同位语从句练习（2）2020/02/14
单句语法填空:
1.It’s not necessary to explain the truth_________ wherever there are air, water and sunlight,there are living things.
2.Word has come ________some visitors will come for a visit to our school next week.
3.We have some doubt__________they can complete the task on time.
4.There is a possibility__________wet weather will continue for a few more days.
5.The news__________they won the game soon spread over the whole school.
6.He often asked me the question__________the work was worth doing.
7.I have no idea__________he comes from.
8.There is still some doubt__________they will go to America for their holidays this week,but there is no doubt__________they will go there on May Day.
9.The fact has worried many scientists__________the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.
10.Nobody has the idea__________the meeting will begin.
11.I have no idea__________the project will be finished.
12.He gave us many suggestions__________we get up earlier and take more exercise.
13.The fact__________she had not said anything surprised all of us.
14.Evidence has been found through years of study _________children's early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up.
15.Can you find the answer to the question__________was wrong with the computer?
16.A warm thought suddenly came to me__________I might buy some flowers for my friend’s mother’s 60th birthday.
17.News came__________he had succeeded in his scientific research.
18.Most importantly, you should always hold the belief__________you are sure to succeed as long as you keep your direction all the time.
单句改错:
1.News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University.
2.There is evidence which acupuncture began during the Stone Age.
3.There is no doubt if Taiwan belongs to China.
4.The fact which students don’t like her lessons is clear.
5.I’ve come with a message from Mr Wang how he won’t be able to see you this afternoon.
6.One of the men held the opinion when what the book said was right.
7.There is a popular belief among parents who schools don’t pay any attention to handwriting.
8.The reason why I burst into tears is because I don’t want to part with my mother.
9.The reason for her preference for city life is why it’s convenient for her to go shopping.
10.The last time we had great fun was that we were visiting the Jinan Baihua Park.
11.The reason why he was killed was because he had a lot of money.
12.But the good news is anyone can overcome shyness quite easily.
13.One reason for her preference for city life is because she can go to shops and restaurants.
14.A ship in harbour is safe ,but that is not why ships are built for.
15.The best time for Mark Twain was that he worked on the Mississippi.
16.What I am worried about is that when we can set out to climb the hill.
语法填空:
1.阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I have been working as a language ①__________(teach) in Northern Spain for months. While I have enjoyed ①__________(talk) about culture in the UK, I have noticed that ①__________great number of Spanish people seem to think the UK has only one place to visit—London!
While of course London is our capital city and a good place to visit, I hold the opinion ①__________it is a big grey city with too many people. ①__________(actual) there are lots of other beautiful places to visit in my country, which also have impressive historical or architectural(建筑的) features.
My home in the UK is in the historical city of Chester. We have city walls circling the city centre! Most of the buildings in the city centre ①__________(build) in the 1300s. It is a very popular city among tourists ①__________want to see historical sites! Other ①__________(beauty) places to visit in the UK include York, Bath, Cornwalll, the Lake District… The list goes on!
①__________is a pity that many tourists just stay in London and don’t explore anywhere else. If you get the chance ①__________(visit) the UK, you might like to be a little bit more adventurous and travel outside of our capital city.
短文改错:
Recently, we’ve learned the news what our English teacher is retiring next month. Heard the news, we felt really down and couldn’t help thought of our days together. In our eyes, she is not only a teacher, but also one of our closely friends. During the past three years, we had all grown into hard-working and active learners under her guidance. She has taught us a lot of English knowledges and how be a good citizen. Whenever we had problems, she was always the one we were turned to for advice and help.
We wish her good lucky and happiness in his life after retirement.
