散文翻译Translation of essays
什么是散文？
广义而言,凡是不属于韵文的文章都可称为散文。西方人甚至把小说也包括在散文之内;我国有些现代叙事性文章名为散文,但称之为小说也无不可。不过,严格说来,我们说的散文应相当于西方的Essay,与诗歌（poem)、小说(novel)、戏剧(drama)并起并坐,文字一般都比较短小精炼,如随笔、小品文、杂感、游记、日记、书信、回忆录、通讯报道等等。
英汉散文的特点
散文是一种最灵活、最自由的文体。它篇幅短小、题材广泛；结构散而不乱，形式灵活；散文的语言充分体现了汉语多辞藻华美，或文意浓郁，文采飞扬的特点；然而英语则措辞简洁、文意客观、文采朴素。英汉语言的天然差异给散文的翻译带来很大的困难，散文的翻译不能机械地直译。
散文翻译的特点
散文的特点决定了散文的翻译必须是灵活地将“形”与“神”统一。许渊冲在谈到文学翻译时说：“文学翻译不单是译词，还要译意：不单要译意，还要译味。”，并形象地用数学公式表达为：“译词：1+1=1（形似），译意：1+1=2（意似），译味：1+1=3（神似）”。
所谓“译味”，是指译者要注意作者的语言风格。下笔翻译之前先辨别文章的文体色彩，熟悉不同文体的语言风格；更重要的是，要善于运用译入语中不同文体的语言风格来再现原文的语言风格，使译文与原文的文体色彩相符合，达到形式与功能的对等。
注意汉英散文翻译中的民俗文化误译
他是趟着雾走的,步子很飘,他背着花篓,篓里装着粮食,鼓的。”(《家乡》)
译文: He went off walking on air, his steps fairly flew. On his back he lugged an embroidered basket，in the basket bags of grain-bulging-ones stood at attention.“花篓”翻译成“embroidered basket”是不恰当的。“embroider”的意思是“刺绣”，翻译成诸如“basket with patterns”之类的形式才正确。
朱自清《背影》英译例谈
《背影》是朱自清的早期散文作品。作者使用提炼的口语，文笔秀丽、细腻缜密，读来有一种亲切委婉、娓娓动听的感觉。
张培基先生的英译《背影》以保持原作的口语风格为要，遣词造句通俗简洁，朴实无华，最大限度地再现了原文信息，达到了与原文极其相似的功能。
词汇层面：理解到位，用词准确、简单、通俗
（1）那年冬天，祖母死了，父亲的差使也交卸了,……
译文：In the winter of two years ago, grandma died and father lost his job. …（2）……一半为了丧事，一半为了赋闲。
译文：Between grandma’s funeral and father’s unemployment, …
（3）父亲因为事忙，本已说定不送我，叫旅馆里一个熟识的茶房陪我同去。
译文：Father said he was too busy to go and see me off at the railway station, but would ask a hotel waiter that he knew to accompany me there instead.
（4）行李太多了，得向脚夫行些小费，才可过去。他便又忙着和他们讲价钱。
译文：
There was quite a bit of luggage and he had to bargain with the porter over the fee.
（5）大约大去之期不远矣。
译文：Perhaps it won’t be long now before I depart this life.
（6）他走了几步,回过头看见我,说,“进去吧,里边没人。”
译文：…he looked back at me and said, “Go back to your seat. Don’t leave your things alone.”
（7）他用两手攀着上面,两脚再向上缩;他肥胖的身子向左微倾。……过铁道时,他先将橘子散放在地上,自己慢慢爬下,再抱起橘子走。
译文：His hands held onto the upper part of the platform, his legs huddles up and his corpulent body tipped slightly towards the left, …In crossing the railway track, he first put the tangerines on the ground, climbed down slowly and then picked them up again.
（8）父亲说: “事已如此，不必难过，好在天无绝人之路! ”
译文：Now that things’ve come to such a pass, it’s no use crying. Fortunately, Heaven always leaves one a way out. (come to a pretty/sorry pass: 处境糟糕）（9）他只说,“不要紧,他们去不好”。
译文：
But he only said, “Never mind! It won’t do to trust guys like those hotel boys! ”
句法层面：句子短小精悍,结构简单
1）他望车外看了看,说,“我买几个橘子去。你就在此地,不要走动。”
译文：But he looked out of the window and said,“I’m going to buy you some tangerines. You just stay here. Don’t move around.”
