第一层级|抓牢“词法”——保基本分
第一讲名词和冠词
在高考中，语法填空和短文改错重点考查名词的单
复数、不可数名词、名词与其他词类的词性转化等。在
语法填空和短文改错中，解答有关名词的题目时，一要
根据在句中所作的成分确定是否使用名词。名词在句中常用作主语、宾语、表语或定语等。二要根据名词前的数词、量词、冠词等修饰语的情况以及主谓一致原则来确定名词单复数。
(一)考点练悟(用所给词的适当形式填空)
It was late at night. Two 1.________ (German) were sleeping in their room when suddenly, one of them, Mrs. Green, was woken up and found a thief slipping into their room to try his luck. She had three thousand 2.______ (dollar) in her pocket. “What should I do? Many 3.______ (thief) usually bring 4.________ (knife) with them，”she thought in 5.________ (silent). After two 6.________ (minute) search, the thief happened to touch a sports suit. It seemed as if he found there was someone in the room, so he went out to the next room where two 7.________ (Frenchman) were sleeping. When he was looking for 8.________ (money) or some 9.________ (jewel) in the next room, Mrs. Green woke up her husband quickly and called the police. And then the thief knew what had happened. He was so scared that he took out a knife. Just then the police showed up. Before the thief ran away, the police caught him. For Mrs. Green, it was really an unusual 10.________ (experience)．答案：1.Germans 2.dollars 3.thieves 4.knives 5.silence 6.minutes'
7.Frenchmen8.money9.jewels/jewelry10.experience
(二)快捷技法
1．可数名词复数的规则变化：
(1)一般情况下在词尾直接加-s
(2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾的名词，在词尾加-es
(3)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，将y变为i，再加-es
(4)以元音字母加y结尾的名词，在词尾直接加-s
(5)以o结尾的名词，无生命的常在词尾加-s，如pianos, photos；有生命的在词尾加-es，如potatoes, heroes等
(6)以f或fe结尾的名词，多数变f或fe为v，再加-es。如knife→knives，leaf→leaves (如题3,4)；少数直接加-s，如roof→roofs, gulf→gulfs
2．可数名词复数的不规则变化：
(1)单复数同形的名词：sheep, deer, Chinese, Japanese, means (手段), works (工厂), series (系列)等
(2)复数形式有特殊变化的名词：
criterion标准→criteria mouse老鼠→mice
phenomenon现象→phenomena foot脚；英尺→feet
medium传播媒介→media child孩子→children
(一)考点练悟
下文中共有6处错误，每句中最多有一处。请找出并改正。
Recently, a famous basketball player has caused public angry by writing on the Great Wall. In fact, this happens in many place of interest. I have some suggestion to solve this problem.
First, make more poster to inform the public of the damage of graffiti (涂鸦). Besides, punishments, such as a fine, are necessary to tourists with such bad behavior. Also, I think it's helpful to put up some boards along the tourist attraction where tourists are permitted to leave messages.
I'm sure with our effort, more and more people will become concerned about protecting cultural relics.
答案：第一句：angry→anger
第二句：place→places
第三句：suggestion→suggestions
第四句：poster→posters
第六句：attraction→attractions
第七句：effort→efforts
(二)快捷技法
冠词是语法填空题的常考点，经常考查不定冠词a，an和定冠词the的基本用法和固定搭配。解答冠词
类题目时，首先需要明确设空处是表示特指还是泛指，如果是前者用the，后者则需要再判断用a还是an。短文改错中的冠词类题目，除了判断是表示特指还是泛指外，还需要注意单数可数名词前必须有冠词。同时对常见的固定搭配中的冠词也要熟练掌握。
(一)考点练悟(用冠词填空)
When I walked down 1.________ Third Avenue, as 2.______ rule, I used to look into the windows of 3.______ old shop that sold old and beautiful things. Since I often took my walk after the closing time, I cupped my hands against 4.________ windows to get 5.________ small look at the treasures inside.