参考答案
单句语法填空：
答案：1、
解析：句意:凡是有空气、水和阳光的地方就有生命,这是一个不用解释的真理。考查同位语从句。the truth后面所跟的从句是同位语从句,用来说明其内容,用that 引导,同位语从句中又包含一个wherever引导的状语从句。
答案：2、
3.答案：whether
4.答案：that
5.答案：that
6.答案：whether
7.答案：where
8.答案：whether; that
9.答案：that
解析：考查间隔式同位语从句的用法。本题中先行词是the fact,空后的句子是fact 的内容,故用that引导同位语从句。本题中the fact和that引导的同位语从句中间隔了谓语部分,这种同位语从句叫间隔式同位语从句。
10.答案：when/why
11.答案：when
12.答案：that
13.答案：that
答案：14、
解析：句意:通过几年的研究,有关孩提时出现的睡眠问题长大后可能会依然存在的证据已经被找到。本题考查同位语从句。“children’s early sleeping problems are likely to continue when they grow up” 为同位语从句,说明evidence 的内容,用that 引导。
15.答案：what
16.答案：that
解析：句意:我突然有了一个很温馨的想法,我可以为我朋友的母亲的60大寿买些鲜花。设空处引导的是同位语从句,说明thought的内容,从句不缺少成分,意思完整,所以要用that引导。
17.答案：that
18.答案：that
解析：句意:最重要的是,你应该总是持有这种信念,只要你一直坚持你的方向就一定会成功。设空处引导的是同位语从句.该从句不缺内容,结构完整,应该用that引导。
单句改错：
1、school后加that
解析：Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University为news的同位语从句,应用that引导,that在此处不可省略。
2.答案：把which改为that
3.答案：There is no doubt
if
that
Taiwan belongs to China4.答案：
which→that
5.答案：how→that
6.答案：when→that
7.答案：There is a popular belief among parents who
that
schools don’t pay any attention
to handwriting.
8.答案：The reason why I like the dictionary is because
that
it is useful for my work.
9.答案：The reason for her preference for city life is why
that
it’s convenient for her to
go shopping.
10.答案：
The last time we had great fun was that
when
we were visiting the Jinan Baihua Park.
解析：
11.答案：The reason why he was killed was because
that
he had a lot of money.
12.答案：But the good news is·that anyone can overcome shyness quite easily.
13.答案：One reason for her preference for city life is because
that
she can go to shops
and restaurants.
14.答案：A ship in harbour is safe ,but that is not why
what
ships are built for.
15.答案：The best time for Mark Twain was that
when
he worked on the Mississippi.
16.答案：What I am worried about is that when we can set out to climb the hill.
语法填空：
1.答案：teacher; talking; a; that; Actually; were built; who/that; beautiful; It; to visit 解析：
1.由设空前的a language可知,在此应填名词,a language teacher“语言教师”,故填teacher。
2.句意:我喜欢讨论美国的文化。enjoy doing sth.意为”喜欢做某事“。故填talking。
3.句意:我注意到许多西班牙人似乎认为应该只有一个地方可以访问——伦敦。a great number of意为“许多”,固定搭配。故填a。
4.句意:我持有的观点是这是一个有许多人的城市。这里的名词opinion是特指,后面跟的同位语从句是opinion的内容,故填that。
5.句意:事实上,我的国家还有许多其他漂亮的地方。修饰整个句子要用副词,再根据括号内的单词提示,所以要用actually,所填词在句首,首字母要大写。故填Actually。
6.根据in the 1300s 可知,是一般过去时,Most of the buildings 与build 是被动关系,用被动语态,故填were built 。
7.此处是限制性定语从句,要填引导词,先行词是tourists,指人,且在从句中作主语。用who/that 。故填who/that 。
8.形容词修饰名词,故填beautiful 。
9.设空处作形式主语,真正的主语是that 从句;因在句首,故首字母大写。故填It 。
10.句意:如果你得到机会去英国。get the chance to do sth.是固定短语意为“有机会做某事”。故填to visit 。
短文改错：
Recently, we’ve learned the news
t ?what hat our English teacher is retiring next month. Heard Hearding the news, we felt really down and couldn’t help thought thinking
of our days together. In our eyes, she is not only a teacher, but also one of our
closely close friends. During the past three years, we had have
all grown into hard -working and active learners under her guidance. She has taught us a lot of English
knowledges knowledge and how to
be a good citizen. Whenever we had problems, she was always the one we were turned to for advice and help.
