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不规则动词变化表

不规则动词变化表
不规则动词变化表

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动词(I)

重点知识归纳及讲解

一、概述

动词是表示动作或状态的词。句子中的谓语成分是由动词充当的,谓语通常是句中不可缺少的成分,因此动词是英语词类中最重要的一种。动词可以通过本身的变化来表示动作发生的时间以及说话人的语气、态度等。

1.动词的种类

动词按其词义和在句中的作用可以分为:行为动词(或称实义动词)、连系动词、助动词和情态动词。详见下表:

1)行为动词又可分为及物动词(vt.)和不及物动词(vi.)两种。及物动词作谓语,后面必须跟宾语意思才完整。不及物动词作谓语,后面不能跟宾语,只有加上介词后才可接宾语。

2)英语中有些动词常常是既作及物动词又作不及物动词;既作连系动词工作及物动词。

例如:

He speaks English very well. (vt.)

他英语讲得好。

He spoke at the meeting. (vi.)

另外,动词按其在句中能否作谓语,又可分为谓语动词(finite verb)和非谓语动词(non-finite verb)两大类。

说明:

谓语动词又称限定动词,非谓语动词又称非限定动词。

非谓语动词初中阶段主要学习动词不定式的用法。

2.动词的基本形式

英语动词有五种基本形式,即动词原形、过去式、过去分词、现在分词和第三人称单数形式。如:

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1)词尾-ed 在清辅音后读[t];在浊辅音和元音后读[d];在[t]和[d]后读[id]。

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)词尾-es 或-s 在[s ]、[z]、[t ]、[d ]后面读[iz];在清辅音后读[s];在浊辅音及元音后读[z];在

[t],[d]后读[ts]、[dz]。

3)不规则动词的过去式与过去分词则要根据不规则动词表逐渐记住。 二、动词的时态

在英语中,由于谓语动作发生的时间不同,或表达不同时间存在的状态,谓语动词都要发生相应的变化。这些动词的变化形式就叫做动词的时态。

初中阶段主要学习,掌握以下八种时态。 1.一般现在时 1)构成

动词一般现在时,除主语为单数第三人称以外,谓语动词一律用原形,若主语为第三人称单数,则谓语动词的词尾应发生变化(加-s 或-es )。另外be 和have 有特殊的人称变化形式。

2)用法

a .表示经常发生的动作、行为或存在的状态。

常用的时间状语有:often, usually, always, every day 等。 I go to school every day except Sunday. 除了星期日,我每天上学。

There are fifty students in our class. 我们班上有五十个学生。 b .表示主语的身份或特征。 His father is a doctor. 他的父亲是医生。 Tom is tall. 汤姆个子高。

c .表示一种客观事实或普遍真理 The earth is round. 地球是圆的.

The sun is bigger than the moon. 太阳比月亮大。

d .在条件状态从句和时间状语从句中,用一般现在时表示将来。 If you don't go soon, you'll b

e late.

如果你不快去的话,你就要迟到了。 I will wait for you until you come back. 我将一直等到你回来。 2.一般过去时

1)构成

一般过去时其谓语动词使用动词过去式形式。

a.表示在过去某一时间内发生的动作或存在的状态,常与表示过去的时间状语连用,如:yesterday, last week, an hour ago, the other day, just now, upon a time, in 1989, in the old days, when I was at middle school等。

He left for Beijing yesterday morning.

他昨天上午到北京去了。

She wasn't at home last night.

她昨晚上在家。

Did you finish your work at four yesterday afternoon?

你昨天下午四点完成工作了吗?

b.表示过去经常或反复发生的动作。

I got up very early at that time.

我那时总是起得很早。

Mary always got up too late and never had enough time for breakfast when she was at middle school.

玛丽上中学时总是起得很晚,从来都没有足够时间吃早饭。

3.一般将来时

1)构成

动词一般将来时由助动词shall或will加动词原形构成。shall用于第一人称作主语,will用于第二、三人称作主语。除英国以外的说英语的国家,在陈述句中,即使在第一人称作主语时一般也使用助动词will,在英国现在也有这种趋势。在口语中,shall,will常缩写成I…ll Y ou'll, We'll等。在否定句中,will not缩写成won't shall not

a.表示将要发生的动作行为或存在的状态。

常与表示将来的时间状语连用,如:tomorrow, next time, next year, in a few days等。

I'll go and see her next Friday.

我下周五去看她。

He won't go there tomorrow morning.

他明天上午不到那儿去。

Will you do it again?

你再做一遍好吗?

b.有时没有时间状语,根据上下文判断其谓语动作是将要发生的。

I don't know who will do it.

我不知道谁将做这件事。

Don't worry, he will be there on time.

别着急,他会准时在那儿。

c.表示将来经常发生的动作。

From now on I'll get up early every morning.

从今以后,我每天早晨早起。

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注意:

1)表示将要发生的动作或存在的状态,除了用上述的一般将来时外,还可以用be going to 来表示。be going to这个结构表示:a.即将发生的动作;b.主语打算或准备要做的事;c.说话人根据已有的迹象判断即将发生的事。be going to 结构中的be随着句子中主语的人称而变化。

例如:

We are going to learn English.

我们将学习英语。

How are you going to spend your holidays?

你们打算怎样度过假期?

Look at these black clouds. I think it's going to rain.

看这些黑云,我想天要下雨了。

2)在时间状语从句和条件状语从句中,一般将来时要用一般现在时代替。

例如:

He will come to see you when he has time.

他有空时会来看你的。

They will ring you up as soon as they get back.

他们一回来就打电话给你。

4.现在进行时

1)构成

现在进行时由助动词be的人称形式加动词的现在分词构成。它的肯定式,否定式及疑问式的结构如下:

2)用法

a.现在进行时表示说话时谓语的动作正在进行。

Who are you waiting for?

你在等谁?

He knows that we are helping him now.

他知道我们现在正在帮助他。

b.在现阶段正在进行的动作,但不一定说话时动作正在进行。

The students are working on the farm there days.

这些天学生们正在农场劳动。

c.有些动词的进行时态还可用来表示将来时。这类动词有go, come, leave, arrive, move, die等。

He is coming soon.

他不久就要来了。

Mary is arriving here at 4 o/clock this afternoon.

玛丽今天下午四点到达这里。

注意:

1)表示状态或感觉的动词,如:know, love, like, want, hear, see, think等,一般没有进行时态,因为它们不能表示正在进行的动作。但是,如果词义发生变化,能表示一个正在进行的动作,也可使用进行时态。

例如:

Stop, I am thinking.

停下来,我正在想问题呢。

2)无法延续动作的动词,如:jump, begin, start, stop等一般不宜用于进行时态。但是,若想表示动作反复或即将发生,也可使用进行时态。

例如:

He is jumping up and down.

他一下一下地跳个不停。

5.现在完成时

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1)构成

现在完成时由have的人称形式加动词的过去分词构成。它的肯定式、否定式及疑问式如下:

a.表示过去某一时间发生的动作或存在的状态,对现在仍有影响。

She has been ill for three days.

她病了三天了。

He has already left.

他已经走了。

b.表示从过去某一时间开始一直持续到现在的动作或状态。

We've known each other since we were children.

我们从小就认识。

注意:

在用already, always, yet, just, ever, never等副词作状语时,或者由for, since引起的短语作状语或状语从句时,句子的谓语动词常用现在完成时。

区别:

1)have (has) been to 与have (has) gone to

have (has) been to +某地,表示到过某地,说明去过某地,说话时已经回来了。

have (has) gone to +某地,说明去某地了,说话时还没有回来。

例如:

He has been to Beijing three times.

他去过北京三次。

He has gone to Shanghai.

他去上海了。

2)have (has) been to do sth. 还可以表示做过某事。have (has) gone to do sth.则表示去做某事了。

例如:

He has been to see Tom in the hospital.

他去医院看过汤姆。

He has gone to see Tom in the hospital.

他到医院看汤姆去了。

3)have got虽然在形式上是现在完成时,却和have是相同的意思。

例如:

Have you got any book?=Do you have any book?

你有书吗?

6.过去进行时

1)构成

过去进行时由be动词的过去式加动词的现在分词构成。

2)用法

过去进行时主要表示过去某个时刻或过去一段时间正在进行的动作。过去进行时常与表示过去的时间状语如:then at that time, once, a moment ago等连用,或者用另一动作表示过去的时间。

例如:

I was writing a letter at home at seven yesterday evening.

我昨晚七点在家写信。

He was watching TV when I came home yesterday evening.