Some things looked as if they had not been noticed for 6.________ long time, but I knew their beauty was still there beneath their own surface. I even thought they were 7.________ most beautiful that I had ever seen. That was how I felt about old people, too. I knew their value, and it hurt me when others missed it. I was raised by my grandmother and given 8.________ deep sense of the value of experience. Taught to behave well, my sister and I respected other people, regardless of their age or color. My grandmother was loved by all 9.________ people around her. She was known to be 10.________ wise and kind woman, who was able to do things well even in her last years.
Old people should be treated as fine gold. They may be gradually tarnished (失去光泽) by age, but they can be polished with respect. You might be surprised by their bright and shining qualities.
答案：1.the 2.a 3.an 4.the 5.a 6.a7.the8.a9.the10.a
(二)快捷技法
思考趋向——如何确定填冠词
如果空格后有名词(短语)而且二者搭配在一起表示泛指或特指含义，或者有序数词、最高级、表示特指意义的比较级等形式，那么空格处一般是填冠词。
解题规则——如何确定填什么冠词
1．不定冠词a/an的常考点
(1)表示泛指，相当于“a certain”。(如题3,6,10)
(2)表示类指，指某类中的“任何一个”。
(3)表示量指，但数的概念没有one强烈。
(4)表示“每”，相当于per，用于价格、速度、频率等表达中。
(5)考查固定搭配中的不定冠词。(如题2,6)
(6)和具有某些特征、状态或情感的抽象名词连用表示具体的概念。(如题5,8)
2．定冠词the的常考点
(1)特指某人或某物。(如题4,9)
(2)用于最高级或序数词前或由only, very, same等修饰的名词前。(如题1,7)
(3)和形容词、过去分词连用，表示一类人或事物。
(4)用在“逢十”的年代前，表示“在某世纪几十年代”。
(5)定冠词常用在一些固定搭配中。
(一)考点练悟
下文中共有8处错误，每句中最多有两处。请找出并改正。
Zhou Yan is the Senior Three student. Last week, he went to see doctor because his arms and fingers hurt. The doctor told him a fact that he had an “mobile phone disease”. Zhou sent messages to his friends with his mobile phone all time, even in bed. Zhou started to do badly in all a exams because he spent so much time on his mobile phone. He didn't stop using a mobile phone until his arms hurt. Yang Ling, who is a expert from a health center, said students should try to use their mobile phones less, especially at school.
答案：第一句：the→a
第二句：doctor前加a
第三句：a→the; an→a
第四句：all后加the
第五句：a→the
第六句：a→the
第七句：第一个a→an
(二)快捷技法
思考趋向
1．决定冠词对与错的关键在于它和后面的名词在意思上是否构成了一种正确的搭配关系，这种搭配在句中是否合情、合理、合“法”，这应该是思维的第一步。那么，是泛指还是特指就成为验证正确与否的重要标准。
2．如果在句中出现含有名词的短语或固定搭配时，一定要警惕冠词的多余或缺失。在固定搭配中，有的用不定冠词a/an，有的用定冠词the，而有的则不带任何冠词，如：in a hurry, as a result; on the contrary, in (the) charge of; at first, in fact等等，这些都需要我们平时加强记忆和积累。
解题规则
1．冠词的错用
(1)a和an的错用。元音音素前用an，辅音音素前用a。
(2)不定冠词和定冠词的错用。表示特指时用定冠词the；表示泛指时用不定冠词a(n)。注意固定搭配中冠词的使用情况。
2．冠词的缺失与多余
(1)单数可数名词前冠词的缺失。一般来说，单数可数名词前应有相应的冠词，表示泛指用a(n)，表示特指用the。
(2)冠词的多余。可数名词复数或不可数名词表示泛指意义时不用冠词。
除此之外，还要注意常用固定搭配中冠词的缺失与多余。
[课堂应用体验]
Ⅰ.语法填空
(2018·武汉调研)The energy that so many outsiders feel when they are in China comes not just from the hurrying footsteps that can __1__ (see) everywhere. It also comes from a sense that it is used for something bigger.
A few years ago, I interviewed Zhang Xin, a young man from a __2__ (deep) poor agricultural province in central China. His parents were wheat __3__ (farmer) and lived in a tiny one-room house next to the fields. He __4__ (graduate) from Tsinghua University and gotten a job as a software engineer at Huawei. His success, Zhang told me one day, had changed his family forever, __5__ (keep) his families away from hard labor forever. Not his parents. Not his children. That kind of life was over.