We wish her good
lucky luck and happiness in his her
life after retirement. 解析：
① what 改为that 。考査名词性从句。分析句子结构可知,此处引导同位语从句,解释说明news 的内容,且从句中不缺成分,故用that 连接。
① Heard 改为Hearing 。考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知, hear 和we 是逻辑
上的主谓关系,故把Heard改为Hearing。
①thought改为thinking。考査固定短语。此处考查固定短语couldn’t help doing sth."忍不住做某事"。故把thought改为thinking。
①closely改为close。考査形容词。她不仅是一位老师,还是我们的一个亲密的朋友。这里表示亲密的朋友,故用形容词close。
①had改为have。考查动词的时态。根据前面的时间状语During the past three years 可知,此处应用现在完成时,故把had改为have。
①knowledges改为knowledge。考査名词的单复数。knowledge是不可数名词,没有复数形式。
①how后加to。考査非谓语动词。根据语境可知,此处表示如何成为一名好公民,故how后接动词不定式。
①删除we后的were。考查动词的语态。此处turned和主语we是主动关系,故删除were。
①lucky改为luck。考查固定用法。wish sb. sth.”祝愿某人某事”为固定用法。
①his改为her。考査代词。根据前面的"her"可知,此处指的是女老师。故把his 改为her。
同位语从句讲解与练习 1定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句，用以解释说明某一名词内容和实质的从句。 2.连接词：that, whether, why, who, where, how, when等。引导同位语从句时一般都不省略。if一般不引导同位语从句that, whether不作成分，whether表示“是否” E.g. They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句，在句中作成分。 E.g. The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 We haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 3.可跟同位语从句的名词或短语 不是所有的名词都可以跟同位语从句，常可以被同位语从句修饰的名词有： belief doubt explanation hope idea news opinion possibility statement thought wish truth fact question promise problem reply report suggestion advice fear warning understanding feeling rumor certainty probability on condition on the understanding with the exception in spite of the fact E.g. Daniel will be allowed to make a trip to China on condition that he gets an A in all his school subjects. 4同位语从句与定语从句的区别 1）that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别 句法功能上 that引导的同位语从句that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。在从句中不充当句子成分。不可省。 that引导的定语从句that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用，还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 同位语从句是被修饰名词的内容。定语从句起限定作用，是定语。 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。 The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2）wh-类词引导的两种从句的区别 who, whom, whose, when, where, why 引导定语从句，它们分别指前面先行词所表示的人、物、时间、地点、原因，否则为同位语从句。在同位语从句中，wh-类词表示疑问。
高中英语从句总结 1）主语从句 1.定义：用作主语的从句叫做主语从句。 2.构成：关联词+简单句 3.引导主语从句的关联词有三类： （1）从属连词that.如：That they were in truth sisters was clear from the facial resemblance between them. 很明显，她们确是亲姐妹，她们的脸型很相似。 （2）从属连词whether.如： Whether he’ll come here isn’t clear.他是否会来这里还不清楚。 （3）连接代词who，whom，whose，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever 连接副词 where，when，how，why.如： What she did is not yet known.她干了什么尚不清楚。 How this happened is not clear to anyone.这事怎样发生的，谁也不清楚。 Whoever comes is welcome.不论谁来都欢迎。 Wherever you are is my home —— my only home.你所在的任何地方就是我的家——我唯一的家。 解释： 1.主语从句能用it作形式上的主语。常以it作形式主语的句型有： +be+形容词（obvious，true，natural，surprising，good，wonderful，funny，possible，likely，certain，probable，etc.）+that从句。如： It is certain that she will do well in her exam.毫无疑问她考试成绩会很好。 It is probable that he told her everything.很可能他把一切都告诉她了。 +be+名词词组（no wonder，an honor，a good thing，a pity，no surprise，etc.）+that从句。如： It’s a pity that we can’t go.很遗憾我们不能去。 It’s no surprise that our team should have won the game.我们没赢这场比赛真意外。 +be+过去分词（said，reported，thought，expected，decided，announced，arranged，etc.）+that从句。如： It is said that has arrived in Beijing.据说格林先生已经到了北京。 It is reported that China has sent another man-made earth satellite into orbit. 据报道中国又成功地发射了一颗人造地球卫星。 +seem，happen等不及物动词及短语+that从句。如： It seems that Alice is not coming to the party at 似乎不来参加晚会。 It happened that I was out that day.碰巧我那天外出了。 +doesn’t matter（makes no difference，etc.）+连接代词或连接副词引起的主语从句。如： It doesn’t matter whether she will come or not.她是否来这无关紧要。 It makes no difference where we shall have the meeting.我们在哪里开会毫无区别。
教案7.21 定语从句详细讲解 一、定义及相关术语 1．定语从句：修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。 2．先行词：被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词。 3．关系词：引导定语从句的词叫关系词。 关系词有关系代词和关系副词。关系代词有that, which, who, whom, whose, as等；关系副词有when, where, why等。关系词通常有下列三个作用： A.引导定语从句； B.代替先行词； C.在定语从句中担当一个成分。 The man who is shaking hands with my father is a policeman. 该句中，who is shaking hands with my father 是定语从句，修饰先行词the man，“who”是引导定语从句的关系词，代替先行词the man，在定语从句中作主语。 二、关系代词引导的定语从句 1．who指人，在定语从句中作主语。 The boys who are playing football are from Class One. 正在踢足球的男孩是一班的。Those who want to go to the museum must be at the school gate at 7 tomorrow morning. 想去博物馆的人必须在明晨7点到大门口集合。 Yesterday I helped an old man who had lost his way. 昨天我帮助了一位迷路的老人。That is the teacher who teaches us physics. 那就是教我们物理的老师。2．whom 指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。 Mr Liu is the person ( whom ) you talked about on the bus. 先生就是你们在公共汽车上谈论的那个人。 Li Ming is just the boy ( whom ) I want to see. 明正是我想要见的男孩。 The professor ( whom ) you are waiting for has come. 你正在等的教授已经来了。 The girl ( whom ) the teacher often praises is our monitor. 老师经常表扬的那个女孩是我们的班长。 注意：关系代词whom 在口语或非正式文体中常可用who 来代替，也可省略。 The man ( whom / who )you met just now is my old friend.