昨天晚上回家时,他在家看电视。

7.过去完成时

1)构成

过去完成时由助动词had加动词的过去分词构成。

2)用法

过去完成时表示过去某一时间以前或过去某一动作以前已完成的动作,即过去的过去。

为了更容易理解过去完成时的时间概念,使之与过去时有明显的区别,可见下面的时间示意图。

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例如:

I had learned eight hundred English words by the end of last year. (在过去某一时间之前)

到去年年底之前,我已经学会了八百个英语单词。

He had finished his work before I came here.(在过去另一动作之前)

在我来这儿以前,他已经完成了工作。

说明:

1)在包含when, as soon as, before, after, until等连词的复合句中,若主句谓语和从句谓语所表示的过去的动作是在不同时间发生的,那么,先发生的动作用过去完成时,后发生的动作用一般过去时。

例如:

I told them after you had left.

你走后我就告诉了他们。

I had been at the bus stop for twenty minutes when a bus finally came.

我在公共汽车站等了二十分钟,汽车终于来了。

2)如果主句动作和从句动作紧接着发生,特别是连词为after或before时,由于连词本身很清楚地表明了动作发生的先后,两个动作此时都可使用一般过去时来表示。

例如:

After we said good-bye to them, we left the village.

在和他们告别后,我们就离开了村庄。

8.过去将来时

1)构成

过去将来时由助动词should或would加动词原形构成。第一人称用should,其他人称用would。但目前在美、英等国也有第一人称用would的情况。

2)用法

a.过去将来时是个相对的时态,主要用于从过去某一时间来看将要发生的事情。常用在宾语从句中表示从句的动作发生在主句动作之后。

They said they would go to visit the second factory.

他们说他们将要去参观第二个工厂。

The teacher told us that there would be a concert the next Tuesday.

老师告诉我们下周二将要有场音乐会。

b.过去将来时也可由“was / were going to + 动词原形”来表示。

She said she was going to see her uncle.

她说她要去看望她的叔叔。

c.有些动词的过去进行时也可表示过去将来时。这一用法与某些动词的现在进行时表示一般将来时的用法相同。

I didn't have much time to talk with you became I was leaving for Shanghai in two hours.

我没有多少时间跟你谈话了,因为再过两个小时我就要动身去上海。

注意:

“would+动词原形”有时并不表示过去将来时,而表示一种客气的请求。

例如:

Would you please open the window?

请把窗子打开好吗?

三、随堂监测A组

单项选择:

1. Look! There _________ some apples in that tree.

A. is

B. was

C. are

D. were

2.We'll have to clean the plates before Mother _________ home.

A. will come

B. is coming

C. come

D. comes

3.—Will your mother _________ you if you _________ the English exam?

—Of course not. Because I am trying my best.

A. be angry with; don't pass

B. be angry with; won't pass

C. be angry to; don't pass

D. be angry to; won't pass

4.I'm sorry you've missed the train, it _________ 10 minutes ago.

A. left

B. has left

C. had left

D. has been left

5. I don't think I _________ you in that dress before.

A. have seen

B. was seeing

C. saw

D. see

6. _________ you _________ to the radio? —No, you can turn it off.

A. Did; listen

B. Have; listened

C. Do; listen

D. Are; listening

7. —Where's Mr Lee? I have something unusual to tell him.

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—Y ou _________ find him. He _________ Japan.

A. may not; has gone to

B. may not; has been to

C. can't; has gone to

D. can't; has been to

8. —I won't come to the party unless Sue _________, too.

—Y ou mean if Sue comes you'll come?

A. will invite

B. invites

C. invited

D. is invited

9. The world _________. Things never stay the same.

A. changes

B. is changing

C. was changing

D. will change

10. —Excuse me, does Mr Smith's son live here?

—He _________ live here, but he has moved.

A. has to

B. used to

C. tried to

D. happened to

11. The children planted more threes and flowers after they _________ Greener China.

A. joined

B. took part in

C. became

D. were

12. —Where's Mr Zhang? —He _________ London.

A. has been to

B. has been

C. has gone

D. has gone to

13. —Do you know if he _________ to play basketball with us?

—I think he will come if he _________ free tomorrow.

A. comes; is

B. comes; will be

C. will come; is

D. will come; will be

14. —May I speak to Mabel, please? —Sorry. She's _________ Pairs.

A. gone in

B. been in

C. gone to

D. been to

15. My pen friend Phillip _________ to see me from Australia. He will be here soon.

A. comes

B. came

C. has come

D. is coming

16. I won't go to the concert because I _________ my ticket.

A. lost

B. don't lose

C. have lost

D. is coming

17. —Do you know Jack well? —Certainly, we _________ friends since ten years ago.

A. were

B. have made

C. have become

D. have been

18. —Where is Jim? —He ______ to the shop. He'll back in an hour.

A. goes

B. go

C. has gone

D. will go

19. —Excuse me, look at the sign NO PHOTOS! —Sorry, I ________ it.

A. don't see

B. didn't see

C. haven't seen

D. won't see

20. Jim's father said to him, "I hope you ________ what I ________ you to buy."

A. didn't forget; told

B. not to forget; have told

C. won't forget; have told

D. haven't forgotten; will tell

21. I like my new bike. It ________ very well.

A. rides

B. is riding

C. is ridden

D. has ridden

22. A lot of trees ________ along the river last year.

A. planted

B. are planted

C. were planted

23. These books ________ out of the reading room. Y ou have to read them here.

A. must be taken

B. can't take

C. can take

D. mustn't be taken

24. — Whose CD player is this? —It's mine. It ________ me 800 yuan.

A. took

B. spent

C. paid

D. cost

25. —May I ________ you Chinese-English dictionary? —Sorry, I ________ it at home?

A. borrow; forgot

B. lend; left

C. lend; forgot

D. borrow; lef t

26. Can you ________ a little French?

A. say

B. talk

C. speak

D. tell

27. The internet ________ it easy go get much new information in a short time.

A. finds

B. makes

C. feels

D. takes

28. —Do you like the music The Moonlight Sonata? —Y es, it ________ really beautiful.

A. feels

B. sounds

C. listens

D. hears

29. Alice, we are going to spend our holiday in Canada,if you ________, we can go to China instead.

A. hope

B. wish

C. prefer

D. agree

30. —Hello! Would you like to go to the concert with me tonight?

—I'm sorry I can't Mother won't ________ me to go out in the evening.

A. let

B. allow

C. offer

D. ask

31. It's too dark here. Please ________ the light.

A. turn back

B. turn down

C. turn on

D. turn off

32. After finishing your paper, look it over to ________ there are no mistakes.

A. find out

B. try out

C. make sure

D. think about

33. The baby is sleeping. Please ________ the radio a little.

A. turn down

B. turn up

C. turn on

D. turn off

34. —Look! The bus is coming.

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—But there are too many people. We can't ________ it.

A. get off

B. get down

C. get on

D. get up

35. Don't ________ your coat, Tom! It's easy to catch a cold in spring.

A. take away

B. take off

C. take down

D. take out

36. The trees must ________ three times a week.

A. water

B. is watering

C. be watered

D. waters

四、随堂监测B组

II.用所给词的适当形式填空:

1 They ________ (visit) the museum last week.

2. Zhang Hong ________ (make) many friends since she came to Paris.

3. She ________ (go)to the cinema with her classmates tomorrow evening.

4. John is always busy. He ________ (sleep) only six hours very night.

5. Stay here; boy; don't go out. It ________ (rain) now.

6. She often ________ (do) her lessons after supper.

7. Hurry up! The train ________ (leave) in five minutes.

8. They ________ (arrive) in London on the night of April 30, 1989.

9. While we ________ (talk) in the room, the light suddenly went out

10. They ________ (learn) about 200 English words since this term.

11. The meeting ________ already ________ (start) when we got there.

12. He ________ (work) hard at English every day.

13. Put on your coat. The wind ________ (blow) hard outside now.

14. I ________ (not finish) my homework yet.

15. He ________ (must send) to the hospital at once.

16. By the end of last year we ________ (plant) 1,500 trees.

17. She ________ (play) the piano when I went to see her last night.

18. I'll tell him about i8t as soon as I ________ (see) him.

19. She isn't at home, she ________ (go) to Shanghai.

20. ________ you ________ (get) up early every morning this year?

