科技英语翻译480句
科技英语翻译480句(一）时间
一，时间
1. When a wire is broken by bending it back and forth rapidly, some of the work is transformed into heat and the wire gets hot.
当把导线快速地（通过）来回弯曲折断时，部分功就转换成热，所以导线变热．
2. When the moon changes it position, so do the orientation of the tide-generating forces and the position of the equilibrium tide.
当月亮的位置改变时，引潮力的取向和平衡潮的位置也改变了．
3. The water vapor will change from its invisible state to condense into visible moisture when the dew point temprature is reched.
当露点温度达到时，水气将从其看不见的状态凝结成可见的水分．
4.When a user requests a set of resources, it must be determined whether the allocation of these resources will leave the system in safe state.
当用户要求一组资源时，必须确定这些资源的分配是否会让系统处于安全状态．
5.As the number of users sharing the segment increases, so does the difficulty of finding an acceptable segment number.
当合同程序段的用户数目增加时，查找可接受的程序段的号码的困难也增加．
6. The aire pressure begins falling accordingly as a typhoon comes near.
随着台风的临近，气压开始下降．
7.While they are waiting in the ready queue, the I/O devices are idle.
当它们在就绪队列中等待时，输入／输出装置则空闲着．
8. At the same time the waves are fanning out, they are also separating by wavelength, a process known as dispersion.
当这些波向外扩散时，它们也在按波长分开，这一过程叫频散．
9.Current stars flowing at the very moment when we close the circuit.
当我们一接通线路，电流马上就开始出现．
10. Meteorlogy entered a period of rapid advance about the time the Bjerknes' cyclone model appeared.
大约在Bjerknes的气旋模型问世前后，气象学进入了一个迅速发展的时期．
11. While in the form of radiation, the energy may travel a tremendous distance before being absorbed or changed back into heat.
当能量以辐射能形式存在时，可以在经过很长距离后，才被吸收或转化为热．
12. When moving over land, a typhoon is gradually decreased in severity.
当台风在陆地上移动时，其猛烈性逐渐减弱．
13. It is only when particles are close enough to exert relatively large forces on one another that they are able to set each other into this type of vibration.
只有当粒子紧密到能够相互施加较大的力时，它们才能使彼此产生这样的振动．
14.Only when its melting-point temperature is reached does iron start to pass into a liquid.
只有当熔点温度达到时，铁才开始变成液体．
15. Only if the component vectors are on a straight line will the length of the vector for the sum be equal to the sum of the lengths of these components or to thier difference.
只有当几个分矢量在一直线上，那么表示其和的矢量长度才会等于这些分量的长度和或它们的差．
16. Whenever occasion arises intensive observations are to be done to get the information on the fine structure of the atmospheric event.
每当必要时，应该进行加密观测以便获得这一大气事件的细微结构的资料．
17. Whenever a wave moves out from a source in uniform medium, it travels in straight lines.
每当（凡是）波从均匀介质中的波源移出时，它都呈现直线传播．
18. Each time the current changes directions, a period of no current, known as slack water, intervenes.
每当潮流改变方向时，中间都有一段叫做平潮的无潮流阶段．
19.As a rule, the temperature in the troposhere decreases steadily with increasing altitude until the tropopause is reached.
通常对流层温度直到对流层顶都是随高度增加而不断地减小的．
20. The jetstream was not fully recognized as a meteorological entity until 1949.
直到１９４９年急流才作为一种气象实体现象为人们充分认识到．
21. The seeds did not start germinating until late March becasue of a long spell of drought.
由于一段很长时间的干旱直到３月下旬这些种子才开始发芽．
22. Not until August 1974 did the expeditionary obervations begin.
直到１９７４年８月考察（探险）活动才开始．
23. A piece of metal left in the sun rises in temperature until it loses heat at the same rate at while it absorbs heat.
一片放在阳光下的金属，其温度要上升到它吸收热量和失去热量的速率相等时才停止．24. In the simplest case, we start the requested I/O and wait until it iscomplete before returning control to the user program.
在最简单的情况下，我们启动一个I/O请求，且一直等到它实现再（才）使控制器返回到用户程序．
25. The weather remained the same until after June.
那种天气一直维持到６月以后．
26. By the time witer begins, coastal waters are thoroughly mixed, with virtually no temperture or salinity differences between surface and bottom waters.
到冬季快要开始的时候，沿岸的海水已经彻底混合，表层和底层的水几乎没有什么温度差和盐度差了．
27. If there is a page fault, all the old values are written back into memory before the trap occurs. 如果有页面错误，则在自陷中断产生之前，所有原来的数值都要写回存储器．
28.Such observations must be processed before we can utilize them.
在我们能应用这些观测资料之前，它们必须进行处理．
29. But thirty years were to elapse before suitable instruments were available to allow adetailed and systematic investigation.
但是竟然过了３０年才出现了适用的仪器让我们对之进行细微的系统的考察．
30. It was a few years before a breakthrough was made in this field.
过了几年在这一领域才有了突破．
31. Small objects such as dust particles and water droplets fall only small distances before losing most of their acceleration.
向尘埃和小水滴这种小物体只下降很短距离就失去它们的大部分加速度。
32. Ship may have to wait for days before finding a time when incoming waves and tidal currents are right, permitting them to enter the harbor with safety.
船只必须等待多日才能等到合适的波和潮流，从而使得它们能安全地进港。
33. After the concept of temperature became understood, there were many years of scientific development before the read nature of hest was established.
在人们理解了温度的概念以后，又经过多年的科学研究确定了热的真正性质。
34. Even after air masses move far from their original breeding ground source, they may still be recognized by their characteristics.
即使在气团远离其原来的生成源地以后，它们仍然可根据其属性而被识别出来。
35. Since the computer came into being science and technology have made great advances.
自计算机问世以来，科学技术已取得巨大进展。
36. Cold fog dispersal has been an operational success in the U.S. since 1963.
美国自1963年以来，冷雾消散在实际操作上一直是成功的。
37. Fog dispersal research has since followed the line.
自那时以来消雾研究一直遵循这个方向。
38. It is only since the 1980s that much attention has been given to the phenomenon.
只是从80年代以来，人们才很重视这一现象。
39. As soon as the tropopause is reached, temperature stops decreasing with height.
一达到对流层，温度就停止随高度上升。
40. The study of electricity had hardly begun when Franklin, in 1752, conducted his dangerous kite experiment in a thunderstorm, founding the science of atmospheric electricity.
电学研究刚一开始，富兰克林就于1752年在雷暴云中进行了危险的风筝试验，从而奠定了大气电学的基础。
41. The data had no sooner been charted than analysis was started.
资料刚在图上填完，分析就开始了。
42. Sprinkling creates water particles in the air that reduce outgoing radiation, but plant temperature declines immediately on cessation of the operation.
喷洒在空气中产生小水滴，它们使射出辐射减小，但是喷洒一停止，植物本身温度立刻下降。
43. Upon reaching this level, temperature no longer increases with altitude.
一达到这个高度，气温就不再随高度上升。
44. Once the cold water enters the flack, the vapor pressure falls quickly.
一旦冷水进入长颈瓶，水气压就迅速下降。
45. Once common functions are written in assembly language they could then be copied into a new program without having to be written again.
一旦用汇编语言来编写公用程序，它们就不必重新书写而可被复制到新的程序中去。
46. In our experiment, heavy rain was received shortly after the plots were (had been) drilled.
在我们的试验中，这几块地条播后不久就下了大雨。
47. It was found that on light clays, no-till planting may begin 1—2dayss sooner after rain than conventional planting.
人们发现在淡色粘土地里，雨后免耕栽种可比常规栽种早一两天。
48. Even in such a system, gross statistical divergence of two nearly identical initial states will occur, sometimes in a week.
即使在这样一个系统中，近乎相同的两初始状态有时在一周后在总体统计上也会发生差异。
49. As far back as 1920s attention was directed towards the problem.
早在20年代，人们就注意这一问题了。
50. First comes a gradual change in water level, the forerunner, a few hours ahead of the storm‘s
arrival.
首先出现水位的逐渐变化，这是风暴到达前几小时的先兆。
51. Prior to the 1960s knowledge of the atmosphere above about 30 km was based largely on inferences from ground-based observations.
在60年代以前，人们关于30公里左右以上的高空大气知识主要是根据地基观测推断得到的。
52. Even today, specific forecasts are only made for the period of 3 to 5 days in advance.
即使今天也只能对未来3—5天的天气作出具体的预报。
53. The 500-hPa height field shows a well-developed blocking high over the Gulf of Alaska, which lasts another seven days.
500百帕高度场表明，在阿拉斯加海湾上空有一发展得很好的阻塞高压，后来它又持续了7天
54. Such averages are usually taken over a period of time, such as an hour, a day, a month, or a year.
这种平均值通常是对一段时间如1小时，1天，1月，1年所取的。
55. The experiment was conducted in the summer of 1977.
该试验于1977年夏进行。
56. In early spring when temperature is too low to favor the growth and development of the plants so that they have to remain in the greenhouse.
在早春此时气温很低，不利于这些植物的生长发育，因此它们还必须留在温室中。
57. During periods of light winds or reduced river flow coastal current often become so weak as to be barely discernible.