（2）……于是扑扑衣上的泥土,心里很轻松似的,过一会说,“我走了;到那边来信! ”
译文：…he looked somewhat relieved and said after a while, “I must be going now. Don’t forget to write me from Beijing! ”
（3）他嘱咐我路上小心，夜里要警惕些，不要受凉。
译文：He told me to be watchful on the way and be careful not to catch cold at night.
（4）他再三嘱咐茶房，甚是仔细。但他终于不放心，怕茶房不妥帖，颇踌躇了一会。
译文：
He urged the waiter again and again to take good care of me, but still did not quite trust him.
（5）我与父亲不相见已二年余了，我最不能忘记的是他的背影。
译文：It is more than two years since I last saw father, and what I can never forget is the sight of his back.
关照英文形合（hypotaxis)巧作变动
（6）到南京时，有朋友约去游逛，勾留了一日。
译文：I spent the first day in Nanjing strolling
about with some friends at their invitation.
（7）那年冬天，祖母死了，父亲的差使也交卸了,正是祸不单行的日子，我从北京到徐州，打算跟着父亲奔丧回家。
译文：
Misfortunes never come singly. In the winter of two years ago, grandma died and father lost his job. I left Beijing for Xuzhou to join father in hastening home to attend grandma’s funeral.
（8）信中说道,“我身体平安,唯膀子疼痛利害,举箸提笔,诸多不便,大约大去之期不远矣。”译文：“I’m all right except for a severe pain in my arm. I even have trouble using chopsticks or writing brushes. Perhaps it won’t be long now before I depart this life.”
语篇层面：语篇连贯，忠实原文
作者对自己“落泪”的描写
（1）到徐州见着父亲，看见满院狼藉的东西，又想起祖母，不禁簌簌地流下眼泪。
（2）这时我看见他的背影，我的眼泪很快地流下来了。
（3）我便进来坐下，我的眼泪又来了。
（4）我读到此处，在晶莹的泪光中，……
译文如下：
（1）…Tears tickling down my cheeks
（2）Tears gushed from my eyes.
（3）My eyes were again wet with tears.
（4）The glistening tears …
对比原文和译文，我们可以发现译文很好地再现了原文有关于“落泪”的描写。四句中的“tears”很好地把整篇文章中作者对父亲的爱串起来，前后衔接连贯。
回译练习(张培基译三毛作品
I hope to remain with my parents and Hexi in their lifetime and be the last to pass away. It would make me turn in my grave if I should be the first to die, thus leaving them with perpetual sorrow. My concern for them is as deep as my love for them. Therefore, I have no choice but to be a temporary surviving bird. Though I can’t fly any more, having lost all my feathers due to Hexi’s death, my broken heart is still treasured by my parents. They just won’t let me die despite my spiritual agony and wound. And nor can I bear to lose them.The day will surely come when six loving open arms on the other golden bank will welcome me to eternity. Then, and only then will I rush forward with a smile.
