第7章英国教育体系
Ⅰ.Multiple choice.
1.Under the old selective system English children who have high marks in the “eleven plus”examination go on to_____.（北京交大2003研）
A.public schools
B.technical schools
C.grammar schools
D.secondary modern schools
【答案】C
【解析】在英国，初级学校学生在最后一学年要参加十一岁儿童升学考试；其中成绩最好的进入文法学校。
2.Which of the following is a feature of British education as a whole?（北京交大2006研）
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b13636312.html,cation is chaotic.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b13636312.html,cation is very expensive.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b13636312.html,cation is highly centralized.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b13636312.html,cation is rather independent and enjoys a great deal of freedom.
【答案】D
【解析】英国教育具有自由化的特点，集中体现在实行学校的地方管理措施。选项D正确。
3.Which of the following statements can not be used to describe universities in Britain?
A.All universities are private institutions.
B.All students have got high marks in“A”Level.
C.They have their own governing councils
D.They now derive nearly all of their funds from state grants.
【答案】A
【解析】白金汉大学（The University of Buckingham）是全英唯一一所私立独立大学，故答案应该选B。
4.Who is responsible for the state schools in a district?
A.Department of Education and Science.
B.Local Education Authorities.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b13636312.html,cation Committees.
D.The headmaster.
【答案】B
【解析】英国公立学校都由地方教育当局负责，不过校内管理主要由校长进行。
5.In Britain,children between the ages of_____to_____must receive the compulsory education.
A.5,15
B.6,15
C.5,16
D.6,16
【答案】C
【解析】英国教育体系中的义务教育阶段是5岁～16岁，5岁是每一位学生在学校学习的最低年限；而在北爱尔兰，儿童从4岁开始就进入义务教育年龄了。
6.The selection tests taken at the age of11is known as_____.
A.eleven-plus
B.A-level
C.O-level
D.HND
【答案】A
【解析】英国的小学生在11岁时会参加eleven-plus升学考试，考试的成绩将决定他们会被什么样的中学录取。
7.The universities of St.Andrews,Glasgow,Aberdeen and Edinburgh are called the four_____universities.
A.Irish
B.Welsh
C.Scottish
D.English
【答案】C
【解析】格拉斯哥大学、安德鲁大学、阿伯丁大学和爱丁堡大学一起被称为苏格兰四大大学。
8.In Britain,the great majority of parents send their children to_____.
A.private schools
B.independent schools
C.state schools
D.public schools
【答案】C
【解析】在英国，公立学校是免费的，93%的学生选择公立学校就读。
9.In Britain,children from the age of5to16_____.
A.can legally receive partly free education.
B.can legally receive completely free education.
C.can not receive free education at all.
D.can not receive free education if their parents are rich.
【答案】B
【解析】英国的现行教育体制中，凡是5到16岁的儿童都有进入学校接受教育的义务，所有的公立学校都是免费的。
10.If a student wants to go to university in Britain,he will take the examination called_____.
A.General Certificate of Education—Advanced.
B.General Certificate of Secondary Education.
C.the common entrance examination.
D.General National Vocational Qualifications.
【答案】A
【解析】GCEA代表的是高级水平测试结业证书（General Certificate of Education-Advanced），又称A-level exams。中学毕业证书考试结束后，希望继续接受大学教育的学生会进入第六年的中学学习，然后再两年后参加A-level考试。
11.Which of the following is a privately funded university in Britain?
A.The University of Cambridge.
B.The University of Oxford.
C.The University of Edinburgh.
D.The University of Buckingham.
【答案】D
【解析】白金汉大学是英国唯一一所私立大学。
12.Which of the following is NOT true?
A.Parents send their children to public schools because they are rich.
B.Parents send their children to public schools because their children can get better jobs when they leave school.
C.Parents send their children to public schools because their children can have a
better chance of getting into a good university.
D.Parents send their children to public schools because their children prefer to go to public schools.