Multiply that young man's story by millions, __6__ you will get a sense that this once very backward society has become __7__ forward-looking country. A smart American who lived in China for years put it this way: “China is making a great effort to become __8__ it has not yet become. It is upwardly mobile, proudly so.”
Proudly so, because as Zhang understood, hard work today means a much __9__ (good) life decades from now for __10__ (he) later generations and the country.
语篇解读：本文是一篇说明文。作者通过采访一位出身贫苦、清华大学毕业的张先生，说明了知识能够改变命运、改变家庭。
1．be seen考查被动语态。that引导的是定语从句，修饰先行词footsteps，并且在从句中作主语；定语从句中主语与动词see之间是被动关系，所以要用被动语态；因空前为情态动词can，故填be seen。
2．deeply考查副词。空处修饰形容词poor，要用副词。deep作副词讲时意为“在深处，深深地”；deeply作副词讲时，意为“非常”，根据语境可知，此处应填deeply。
3．farmers考查名词复数。他的父母都是种植小麦的农民，根据语境可知空处应用名词；再根据空前的His parents were可知，空处应用名词复数。
4．had graduated考查动词时态。根据and之后的gotten可知，这里要用完成时；大学毕业的动作是在“interviewed”这个过去的动作之前发生的，所以要用过去完成时。
5．keeping考查非谓语动词。keep与主语His success之间是逻辑上的主动关系，故此处用现在分词短语作状语，对谓语动词had changed进行补充说明。
6．and考查连词。此处是“祈使句＋and＋陈述句”固定句型，故空处应填and。
7．a考查冠词。此处泛指一个国家，要用不定冠词，且forward-looking的发音以辅音音素开头，故用不定冠词a。
8．what考查名词性从句。空处引导表语从句，并在表语从句中作become的宾语，表示“什么”，所以要用what。
9．better考查形容词的比较级。根据空前的much，并结合语境可知，此处要用比较级。
10．his考查代词。空处作定语，修饰后面的名词later generations，所以要用形容词性物主代词。
Ⅱ.短文改错
(2018·贵阳监测)There was a farmer who sell a pound of butter to a baker. One day the baker decided to weigh the butter to see that he was getting a pound and he was found that he was not. This angered him and he took the farmer from court. The judge asked farmer if he was using any measure. The farmer replied, “Your Honor, I am innocently. I don't have a proper measure, and I do have a scale (秤)．” The judge asked, “Then how do you weigh the butter？”The farmer replied, “Your Honor, long before the baker started buying butter from me, I have been buying a pound of breads from him.Every day when the baker brings the bread, I put it on the scale and give her the same weight of butter. If anyone was to blame, it is the baker.”
答案：第一句：sell→sold
第二句：that→if/whether; 去掉第二个was
第三句：from→to
第四句：asked后加the
第五句：innocently→innocent 第六句：and→but
第八句：breads→bread
第九句：her→him
第十句：was→is
2019年全国I卷英语 高考真题
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum. 2. What does Jack want to do?
A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleagues. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket. B. She is looking for the man. C. She has an extra ticket. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分） 听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。 6. How long did James run his business? A. 10 years. B. 13 years. C. 15 years. 7. How does the woman feel about James’ situation? A. Embarrassed. B. Concerned. C. Disappointed. 听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。 8. What has Kate’s mother decided to do? A. Return to school. B. Change her job. C. Retire from work. 9. What did Kate’s mother study at college?