在淡淡轻风或河道流量减小时，海岸流变得很弱，几乎看不出来。
58. During the 19th century, the theories of tidal and acoustic gravity oscillations were subjects of great interest.
在19世纪，潮汐振荡和声重力振荡的理论曾经是饶有兴趣的课题。
59. How often observations are made, and how widely they are spaced, depend on the scale of the atmospheric events about which information is desired.
隔多久进行一次观测，这些测值（代表台站）相距多远取决于所要取得资料的大气事件的尺度。
60. Periods of precipitation are referred to as the ―active‖ monsoon, and the lulls in between are called monsoon ―break‖.
有降水发生的时期叫做季风活跃期，而它们之间的静息期叫做季风中断。
61. Such currents may form, disappear, or change flow direction within a matter of hours or days. 这样一些洋流的形成、消失或改变流向可能发生在大约几小时或几天内。
62. The weather will be hot and dry from now on till the end of August for this region.
这一地区天气从现在到8月底将是炎热干燥的。
63. Spring tides occur every two weeks, usually within a few days of the new and full moon.
春潮每间隔1周出现1次，通常出现在离开新月和满月几天之内。
64. These vortices developed within 30 minutes or so of each other.
这些涡旋的产生彼此相隔半小时左右。
65. In a time-sharing system, it is very important that each user get a share of the CPU at regular intervals.
在分时系统中，重要的是每一用户每隔（固定）一段时间可使用中心处理装置。
66. These stations may report weather intervals of an hour or even less to warn of approaching
weather dangers.
这些台站可以1小时或不到1小时报告1次天气以警告（人们注意）危险天气的临近。67. Plants were measured for height of the tallest leaf at monthly intervals from May to September.
从5月到9月每月测量植物最高叶的高度1次
68. The dataset consists of twice daily 500-hPa height analyses from the U.S. National Meteorological Center for the 20 winters 1962/1963 through 1981/1982.
所用资料集为美国国家气象中心关于1962/1963到1981/1982期间20个冬季的一天两次的500百帕高度场分析资料。
69. The observation was made at 0630 local time, February 15, 1984.
该观测于1984年2月15日地方时6：30进行的。
70. The project will be completed by mid-December.
这个项目要到12月中才能完成。
71. There appears small high in the west on day 10.
第十天在其西部出现了一个小高压。
72. The observation was carried out one month less two days.
观测进行时期为一个月差两天。
73. In the meantime the sky is turning clear.
与此同时，天空开始晴朗起来。
74. It rains more often than not during this season.
在这个季节经常有雨。
75. These circulation anomalies have long been recognized.
这些环流异常早就为人们所认识。
76. This plot will be prepared sometime next month.
这块地将在下个月某个时候整治。
77. It takes 23 hours, 56 minutes and 4 and a fraction of a second for the earth to complete one rotation.
地球完成一次自转需要23小时56分钟4秒多。
78. For the 24—hour period following 1300 February 14, air temperature dropped 4.6℃.
在2月14日13时以后的24小时，气温下降了4。6℃。
79. The past decade has been a rapid expansion of our empirical knowledge of the observed circulation anomalies.
过去的10年曾是关于观测获得的环流异常现象的经验知识的大丰收的10年。
80. The day of the onset of blocking is defined as day zero, and the time is then measured relative to this day zero, thus, day -2 represents the time of two day prior to the onset; day +2 two days subsequent.
阻塞开始之日定为零日，其它日子相对于这一天而确定。这样-2天表示在阻塞开始之前两天，+2天表示在阻塞开始后两天。
科技英语翻译480句(二) 空间
81. The research involves atmospheric conditions at few levels above the ground.
此项研究涉及地面之上若干层次的大气状态。
82. Individual jet maxima are frequently found at the tips of deep low-pressure troughs.
某些急流其最大风速中心常发现位于深低压槽的底端。
83. Another high-vale center is at the eastern fringe of the plateau.
另一高值中心在高原东边缘上。
84. Weather is determined by the simultaneous occurrence of several meteorological elements at a geographical locality or over broad areas of the earth.
天气是由在某一地理位置或者地球表面上广袤地区同时出现的若干气象要素的综合作用所决定的。
85. Reportedly, 1986 No.3 typhoon is being generated over the western North Pacific.
据报道，1986年3号台风在西北太平洋生成。
86. Standard temperature observations are made in thermometer shelters about 5 feet above the ground.
标准气温测定是在离地面5英尺左右的百叶箱中进行的。
87. Above the troposphere is the stratosphere, followed by the ionosphere and capped by the exosphere.
在对流层上是平流层，接着是电离层，最上层是外逸层。
88. Meteorologists have divided the atmosphere into various shells or layers, laid one atop the other.
气象学家把大气分成不同的层，它们依次相叠。
89. The boundary on the cold air side is often ill-defined, especially near the surface.
冷空气一侧的边界常常十分模糊，特别是在地表附近。
90. The cispacific SST was a little higher than before.
太平洋这侧的海面温度比以前稍高一些。
91. Close to the ground, wind speed increases quickly with height.
靠近地面，风速随高度迅速增大。
92. The maximum wind speed is centered around 35oN, 120oE
最大风速中心位于35oN,120oE
93. A few contributions have appeared on this subject at home and abroad.
这一课题已有一些论文在国内外发表了。
94. Meteorological science and technology have grown to the extent that behaviors of the atmosphere could be monitored on a global basis.
气象科学和技术已发展到可在全球范围内监测大气特性。
95. For the first few thousand feet above sea level the rate of pressure decrease is in the neighbourhood of 1 inch of pressure for each 900 to 1000 ft.
在离海面几千英尺高度上（在拔海高度数千英尺以下）气压递减率大约是每900到1000英尺高度下降1英寸汞柱左右。
96. In this case, steady precipitation may extend over a long distance ahead of the front.
在这种情形下，稳定性降水可在锋前向前延伸很长一段距离。
97. It is known that local weather can be affected within a few days by meteorological conditions thousands of miles away (from here).
大家知道当地天气在几天内可以受到（离此）几千英里以外的气象条件的影响。
98. These temporary observation posts were all within 10 km of the city.
这些临时测点均位于离城１０公里以内。
99. Buoys are developed 20 miles off the coast.
在离海岸２００英里的海中布设浮标站网。
100. The maximum is about 400 hPa in a 3 km distance from the center toward the south.
最大值在离开此中心向南３公里处的４００百帕左右高度上
101. Strong westerlies, at times, have been observed near the tropopause over Recife, Brasil, approximately 9o from the equator.
强大的西风气流有时曾在离赤道大约9个纬度的巴西Recife上空的对流层顶附近观测到过。102. The trade wind cell is, on the average, confined to 30 degrees poleward of the equator.
平均来说，信风圈限于离赤道（向极地方向）30度的纬度带里。
103. At this stage sea-level westerlies are strong and zonal in character and they lie poleward of their normal position.
在这一阶段海平面上西风气流很强且属纬向性的，它较正常位置偏向极地（北半球上偏北或南半球偏南）。
104. The figure shows that the maximum precipitation occurred to the east of Indonesia.
此图表面最大降水出现在印尼之东。
105. For a time, surface and subsurface current are in opposite directions; flow is seaward at the surface and landward near the bottom.
在一个时期，表层和次表层的水流方向相反；表层水流向外海方向流动，靠近底层的水流则向陆地方向流动。
106. For example, the artificial modification of rain at New York City may suggest a seeding activity just a few miles upwind of the metropolis.
比如说，对纽约市进行人工降雨可能意味着在该市上风不过几英里处进行一次撒播作业。107. in the first stage the jet stream lies well to the north and it takes a general west-east direction. 在第一阶段急流远在其北且一般为由西向东的方向。
108. The analyzed low-pressure center at the surface was located ~8 km east of the mesocyclone. 所分析的地面低压中心位于中（尺度）气旋之东约8公里处。
109. In all experiments there is at 300 km of sea to the west and 100 km of sea to the east.
在这些试验中，西面离海至少300公里，东面离海至少100公里。
110. The moon moves from a position 28.5o north of the equator to as much south of it.
月亮从赤道以北28.5o的位置运行到赤道以南28.5o的位置。
111. Within this area is a double minimum in pressure with one center collocated with the vorticity maximum and the other about 3 km farther north.
在这一区域内有一对最小气压中心，一个与最大涡度中心相重合，另一个则在更向北3公里左右处。
112. The monitoring station is just across the river from the power plant.
监测站与位于河对岸的发电厂正对峙（隔河相对）。
113. For research purpose, network with stations speed only 1/10 to 1 miles apsrt have been maintained for limited period in small areas.
为了研究需要，在短时间内在小范围一直保持台站间彼此相距仅0.1到1英里的台站网。114. During the experiment, moisture was measured twice a day at 20-cm intervals between 0 and 80 cm of the soil.
在试验中一天两次对0—80cm土壤层每20cm处进行湿度测定。
115. Following the treatment, cotton seeds were planted by hand in the third week of june 1983, at 75-cm row spacing with three rows of plants per plot.
在进行这种处理后，在1983年6月第三周把棉花种子用手种上，行距为75cm，每块地种三行。
116. Slopes orientated differently receive direct solar radiation in different amounts.
朝向不同的山坡接收到的直接太阳辐射量是不同的。
117. On the diagram, propagation is manifested as a coherent line of cloudiness sloping in one direction or another.
在这张图上，传播表现为向某一方向倾斜的相互密合的云带的形成。
118. From just the entrance, in the southern part of the bay, up to a second slack water area, about midway up the bay, tidal currents are ebbing.