三毛原文（散文《不死鸟》节选）
我愿意在父亲、母亲及荷西的生命圆环里，做最后离世的一个；如果我先去了，而将永远的哀伤留给世上的他们，那么是死不瞑目的，因为我的爱有多深，我的牵挂便有多长。
所以，我几乎没有选择地做了暂时的不死鸟，我的羽毛虽然因为荷西的先去，已经完全脱落，无力再飞，可是那颗碎掉的心，仍是父母的珍宝。再痛、再伤，他们也不肯我死去，我也不忍放掉他们啊。
总有那么一天，在金色的彼岸，会有六只爱的手臂张开了在迎我进入永生，那时，我方肯含笑狂奔而去了。
散文翻译Sweet September Sweet September By Hal Borlnd 甜美的九月 September is more than a month, really; it is a season, an achievement in itself. It begins with August's leftovers and it ends with October's preparations, but along t he way it achieves special satisfactions. After summer's heat and haste, the year co nsolidates itself. Deliberate September-in its own time and tempo---begins to sum u p another summer. 真的，九月不仅仅是一个月份，它还是一个季节，一份成就。它始于八月的余热，终于十月繁忙的预备。但在这之间，它带来了异常的惊喜与满足。熬过夏季的躁热，这年就平静下来。九月，伴着它的时令，踩着它的节拍，翩然而至，宣告夏季的结束。 With September comes a sense of autumn. It creeps in on a misty dawn and vanis hes in the hot afternoon. It tiptoes through the treetops, rouging a few leaves, the n rides a tuft of thistledown across the valley and away. It sits on a hilltop and ho ots like an October owl in the dusk. It plays tag with the wind. September is a cha llenging busy as a squirrel in a hickory tree, idle as a languid brook. It is summer's ripeness and richness fulfilled. 九月悄然给我们捎来了一丝秋意。它无声无息地浸入雾蒙蒙的清晨，又在阳光煦暖的午后没了踪影；它蹑手蹑脚地跨过树梢，擦过些许叶子，又轻踏一簇毛蓟绕过山谷而去。它时而独栖山顶，像十月黄昏中猫头鹰的鸣叫；时而又同微风嬉戏；时而如山核树上的松鼠，忙得不亦乐乎；时而如慵懒的小溪，汩汩流淌。夏季的成熟与丰饶成就了甜美的九月。 Some of the rarest days of the year come in the September season-days when it is comfortably cold but pulsing with life, when the sky is clear and clean, the air cris p, the wind free of dust. Meadows still smell of hay and the sweetness of cut gras s. September flowers are less varied than those of May but so abundant that they make September another flowery month. Goldenrod comes by mid-August, but rises to a peak of golden abundance in early September. Late thistles make spectacular purple accents. And asters blossom everywhere, along the roadsides, in meadows, o n the hilltops, even in city lots, raging in color from pure white through all degrees of lavender to the royal New England purple. 九月给我们带来了一年中最难得的时光：晴空万里，秋高气爽，清风徐来，一尘不染，生命
竭诚为您提供优质文档/双击可除 散文译文赏析 篇一：散文诗名篇赏析《Youth青春》中英文 经典英语名篇文章：青春 作者：samuelullman 青春不是年华，而是心境；青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志、宏伟的想象、炽热的感情；青春是生命的深泉在涌流。 经典英语文章《青春》背后的故事： 太平洋战争打得正酣之时，麦克阿瑟将军常常从繁忙中抬起头，注视着挂在墙上的镜框，镜框里是篇文章，名为《青春》。这篇文章一直伴随着他，也跟着他到了日本。后来，日本人在东京的美军总部发现了它，《青春》便开始在日本流传。 一位资深的日本问题观察家说，在日本实业界，只要有成就者，没有哪一个不熟知不应用这篇美文的，就连松下电器的创始人松下幸之助几十年来也把《青春》当作他的座右铭。
还有这么一件趣事，足以证明《青春》在日本的魅力。一天，美国影片销售协会主席罗森菲尔德参加日本实业界的聚会，晚宴之前的谈话，他随意说了一句：“《青春》的作者，便是我的祖父。”在座的各位实业界领袖大为惊讶，其中有一位一边激动地说“我一直随身带着它呢”，一边从口袋里掏出了《青春》。 Youthisnotatimeoflife;itisastateof mind.Itisnotamatterofrosycheeks,redlips andsuppleknees.Itisamatterofthewill,a qualityoftheimagination,vigorofthe emotions;itisthefreshnessofthedeepspring oflife. Youthmeansatemperamental predominanceofcourageovertimidity,ofthe appetiteforadventureovertheloveofease. Thisoftenexitsinamanof60,morethana boyof20.nobodygrowsmerelybythe numberofyears;wegrowoldbydeserting ourideas.Yearsmaywrinkletheskin,butto giveupenthusiasmwrinklesthesoul.worry, fear,self-distrust1bowstheheartandturns thespiritbacktodust.青春不是年华，而是心境；青春
