一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
If conditions get bad enough, almost any kind of weather can become a storm.
Stormy weather can cause people to cancel their plans. It can cause major events to be postponed. And severe stormy weather can be dangerous to people, fortune and anima1.
If you weather the storm, or ride out the storm, you survive and move on without harm or injury. For example, 1et's talk about Tornado Alley, the name for part of the central United States. During springtime, this area often has a large number of powerful tornadoes. People who live there are taught to shelter in the safest place they can find and wait for the storm to pass. People who live in Tornado Alley are used to weathering many storms!
You can also weather a storm, but it does n't involve actual weather. “To weather the storm” can also mean to make it through a difficult experience or trying times. So, if the stock market(股市)crashes, you might have to weather a financial storm.
Often before a big storm, conditions are calm. The calm before the storm can happen anytime. It is the time before something bad happens. For example, at the beginning of a family reunion, the adults were all talking happily. But the older children knew it was just the calm before the storm. They've seen it happen before. The adults talk happily for about an hour. Then they start arguing about events from the past—things that should really stay buried!
But after the storm begins and you find yourself in the middle of it, you are in the eye of the storm. In the world of weather, the eye of the storm is the calmest part, in the center of a hurricane, for example. However, in the English language, if you are in the eye of the storm, you are in the most intense part of a conflict. For example, she had no idea that walking into the meeting would put her in the eye of the storm.
However, a brainstorm does not exist in the world of weather. To brainstorm means to try to solve a problem by talking with other people. And don't worry. If we have trouble thinking of an idea for the next program, we can always brainstorm with you!
（1）What's mainly discussed in the 3rd and 4th paragraphs?
A. What the meanings of weathering the storm are.
B. How we can weather the storm.
C. Weathering a storm doesn't involve actual weather.
D. People in Tornado Alley can survive the storm.
（2）Why does the author mention a family reunion in the fifth paragraph?
A. To stress the importance of weather forecast.
B. To develop the awareness of family.
C. To explain the meaning of an expression.
D. To praise the older children for being clever.
（3）What can be inferred from the last paragraph?
A. A problem can't be solved if you worry too much.
B. A brainstorm often appears in the world of weather.
C. Difficulties can be dealt with by teamwork.
D. To brainstorm can cause troubles in the program.
（4）What's the author's purpose in writing the text?
A. To tell us stormy weather can cause destruction.
B. To tell us some expressions about storm.
C. To tell us a storm can cause conflicts.
D. To tell us we should be ready for a storm.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）C
（4）B
【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几个英语中与“风暴”有关的表达。（1）段落大意题。第三段第一句“If you weather the storm，or ride out the storm，you survive and move on without har m or injury. ”可知本段讲述weather the storm或者ride out the storm指安全度过；和第四段最后一句“To weather the storm can also mean to make it through a difficult experience or trying times. 可知第四段讲述To weather the storm指度过难关。故可知第三四段主要讲述weather the storm的意义是什么。故选A。
（2）推理判断题。根据第五段第二句“The calm before the storm can happen anytime. It is the time before something bad happens. ”可知暴风雨前的宁静任何事都可能发生，这是一段某些不好的事情将要发生的时间。接着作者用家庭聚会作为例子来解释这一种说法的含义，故选C。
（3）推理判断题。最后一段第二句“To brainstorm means to try to solve a problem by talking with other people. ”可知头脑风暴的意思是尝试通过与他人交流来解决一个问题，即困难可以通过团队合作来解决，故选C。
（4）主旨大意题。根据文章内容，如第五段提到暴风雨前的宁静，第六段讲“in the eye of the storm”处于风口浪尖上，最后一段说明“brainstorm”头脑风暴，可知文章主要介绍与“风暴”有关的表达，故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及段落大意，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇说明类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，通过题干中的关键词在文章中定位，同时根据上下文进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
It was just before 8 a.m. on October 17, 2010.She'd checked the higher summits forecast posted by the Mount Washington Observatory before she left. Based on her experience, Bales knew that her hike was realistic. Besides, she had two plans and extra layers of clothing to better regulate her temperature as conditions changed.
At 10:30 a.m., the weather was showing its teeth. Bales added even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog. She made her way across the snow—covered ridge toward Mount Washington and began to think about calling it a day. Then she noticed something: a single set of footprints in the snow ahead of her. She'd been following faint
tracks all day and hadn't given them much thought, because so many people climbed Jewell Trail. But these, she realized, had been made by a pair of sneakers. She silently scolded the absent hiker for breaking normal safety rules and walked on.
Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness. Bales stood there, shocked. The temperature and clouds were in a race to find their lowest point, and darkness was mere hours away. If Bales continued to follow the tracks, she'd add risk and time to the route she'd already adjusted to manage both. But she could not let this go. She turned to the left and called out, "Hello!" into the frozen fog.
Bales wouldn't get an answer until a week later, when the president of her rescue group received a letter in the mail. It read: "I hope this reaches the right group of rescuers. I want to remain anonymous(匿名的), but I was called John. On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly. Next thing I knew this lady was talking to me, changing my clothes, giving me food, making me warmer."
（1）What does the underlined sentence mean?
A.The weather began to get worse.
B.Nobody controlled the weather.
C.Weather could never be predicted.
D.Weather was generally changeable.
（2）Why did Bales feel really frightened?
A.Because she lost her way completely.
B.Because the terrible weather was on the way.
C.Because she was blinded by the frozen fog.
D.Because she was convinced that someone was in trouble.
（3）What is the purpose of John's hiking?
A.To challenge his limit.
B.To go up his favorite trail.
C.To donate some money to rescue group.
D.To kill himself without being discovered.
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，贝尔斯在天气恶劣时去登山，无意发现一串往危险区域行进的脚印，她知道有人陷入了困境。尽管很害怕，尽管天气情况很糟糕，她还是跟着脚印继续前进，最终救了那个人。一周后才知道那人名叫约翰，当时准备自杀。
（1）考查句义猜测。根据第二段中的“Bales add ed even more layers, including a jacket to protect herself from the cold winds and heavy fog.可知贝尔斯增加更多的衣服来保护自己免受寒风和浓雾的侵袭，由此推断划线部分的意思是“天气正在变得更糟”。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“Now she felt genuinely alarmed. She was sure the hiker could not navigate(找到方向)in the low visibility and was heading straight toward the
challenging trails of the Great Gulf Wilderness.“可知贝尔斯看到脚印后非常害怕，因为她知道有人无法导航，这个人正在向海湾区域前进，那是最具挑战性的线路，即贝尔斯确信有人遇上麻烦了，所以她感到害怕。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的”On Sunday, October 17, I went up my favorite trail, Jewell, to end my life. Weather was to be bad. Thought no one else would be there. I was dressed to go quickly.”可知，约翰这天选择这条线路去登山的目的是在没人看见的情况下结束自己的生命，所以他穿的很少，以便快速行走。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和句义猜测两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行推理，归纳，从而选出正确答案。
3．阅读理解
Since we've headed into the snowy part of the year, it seems like a good time to solve a language puzzle that Eskimos have a huge number of words for snow. The idea was popularized by the now well-known expert Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s. His number was approximately five Eskimo words for snow, but somehow the story was so wide spread and romantic that it got out of control and grew bigger and bigger.
There are two problems with the concept of Eskimos having tons of words for snow.
First, Eskimos speak at least two different languages—Inuit and Yupik. Just as we have talked about how English and many other languages developed from a common language called Proto-Indo-European, Inuit and Yupik come from a different common language called Eskimo-Aleut. So saying Eskimos have 100 words for snow is like saying Europeans have 100 words for kings or queens. It might be telling you something broad about culture, but it isn't really telling you much about language.