21. The film ________ (be) on for five minutes when I got to the cinema.

22. He said that light ________ (ravel) much faster than sound.

23. How many Chinese words ________ Mike ________ (learn) since he got to Beijing?

24. The earth ________ (move) around the sun.

25. The teacher said he ________ (give) us a talk on history soon.

26. All the students ________ (plant) trees tomorrow.

27. Please ________ (not shout) here, the baby is sleeping.

28. We were sure that he ________ (can work) out the problem.

29. The singer said she ________ (not sing) twice in one evening.

30. We are sure he will come to see us before he ________ (leave) Tianjin.

31. Look! The Y ong Pioneers ________ (pant) trees on the hill.

32. Mr Wang ________ (not give) us a talk last Monday.

33. They ________ (play) basketball this time yesterday.

34. He said that they ________ (clean) the classroom the next day.

35. We often ________ (have) an English party on Saturday evenings.

36. He ________ (joint) the army a few years ago.

37. I'll tell him the news as soon as he ________ (come) back.

38. Tom always ________ (think) much of others, but little of himself.

39. Mr Black, together with his students, ________ (visit) the Science Museum now.

40. There ________ (be) a League meeting the day after tomorrow.

41. My brother ________ (be) away form home for three years.

42. When Black got to the classroom, the first class ________ (begin).

43. I don't know if he ________ (come). If he ________ (come), please let me know.

44. Tom said, "This pair of trousers ________ (be) mine!"

45. The story ________ (take) place in 1985.

46. —Where is your uncle?

—He________ (go) to the bank.

47. I usually ________ (do) my homework in the evening.

48. If it ________ (not rain) tomorrow, the League members of class ________ (plant) trees around the lake?

49. I ________ (finish) my homework by half past eight last night.

50. —What's in the lake?

—Some boys ________ (swim) in the lake.

51. The USA ________ (attack) Iraq (伊拉克) in March, 2003.

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52. My brother likes English very much, and he ________ (practice) reading every morning.

动词II

典型应用剖析

一、动词的被动语态

1.主动语态和被动语态

英语语态有主动语态和被动语态两种。主语是动作的执行者,叫做主动语态;主语是动作的承受者,叫做被动语态。

例如:

We swept the floor.

我们打扫了地板。(主动语态)

The floor was swept.

地板被打扫过。(被动语态)

2.被动语态的构成

1)被动语态是由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成的。

助动词be有人称,数和时态的变化,其变化规则与其作为连系动词的be的变化完全一样。被动语态的肯定式的结构是:主语+be+过去分词(vt.)+(by+宾语)。

例如:

Apple trees aren't planted in the south.

苹果树不种在南方。

The building hasn't been completed.

这座建筑物没有竣工。

3)被动语态的一般疑问句

被动语态的一般疑问句的结构是:Be+主语+过去分词(vt)+(by+宾语)?其答语用yes或no作简单回答。

例如:

Are they made in China? Y es, they are.

它们是中国制造的吗?是的,是中国制造的。

Was the museum built in 1993?

这座博物馆是在1993年建成的吗?

No, it was built in 1986.

不,它是在1986年建成的。

4)被动语态的特殊疑问句

被动语态的特殊疑问句的结构是:疑问词+be+主语+过去分词(vt),其答语要作具体回答。

例如:

What is the machine used for?

这台机器用来作什么?

It is used for making paper.

它是用来造纸的。

Where were the car made?

这些小汽车是哪里制造的?

They were made in China.

它们是中国制造的。

5)被动语态的八种时态形式

被动语态的八种时态(以动词ask为例):

12

13 被动语态没有完成进行时态和将来进行时态。

初中阶段主要应掌握的被动语态的时态有:一般现在时,一般过去时,现在进行时,过去进行时和现在完

成时。

3.什么时候使用被动语态

1)在没有指明动作的执行者的情况下。

例如:

The meeting was held last week.

会议上周召开了。

English is taught in all middle schools.

所有中学都开设英语课。

2)要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。

例如:

Teapots are used for drinking.

茶壶是饮水用的。

Where's cotton produced?

棉花产于何地?

The bike was stolen yesterday afternoon.

昨天下午自行车被偷了。

4.主动语态变为被动语态的方法

1)将主动句里的宾语成分变为被动句里的主语成分。把主动句里的宾格人称代词改为主格形式。

2)把主动结构的谓语动词改为be+过去分词形式。

3)将主动句的主语变为介词by的宾语。

例如:

People use radios for listening to the news.(主动)

→Radios are use for listening to the news by people.(被动)

I posted a letter last week.(主动)

→A letter was posted by me last week.(被动)

注意:

在make, let, see, hear, notice, watch, feel等动词后面作宾语补足语的动词不定式都不带to,但这种句子如果变为被动语态时,则应加上to。

例如:We heard her sing an English song.(主动)

→She was heard to sing an English song by us.(被动)

5.主动语态变为被动语态的主要类型

1)谓语动词只有一个宾语的。

例如:The workers are building a ship.(主动语态)

→The ship is being built by the workers.(被动语态)

I have finished the exercises.(主动语态)

→The exercises have been finished by me.(被动语态)

2)谓语动词有两个宾语的,其中一个变为被动句的主语,另一个仍作为宾语,称为保留宾语。

例如:

I sent him a present. (主动语态)

→He was sent a present by me.(被动语态)

A present was sent to him by me.(被动语态)

注意:

a)在主动句中有些动词,如ask, answer, teach等变成被动句时,一般将间接宾语(指人的)改成被动句的主语。

例如:

He asked us a lot of questions.(主动语态)

→We were asked a lot of questio ns by him.

b)在主动句中有些动词,如build, buy, choose等变成被动句时,将直接宾语(指物的)改成被动句的主语。

例如:

My father bought me a new bike.(主动语态)

→The new bike was bought for me by my father.(被动语态)

3)谓语动词后跟复合宾语,只把宾语改为被动句的主语,宾语补足语不变。

例如:

宾语宾补

He left the door open.(主动语态)

他让门开着。

→The door was left open by him.(被动语态)

门由他打开着。

4)许多由不及物动词加介词构成的短语动词,相当于一个及物动词,可以有宾语,因而也可以有被动语态。但应注意:短语动词是一个不可分割的整体,在变为被动语态时,不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。

例如:

We must take good care of our books.(主动语态)

→Our books must be taken good care of.(被动语态)

我们应该保管好我们的书本。

我们的书本应保管好。(被动)

5)谓语动词含有情态动词时,只变及物动词为被动语态,构成为:情态动词+be+过去分词(vt.)

例如:

We must finish it at once. (主动语态)

我们必须马上做完这件事。

→It must be finished at once(被动语态)

这件事必须马上做完。

6)带有be going to结构的被动语态,被动结构表现在不定式上。结构为:sth be going to be done。

例如:

I am going to close the door.(主动语态)

我将去关门。

→The door is going to be closed.(被动语态)

门将要关上。

6.被动语态中应注意的几个问题

1)在被动语态句子中要注意主语与谓语在人称和数方面要保持一致。

2)主动语态不能变为被动语态的情况:

a.have(有)以及和have构成的短语动词不能用于被动语态

b.不及物动词没有动作的承受者,不能用被动语态。

c.主动句的宾语是each other或反身代词时,不能变成被动句的主语。

d.主动句的宾语是不定式或动词的-ing形式时,不能变成被动句的主语。

3)注意有时用主动语态表示被动意义的情况。

例如:

This kind of cloth washes very well.

这种布很禁洗。

The machine made in China sell well abroad.

中国制造的机器在国外畅销。

二、动词不定式

不定式是动词的一种非限定形式,通常前面带有小品词to,动词不定式的基本形式由“to +动词原形”构成,有时也可以省略to。

不定式可以有自己的宾语或状语。带有宾语或状语的不定式叫不定式短语。

1.不定式在句子中的作用

1)作主语

例如:

To learn a a foreign language well is not easy.

学好一门外语不容易。

如果不定式(短语)过长,可用形式主语it,而将真正的主语不定式(短语)放在句末。

例如:

It is better to see once than to hear a hundred times.

百闻不如一见。

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2)作宾语

They all wanted to see you yesterday.

他们昨天都要来看你。

3)作表语

To eat is to live,but to live is not to eat.

吃饭是为了活着,但活着不是为了吃饭。

4)作宾语补足语

He wants you to call him back at eleven.

他要你在十一点给他回电话。

I helped him (to) find his things.

我帮他找到他的东西。(help后跟不定式作宾补,可省略to,也可以保留to)

注意:

在某些复合宾语中,由于谓语动词的要求,我们往往先用it代表示定式,作为形式宾语,而把真实宾语——不定式放在句子的后面。这类动词还有make, think等。

例如:

They found it important to get everything ready in time.