一、翻译散文的要领： 第一、准确把握原文的内容和风格。朴实无华有口语化倾向，典雅华丽浪漫抒情，还是修辞多样形式工整？ 第二、在语言、句式、结构、修辞等方面忠实地重现原文的内容与风格。 二、现代散文特点 通过对现实生活中某些片断或生活事件的描述，表达作者的观点、感情，并揭示其社会意义，它可以在真人真事的基础上加工创造；不一定具有完整的故事情节和人物形象，而是着重于表现作者对生活的感受，具有选材、构思的灵活性和较强的抒情性，散文中的“我”通常是作者自己；语言不受韵律的限制，表达方式多样，可将叙述、议论、抒情、描写融为一体，也可以有所侧重；根据内容和主题的需要，可以像小说那样，通过对典型性的细节欲生活片段，作形象描写、心理刻画、环境渲染、气氛烘托等，也可像诗歌那样运用象征等艺术手法，创设一定的艺术意境。 三、要素 第一、所谓优美，就是指散文的语言清新明丽(也美丽)，生动活泼，富于音乐感，行文如涓涓流水，叮咚有声，如娓娓而谈，情真意切。 第二、所谓凝练，是说散文的语言简洁质朴，自然流畅，寥寥数语就可以描绘出生动的形象，勾勒出动人的场景，显示出深远的意境。散文力求写景如在眼前，写情沁人心脾。 四、在《英译中国现代散文选》中，翻译家张培基先生保存散文风格方面的技巧值得学 习：句子短小、精悍，结构简单；用词简单、明了；修辞处理合理，力求通俗易懂； 语言逻辑关系清晰；对文化因素处理得体，读者对译文无理解障碍。以上技巧的合理运用，翻译工作者可以此为鉴。 五、散文翻译原则： 1、文气贯通,气韵生动 英国散文翻译家Hilaire Belloc 为文学散文翻译制定了6 条原则，认为翻译的本质是异地之魂假借本地之躯的复活(the essence of translating is the resurrection of an alien thing in a native body) ,强调散文的翻译不能拘泥于原文之字句,要视段落或部分为整体。翻译要“以意译意( translate intention by intention) ”,以意译意”与林语堂提倡的翻译要“翻译要遵循行文之心理”是高度一致的,这样可以摆脱原文字句的束缚,有利于发挥译入语的优势。 2、传神写照———“意,气,文”三位一体 在散文翻译中,我们要想译得曲尽其妙,须得传神地摹写作者的气质神韵。每一个作者有每一个的个性特点、气质精神,着手翻译之前,要先对作者进行深入的研究,把握其时代背景、人生经历、创作风格等,这样的翻译方能做到传神达意,否则,难免貌合神离 3、文学翻译非文字翻译 讲求整体效果，即“神韵”。有些表面忠实的译文，失去了散文的文采，文雅，便失去了自身的价值，终究是失败的译文。 六、从篇章翻译看散文翻译 1、标题的翻译技巧 眼睛对于人来说, 是他们心灵的窗户; 而标题对于一篇文章来说, 就是它的眼睛。标题凌驾于篇章之上, 却植根于篇章之中。在翻译时必须牢记: 一是真正看懂全文之后再决定译名; 二是译出的标题必须符合通用的翻译标准: 忠实、通顺、有美感。在翻译标题 时, 译者充分考虑了两种语言的不同习惯和不同的文化、社会背景, 注重准确选词、增词、结构转换和结合上下文语境的理解来完成。
Person of the Year(Nancy Gibbs) Sept.11 delivered both a shock and a surprise---the attack, and our response to it----and we can argue forever over which mattered more. There has been so much talk of the goodness that erupted that day that we forget how unprepared we were for it. We did not expect much from a generation that had spent its middle age examining all the ways it failed to measure up to the one that had come before—all fat, no muscle, less a beacon to the world than a bully, drunk on blessings taken for granted. It was tempting to say that Sept. 11 changed all that, just as it is tempting to say that every hero needs a villain, and goodness needs evil as its grinding stone. But try looking a widow in the eye and talking about all the good that has come of this. It may not be a coincidence, but neither is it a partnership: good does not need evil, we owe no debt to demons, and the attack did not make us better.It was an occasion to discover what we already were. “Maybe the purpose of all this,” New York City Mayor Rudy Giuliani said at a funeral for a friend, “is to find out if America today is as strong as when we fought for our independence or when we fought for ourselves as a Union to end slavery or as strong as our fathers and grandfathers who fought to rid the world of Nazism.” The terrorists, he argues, were counting on our cowardice. They’ve learned a lot about us since then. And so have we. For leading that lesson, for having more faith in us than we had in ourselves, for being brave when required and rude where appropriate and tender without being trite, for not sleeping and not quitting and not shrinking from the pain all around him, Rudy Giuliani, Mayor of the World, is TIME’s 2001 Person of the Year.(From Time, December 31, 2001)