2019高考英语二轮阅读理解精选（01）及解析 A (·湖北卷，A) Honesty，mymumalwaysusedtotellme，isthebestpolicy.Ofcourse，thisdidn'tincludeherwhenshetoldmethatifIdidn'teatallmyvegetablesFatherChristmas wouldfindoutandwouldn'tgivemeanypresents. Butwhenitcomestomedicine，Ihadassumeditwasimportanttoalwaysbehonestwithmypatients.Afterall，thedoctor-patientrelationshipisbasedontrust，andthereforehonestyisessential.OrsoIthought. Ihadjuststartedworkingingeriatrics(老年病科)、Mr.McMahonwasbroughtinwhenhisbellywasfoundveryswollen.Itookamedicalhistoryfromh isdaughterwho'daccompaniedhimintheambulance.She'dbeenhismaincarerforyears.Istoo dlookingathimasshegaveadetailedhistory.“Hashelostanyweightrecently？”Iasked，“Well，it'sfunnyyoushouldmentionthat，butyes，”shesaidslowly.Therewassilenceforafewmoments.“Why?Whatareyouworriedabout？”sheasked，Ihesitated.ShewasobviouslyveryinvolvedinhiscareanditwasonlyfairthatItoldherthet ruth.“Well，weneedtoproveit'snotcancer.”IsaidandtalkedbrieflyaboutsomeofthetestsIwasgoingtoorder. Halfanhourlater，anursecalledme:“Mr.McMahon'sdaughterbrokedown—shesaidyoutoldherhehadcancer.”Myheartsank.BythetimeIarrivedattheward，myconsultantwasalreadythere，explainingthatwestillhadtorunlotsoftestsandthatitwasbynomeansconfirmedthathehad cancer.Istoodsilentlyattheendofthebed.Myconsultantwasobviouslyangrywithmeandasw eleftMr.McMahon，sheturnedtome.“Whyonearthdidyoudothat？”sheaskedindisbelief.Ilookedatherandbitmylip.“SheaskedmewhatIwasworriedaboutandItoldher.”Isaid，hanging_my_head.“Andgivehermoretoworryabout？”repliedmyconsultant.“Youdon'tsaytheword‘cancer’untilit'sconfirmed.Evenifyoususpectit，thinkverycarefullybeforeyoutellpeople.” Asitturnedout，itwasn'tcancer.ButIdidlearnthatwhensomeoneisstressedandworriedabouttheirlovedon ethey'resometimesselectiveinwhattheyhear—andasadoctorit'simportanttobemindfulofthis.Inbeingtruthful，I'dmadethesituationworse. 原本在一位医生的心目中，诚实是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行诚实本分的处世原那么。可是因为一次说了不够确切的实话，却让一位病人受到了打击，这件事让这位医生得出了一个结论：诚实有时候也会出错。 1、Thepurposeofthefirsttwoparagraphsistoshowthattheauthor________. A、misunderstoodthedoctor-patientrelationship B、wasanxioustoreceiveChristmasgifts C、regardedhonestyasthebestpolicy D、hadanunhealthyeatinghabit 答案：C。作者意图题。从两个段落的第一句话，字里行间“thebest”“important”都透露出作者对于honesty的看法。 2、Theauthor'sconsultantwasangrywithhimbecause________. A、hetoldthedaughterwhathesuspected B、hedelayedrunningthenecessarytests C、hefailedtoconfirmthepatient'sdisease D、heforgotwhattheconsultanthadadvised
徐老师 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷1） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1. Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C. In a museum. 2. What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3. What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4. What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5. Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? 第1页
2019年高考英语阅读理解专题复习10篇(名师精选真题实战训练+详细解题过程，值得下载练习) [一] As cultural symbols go, the American car is quite young. The Model T Ford was built at the Piquette Plant in Michigan a century ago, with the first rolling off the assembly line(装配线) on September 27,1908.Only eleven cars were produced the next month. But eventually Henry Ford would build fifteen million of them. Modern America was born on the road, behind a wheel. The car shaped some of the most lasting aspects o f American culture: the roadside diner, the billboard, the motel, even the hamburger. For most of the last century, the car represented what it meant to be American—going forward at high speed to find new worlds. The road novel, the road movie, these are the most typical American ideas, born of abundant petrol, cheap cars and a never-ending interstate highway system, the largest public works project in history. pot and In 1928 Herbert Hoover imagined an America with“ a chicken in every a car in every garage.” Since then, this society has moved onward, never looking back, as the car transformed America from a farm-based society into an industrial power. The cars that drove the American Dream have helped to create a global ecological disaster. In America the demand for oil has grown by 22 percent since 1990. The problems of excessive(过度的)energy consumption, climate change and population growth have been described in a book by the American writer Thomas L.Friedman. He fears the worst, but hopes for the best. Friedman points out that the green economy(经济)is a chance to keep American The ability to design, build and export green technologies for producing strength.“ clean water, clean air and healthy and abundant food is going to be the currency of power in the new century.”
