out of the way.

28. Why does the lion tamer use a chair?

A. To trick the lion.

B. To show off his skills.

C. To get ready for a fight.

D. To entertain the audience.

29. In what sense are people similar to a lion facing a chair?

A. They feel puzzled over choices.

B. They hold on to the wrong things.

C. They find it hard to make changed.

D. They have to do something for show.

30. What is the author’s attitude towards the experts mentioned in Paragraph 3?

A. Tolerant.

B. Doubtful.

C. Respectful.

D. Supportive.

31. When the world is ―waving a chair in your face‖, you’re advised to _________.

A. wait for a better chance

B. break your old habits

C. make a quick decision

D. ask for clear guidance

D

As more and more people speak the global languages of English, Chinese, Spanish, and Arabic, other languages are rapidly disappearing. In fact, half of the 6,000 – 7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century, according to the United Nations Educational, Scientific, and Cultural Organization (UNESCO).

In an effort to prevent language loss, scholars from a number of organizations –UNESCO and National Geographic among them –have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.

Mark Turin, a scientist at the Macmillan Center, Yale University, who specializes in the languages and oral traditions of the Himalayas, is following in that tradition. His recently published book, A grammar of Thangmi with an Ethnolinguistic Introduction to the Speakers and Their Culture, grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.

Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India, Nepal, Bhutan, and China. But he is not content to simply record these voices before they disappear without record.

At the University of Cambridge Turin discovered a wealth of important materials –including photographs, films, tape recordings, and field notes –which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection.

Now, through the two organizations that he has founded – the Digital Himalaya Project and the World Oral Literature Project –Turin has started a campaign to make such documents, found in libraries and stores around the world, available not just to scholars but to the younger generations of communities from whom the materials were originally collected. Thanks to digital technology and the widely available Internet, Turin notes, the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities.

32. Many scholars are making efforts to _________.

A. promote global language

B. rescue disappearing languages

C. search for language communities

D. set up language research organizations

33. What does ―that tradition‖ in Par agraph 3 refer to?

A. Having full records of the languages.

B. Writing books on language teaching.

C. Telling stories about language users.

D. Living with the native speakers.

34. What is Turin’s book based on?

A. The cultural studies in India.

B. The documents available at Yale.

C. His language research in Bhutan.

D. His personal experience in Nepal.

35. Which of the following best describes Turin’s work?

A. Write, sell and donate.

B. Record, repair and reward.

C. Collect, protect and reconnect.

D. Design, experiment and report.

第二节(共5小题;每小题3分,满分15分)

根据短文内容,从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The jobs of the future have not yet been invented. 36 By helping them develop classic skills that will serve them well no matter what the future holds.

1. Curiosity

Your children need to be deeply curious. 37 Ask kids, ―What ingredients (配料) can we add to make these pancakes even better next time?‖and then try them out. Did those ingredients make the pancakes better? What could we try next time?

2. Creativity

True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new from it. 38 There are a dozen different things you can do with them. Experimenting with materials to create something new can go a long way in helping them develop their creativity.

3. Personal skills

Understanding how others feel can be a challenge for kids. We know what’s going on inside our own head, but what about others? Being able to read people helps kid from misreading a situation and jumping to false conclusions. 39 ―Why do you think she’s crying?‖ ―Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?‖ ―If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?‖

4. Self Expression

40 There are many ways to express thoughts and ideas –music, acting, drawing, building, photography. You may find that your child is attracted by one more than another.

A. Encourage kids to cook with you.

B. And we can’t forget science education.

C. We can give kids chances to think about materials in new ways.

D. So how can we help our kids prepare f or jobs that don’t yet exist?

E. Gardening is another great activity for helping kids develop this skill.

F. We can do this in real life or ask questions about characters in stories.

G. Being able to communicate ideas in a meaningful way is a valuable skill.

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分55分)

第一节完形填空(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)

阅读下面短文,从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

As a general rule, all forms of activity lead to boredom when they are performed on a routine (常规) basis. As a matter of fact, we can see this 41 at work in people of all 42 . For example, on Christmas morning, children are excited about 43 with their new toys. But their 44 soon wears off the by January those 45 toys can be found put away in the basement. The world is full of 46 stamp albums and unfinished models, each standing as a monument to someone’s 47 interest. When parents bring home a pet, their child 48 bathes it and brushes its fur. Within a short time, however, the 49 of caring for the animal is handed over to the parents. Adolescents enter high school with great 50 but are soon looking forward to 51 . The same is true of the young adults going to college. And then, how many 52 , who now complain (抱怨)about the long drives to work, 53 drove for hour at a time when they first 54 their driver’s licenses (执照)? Before people retire, they usually 55 to do a lot of 56 things, which they never had 57 to do while working.