Friends or 'Enemies?' When I was younger, my Dad used to tell me: "Boys don't want to be your friend." He then left the rest to my imagination. At the time, I didn't agree. I thought: I can crack a good joke, I know how to shoot a hoop, and I'm a cheerful person (but not in an annoying way). What kind of boy wouldn't want to be around that kind of girl? Turns out, my Dad was right. Not to be all "Samantha Brick" about it, but in my experience, single, heterosexual men aren't actively looking for an exclusively platonic relationship with a woman they find sexually attractive. This of course is not a revolutionary concept. In fact, it seems pretty natural to me. Now, I will be the first to say that it is really and truly the most wonderful thing in the world if the attraction is mutual. But the Powers That Be seem to like to play these complicated little mating games with humans where the guy we want to re-enact scenes from 9? Weeks with sees our attractiveness level as akin to that of a discarded dishcloth, and the most physical we could see ourselves being with the guy who actually likes us is a game of ping pong over an especially long table. All of which means that someone usually ends up getting rejected. I'm sure I'm not alone when I say I have struggled with the scenario where I am not interested in a man romantically, but I want to keep him as a friend because he is funny and I enjoy his company, or he has shown himself to be that rare specimen known as "a nice, genuine person, " or he simply doesn't mention his therapist in every other sentence. Rather than string him along and give him hope, I feel compelled to somehow communicate to him sooner rather than later that we'll just be staying friends, nothing more. Otherwise, I think I am being unfair to him. Why should he waste his romantic stamina on me when there are loads of other single women out there who might fall instantly in love with him? The thing is, it can sometimes be tricky to reject a man and keep him as a friend. If the operation is not executed carefully, you may end up creating a "menemy." It requires a certain amount of skill to be able to turn down a man's sexual advances or romantic gestures and then get him to agree to meet you for blueberry pancakes the following weekend and chat about the latest Woody Allen film. Some men aren't satisfied with just that. I'm not clear why. What's so bad about friendship? Everyone needs buddies. But I've seen men react poorly or simply fall off the face of the earth. I get it -- their feelings are hurt. None of us likes getting rejected. But in my experience, some men find it especially soul-crushing. I am only bringing all of this up because I recently had to go through this scenario again. I had spent some time cultivating a friendship with a man who, in my defense, I thought was gay. So I didn't see the harm in him buying me the occasional falafel, or accepting an invitation to see a film with him. Isn't that what friends are for? But a mutual friend shed light on his sexual orientation (straight) and suggested that his intentions -- and attentions -- weren't platonic. He had never "made the moves" but now it was all crystal clear -- that explains the way he had looked at me that time the tahini sauce dribbled down my chin! Since he had clearly been too timid to express his feelings, I thought I would be clever this time and subtly mention the dates I had been going on, focusing on the one guy I was kind of keen on, so that he would know that I was "unavailable" for heavy petting and those sorts of activities, but