注意事项： 1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2. 回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。女口需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3 ?考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题 1.5分，满分7.5 分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的例: How much is the shirt? 答案是C o 2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷II ) A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有 读一遍。 10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅A. ￡9.15. B. 9.18. C. 9.15.
ary. e woman feel now? B. In a bookstore. d. B. Excited. ill the man pay? he man tell Jane to do? B. $80. ne his appointment. B. Meet Mr. Douglas. David quit his job? ack to school. B. To start his own firm. 小题；每小题 1.5分，满分22.5 分） 5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。 ，回答第6、7题。 he man want the woman to do? C. In a classro om. C. Tired. C. $100. C. Return at 3 o ' clock C. To work for his friend. A、B、C三个选 5秒钟；听完 he cupboard. B. Clean the balcony. probable relationship between the speakers? nd and wife. C. Buy an umbrella. er and employee. ssistant and customer. ，回答第8至10题。 e woman go at the weekend? y centre. B. The forest park. C. The man s home. 1. Where does the conversation probably take place?
高考七选五专题训练 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 一 I started working at Pizza Hut in December 1989, when I was a freshman in high school. All new employees started by washing dishes and busing tables. If they proved their ability, they learned to make pizzas, cut and serve them on wooden paddles and take orders. 1 I couldn’t keep up, and piles of dishes formed on all sides of me. Every time the pile decreased, the call came back to help clear tables out front, and I returned with more dirty dishes. My shift (轮班) was supposed to end at 9 p.m., but when I asked to leave, the manager, Jeff, shook his head. “Not until the work is done,”he said. “You leave a clean station. 2 However, I worked until after 10 that night. I stayed on dish duty for weeks. My heart sank every time I arrived at work and saw my name written next to “dishes” on the position chart. I spent my shifts behind those steel sinks. I hated every minute I spent on dish duty. 3 One slow mid-week night, when I managed to catch up on dishes and clean out the sinks early, I asked Jeff when I could do something different. “Do you know why you’re still doing dishes?”he asked. “Because you keep complaining about it.” 4 But, he promised, if I continued to leave a clean station and not complain, next week he would put me on the “make table,” where pizzas were put together before being put into the oven. A few days later, when I reported for my after-school shift, I saw my name penciled not in the “dishes” box but in the “make table” box. 5 A. I was excited. B. Some write on a chalkboard. C. I was angry and thought about quitting. D. Nobody likes to work with a complainer, he said. E. And I wasn’t afraid to let everyone around me know it. F. On my first night, the dishes piled up after the dinner rush. G. The people who make a difference in your life come in all types.
2019高考英语黄冈中学二轮练习资料：阅读表达（解析） (一) (2017·天津卷) In college，Spring Break (春假) is usually associated with the beach，parties and sleepless nights，bringing about relaxation，free time and friends. Students who wish to spend their break doing something productive and rewarding，however，may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program.It places college students in communities both at home and abroad. The Program allows students to take part in various projects dealing with issues such as literacy (识字) ，homelessness and the environment.It includes helping kids with their lessons，raising money for families in need and collecting data for environmental research. The hope is that，by getting themsevles involved in different environments，students will have the opportunity to learn about members of communities and broaden their view.In turn，they will incorporate(融合) their experiences and lessons learned into their own communities.In a word, the Program aims to encourage students to be active citizens and engage themselves in making a difference in society. In the spring of 2006，about 36,000 students in the USA participated in the Alternative Break Program. Samantha Giacobozzi，now director of the Program，has been on five alternative break trips herself，including trips to New Orleans，India and the Dominican Republic.“I was a student who went on alternative break trips and had my life totally transformed by that experience，” she said. “Every year, we meet many students who have attended the Program. You can see changes in their life that are connected with their alternative break experiences.” The Program began in 1991.Today，it has become increasingly popular with college students in the United States. 1．Who may choose to participate in the Alternative Break Program？(No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 2．What is the aim of the Program？(No more than 15 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 3．What is the meaning of the underli ned word“transformed” in Paragraph 5？(1 word) ________________________________________________________________________ 4．What is Samantha's attitude toward the Program？(No more than 10 words) ________________________________________________________________________ 5．If you take part in the Program，which project are you interested in？And why？(No more
2019年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国卷I） 英语 注意事项： 1．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。 2．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。 3．考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。 第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分） 做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。 第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分） 听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 例：How much is the shirt? A. ￡19.15. B. ￡9.18. C. ￡9.15. 答案是C。 1.Where does this conversation take place? A. In a classroom. B. In a hospital. C.In a museum. 2.What does Jack want to do? A. Take fitness classes. B. Buy a pair of gym shoes. C. Change his work schedule. 3.What are the speakers talking about? A. What to drink. B. Where to meet. C. When to leave. 4.What is the relationship between the speakers? A. Colleges. B. Classmates. C. Strangers. 5.Why is Emily mentioned in the conversation? A. She might want a ticket.