他们发现把一切事情及时准备好很重要。

5)作定语

作定语的不定式与经所修饰的名词有逻辑上的动宾关系。如果这个不定式是不及物动词,它后面就要有必要的介词。

Do you have anything more to say?

你还有什么话要说吗?

There is nothing to worry about.

没有什么值得发愁的。

6)作状语

The child is not old enough to go to school.

这个孩子还没到上学年龄。(结果状语)

They ran over to welcome us.

他们跑过来欢迎我们。(目的状语)

To hear the news, she cried.

听到这个消息后,她哭起来了。(原因状语)

7)有些动词,如want, like, wish, hope, try, ask, start, learn, agree, teach, decide, understand等,后面可以接连接代词或连接副词加不定式作宾语。

例如:

No one could tell me where to get the book.

没有人能告诉我哪里能找到这本书。

Show us what to do.

告诉我们应该做什么。

I don't know whether to answer his letter.

我不知道要不要给他回信。

3.不定式的时态和语态

1)不定式动作和谓语动作同时发生,这时不定式用进行式。

例如:

They are said to be building a house.

据说他们正在建房子。

2)不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前,这时不定式用完成式。

例如:

I am goad to have seen your mother.

见到你的母亲我很高兴。

3)不定式有主动式和被动式。不定式的被动式可以用来:

15

a.作主语

It is happy for me to be asked to speak here.

被邀请在这里讲话我很高兴。

b.作宾语

She asked to do sent to work in the western part of the country.

她请求派她去西部地区工作。

c.作宾语补足语

He wanted the letter to be written at once.

他让马上把信写好。

d.作状语

She was too young to be given so much money.

她太小,不能把许多钱给她。

e.作定语

There are a lot of trees to be planted.

有很多树要种。

4.不定式的复合结构

不定式的复合结构由“for/of+名词(或代词宾格)+不定式”构成。其中名词(或代词宾格)表示不定式动作的执行者,是不定式的逻辑主语。

不定式的复合结构在句子中可以作用主语、表语、宾语、定语、状语。

例如:

It's very kind of you to help us.

非常感谢你帮助我们。(主语)

This is for you to decide.

这得由你来决定。(表语)

I think it necessary for us to study English hard.

我认为我们努力学英语是必要的。(宾语)

There are a lot of difficulties for them to overcome.

有许多困难要他们克服。(定语)

The text is too long for us to learn by heart.

课文太长,我们记不住。(状语)

三、随堂监测A组

单项选择:

1. The no. 12 bus __________ to the Town Hall and not to the station.

A. has come

B. has been going

C. goes

D. is going

2. Don't use that pen. It __________ smoothly .

A. didn't write

B. don't write

C. doesn't write

D. isn't write

3. If it __________, I won't go for a walk.

A. rains

B. will rain

C. rained

D. rain

4. The child is playing while his mother __________ dinner.

A. cooked

B. cooks

C. was cooking

D. is cooking

5. He __________ in a cotton factory these day.

A. is working

B. works

C. will be working

D. has been working

6. Don't turn off the light I __________a report now.

A. have been reading

B. read

C. am reading

D. have read

7. John __________ the first party in his life tomorrow night.

A. is given

B. is giving

C. has given

D. has been giving

8. My uncle __________ to see me. He'll be here soon.

A. comes

B. is coming

C. had come

D. came

9. At this moment I __________ we have a good chance of victory.

A. feel

B. am feeling

C. felt

D. am felt

10. My uncle never __________ a hat even in winter.

A. is wearing

B. are being worn

C. wore

D. wears

11. By next December, I __________ fifty-five.

A. will have to be

B. will have been

C. will be being

D. shall be

12. Look at these black clouds __________.

A. It'll rain

B. It's going to rain

C. It'll be raining

D. It is to rain

13. Look out! That tree __________ fall down.

A. is going to

B. will be

C. shall

D. would

14. "Have you read the book I gave you?"

16

"No, but __________ going to read it soon."

A. I'd be

B. I'll be

C. I've been

D. I'm

15. We __________ for Shanghai tonight.

A. are starting

B. starts

C. started

D. have started

16. I think she __________ right now.

A. reading

B. reads

C. is reading

D. read

17. Before long, he __________ all about the matter.

A. will have forgotten

B. will forget

C. forgets

D. forgot

18. We don't go unless you __________ soon.

A. had come

B. came

C. has said

D. has been saying

19. Do be quiet! I'm trying to hear what the man __________.

A. says

B. is saying

C. has said

D. has been saying

20. Smith__________ his friends for money.

A. often ask

B. is often asking

C. often asks

D. has been asked

21. Twelve inches __________ one foot.

A. make

B. makes

C. is making

D. will make

22. While Connie __________ a baseball match, her sister is typewriting a letter in her office.

A. Has watched

B. watches

C. is watching

D. has been watching

23. James Watt __________ the steam engine

A. was inventing

B. invented

C. had invented

D. has invented

24. "The possibility of the flood was just reported over the radio."

"I know. I heard abut it. The river __________ the top of its bank."

A. got

B. get

C. gets

D. has got

25. "Where's your uncle's home?" __________ in Boston in the past years.

A. He's lived

B. He's living

C. He lives

D. He lived

26. I __________ him a lot during the past two weeks.

A. saw

B. have seen

C. had seen

D. am seeing

27. They can't leave until they __________ their work.

A. did

B. are doing

C. have done

D. had done

28. Will you please lend me the book when you __________ it?

A. will finish

B. have finished

C. will have finished

D. finishing

29. Is that the first time you __________ Beijing?

A. have visited

B. would visited

C. visited

D. have been visiting

30. She has worked in this factory __________.

A. after 1968

B. in 1968

C. since 1968

D. for 1968

31. __________ three years since i left school. Now I miss my classmate very much.

A. It was

B. It have been

C. It is

D. It had been

32. My parents have lived here __________.

A. since 1952

B. for many years ago

C. many yeas ago

D. since 1952 ago

33. My parents have lived here __________.

A. It have been

B. It is

C. It was

D. That is

34. So far, she __________ her holiday very much.

A. hasn't enjoyed

B. didn't enjoy

C. doesn't enjoy

D. was not enjoy

35. "Y our arm is bleeding !" "Y es, I __________ it with a knife."

A. hurt

B. was hurting

C. have just hurt

D. had hurt

36. His grandfather __________ for thirty years.

A. died

B. was dead

C. has been dead

D. has died

37. My brother __________ the Y outh League for two years.

A. has been in

B. has entered

C. has taken part

D. has joined

38. They will be as tall as you soon, it they __________.

A. would help growing like that

B. keep to grow like it

C. keep growing like that

D. will keep growing like that

39. We used to go skiing in the Michigan every winter, but __________ for the past five seasons.

A. I don't go

B. I haven't gone

C. I'm not going

D. I didn't go

40. "Have you read the book I gave you?"

"No, But __________ going to read it soon."

A. I'd be

B. I'll be

C. I've been

D. I'm

41. I will come when I __________ free.

17

A. will be

B. shall be

C. was

D. am

42. When I arrived in Birmingham the sun __________.

A. has been shining

B. shone

C. has shone

D. was shining

43. James has just arrived, but I didn't know he __________ until yesterday.

A. will come

B. was coming

C. has been coming

D. comes

44. "I heard you talking to somebody just now." "Oh, I __________ to myself."

A. have only talked

B. only talk

C. was only talking

D. have only been talking

45. The teacher __________ it was important to know English grammar.

A. had always been saying

B. was always saying

C. had always had said

D. was always said

46. As he __________ I couldn't ask him anything.

A. will already left

B. have already left

C. had already left

D. already leaves

47. By the end of last term, We __________ 2, 500 words.

A. had learned

B. has learned

C. has been learned

D. learned

48. When we got to the airport, we found that the plane __________.

A. had already taken off

B. already took off

C. was already taken off

D. was already taking off

49. As soon as John's mother __________ out, he stole some food.

A. goes

B. had gone

C. was going

D. were going

50. The singer had lived in California before he __________ university.

A. had been sent

B. had been sending

C. was sending

D. was sent

51. The singer had lived in California before he __________ university.

A. would return

B. had return

C. will return

D. should return

52. It was December 20. In five days it would be Christmas Day. The Lord Mayor , together with overseas students,

__________ to celebrate it .

A. was going

B. will go

C. is going

D. went

53. When I reached the station, the train __________ already __________.

A. had ... left

B. were ... leaving

C. was ... left

D. had ....been left

54. While I __________ my breakfast the morning post came.

A. had had

B. had been having

C. was having

D. have had

55. By eleven o'clock yesterday, we __________ at the airport.

A. had arrived

B. have arrived

C. shall arrive

D. arrive

56. I was hungry. I __________ nothing all day.

A. ate

B. had eaten

C. had been eating

D. have eaten

57. "My father will be here tomorrow." —"Oh, I thought that he __________ today."