that I was available for things like roller skating, falafel-eating and shooting the breeze. Doesn't that sound nice? That way, he would known not to try to lean in for a kiss, and I wouldn't have to pull the Stevie Wonder dance and dodge him went he went for it. It was like pre-rejection, yet I was sparing his feelings because he didn't even have to put himself out there! I really thought I was being brilliant. It backfired, of course. Said man ended up sending me an email rant accusing me of being insensitive by talking about other men when he had "feelings for me." As if I am psychic, by the way, just because I am a woman! How was I supposed to know that? I think in his mind we were dating. In my mind, he was my new gay BFF. In the end, I got mad at him for getting mad at me, and now the friendship has ended. And I have created yet another "menemy." Look, I have also tried the direct thing: "I really like you, but only as a friend, " but you can only do that when the guy has made his intentions clear, and in my experience, they either cope okay (though rarely do I feel much enthusiasm for friendship after that), or they really don't cope well. I also tried the thing where you make them think they are rejecting you, but it gets quite confusing and only works if the guy isn't very sharp, and why would I -- or you -- be hanging out with someone not that sharp in the first place? As we all remember, Billy Crystal's character says men and women can't be friends in When Harry Met Sally because the sex stuff gets in the way. I do have single, male, heterosexual friends with whom I have an easy, non-romantic rapport, but I honestly don't know if they would walk away if I was sprawled naked on a bed calling out to them. I may not be everybody's cup of tea, but sometimes, I wonder if they wonder. And they may wonder if I wonder. If so, I hope they'll keep it to
我的树林 E. M. 福斯特(1879-1970) 几年前我写了一本书，部分内容谈到英国人在印度所遭的困境。美国人觉得自己若在印度不会如此窘迫，读该书时便无拘无束，他们越读越自在，其结果是让该书的作者赚取一张支票。我用这支票买下一片树林，林子不大，几乎没有什么树，还有一条该死的公共小道从中横穿而过。但这是我拥有的第一份财产，因而如果别人和我一样感到遗憾，那是很正常的事。他们因恐怖而生变的语调，会对自己提出这样一个重要问题：财产对人的性格产生怎样的影响？我们这里不涉及经济学，私人财产对整个社区的影响完全是另外一个问题------也许是个更重要的问题，我们只从心理方面进行探讨，你所拥有的东西会对你产生什么影响？我的树林又对我产生什么影响呢？ 首先，它让我感到有负担。财产确实能起到这一作用。给人负担从而让人进不了天国。《圣经》中那个不幸的百万富翁并不坏，只是胖而已，他大腹便便，屁股浑圆，在水晶门内东挪西插想挤进去，肥嘟嘟的身体两侧被挤得到处青肿，却看见他的下方，一只较瘦的骆驼穿过针眼，织进了上帝的袍子。《新约》的四部福音书全把胖子与迟缓连在一起，指出了一个明显却被人忽略的事实，那就是拥有太多的东西必然会造就行动不便。有家具就需要掸灰尘，掸灰尘需要仆人，有仆人就得给他买保险。这些事交织在一起，使你在接受赴宴邀请或如约前往约旦河沐浴之前，不得不三思而行了。有关财产问题福音书中有些地方还有更深入的阐述，其观点与托尔斯泰相似，即财产是罪恶的。这里面涉及的苦行主义令人费解，对此我不敢苟同。但说到财产对人的直接影响，他们确实一语中的，财产让人笨重。根据定义，笨重的人不可能像闪电一样，迅速地从东移到西。一位体重14石的大主教登越讲坛，和基督的到来肯定形成鲜明对比。我的树林让我感到负担沉重。 其次，它老让我惦记着这片树林要是再大些就好了。 一天，我听到树林里传来细枝折断的声音，这使我很不高兴。心想，一定是有人在采黑莓，弄坏了灌木丛。待走近一看，发现不是人踩断了树枝，是一只鸟，我高兴极了。哈，我的鸟！可那鸟似乎并不高兴，毫不顾及我与它的关系，一见我的脸孔，顿受惊吓，飞过树篱，停在一块田地上，惊恐地叫着。那块田是亨尼
原文 巷 柯灵译者-张培基 巷，是城市建筑艺术中一篇飘逸恬静的散文，一幅古雅冲淡的图画①。这种巷，常在江南的小城市中，有如古代的少女，躲在僻静的深闺，轻易不肯抛头露面②。你要在这种城市里住久了,和它真正成了莫逆，你才有机会看见她③，接触到她优娴贞静的风度。 人耐心静静走去，要老半天才走完。它又这么曲折, 什么时候，你向巷中踅去，都如宁静的黄昏，可以清晰地听到自己的 斑斑驳驳的苔痕，墙上挂着一串串苍翠欲滴 的藤萝，简直像古朴的屏风。春来 小巷的动人处就是它无比的悠闲。无论是谁， 你的心情就会如巷尾不波的古井，那是一种和平的静穆，而不是阴森和肃杀⑩。它闹中取静，别有天地，仍是人间。它可能是一条现代的乌衣巷(11)，家家有自 己的一本哀乐帐， 使人忘忧。 译文 The Lane Ke Ling The lane, in terms of the art of urban architecture, is like a piece of prose of gentle gracefulness or a painting of classic elegance and simplicity①.