（现代科技） 李仕才 【话题导读】灯柱伞是一种有雨水感应伞的灯柱，这样人们在忘记带雨伞时就不会挨淋了。 Lampbrella You can’t always predict a heavy rain or remember your umbrella. ①But designer Mikhail Belvacv doesn’t t hink that forgetting to check the weather forecast before heading out should result in you getting wet. That’s why he created lampbrella, a lamp post with its own rain sensing umbrella. The designer says he ②come up with the idea after watching people get wet on streets in Russia. “Once, I was driving on a central Saint Petersburg street ad saw the street lamps ③lighting up people trying to hide from the rain. I thought it would be appropriate to have a canopy built into a street lamp.” he said. The lampbrella is a standard-looking street lamp fitted with an umbrella canopy. It has a built-in electric motor which can open or close the umbrella ④on demand. Sensors then ensure that the umbrella offers p edestrians shelter whenever it starts raining. ⑤In addition to the rain sensor, there’s also a 360° motion sensor on the fiberglass street lamp which detects whether anyone’s using the lampbrella. After three minutes of not being used the canopy is closed. According to the designer, the lampbrella would move at a relatively low speed, so as not to cause harm to the pedestrians. Besides, it would be grounded to protect from possible lighting strike. Each lampbrella would offer enough shelter for several people. Being installed at 2 meters off the ground, it would only be a danger for the tallest of pedestrians. While there are no plans to take lampbrella into production, Belyacv says he recently introduced his creation one Moscow Department, and insists this creation could be installed on my street where a lot of people walk but there are no canopies to provide shelter. 灯柱伞 你不会每次都预测到大雨到来或者记得带上雨伞。但设计师Mikhail Belvacv认为出门前忘记看天气预报不应该导致你淋湿。这就是他创造灯柱伞的原因，一种有雨水感应伞的灯柱。
2019年高考英语第一轮复习资料（简析）
2019年高考英语第一轮复习资料（简析） 听力（20min) 要求：按照考试要求模拟训练，每天20分钟。 材料来源为试题、练习、听力资源等，可重复听录音，不懂的 地方对照听力材料重新听。 一、高考听力测试题的特点 1.高考英语听力测试约需20分钟左右，共20个小题，计分30分。设问全部是特殊疑问句，几乎涵盖了所有的疑问类型，如：what , who, when, where, why, how, what time, how many,how much, how long, how old, how soon, how often 等，选项为“3选1”。 2.听力测试共分两节： 第一节是听五段简短对话，每段对话后仅有一个选择题，每段对话仅读一遍。主要考查考生对语音、数字（时间、日期、号码、价格等）、字母、句子结构及句意等的快速反应能力和理解能力。 第二节包括5段对话或独白，共15小题，每段材料播放两遍。主要考查考生对较长对话或短文的整体理解和把握能力，及对细节的归纳综合能力和判断推理能力等。 3.测试的话题和材料涉及到现实生活的方方面面，如日常生活、文化教育、传说、时事、人物、科普等。对话一般围绕一个日常生活的话题展开。如：购物、买票、道别、感谢、打电话、约会、偏爱、祝愿和祝贺、提供帮助、请求、问路、看病、求救等。 二、高考听力测试的应试技巧 1.培养良好心态 1）消除紧张心理。听力测试时，要做到心情平静，心态放松，精力集中。如果感到测试前心情比较紧张，做几次深呼吸，可有效缓解紧张情绪。 2）克服急躁心理。注重听材料大意，而不是专注于听个别单词。有个别词没听懂，不要停下来去思索，注意后文录音。 2.学会预测话题 考生可以根据每个小题的问题及选项的提示来预测和推测录音材料的内容。从而做到心中有数，提前做好心理准备，获得主动。 3.合理分配注意力 掌握下列技巧：1）学会听前抢读；2）学会边听边记；3）学会听关键词。 4.拓宽背景知识 听力材料必定涉及科普知识和社会文化知识。广泛地阅读和收集各种信息，