The second problem is "What is a word?” The Inuit and Yupik languages make words in different ways from how we make words in English. For example, the West Greenlandic word 'siku,' (sea ice), is used as the root for 'sikursuit (pack ice), 'Sikuliaq (new ice), and 'sikurluk (melting ice). But it's not that West Greenlandic has so many more words for describing snow than English, it's just that West Greenlandic expresses ideas by combining meaningful units of language together into one word while English uses more phrases and compounds. We express all the same ideas; we just do it a little differently because of the way our language is built.
So you're probably still wondering, "If it's not 50 or 100 or 400 words, how many is it?" Well, Woodbury lists 15 that are present in a Yupik dictionary published in 1984, but he says that depending on how you look at it this is not an exact number. It could be 12; it could be 24. But it's certainly not 100.
Sometimes, the "hundred words for snow" puzzle is used to argue that because Eskimos have so many words for snow, they think about snow in ways that we can't even begin to imagine—that your language decides or limits your thoughts. Languages are just different. They don't decide what we are able to think about or are not able to think about. I can think about snow floating on water even if we don't have a word for that in English.
So when you're out skiing or snowboarding or just shoveling your driveway this winter, don't believe the people who try to tell you that Eskimos have 100 words for snow.
（1）Why are Eskimos thought to have so many words for snow?
A. Because snow is everywhere where Eskimos live.
B. Because the story about it got enriched and believed.
C. Because snow is of great importance to Eskimos.
D. Because Eskimos have great affection for snow.
（2）How does the writer explain the first problem?
A. By presenting figures.
B. By making comparisons.
C. By quoting sayings.
D. By adopting idioms.
（3）The example of the west Greenlandic word 'siku' shows that .
A. the making of words varies from language to language
B. the Inuit and Yupik languages have more words for snow
C. the richness of words and phrases leads to different ideas
D. more phrases about snow are found in the English language
（4）What conclusion can we safely draw from the last two paragraphs?
A. Eskimos better understand snow than other people.
B. Languages deeply influence people's ability to think.
C. There is no point counting Eskimo's expressions for snow.
D. What comes into our mind is limited by our language.
【答案】（1）B
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了爱斯基摩人描述雪的词语虽然多但并非传言中的100多个。出现这一想象的原因是1. 爱斯基摩人本身就说两种语言，不同的语言就会有不同的描述。2. 词汇方面的融合也使得他们有很多能描述雪的词语。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“His number was approximately five Eskimo words for snow, but somehow the story was so wide spread and romantic that it got out of control and grew bigger and bigger.”可知，本身Benjamin Lee Whorf对于雪的词汇可能就只有5个，但是故事不断的传播，甚至带着浪漫主义气息，使得故事传播的越来越广泛，故事内容也越来越夸张。故选B。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Just as we have talked about how English and many other languages developed from a common language called Proto-Indo-European …”，作者将英语和从原始印欧语发展而来的其他语言进行了比较，由此可知采用了比较的方法。故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的”We express all the same i deas; we just do it a little differently because of the way our language is built.“以及第四段的例子中，不同语言、不同词汇表达的都是同一个意思，唯一不同的是语言构建方式的不同而已。故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的“Languages are just different. They don't decide what we are able to think about or are not able to think about.”语言都是不一样的，而且语言也决定不了我们能或不能想什么；以及最后一段中的“don't believe the people who try to tell
you that Eskimos have 100 words for snow.”不用相信那些想要告诉你爱斯基摩人有100种描述雪的词汇，即不用在意究竟有多少词。由此可知，词汇的多少并不影响思想，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇文化类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．阅读理解
Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health, according to a new study published in the journal Child Development According to the findings, teenagers aged 15 to 16 who had a close friendship rather than a larger group of friends they were less close to had a greater sense of self-worth by the time they were 25 years old. Those people with a very close best friend were also less likely to experience depression and social anxiety, the study found. "Close friendship strength in mid-adolescence predicted relative increases in self-worth and decreases in anxiety and depressive symptoms by early adulthood, "the authors, led by Rachel K, Narr, a postdoctoral student focused on clinical psychology at the University of Virginia, wrote.
A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important. Friendships during the teenage years predict academic success and improved mental health. But the new research further explores the type of friendships teenagers have. "My hunch(预感)was that close friendships compared to broader friendship groups and popularity may not function the same way," Narr told Quartz. "Being successful in one is not the same as being successful in the other." Many study participants did not continue to have a close relationship with their high-school best friend, leading the researchers to wonder what exactly was responsible for the mental health benefits. They suspected that the skills and ability to build such a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.
And as the researchers point out, those skills are not necessarily brought to bear in the world of social media. "As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority," study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.
（1）What is the benefit of having a close teenage friendship?
A. Excellent performance in high school.
B. A larger group of friends.
C. Mental health by early adulthood.
D. A large social network in the future.
（2）What can we learn about the past research?
A. It attached great significance to adolescent friendships.
B. It was totally different from the new research.
C. It helped improve teenagers' mental health.
D. It compared broader friendship groups with popularity.
（3）What did the researchers think might lead to the mental health benefits?
A. Not continuing to have a close relationship.
B. Having a best friend in high school.
C. Understanding the world of social media.
D. Knowing how to build a close friendship （4）What did the researcher Joseph suggest?
A. Learning to use social media.
B. Broadening your social circle.
C. Improving the skills of making friends.
D. Concentrating on high-quality relationship.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）D
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，研究发现，那些有非常亲密的好朋友的人也不太可能经历抑郁和社交焦虑。与过去的研究认为友谊很重要相比，这项新研究进一步探索了青少年之间的友谊类型。研究人员发现知道如何建立亲密的友谊可能比友谊本身更重要。（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Your teenage best friend could be good for your long-term mental health，according to a new study published in the journal Child Development.“根据发表在《儿童发展》杂志上的一项新研究，你十几岁时最好的朋友可能对你的长期心理健康有好处。可知，青少年亲密的友谊对精神健康有益。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的”A past research has suggested that adolescent friendships are important.“过去的一项研究表明，青少年间的友谊很重要，可知，过去的研究非常重视青少年间的友谊。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据倒数第二段中的”They suspected that the skills and ability to build suc h a friendship may be more important than the friendship itself.“他们怀疑建立这种友谊的技巧和能力可能比友谊本身更重要，可知，研究人员认为知道如何建立亲密的友谊会带来心理健康益处。故选D。
（4）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的"‘As technology makes it increasingly easy to build a social network of shallow friends, focusing time and attention on developing close connections with a few individuals should be a priority,’study co-author Joseph Allen said in a statement.”研究报告的撰写者之一Joseph Allen在一份声明中说:“随着科技的发展，建立浅层次朋友的社交网络变得越来越容易，因此，把时间和精力集中在与少数人建立密切联系上应该是优先考虑的事情。”可知，研究人员Joseph Allen建议把时间和精力集中在于一些人发展亲密关系是应该是重中之重，即发展高质量的友谊。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
5．阅读理解
DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.
The evidence suggests that megaliths, prehistoric large stone structures, sometimes acted as graves for family groups in northwestern Europe thousands of years ago. The latest findings throw new light on the origins and social structure of the groups that built megaliths in this region—a history that has long been hidden in mystery.
For their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes—the complete set of genetic material in a cell—of 24 Stone Age individuals from five megalithic burial sites in Ireland, Scotland and Gotland, a large Swedish island in the Baltic Sea.
This analysis showed that many of the individuals buried at each megalith, who all lived between 3,800 B.C. and 2,600 B.C., according to radiocarbon-dating of their remains, were
closely related via family ties.
The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe but genetically distinct from other hunter-gatherers. This was particularly noticeable at the Ansarve site on the island of Gotland.
"The people buried in the Ansarve tomb are remarkably different on a genetic level compared to the individuals dug out from hunter-gather contexts, showing that the burial tradition in this megalithic tomb, which lasted for over 700 years, was performed by distinct groups with roots in the European Neolithic expansion," Magdalena Fraser, co-first author from Uppsala University, said in the statement.
（1）What's the significance of the new findings?