But 58 after retirement, the golfing, the fishing, the reading and all of the other pastimes become as boring as the jobs they 59 . And, like the child in January, they go searching for new 60 .

41. A. principle B. habit C. way D. power

42. A. parties B. races C. countries D. ages

43. A. working B. living C. playing D. going

44. A. confidence B. interest C. anxiety D. sorrow

45. A. same B. extra C. funny D. expensive

46. A. well-organized B. colorfully-printed C. newly-collected D. half-filled

47. A. broad B. passing C. different D. main

48. A. silently B. impatiently C. gladly D. worriedly

49. A. promise B. burden C. right D. game

50. A. courage B. calmness C. confusion D. excitement

51. A. graduation B. independence C. responsibility D. success

52. A. children B. students C. adults D. retirees

53. A. carefully B. eagerly C. nervously D. bravely

54. A. required B. obtained C. noticed D. discovered

55. A. need B. learn C. start D. plan

56. A. great B. strange C. difficult D. correct

57. A. time B. money C. skills D. knowledge

58. A. only B. well C. even D. soon

59. A. lost B. chose C. left D. quit

60. A. pets B. toys C. friends D. colleagues

第Ⅱ卷

注意事项:

用0.5毫米黑色笔迹的签字笔将答案写在答题卡上。写在本试卷上无效。

第三部分英语知识运用(共两节,满分55分)

第二节(共10分;每小题1.5分,满分15分)

阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

Are you facing a situation that looks impossible to fix?

In 1969, the pollution was terrible along the Cuyahoga River near Cleveland, Ohio. It 61 (be) unimaginable that it could ever be cleaned up. The river was so polluted that it 62 (actual) caught fire and burned. Now, years later, this river is one of 63 most outstanding examples of environmental cleanup.

But the river wasn’t changed in a few days 64 even a few months. It took years of work 65 (reduce) the industrial pollution and clean the water. Finally, that hard work paid off and now the water in the river is 66 (clean) than ever.

Maybe you are facing an impossible situation. Maybe you have a habit 67 is driving your family crazy. Possibly you drink too much or don’t know how to control your credit card use. When you face such an impossible situation, don’t you want a quick fix and something to change immediately?

While there are 68 (amaze) stories of instant transformation, for most of us the 69 (change) are gradual and require a lot of effort and work, like cleaning up a polluted river. Just be 70 (patience). 第四部分写作(共两节,满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分,满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。

Nearly five years before, and with the help by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden. Since then – for all these year – we had been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please. As result, the plants are growing somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy and taste. There are so much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost!

第二节书面表达(满分25分)

假定你是李华,计划暑假期间去英国学习英语,为期六周。下面的广告引起了你的注意,请给该校写封信,询问有关情况(箭头所指内容)。

注意:1.词数100左右;

2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。

3.参考词汇:住宿– accommodation。

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试

英语试题答案(B卷)

第一部分:

1. A

2. B

3. C

4. B

5. A

6. B

7. C

8. A

9. C 10. A 11. A 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. A 16. C 17. B 18. C 19. A 20. B

第二部分:

(A)【文章大意】本文属于应用文中的通知,主要介绍了The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge(剑桥科技节)的很多信息,如活动的流程,时间节点等。

21. A 细节题。根据文章第一段2,3行The challenge invites , even dares school students between the ages of 5 and 14 to create artwork or a piece of writing that shows their curiosity how it inspires them to explore their world.可知这个活动主要的参加对象是学校里的学生。故A正确。

22. D 细节题。根据文章第三段Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honor at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.可知进入挑战赛的并获奖的同学将在4月21日的颁奖典礼上接受颁奖。故D正确。

23. C 推理题。本文主要介绍了The Cambridge Science Festival Curiosity Challenge剑桥科技节的很多信息,属于应用文中的通知。也就是让别人知道这件重大活动的情况。故C正确。

【句子解析】Students who enter the Curiosity Challenge and are selected as winners will be honored at a special ceremony during the CSF on Sunday, April 21st.(进入Curiosity Challenge并被选为获胜者的学生将会在4月21日一个特别的仪式上被授奖。)

(B)【文章大意】本文主要讲述的是美国历史上鸽子曾经是最多的鸟类,但是人们不加控制的捕杀让鸽子的数量迅速减少,虽然很多地方都采取了措施,但是效果仍然不明显。

24. D 细节题。根据文章第一段3、4行It was calculated that when it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons - a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.可知鸽子在当时是美国数量最多的鸟类。故D正确。