在海湾的南部，从紧靠入口处内侧直到第二平潮区，其间距离大约是到海湾的一半，潮流正在回落。
119. The anomalously warm water can exist for a long distance along the equator at least as far west as Canton Island (172oW, 3oS).
异常温暖的海水可沿赤道向西长距离延伸，至少可到坎吨岛(172oW, 3oS)。
120. The easternmost longitude of the 35℃ isotherm is 140oE
35℃的等温线的最东经度是140 oE。
科技英语翻译480句（三）原因、结果
三．原因、结果（121-160）
121. The ?wave‘ properties of macroscopic matter are not apparent because the wavelength is undetectably small.
宏观物质的波动特性不明显，因为其波长很短，难以被察觉。
122. The book remains at rest or, in physical terminology, in static equilibrium not because there are no forces acting on it but because the forces which do act on it annul one another.
此书处于静止，或者用物理术语来讲处于静力平衡，并不是因为没有力作用在它上面，而是因为作用其上的力彼此互相抵消。
123. As no machine ever runs without some friction, overcoming the force wastes work.
因为没有一台机器可以无摩擦地运转，所以克服摩擦力只是白费功夫。
124. Since the operator had more experience with mounting tape than a programmer, setup time was reduced.
鉴于操作员比程序员有更多的安装磁盘的经验，所以（由操作员进行的）安装时间就减少了。125. As friction is always present, it naturally causes losses in all types of machines, since because of friction; part of useful mechanical energy is lost in the form of useless heat.
由于摩擦总是存在，所以很自然，部分有用的机械能会因摩擦以无用的热的形式失去，所以摩擦使所有的机器均产生（能量）损失。
126. Since a magnetic field associated with the current in a coil, any change in that current alters the magnetic field around it.
因为磁场与线圈内的电流有关，所以电流的任何变化都会引起它周围磁场的变化。
127. In summer people feel sticky in that relative humidity is quite high.
夏季人们感到皮肤粘乎乎的是因为相对湿度很高。
128. The output power can never equal the input power, for there are always losses.
输出功率决不可能等于输入功率因为总有损耗。
129. Theoretically at least we should be able to copy these mechanisms found in nature, for all biological organisms are in part actually electrical systems.
至少在理论上我们应该能够模仿在自然界发现的这些机制，因为在所有生物组织中有一部分实际上是电系统。
130 Because of the high cost of these early computers, idle time was undesirable.
由于这些早期计算机价格高昂，所以（出现）闲置时间是人们所不期望的。
131. The energy possessed by an object by virtue of its motion is called kinetic energy, or energy of motion.
物体由于运动而具有的能量叫动能。
132. In the cloudless night ground temperature decreases on account of the heat lost to the space. 在无云夜间地面温度由于其热量散失到空间而下降。
133. The high yields overall are attributed mainly to good seedbed structure and a manual precision seeding.
总的来说，这些高产量主要是由于适宜的苗床结构和精细的手工播种。
134. In view of the importance of the plateau to the weather and climate over broad areas, a scientific investigation was carried out a few years ago.
鉴于这一高原对广大地区的天气和气候的重要性所以在数年前曾进行过一次科学考察。135 The decrease in intensity due to absorption is called damping and a wave whose intensity decreases for this reason is called a damped wave.
由于被吸收而强度减低叫做阻尼，而由于这一原因其强度减小的波叫做阻尼波。
136. Cooling is readily interpreted as due to the fact that work is done against the attractive forces between molecules.
冷却很容易被解释为是由于为了克服分子之间引力而做功的结果。
137. The pressure increase out of control was at the bottom of the explosion.
失去控制的气压增长是这一爆炸的根本原因。
138. Too small spacing among the plant stands is causative of the crop failure.
植株间间隔太小是作物歉收的原因。
139. It is because the ground loses heat to the air.
这是因为地表把热量输送给空气的缘故。
140. It was not that the deficiency in fertilizer was responsible for the crop failure.
不是因为肥料不足才造成作物歉收的。
141. The farming was done intensively for no other reason than a bumper crop.
正是为了丰收的缘故，耕作才作得十分精细。
142. By reason that the machine did not run properly, the operator had to stop it for checking.
由于机器不能正常运行，操作人员只得停车检查。
143. For reason given above the scheme should be redesigned.
鉴于上述原因，此方案应重新设计。
144. Seeing that there is often poor visibility, the site chosen as an airport is not appropriate.
鉴于这里能见度经常欠佳，所以选为机场是不适当的。
145. The crop did not grow well what with species and what with non-uniform top application of fertilizer, according to an agronomist.
这片庄稼长得不好据一位农学家看一方面是由于品种，另一方面是由于追肥不匀。
146. Frozen at around -35℃, mercury is not used in thermometers where extremely low temperature may be expected.
由于水银在-35℃左右时发生冰冻，所以在极端低温可能出现的地区它不用于制作温度计。
147. Reportedly the yield per acre has been 30% increased insomuch as modern agricultural technologies are practiced in this hilly region.
根据报道由于现代农业技术在那丘陵地区的实行，每亩产量已增加30%。
148. Vast stretches of oceans appeal to us much the rather because their profundity is difficult of
access.
辽阔的海洋因其深奥难以理解才更引起我们的浓厚兴趣。
149. Tidal currents cause mixing between layer, so that the waters become only moderately stratified.
潮流可引起各层海水之间发生混合，所以水体只能有一种适度的分层。
150. As a result, much of the energy is lost to air.
结果其中大部分能量散失于空气中。
151. Conditions of rotation and heat transfer in the earth‘s atmosphere are such that irregular waves of the characteristics described above will form.
地球大气（随地球）的自转和在其中的热输送状况结果导致具有以上所描述的特征的不规则波的形成。
152. Our normalization is such that the curves in Fig. 3 can be regarded as probability distributions.
我们的标准化处理使得图3中的曲线可以被看作概率分布曲线。
153. The dynamic response to the heating imbalance is such as to converge heat into the upper troposphere of the desert regions.
对这一加热不平衡的动力学响应结果导致热在这沙漠地带的对流层上部辐合。
154. Wind increased sharply with the result that evaporation went up remarkably.
风明显增大结果蒸发明显增强。
155. Release of the heat of fusion is believed to alter the pressure gradient in such a way as to diminish the destructive winds near the storm center.
人们认为融解热的释放可以改变气压梯度，结果减小风暴中心附近的破坏性风力。
156. The rotated principal components express the variability in the data in terms of geographically local components in a manner that the results appear to be consistent with our dynamical perception of atmospheric variability.
旋转主分量使用各局地地区的分量来表示资料在数值的变率，因而所得到的结果看来与我们关于大气变化的动力学概念一致。
157. The roughly 365-day year is the result of the earth traveling around the sun in one period. 365天左右的1年是地球围绕太阳转动一个周期的结果。
158. If lines, called isanomals, are drawn on a world, joining places of equal thermal anomaly, an isanomalous map is the result.
如果在一世界图上把有相同温度异常的地点以等异常（等距平）线画出来，结果就得到一张气温异常图。
159. If put together and heated to 25℃ at constant pressure, these substances will result in a new compound.
如果把这些物质放在一起并在常压下加热到25℃，则结果会产生一种新的化合物。
160. Heating makes the molecules of a material move faster, increasing the rate of evaporation.
加热使物质中分子运动加快，从而加速蒸发率。
科技英语翻译480句（四）条件
四、条件（161-200）
161. To the extent that it is real, the interaction with the lower boundary seems a good candidate to explain the high persistence of the system.
如果这一结果可靠的话，那么这一系统与下边界的相互作用似乎可看作解释它长时间继续存在的可靠原因。
162. Two fronts will exist if we have three air masses, a coal, a warm, and a cold, moving from west to east one after another.
如果我们让三个气团（一冷，一暖又一冷的）依次由西向东运动，则会出现两个锋。163. If the input file exists, then we must create a new output file.
如果该输入文件存在，那么我们必须开辟一个新的输出文件。
164. (According to the weather report, the typhoon will pass over the region)If so, the drought will be relieved.
（根据天气报告称，此次台风将经过这个地区）如果是这样，旱象将得到缓和。
165. If the moon were, for instance, over the site of Miami, there would be a tidal bulge there and also on near the west coast of Australia.
例如，假如月亮在迈阿密测点的上空，那里就会出现海潮的隆升，而在澳大利亚西海岸附近的海面也会出现隆升。
166．If the earth‘s axis did not ti lt, there would be no seasonal change on it.
如果地轴不倾斜，地球上就没有季节变化。
167. Were there no such superior laws, physics would be impossible as an exact secence over any sufficiently long period.
如果没有这些颠扑不破的定律，物理学就不可能在任何足够长的岁月作为一门精确的科学而存在。
168. If this situation should occur, the fram would become unusable.
如果出现这种情况，框架就成为无用的了。
169. Should the current be cut, the coil would return to its original position.
如果电流切断，线圈就返回到原来位置。
170. Had Franklin known what we know about lightning in those days, he probably would not have undertaken such a dangerous experiment.