a small the lane, a maiden of ancient times hidden away in a secluded boudoir, is reluctant to make its appearance long time.③ The does not taste of the countryside at all. It is long and deep, so it will take you a long while to walk patiently and quietly through it from end to end. It is also so winding that it seems ⑤when you look far ahead, but if you keep walking until you take a turning, you’ll find it again lying endless and still more quiet. There is nothing but stillness there⑥. At any hour of day, you can even distinctly hear in the , which, moss-covered and hung with clusters of fresh green wisteria, look almost like screens of primitive simplicity. Inside the walls are residents’ gardens with In spring, beautiful peach and apricot blossoms atop the walls, ⑧waving their red sleeves, will sway hospitably to beckon the pedestrians. The charm of the lane lies in its absolute serenity. No matter who you are, if you in the lane for a while⑨, your mind will become as unruffled as the ancient well at the end of the lane. There you will a kind of peaceful calmness rather than gloomy sternness⑩. There reigns peace and quiet in the midst of noisy bustle. It is a world of its own on earth. It may be a modern (11)where each family, secluded behind closed doors, has its own covered-up story of （12）The all-pervading and all-purifying atmosphere of water-like placidness makes one forget all cares and worries.
英语散文带翻译 I remember quite clearly now when the story happened. The autumn leaves were floating in measure down to the ground, recovering the lake, where we used to swim like children, under the sun was there to shine. That time we used to be happy. Well, I thought we were. But the truth was that you had been longing to leave me, not daring to tell me. On that precious night, watching the lake, vaguely conscious, you said： "Our story is ending." The rain was killing the last days of summer. You had been killing my last breath of love, since a long time ago. I still don't think I'm gonna make it through another love story. You took it all away from me. And there I stand, I knew I was going to be the one left behind. But still I'm watching the lake, vaguely conscious, and I know my life is ending. 我仍清晰地记得故事发生的时候。秋叶翻飞，飘落一地。我们以前孩子般戏水畅游过的小湖盖满落叶，在太阳下闪着光。那时我们幸福过。哦，我是这样认为的。可事实上你早就想离开我，仅仅不敢告诉我罢了。在那美丽的夜晚，眼望湖水，恍惚中听见你说：我们的故事已到尽头。 雨水扼杀着所剩无几的夏日，而你很久以来也在扼杀我奄奄一息的爱。我仍不认为自己会再去经历另一段爱情故事。你把一切都带走了。我只有悄然伫立，早已明白自己将会是那个被遗弃的人。而我依然凝望着湖水，恍惚中，生命正离我而去。
...It is well that the commonest fruit should be also the best. Of the virtues of the orange I have not room fully to speak. It has properties of health giving, as that it cures influenza and establishes the complexion. It is clean, for whoever handles it on its way to your table, but handles its outer covering, its top coat, which is left in the hall. It is round, and forms an excellent substitute with the young for a crick ball. The pip can be flicked at your enemies, and quite a small piece of peel makes a slide for an old gentleman. ... With the orange we do live year in and year out. That speaks well for orange. That fact is that there is an honesty about the orange which appeals to all of us. If it is going to be bad---for the best of us are bad sometimes---it begins to be bad from the outside, not from the inside. How many a pear which presents a blooming face to the world is rotten at the core. How many an innocent-looking apple is harboring a worm in the bud. But the orange has no secret faults. Its outside is a mirror of its inside, and if you are quick you can tell the shopman so before he slips it into the bag.