A. was coming

B. is coming

C. will come

D. comes

58. I thought that honesty __________ the best policy.

A. was

B. is

C. were

D. been

59. When I was at middle school, I knew that William Shakespeare ____________ in 1564.

A. was born

B. had been born

C. is born

D. has born

60. He is so rich that be __________ to work.

A. hasn't been

B. haven't

C. doesn't have

D. isn't being

四、随堂监测B组

用所给动词的正确形式填空:

1. Li Ping often __________ (read) English in the morning.

2. __________ he __________ (clean) the windows once a week.

3. The workers __________ (have) sports on the playground now.

4. How long __________ you __________ (stay) there the day before yesterday.

5. Who __________ (listen) to the music?

6. When I __________ (be) a middle school student, I often __________ (sing).

7. His parents __________(go) to the Great Wall tomorrow morning.

8. __________ they __________ (study) Japanese next term?

9. What time __________ you __________ (do) your homework everyday.

10. Look! The students __________ (clean) the classroom.

18

11. What __________ your after __________ (do) yesterday? —He __________ (write) two letters.

12. There __________ (be) a football match on TV this evening.

13. My father __________ (leave) for Japan tomorrow morning.

14. Tom __________ (not listen) to the radio every morning.

15. __________ (be) there any hospitals here twenty years ago?

16. I __________ (come) to see you again before long.

17. __________ there __________ (be) an English evening next Saturday?

18. __________ your uncle __________ (have) a meeting last Friday?

19. What __________ the young Pioneers __________ (do) on the hill now?

20. They __________ (not go) fishing on Sunday.

21. How many classes __________ you __________ (have) every day.

22. It's seven in the evening, Tom's family __________ (watch) TV.

23. He __________ (join) the army in 1985. He __________ (be) still in the army how.

24. I __________ (visit) my friend next Sunday.

25. If it snows tomorrow, we __________ (play) with snow.

26. I __________ (make) a lot of mistakes in my test yesterday.

27. __________ it __________ (snow) outside now? —No, it __________.

28. Where __________ they __________ (live)? They __________ (live) in Shanghai.

29. If it __________ (rain) this morning, we won't go shopping.

30. Listen! Who _________(sing)in the next room?

31. The teacher _________(not teach)us a Chinese song,he ________(teach)us an English song two days ago.

32. If I am free this evening,I ________(help)you with your maths.

33. ________you ________(be)there tomorrow? No,I ________.

34. Where _________(be)your parents last year? They ________(be)in Xi'an.

35. Why _______ they _______(go)to the library after school yesterday? Because they _________(want)to

borrow some books.

36. What _______ you _______(do)these days?

37. Don't make a noise. Grandma _________(sleep).

38. Sometimes he _________(help)his mother with the housework.

39. Please write to us as soon as you _________(get)there.

40. We ________(show)the foreign friends around Beijing when they get here.

41. We'll wait till you _______(make)up your mind.

42. They ______ just _______(talk)about you.

43. Where _____he ______(be)? He _________(be)to the bank.

44. ______ you______(visit)the Science Museum? ---Y es,I________.

45. ______she ______(tell)you the good news? ---No,she _______.

46. How long _______ your mother _______(teach)English in this school? ---For ten years.

47. We _______ already _______(draw)five pictures.

48. My grandson ______________(be)ill for a week.

49. ________ the train _________(arrive)?---No,not yet.

50. Our physics teacher ____________________(not come)to work today,because he is ill.

51. My brother _________(make)so many American friends since he went there two years ago.

52. She _______(work)in a factory for three years before she went to college.

53. Mr. Brown _______________(live)in London for ten years by the end of last month.

54. How many English words _________ you _________(learn)by the end of last term?

55. ______ they _______(pick)all the apples before the farmer got there?

56. I didn't return the book to the library,because I _________(not finish)reading it.

57. The boy said that he ___________(not break)the window.

58. Jack said that he ___________ (not go) over his lessons yet.

59. John told me that he ___________ (fly) to Japan next Wednesday.

60. Did she say when she ___________ (be) back tomorrow?

61. The head master said he ___________ (meet) some foreigners at the station soon.

62. I wondered if our team ___________ (win) this evening.

63. He said he ___________ (not make) the same mistakes again.

63. He said he ___________ (not make) the same mistakes again.

64. We ___________ (have) a meeting at that time.

65. Tom ___________ (not have) breakfast yesterday morning.

66. Did he know he ___________ (have) an English lest the next day?

67. ___________ your father ___________ (go) to work by bike every day?

19

68. Mr Wang ___________ (teach) us maths since 1990

69. They will have a trip to the Great Wall if it ___________ (not rain) next Sunday.

70. When I got home my grandmother ___________(make)cakes

71. I ___________ (give) the note to him as soon as school is over.

72. The English song ___________ (teach) now over the radio.

73. English ___________ (speak) all over the world.

74. The Great Green Wall must ___________ (build) in the world.

75. Can the report ___________ (write)in English?

76. The mountain will ___________ (cover) with the trees in a few years.

77. The young trees must ___________ (tie) to the stick to keep it straight.

78. So far, many man-made satellites have ___________ (send) up into space.

79. English ___________ (speak) in Canada.

80. Tennis ___________ (invent) a hundred years ago.

81. It ___________ (snow) hard now. We'd better ___________ (not go) home right now.

82. These exercises must ___________ (do) by yourself.

83. Our teacher told us time ___________ (be) life.

84. We ___________ (not see) each other since he ___________ (leave) here.

85. ___________you ever ___________(ride) a horse before?

86. Miss Green ___________(be)in China for 6 years.

87. We ___________ never ___________ (be) to Hawaii.

88. Y ou'd better try to give up ___________ (smoke). It's too bad to your health.

89. Who is doing well in ___________ (describe) things?

90. Have you finished ___________ (read) the book?

91. Have you saw someone ___________ (ski) before?

92. Can a shark stop ___________ (swim)? —No, It can't

93. Y ou'd better try ___________ (do) it by yourself.

94. The students kept ___________(talk)about the football match.

95. I had a computer lessons first. Then I went on ___________ (have) tennis lessons.

96. He hopes ___________ (see) the famous football player as soon as possible.

97. The boy kept ___________ (ask) strange questions to his teacher, it made the teacher unhappy.

98. Edison enjoyed ___________ (try) his new ideas.

99. He asked me ___________ (speak) loudly.

100. Students must study hard ___________ (make) our country strong.

101. The policeman made him ___________ (stand) in the rain for half an hour.

102. Would you like something nice ___________ (eat)

103. I can't decide which sweater ___________ (choose)

104. He hasn't decided whether choose (tell) the truth.

105. He told me where ___________ (buy) a computer.

106. Will you please ___________ (not talk) in the reading room.

107. I have a lot of work ___________ (do).

108. Why not ___________ (come) a little earlier?

109. I'm sorry ___________ (hear) that.

110. When did you finish ___________ (pack) ?

111. ___________ (talk) with her is a great pleasure.