如果富兰克林当时与今天我们关于闪电知识的认识一样，他可能不会进行那种危险的（风筝）试验了。
171. If we had not taken necessary precautions, the typhoon would have inflicted heavier damages. 如果当时不采取必要预防措施，台风就会造成更加严重的损害。
172. If it were not for the modern equipment, such experiments would not be performed.
如果没有这些现代化设备，这些实验就不能进行。
173. With the equipment the experiment would be readily conducted.
如果有了这些设备，试验就会顺利进行。
174. Water vapor is lighter, which would otherwise not rise into air.
水汽（比空气）较轻，否则它不会升到空中。
175. Since this frame of reference-the earth –is rotating, motions that would be straight in a stationary frame of reference appear curved to the observer on earth.
由于参照系—地球—是旋转的，所以在静止参照系中应是呈直线运动，在地球上的观测者看来就成为曲线运动。
176. This is clearly not the case, if it were true, prediction of the tides could have been done for centuries.
很清楚，情况并非如此。假如真是这样，潮汐预报可能已发布几个世纪了（事实并非如此）。177. Provided we make on further assumption, the Copernican principle leads to a rather similar universe model.
如果我们作出进一步的假设，哥白尼原理会导致一个相当类似的宇宙模式。
178. Computers can yield accurate results providing that they are fed with reliable information to start with.
计算机可给出准确结果，如果给予它们可靠信息使之开始工作的话。
179. Orchard without precaution will suffer heavy loss in case cold wave occyrs.
如果寒潮发生，不采取预防措施的果园将会受到严重损失。
180. For instance, suppose the operator received one Fortran job, one Cobol job and another Fortran job.
例如，假定操作员接受了一个Fortran作业，一个Cobol作业，然后又是一个Fortran作业。181. There is no change in the motion of a body unless a resultant force is acting upon it.
除非有一合力作用于物体上，否则物体的方向是不会发生变化的。
182. In so far as linear motion is concerned, a body is in equilibrium if the vector sum of the forces acting upon it is zero.
就线性运动而论，如果作用于严格物体上的诸力的矢量之和是零，那么这个物体就处于平衡状态。
183. Thus, Fig. 5 is similar to Fig. 4b insofar as the same recombination and filters have been applied to both.
因此，就两者都采用同样的合成和滤波方法而言，图5与图4b相同。
184. Atmospheric research is often both basic, in sense that it concerns the fundamental understanding of atmospheric processes, and applied, in the sense that it is directly useful.
大气研究常常是基础性的（就其涉及对大气过程的基本性理解而言）又是应用性的（就其是付诸直接应用而言）。
185. As far as we know, the problem has not been attacked at home and abroad.
就我们所知国内外对这一问题尚未着手研究。
186. As long as the counter is positive, contral is returned to the user program.
只要计数器是正数，控制器就返回到用户程序。
187. Be it that the temperature is beyond the rang (e.g. 32o to 41oF as the minimum cardinal temperature for wheat) the crop will be checked from growing.
如果温度超出某一范围（例如小麦的最低温度为32o--41oF），则作物生长受阻。
188. On the assumption that speed is kept constant, distance increases with time.
假如速度不变，则距离随时间增大。
189. The computers available can meet the needs except that data are sent in bulk.
只要资料不是大批送来，现有这几台计算机是够用的。
190. With favorable light and moisture conditions a plant grows at greatest rapidity if there is the optimum temperature for it.
在合适光照和水分条件下，如果有最适宜温度，则植物以最快速度生长。
191. Without reliable data, prediction has no foundation.
没有可靠的资料，预报就没有基础。
192. Sheets of newly formed sea ice break into pieces under stress of wind and waves.
大块新形成的海冰在风和海浪的作用下裂成碎片。
193. The annual total rainfall of 300 mm seems somewhat low for the region at these latitude.
就位于这些纬度的这一地区来说，年总降水量300毫米似乎少了一些。
194. Depending upon our job scheduler we would make both 6K jobs wait or run one of them in the 10K region.
我们可使两个6K作业等待，或者把其中一个在10K区运算，视我们作业的调度程序而定。
195. Given wind speed, duration, and fetch, it is possible to predict the size of the waves generated by a given storm.
人给出了风速，它的持续时间和吹程，就有可能预报由某一风暴产生的海浪的高度。196. Other things being equal, the evapotranspiration rate decreases with increasing humidity.
当其它条件相同时，蒸散率随湿度增大而减小。
197. Such being the case, the understanding of nature would be greatly improved.
如果是这样，那么我们对大自然的认识将会大为提高。
198. T will represent temperature alone in this book unless otherwise stated.
在本书T将只表示温度，除非另有说明。
199. Unless destroy or influenced in some way by ocean boundaries, waves continue to travel for long distances in the direction that the wind was blowing when they formed.
波浪除非被海洋边界以某种方式消除或影响，发展它就会继续沿着其形成时的吹向而运动很长距离。
200. Combined with extremely high waves generated by the storm, hurricanes surges can be highly destructive.
如果与风暴中产生的巨浪相结合，飓风涌浪（风暴潮）可具有极大的破坏性。
科技英语翻译480句
五、让步，目的（２０１――２４０）
201 Though energy can be neither vreated nor destroyed, it can be transformed from one form to another.
虽然能量不能被创造出来也不能被消灭，但它可以从一种形式转变成另一种形式。
202. In the subsequent years there was a trend of higher yields in tilled plots, although the increase was non-significant.
在后来的几年中，在耕作过的地里年产量曾有增长趋势，不过这种增长并不明显。
203. The following exercise, while overly simplistic, may nevertheless be helpful in understanding the problem.
以下的练习虽然过于简单，但可能对理解这一问题仍然是有用的。
204. Whereas there are numerous instance of this type of coincidence, there are also many example of the opposite.
虽然这种重合（一致）的例子有许多，但也有许多相反的情况。
205. Not but what the world‘s oceans are abundant in various resources, only a small part of them is in use.
虽然世界海洋有多种资源，但只有一小部分为人所应用。
206. As a result, the tsunami of 1957 killed no one in Hawaii, even though water levels were locally higher than 1946.
结果，1957年夏威夷的海啸没有造成一人死亡，虽然局部水位比1946年还高。
207. If for no reason than that electricity was off the machine stopped running, it is too old to work any longer.
虽然只是由于停电机器才停止运转，但它也太旧，不能再工作下去了。
208. Admitting that the vast expanse of oceans seems terrible, they provide us with abundant resources.
虽说浩瀚的大洋令人生畏，但它们向我们提供了丰富的资源。
209. The chemical composition of water remains constant whether it is in solid, liquid or gaseous state.
无论处于固态、液态或气态，水的化学成份都保持不变。
210. All substances on the earth, whether gaseous, liquid or solid, are made up of atoms.
地球上所有的物质无论它们是气态的、液态的或是固态的，都是由原子组成的。
211. Even if our measurements show the same velocity over different sections, it may be asserted that the motion is uniform only with the degree of accuracy that the measurements were made with.
即使我们的测值表明在不同区间速度相同，也许只能说只是在测值取得时所用的精度的条件下，这一运动才是匀速的。
212 No matter what direction we choose in order to obtain information about the large-scale structure of the universe, we obtain the same answer as for any other direction.
为了获得宇宙的大尺度结构的信息，无论我们选择什么方向，我们所得到的答案对任何其它方向都是一样适用的。
213. All bodies, no matter what their temperature, give off radiation in the form of electromagnetic waves.
一切物体，不论其温度高低，均要放出电磁波形式的辐射。
214. The temperature is between 20--25℃ in the lab no matter when it is measured.
无论何时去测量，那实验室的温度都在20--25℃之间。
215. However small, a body has weight.
一个物体无论多么小都有重量。
216. The up to data computer can process readily however large a volume of data.
无论资料的数量如何惊人，现代计算机都能容易地加以处理。
217. Weak as it is, the disturbance in the wind field is discernible.
该风场的扰动虽然很弱，但是还是可以看得出来。
218. Imagination, indispensable though it is, offers a poor substitute for information.
想象虽不可缺少，但提供的信息却很难作为依据。
219. Be ever bulky, the sun does not look larger than the moon from the earth.
虽然太阳体积如此之大，但从地球上看它并不比月球大。
220. Be that as it may, in practice these principles are likely to be interpreted so as to lead to the same ideas about the observed universe.
虽然如此，在实践中这些原理是可能解释的，从而使我们对观测的宇宙得出同样的认识。221. In spite of the disaster, typhoons are by no means entirely destructive.
台风虽然带来灾害，但决非完全是破坏性的。
222. Despite an abundance of data, observations of wave height often leave much to be desired.
尽管有丰富的资料，但浪高的观测常常很不理想。
223. Does a user access all the files in a system in the same manner, regardless of whether they reside at the same or different sites?
不管这些文件是储存在同一位置还是不同位置，用户是否可以用同一方式在系统中存取所有文件？
224. Furthermore, all point of a conductor or inside a hollow conductor are at the same potential, irrespective of the shape of the conductor.
此外，不管导体的形状如何，导体或空心导体的内部各点都处于同一电势。
225. Nevertheless we feel that the results may improve our knowledge of the atmosphere.
尽管如此，我们认为这些成果可能提高我们关于大气的知识。
226. In any case the rainfall will stop sometime this week.
无论如何，降雨在本周某个时候会停止。
227. Typhoon and hurricanes do not form exceptionally large waves, because their winds, although very strong, do not blow long enough from one direction.
台风和飓风并不会形成特大的巨浪，因为这些风虽然很强，但它们并不能沿着同一方向长时间的吹。
228. Observations show that some sort of growth and development is occurring, though in rather complex fashion.
观测表明，某种生长和发育正在进行，不过（虽然）是以相当复杂的方式进行的。
229. These experimental studies gave, if nothing else, a greater appreciation of the power and limitations of similarity methods in describing such flows.