同位语从句 ◆◆◆辨认同位语从句 在复合句中充当同位语的名词性从句称为同位语从句。一个名词（或其它形式）对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词（或其它形式）就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr. Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2. 短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多利早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 ◆◆◆同位语从句用法 一、同位语从句一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 ①可以跟同位语从句的抽象名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。（承诺信息主意是事实；疑问想法与问题；希望消息建议是潜力。） I’ve come from Mr. Wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 ②在某些名词表“建议，命令，要求等”(如demand, wish, suggestion, resolution等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气（即should+动词原形；should可省） There was a suggestion that Brown should be dropped from the team. 有一项建议是布朗应该离队。 ③同位语从句前名词的数：同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词(word除外)加以修饰。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come？你在哪儿听说我不能来？ 二、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether,连接代词what，who。连接副词how, when, where等。（注：if, which 不能引导同位语从句。） 1. 连词that引导同位语从句（注：引导同位语从句的that不能省略） The idea that you can do this work well without thinking is quite wrong.你认为不动脑筋就能做好这件工作的想法是完全错误的。（作idea的同位语） 【注意】引导同位语从句的连词that通常不省略，但在非正式文体中也可以省去。 He grabbed his suitcase and gave the impression he was boarding the Tokyo plane. 他拿起了手提箱，给人的印象是他要登上飞往东京的飞机了。 2. 连词whether引导同位语从句（注：if不能引导同位语从句）
同位语从句与定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句与定语从句很相似,但还就是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1、从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能就是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词,而定语从句的先行词可以就是名词、代词、主句的一部分或就是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed、人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting、我们正在调查的问题不就是她就是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad、据说她已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy、我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room、您找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study、她妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助她的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2、从性质上区别 定语从句就是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句就是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明与解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如:
高考英语最可能考的同位语从句 英语中有两类从句所修饰的名词可以叫“先行词”，一类是定语从句，一类是同位语从句。同学们知道，定语从句所修饰的先行词数量很多，单是指人和指物的名词就有千千万万个，但英语中的同位语从句则不同，它所修饰的先行词非常有限，中学英语中最常用的可能只有几十个，并且高考可能重点的考查只有十几个： 1. chance 可能性 chance后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某事发生的可能性。如： I think that there is every chance that you will succeed. Do you think there’s any chance that you could get a job in Paris 2. doubt 怀疑 doubt后接that引导的同位语从句，表示对某事的怀疑。如： There is no doubt that the world is getting warmer. There’s no doubt that one day a cure will be found. 3. fact 事实 fact后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个事实的具体内容。如： The fact that something is cheap doesn’t necessarily mean it’s of low quality. The fact that the money has gone does not mean it was stolen. In spite of the fact that hotel prices have risen sharply, the number of tourists is as great as ever. 4. evidence证据 evidence后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个证据的具体内容。如： Do you have evidence that this treatment works Is there any scientific evidence that a person's character is reflected in their handwriting 5. hope希望 hope后接that引导的同位语从句，表示希望的具体内容。如： Is there any hope that they will be home in time The President has expressed the hope that relations will improve. 6. idea 想法 idea后接that引导的同位语从句，表示某个想法的具体内容。如： It’s based on the idea that all people are created equal. Where did you get the idea that she doesn’t like you