2019高考英语阅读理解专题选编（12） 李仕才 A In 1959, when Jean Harper was in the third grade, her teacher gave the class an assignment to write a report on what they wanted to be when they grew up. Jean’s father was a crop dusting pilot in the little farming community in N orthern California where she was raised, and Jean was very interested in airplanes and flying. She poured her heart into her report and included all of her dreams. She wanted to be a crop dusting pilot, make parachute jumps(跳伞), and be an airline pilot. Her paper came back with an "F" on it. The teacher told her it was a "fairy tale" and that none of the occupations she listed were women’s jobs. Jean was devastated and humiliated. One day in her senior year of high school, her English teacher Mrs Dorothy Slaton gave the class an assignment. "If you had unlimited money, unlimited access to the finest schools, and unlimited talents and abilities, what would you do?" Jean felt a rush of her old enthusiasm, and with excitement she wrote down all her old dreams. The teacher leaned forward over her desk and said, "You do have unlimited abilities and talents. When you leave school, if you don’t go for your dreams, no one will do it for you. You can have what you want if you want it enough." The hurt and fear of years of discouragement went away because of what Mrs Slaton had said. Jean felt excited and a little scared. She stayed after class and went up to the teacher’s desk. Jean thanked Mrs Slaton and told her about her dream of becoming a pilot. Mrs Slaton half rose and slapped the desk top. "Then do it!" she said. So Jean did. It didn’t happen overnight. It took her 10 years of hard work. It wasn’t in Jean’s nature to stand up for herself when someone refused or humiliated her. Instead, she would quietly try to find another way. She became a private pilot and then flew planes as a co-pilot (副驾驶员). In 1978, she became one of the first three female pilot trainees ever accepted by United Airlines and one of the only 50 women airline pilots in the nation at that time. Some years later, Jean Harper became a Boeing 737 captain for United Airlines. 1.When Jean Harper was in the third grade, _________.
1.学生了解高考中名词的考查方向:可数/不可数;名词单复数;词形转换及所有格 2.学生识记常见的不可数名词 3.学生掌握名词变复数的基本规则及常见不规则变化名词 4.学生能熟练转换词形 Teaching emphasis and difficulties: 1.易考的不可数名词。 2.名词的单复数变化及其特例。 3.名词词性变化。 Teaching procedures: Part 1 感知高考 1.Finish the following exercises: (2018全国卷1)a mere five to ten minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all __________ (cause) (2017 全国卷1) This trend ...has had some unintended side __________ (effect）such as overweight and heart disease. (2018全国卷1)They had a big separate house to raise dozens of chicken. (2017 全国卷1) The instructor kept repeating the word “ speed up !” “ slow down!” 2.Present learning goals. Part 2 考点剖析 考点一：常见的不可数名词 1.advice 2.equipment 3.baggage/luggage 4. work(工作) 5. homework 6.housework 7.furniture 8. poetry诗歌总称 9.air 10. water 11.hair 12.knowledge https://www.doczj.com/doc/4b4911207.html,rmation 14.money 15.news 16.progress 17.traffic 18.music 19.weather 20.permission 21.behavior Exercises:单句改错 (16.全国II) If we go on a trip abroad we can broaden our view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. (16.四川) Mom has a full-time job but she has to do most of the houseworks. (15.全国I) The airs we breathe in is getting dirtier and dirtier