这些试验研究即使没有给出其它东西，但却对相似方法在描述这类气流方面的能力和局限给予了较高的评价。
230. To raise the temperature of an object, it is necessary either to add heat to it from some source at higher temperature or to do work on it.
要提高一个物体的温度，必须从一个温度较高的热源给这一物体加热或者对它作功。231. In order for the tide waves to move fast enough at the equator to keep up with the moon, the ocean would have to be about 22km deep.
即使潮波在赤道上移动的速度跟得上月亮，海洋深度必须为22公里左右。
232. In order that the crops in open field could survive safely the winter frost prevention operation is of paramount importance.
为了使这些大田作物能够安全越冬，防霜作业具有极端重要意义。
233. However, the panel also recommended the early establishment of several carefully designed, randomized, seeding experiments, planned in such a way as to permit assessment of the seedability of a variety of storm types.
然而，这个小组还建议及早确定几个精心设计的随机化的播种试验，以便可对风暴的可播撒性进行评估。
234. With a view to investigating meteorological conditions a network of observing stations was established over the area.
为了研究那一地区的气象条件，一个台站网建立了起来。
235. For specifying the value of the quantity Q we have to use Eq. (2).
为了确定量Q的值，我们得使用（2）式。
236. For research purpose intensive observations were made for that period.
为了研究目的，在那个期间进行了加密观测。
237. For this end a mesh with a 5ox5o spacing was used.
为此目的采用了格距为5ox5o的网格。
238. A much higher temperature is required so that we could change iron from a solid state into liquid.
需要高得多的温度，以便我们能把铁从固态变成液态。
239. Least Fig. 3 be interpreted as the signature of zonally propagating waves, it is worth recalling what is said in the preceding chapter.
为了使图3不被解释成纬向传播的波的特征，有必要回顾一下前一章所论述的。
240. Thermometers are placed in shelters far away from obstacles so as to get free-moving air standard values.
温度表置放于远离障碍物的百叶箱中，以便取得自由运动空气的标准值。
科技英语翻译480句（六）方法、比较、比例
241. The change in pressure can be recorded by means of a pen arm on a rotating drum.
气压变化可以借助在转动的钟筒上移动的笔记录下来。
242. Heat may be measured in terms of any unit that can be used to measure energy, such as the joule or the kilowatt-hour.
热可以采用任何可以测定能量的单位，例如焦耳或千瓦小时。
243. Only in terms of the scheme have these results been obtained.
正是采用了这些方法才取得这些成果。
244. In some countries air temperature is given in degrees of Fahrenheit.
在某些国家气温以华氏温标给出。
245. Relative humidity is expressed as percentage.
相对湿度采用百分数表示。
246. Tides can be resolved mathematically into several components and each treated separately.
潮可以用数学方法分解成几个分量，而每一分量均可单独处理。
247. Attempt is made to solve the problem (in) another way.
尝试用另一种方法来解决这道题。
248. The features are only marginally significant at 95% level on a statistical basis.
这些特征在９５％水平时刚好在统计上是显著的。
249. Water enters air via evaporation.
水通过蒸发进入空气。
250. Topographically, we may consider the coastal plain to be a terrestrial analog of the continental shelf.
从地形角度讲我们可以把沿岸平原看成是大陆架在陆上的类似构造。
251. On the technical side, telegraph lines are hard to maintain.
从技术角度来说电报线路难以维修。
252. In a sense the atmosphere bears resemblance to an ocean.
在某种意义上说大气和海洋相似。
253. Thereby higher latitude are prevented from becoming increasingly colder and low latitudes from becoming increasingly hotter.
通过这种途径，使高纬地区不能变得越来越冷，而低纬地区不能变得越来越热。
254. Not only must the absolute value of the parameter in question be considered, but also the method of test whereby this value is to be established.
不但必须考虑所讨论的参数的绝对值，而且还要考虑检验方法，通过它以确定此值是否成立。255. In the subsequent experiments precision instruments were employed whereby good results were acquired.
在后来的几次实验中使用了精密的仪器，通过使用它们而取得了良好的结果。
256. So far, there is no evidence that the experiment could be conducted any otherwise than is described here.
到目前为止，尚无证据可说明除这里给出的方法外还有别的任何方法可以完成这一实验。257. A single satellite can view a large part of the earth‘s surface at least once daily, and hence observations can be made of areas that are otherwise inaccessible.
一颗卫星可至少每天一次扫视地球很大的一部分，因此可对其它方法无法观测到的地区进行观测。
258. Water vapor accounts for about 4% by volume in moist areas.
在气候潮湿地区，水汽按体积占（空气体积）４％左右。
259. The hard rain lasted roughly half an hour without break.
那场暴雨持续约半小时而未有间歇。
260. The data are employed in combination with cloud maps.
这些资料与云图结合一起使用。
261. In a high, the usually gentle winds circulate clockwise around the center of the Northern Hemisphere.
在北半球高压中，常见的和风围绕中心顺时针地吹。
262. Such waves occur most frequently at stormy latitudes, where the storms tend to come in groups traveling in the same direction, with only short periods separating them.
这样的波浪在风暴生成的纬度带出现极为频繁。在那里风暴常常是成群出现的，它们沿着同一方向运动，彼此间相隔时间很短暂。
263. The tube is placed open end in a cistern partially filled with mercury.
管子以开口一端插入部分装有水银的槽内。
264. The results of the six cases will be presented in chronological order.
上述六种场合的结果将按时间顺序给出。
265. Data are collected on a continuous and long-term basis.
资料是持续地长期收集的。
266. These facilities can have weather maps analyzed in place of a forecaster.
这些设备可代替预报员把天气图分析出来。
267. These new facilities will take the place of the old ones.
这些新设备将代替那些旧的。
268. The scheme was designed after the manner of Smith (1976).
此方案是仿照Smith（１９７６）的思路设计的。
269. Materials are classified as magnetic or nonmagnetic on the basis of whether or not a force on the substance owing to the presence of a magnetic field.
根据由于磁场存在时是否有一个力对物体发生作用而把材料划分为磁性材料和非磁性材料。270. Next, we shall introduce the parameter B, following Kuo (1974), such that R and M may be expressed by the relations.
其次按照Kuo(1974)的方法我们引入参数b，以便Ｒ和Ｍ能用以下关系来表示。
271．By international agreement pressure is now expressed in hPa‘s.
根据国际协议，气压现在用百帕为单位表示。
272. In other words, the frequencies of those waves should be constant in time and space a priori. 换句话说，那些波的频率根据推断在时空上是常定的。
273. Materials are partitioned into magnetic and nonmagnetic substance accordingly as they are likely to be affected by a force present in a magnetic field.
274. The vertical velocity changes as a function of time and height above ground for the deep warm cloud.
在深厚暖云中，垂直速度随时间和高度而变化。
275. The measurements were collected the way you did.
这些观测资料是按你曾进行的方式收集的。
276. We shall follow the procedure for experiments as the book instructs.
我们将象此书所示，遵照规定步骤进行实验。
277. But if the disturbance affects a large area, as a great earthquake can, the resulting seismic sea
waves nay behave as if they had been generated along a line rather than at a point.
但是，如果扰动影响的地区很大，象强烈地震所能做到的，那末所产生的地震海浪运动好象沿直线产生而不是在一点产生。
278. If the disturbance, such as an explosion, affects only a small area, the waves will move away from that point, much as the waves move away from our pebble.
如果某种扰动（如爆炸）只影响一个小的地区，则波浪离开该点（扰动源）非常象水波离开石子入水处。
279. Just as linear momentum is the product of mass and velocity, so the angular momentum of a body is defined as the product of its moment of inertia and its angular velocity.
正如线性动量是质量和速度乘积一样，物体角动量也定义为其惯性矩和角速度的乘积。280. Just as water wil l run downhill, so heat, if left to itself, flows down the temperature ?hill‘ (gradients).
就象水总是流下山一样，热（若听其自然）也是沿―热坡而下‖。
281. For efficiency the shape of the roof should be designed in such a way that it provides as large an evaporation area as possible.
从效率考虑，屋顶形状应这样来设计，即它可提供尽可能大的蒸发面积。
282. The moon revolves around the earth in such a manner that it always faces the latter with the same side.
月球围绕地球运动的方式是这样的，即它始终以同一面朝着地球。
283. If a torque is applied to the disk in such a fashion that the axis of the torque is the same as that of rotation of the disk, the direction of the former will be parallel to AB.
如果力矩是这样地作用于一圆盘上，即力矩的轴与圆盘的旋转轴方向一致，则力矩的方向与AB线平行。
284. In motions of rotation angular momentum appears in much the same way as linear momentum appears in motion of translation.
在旋转运动中的角动量产生的方式与平移运动中的线动量的产生是基本相似的。
285. Each marginal sea, or bay, is affected by the tide in much the same way as the Atlantic is affected by the wave from the Antarctic.
每一边缘海即海湾都受到潮水的影响，其发生类似于大西洋受到来自南冰洋的波浪影响一样。
286. Radar sets generally employ large antennas to produce narrow beams in much the same way as a search-light reflector.