25. B 推理题。根据文章第二段3、4行there was an ever-lasting supply and killed them by the thousands, Commercial hunters attracted them to small clearings with grain, waited until pigeons had settled to feed, then threw large nets over them, taking hundreds at a time.可知很多鸽子都被捕捉并杀死卖往餐厅。所以该词应该是指鸽子遇见了毁灭性的打击。故B正确。

26. C 推理题。根据第二段最后一句The birds were shipped to large cities and sold in restaurants.可知鸽子被捕捉并背运往大城市卖给了各个餐厅,说明人们捕捉鸽子是为了挣钱。故C正确。

27. B 推理题。根据本段第二行but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years. The last confirmed wild pigeon in the United States was shot by a boy in Pike County, Ohio, in 1900.可知虽然制定了法律,但是十年以后还没有看见成规模的很多的鸽子,说明这部法律的发行已经晚了。故B正确。

【句子翻译】1. When it population reached its highest point ,they were more than 3billlion passenger pigeons—a number equal to 24 to 40 percent of the total bird population in the United States, making it perhaps the most abundant bird in the world.(当鸽子的数量到达顶峰的时候,有超过30亿只,这个数字是美国所有的鸟类的20%至40%,让鸽子成为世界上数量最多的鸟。)

2. In 1897, the state of Michigan passed a law prohibiting the killing of passenger pigeons but by then, no sizable flocks had been seen in the state for 10 years.(在1897年,密西根州通过了一项法律,禁止人们捕杀鸽子。但是十年以后在这个州也没有看见大规模的鸽群。)(C)【文章大意】本文通过驯兽师驯狮子的时候把椅子放在狮子前面引起讨论,当我们人类面对很多选择

时候,我们应该怎么做。在文章中作者建议我们遇见这种情况,要离开采取行动。

28. A 推理题。根据文章第一段最后一句When faced with so many options, the lion chooses to freeze and wait instead of attacking the man holding the chair.可知把椅子放在狮子前面的时候,狮子被椅子的四条腿迷惑住了,不知道该攻击那一个。所以椅子起着迷惑狮子的作用。故A正确。

29. A 推理题。根据文章第二段How often do you have something you want to achieve (e.g. lose weight., start a business, travel more) - only to end up confused by all of the options in front of you and never make progress?可知当我们面临着很多选择的时候,我们也会很困惑,不知道该选择哪一种。这一点和面对椅子的狮子是相似的。故A正确。

30. B 推理题。根据第三段The end result is that we feel like we cant’ focus or that we’re focused on the wrong things, and so we take less action, make less progress, and stay the same when we could be improving.说明作者对于专家有怀疑,因为我们最后采取的行动较少,取得的进步也小。故B正确。

31. C 推理题。根据文章最后一段2、3行All you need to do is focus on one thing,. You just need to get started. Starting before you feel ready is one of the habits of successful people.可知当我们面对多种选择的时候,我们需要的只是立刻采取行动。故C正确。

【句子翻译】

1. The whip gets all of the attention, but it’s mostly for show. In reality, it is the chair that does the important work.(驯兽师的鞭子引起了人们的注意,但这只是为了表演。实际上,起着重要作用的是椅子。)

2. Anytime you find the world waving a chair in your face, remember this: All you need to do is focus on one thing.(任何时候你发现你的面前有椅子在挥动的时候,请记住这一点:你需要的是集中注意力于一件事情。)(D)【文章大意】本文告诉我们世界上有很多语言和文化即将消失,有很多学者正在努力保护这些文化,如Mark Turin。他们收集,整理这些文化有关的材料,运用现代电子技术进行保存或保护等等。

32. B 细节题。根据第二段2,3行have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。他们在挽救这些文化。故C正确。

33. A 推理题。根据文章第二段have for many years been documenting dying languages and the cultures they reflect.可知很多学者正在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。以防止这些语言和文化永远地消失。而Mark Turin正在following in that tradition(追随这样的传统)。所以这里的It就是指前面一段里的学者在记录这些即将消失的语言和文化。故A正确。

34. D 细节题。根据文章第三段中的grows out of his experience living, working, and raising a family in a village in Nepal.这本书的内容出自他在尼泊尔生活,工作以及抚养家人的经历。说明这本书是以他的个人经历为基础的。故D正确。

35. C 推理题。根据文章第四段Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China .他一直都在收集这些材料;根据文章第五段which had remained unstudied and were badly in need of care and protection可知他在努力这些材料。再根据文章最后一段the endangered languages can be saved and reconnected with speech communities可知C项说法是正确的。