散文翻译Translation of essays 什么是散文？ 广义而言,凡是不属于韵文的文章都可称为散文。西方人甚至把小说也包括在散文之内;我国有些现代叙事性文章名为散文,但称之为小说也无不可。不过,严格说来,我们说的散文应相当于西方的Essay,与诗歌（poem)、小说(novel)、戏剧(drama)并起并坐,文字一般都比较短小精炼,如随笔、小品文、杂感、游记、日记、书信、回忆录、通讯报道等等。 英汉散文的特点 散文是一种最灵活、最自由的文体。它篇幅短小、题材广泛；结构散而不乱，形式灵活；散文的语言充分体现了汉语多辞藻华美，或文意浓郁，文采飞扬的特点；然而英语则措辞简洁、文意客观、文采朴素。英汉语言的天然差异给散文的翻译带来很大的困难，散文的翻译不能机械地直译。 散文翻译的特点 散文的特点决定了散文的翻译必须是灵活地将“形”与“神”统一。许渊冲在谈到文学翻译时说：“文学翻译不单是译词，还要译意：不单要译意，还要译味。”，并形象地用数学公式表达为：“译词：1+1=1（形似），译意：1+1=2（意似），译味：1+1=3（神似）”。 所谓“译味”，是指译者要注意作者的语言风格。下笔翻译之前先辨别文章的文体色彩，熟悉不同文体的语言风格；更重要的是，要善于运用译入语中不同文体的语言风格来再现原文的语言风格，使译文与原文的文体色彩相符合，达到形式与功能的对等。 注意汉英散文翻译中的民俗文化误译 他是趟着雾走的,步子很飘,他背着花篓,篓里装着粮食,鼓的。”(《家乡》) 译文: He went off walking on air, his steps fairly flew. On his back he lugged an embroidered basket，in the basket bags of grain-bulging-ones stood at attention.“花篓”翻译成“embroidered basket”是不恰当的。“embroider”的意思是“刺绣”，翻译成诸如“basket with patterns”之类的形式才正确。 朱自清《背影》英译例谈 《背影》是朱自清的早期散文作品。作者使用提炼的口语，文笔秀丽、细腻缜密，读来有一种亲切委婉、娓娓动听的感觉。 张培基先生的英译《背影》以保持原作的口语风格为要，遣词造句通俗简洁，朴实无华，最大限度地再现了原文信息，达到了与原文极其相似的功能。 词汇层面：理解到位，用词准确、简单、通俗 （1）那年冬天，祖母死了，父亲的差使也交卸了,…… 译文：In the winter of two years ago, grandma died and father lost his job. …（2）……一半为了丧事，一半为了赋闲。 译文：Between grandma’s funeral and father’s unemployment, … （3）父亲因为事忙，本已说定不送我，叫旅馆里一个熟识的茶房陪我同去。 译文：Father said he was too busy to go and see me off at the railway station, but would ask a hotel waiter that he knew to accompany me there instead. （4）行李太多了，得向脚夫行些小费，才可过去。他便又忙着和他们讲价钱。 译文： There was quite a bit of luggage and he had to bargain with the porter over the fee.
英语知识 请大家跟我共同欣赏这篇优美的散文翻译作品： Youth is not a time of life; it is a state of mind; it is not a matter of rosy cheeks, red lips and supple knees; it is a matter of the will, a quality of the imagination, a vigor of the emotions; it is the freshness of the deep springs of life. 青春不是年华，而是心境;青春不是桃面、丹唇、柔膝，而是深沉的意志，恢宏的想象，炙热的感情;青春是生命的深泉在涌流。 Youth means a temperamental predominance of courage over timidity, of the appetite for adventure over the love of ease. This often exists in a man of 60 more than a boy of 20. Nobody grows old merely by a number of years. We grow old by deserting our ideals. 青春气贯长虹，勇锐盖过怯弱，进取压倒苟安。如此锐气，二十后生而有之，六旬男子则更多见。年岁有加，并非垂老，理想丢弃，方堕暮年。 Years may wrinkle the skin, but to give up enthusiasm wrinkles the soul. Worry, fear, self-distrust bows the heart and turns the spring back to dust. 岁月悠悠，衰微只及肌肤;热忱抛却，颓废必致灵魂。忧烦，惶恐，丧失自信，定使心灵扭曲，意气如灰。 Whether 60 or 16, there is in every human being's heart the lure of wonder, the unfailing childlike appetite of what's next and the joy of the game of living. In the center of your heart and my heart there is a wireless station: so long as it receives messages of beauty, hope, cheer, courage and power from men and from the Infinite, so long are you young.