高中英语同位语从句讲解及练习 同位语从句讲义及练习 一、理解同位语从句的含义，把握同位语从句的实质 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that, whether，what, which, who, when, where, why, how 等词引导，常放在fact, news, idea, truth, hope, problem, information, wish,promise, answer, evidence, report, explanation, suggestion, conclusion等抽象名词后面，说明该名词的具体内容。换言之，同位语从句和所修饰的名词在内容上 为同一关系，对其内容作进一步说明。 例：The news that they had won the game soon spread over the whole school.他们比赛获胜的消息很快传遍了整个学校。 析：they had won the game说明The news的全部内容，因此该句为同位语从句。 二、正确运用同位语从句的引导词，准确把握同位语从句 1.如同位语从句意义完整，应用that引导同位语从句。（即that 不充当任何成分，只起连接作用，不可省略） 例：The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once.将军下达了战士们立即过河的命令。 析：the soldiers should cross the river at once是the order的全部内容，且意义完整，因此应用that引导同位语从句。 2.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"是否"的含义，应用whe】ther 引导同位语从句。（if不能引导同位语从句） 例：We'll discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.我们将讨论运动会是否会如期举行的问题。 析：the sports meeting will be held on time意义不完整，应加"是否"的含义才能表达the problem的全部内容，因此应用whether引导同位语从句。 3.如同位语从句意义不完整，需增加"什么时候"、"什么地点"、"什么方式"等含义，应用when, where, how等词引导同位语从句。 例1：I have no idea when he will be back.
同位语从句讲解与练习． 同位语从句讲解与练习 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact,
news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that
Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether 引导。如：I have no idea whether he'll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语 从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。． We haven't yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个 问题我们还没有决定。
同位语从句讲义 1．定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2.用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词。如： They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。 Where did you get the idea that I could not come?你在哪儿听说我不能来？ Early in the day came the news that Germany had declared war on Russia.德国已对俄国宣战的消息一大早就传来了。 注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。如：I have no idea whether he’ll come or not.我不知道他是否来。 连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where,when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。 The question who should do the work requires consideration.谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。 W e haven’t yet settled the question where we are going to spend our summer vacation.到哪儿去度暑假，这个问题我们还没有决定。 It is a question how he did it.那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。 1．that引导的同位语从句与定语从句之区别? that引导的同位语从句 that引导的定语从句 句法功能上 that只起连接从句的作用，无意义。 在从句中不充当句子成分。 不可省。 that替代先行词在从句中不仅起连接作用， 还充当一个句子成分。如在从句中作 动词的宾语时可省略。 意义上 从句是被修饰名词的内容。 从句起限定作用，是定语 如： The news that Mr. Li will be our new English teacher is true. (同位语从句，that不可省) 李先生将是我们的新英语老师这个消息是真的。The news (that) he told me yesterday is true. (定语从句，that在从句中作的宾语，可省)他昨天告诉我的消息是真的。 2．一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。如：This is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible.这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。 同位语从句 是名词性从句(主语从句、表语从句、宾语从句、同位语从句)中的主要从句之一，从句作同位语表示与之同位的名词(短语)的实际内容，它的作用相当于名词，对前面的名词(短语)加以补充说明或进一步解释，相当于一个表语从句，它们之间的关系是同位关系，即主表关系。 详细信息一个名词(或其它形式)对另一个名词或代词进行修饰，限定或说明，这个名词(或其它形式)就是同位语。同位语与被它限定的词的格要一致，并常常紧挨在一起。 1. 名词作同位语 Mr Wang, my child’s teacher, will be visiting us on Tuesday.王先生，我孩子的老师，星期二要来看我们。 2.短语作同位语 I, the oldest girl in the family, always had to care for the other children.