【句子翻译】1. In fact, half of the 6,000-7,000 languages spoken around the world today will likely die out by the next century.(实际上,到下个世纪现有的6000至7000种被讲的语言中有一半都可能会消失。)

2. Documenting the Thangmi language and culture is just a starting point for Turin, who seeks to include other languages and oral traditions across the Himalayan reaches of India , Nepal, Bhutan, and China.(对于Turin来说记录Thangmi语言和文化只是一个开始,他还努力喜马拉雅山地区的印度、尼泊尔、不丹和中国的语言和传统都包括在他的工作里。)

36. D 推理题。根据前一句The jobs of the future have not yet been invented未来的工作还没有发明出来。所以我们也不知道它们究竟是什么样子的。更谈不上让我们的孩子为之做好准备。我们能做的就是让我们的孩子练好传统的技能。

37. A 推理题。根据下一行“What ingredients(配料)can we add to make these pancakes even

better next time?”可知本段讲述的是做饭,这也是一项传统技能。我们要鼓励孩子和我们一起做饭,通过孩子的好奇心来培养这种传统的技能。

38. C推理题。根据前面一句True creativity is the ability to take something existing and create something new真正的创造能力是从现存的东西里创造出新的东西的能力。所以我们给孩子机会让他们用新的方法来考虑这些现有的事物,以此来培养他们的创造能力。只有C项符合上下文串联。

39. F 根据下面的三个问题“Why do you think she’s crying?”“Can you tell how that man is feeling by looking at his face?”“If someone were to do that to you, how would you feel?”可知我们要让孩子来思考为什么别人会有各种行为。以此培养他们理解他人思想的能力,以免错误的判断形势得出错误的结论。所以问一下故事里的有关问题可以培养孩子这方面的能力。F项符合上下文语境。

40. G 根据music, acting, drawing, building, photography.可知这些都是我们表达自己思想的有效方法,能够让孩子有这些有效的方法进行表达思想也是一种很重要的技巧。我们要培养孩子这方面的能力。故G项符合上下文语境。

第三部分:

【文章大意】在人的一生中会有很多的兴趣爱好,但是当这些兴趣爱好成为经常做的事情时,人们很快就会失去对它们的兴趣,转而寻找新的兴趣爱好了。作者在本文中通过不同年龄的孩子,年轻人,成年人以及即将退休的人的例子告诉我们这个定理。

41. A 考察名词词义辨析及上下文语境。A原则,定理;B习惯;C弱者;D权力,电力;通常说来当各种活动变成常规的时候都会让人厌倦。实际上这一定理在各个年龄段的人身上都有反映。本句中的principle 定理,指经常出现的情况。

42. D 考察名词词义辨析和上下文串联。A聚会,政党;B种族;C国家;D年龄;作者在下面列举了小孩子,青年人,成年人已经要退休的人的情况,说明各个年龄段的人都存在这样的情况。

43. C 考察短语辨析。Work with……与某人一起工作;live with与……同居;忍受;paly with玩耍;go with与……相配套;paly with是指不按照规则的随便玩耍。孩子们对于玩新的玩具总是很兴奋。

44. B 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A信心;B 兴趣;C焦虑;D悲伤;根据前句children are excited……说明开始的时候孩子对于新玩具的兴趣很浓厚。但是慢慢地他们对于哲学新的玩具的兴趣就消失了。那些曾经很喜欢的玩具都被放在了地下室里了。

45. A 考察形容词辨析及上下文串联。A同样的;B 额外的;C有趣的,滑稽的;D昂贵的;慢慢地他们对于哲学新的玩具的兴趣就消失了。那些曾经很喜欢的同样的玩具都被放在了地下室里了。

46. D 考察形容词辨析及上下文串联。A有组织的;B彩印的;C刚收集的;D半满的;本文主要讲述的是人们的兴趣经常会半途而废。这句是指我们总是不把事情做完整,集邮本只有一半邮票,小说只写了一部分,没有完工。这些都是兴趣转移的情况。

47. B 考察形容词词义辨析及上下文串联。A宽阔的;B过去的;以前的;C不同的;D主要的;这些一半满的集邮本,写了一半的小说都是我们过去的兴趣的纪念物。这些材料能够说明曾经很感兴趣的东西最后都会让人厌倦。

48. C 考察副词辨析及语境串联。A安静地;B不耐烦的;C高兴地;D担心地;当父母亲把宠物带回家,孩子们很高兴地给宠物洗澡,梳理毛发。这说明在新鲜事物出现的时候,人们总是兴趣浓厚。

49. B 考察名词辨析及语境串联。A诺言;B负担;C权利;D游戏;但是慢慢地照顾宠物就成为了负担(他们对照顾宠物已经不感兴趣了),这个负担就由父母亲承担了。

50. D 考察名词辨析及上下文串联。A勇气;B镇定;C困惑;D兴奋;与孩子一样,进入高中的年轻人在开始的时候非常兴奋,但是很快他们就厌倦了高中生活,期待着毕业了。

51. A 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A毕业;B 独立;C责任;D成功;这个例子仍然告诉我们年轻人的兴趣也是很快就消失的。刚进入高中时很兴奋,但很快他们就厌倦了高中生活,期待着毕业了。