A. It reveals the family ties between people in Ireland and Sweden.
B. It implies that many people buried in the tombs were closely related.
C. It indicates the long-hidden mystery concerning DNA analysis.
D. It suggests that the megaliths became tombs thousands of years ago.
（2）How did the researchers reach their findings?
A.By interviewing individuals.
B.By travelling to different regions.
C.By analyzing genes.
D.By studying the burial sites.
（3）Which is true according to the latest findings?
A.Some people buried in the tombs were related to farmers.
B.Few people buried in the tombs were genetically different.
C.All the people buried at megaliths had family relationships.
D.People buried in the Ansarve tomb were dug out 700 years later.
（4）What's the main idea of this passage?
A.Megaliths served as tombs thousands of years ago.
B.People buried at the megaliths were recently analyzed.
https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,test findings shed light on a mystery about burials.
D.Stone-Age people in Ireland and Sweden had close ties.
【答案】（1）B
（2）C
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，最新一项发现显示石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人可能存在亲属关系。研究人员通过分析来自爱尔兰、苏格兰和位于波罗的海的瑞典格特兰岛的5个巨石墓葬遗址的24个石器时代个体的基因组。发现，每座巨石下埋葬着许多人，他们都生活在公元前3800年至公元前2600年之间根据他们遗体的放射性碳年代测定，他们的血缘关系非常密切。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.”可知DNA分析揭示了爱尔兰和瑞典巨石墓群10多代人之间存在家庭关系。这
项新发现意味着埋葬在坟墓里的许多人是近亲。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的“F or their study, the international team of researchers analyzed the genomes”可知研究人员是通过分析基因组得出这项发现的，故选C。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第五段中的“The results also showed that the individuals buried at the megaliths were related to Neolithic farmers in northern and western Europe”可知埋葬在巨石阵中的人与北欧和西欧的新石器时代农民有关，故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第一段中的“DNA analysis has revealed family relationships between more than 10 generations of Stone Age people at megalithic (巨石的) tombs in Ireland and Sweden.”以及文章主要内容可知文章中心内容主要围绕着石器时代的爱尔兰人和瑞典人有密切联系展开。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和主旨大意两个题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
6．阅读理解
Alison Malmon was ending her freshman year at the University of Pennsylvania. US, when she got the news: Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University; was suffering from mental illness.
Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to organize students to talk openly about mental health. It soon blossomed into a national organization that today has more than 450 campus chapters. Leaders with the organization spend their time talking with college students about the pressure that today's young people face.
"What you hear often is just a need to be perfect," said Malmon, "and a need to present oneself as perfect." A new study in the UK proved that this need for perfectionism is simply part of today's society. In the study, two researchers studied more than 40,000 students from the US, Canada, and the UK. They found that what they called "socially-prescribed (社会定向型的) perfectionism" increased by a third between 1989 and 2016.
Lead researcher Thomas Curran said that while so many of today's young people try to present a perfect appearance online, social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modem society, meaning young people can't avoid being sorted and ranked in both education and employment. That comes from new normal situation like greater numbers of college students, national examination and parenting that increasingly emphasizes success in education.
For example, in 1976, half of high school seniors expected to get a college degree of some kind. By 2008, more than 80 percent expected the same. The researchers also said changes in parenting styles over the last two decades might have had an impact. As parents feel increased pressure to raise successful children, they in turn pass their "achievement anxieties" onto their kids through "too much participation in their child's activities or emotions
Those in the mental health community like Malmon say they're concerned about the impact the culture of perfectionism has on mental health on campuses. "Mental health has truly become this generation's social justice (公正)issue," she said. "It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."
（1）What inspired Alison Malmon to start a group related to mental health?
A.Her brother's mental illness.
B.Her project during the freshman year.
C.The pressure she had experienced.
D.Her strong interest in mental health.
（2）What may be pushing today's young people to struggle to be perfect, according to the article?
a. The impact of social media.
b. Parents' high expectations of their children.
c. The decreasing number of college students.
d. The fierce competition in society.
e. Their desire to draw their parents' attention.
A.a, b, c
B.a, d, e
C.a, b, d
D.b, c, e
（3）What does Malmon think is a way to help young people manage the pressure of perfectionism?
A.Enabling them to know what is to blame for their pressure.
B.Lowering their expectations of themselves.
C.Reducing parents' involvement in their children's life.
D.Making them aware of what true social responsibility is.
（4）What is the article mainly about?
A.A new study on college students.
B.Research into the trend of perfectionism.
C.A group devoted to helping people stay mentally healthy.
D.Various pressures that today's young people are facing.
【答案】（1）A
（2）C
（3）A
（4）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了完美主义给当代年轻人带来的巨大压力，并分析了完美主义出现的具体原因。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"Her older brother Brian, a student at Columbia University; was suffering from mental illness. “；以及第二段中的”Inspired by this, Malmon formed a group at her university to organize students to talk openly about mental health."可知正是Malmon的哥哥Brian患上了精神病让Malmon决定创办一个研究精神病的研究小组。故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第四段中的"social media isn't the only reason behind this trend. Instead, he said, it may be driven by competition in modem society…That comes from new normal situation like greater numbers of college students, national examination and parenting
that increasingly emphasizes success in education."可知社交媒体不是年轻人所面临压力的唯一原因，当代社会的激烈竞争以及父母对孩子教育成功的期待都是重要原因。故选C。（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的 "It's our job to equip them with the tools and to let people know that it's not their fault."可知Malmon认为年轻人应该让人们知道精神健康方面的问题不是他们的错误，而是社会以及父母给他们带来的。故选A。
（4）考查主旨大意。本文是一篇说明文，前两段导入话题：完美主义给年轻人带来了巨大的精神压力，人们组建了研究团队对此进行研究。第三段第一句点明主题"What you hear often is just a need to be perfect," said Malmon, "and a need to present oneself as perfect."下文分析了完美主义产生的具体原因，并提出了年轻人的应对方法。所以本文主要讲述的是对完美主义的研究。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，同时根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
7．阅读理解
When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn't understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying.
So it came as no surprise to learn that researchers believe crying and laughing come from the same part of the brain. Just as laughing has many health advantages, scientists are discovering that so, too, does crying.
Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.
Besides, tears attract help from other people. Researchers agree that when we cry, people around us become kinder and friendlier and they are more ready to provide support and comfort. Tears also enable us to understand our emotions better; sometimes we don't even know we're very sad until we cry. We learn about our emotions through crying, and then we can deal with them.
Just as crying can be healthy, not crying - holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering - can be bad for physical health, Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses. If you have a health problem, doctors will certainly not ask you to cry. But when you feel like crying, don't fight it. It's a natural –and healthy-emotional response.
（1）Why didn't the author cry when her grandmother died?
A. The author doesn't give the explanation.
B. Because she did not love her grandmother.
C. Because she was too shy to cry at that time.
D. Because her father did not want her to feel too sad.
（2）It can inferred from the text that ______.
A. there are two ways to keep mental health
B. crying does more good to health than laughing
C. crying and laughing play the same jobs
D. emotional health has a close relationship to physical health
（3）According to the author, which of the following statements is true?
A. Crying is the best way to get help from others.
B. Fighting back tears may cause some health problems.
C. We will never know our deep feelings unless we cry.
D. We must cry if we want to reduce pressure.
（4）What might be the most suitable title for the text?
A. Power of Tears
B. How to Keep Healthy
C. Why We Cry
D. A New Scientific Discovery
【答案】（1）A
（2）D
（3）B
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍哭对我们健康有益的几个方面。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的“When I was small and my grandmother died, I couldn't understand why I had no tears. But that night when my dad tried to cheer me up, my laugh turned into crying.”当我小的时候，我的祖母去世了，我不明白为什么我没有眼泪。但那天晚上，当我爸爸试图让我高兴起来时，我的笑变成了哭。”可以得知作者并没有提到没有哭的原因，故选A。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三段中的“Whatever it takes for us to reduce pressure is important to our emotional health, and crying seems to work well. One study found that 85 percent of women and 73 percent of men report feeling better after crying.”无论采取什么方法来减轻压力，对我们的情绪健康都很重要，而哭泣似乎很有效。一项研究发现，85%的女性和73%的男性表示哭泣后感觉更好。从文章可知情感健康与身体健康密切相关。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据最后一段中的“Just as crying can be healthy, not crying - holding back tears of anger, pain or suffering - can be bad for physical health, Studies have shown that too much control of emotions can lead to high blood pressure, heart problems and some other illnesses.”正如哭泣是健康的，不哭泣——抑制愤怒、痛苦或苦难的泪水——可能对身体健康有害，研究表明，过度控制情绪可能导致高血压、心脏病和其他一些疾病。可知B是明显正确的。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。纵观全文可知，本文介绍了哭的力量和作用，并且介绍了哭对我们健康有益的几个方面，故选 A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇健康类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
8．阅读理解
Dance Classes
Ballet teaches grace, posture(姿势) and flexibility. Students focus on the use of proper ballet items(物品),expanding their knowledge of classical ballet techniques and improving motor skills for classical ballet practice. The class is a formal ballet class.
Age 8-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday
Creative Movers
Students can explore creative movement, balance, focus, the development of skills, motor planning and balance. The class helps build strength, flexibility and self-confidence, and allows children to realize expression in a positive and encouraging environment. Children use their imagination to celebrate movement and have lots of fun.
Age 3-5
September 7, 2019-January 18, 2020
9:00 am-9:45 am on Saturday
Jazz
Jazz includes movements from both classical ballet and dance techniques. This class will focus on traditional jazz dance. Students will be introduced to jazz-style rhythms and movements. In order to ensure proper placement for your child, we invite all students to participate in a sample(示例) class. Students and parents work with program staff to meet students' personal dance goals.
Age 5-6
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
2:00 pm-3:00 pm on Saturday
Hip Hop
Students will be introduced to several different aspects of hip hop dance including popping, locking, breaking and totting in a high-energy environment. Our hip hop instructors are highly knowledgeable and will provide students with a wonderful view of hip hop dance.
Age 7-10
September 7, 2019-May 16, 2020
1:00 pm-2:00 pm on Sunday
（1）Which class is suitable for 4-year-old children?
A. Ballet.
B. Creative Movers.
C. Hip Hop.
D. Jazz.
（2）What can students do in the jazz class?
A. Make use of all the ballet items.
B. Learn the long history of jazz.
C. Dance with famous modern jazz dancers.
D. Get to know jazz-style movements.
（3）What is special about the hip hop class?
A. It is open in the afternoon.
B. It is available on Sunday.
C. It teaches traditional dances.
D. It has the most skilled teachers.
【答案】（1）B
（2）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了几门舞蹈课。这些课程适合不同年龄段的孩子。孩子们可以根据自己的喜好选择自己喜欢的课程。
（1）考查细节理解。根据Creative Movers部分中的”Age 3-5“可知，Creative Movers这门课适合四岁的孩子。故选B。
（2）考查细节理解。根据Jazz部分中的”Students will be introduced to jazz-style rhythms and movements.“可知，学生们在Jazz课中可以了解爵士风格的舞蹈动作。故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。根据文中”Ballet(10:30 am-12:00 am on Saturday) ;Creative Movers(9 : 00 am-9 : 45 am on Saturday)“;”Jazz( 2 : 00 pm-3 : 00 pm on Saturday)“;”Hip Pop(1 : 00 pm-2 : 00 pm on Sunday) “可知其他三门舞蹈课都是在星期六上课，而Hip Hop课是在星期天上课，这就是它独特的地方。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，要求考生准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。
9．阅读理解
My father loves his garden. He planted some seeds in it. But at that time I didn't understand why working in the dirt excited him so much.
Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while. My mother had several business trips so she couldn't take care of the garden. I didn't want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered. I assumed that the little plants would continue to grow as long as they had water, and luckily it rained fairly often so I didn't think much about the garden.
One Saturday morning, my father said to me, "Christine, the vegetables should be about ready to be picked. Let's have a salad today!" I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs. There were hundreds of bugs all over them!
I panicked for a moment, but then I quietly went to the nearest store to buy some vegetables. When I gave the salad to him, he said, "Oh, Christine, what a beautiful salad! I can't believe the carrots are this big already. You must be taking very good care of my garden." I felt a little bit guilty.
Coming home, my mother saw the bag from the supermarket in the kitchen. I was embarrassed and I admitted, "Dad wanted a salad, but the garden was a disaster. I didn't want to disappoint him so I went to the store." She laughed but promised to help me in the garden and weeks later I was finally able to pick some.
I carefully made a salad and took it to my father. He looked at it with a hint of a smile. "Christine the carrots are smaller in this salad, but they taste better."
Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they maybe. Perhaps this was one of the reasons for my father's love of gardening.
（1）Christine originally said she would do the gardening because she ________.
A.knew it was important to her father
B.wanted to improve her gardening skills
C.was asked by her father to do it
D.was interested in growing vegetables
（2）Which of the following was a problem in the garden?
A.Animals often dug in the garden.
B.Insects destroyed the lettuce and carrots.
C.The plants were given too much water.
D.The vegetables were marked incorrectly.
（3）Christine could secretly make the salad from store-bought vegetables because ________.
A.her father couldn't see the garden's progress
B.her father was in hospital at that time
C.her mother helped her to buy the vegetables
D.her mother helped her to make a spray
（4）What did Christine learn through her experience of gardening?
A.Always prepare for a rainy day.
B.Don't be disappointed by bugs.
C.Hard work can be rewarding.
D.Working alone produces results.
【答案】（1）A
（2）B
（3）A
（4）C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了帮养病的爸爸照顾花园的经历让Christine明
白了努力工作是值得的。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的"My father loves his garden."及第二段中的"I didn't want my father to worry, so I said that I would take care of his garden until he recovered."可知，Christine的爸爸很喜欢花园，她不想让爸爸在养伤期间担心他的花园没人照顾，所以Christine说她会帮他照顾花园，也就是说Christine知道花园对爸爸很重要才说帮他照顾花园，故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。根据第三段中的"I went out to the garden and was upset to see that many of the lettuce leaves and carrots had been half eaten by bugs."可知，Christine去花园看
到许多莴苣叶和胡萝卜被虫子吃掉了一半，由此可知，花园的一个问题是昆虫破坏了莴苣
和胡萝卜，故选B。
（3）考查细节理解。根据第二段中的"Unfortunately, in early May, my father was seriously injured in an accident. He had to stay in bed for a while."可知，Christine的爸爸在一次事故中
受了重伤，需要卧床养伤，看不到菜园的进展，所以Christine才能偷偷地用商店里买来的
蔬菜做沙拉，故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的"Now, I better understand how putting a lot of effort into caring for something can help you appreciate the results more, however small they maybe."
可知，现在，Christine更好地理解，为某事付出大量的努力可以帮助你更好地欣赏成果，
不管成果有多小，言外之意，这个经历让Christine明白了努力工作是值得的，故选C。【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
10．阅读理解
An aspirin a day keeps the doctor away
Dr. Tim Johnson discusses evidence of a daily dose of aspirin's benefits. That's not the saying, but doctors have agreed, for about a generation, that an aspirin a day is good for you. It may reduce the risk of heart attacks or strokes by 20 percent or more.
The US Preventive Services Task Force, an independent group convened by the Department of Health and Human Services, has published guidelines that it says should end the confusion.
The key points:
⒈Men should start a daily aspirin at age 45, mainly to protect against heart attacks.
⒉Women should start at 55, mainly to protect against stroke.
⒊For both sexes, a baby aspirin-typically 81 milligram a day-will do the job. There is no evidence that a large dose makes a difference.
⒋And both sexes should stop by age 80, unless their doctors say otherwise. As you get older, there's a greater risk of bleeding in the brain or the digestive system, a risk that is small but can be deadly in some cases.
If people start taking aspirin as the guidelines, doctors say their risk of heart attacks will drop by about 20 percent. "People may ask themselves 'Am I at risk for a heart attack or a stroke?'" said Dr. Randal Thomas, director of cardiovas-cular health at the Mayo Clinic in Minnesota "If you are age 45 and male, if you're above age 55 and female, the answer is most likely yes, and you will most likely benefit from taking a small dose of aspirin a day.
（1）What might Dr. Tim Johnson think of taking an aspirin a day?
A. It is useless for the old.
B. It will keep the doctor away.
C. It is beneficial to health.
D. It will have harmful side effects.
（2）What can we learn from the guidelines?
A. The aspirin has the same effect on both men and women.
B. A large dose of aspirin will cause bleeding in the brain.
C. People should start taking aspirin at age 45.
D. It will be a waste if you take more than 81 milligram of aspirin a day.
（3）What might be Dr. Randal Thomas attitude to the guidelines?
A. Critical.
B. Supportive.
C. Cautious.
D. Doubtful.
（4）What is the text mainly about?
A. How to keep the doctor away.
B. How to reduce the healthy risk.
C. What are benefits of aspirin.
D. Who should take aspirin and when.
【答案】（1）C
（2）D
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍类"谁应该在什么时候服用阿司匹林"。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中的”Dr.Tim Johnson discusses evidence of a daily dose of aspirin's benefits.“可知阿司匹林对健康是有好处的。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第三小点”a baby aspirin-typically 81 milligram a day-will do the job. There is no evidence that a large dose makes a difference.“可知阿司匹林服入超过81毫克是没有作用的，也就是过多的服用是浪费，故选D。
（3）考查推理判断。根据最后一段中的”you will most likely benefit from taki ng a small dose of aspirin a day.“每天服用小剂量的阿斯匹林最有可能使你受益。可推知 Dr.Randal Thomas指导方针持支持态度。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据最后一段中的”If you are age 45 and male, if you're above age 55 and female, the answer is most likely yes, and you will most likely benefit from taking a small dose of aspirin a day.“可知，短文介绍服用阿司匹林的指导方针。45岁的男性和55岁以上的女性，是可以服用阿司匹林的，每天服用小剂量的阿司匹林中受益。"可知文章主要讲的是"谁应该在什么时候服用阿司匹林。"故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇医学类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，同时根据上下文进行逻辑推理，概括归纳，从而选出正确答案。
11．阅读理解
With all the recent concern about the environment, people want to see their money used to better the planet. Here are four well-known environmental organizations.
World Wildlife Fund (WWF)
The World Wildlife Fund is perhaps one of the best-known organizations for the protection of endangered species and their habitats around the world. They've been around for over 45 years. You can donate through their website https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,, join their organization as a member, or adopt an animal through their online adoption center.
National Geographic Society (NGS)
National Geographic Society is well-known for their magazine and their specials on TV. The organization itself is one of the longest-running in the world—they've been around since 1888, focus on exploration and conservation of forests, oceans, habitats, species and societies. You chopse to donate through the website https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,，buy something at their online store, or order a magazine subscription.
National Wildlife Federation (NWF)
Founded officially in 1937, the National Wildlife Federation tries to protect wildlife at all costs. In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in. Donations to the NWF can be made through their website nwf. org or through other options, like matching gifts, workplace giving, or memorial donations.
Ecology Fund, com
Set up in 1976，Ecology Fund, com is run on user clicks. Advertisers buy ad space on the site every time someone clicks. The money goes to buy endangered wilderness land to protect it from companies that would destroy it. So far, Ecology Fund, com has bought land in many areas. The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.
（1）Which environmental organization has the longest history?
A. Ecology https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,.
B. World Wildlife Fund.
C. National Geographic Society.
D. National Wildlife Federation.
（2）What does NWF think is the most important in environmental protection?
A. Knowledge.
B. Management.
C. Money.
D. Patience.
（3）In what way does https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html, differ from the other three organizations?
A. The size of networks.
B. The way of operation.
C. The strength of influence.
D. The degree of popularity.
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了四个著名的环保组织。
（1）考查细节理解。纵观全文可知，WWF有45年以上的历史；NGS从1888年就开始存在，迄今已有超过100年的历史；NWF成立于1937年；https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,成立于1976年，因此NGS时间最长。故选C。
（2）考查细节理解。根据 National Wildlife Federation (NWF)部分中的“In fact, they believe that having the public educated is the best way to help the environment—-the more you know, the more you can protect the world we live in.”可知，NWF认为，让公众受教育是帮助环境的最佳方式——你知道得越多，就越能保护我们所生活的这个世界。可知，NWF 认为知识在环保中是最重要的。故选A。
（3）考查推理判断。根据 Ecology Fund, com部分中的“The best thing about this site is that you needn't donate any money—all you have to do is click.”可知，https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,是靠用户的点击率获得广告收入的方式运营的，用户无需捐钱，他们只需要点击即可，而其它三个环保组织都接受包括捐款在内的多种方式的支持。可知，https://www.doczj.com/doc/5b15740799.html,与其它3个环保组织的运营方式不同。故选B。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读，考生需要准确掌握细节信息，并根据上下文进行逻辑推理，从而选出正确答案。
12．阅读理解
An experimental cleanup device called RemoveDEBRIS has successfully cast a net around a dummy (仿真的) satellite, imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage. The test, which was carried out this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.
Millions of pieces of junk are turning around in orbit the result of 50 years of space travel and few regulations to keep space clean. At orbital speeds, even a small bit of paint crashing with a
satellite can cause critical damage.
Various companies have plans to send thousands of new satellites into low-Earth orbit, already the most crowded area.
The RemoveDEBRIS experiment is run by a company and researchers led by the U. K.'s Surrey Space Center and includes Airbus, Airbus-owned Surrey Satellite Technology Ltd. and France's ArianeGroup.
Guglielmo Aglietti, the director of Surrey Space Center, said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.
The RemoveDEBRIS satellite will conduct a few more experiments in the coming months, including testing navigation features that could help guide the satellite to a specific piece of debris.
Jonathan McDowell, an astrophysicist at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, said the success of this week's experiment was exciting, but he cautioned against "over- publicizing" it. There are still enormous barriers to clear before operational cleanup tasks are underway, he said, and the most discouraging is figuring out how to fund such projects.
Aglietti, the Surrey professor who helped lead the RemoveDEBRIS project, said "The challenge will lie in persuading the relevant authorities to sponsor these tasks." Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.
（1）What is the use of the RemoveDEBRIS satellite?
A. Demonstrating space technology.
B. Imitating a developing technique.
C. Collecting wastes existing in space.
D. Symbolizing great progress in space.
（2）How does the RemoveDEBRlS satellite work?
A. By throwing a net to take the junk from orbit.
B. By fastening it to the main satellite tightly.
C. By dragging satellites up to 10 meters long.
D. By targeting large pieces of junk carefully.
（3）What does the underlined word "sponsor" in the last paragraph probably mean? A. Accomplish. B. Support. C. Oppose. D. Provide.
（4）What's the best title for the text?
A. The RemoveDEBRIS Project Is Perfect
B. How RemoveDEBRIS Is Invented in the Lab
C. Why the RemoveDEBRIS Satellite Is Invented
D. Satellite Collects Space Junk for the First Time
【答案】（1）C
（2）A
（3）B
（4）D
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了“卫星首次收集太空垃圾。”一种名为“清除碎
片”的实验清理设备成功地在一颗虚拟卫星周围撒网，模仿一种有朝一日可能收集太空垃圾的技术。
（1）考查细节理解。根据第一段中“...,imitating a technique that could one day collect spaceborne garbage.”模仿一种有一天可以收集太空垃圾的技术。可知，the RemoveDEBRIS 卫星的用途是收集太空中存在的废物。故选C。
（2）考查推理判断。根据第六段中的“...,said that an operational version of the RemoveDEBRlS technology would cast a net that remains fastened to the main satellite so the debris can be dragged out of orbit. It could target large pieces of junk, including dead satellites up to 10 meters long.“该公司表示，一种操作性版本的RemoveDEBRlS技术将会在主卫星上撒网，这样碎片就可以被拖出轨道。它可以瞄准大块的垃圾，包括长达10米的报废卫星。”可知，RemoveDEBRlS卫星是通过撒网把垃圾带离轨道。故选A。
（3）考查词义猜测。根据最后一段中的”Aglietti said he hopes RemoveDEBRIS will conduct a few cleanup tasks per year, targeting the largest pieces of junk in the most crowded orbits.“Aglietti说，他希望清理碎片的工作每年能进行几次，目标是最拥挤轨道上最大的垃圾碎片。可知，“挑战在于说服有关当局赞助这些任务。”可知，划线词的意思是“支持”。故选B。
（4）考查主旨大意。根据第二段中的”The test, which was carried o ut this week, is widely believed to be the first successful demonstration of space cleanup technology, experts told CNN. And it symbolizes an early step toward solving what has already been a critical issue: junk in space.“专家告诉CNN，本周进行的这次测试被广泛认为是太空清洁技术的首次成功演示。它象征着解决太空垃圾这一关键问题的第一步。可知，本文主题是“卫星首次收集太空垃圾”。故选D。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断，词义猜测和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇科技类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
13．阅读理解
The picture of George Washington is on the one-dollar bill. He served as American's first president from 1789 to 1797. President Washington has been called the "Father of his country."
The third president of the United States, Thomas Jefferson, is on the two-dollar bill. He was the main writer of the Declaration of independence in 1776. Jefferson was one of the most influential of the nation's Founding Fathers. He was also a plant expert, architect, musician and inventor.
Another of American's greatest presidents, Abraham Lincoln, is on the five-dollar bill. He served as the sixteenth president from 1861 until 1865. He successfully led the country through the Civil War, saved the Union and ended slavery.
The picture of Alexander Hamilton appears on the ten-dollar bill. Hamilton was never president. But he was the first Secretary of the Treasury and one of the Founding Fathers. He was also an economist and political philosopher.
Andrew Jackson was the seventh president, serving from 1829 to 1837. He supported popular democracy and individual liberty. His picture is on the twenty-dollar bill.
中学生英语阅读新视野①词组 go without 没有, 缺乏, 将就 In those days we often had to go without supper. tell … apart It's difficult to tell the two girls apart. 这两个女孩很难分辨。 Without question 毫无疑问 He is without question the best man for the job. 毫无疑问, 他最适合干这份工作。 A number of 一些 A great number of problems have arisen. 出现了许多问题。 Take off 1.拿走, 取下; 去掉 Last night's strong wind nearly took the roof off! 昨夜的大风差一点把屋顶刮掉了。 2.脱去 I can't take my boots off, they're so tight! 靴子太紧了, 我脱不下来! 3.截断, 切除 I'm afraid the disease can't be stopped, so we shall have to take your leg off. 恐怕这病情控制不住了, 我们得把你的一条腿截肢。 4.(使)离开 I think I'll take myself off now. 我想我现在就得走。 5.起跳; 起飞 Watch that bird taking off from the branch! 注意看那只鸟从枝头飞起来! 6.(飞机)起飞 It's exciting to feel the plane taking off. 感觉到飞机起飞令人兴奋。 7.减轻(体重) I'm so pleased that I've been able to take off all that weight and get into my good clothes again! 我的体重终于减轻, 那些漂亮的衣服又合身了, 我真高兴! Around the world 世界各地 By accident 偶然地 He made this mistake by accident. 他犯这个错误纯属偶然。 Now and then
小希老师给同学们总结了2018高考英语真题所有阅读理解的A篇，适合高中各个年级的学生练习及备考使用。 【全国Ⅰ卷】 A Washington, . Bicycle Tours Cherry Blossom Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours This small group bike tour is a fantastic way to see the world-famous cherry trees with beautiful flowers of Washington, . Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve your spot before availability – and the cherry blossoms – disappear! Washington Capital Monuments Bicycle Tour Duration: 3 hours (4 miles) Join a guided bike tour and view some of the most popular monuments in Washington, . Explore the monuments and memorials on the National Mall as your guide shares unique facts and history at each stop. Guided tour includes bike, helmet, cookies and bottled water. Capital City Bike Tour in Washington, . Duration: 3 hours Morning or Afternoon, this bike tour is the perfect tour for . newcomers and locals looking to experience Washington, . in a healthy way with minimum effort. Knowledgeable guides will entertain you with the most interesting stories about Presidents, Congress, memorials, and parks. Comfortable bikes and a smooth tour route (路线) make cycling between the sites fun and relaxing. Washington Capital Sites at Night Bicycle Tour
【英语】中考英语阅读理解经典题型带答案 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文理解，选择正确答案。 A Some people think only school children do not agree with their parents, however, it is not true. Communication is a problem for parents and children of all ages. If it's hard for you to communicate with your parents, don't worry about it. Here are some suggestions for you to bridge generation gap（代沟）. Don't argue with your parents. Don't get to your parents when you are angry. Your parents probably won't consider your ideas if you are shouting at them You can't express（表达）yourself well if you are angry. Go to some place to cool off. Make sure you understand why you are unhappy. Then think about what you want to say to your parents. If you don't think you can speak to them at the moment, try writing a letter. Try to reach a compromise （和解）. Perhaps you and your parents disagree（有分歧） on something. You can keep your disagreement and try your best to accept each other. Michael's mother didn't agree with him about buying a car. They argued over it, but finally they came to a compromise. Michael bought the car, but only drove it on certain days. Of course your parents might refuse to compromise on something. In these situations, it is especially important to show love and respect （尊敬） to them. Showing respect will keep your relationship strong. Talk about your values. The values of your parents are probably different from those of your own. Tell your parents what you care about, and why. Understanding your values might help them see your purposes in life. A good relationship with your parents can make you a better and happier person. It is worth having a try. （1）From the passage we know_______ have a communication problem. A. parents and children of all ages B. children and other people C. parents and their school children D. teachers and their students （2）How many pieces of advice does the writer give us to bridge the generation gap? A. 5 B. 4 C. 3 D. 2 （3）The underlined phrase "cool off" in the passage means_______. A. make yourself happy B. make yourself quiet and relaxed C. become angry D. go away （4）If the values of your parents are different from those of yours, you'd better_______. A. argue with them B. keep away from them
初中英语阅读理解常见题型及答题技巧 从近几年的中考阅读理解情况看，短文体裁多样，题材各异，文章涉及科学知识、社会文化、政治历史、人文环境和日常生活等方面，充分体现其时代性、实用性。短文难度逐年加大。常见题型有主旨题、细节题、推断题、猜测词义题和正误判断题。 做阅读理解练习应先看问题，弄清考点。在阅读短文之前，快速浏览问题，以便在阅读短文时做到心中有数，快速、准确地捕捉所要信息。先易后难。做题时不必拘泥于书中所呈现的语篇顺序，应遵循先易后难的原则。如可先做细节题再做推断题，因为细节题大多能直接从文中找到答案，而推断题则需对短文进行深层理解，再作判断。 （一）主旨题 主旨题主要考查学生对短文中心思想或作者意图的掌握。做此类题时，应通读全文，理解文章大意，充分理解主题句的意义。短文往往围绕主题句展开，主题句通常出现在短文第一句或最后一句。 （二）细节题 细节题是用来进一步表达主题，体现中心思想的，往往针对短文某个细节来设题。做此类题时，应快速捕捉信息，可能是一些事例、数字等，阅读时要有针对性。 （三）推断题 推断题就是根据某个事实推断结论，主要考查学生的理解力和推断力。这类推断通常包括：数据事实推断、常识推断以及作者的写作目的、态度和倾向等的推断。做此类题时，应根据短文中的相关语句，对与事实有关的细节加以分析，找出线索，悟出字里行间的意思，反复比较，从而作出合乎逻辑的判断。 （四）猜测词义题 猜测词义题主要考查学生根据上下文正确判断灵活变化的词义能力。一般情况下，推断词义的题目中所出现的单词，大多数是学生未曾见过的生词，学生需要在该词出现的上下文中去寻找线索。通过阅读上下文，断定该词的真正含义，然后将这个释义代入文中，检查是否贴切，仔细比较直到得出该词的确切的含义。 （五）正误判断题 正误判断题主要考查学生对文章的具体事实、信息的理解能力。一般是根据文章的事实或细节，给出一个句子，判断其正误。这类题比较直接，难度相对较小。做此类题时，应先看题，后带着“问题”快速阅读短文，寻找所需要的信息。初中英语阅读理解题已成为评估学生英语水平的重要测试题型，在中考英语试卷中所占比重较大。阅读理解题主要是考查学生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括细节理解能力、词义判断能力、归纳概括能力及逻辑推理能力等。大致来说，阅读理解题主要针对如下方面：（1）个别词语或句子；（2）某一细节或情节；（3）主题；（4）背景知识；（5）结论或结局；（6）内涵隐意或寓意等。下面本人就根据阅读理解题的题型特点，来谈一些答题技巧。 一、直接理解题 这种题目比较简单，只要通读全文，了解文中所叙述的重要事实或细节就可以解答出来，有的甚至可以从文章的原句中直接找到答案。此类题目的出题形式很多，例如：
2015年高考英语全国卷 第二部分阅读理解 第一节 A 【语篇导读】这是一篇广告文体类阅读材料。介绍了四则伦敦运河博物馆每月（八月除外）的第一个星期四的报告主题。 21. C 事实细节题。由第一则报告的首句可知，Chris Lewis所做的报告“运河先驱”中，James Brindley被公认为早期最重要的运河设计师。由此可知C项正确。 22. D 事实细节题。由题干中的“February”可将答案锁定在“February 6th”的话题“An Update on the Costwold Canals”中。显然答案为D。 23. A 事实细节题。根据题干中的关键词islands, the Thames可知答案在“March 6th”中。Miranda Vickers 在其报告“Eyots and Aits—Thames Islands”中对泰晤士河中的岛屿做了一个全景的回顾。因此答案为A。 B 【语篇导读】这是一篇记叙文。“我”生活在美国东北部的纽约，那儿的冬季实在让人难以忍受。一次去佛罗里达的Sarasota度周末的机会让“我”深切感受到了宜人的气候是多么令人惬意。尤其是那又大、又软又圆的西红柿。 24. B．推理判断题。由第一段最后一句“dulled by months of cold-weather root vegetables”所提供的信息尤其是dulled一词的意义可以推测纽约寒冷的冬季是令人厌烦的。故答案为B。 25. D。事实细节题。根据首段末句可知，让作者最感惬意的事情是逛一逛早七点的农贸市场。因此D项为最佳答案。 26. B。推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，作者之所以不再购买冬季的西红柿是因为不论商店里的西红柿看起来多么诱人，买到家里就会变得又干又硬，索然无味。故选B项。 27. C。推理判断题。由最后一段所述可知，Brown’s Grove Farm是新开业的一家餐馆。Jack Dusty是供货方之一。再结合“I was planning to have dinner that very night.”一句可知作者打算去那儿用餐。因此答案为C。 C 【语篇导读】这篇短文主要介绍了现代著名艺术家Dali的作品风格及the world of Dali中的展品情况。28. B。推理判断题。短文首段介绍了艺术家Dali的作品。由“…with an exhibition bring together over 200 paintings, sculptures, drawings and more.”一句可知，Dali的作品众多，是一个多产画家。故答案为B。29. A。推理判断题。根据第一段“…the visitors will find the best pieces, most importantly the Persistence of Memory”可知，该作品在Dali的最佳作品中是最重要的，由此可以推断它是Dali的杰作之一。 30. D。事实细节题。根据第二段末句中的“…follo ws a path of time and subject.”可知，Dali的作品是按时间和主题进行布展的。答案选D。 31. A。词义猜测题。由最后一段可知，展出的作品主要来源于两个途径：一是与马德里的一家艺术馆密切合作；一是靠像Salvador Dali Museum这样的机构的捐赠。联系全文大意及前一分句不难推测其它机构捐赠的是艺术作品。因此答案为A。 D 【语篇导读】这是一篇议论文。作者从La Chope咖啡馆的经营特色谈起，介绍了巴黎的一些主题咖啡馆经营理念的变化及其大受欢迎的原因。 32. D。推理判断题。根据短文第一段第二句“”可知，顾客在这里可以学着与他们内心的真实情感取得联系。亦即将自己的真实情感表达出来。故答案为D。 33. A。推理判断题。由第二段“Over the years, Parisian cafes have fallen victim to changes in the French lifestyle…”一句可知，在过去的几年里，巴黎咖啡馆的生意因法国人生活方式的变化而受损。由此可以推断，人们不再那么频繁地光顾咖啡馆了。因此答案为A。
【英语】中考英语阅读理解真题经典1 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．根据短文内容出选择正确答案。 B Do you want to live a happier, less stressful life? Try laughing for no reason at all. That's how thousands of people start their day at Laughter （笑声）Clubs around the world and many doctors now think that having a good laugh might be one of the best ways to stay healthy. The first Laughter Club was started in Mumbai, India, in 1995 by Dr. Madan Kataria. "Young children laugh about 300 times a day. Adults laugh between 7 and 15 times a day," says Dr. Kataria. "Everyone is naturally good at laughing-it's the universal language. We want people to feel happy with their lives." There are now more than 500 Laughter Clubs in India and over l,300 in the world. Many doctors are also interested in the effects （效果） of laughter on our health. According to a 5-year study at the UCLA School of Medicine in California, with laughing there is less stress in the body. Laughter improves our health against illness by about 40%. So what happens at a Laughter Club? I went along to my nearest club in South London to find out. I was quite nervous at the beginning of the class, to be honest, I wasn't interested in laughing with a group of strangers, and I was worried about looking stupid. Our laughter teacher told us to clap our hands and say “ho ho ho, ha ha ha.” while looking at each other. However, our bodies can't tell the difference between real laughter and unreal laughter, so they still produce the same healthy effects. Surprisingly, it worked! After ten minutes everybody in the room was laughing for real and some people just couldn't stop! At the end of the class I was surprised by how relaxed-and comfortable I felt. So if you're under stress, then start laughing. You might be very pleased with the results! （1）The first Laughter Club was started in __________. A. India B. America C. Britain D. China （2）How many Laughter Clubs are there in the world today? A. Over 300. B. Over 500. C. Over 800. D. Over l,300. （3）How did the writer feel at the beginning of the class? A. Surprised. B. Pleased C. Nervous. D. Tired. （4）When did the people in the club begin to laugh for real? A. After ten minutes. B. After ten hours. C. After ten seconds. D. After ten days.（5）The article mainly tells us __________.
【英语】中考英语阅读理解真题 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 As far back as he could remember, Larry had wanted to go to Hollywood and become a film star. The young man's hopes for success were broken again and again. However, Hollywood was just everything to him. When he first came to California? Larry had decided never to give up and return home without success. Therefore, he kept on trying. "Some day," he told himself, "my big chance would come." Larry found a job—parking cars at one of Hollywood's big restaurants. His pay was low, but since the guests were kind enough to give him more money, he managed to make a living. One day he recognized an important film director driving into the parking lot and getting out of his car. Larry had recently heard that the man was ready to make a new picture. Larry got into the car and prepared to drive it on into the lot and park it. Then he stopped, jumped out, and ran over to the director. "Excuse me, sir, but I think it's only fair to tell you that it's now or never if you want me in your next picture. A lot of big companies are after me." Instead of pushing away the boy, the director laughed, then wrote something on a card and handed it to the young man. "Come and see me tomorrow." Larry got a small part in the director's next film. He was on his way! （1）It's clear that Larry's job—parking cars ________. A. helped him make a lot of money B. brought him the hope to be a film star C. made him fail again and again in getting into Hollywood D. gave him few chances to meet stars （2）The film director asked Larry to meet him the next day because _______. A. he needed a driver very much B. Larry would become a star C. some big companies would give him a job D. Larry expressed his hope in a wise way （3）We can learn from the story that _______. A. the film director knew Larry's hard experience before B. Larry managed to be a part in the new film C. the job parking cars could bring young people everything D. the new film was not so important for the director （4）"He was on his Way" refers to the fact that _______. A. he gave up and returned home B. he began to work towards success C. he drove the director's car to Hollywood D. he had a long way to go to be in the film （5）The story mainly wants to tell us _______. A. it was hard for Larry, to find a job in a restaurant in Hollywood B. Larry was so lucky to meet the director in the parking lot C. why Larry could remember many things before D. how Larry succeeded- in his new life in Hollywood 【答案】（1）B
中考英语阅读目录 Crazy Reading 1 The Sphinx (2) Crazy Reading 2 Blogging (6) Crazy Reading 3 Blockbuster Movies (10) Crazy Reading 4 Body Language (14) Crazy Reading 5 The Tour de France (18) Crazy Reading 6 Left-Handedness (23) Crazy Reading 7 Jennifer Lopez (27)
Crazy Reading 1 The Sphinx Answer the following questions. 1．What do you know about the famous monument in Egypt? ______________________ 2．Do you know any other Egyptian monuments? _______________________________ 3．What are some famous monuments in your country? ____________________________ Match each word with the best meaning. 1．_____ archaeologist a．to make something look like it did when it was new 2．____ cane b．easy to see 3．______ crawl c．a stick made of wood or metal used to help a person walk 4．______ monument d．to move slowly and close to the ground 5．____ restore e．a person, animal, or thing made from wood, stone, or metal 6．____riddle f．to show great respect for 7．____ statue g．a question that requires cleverness to answer 8．____ strangle h．to kill someone by squeezing their neck so they can’t breathe 9．______visible i．a sculpture or building built in memory of a person or historical event For any tourist visiting Egypt, there are two things that everyone must see. The first is the 173-meter-high Great Pyramid of Giza, the largest of all the pyramids in Egypt. The second is the Great Sphinx of Giza, a sculpture with the body of a lion and the head of a man, which stands 20 meters tall and 73 meters long. The origin of the Great Sphinx of Giza goes back 5,000 years, Although many sphinx sculptures have been found over the years, researchers believe that the Great Sphinx which guards the pyramids in Giza was actually the first one to be made (around 2600-2500B.C.). The head of the Sphinx represents Khafre, the Pharaoh who ruled Egypt at the time. About two thousand years later, around 570 B.C., sand had covered all but the head of the Great Sphinx. The people living in the area had forgotten the history of the statue, so they imagined that the head represented the sun god Ra and began worshiping it. The son of Pharaoh Amenhotep II heard the head speak to him in a dream. The Sphinx’s head made him promise to clear the sand from the statue’s body. The son, Thutmose, kept his word and did what he was told in the dream. He also built walls around the statue to prevent the sand from covering it again. After all of the sand was cleared away, Thutmose made a large stone tablet that told the story of his dream. He placed this tablet between the two front feet of the Sphinx, where it stands to this day. For hundreds of years, the Sphinx attracted people both as a religious monument and as a work of art. But eventually, the desert sand once again covered the Sphinx, leaving only
2017届全国高考英语阅读理解汇编（1）英语试卷SYS201708100601 一、阅读理解 详细信息 1. 难度：中等 阅读理解。 Many of us still tend to think that emotions can affect reasonable thought，and sometimes land us in trouble. But in recent years psychologists have taken quite a different view. Keith Oatley，Professor of Psychology at Glasgow University，is involved in the research which shows the fundamental importance of emotions. He believes we are very ambivalent about them：we think of our emotions as being unreasonable，but we also consider them as essential to being human.For example，Mr Spock，a character in the television series Star Trek，is superintelligent and he has no emotions at all.However，he is never made captain of the spaceship.Maybe，this is because Mr Spock is not the kind of person you can share your feelings with—a person who shows his emotions. As Professor Oatley points out，our emotions have very important functions，for example，fear.If we cross the road and a car approaches，we usually stop moving or step back.We stop what we are doing，check what we have done and pay very careful attention to the environment.The emotion of fear makes us take this small series of actions which，on average，help preserve our safety. On the other hand，if things are going well and small problems come up，we find we can solve them with the resources we have to hand.As a consequence，we tend to feel happy and usually continue doing the job. Anger is an emotion that tends to occur when someone is preventing us from doing something.Then this small “kit” of reactions enables us to prepare ourselves to be quite aggressive to that person，or to try harder，and so on. Professor Oatley believes emotions generally occur at these important moments in actions.With fear and anger our emotions make us decide to start doing something else，while with happiness they “suggest” we continue what we are already doing. 1.What’s Keith Oatley’s opinion about emotions? A．They affect reasonable thought. B．They get us into trouble. C．They are helpful to us. D．They are reasonable. 2.What does the underlined part “we are very ambivalent about them”in Paragraph 2 mean? A．We have contradictory feelings towards emotions. B．We have similar ideas of emotions.
【英语】中考英语阅读理解测试题及答案经典 一、初三英语阅读理解（含答案详细解析） 1．阅读理解 Radio and television are very popular in the world today. Millions of people watch TV. Perhaps more people listen to the radio. The TV, of course, is more useful than the radio. On TV you can see and hear what is happening in the world. Now the radio is not disappearing. It's still with us. And the number of listeners is becoming larger. One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. The transistor radio is sometimes very small. It is very easy to carry. You can put one in your pocket and listen to it on the bus when you go to work. It is better for blind people. Many old people don't have good sight （视力）to watch TV. When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio. What's more，the radio is much cheaper than the TV. （1）After the television was invented，people ____. A. think it is unnecessary to use the radio B. don't want to use the radio any more C. are still using the radio D. find the radio is disappearing （2）One of the reasons for the larger number of listeners of the radio is that ____. A. the TV was invented B. the transistor radio was invented C. people don't like watching TV D. millions of people watch TV （3）____ listen to the radio more because their sight isn't good enough. A. Children B. Young people C. Old people D. Adults （4）Usually ____ can be used easily while people are moving or working. A. the radio B. the TV C. both the TV and the radio D. neither the radio nor the TV 【答案】（1）C （2）B （3）C （4）A 【解析】【分析】大意：本文讲述收音机和电视机在世界上的很受欢迎，电视与收音机比，电视更有用，然而收音机由于体积小便宜，便于携带，听众也越来越多，深受老年人喜爱。 （1）细节题。根据Perhaps more people listen to the radio.可知，电视发明后，人们依然使用收音机，故选C。 （2）细节题。根据One reason for this is the invention of the transistor（晶体管）radio. 可知，收音机听众的数量更多其中一个原因是晶体管收音机被发明，故选B。 （3）推断题。根据 Many old people don't have good sight（视力）to watch TV.可知，老年人由于视力不好听广播的人更多，故选C。 （4）细节题。根据When people are working，they can't watch TV but they can listen to music or news over the radio.可知，通常人们移动或者工作时可以听收音机，故选A。 【点评】考查阅读理解。细节题和推断题是阅读理解题中常考题型。细节题需要从文中寻