我，作为家里最大的女孩，老得照料家中的其他孩子。 3. 直接引语作同位语 But now the question comes to their minds, “Did she die young because she was a clone?”但是现在他们不得不思考这样的问题：“多莉早死是因为它是一只克隆羊吗？” 4. 句子作同位语 The girls were surprised at the fact that ocean ships can sail up the Great lakes.巨大的海轮可以开到五大湖，让表姐妹俩感到吃惊。 同位语从句用法同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定" 一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。它一般跟在某些名词后面，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。 I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息。 二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有news，idea，fact，promise，question，doubt，thought，hope，message，suggestion，words（消息），possibility等。 I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon．我从王先生那里来，他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了。 三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词that，whether，连接副词how,when,where等。（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句。） He must answer the question whether he agrees to it or not. 他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题。
同位语从句 一．同位语 同位语：跟在名词或代词后，与之表达同一内容；通常由名词、名词性短语等担任。 （A=B：两项所指相同） e.g 我知道奥巴马，美国的总统。 I know Obama, the president of United States. （Obama与the president of US同一个人）我们应该从过去当中学习，它是现在的一面镜子和将来的希望。 We should learn from the past, the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. The future belongs to you, young people. 未来是属于你们年轻人的。(you=young people) (实质是句中两个成分相等) 二．同位语从句 1.（1）概念：由一个句子来充当同位语。 e.g 我知道这个事实，奥巴马是美国的总统。 I know the fact that Obama is the president of United States. (the fact就是指的是奥巴马是美国总统) We should learn from the truth that the past is the mirror of the present and the hope of the future. （2）与从句同位的名词通常为抽象名词： fact, truth, Idea, thought, belief, hope, doubt, rumour, question, answer, reply, news, , order (有些抽象名词本身带有“疑问”的含义，如question, doubt) 2. 构成： （------先造3个简单的句子，He is a student.(陈述句) Is he a student?（一般疑问句）Who is a student?(特殊疑问句) 同位语从句(连词)不是与前面的抽象名词有关，连词取决于后面从句是什么样的形式； （I know the fact he is a student. ） （1）如果从句是陈述句，连词用that e.g I know the fact that he is a student. 我听到了这个消息，他离开了我们。 I heard the news that he left us. The general gave the order that the soldiers should cross the river at once. 将军下达了命令战士们应该立即过河。 We are delighted at the news that we are going to spend our summer vacation in Hawaii. 我们非常高兴听到这个消息，我们将在夏威夷度过我们的暑假。 The fact that he had not said anything surprised everybody． 他什么都没说，这个事实让大家很吃惊。 结论：that在从句中不做成分，并且没有含义 （2）如果从句是一般疑问句，连词用whether, 再把一般疑问句变陈述句语序
定语从句与同位语从句的区分 一、定语从句相当于一个形容词, 它对先行词起修饰、描述和限制的作用。同位语从句相当于名词，属于名词性从句，它是对前面名词内容的具体表述，它们之间的关系是同位关系。试比较： The news that you heard is not true. 你听到的那个消息不是真的。（定语从句） The news that he has died is true. 他已经去世的消息是真的。（同位语从句，说明了news 的具体内容，即he has died） 二、同位语从句常跟在news, fact, promise, idea, word, message, hope, truth, answer, proposal, suggestion, order, information 等少数名词之后，而一般名词之后都可跟定语从句。如： The suggestion that the new rule be adopted came from the chairman. 采纳新规则的建议是主席提出的。 He didn\\'t give the answer why he was late. 他没回答他为什么迟到这个问题。（同位语从句） Then rose a question where we should go. 于是产生了一个问题：我们该到哪里去？（同位语从句） 三、that 在定语从句中充当某一成分, 是关系代词; that 在同位语从句中不作任何成分，仅把主句与从句连接在一起，是从属连词。如： The fact that just now you talked about interests me. 你们刚才谈论的事情使我感兴趣。（定语从句） The fact that he failed in the exam made his parents very angry. 他考试没及格这个事实使他的父母很生气。（同位语从句） 四、when, where, why, how, who, whom, which 如果引导定语从句, 它们分别指前面先行词所表示的时间、地点、原因、方式、人和物，否则引导的就是同位语从句。试比较：