通常雷达采用大型天线以产生狭窄波束，其方法基本上与探照灯反射镜相似。
287. Light behave as if it were made of particles.
光的行为好象它是由粒子组成的。
288. Over the last few decades it has been a common practice to view the atmosphere from a zonally averaged perspective.
在过去的几十年中，从纬向平均的角度来研究大气是通常的做法。
289. Using geometry, we shall be able to find out the resultant force.
采用几何方法，我们就能求出其合力。
290. Since Newton‘s time, mathematicians and physicist have investigated the tides by considering the response of the oceans to the tide-generating forces.
从牛顿时代以来，数学家和物理学家们就一直通过考虑海洋对引潮力的响应来研究海潮现象。
291 With the temperature unchanged, the air is made to reach condensation by adding water.
在温度不变时，通过加入水汽而使空气达到饱和。
292. Above the critical temperature and under high pressure the vapor may become as dens and as incompressible as the liquid at lower temperature.
在临界温度以上和高压下，蒸汽密度可能变得象在低温下液体那样稠密且不可压缩。293. Winds are just as likely to be gusty at sea as on land, and just as likely to change direction as not.
海上的风完全可能象陆上的风一样具有阵性，且它在两地改变方向同样频繁。
294. At the summit of high mountains it is not so warm as one height think though it is nearer to the sun.
在高山顶上并不象有人认为的那样温暖，虽然离太阳更近了。
295. With the advance of science and technology, some scientific problems become less complicated than they were thought.
随着科学技术的发展，有些科学问题变得不象它从前所认为的那么复杂了。
296. A body of low temperature radiates energy less rapidly than the one at higher temperature.
低温物体不象温度较高的物体那么快地辐射出能量。
297. These results are as accurate as could be obtained by the scheme developed by Yanai (1979). 这些结果与用Yanai（1979）的方案得出的结果一样精确。
298. All of these scores are higher than could be obtained by predicting temperatures of the previous to persist unchanged.
所有这些（预报）评分均比通过预报前期温度将持续不变所得的评分要高。
299. Indoor relative humidity has a low value in cold weather and is than a better measure of the drying effect on skin than is outdoor relative humidity.
冬季室内相对湿度值很低，所以它在量度（湿度）对皮肤的致干效应方面比室外相对湿度更好些。
300. (Much of this is visible light, so that we are well aware of it.) Less obvious but just as real, is the infrared radiation emitted by the surface, and by the air.
（其中大部分是可见光，所以我们很清楚地感觉到它。）由地面及空气发射的红外辐射虽不如它明显，然而却同它（可见光）一样实际存在着。
301. The body travels in an ellipse, the fixed point being at on focus. The speed is greatest when body is near the focus, less when it is farther away.
物体沿着固定点在一个焦点上的椭圆轨道运动。当运动物体靠近这一焦点时其速度最大，而当它远离时则速度变小。
302. The higher the temperature is, the more water could be held in the air.
温度越高，空气中可以包含的水汽也越多。
303. The more mixing that occurs in the estuary, the greater is the landward flow in the subsurface layer.
在河口湾出现的混合越强烈，次表层向陆地方向的流量就越大。
304. The nearer the air above the water approaches saturation, the less rapid will be the net loss from water.
水面的空气越接近饱和，水面上水的净损失（速率）将越慢。
305. Other things being equal, evaporation is the faster, the greater is the wind.
在其它条件相同时，飞速越大蒸发越快。
306. The horizontal width of the condensate falling from the convective cells was much less than
the width of the observed mesoscale downdraft (60 km compared to 150 km).
从对流单体降落的冷凝物的水平宽度比观测到的做尺度下沉气流的宽度小得多（前者60公里而后者150公里）。
307. Furthermore, the scattering is negligible with respect to absorption, eliminating ?multiple-scattering‘ problem.
此外，散射同吸收相比微不足道，从而消除了―多次散射‖问题。
308. Peak updraft strength is slightly enhanced with hodograph curvature, 29.0 m/s in B versus 26.1 in C.
山顶上升气流强度随速矢端迹曲率加大而稍有加强，在（图上）B点是每秒29米，C点是每秒26.1米。
309. For adds and subtracts, the average number of cycles required is two, versus about 12 to 15 for the previous type. This is almost a 75% reduction in execution time: 120 ns versus 400 ns.
对于加减法运算所需循环的平均数是2，而旧型号机却需12—15。在执行时间上减少约75%，即现在用130纳秒，从前用400纳秒。
310. Remarkable yield difference was found between the two experimental plots with row spacing of 30 versus 60 cm, the former giving 30% higher crop.
这两块行距为30公分和60公分的实验地中产量有显著差异，前者高出30%。
311. It was found that a slightly colder threshold for seeding effect to occur for silver iodide than for dry ice (-5 to -10℃ for silver iodide versus -3 to -4℃ for dry ice).
实验发现，碘化银产生播撒效果的临界温度比干冰略低（碘化银为-5℃到-10℃，而干冰为-3℃到-4℃）。
312 Accordingly, the end for multiple regression as against linear regression appeared quite reasonable.
因此，同线性回归相比，这种对多元回归的需要看来是颇有道理的。
313. As regards fidelity the result bears comparison to that of Wood (1982).
就精确度而言，这一结果比得上Wood（1982）的结果。
314. In comparison, the scheme seems superior to the one reported in this paper.
通过比较，该方案似乎比本文所载的要好些。
315. Among these forces is the neglect of vertical forces, which is not too serious because they are quite small compared with the earth‘s gravitational attraction.
在这些力中，垂直力受到忽视，但因为它们与地球的重力相比微不足道，所以这不是一个十分严重的问题。
316. The sun‘s position relative to the earth‘s equator also changes, from 23.5o north to 23.5o south of the equator (but it requires a full year to make a complete cycle),in contrast to the monthly changes of the moon‘s posi tion from 28.5o north to 28.5o south.
与月亮每月位置从北纬23.5o到南纬23.5o的变化相比，太阳相对于地球赤道的位置也是变化的，从北纬28.5o变化到南纬28.5o之间（但这一变化周期需要整整一年）。
317. (It takes about 365 days for the earth to make a complete revolution around the sun.) In contrast, the moon takes 29 days or so to make a complete cycle around the earth.
（地球绕太阳公转一周约365天），对比起来，月球约用29天左右绕地球一周。
318. The atmosphere pressure gradient is an inverse measure of the spacing of the isobars on a weather map.
气压梯度与天气图上等压线的间隔大小成反比。
319. When a wave travels uniformly in all directions from a small source, the intensity varies
Unit 1 Electronics:Analog and Digital 1.As with series resonance, the greater the resistance in the circuit the lower the Q and, accordingly, the flatter and broader the resonance curve of either line current or circuit impedance. 对于串联谐振，电路中的电阻愈大Q值就愈低，相应地线路电流或电路阻抗的谐振曲线也就愈平、愈宽。 2.A wire carrying a current looks exactly the same and weighs exactly the same as it does when it is not carrying a current. 一根带电的导线其外表与重量都与不带电导线完全一样。 3.Click mouse on the waveform and drag it to change the pulse repetition rate, or directly enter a new value of the period in the provided dialogue box, while keeping the pulse width unchanged. 在波形上点击鼠标并拖动来改变脉冲重复频率，或者在提供的对话框中直接输入新的周期值，而保持脉冲宽度不变。 4.Electronics is the science and the technology of the passage of charged particles in a gas, in a vacuum, or in a semiconductor. Please note that particle motion confined within a metal only is not considered electronics. 电子学是一门有关带电粒子在气体、真空或半导体中运动的科学技术。注意，在本书中粒子运动仅限于金属的情况不属于电子学。 5.Hardware technologies have played vital roles in our ability to use electronic properties to process information, but software and data processing aspects have not developed at the same speed. 硬件技术在我们使用电子特性来处理信息的能力中一直起着重要作用，而软件及数字处理方面却没能与硬件同步发展。 6.However, in a properly designed DC amplifier the effect of transistor parameter variation, other than Ico, may be practically eliminated if the operation point of each stage is adjusted so that it remains in the linear operation range of the transistor as temperature varies. 然而在设计得当的直流放大器中，若调节每一级的工作点使之在温度变化时保持在晶体管线性区，就能在实际上消除Ico以外的晶体管参数变化所造成的影响。
2009-2010学年第2学期 《实用科技英语翻译》期末考试题型和复习题 I Answer the following questions related to EST Translation (30’)（2个题） 1. What’s the definition of EST (English of Science & Technology)? EST (English for Science & Technology or Technical English or Scientific English) is a special language variety widely used in the fields of science and technology. It’s believed that it first came to being in the 1950s along with the rapid development of science and technology, and it many researchers and scholars began to conduct investigation of this common feature of this special genre including reading comprehension, writing and even translation. 2. What are stylistic features of EST? Completely different from other genres such as everyday English, literature English, EST has its own stylistic features due to the specialty in content, field and discourse functions, and partly due to the unique habits of EST writers, which are mostly represented in lexical level and syntactical level. 3. What are the general features of Compound Technical Terms? A. accuracy（确切性）: accurately reflect the nature of the concept B. monosemy（单义性）: one sense for one word C .systematization（系统性）:the individual technical terms in a given field should be in a specific level so as to constitute a common system D. linguistically correct（语言的正确性）: in accordance with the word-formation in the same language E. conciseness（简明性）: concise and easy to remember F. motivation（理据性）: just as the name implies, one can know the meaning of the word.