【答案】D
【解析】在英国，学校分为公立学校和私立学校。公立学校的资金来源是地方和中央政府。独立学校经常被称之为“公学”，通过私营部门、学费和一些政府援助筹集资金。独立学校不是国民教育体系的一部分，但其教学质量和标准要靠皇家督学的巡视得以维持。只有那些有钱人家的孩子才上得起独立学校。在公学中，孩子们能接受更好的教育，毕业以后也可获得更好的机会。
13.Which of the following is NOT a characteristic of the Open University?
A.It’s open to everybody.
B.It requires no formal educational qualifications.
C.No university degree is awarded.
D.University courses are followed through TV,radio,correspondence,etc.
【答案】C
【解析】英国开放大学成立于20世纪60年代，主要针对那些因为经济和社会原因而没有机会接受高等教育的人。它向每个人开放，不像其他大学那样要求有正规的学历。该大学的课程主要通过电视、广播、函授、录像和学习中心网等手段来完成。在学习结束时，学习优异的学生会被授予大学学位。
14.In the examination called“the11plus”,students with academic potential go to
_____
A.grammar schools.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b13636312.html,prehensive schools.
C.public schools.
D.technical schools.
【答案】A
【解析】文法学校是英国的一种中学。文法学校通过“11-plus”考试来选拔学生。得到最高分数的孩子可以进入文法学校。
15.Which of the following is NOT included in the National Curriculum?
A.Children must study the subjects like English,mathematics,science and so on.
B.Children must sit in A-level exams.
C.Children must pass national tests.
D.Teachers must teach what they are told.
【答案】B
【解析】1989年，国家课程计划规定了学生的必修科目。学生必须参加并通过国家的测试，根据测试结果给学校排名。A-level并不是所有人都需要参加的项目，是文法学校通过“11-plus”考试来选拔学生，得到最高分数的孩子可以进入文法学校。
Ⅱ.Fill in the blanks.
1.Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest and best universities in Britain and their two widely admired features are the college System and the_____system.（人大
2005研）
【答案】tutorial
【解析】牛津大学与剑桥大学是英国两所最著名的大学，被合称为“Oxbridge”；高校体系和导师制是两所大学的特色，已为其他许多大学所采用。
2.Three famous Public schools are_____,_____and_____.（北京交大2004研）
【答案】Eton；Harrow；Rugby
【解析】在英国，伊顿公学、哈罗公学以及拉格比公学都是世界闻名的公学。
3.At the age of16,prior to leaving school,students are tested in various subjects to earn a_____.If they wish to go on to higher education at a university,they take _____,commonly known as_____.
【答案】General Certificate of Secondary Education(GCSE)；Advanced Level examinations；“A”Levels
【解析】英国学生中学结束需要参加考试，得到普通中等教育证书。如果想继续接受大学教育，需要再接受两年A-level课程，而后参加A-level考试得到“普通教育高级证书”。A-level 考试成绩是大学入学的重要标准。
4.The foremost universities are_____and_____,both founded in the Middle Ages.【答案】the University of Oxford；the University of Cambridge
【解析】牛津大学建校于1167年，剑桥大学创办于1209年，两者是英国最负盛名的大学。
5.Higher education can also be obtained through_____University,founded in1969, which offers extension courses taught through_____,_____and radio programs, and videocassettes.
【答案】the Open；correspondence；television
【解析】1969年，经英国皇家特许令批准，开放大学是一个独立、自治的国家高等教育机构，有权授予学位。
6.Scottish schools receive funds directly from_____instead of from_____.
【答案】the central government；the local authority
【解析】苏格兰学校直接从中央政府接受资金，这一点不同于英格兰学校，后者归当地教育当局负责。
7.The two oldest universities in Britain are_____and_____.
【答案】Oxford；Cambridge
【解析】英国两所最古老的大学分别是牛津大学和剑桥大学。
8.Two famous public schools mentioned in the text are_____and_____.
【答案】Eton；Winchester
【解析】英国的两所著名私立公学分别是伊顿公学和温切斯特公学。
9.Children in Britain must receive a full-time education legally from the age of_____ to_____.