52. C 考察名词词义辨析及语境串联。A孩子;B 学生;C成年人;D退休的人。在前几句里叙述了小孩子,青年人的情况之后,本句开始讲述成年人的情况。那些抱怨开车很长时间上班的人在刚刚拿到驾照的时候又是无比兴奋。

53. B 考察副词辨析及上下文串联。A细心地;B 急切地;C紧张地;D勇敢地;刚刚拿到驾照的成年人

非常兴奋,急切地连续开车好几个小时,慢慢地他们厌倦了开车,开车上班都有了抱怨。

54. B 考察动词词义辨析及语境串联。A要求,请求;B获得;拿到;C注意到;D发现;本句是指成年人在刚刚得到驾照的时候无比急切地要去开车。

55. D 考察动词词义辨析及上下文串联。A需要;B 学习;C开始;D计划;本句在讲述即将退休的老人的情况。他们在退休之前,计划在退休之后要做很多的事情。

56. A 考察形容词辨析及语境串联。A很棒的,伟大的;B强壮的;C困难的;D正确的;在退休之前,他们雄心勃勃地计划要去做很多很棒的事情,这些事情是他们在工作的时候没有时间去做的。

57. A 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A时间;B 金钱;C技巧;D知识;本句的关键词是while working,人们在工作的时候是没有太多的功夫去做别的事情的。故A正确。

58. D 考察副词词义辨析及上下文理解;A仅仅;B 好;C甚至;D很快;退休之前野心勃勃,但是退休之后很快,这些计划要做的高尔夫,钓鱼等都被他们放弃了。因为他们已经没有兴趣了。

59. C 考察动词词义辨析及语境串联。A失去;B 选择;C离开;D放弃;他们放弃高尔夫等是因为这些爱好和他们离开的工作一样都变得很无聊乏味了。

60. B 考察名词词义辨析及上下文串联。A宠物;B 玩具;C朋友;D同事;这些退休的老人和1月份的孩子一样抛弃了以前的兴趣,去找新的玩具了。也就是说他们去寻找新的兴趣了。

【句子翻译】Before people retire, they usually plan to do a lot of great things, which they never had time to do while working.(在人们退休之前,他们经常计划做很多很棒的事情,这些事情是他们工作时没有时间去做的。)第三部分:

第二节:

61. was 根据本段第一句In 1969,the pollution was terrible可知本段叙述的是过去发生的事情。the Cuyahoga River Cleveland在过去被污染地如此地严重,过去没有人能够想象到这条河能被清理干净。

62. actually 本句中使用副词actually做状语修饰谓语动词caught fire,actual是形容词,不能在句中做状语,通常只做定语或者表语修饰名词。

63. the 本句横线后面的most是最高级的形式,所以使用the most outstanding的形式。

64. or 句义:但是这条河流的改变不是几天或者几个月的事情。本句中的or“或者”表示选择的意思。

65. to reduce 考察固定句式:It takes sb some time to do sth做某事花了某人……时间;句中的不定式to reduce he industrial pollution and clean the water是句子真正的主语。前面的it是形式主语。

66. cleaner 句义:最后人们的努力得到了回报,现在这条河比以前更干净了。横线后面有than,说明横线上应该使用比较级的形式。

67. that/which 本句是一个定语从句,先行词是a habit,定语从句中使用关系动词that/which指代先行词在句做主语。

68. amazing 现在分词转换的形容词常常修饰事物,过去分词转换的形容词常常修饰人或者与人有关的事物。横线后面是名词story,说明应该使用现在分词转换的形容词。

69. changes 本句中谓语部分是系动词are,说明主语应该是一个复数形式的名词,所以使用changes。

70. patient 横线前面有系动词be,说明本句是一个祈使句be patient耐心一点。因为很多变化都是逐渐发生的,需要很多努力,我们要耐心一点。

第四部分:

第一节:

Nearly five years

ago

before before, and with the help of

by our father, my sister and I planted some cherry tomatoes (圣女果) in our back garden. Since then – for all these

years

year–we

have

had been allowing tomatoes to

self-seed where they please. As

a

∧result, the plants are

growing

everywhere

somewhere. The fruits are small in size, but juicy

and

tasty

taste. There are so

many

much that we often share them with our neighbors. Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year,

yet

ut

b

/we have

never had any disease or insect attack problems. We are growing wonderf ul

y wonderf ull tomatoes at no cost!

1. before 改为ago (一段时间和before 连用的时候常常和完成时连用。一段时间和age 连用,常常和过去时连用。句义:大约5年前,在父亲的帮助下,妹妹和我种了一些圣女果。)

2. by 改为of (考察固定搭配with the help of …… 在……的帮助下。)

3. year 改为years (本句前面的形容词these 常常修饰可数名词复数形式,所以使用名词years 。)

4. had 改为have (本句的时间状语是all these years ,通常和现在完成进行时连用。所以使用have been doing 的形式。)

5. As 后面加a (考察固定搭配as a result 结果是;句义:结果,圣女果长得到处都是。)

6. somewhere 改为everywhere (根据上下文可知我们让圣女果自己繁殖,所以到处长得都是圣女果。)

7. taste 改为tasty (本句中的形容词juicy 和tasty 都是形容词和前面的small 一样都和系动词are 构成系表结构。这些水果很小,但是多汁而且味道很好。)

8. much 改为many (本句中的many 指代可数名词cherry tomatoes 的复数形式,所以不能使用much 修饰。)

9. but 改为yet 或者去掉but (连词although 不能和but 连用,因为这两个词都是连词,不能一起连用。可以把but 改为副词yet 。)

10. wonderfully 改为形容词wonderful (本句中使用形容词wonderful 做定语来修饰后面的名词tomatoes 。) 第二节:

【写作指导】本文属于应用文中的书信,李华写信给英国的一个培训中心询问暑假培训的详细内容。使用第一人称和将来时为主的时态。

要点:

1. 你计划去英国学习英语;

2. 看见了对方的广告,引起你的注意。想询问具体信息。

3. 该校培训班的开始日期,班级规模,周课时,费用以及食宿方式。

4. 期待对方的回信。

写作时要选择自己熟悉的短语或者句型,在你的能

力范围之内,选择句式时要赋予变化,多注意灵活使用定语从句,包括非限制性定语从句等高级句式。

【一句多译】我是一名来自中国的学生,我计划在假期里到英国参加一个暑期培训班。

(1)I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation.

(2)As a student from China, I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. 一、内容要点

1. 参加为期六周的英语班

2. 询问

(1)课程开始的时间、每周课时 (2)每班人数 3. 合适的结尾

二、各档次的给分范围和要求 第五档(21~25分)

完全完成了试题规定的任务。

·覆盖所有内容要点。

·应用了较多的语法结构和词汇。

·语法结构或词汇方面有些许错误,但为尽力使用较复杂结构或较高级词汇所致;具备较强的语言运用能力。

·有效地使用了语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。

完全达到了预期的写作目的。 第四档(16~20分)

完全完成了试题规定的任务。

·虽漏掉1、2个次重点,但覆盖所有主要内容。 ·应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 ·语法结构或词汇方面应用基本准确,些许错误主要是因尝试较复杂语法结构或词汇所致。 ·应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文结构紧凑。 达到了预期的写作目的。 第三档(11~15分)

基本完成了试题规定的任务。

·虽漏掉一些内容,但覆盖所有主要内容。 ·应用的语法结构和词汇能满足任务的要求。 ·有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,但不影响理解。

·应用简单的语句间的连接成分,使全文内容连贯。 整体而言,基本达到了预期的写作目的。 第二档(6~10分)

未恰当完成试题规定的任务。

·漏掉或未描述清楚一些主要内容,写了一些无关内容。

·语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。

·有一些语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响了对写

作内容的理解。

·较少使用语句间的连接成分,内容缺少连贯性。

信息未能清楚地传达给读者。

第一档(1~5分)

未完成试题规定的任务。

·明显遗漏主要内容,写了一些无关内容,原因可能是未理解试题要求。

·语法结构单调、词汇项目有限。

·较多语法结构或词汇方面的错误,影响对写作内容的理解。

·缺乏语句间的连接成分,内容不连贯。

信息未能传达给读者。

不得分(0分)

未能传达给读者任何信息:内容太少,无法评判;所写内容与所要求内容无关或所写内容无法看清。

三、One Possible Version

Dear Sir / Madam,

I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to at tend a summer school during the vacation. I’ve seen your ad, and I’d like to know something more about your six-week English course. First, when will the course start and how many class hours are there per week? Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class. I’d also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodation is included. Would there be host family or university dormitory?

I am looking forward to your early reply.

Yours faithfully,

Li Hua

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试英语听力部分录音原文

英语听力使用范围:广西卷新课标卷江苏卷江西卷福建卷安徽卷辽宁卷

Text 1

W: Excuse me. This is the address. How do I find it?

M:Right. You’ll need a street map. Here’s one, and I’ll show you where it is.

Text 2

W:Oh my! My car broke down, and I have to meet my aunt at the railway station before noon.

M:You’re lucky. I can drop you off on my way.

Text 3

W:Did you hear that Mr. Peterson is coming next week, Gordon?

M:Yes, so I called all the department heads to my office this morning. We need to give him reports on our program.

Text 4

W:I hope you like the book I lent you. I wasn’t sure if you’d be interested.

M: I had the same doubt at first. But once I started, I simply couldn’t put it down.

Text 5

W:What is going on? It’s May, and we still have to wear warm clothes.

M:Well, there’s some good news on the radio. You probably can wear shorts tomorrow.

Text 6

W:Harry, let’s play some ping-pong today.

M:I’d love to play a set or two, but my right arm hurts. I’ve decided to stop playing ping-pong until it feels better.

W: Well, how about going skating?

M:I’d like to, but my knee hurts, too.

W:Harry, stop making excuses! You’re just lazy.

M:No, I’m not! You know, there’s a basketball match on TV today. Let’s just stay home and watch it.

W: OK. You sta y, and I’ll play with Helen.

Text 7

W: What do you want to do tonight?

M: How about going to the cinema? I should be home from work at 5:45. Then we can go out and eat before we see a film.

W: What do you want to see?

M:There’s a good art film at the Gree n House Cinema.

W:Let’s see…it starts at 6:15. I don’t think we can get there in time to see the beginning. How about the action film at the New State Cinema? It starts at 6:50. Perhaps the 7:00 one at the UME Cinema is even better. It stars Jackie Chan.

M:OK, that’s fine. I like him, too.

Text 8

M:Hey, Lucy. Do you have some time to talk about next week’s trip with me?

W: Sure, Dave.

M:OK. So, we’re leaving on Monday from Hartsfield International Airport, and returning on Friday. Do we take ourselves to the airport? Maybe we need to book a taxi, or just go by bus.

W:No, we don’t have to. The company car will pick us up and take us there.

M:Oh, that’s good. When?

W: Our flight leaves at 11:00 a.m., so they should pick

us up between 8:00 and 9:00 a.m. Besides, the company pays for our trip, including hotel and food.

M: How much will that be?

W: Well, New York is a pretty expensive city. So, each of us will get $200 a day.

M: Oh, OK. Thanks for telling me that.

W:You’re welcome.

Text 9

W:Please sit down. Let’s see…you’re Mr. Smith. Is that correct?

M: Yes. John Smith.

W:And you’re interested in this job?

M:Yes, I am. I’ll graduate from college the coming June. My major is Chinese.

W: I see. Have you ever done any work in this field?

M: Yes, I used to be a tour guide for Chinese travelers.

W:Good. Now, how much money do you expect to have for a year?

M:From what I’ve read, it seems that a starting pay would be around $12,000 a year.

W:Here, you would start at $10,500 for the first year…a kind of train ing period. Then you would go to $15,000.

M:That sounds fair enough. What do you think are the chances for me to get a job here?

W:Well, I’m talking to three people today and four tomorrow. We’ll be hiring two people. You’ll hear from us sometime next month. Good luck! And thanks for coming in today.

Text 10

M:Well, I’d love to share with you my personal opinions on city life and life in small towns. I grew up in a small town until I was 18 and then moved to a big city, so I have experienced the good and bad sides of both. I never thought that I would like living in a big city, but I was wrong. After ten years of living in one, I can’t imagine ever living in a small town again. Surely small towns and big cities both have some problems in terms of transport. In a small town, you have to own a car to make life comfortable. You can’t get around without one because there isn’t any kind of public transport. Big cities generally have heavy traffic and expensive parking, but there you have a choice of taking public transport, which is cheaper than driving. So, if you don’t have a car, you’d better live in the city. I also love the exciting life in big cities. I can always enjoy a lot of films, concerts, and other wonderful shows. However, these things are not common in small towns. The final thing I like about large cities is that you can meet different kinds of people. However, you seldom find such a variety of people in a smaller town. I think that living in an area where everyone was just like me would quickly become dull. Of course, safety should be considered, and that’s one area where small towns are better than big cities. Still, I would rather be a bit more careful and live in a large city than to feel safe but dull.

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大学英语应用能力考试试题及答案

大学英语应用能力考试试 题及答案 Prepared on 21 November 2021

Part I Cloze Test Directions: This part, numbered 1 to 15, is to test your grammar and vocabulary ability. Each of the blanks to is followed by four choices of suggested choices marked A), B), C) and D). Make the best choice and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet. Every year, almost 2 million Americans are injured while they're 1 work. Every day, 240 are killed on the job. The 2 job is cutting down trees. Being a policeman is safer than many jobs, including driving a truck, collecting garbage and 3 airplanes. One of the safest jobs is being a librarian. The government inspects(检查) most factories and offices. 4 have to 5 fines if their factories or offices are unsafe. In California, employers often go to prison if one of their workers is 6 because a factory didn't 7 safety measures. But President Bush cut down the number of government inspectors 8 15 percent. Many people say working is less safe 9 . For women workers, the greatest danger so far is murder. Forty-- two percent of all 10 who die at work were killed. Many of them work 11 clerks in stores 12 they are by themselves at night. Experts say they can protect themselves by putting the cash desk in full 13 of the street. The numbers of deaths and accidents at work don't take into 14 people who become sick from 15 that they are exposed to at work. Doctors don't know if some chemicals cause illness. There are no government rules for many new chemicals. Inspectors say employers turn their backs on safety problems because they don't want to pay the bill for fixing them. They also say some workers don't want to complain about dangers because they may lose their jobs.

2014福建福州英语中考试题解析

2014福州英语中考试题解析 第I卷(选择题110分) 第一部分听力(共三节,满分30分) 第一节听对话选图。(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 听下面五段对话,从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与对话意思相符的图。每段对话读两遍。 1. In what year was Lin Tao born? 2. Which sport does Michael like best? 3. How is the weather tomorrow? 4. What does Wang Hai’s father do? 5. Where did the boy collect the stamps? 第二节对话理解。(共10小题,每小题1.5分,满分15分) 听下面七段对话,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。每段对话读两遍。听第一段对话,完成第6小题。 6. What is the girl doing? A. She’s sleeping. B. She’s watching TV. C. She’s listening to musi c. 听第二段对话,完成第7小题。 7. What is the relationship between the two speakers? A. Mother and son. B. Husband and wife. C. Boss and worker. 听第三段对话,完成第8小题。

8. How long did it take Alice to finish the exam? A. Half an hour. B. An hour. C. Two hours. 听第四段对话,完成第9小题。 9. Why hasn’t Lily handed in her homework? A. She can’t find it. B. She hasn’t finished it. C. She left it at home. 听第五段对话,完成第10一11小题。 10. What is Jane busy with? A. Her summer camp. B. Her plan for a trip. C. Her final exam. 11. What does Jane think of going camping? A. It’s ch eap. B. It’s not safe. C. It’s close to nature. 听第六段对话,完成第12一13小题。 12. What’s wrong with the woman? A. She has a headache. B. She has a toothache. C. She has a fever. 13. Where arc the two speakers? A. At home. B. In the office. C. In the hospital. 听第七段对话,完成第14一15小题。 14. What docs Lin Lin order? A. Cabbage and fried rice. B. Fried rice and fish. C. Fish and cabbage. 15.When does Lin Lin make the telephone call? A. In the morning. B. At noon. C. At midnight. 第三节短文理解(共5小题,每小题1.5分,满分7.5分) 根据你所听到的短文内容,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出正确答案。短文读两遍。 16. The kiwi is similar in size to . A. a man B. an egg C. a chicken 17. The kiwi likes around it. A. trees B. people C. sunlight 18. The kiwi is the only bird in the world . A. that has no hair on its body B. that sleeps during the day C. that smells with its nose 19. Now there are kiwis in New Zealand. A. many B. a few C. almost no 20. Sometimes we call a kiwi. A. New Zealand B. the New Zealand Government C. a person from New Zealand 听力测试答案(满分30分) 第一节7.5分 1. C 2. A 3. B 4. C 5. A 第二节15分6. B 7. A 8. B 9. A 10. C 11. B 12. A 13. B 14. A 15. B 第三节7.5分16. C 17. A 18. C 19. B 2. C 听力材料 二〇一四年福州市初中毕业会考、高级中等学校招生考试 英语试卷听力原文 第一节听对话选图。 听下面五段对话,从题中所给的A、B、C三幅图中选出与对话意思相符的图。每段对话读两遍。

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