112. English is not so easy ___________ (learn) well.

113. When makes him ___________ (think) I am a scientist.

114. I forgot ___________ (bring) my textbook with me.

115. Last night I heard Mike ___________ (cry) in the room.

116. My idea is ___________ (have) a meeting at once.

117. At night, the robot watched him ___________ (sleep). It knew everything about Mr. Mott.

118. In the country, he can hear birds ___________ (sing) and sheep ___________ (bleat)

119. My job is ___________ (feed) the animals.

120. In about 600 years, we will hardly have enough space ___________ (stand) in on the earth.

121. Forest help to keep water from ___________ (run) away.

122. He printer is used for ___________ (print) documents.

123. He is busy ___________ (write) his composition.

124. The film is worth ___________ (see).

125. They prefer to ___________(stay) at home rather than ___________ (play) basketball.

126. Y our opinion is worth ___________ (consider).

127. Ed starts ___________ (carry) the bag, but trips over his shoes.

128. We are going to have lots of fun ___________ (hike) and ___________ (eat) a new kind fruit.

129. Are you good at ___________ (read) maps?

20

最新英语动词不规则变化表

★☆英语动词不规则变化表☆★ ★记忆法一:常见93个不规则动词的变化规律归纳如下 一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三者都相同。(共9个) cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let— let put—put—put read—read—read set—set—set shut—shut—shut 二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。(共41个) 1.过去式和过去分词都含有-ought。(3个) bring—brought—broug ht buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought 2. 词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个)build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3.过去式、过去分词都含有-aught。(2个)catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4把-eep变为-ept。(3个) keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept

sweep— swept—swept 5把-ell变为-old。(2个) tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个)smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spill—spilt—spilt 7过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个)learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant spoil—spoilt—spoilt 8过去式、过去分词词尾是d。(4个) say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 9改变元音字母。(11个) meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find— found—found hold—held—held spit—spat—spat shine— shone—shone win—won—won

高考英语常用不规则动词变化表

注:“~”表示在动词原形后直接加ing

英语寓言故事:The Farmer and the Stork农夫和鹳 A farmer placed nets on his newly-sown plowlands and caught a number of Cranes, which came to pick up his seed. With them he trapped a Stork that had fractured his leg in the net and was earnestly beseeching the Farmer to spare his life. "Pray save me, Master," he said, "and let me go free this once. My broken limb should excite your pity. Besides, I am no Crane, I am a Stork, a bird of excellent character; and see how I love and slave for my father and mother. Look too, at my feathers-- they are not the least like those of a Crane." The Farmer laughed aloud and said, "It may be all as you say, I only know this: I have taken you with these robbers, the Cranes, and you must die in their company." Birds of a feather flock together. 农夫在刚刚播种的田里布下许多网,许多来吃种子的鹤都被捉住了,并捉到一只鹳,鹳的腿被网折断了,它哀求农夫说:“饶了我吧,可怜可怜我吧。我又不是鹤,而是一只鹳,我是性情优美的鸟。你瞧,我多么孝顺父母,为他们辛勤劳作,再仔细看看我的羽毛,与鹤也完全不同。”农夫大笑说:“你说的话也许不错;但我只知道,你和这些偷吃种子的鹤一起被捉到,那末你就得和他们一起死。” 这是说物以类聚,人以群分。

人教版初中英语动词不规则变化表(完整版)

人教版初中英语动词不规则变化表(完整版) 不规则动词分为几个类型,每个类型中又分若干组,每组中各词变化形式的共同点,以帮助记忆。 1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型 (1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 (2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 (3)其他 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想

英语常用不规则动词表完整版打印版

英语常用不规则动词正版完整版 一、规则动词的过去式由“动词原形+-ed”构成,具体变化有: 1. 直接在词尾加-ed。如: want—wanted, work—worked, need—needed, clean—cleaned 2. 以不发音的e结尾的在词尾加-d。如:like—liked, live—lived, use—used, move—moved 3. 以一个元音字母加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,先双写结尾的辅音字母,再加-ed。如:stop—stopped, trip—tripped 4. 以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先把y变成i,再加-ed。如:study—studied, carry—carried, hurry—hurried, marry—married 二、不规则动词变化,大体上归纳有以下六条记忆法: 1. 以t结尾的词,过去式与原形相同。如:put—put, let—let, cut—cut, beat—beat 2. 以d结尾的词,把d变成t。如:build—built, lend—lent, send—sent, spend—spent 3. 以n结尾的词,在词后加t。如:mean—meant, burn—burnt, learn—learnt 4. 以ow / aw结尾的词,把ow / aw变成ew。如:blow—blew, draw—drew, know—knew, grow—grew 5. 含有双写字母的词,将双写改为单写,在词尾加t。如:keep—kept, sleep—slept, feel—felt, smell—smelt 6. 含有元音字母o / i的词,将o / i变成a。如:sing—sang, give—gave, sit—sat, drink—drank 1.AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义 bet bet bet betting 赌 broadcast broadcast broadcast ~ 广播.播放.播送 burst burst burst ~ 爆炸.突然发作 cast cast cast 抛 cost cost cost ~ 花费 cut cut cut cutting 割,切 forecast forecast/forecasted forecast/forecasted 预测,预报 hurt hurt hurt ~ 受伤 hit hit hit hitting 打,撞 let let let letting 让 put put put putting 放下 read read read ~ 读 rid rid rid ridding 使摆脱.使去掉 saw sawed sawed / sawn ~ 锯 set set set setting 安排,安置 spread spread spread ~ 展开,传播,涂 spit spat spat spitting 吐痰, shut shut shut shutting 关上.停止营业 split split split splitting 使分裂(成不同的派别),分开,分担,分摊 spread spread spread 传播,扩散,展开,散布quit quit / quitted quit / quitted 放弃

英语不规则动词表

英语不规则动词表 动词原形中文意思过去式过去分词 arise 出现 arose arisen awake 醒来 awoke awaked / awoken baby-sit 临时照顾 baby-sat baby-sat be(am / is / are) 是 was / were been beat 击打 beat beaten become 变成 became become begin 开始 began begun bend 使弯曲 bent bent bet 赌 bet bet bite 咬 bit bitten / bit blow 吹 blew blown break 打破 broke broken bring 拿来 brought brought build 建造 built built burn 燃烧 burnt / burned burnt / burned buy 买 bought bought can 能 could × cast 抛 cast cast catch 捕捉 caught caught choose 选择 chose chosen come 来 came come cost 花费 cost cost cut 割 cut cut deal 分配 dealt dealt dig 挖 dug dug do / does 做 did done draw 画,拉,拖 drew drawn dream 做梦 dreamed / dreamt dreamed / dreamt drink 喝 drank drunk drive 驾驶 drove driven eat 吃 ate eaten fall 掉落 fell fallen feed 喂 fed fed feel 触摸 felt felt fight 作战 fought fought find 找出 found found

不规则动词变化表(含简单背诵方式)

不规则动词表及记忆方法 一、AAA型(原形→原形→原形) 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 read read read 读 cut cut cut 切,割 let let let 让 put put put 放 cost cost cost 花费,值 hit hit hit 撞,击 set set set 安排,安置 hurt hurt hurt 使…伤痛 他安排(set)受撞击(hit)伤痛(hurt)的我读(read)放(put)在那里的书,我把书割(cut)坏了,但他没让(let)我花钱(cost) 二、ABA型(原形→过去式→原形) 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 become became become 成为 come came come 来 run ran run 跑 想成为(become)英语达人就得跑(run)过来(come) 三、ABC型 1. ow →ew →own 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 blow blew blown 吹 draw drew drawn 画 grow grew grown 生长 know knew known 知道 fly flew flown 飞 我知道(know)我有一幅画,上面画(draw)着一课正在生长(grew)却被吹(blow)飞(fly)的蒲公英 2. i→a →u 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 begin began begun 开始 drink drank drunk 喝 sing sang sung 唱 swim swam swum 游泳 ring rang rung 打电话

有个人很喜欢这幅画,于是他开始(begin)打电话(ring)问我要,还请我唱歌(sing)喝酒(drink)游泳(swim) 3. 原形→过去式→过去式+(e)n 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 wear wore worn 穿 forget forgot forgotten 忘记 speak spoke spoken 说 freeze froze frozen 冻 choose chose chosen 选择 我选择(choose)把画给他的那天天气不好,他说(speak):忘记(forget)穿(wear)外套,冻(freeze)得跟狗一样。 4. 原形→过去式→原形+(e)n 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 eat ate eaten 吃 forbid forbade forbidden 禁止 give gave given 给 ride rode ridden 骑 see saw seen 看见 write wrote written 写 fall fell fallen 落下 take took taken 拿 我是骑(ride)车过来见他,他看见(see)我之后拿(take)了吃(eat)的给(give)我,但我却把画落(fall)家里了,于是,他写(write)了一张:禁止(forbid)再忘的纸条给我。 四、ABB型 1. 原形→ought →ought 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 fight fought fought 打架 think thought thought 思考 2. 原形→aught →aught 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思 catch caught caught 捉,抓 teach taught taught 教 3. 变其中一个元音字母 原形过去式过去分词汉语意思

英语不规则动词表(附音标,整理版)

英语不规则动词记忆表 背完此表,英语多考10—20分,1分秒杀1000人!