Grammar—appositive clauses＆predicative clauses 名词性从句之同位语＆表语从句 同位语从句： I.明确概念与特征： 1. 同位语从句常放在名词之后，用来补充说明名词的具体内容。常用来接同位语从句的名词有news, idea, promise, question, doubt, wonder, fact, hope, wish, suggestion, advice, possibility, message, word, belief, information等。常用来引导同位语从句的连词有that, what, who, whether以及连接副词where, when, why, how 等。如： The news that their children couldn’t come back on time worried all the parents. I had no idea when the storm would end. 2. 不过有时候为了保持句子结构平衡，同位语从句也不一定直接放在名词后，而会出现隔离情况。如： Word came that the sports meet had been put off. Suddenly a good idea occurred to me that I could buy my teacher a gift. 3. 同位语从句前名词的数 同位语从句前的名词通常用单数形式，并且往往带有限定词加以修饰。如：Where did you get the idea that I could not come? Give me your promise that you will come to our party this evening. Exciting word came that I passed the exam. II. 正确选用引导词 一般来说根据句意来确定相应的引导词，并且从句要用陈述句的语序。 1.that引导同位语从句时在句中不作任何成分，但不可省略； The idea that we play football after class is great. 2.在表示是否的意思时连词只能用whether而不能用if； The question whether you can go to an ideal university depends on your effort. 3.从句若缺少主语,宾语或定语用连接代词（what, who, whom, whose, which），若缺少状语用连接副词（when, where, how, why）引导。 I have no idea which mobile phone is the best—it’s a matter of personal taste. At last I made a decision that I would never come back again. The question what we should do with this situation is under discussion. All of us had no idea why he refused our help. The question why he didn’t attend the meeting puzzled us. We can’t solve the problem how we can travel faster than light. 4.在名词doubt“怀疑”后的同位语从句用whether连接；在no doubt“不怀疑”之后的同位语从句用that连接。例如： There is no doubt that we will win the final match. I have a doubt whether he will finish the job on time. III. 注意从句中的时态 一般来说同位语从句的时态要和主句的时态保持一致。但在表示请求、命令、建议等意思的名词后的同位语从句中的谓语动词应用(should) do，(如demand, wish, suggestion, advice，order等)后面的同位语从句要用虚拟语气。如 I have no idea when he will be back. I accepted my father’s advice that I (should) apologize to my friend.
高中英语同位语从句知识点整理 1. 定义：用作同位语的从句叫做同位语从句。 2. 用法：同位语从句的先行词多为fact, news, idea, thought, question, reply, report, remark等，关联词多用从属连词that。例如：they were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick. 对你生病这件事，他们都很焦虑。where did you get the idea that i could not come? 你在哪儿听说我不能来?注：同位语从句偶尔由从属连词whether引导。例如：i have no idea whether he'll come or not. 我不知道他是否来。连接代词who, which, what和连接副词where, when, why, how亦可引导同位语从句。例如：the question who should do the work requires consideration. 谁该干这项工作，这个问题需要考虑。it is a question how he did it. 那是一个他如何做了此事的问题。注：1.一些表示“建议、命令、要求”的名词后所跟的同位语从句中，谓语动词用虚拟语气should+动词原形表示。should可省。例如：this is our only request that this (should) be settled as soon as possible. 这就是我们唯一的请求：尽快解决这个问题。 2.引导词that在同位语从句中不作句子成分；而在定语从句中必作句子成分，是从句所修饰的词的替代词。例如：the fact that the chinese people invented the compass is known to all．中国人发明指南针这个事实是众所周知的。（同位语从句） the fact that we talked about is very important．我们谈论的这个事实很重要。（定语从句）
同位语从句和定语从句的三点区别 同位语从句和定语从句很相似,但还是有区别的,区别主要在以下三方面: 1. 从词类上区别 同位语从句前面的名词只能是idea,fact,news,hope,belief,suggestion,proposal,word,thought,doubt,truth,possibilit y,promise,order等有一定内涵的名词，而定语从句的先行词可以是名词、代词、主句的一部分或是整个主句。如: The possibility that the majority of the labour force will work at home is often discussed.人们经常讨论大多数劳动力将会在家里工作的可能性(同位语从句) We are not looking into the question whether he is worth trusting. 我们正在调查的问题不是他是否值得信赖的问题(同位语从句) Word came that he had been abroad. 据说他已经出国了(同位语从句) Our team has won the game, which made us very happy. 我们的队赢了,这让我们很高兴(定语从句) The doctor whom you are looking for is in the room. 你找的那位医生在房间里面(定语从句) His mother did all she could to help him with his study. 他妈妈尽她的最大努力帮助他的学习(定语从句,代词all作先行词?) 2. 从性质上区别 定语从句是从句对其先行词的修饰或限制,属于形容词性从句的范畴;而同位语从句是从句对前面抽象名词的进一步的说明和解释,属于名词性从句的范畴如: