EXERCISES 2
I .Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible:
1) Can you guess the writer's occupation, and perhaps, his nationality?
2) What do you think was the aim of the visit?
3) What thoughts were on his mind? Were there other visitors from abroad? Did they share his views? How do you know?
4) What was his attitude towards Hiroshima?
5) Were the Japanese preoccupied with the same thoughts as the writer was ?
6) Was Hiroshima in any way different from other Japanese cities?
7) The bomb was dropped on Hiroshima in August 1945. How has the city been rebuilt since then?
8) Even in this short description one may find some of the problems of Japan, or at least, of Hiroshima. Can you say what they are?
9) Why didn' t the writer ask the patients of the atomic ward the questions he had prepared in advance?
10) What was the answer he read in every eye
Ⅱ .Paraphrase:
1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them.
2) The cab driver’ s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler.
3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt.
4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks.
5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.
6) After three days in Japan, the spinal column becomes extraordinarily flexible.
7) I was about to make my little bow of assent, when the meaning of these last words sank in, jolting me out of my sad reverie.
8) I thought somehow I had been spared.
III .Translate the following into Chinese:
1) And secondly, because I had a lump in my throat and a lot of sad thoughts on my mind that had little to do with anything a Nippon railways official might say. The very act of stepping on this soil, in breathing this air of Hiroshima, was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I' d previously taken. Was
1 not at the scene of the crime?
2) Quite unexpectedly, the strange emotion which had
over-whelmed me at the station returned, and I was again crushed by the thought that I now stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment, where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second, where thousands upon thou-sands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony.
3) “There are two different schools of thought in this city of oysters, one that would like to preserve traces of the bomb, and the other that would like to get rid of everything, even the monument that was erected at the point of impact."
4) "If you bear any visible scars of atomic burns, your children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not."
5) "Each day that I escape death, each day of suffering that helps to free me from earthly cares, I make a new little paper bird, and add it to the others. This way I look at them and congratulate myself on the good fortune that illness has brought me. Because, thanks to it, I have the opportunity to improve my character. "
IV ? Explain how the following adjectives are formed. Give exam-ples to illustrate the different ways of compounding adjectives.
1) timesaving, painstaking
2) man-made, poverty-stricken
3) carefree, snow-white
4) porcelain-faced, chicken-hearted
5) sad-eyed, low-ceilinged
6) longstanding, good-looking
7) full-fledged, ready-made
V .Explain how the meaning of the following sentences is affected when the italicized words are replaced with the words in brackets. Pay attention to the shades of meaning of the words.
1) That must be what the man shouted. (was)
2) Was I not at the scene of the crime? ( Was I at the scene...?)
3) Elderly ladies rubbed shoulders with teen-agers. (old)
4) He grinned at me in the rear-view mirror. (smiled, laughed)
5) He sketched a little map on the back of my invitation. (drew)
6) I treaded cautiously on the tatami matting. (carefully)
7) I stood on the site of the first atomic bombardment. (spot)
8) They would also like to demolish the atomic museum. (destroy)
9) It is the gayest city in Japan. (most delightful)
10) The old fisherman gazed at me politely and with
interest.( stared)
VI. Replace the italicized words with simple, everyday words:
1) The very act... was for me a far greater adventure than any trip or any reportorial assignment I ' d previously taken.
2) as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them ( )
3) Others were using little red telephones that hung on the facades of grocery stores and tobacco shops. ( )
4) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. ( )
5) and experiencing a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks( )
6) where thousands upon thousands of people had been slain in one second ( )
7) where thousands upon thousands of others had lingered on to die in slow agony ( )
8) Seldom has a city gained such world renown. ( )
9) jolting me out of my sad reverie ( )
10) I thought that Hiroshima still felt the impact of the atomic cataclysm. ( )
11) They would also like to demolish the atomic museum.( )
12) your children will encounter prejudice on the part of those who do not ( )
VII. Translate the following into Chinese:
1) What he said just now had little to do with the question under discussion.
2) The site of the battle brought back to him memories of the fiery years of the Anti-Japanese War.
3) He was so absorbed in his work that he was oblivious of the goings-on around him.
4) The newspaper reporters got excited at the very sight of the Nobel Prize winner.
5) -- What was the word the teacher used? I didn' t quite catch it.
- Nor did I, but it sounded very much like "preoccupation".
6) Another turn and we found ourselves in a spacious cavern bigenough to hold a couple of hundred people.
7) People listened with open-mouthed astonishment while the shocking news sank in.
8) Molten iron is poured into the mixer much in the same way as
tea is poured into a cup from a teapot.
9) The unsuccessful operation weighed heavily on the young surgeon' s mind.
10) The general often went to the barracks and rubbed shoulders with the rank and file.
VIII. Choose the right words to complete the following sentences and make changes where necessary.
1) Since the conference was held on Chinese ___, security was no problem. (soil, earth)
2) The ____ here is sandy, and therefore, very poor. (soil, earth)
3) He is so strong that he can carry four basketfuls of at a time. (soil, earth)
4) He is a down-to- sort of fellow. (soil, earth)
5) His face is _ __ me, but I can’ t recall his name. (familiar with, familiar to)
6) Are you _ _ these technical terms? (familiar with, familiar to)
7) I was ___when he told me that he and his brother were born on the same day but were not twins. "We have a sister of the same age, you see' so we are triplets!” He grinned at me and said. (surprise, puzzle)
8) As the Chinese table-tennis players are the best in the world, it was not _ that they took away most of the cups. (surprising, puzzling)
9) He is vain and seldom his mistakes. (admit, confess)
10) As the offender his crime, he was dealt with leniently. (admit, confess)
11) The doctor gave the old man a _ examination and congratulated him on his speedy recovery. (careful, cautious)
12) The troops advanced because the area had been mined by the enemy. (carefully, cautiously)
Ⅸ .Translate the following into English (using the following words or expressions: by trade, to spare, to be oblivious of, to have... to do, mind, very much like, much the same as, to rub shoulders, to smell of, to sink in, very, must):
1)礼堂里一个人都没有，会议一定是延期了。
2)那本书看上去很像个盒子。
3)四川话和湖北话很相似，有时难以区别。
4)一看见纪念碑就想起了在战斗中死去的好友。
5)他陷入沉思之中，没有理会同伴们在谈些什么。
6）他干的事与她毫无关系。
7）她睡不着觉，女儿的病使她心事重重。
8）这件事长期以来一直使我放心不下。
9）他喜欢这些聚会，喜欢与年轻人交往并就各种问题交换意见。
10）大家在几分钟以后才领悟他话中的含意。
11）土壤散发着青草的气味。
12）我可以占用你几分钟的时间吗？
13）你能匀出一张票子给我吗？
14）那个灰头发上了年纪的人是铜匠。
X .Topics for oral work
1) How do the Japanese themselves look at Hiroshima? why?
2) Why did the writer go to Hiroshima? What effect did the visit have on him?
XI .Write a short composition on either of the topics:
1) "Time Marches on in Hiroshima” – a Chinese newsman's report on his recent visit to Hiroshima
2) My Visit to...
习题全解
I .
1)The writer must be an American journalist or reporter.
2)The aim of the visit, I think, was to gather information about Hiroshima today.
3)A lot of sad thoughts were on his mind. There were other visitors from abroad who didn't share his views. The first paragraph shows this to us clearly. 4)He felt a sense of guilt.
5)The Japanese were not preoccupied with the same thought as the writer was.
6)Hiroshima was different from other Japanese cities in that it was destroyed by an atomic bomb on August 6, 1945.
7)Since then, it has been rebuilt with hard work and with the help of education, science and technology.
8)One is an obvious conflict between western influences and the traditional customs. Another is that the impact of the 1945 bomb attack is still felt or seen till now.
9)Because he thought it was unnecessary to do so since the answers were obvious after his talk with the patients.
10)The answer was the Hiroshima was not the liveliest city in Japan.
Ⅱ .
1)They were so absorbed in their conversation that they seemed not to pay any attention to the people around them.
2)As soon as the taxi driver saw a traveler, he immediately opened the door.
3)The traditional floating houses among high modern buildings represent the constant struggle between old tradition and new development.
4)1 suffered from a strong feeling of shame when I thought of the scene of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima wearing my socks only.
5)The few Americans and Germans seemed just as restrained as 1 was．
6)After three days in Japan one gets quite used to bowing to people as a ritual to show gratitude．
7)1 was on the point of showing my agreement by nodding when I suddenly realized what he meant．His words shocked me out my sad dreamy thinking．
8)I thought for some reason or other no harm had been done to me．
Ⅲ．See the translation of the text．
Ⅳ．
1)n．+present participle：epoch—making，face—keeping，time consuming，nerve—wracking
2)n．+past participle：home—made，bedridden，sun—burnt，heartfelt
3)n．+adj．：pitch—dark，headstrong，duty—free，coal—black
4)n．+n．+-ed：lion-hearted，iron-fisted，wall—eyed，brick—walled
5)adj．+n．+-ed：stiff-necked，highminded，dull—witted，warm—blooded，empty—headed，cold—blooded
6)adj．+present participle：high—sounding，hard—working,
plain-sailing，far—reaching
7)adj．+past participle：high—flown，new-born，finespun, high—strung
Ⅴ．
1)was指事实如此；而must be意为“很可能”。
2)“Was I at the scene…?”表示不能断定是不是在那里，而“Was I not at the scene…?”表示肯定是在那里，有“难倒……不是”的意思。
3)elderly意为“上了年纪的”，但不算太老。
4)grin指露齿而笑，有时可指傻笑，但不出声；laugh表示大笑；。mile 一词最常用，指不出声地微笑，可表示开心、满意、喜爱等等。
5)sketch指很快地勾画出轮廓。
6)careful指认真、周全，小心谨慎以免出错；cautious指处处谨小慎微，以防失败或危险。
7)site大多指一块地方，可大可小；它可能是留作特殊用途的地方，如建筑工地(a building site)，也可能指发生某事的地方或场所，如第一枚
原子弹爆炸的地方(site of the first atomic bombardment)。spot所指
地点较小。
8)demolish意义比较实在，指彻底拆除，而destroy仅指破坏。
9)gay意为轻松愉快，兴致高。delightful指有魅力，心情好。
lO)gaze指目不转睛地长久地注视，往往出于好奇、钦羡、着迷等。stare 指盯着看，瞪大眼睛看，往往出于吃惊、羡慕等。
Ⅵ．
1)job，task，duty 2)unaware 3)fronts，by the front doors
4)striking/fascinating/strange / sight；continual，endless， constant
5)sudden，sharp feeling；idea，thought，expectation 6)killed，murdered 7)pain，torture 8)fame 9)daydream，thoughts 1O)atomic disaster 11)tear down， pull down 12)meet with，face
Ⅶ．
1)他刚才所讲的与讨论的问题无关。
2)战场旧址使他回想起那战火纷飞的抗战岁月。
3)他专心致志地工作，完全没有理会周围正在发生的事。
4)记者们看到诺贝尔奖获得者时感到很兴奋。
5)——老师用了个什么字?我没太听清楚。——我也没听清楚，很像是preoccupation。
6)又拐了一个弯，我们来到了一个可容几百人的大岩洞。
7)人们领悟到这骇人听闻的消息之后都惊得目瞪口呆。
8)铁水倒人混铁炉有如把茶水从茶壶倒入茶杯。
9)手术的失败使年青的外科大夫心情沉重。
10)将军常到兵营里去，和普通战士们在一起。
Ⅶ．
1)soil 2)soil 3)earth 4)earth 5)familiar to 6)familiar with 7)puzzled 8)surprising 9)admits
10)had confessed 11)careful 12)cautiously
Ⅸ．
1)There is not a soul in the hall．The meeting must have been put off．
2)The book looks very much like a box. (The book looks much the same as a box. )
3)Sichuan dialect sounds much the same as Hubei dialect. It is sometimes difficult to tell one from the other.
4)The very sight of the monument reminds me of my good friend who was killed in the battle.
5)He was so deep in thought that he was oblivious of what his friends were talking about.
6)What he did had nothing to do with her.
7)She couldn't fall asleep as her daughter's illness was very much on her mind.
8)I have had the matter on my mind for a long time.
9)He loves such gatherings at which he rubs shoulders with young people and exchange opinions with them on various subjects.
10)It was only after a few minutes that his words sank in.
11)The soil smells of fresh grass.
12)Could you spare me a few minutes?
13)Could you spare me a ticket?
14)That elderly grey-haired man is a coppersmith by trade.
X. Omitted.
XI.
My Visit to the European Town
One autumn, my friends and I went to Wuxi on vacation. We decided to visit the European Town first. It is a park located on the side of Tai Lake. Many European scenic spots are built smaller there and a lot of tourists go there for sightseeing everyday. Because they may never have the chance to see the real ones, they pay to see these imitations.
We arrived at the town late in the morning. It began to drizzle as we stepped inside. But the rain didn't decrease our plea-sure because it was more romantic than in the sunlight. I was deeply impressed by the scenery there. The number of European 31style buildings was beyond my imagination. We saw Triumphal Arch and Eiffel Tower of Paris, the Windmills of Holland and many others. Here and there, people were taking pictures. In an excited mood, we strolled to each building. We also took a lot of photos there. I liked the one taken in front of Triumphal Arch most. It was so real that you might think I had been to Paris.
We spent the rest of the day there. It was really an unforgetable experience for me.
高级英语1第1单元练习答案 I. Text Comprehension 1. Decide which of the following best states the author's purpose. A.To condemn with the author's own experience racial discrimination in American society as late as the 1940s. B.To describe the author's trip with her family to Washington D. C. as a graduation present. C.To disclose the fact that the black people were still leading a poor life in the United States. Key: [ A ] 2. Judge, according to the text, whether the following statements are true or false. 1.The author took her first trip to Washington D. C. at the beginning of the summer upon her graduation from the eighth grade. [ T ] 2.The author's sister graduated at the same time from the same school. [ F ] 3.They went at night on a milk train to Washington D. C. because it was cheaper. [ F ] 4.The dining car food in the 1940s always cost too much money and no one could tell whose hands had been playing all over that food, nor where those same hands had been just before. [ F ] 5.Phyllis's high school senior class trip had been to Washington D. C. before, but she didn't enjoy herself at all. [ F ] 6.The author's father, moved by the historical surroundings and the heat of early evening, decided to entertain the family again. [ T ] 7.Insulted by the waitress's words, the author and her family turned around and marched out of the store, quiet but outraged. [ T ] 8.The author wrote and typed her angry letter and managed to mail it to the president of the United States. [ F ] II. Writing Strategies 1. Flashback: A flashback (闪回) is a technique used by writers. It is often used in movies, television and literature. It involves a character remembering something that happened to him in the past. Activity: Besides P aragraph 2, you’re expected to find out some other paragraphs that contain this technique. Tips: Besides Paragraph 2, Paragraphs 6, 8 and 9 contain or involve flashbacks. Here is a movie clip from The Bourne Ultimatum, in which the technique of flashback is used. 2. Symbolism Symbolism in art tries to show not what is real but what could stand instead of what exists. It deals with ideas that aren't physical, mostly. e.g. Moby-Dick: representation of an unknowable God; Scarlet Letter: The scarlet letter “A” is meant to be a symbol of shame, but instead it becomes a powerful symbol of identity to Hester.
Lesson 1 词汇(Vocabulary) Bazaar (n.) : (in Oriental countries)a market or street of shops and stalls(东方国家的)市场，集市 ----------------------------------------------------------------- cavern (n．) : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) ----------------------------------------------------------------- shadowy (adj.) : dim；indistinct模糊的；朦胧的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- FONT style="BACKGROUND-COLOR: cornflowerblue" color=white>harmonious (adj．) : having musical tones combined to give a pleasing effect；consonant(音调)和谐的，悦耳的／harmoniously adv． ----------------------------------------------------------------- throng (n.) :a great number of people gathered together；crowd人群；群集 ----------------------------------------------------------------- conceivable (adj.) : that can be conceived，imagined 可想象的，想得到的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- din (n.) : a loud，continuous noise喧闹声，嘈杂声 ----------------------------------------------------------------- would-be ( adj．) : intended to be预期成为……的；将要成为……的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- muted (adj.) : (of a sound)made softer than is usual(声音)减弱的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- vaulted ( adj．) : having the form of a vault；arched 穹窿形的；拱形的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- sepulchral(n．) : a cave，esp．a large cave洞穴，山洞(尤指大洞穴，大山洞) ----------------------------------------------------------------- shadowy (adj.) : suggestive of the grave or burial；dismal；gloomy坟墓般的；阴森森的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- guild ( n．) : any association for mutual aid and the promotion of common interests互助会；协会 ----------------------------------------------------------------- trestle (n.) :a frame consising of a horizontal beam fastened to two pairs of spreading legs，used to support planks to form a table，platform，etc．支架；脚手台架；搁凳----------------------------------------------------------------- impinge (v．) : strike，hit，or dash；have an effect 撞击，冲击，冲撞；对……具有影响 ----------------------------------------------------------------- fairyland (n.) : the imaginary land where the fairies live；a lovely enchanting place仙境；奇境 ----------------------------------------------------------------- burnish ( v．) : make or become shiny by rubbing；polish擦亮；磨光；抛光 ----------------------------------------------------------------- brazier ( n.) : a metal pan，bowl，etc．，to hold burning coals or charcoal，as for warming a room or grilling food火盆；火钵 ----------------------------------------------------------------- dim ( v．) :make or grow unclear(使)变暗淡；(使)变模糊 ----------------------------------------------------------------- rhythmic /rhythmical ( adj．) :having rhythm有韵律的；有节奏的／rhythmically adv ----------------------------------------------------------------- bellows ( n.) :(sing．&p1.)a device that produces a stream of air through a narrow tube when its sides are pressed together(used for blowing fires，etc．)(单复同)风箱 ----------------------------------------------------------------- intricate ( adj．) :complex；hard to follow or understand because full of puzzling parts，details，or relationships；full of elaborate detail错综复杂的；精心制作的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- exotic ( adj．) :strange or different in a way that is striking or fascinating奇异的；异常迷人的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- sumptuous ( adj．) :involving great expense；costly lavish豪华的；奢侈的；昂贵的 ----------------------------------------------------------------- maze ( n.) : ----------------------------------------------------------------- ( n.) :a confusing，intricate network of winding pathways 迷津；迷宫；曲径 ----------------------------------------------------------------- honeycomb ( v．) :fill with holes like a honeycomb使成蜂窝状 ----------------------------------------------------------------- mosque ( n.) :a Moslem temple or place of worship清真寺；伊斯兰教堂
高级英语第三版第一册课后英译汉答案 Unit1Paraphrase: 1.We’re23feet above sea level. 2.The house has been here since1915,andno hurricane has ever caused any damag e to it. 3.We can make the necessary preparations and survive the hurricane without much damage. 4.Water got into the generator and put it out.It stopped producing electricity,so the lights also went out. 5.Everybody goes out through the back door and runs to the cars! 6.The electrical systems in the car(the battery for the starter)had been put out by w ater. 7.As John watched the water inch its way up the steps,he felt a strong sense of guilt because he blamed himself for endangering the whole family by deciding not to flee i nland. 8.Oh God,please help us to get through this storm safely 9.Grandmother Koshak sang a few words alone and then her voice gradually grew di mmer and finally stopped. 10.Janis displayed the fear caused by the hurricanerather late. 1.每架飞机起飞之前必须经过严格的检查。（check out） Each and every airplane must be checked out thoroughly before taking off. 2.居民坚决反对在附近建立垃圾焚烧厂，因为他们担心工厂排放的气体会污染周围的空气。（waste incineration plant,concerned about） The residents were firmly against the construction of a waste incineration plant in th eir neighborhood because they were deeply concerned about the air pollution emitt ed by the plant. 3.在这个地区，生态工程的投资额高达数十亿。（mount to） In this area,investment in ecological projects mounted up to billions of yuan. 4.干枯的河道里布满了大大小小的石块。（strewn with） The dry riverbed was strewn with rocks of all sizes. 5.虽然战争给这个国家造成巨大的损失，但当地的文化传统并没有消亡。（perish）Although war caused great losses to this country,its local cultural traditi ons did not perish. 6.为了建筑现代化的高楼大厦，许多古老的、具有民族特色的建筑都被拆毁了。（demolish） To make space for modern high rises,a lot of ancient buildings with ethnic cultural fe atures had to be demolished. 7.在地震中多数质量差的房子的主体结构都散架了。（disintegrate） The main structures of most of the poor-quality houses disintegrated in the earthqua ke. 8.他为实现自己的目标付出了最大的努力，但最后美好的梦想还是化为了泡影。
THE LOONS 课后习题答案/answer I . 1)The Tonnerres were poor The basis of their dwelling was a small square cabin made of poles and mud, which had been built some fifty years before. As the Tonnerres had increased in number, their settlement had been added, until thc clearing at the foot of the town hill was a chaos of lean-tos, wooden packing cases, warped lumber, discarded car tyres, ramshackle chicken coops, tangled strands of barbed wire and rusty tin cans. 2)Sometimes, one of them would get involved in a fight on Main Street and be put for the night in the barred cell underneath the Court House. 3)Because she had had tuberculosis of the bone, and should have a couple of months rest to get better. 4)Her mother first objected to take Piquette along because she was afraid that the girl would spread the disease to her children and she believed that the girl was not hygienic. She then agreed to do so because she preferred Piquette to the narrator's grandmother, who promised not to go along with the family and decided to stay in the city if the girl was taken along. 5)The cottage was called Macleod, their family name. The scenery there was quite beautiful with all kinds of plants and animals at the lakeside. 6)The narrator knew that maybe Piquette was an Indian descendant who knew the woods quite well, so she tried to ask Piquette to go and play in the wood and tell her stories about woods. 7)Because Piquette thought the narrator was scorning and showing contempt for her Indian ancestors, which was just opposite to her original intention. 8)Because the narrator felt somewhat guilty. Piquette stayed most of the time in the cottage and hardly played with the narrator. At the same time, she felt there was in Piquette something strange and unknown and unfathomable. 9)That was the very rare chance she was unguarded and unmasked, so that the author could perceive her inner world. 10)Her full name is Vanessa Macleod. 11)Just as the narrator's father predicted, the loons would go away when more cottages were built at the lake with more people moving in. The loons disappeared as nature was ruined by civilization. In a similar way, Piquette and her people failed to find their position in modern society. Ⅱ. 1)who looked deadly serious, never laughed 2)Sometimes old Jules, or his son Lazarus, would get involved in a rough, noisy quarrel or fight on a Saturday night after much drinking of liquor. 3)She often missed her classes and had little interest in schoolwork. 4)I only knew her as a person who would make other people feel ill at ease. 5)She lived and moved somewhere within my range of sight (Although I saw her, I paid little attention to her). 6)If my mother had to make a choice between Grandmother Macleod and
第二课 广岛——日本“最有活力”的城市 (节选) 雅各?丹瓦“广岛到了!大家请下车!”当世界上最快的高速列车减速驶进广岛车站并渐渐停稳时，那位身着日本火车站站长制服的男人口中喊出的一定是这样的话。我其实并没有听懂他在说些什么，一是因为他是用日语喊的，其次，则是因为我当时心情沉重，喉咙哽噎，忧思万缕，几乎顾不上去管那日本铁路官员说些什么。踏上这块土地，呼吸着广岛的空气，对我来说这行动本身已是一个令人激动的经历，其意义远远超过我以往所进行的任何一次旅行或采访活动。难道我不就是在犯罪现场吗? 这儿的日本人看来倒没有我这样的忧伤情绪。从车站外的人行道上看去，这儿的一切似乎都与日本其他城市没什么两样。身着和服的小姑娘和上了年纪的太太与西装打扮的少年和妇女摩肩接踵；神情严肃的男人们对周围的人群似乎视而不见，只顾着相互交淡，并不停地点头弯腰，互致问候：“多么阿里伽多戈扎伊马嘶。”还有人在使用杂货铺和烟草店门前挂着的小巧的红色电话通话。 “嗨!嗨!”出租汽车司机一看见旅客，就砰地打开车门，这样打着招呼。“嗨”，或者某个发音近似“嗨”的什么词，意思是“对”或“是”。“能送我到市政厅吗?”司机对着后视镜冲我一笑，又连声“嗨!”“嗨!”出租车穿过广岛市区狭窄的街巷全速奔驰，我们的身子随着司机手中方向盘的一次次急转而前俯后仰，东倒西歪。与此同时，这
座曾惨遭劫难的城市的高楼大厦则一座座地从我们身边飞掠而过。 正当我开始觉得路程太长时，汽车嘎地一声停了下来，司机下车去向警察问路。就像东京的情形一样，广岛的出租车司机对他们所在的城市往往不太熟悉，但因为怕在外国人面前丢脸，却又从不肯承认这一点。无论乘客指定的目的地在哪里，他们都毫不犹豫地应承下来，根本不考虑自己要花多长时间才能找到目的地。 这段小插曲后来终于结束了，我也就不知不觉地突然来到了宏伟的市政厅大楼前。当我出示了市长应我的采访要求而发送的请柬后，市政厅接待人员向我深深地鞠了一躬，然后声调悠扬地长叹了一口气。 “不是这儿，先生，”他用英语说道。“市长邀请您今天晚上同其他外宾一起在水上餐厅赴宴。您看，就是这儿。”他边说边为我在请柬背面勾划出了一张简略的示意图。 幸亏有了他画的图，我才找到一辆出租车把我直接送到了运河堤岸，那儿停泊着一艘顶篷颇像一般日本房屋屋顶的大游艇。由于地价过于昂贵，日本人便把传统日本式房屋建到了船上。漂浮在水面上的旧式日本小屋夹在一座座灰黄色摩天大楼之间，这一引人注目的景观正象征着和服与超短裙之间持续不断的斗争。 在水上餐厅的门口，一位身着和服、面色如玉、风姿绰约的迎宾女郎告诉我要脱鞋进屋。于是我便脱下鞋子，走进这座水上小屋里的一个低矮的房间，蹑手蹑脚地踏在柔软的榻榻米地席上，因想到要这样穿着袜子去见广岛市长而感到十分困窘不安。
Lesson One 1. And it is an activity only of humans. And conversation is an activity found only among human beings. 2. Conversation is not for making a point. Conversation is not for persuading others to accept our ideas or points of views. 3. In fact, the best conversationalists are those who are prepared to lose. In fact , people who are good at conversation will not argue to win or force others to accept his ideas. 4. Bar friends are not deeply involved in each other’s lives. People who meet each other for a drink in the bar of a pub are not close friends for they are not deeply absorbed in each other’s private lives. 5. ....it could still go ignorantly on ... The conversation could go on without anybody knowing who was right or wrong. 6. There are cattle in the fields ,but we sit down to beef. These animals are called cattle when they are alive and feed in the fields , but when we sit down at the table to eat, we call their meet beef. 7. The new ruling class had built a cultural barrier against him by building their French against his own language. The new ruling class by using French instead of English made it hard for the English to accept or absorb the culture of the rulers. 8. English had come royally into its own. English received proper recognition and was used by the King once more. 9. The phrase has always been used a little pejoratively and even facetiously by the lower classes. The phrase , the King’s English ,has always been used disrespectfully and jokingly by the lower classes.(The working people often mock the proper and formal language of the educated people.) 10. The rebellion against a cultural dominance is still there. As the early Saxon peasants , the working people still have a spirit of opposition to the cultural authority of the ruling class. 11. There is always a great danger that “ words will harden into things for us. “ There is always a great danger , as Carlyle put it , that we might forget that words are only symbols and take them for things they are supposed to represent. Translation
中东的集市 1．中东的集市仿佛把你带回到了几百年、甚至几千年前的时代。此时此刻显现在我脑海中的这个中东集市，入口处是一座哥特式拱门，门上的砖石年代久远。穿过耀眼、灼热的大型露天广场进入集市，仿佛走入了一个凉爽、幽暗的洞穴。集市蜿蜒伸展，一眼望不到尽头，最后消失在远处的阴影里。赶集的人们络绎不绝地进出市场，挂着铃铛的小毛驴穿行于熙熙攘攘的人群中，边走边发出和谐悦耳的叮当声。集市的路面约有十二英尺宽，但每隔几码远就会因为设在路边的小货摊的挤占而变窄；那儿出售的货物各种各样，应有尽有。你一走进市场，就可以听到摊贩们的叫卖声，赶毛驴的小伙计和脚夫们大着嗓门叫人让道的吆喝声，还有那些想买东西的人们与摊主讨价还价的争吵声。各种各样的噪声此伏彼起，不绝于耳，简直叫人头晕。 2.随后，当你走人集市的深处，人口处的喧闹声渐渐消失，眼前便是清静的布市了。这里的泥土地面，被无数双脚板踩踏得硬邦邦的，人走在上面几乎听不到脚步声了，而拱形的泥砖屋顶和墙壁也难得产生什么回音效果。布店的店主们一个个都是轻声细语、慢条斯理的样子；买布的顾客们在这种沉闷压抑的气氛感染下，自然而然地也学着店主们的样子，低声细语地说话。 3.中东集市的特点之一是经销同类商品的店家，不是分散在集市各处以避免相互间的竞争，而是都集中在一块儿，这样既便于让买主知道上哪儿找他们，同时他们自己也可以紧密地联合起来，结成同盟，以便共同反对迫害和不公正待遇。例如，在布市上，所有卖衣料、窗帘布、椅套布等的商贩都把货摊一个接一个地排设在马路两边，每一个店铺门面前都摆有一张陈列商品的搁板桌和一些存放货物的货架。讨价还价是人们习以为常的事。头戴面纱的妇女们迈着悠闲的步子从一个店铺逛到另一个店铺，一边挑选一边问价；在她们缩小选择范围并开始正儿八经杀价之前，往往总要先同店主谈论几句，探探价底。 4. 对于顾客来说，不到最后一刻绝不能让店主猜到她心里究竟中意哪样东西、想买哪样东西，因为这是个关乎面子的事情。假如店主猜中了她所要买的商品的话，他便会漫天要价，而且在还价过程中不肯做出让步。而在卖主那一方来说，他必须竭尽全力地声称，他开出的价钱根本无利可图，而他之所以愿意这样做完全是出于他本人对顾客的敬重。顾客有时来了又去，去了又来，因此，像这样讨价还价的情形有可能持续一整天，甚至好几天。 5.集市上最引人注目、给人印象最深刻的地方之一是铜器市场。你一走近这里，耳朵里便只听得见金属器皿互相碰击时所发出的一阵阵砰砰啪啪、丁丁当当的响声；走得越近，响声便越来越大，越
Lesson 1 Question: 1. Why did John Koshak decide to stay although he knew the hurricane would be bad? For the following reasons: For one thing, the house was 23 feet above sea level; for another,he was unwilling to abandon his home. 2. How did the man prepare for the hurricane? Why was a generator necessary? They filled bathtubs and pails. Besides, they checked out batteries for portable radio and flashlights, and fuel for the lantern. A generator was necessary because John's father wired several light bulbs to it and prepared a connection to the refrigerator. 3. What made it impossible for the Koshak to escape? It was impossible for the Koshers to escape both by car and on foot. The car's electrical system had been killed by water. Meanwhile, the water became too deep for them to escape on foot. 4. Why did John Koshak feel a crushing guilt? Because he blamed himself for underestimating the power of the hurricane and then endangering the whole family by his wrong decision not to flee safer inland. 5. Why did Grandma Koshak ask children to be sing? A: Because she knew how frightened the children were and wanted to boost their spirit. 6. What was a hurricane party? What happened to the party gores? A hurricane party was the one that was held by several vacationers to enjoy the spectacle of the hurricane with a clear and broad view in the fancy Richelieu Apartments from where they believed they would be safe. Richelieu Apartments were smashed apart by the hurricane and 26 people perished. 7. What did Grandma Koshak mean when she said," We lost practically all our possessions, but the family came through it. When I think of that, I realize we lost nothing important?" She meant that human lives are more important than material possessions. 8. How did the community of Gulfport act after Hurricane Camille was over? They managed to make their lives return to normal and began rebuilding their community without any delay. Paraphrase: 1. We're elevated 23 feet. Our house is 23 feet above sea level. 2. The place has been here since 1915, and no hurricane has ever bothered it. The house was built in 1915 and since then no hurricane has done any damage to it. 3. We can batten down and ride it out. We can prepare ourselves for the hurricane and manage to survive it without much damage. 4. The generator was doused, and the lights went out. Water got into the generator, and it didn't work. As a result, the lights were put out. 5. Everybody out the back door to the cars! Everybody go out though the back door and get into the cars. 6. The electrical system had been killed by water. The electrical system in the cars had been destroyed by water. 7. John watched the water lap at the steps, and felt a crushing guilt. When John watched the water inch its way up the steps, he felt a strong sense of guilt because he b
1) Little donkeys thread their way among the throngs of people 2) Then as you penetrate deeper into the bazaar, the noise of the entrance fades away, and you come to the muted cloth-market. 3) They narrow down their choice and begin the really serious business of beating the price down. 4) He will price the item high, and yield little in the bargaining. 5) As you approach it, a tinkling and banging and clashing begins to impinge on your ear.
1) Serious looking men spoke to one another as if they were oblivious of the crowds about them. 2) The cab driver’s door popped open at the very sight of a traveler. 3) The rather arresting spectacle of little old Japan adrift amid beige concrete skyscrapers is the very symbol of the incessant struggle between the kimono and the miniskirt. 4) I experienced a twinge of embarrassment at the prospect of meeting the mayor of Hiroshima in my socks. 5) The few Americans and Germans seemed just as inhibited as I was.