注意: 第一、lie ,lay 这两个词的过去式过去分词的区别——奉上一则口诀以助记忆: 规则的撒谎,不规则的躺。躺过下蛋,下蛋不规则。 lie 作“撒谎”时,过去式过去分词为lied ,为规则的动词,当译为“躺”时其过去式过去分词为lay 和lain , 是不规则动词。“躺”的过去式lay 还可以译为“下蛋;放置;铺放”,其过去式过去分词为laid 。下的蛋大小不规则。 第二、合成词和复合词的过去式过去分词变化规则:以结尾的这个词的变化为准,比如: understand —understood —understood overdo —overdid —overdone broadcast —broadcast —broadcast undertake —undertook —undertaken withdraw —withdrew —withdrawn outgrow —outgrew--outgrown

第三、动词过去分词过去式的规则变化: 1.一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed,如: work--worked—worked play---played--played want----wanted--wanted act----acted--acted 2.以不发音的-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如: live---lived---lived move----moved----moved taste---tasted--tasted hope---hoped---hoped 3.以辅音字母(除开a, e, i, o, u这五个元音字母,其他的为辅音字母) + y结尾的动词,把-y变为-i再加-ed,如: study----studied--studied copy--copied---copied cry--cried ---cried carry---carried---carried 4.以一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节动词,双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed,如: stop ---stopped---stopped drop---dropped--dropped

常见不规则动词变化表

( 原形→过去式→过去分词)

常见动词用法辨析 (1)“Why not+动词原形+…?”(干嘛不……?)是简略句,完全形式是:Why don’t you+ 动词原形+…?如:Why not go and have a look?(干嘛不去看看?)/ Why not try it once again?(为什么不再试试?) (2) seem(好象)的用法:记住几个结构:①sb./sth. + seem + (to be+)形容词+…; ②sb./sth. + seem + like +…;③sb/sth + seem + to (do);④It seems that + 从句。如:He seemed (to be) very happy when he was called by the headmaster. (被校长叫到名字时他好象很开心) / It seems that nobody else could do such a foolish thing except Jim. (除了吉姆好象没有什么人会做出如此愚蠢的事情 来) (3)be afraid(害怕)的用法:记住几个结构:①be afraid of sth; be afraid of (doing); ②be afraid to (do); ③be afraid that+从句。如:She is a little afraid of snakes.(她有点怕蛇)/ Don’t be so afraid to stay at home alone at night.(别害怕晚上一个人在家)/ I’m afraid that somebody will take his place because of his serious mistakes.(恐怕有人要取代他了,因为他犯了那么大的错误) (4) be sorry(抱歉)的用法:记住几个结构:①be sorry for (sth); ②be sorry for (doing sth); ③be sorry to (do); ④be sorry that+从句。如:I am very sorry for keeping you waiting so long.(不好意思让你久等了)I am sorry to trouble you.(对不起,麻烦你了)/ I am sorry (that) he isn’t here at the moment.(恐怕他现在不在) (5)be sure (确信)的用法:记住几个结构:①be sure of (sth); ②be sure to(do); ③be sure that+从句。如:She told me many times that she was sure to come.(她 给我讲过多次她一定会来的) / Are you sure of your answer?Maybe it’s wrong.(你对你的答案有把握吗?也许是错的。)/ I am sure that Dad will help me with the job.(我确信爸爸会帮着我做这件事情的) (6) make与do的用法:一般情况下表示进行活动或者做工作用do,表示创造建构某事 物用make.如:I don’t know what to do.(我不知道该干什么)/ I’m not going to do any work.(我不准备做什么)/ My father and I once made a boat.(我和我爸曾经做过一只船) 此外还要记住一些固定说法:do good / harm / business / one’s best / a favour……

英语不规则动词表(完整版)

1.规则动词:规则动词的过去分词的构成规则与规则 动词的过去式的构成规则相同。四点变化规则: (1)、一般动词,在词尾直接加“ ed ”。(然而要注意 的是,过去分词并不是过去式); work---worked---worked ,visit---visited---visited (2)、以“ e ”结尾的动词,只在词尾加“ d ”; live---lived---lived , (3)、以“辅音字母 + y ”结尾的动词,将 "y" 变为 "i" , 再加“ ed ”; study---studied---studied ,cry---cried---cried 除了a、e、i、o、u,其余都是辅音: b、c、d、f、g、h、j、k、l、m、n、p、q、r、s、 t、v、w、x、y、z (4)、重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双 写该辅音字母,再加“ ed ”。 stop---stopped---stopped , drop---dropped-- dropped 单元音: [i:][i][e][?][a:][?] [?:][u][u:] [?][?:][?] 双元音: [ei][ai][?i][?u] [au][i?][ε?][u?] 辅音: [p][b][t][d] [k][g][f][v] [s][z][θ][δ] [∫] [з][t∫][dз] [tr] [dr] [ts] [dz] [m][n][?][h] [l][r][w][j] 2.不规则动词表(如下) 一、A—A—A型,即原形、过去式和过去分词三 者都相同。(共7个) cost—cost—cost cut—cut—cut hit—hit—hit hurt—hurt—hurt let—let—let put—put—put read— read—read 二、A—B—B型,即过去式、过去分词相同。 (共41个) 1.过去式和过去分词都含有 -ought。(4个)bring—brought—brought buy—bought—bought think—thought—thought fight-fought-fought 2.词尾有-ild,-end时,只需把d变为t。(4个) build—built—built lend—lent— lent send—sent—sent spend—spent— spent 3.过去式、过去分词都含有 -aught。(2个) catch—caught—caught teach—taught—taught 4.把-eep变为-ept。(3个) keep—kept—kept sleep—slept—slept sweep— swept—swept 5.把-ell变为-old。(2个) tell—told—told sell—sold—sold 6.过去式、过去分词都含有-elt或-ilt。(4个) smell—smelt—smelt spell—spelt—spelt feel—felt— felt spill—spilt—spilt 7.过去式、过去分词都在原形词尾加t。(3个) learn—learnt—learnt mean—meant—meant spoil—spoilt—spoilt 8.过去式、过去分词词尾去y变-id(4个) say—said—said pay—paid—paid lay—laid—laid hear—heard—heard 9.改变元音字母。(11个) meet—met—met get—got—got sit—sat—sat find—found—found hold—held—held spit—spat— spat shine—shone—shone win—won—won hang—hung—hung dig— dug—dug lose—lost—lost 10.改变辅音字母。(1个) make—made—made 11.改变元、辅音字母。(4个) leave—left—left stand—stood—stood have(has)— had—had understand—understood—understood 三、A—B—C型,即原形、过去式、过去分词都 不相同。(共35个) 1.i—a—u变化。(6个) begin—began—begun drink—drank—drunk sing— sang—sung ring—rang—rung swim—swam—swum sink— sank—sunk 2.词尾为-ow,-aw时,过去式将其变为-ew,过 去分词在其原形后加n。(5个) blow—blew—blown draw—drew—drawn grow— grew—grown know—knew—known throw—threw—thrown(show除外) 3.词尾为“i+辅(1个)+e”,过去式将i变为o, 过去分词多在原形后加n,若那个辅音字母为d或t, 须双写d或t后加n。(4个)(give,hide除外)drive—drove—driven write—wrote—written ride— rode—ridden rise—rose—risen 4.过去分词在过去式后加(e)n。(5个) break—broke—broken choose—chose—chosen freeze—froze—frozen speak—spoke—spoken wake—woke— woken 5.过去分词由过去式加-ten构成。(1个) forget—forgot—forgotten 6.过去分词由原形加(e)n构成。(6个) be—was(were)—been eat—ate—eaten fall—fell—fallen give—gave—given see—saw—seen hide—hid—hidden(hid)

(完整word版)小学英语常用不规则动词变化表

小学英语常用不规则动词变化表 1、A-A-A型变化 动词原形过去式过去分词意思beat beat beat 打 cost cost cost 花费cut cut cut 切 hit hit hit 打 hurt hurt hurt 受伤 let let let 让 put put put 放下read read read 读 2、A-B-B型 动词原形过去式过去分词意思bring brought brought 带来 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 buy bought bought 买 catch caught caught 抓住 feel felt felt 感觉 find found found 发现 have had had 有 hear heard heard 听见 keep kept kept 保持learn learned learned 学习leave left left 离开mean meant meant 含义meet met met 遇见 pay paid paid 付钱 say said said 说 sleep slept slept 睡觉smell smelt smelt 嗅,闻stand stood stood 站 sweep swept swept 扫 teach taught taught 教 think thought thought 思考

3、A-B-C型 动词原形过去式过去分词意思 be(am,is) was been 是 be(are) were been 是begin began begun 开始blow blew blown 吹choose chose chosen 选择 do did done 做 draw drew drawn 绘画drink drank drunk 喝 drive drove driven 驾驶 eat ate eaten 吃 fall fell fallen 落下forget forgot forgotten 忘记 get got gotten 得到give gave given 给 go went gone 去 grow grew grown 生长know knew known 知道make made made 制造ride rode ridden 骑 see saw seen 看见 展示show showed showed/ shown sing sang sung 唱 sink sank sunk 沉 sit sat sitten 坐下speak spoke spoken 说话speak spoke spoken 说话swim swam swum 游泳take took taken 拿,拍摄wear wore worn 穿 write wrote written 写

大学英语不规则动词变化表

不规则动词变化表 不定式(Infinitive)过去式(Past Tense)过去分词(Past Participle) abide 居住abode, abided abode, abided alight 下车alighted, alit alighted, alit arise arose arisen awake 唤醒awoke/awaked awoken, awaked be 是was, were been bear 忍受bore borne, born(生,用于被动语态) beat 击打beat beaten become 变成became become befall 发生befell befallen beget 引起begot begotten, begot begin 开始began begun behold 注意看beheld beheld bend 鞠躬bent bent bereave 剥夺bereaved, bereft bereaved, bereft beseech 乞求besought, beseeched besought, beseeched beset 围攻beset beset bespeak 预约bespoke bespoken, bespoke bespread 铺盖bespread bespread bestrew 散放bestrewed bestrewed, bestrewn bestride 跨坐bestrode bestridden, bestrid, bestrode bet 打赌bet, betted bet, betted betake 前往betook betaken bethink 想起bethought bethought bid 出价bade, bid bidden, bid bide 忍受bode, bided bided bind 绑bound bound bite 咬bit Bitten(偶作bit) bleed 流血bled bled blend 混合blended, blent blended, blent bless 祝福blessed, blest blessed, blest blow 吹blew blown break 断开broke broken breed 产生bred bred bring 带来brought brought broadcast 广播broadcast, broadcasted broadcast, broadcasted browbeat 严斥browbeat browbeaten build 建筑built built burn 燃烧burnt, burned burnt, burned

初中英语动词不规则变化表(完整版)

人教版初中英语动词不规则变化表不规则动词分为几个类型,每个类型中又分若干组, 每组中各词变化形式的共同点,以帮助记忆。 1. A---A---A型(现在式、过去式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 cost cost cost 花费 cut cut cut 割,切 hit hit hit 打 let let let 让 put put put 放下 read read read 读 hurt hurt hurt 伤 2. A---A---B型(现在式和过去式同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 beat beat beaten 打 3. A---B---A型(现在式和过去分词同形) 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 come came come 来 become became become 变 run ran run 跑 4. A ---B ---B型 (1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d或t构成过去式或过去分词。

动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 burn burnt burnt 燃烧 learn learned/learnt learned/learnt 学习 mean meant meant 意思 hear heard heard 听见 (2)把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 build built built 建筑 lend lent lent 借给 lose lost lost 失去 send sent sent 送 spend spent spent 花费 (3)其他 动词原形(现在式)过去式过去分词 pay paid paid 付 lay laid laid 下蛋 say said said 说 bring brought brought 带来 buy bought bought 买 think thought thought 想

高考英语常用不规则动词变化表

常用不规则动词表 1.AAA 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义broadcast broadcast broadcast ~ 广播.播放.播送burst burst burst ~ 爆炸.突然发作cost cost cost ~ 花费 cut cut cut cutting 割,切hurt hurt hurt ~ 受伤 hit hit hit hitting 打,撞 let let let letting 让 put put put putting 放下 read read read ~ 读 rid rid/ridded rid/ridded ridding 使摆脱.使去掉set set set setting 安排,安置spread spread spread ~ 展开,传播,涂spit spit/spat spit/spat spitting 吐痰, shut shut shut shutting 关上.停止营业

2.AAB 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义beat beat beaten ~ 打败 3.ABA 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义become became become becoming 变 come came come coming 来 run ran run running 跑overcome overcame overcome overcoming 克服.战胜.征服 4.ABB (1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed构成过去式或过去分词。 动词原形过去式过去分词现在分词词义burn burnt/burned burnt/burned ~ 燃烧 deal dealt dealt ~ 解决.处理.分配dream reamed/dreamt dreamed/dreamt ~ 做梦 hear heard heard ~ 听见.听说

(完整版)动词过去式不规则变化表(初中)

动词过去式、过去分词不规则变化 1、ABC型 be(am,is,are)-------was/were-------been (是) bear-------bore-------born (出生)begin-------began-------begun (开始) blow-------blew-------blown (吹) break-------broke-------broken (打破)choose-------chose-------chosen (选择) do-------did-------done (做) draw-------drew-------drawn (画画) drink-------drank-------drunk (喝) drive-------drove-------driven (驾驶) eat-------ate-------eaten (吃) fall-------fell-------fallen (掉,落下)fly-------flew-------flow (飞) forget-------forgot-------forgotten (忘记)forgive-------forgave-------forgiven (原谅)freeze-------froze-------frozen (使冻冰)give-------gave-------given (给) get-------got-------gotten (got) (得到)go-------went-------gone (去) grow-------grew-------grown (生长,种植)hide-------hid-------hidden (隐藏)know-------knew-------known (知道) lie-------lay-------lain (躺,座落于)mistake-------mistook-------mistaken (犯错)ride-------rode-------ridden (骑) ring-------rang-------rung (打电话)rise-------rose-------risen (升起) see-------saw-------seen (看见)shake-------shook-------shaken (摇动)show-------showed-------shown (展示)sing-------sang-------sung (唱歌)sink-------sank-------sunk (沉没)speak-------spoke-------spoken (说)steal-------stole-------stolen (偷)swim-------swam-------swum (游泳)take-------took-------taken (带走)throw-------threw-------thrown (扔)wake-------woke-------woken (叫醒)wear-------wore-------worn (穿着)

高考英语动词不规则变化表

不定式过去式过去分词基本意义bend bent bent使变曲 bring brought brought带来;引起;产生buy bought bought购买;采购catch caught caught接住;抓住;赶上;染上deal dealt dealt分配;分给 dig dug dug挖(土);掘地feel felt felt触摸(某物);感觉到fight fought fought搏斗;奋斗;斗争;find found found发现;找到; get got got/gotten收到;接到;得到;成为have had had有;吃;喝;进行;经受hear heard heard听见;听说;得知hold held held拿住;抓住;抱;举行keep kept kept留下;保留;继续lay laid laid放置;产(卵)leave left left离开;把……留下;剩下 learn learnt learned learnt learned 学;学习;获悉;得知 lend lent lent借出;借给

lose lost lost失去;丧失;损失 make made made做;制作;制造;使得meet met met遇见;碰见;相遇babysit babysat babysat照顾婴儿 pay paid paid付钱;给……报酬 say said said说,讲 sell sold sold卖;销售 shine shone shone发光;照耀;照射 sit sat sat坐;就座 sleep slept slept睡,睡觉;睡着 smell smelt smelt闻出;嗅;发出气味spend spent spent用(钱);花(时间);度过stand stood stood站立;直立;位于;经受teach taught taught教,教授;传授 tell told told告诉;讲述;吩咐 think thought thought想,思考,认为understand understood understood懂;理解;领会win won won赢;获胜;赢得,获得build built built建筑,建造 feed fed fed喂养 hang hung hung悬挂,吊 sweep swept swept打扫

常用不规则动词变化表

小学英语 不规则动词变化表 词义现在(原形)过去-ing形(动名词)是am (be ) was being 是are (be) were being 是be was, were being 成为become became becoming 开始begin began beginning 弯曲bend bent bending 吹blow blew blowing 买buy bought buying 能can could --------

捕捉catch caught catching 选择choose chose choosing 来come came coming 切cut cut cutting 做do, does did doing 画draw drew drawing 饮drink drank drinking 吃eat ate eating 感觉fee l felt feeling 发现find found finding 飞fly flew flying

忘记forget forgot forgetting 得到get got getting 给give gave giving 走go went going 成长grow grew growing 有have, has had having 听hear heard hearing 受伤hurt hurt hurting 保持keep kept keeping 知道know knew knowing 学习learn learned, learnt learning

允许,让let let letting 躺lie lay lying 制造make made making 可以may might ----- 意味mean meant meaning 会见meet met meeting 必须must must ----- 放置put put putting 读read read reading 骑、乘ride rode riding 响、鸣ring rang ringing

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