科技翻译练习二 II: 汉译英 VR（虚拟现实）技术可广泛的应用于城市规划、室内设计、工业仿真、古迹复原、桥梁道路设计、房地产销售、旅游教学、水利电力、地质灾害、教育培训等众多领域，为其提供切实可行的解决方案。 在先进制造业领域，站在大飞机发动机的3D影像面前，“可任意拆卸”这个虚拟现实的强项表现得淋漓尽致。操作人员可以把虚拟发动机的许多部件逐一拆下，再进入发动机内部。“虚拟现实”实现了跨平台的交互式设计、虚拟展示、虚拟装配、CAE数据可视化等功能，大幅提高设计团队的设计效率，使研发人员能及时发现、修正设计缺陷和潜在的工艺问题，提高产品开发的制造成功率。 虚拟现实技术在教育培训领域也大有用武之地。为真实实验不具备或难以完成的教学功能创造条件。在涉及高危或极端的环境、不可及或不可逆的操作，高成本、高消耗、大型或综合训练等情况时，虚拟现实技术能提供可靠、安全和经济的实验项目。华东理工大学的G-Magic虚拟现实实验室，就是高校虚拟现实教学的一个范例。该实验室拥有CAVE洞穴式虚拟现实系统，可以把大学生设计的作品投影到墙面、天花板和地面上。比如，学生设计了一间淋浴房，他能利用这套系统把它展现在实验室里，和真实的淋浴房一样大小。营造出这种教学环境后，教师就能与学生更方便地交流各个环节的设计优劣，并随时做出修改。 企业的一些培训项目，同样离不开HYPERLINK "https://www.doczj.com/doc/5f17834580.html,/view/7299.htm" \t "_blank" 虚拟现实 。以石油化工为例，众所周知，大型石油灌区集中了大量危险化学品，一旦操作不当，便可能引发火灾、爆炸事故，并造成环境污染等次生灾害。因此，政府和企业对大型石油灌区的安全性和操作人员的专业性提出了很高要求。虚拟现实技术可以构建储罐区应急救援及安全培训系统，它不但能向员工呈现操作流程的各种场景，引导他们学习、掌握安全操作技能，还能模拟事故发生、火光熊熊的场面，让员工在沉浸式虚拟影像中开展救援行动。 VR (Virtual Reality) technology can be widely used in many areas,such as urban planning, interior design, industrial simulation, historic restoration, design of bridges and roads, real estate sales, tourism, education, water power, geological disasters, education and training, and provide practical solutions. In the field of advanced manufacturing, standing in front of large aircraft engines of 3D image, The strengths of virtual -"can be arbitrary tear down" express thoroughly.The operators can put a lot of virtual engine parts one by one, and then into the internal engine.Virtual reality achieves many functions, such as,a cross-platform interactive design, virtual display, virtual assembly, and CAE data visualization capabilities, so it increase the team's design efficiency drastically, and researchers can find the corrected design flaws and potential process problems timely and improve product development manufacturing success rate. Virtual reality technology is also very useful in the field of education and training.It creates conditions for the real tests which are not available or difficult to complete the teaching function.When it refers to high-risk or extreme environments, inaccessible or irreversible operation, high cost, high consumption, large or comprehensive training, etc., virtual reality technology can provide reliable, safe and economical experimental projects.G-Magic Virtual Reality Lab of East China University is an example of virtual reality in University Teaching.The lab has a CAVE virtual reality of cave system and college students’design work can be projected onto the walls, ceiling and floor.For example, the student designed a shower room, he can use the system to show it in the laboratory as the same size as the real
《信息科技英语翻译》期末考试A卷参考答案 一、选择题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.所谓翻译就是把一种语言文字所表达的意义用另一种语言文字表达出来的语言转换过程，是通过译 者在不同语言之间进行的一种语言交流活动。 A. 形式/内容 B. 增译/省译 C. 转换/交流 D. 直译/意译 2.著名的“信达雅”三字翻译标准是清末启蒙思想家严复所提出的。 A. 玄奘 B. 严复 C. 傅雷 D. 钱钟书 3.翻译中所谓的“忠实”，首先是指忠实于原文的内容。 A. 原文 B. 译文 C. 原语 D. 译语 4.信息科技英语的翻译标准应该是：准确规范、通顺易懂、简洁明晰。 A. 忠实、通顺 B. 意美、形美、音美 C. 传神、化境 D. 准确规范、通顺易懂、简洁明晰 5.信息科技英语翻译中所谓的准确，就是忠实地、不折不扣地传达原文的全部信息内容。 A. 信息 B. 意义 C. 风格 D. 思想 6.要做好科技英语的翻译工作，通常要求译者具有较高的英语水平、汉语水平、科技知识水平和翻译 理论水平。 A. 口头表达能力 B. 书面表达水平 C. 英语水平 D. 思维能力 7.信息科技英语文体的特点是第三人称多，被动语态多，专业名词、术语多，非谓语动词多，长句子 多。 A. 第一人称 B. 第二人称 C. 第三人称 D. 三种人称 8.信息科技英语翻译中直译法是最常见的译法之一。 A. 直译法 B. 意译法 C. 合译法 D. 分译法 9.英语中的同一个词，同一词类，在不同场合往往有不同的含义，常常要求译者根据上下文的联系， 以及句型来确定某个词在特定场合下的词义。 A. 词语 B. 词汇 C. 词序 D. 词义 10.所谓增译就是在译文中添加英语原文省略、或原文中无其词而有其意的词语。 A. 省译 B. 增译 C. 顺译 D. 倒译 二、是非题（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分） 1.由于英汉两种语言结构与表达方式的不同，有些句子在汉译时不能逐词对译。（是） 2.英语中有大量动词派生的名词和具有动词意义的名词，均不可以转译为汉语的动词。（非） 3.英语定冠词the表示某一类特定的人或事物中的“某一个”，不可译为“该”、“这个/种”、“那个/种” 等。（非） 4.在代词的翻译中，所谓互换，就是将英语原文句子中的名词（即先行词）与代替该名词的代词，在 翻译时进行相互换为。（是） 5.信息科技英语中理解和翻译数词本身并不难，但当数字在句子中表示各种概念时，要理解和翻译一 些数量概念的句型结构时可能就会遇到困难，甚至有时出现误解、误译等现象。（是） 6.大多数作前置定语和少数作后置定语的形容词以及表语形容词，在翻译时一般可以直接译出，即译 为汉语的定语“的”字结构，也可省略“的”字。（是） 7.当英语的动词转译成汉语的名词时，修饰该英语动词的形容词往往转译成汉语的副词。（非） 8.英语介词在古英语中属于动词，因此在翻译时可将英语介词译为汉语动词。（是） 9.英语的连词从形式上可分为并列连词和从属连词两大类。（非） 10.英语动词有限定性动词与非限定性动词之分，而不定式、动名词和分词三种限定性动词在科技英语 翻译中应引起我们高度重视。（非） 三、句子英汉翻译（本大题共20小题，每小题2分，共40分） 1.Packaged software is developed to serve the specific needs of one user. 软件包的开发只是为某一用户的特定需要服务。 2.After the spring has been closed to its solid height, the compressive force is removed. 弹簧被压缩到并紧高度之后，就没有压力了。 3.The longest light waves we can see are red, the shortest violet, and in between are other colors. 可见光波中最长的是红色，最短的光波是紫色，其他颜色的光波介于这二者之间。 4.Both pumps offer excellent metering performance, high vacuum lift, dry priming capability and no possibility of back-flow. 两类泵还具有良好的计量、高真空提升、干启动以及防回吸等功能。 5.Once it is combined, nitrogen is not chemically inert any longer. 氮气一经化合，在化学上它就变得活泼了。
小议科技英语翻译技巧 科技文体崇尚严谨周密，概念准确，逻辑性强，行文简练，重点突出，句式严整，少有变化，常用前置性陈述，即在句中将主要信息尽量前置，通过主语传递主要信息。科技文章文体的特点是：清晰、准确、精练、严密。那末，科技文章的语言结构特色在翻译过程中如何处理，这是进行英汉科技翻译时需要探讨的问题。现分述如下： 一、大量使用名词化结构 大量使用名词化结构（Nominalization）是科技英语的特点之一。因为科技文体要求行文简洁、表达客观、内容确切、信息量大、强调存在的事实。而非某一行为。 Archimedes first discovered the principle of displacement of water by solid bodies. 阿基米德最先发展固体排水的原理。 句中of displacement of water by solid bodies 系名词化结构，一方面简化了同位语从句，另一方强调displacement 这一事实。 The rotation of the earth on its own axis causes the change from day to night. 地球绕轴自转，引起昼夜的变化。 名词化结构the rotation of the earth on its own axis 使复合句简化成简单句，而且使表达的概念更加确切严密。 If you use firebricks round the walls of the boiler, the heat loss, can be considerably reduced. 炉壁采用耐火砖可大大降低热耗。 科技英语所表述的是客观规律，因之要尽量避免使用第一、二人称；此外，要使主要的信息置于句首。 Television is the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves. 电视通过无线电波发射和接受活动物体的图象。 名词化结构the transmission and reception of images of moving objects by radio waves 强调客观事实，而"谓语动词则着重其发射和接受的能力。 二、广泛使用被动语句 根据英国利兹大学John Swales 的统计，科技英语中的谓语至少三分之一是被动态。这是因为科技文章侧重叙事推理，强调客观准确。第一、二人称使用过多，会造成主观臆断的印象。因此尽量使用第三人称叙述，采用被动语态，例如：Attention must be paid to the working temperature of the machine.应当注意机器的工作温度。而很少说：You must pay attention to the working temperature of the machine .你们必须注意机器的工作温度。此外，如前所述，科技文章将主要信息前置，放在主语部份。这也是广泛使用被动态的主要原因。试观察并比较下列两段短文的主语。 We can store electrical energy in two metal plates separated by an insulating medium. We call such a device a capacitor, or a condenser, and its ability to store electrical energy capacitance .It is measured in farads. 电能可储存在由一绝缘介质隔开的两块金属极板内。这样的装置称之为电容器，
考试日期：05 年12 月31 日 1.为此，必须对电路(circuit)的基本内容有一个很好的了解。 For this purpose, it is necessary to have a good understanding of the fundamentals of the circuit. 2.这个系数(coefficient)有待确定。 This coefficient remains to be determined. 3.现有的教科书均没有提这一点。 None of the textbook available mentions this point. 4.由于反馈(feedback)在电子线路(electronic circuit)中起着重要作用，所以对它的研究极为 重要。 Since feedback plays an important role in the electronic circuit, its study is very important. 5.有迹象表明，计算机的价格将进一步下跌。 There is an indication that the price of computers will fall further. 6.这个方法的确管用，不过到底该在什么情况下使用它尚不清楚。 This method does work, but it is not clear in what condition it is that it should be used. 7.十年前该厂的产量比现在高五倍。 The output of this factory 10 years ago is 6 times what it is now. 8.激光(laser)是二十世纪六十年代引入的一项新技术，它能穿透(pierce)特别硬的物质。 A new technology introduced in the 1960s, laser can pierce very hard substances. 9.为使晶体管(transistor)正常工作，必须给其电极(electrode)加(apply)上合适的电压(voltage)。 For the transistor to work normally, it is necessary to apply a proper voltage across the electrode.
Part I: Translate the Chinese in the brackets into English. (15%) 1. ____________________(爱因斯坦相对论)is the only one which can explain such phenomena. 2. Rate of penetration was found to ____________________ (与……成正比) the net pressure applied by the tool. 3. Being a ______________(非良导体/绝缘体), rubber is often used in cables. 4. Properly speaking, ___________(并非所有的物质) exist in three states. 5. An electric current produces ______________(磁场) around it. 6. With the result of automation, productivity has ___ ___________ (增加了5倍) in that factory. 7. Copper and aluminum are the best conductors of electric current ______________(仅次于银). 8. The neutron has __________________(既不带正电荷，也不带负电荷). 9. When the water temperature is increased, it vaporized more quickly until it reaches ________（沸点）. 10. A __________(变压器) is a very useful device, even though it can be sued only with alternating current. Part Ⅱ: Choose the better rendition for each of the following sentences.(20%) 1.由于我在会上发表论文，如蒙介绍有关会议的详细情况，不胜感激。 A) Because I will deliver a thesis at the conference, I shall appreciate it very much if you could introduce to me the detailed condition of the meeting. B) As I will present a paper at the conference, I will be grateful if you could supply me with detailed information about the meeting. 2. 西安附上我提供会议的论文，题目是“动物克隆在中国”，一式三份，如果要发电子邮件以转录软盘，我可以立即发出。 A) I am enclosing herewith my paper of the topic of “Animal Cloning in China” one form in three B) I am enclosing, in three copies, my paper entitled “Animal Closing in China” for the conference. If req uired, I can send an e-mail for the disk right away. 3．核能发电，是在20世纪才发展起来的新事物。不幸的是，建立和维持核发电厂的成本很高，使得建设速度要比原先预料的慢许多。---中国的第一座核发电厂，是于20世纪后期建立在深圳，靠近香港。 A) Using nuclear energy to generate electricity is a new thing developed in the 20th century. What is unfortunate is that the costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant are very high, making the speed of construction much slower than previously predicted. ----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. B) The production of nuclear power is a new development of the 20th century. Unfortunately, the high costs of building and maintaining a nuclear power plant have led to a much slower rate of growth than was predicted. -----China’s first nuclear power plant was built in the late 20th century at Shenzhen near Hongkong. 4. 不少科学家论证说，三国演义里所说的“木牛流马”，可能是一些有相当复杂性的机器，其工作原理可说类似于今天的某些器械装置。 A) Quite a few scientists say by reasoning that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of the Three Kingdo ms could be rather complex machines whose working principles can be said to be like certain mechanical devices of today. B) Quite a few scientists argue that the “wooden cows, running horses” described in the Romance of Three Kingdoms could be machines of sufficient complexity working on principles supposedly similar to certain present-day mechanical devices. 5. 摘要：本文简单叙述和分析了本实验室最近对猪流感病毒所作的两次实验的成果。 A) Abstract: The results of two experiments on swine flu virus are briefly described and analyzed. B) Abstract: this article simply states and analyzes the results of two experimental tests this laboratory recently performed in the research on swine flu virus. 6. 珠江三角洲在中国的南部，气候良好，交通系统效率高，一向工农业都在快速发展。 A) The Pearl River Delta is to the south of China. It has a nice weather and a highly efficient communication system. Both of its industry and agriculture
一.句子翻译练习；英译汉 1. It is forbidden to dismantle it without permission so as to avoid any damage to its parts. 严禁乱拆，以免损坏该设备的零件。 2. All livi ng things must, by reas on of physiological limitati ons, die. 由于生理上的局限，一切生物总是要死亡的。 3. The removal of min erals from water is called softe ning. 去除水中的矿物质叫做软化。 4. Gene piracy is not n ew. 窃取基因不是新鲜事。 5. All pla nts and ani mals n eed carb on for growth. 所有的动植物均需要碳才能生长。 6. Failure to fix these symbols in mi nd keeps stude nts from masteri ng the mathematical subjects they take up. 由于未能记住这些符号，使得许多学生无法掌握他们选修的教学课程。 7. This higher cost is not entirely due to the shape of the part, or the use of a more expensive metal. 成本教高不完全是由于部件的形状，也不是由于使用的金属比较昂贵。 8. A chicken is a suitable specimen for the study of the general external features of a bird. 鸡是研究禽类外部特征的合适范例。 9. The flow of electro ns is from the n egative zi nc plate to the positive copper plate. 电子从负的锌极流向正的铜极。 10. As a ship is loaded, it sinks deeper into the water, displacing an additional amount of water equal to the weight of the added load. 船装了货吃水更深，其排开的附加水量等于所装货的重量。 11. Non-mobile robots, capable of lear ning to perform an in dustrial task and the n of being left to perform it tirelessly, are eve n now in use in in dustrial pla nts all over the world. 不能行走的机器人能学会做工，并能孜孜不倦地工作，今天在世界各地的工厂里得到了使用。 12. The result of the invention of the steam engine was that human power was replaced by mecha ni cal power. 蒸汽机发明的结果是，机械力代替了人力。 13. Agricultural technique spreading centers have been set up everywhere in that province,
邢骏杰信息工程1班20091309010 We use touch screens everywhere: tourist kiosks, automatic teller machines, point-of-sale terminals, industrial controls. Half a dozen vendors, plus in-house departments at major manufacturers, produced $800 million worth in 2000. The market is growing because the interfaces are easy-to-use, durable and inexpensive. Touch screens employ one of three physics principles for detecting the point of touch. Pressing a “resistive” design with a finger or other stylus raises a voltage. In “capacitive” models, a finger draws a minute current (this method is often used for cursor pads on notebook computers). In other designs, a finger or stylus interrupts a standing pattern of acoustic waves or infrared lights that blanket the surface. Resistive screens are the oldest, most widely used and least expensive, and they work with any stylus (finger, pen). Capacitive screens must be touched by a finger or an electrically grounded stylus to conduct current. Wave screens are the newest and most expensive. Surface acoustic wave screens must be touched by a finger or a soft stylus such as a pencil eraser to absorb energy; infrared screens work with any stylus. The different technologies may be used in the same applications, although pros and cons lead to prevalent combinations: resistive screens for industrial controls and Palm Pilots; capacitive screens for slot machines; wave screens for A TMs and indoor kiosks. Most people are unaware of the type of screen they are using. But tricks can help you tell, according to Frank Shen of Elo TouchSystems in Fremont, Calif., the largest U.S. maker. Push the screen lightly with your fingernail (not your skin). If it responds, it could be resistive or infrared. In this case, place two separated fingers aga inst the screen at the same time. If the cursor moves beneath one finger, the unit is infrared (software registers the first touch); if the cursor moves between the fingers, it is resistive (the points are averaged). If the unit does not respond to your fingernail, again place two separated fingers against it. If the cursor moves beneath one finger, the unit is acoustic wave; if the cursor moves between the fingers, it is capacitive.
翻译是把一种语言里已经表达出来的事物用另一种语言准确流畅地进行重新表达的过程。与其他题材的文章相比,科技专业文章在内容、表达形式和风格上有很大的差别,具有科技性强、专业性强、逻辑严密、表达要求简练的特点,在翻译上力求准确全面、严谨明确和通顺简练。 1科技英语翻译遵循的基本原则 从科技文章的特点来看,大多具有以下几个特征:述说事理、逻辑性强、结构严密、术语繁多,语言严谨、数据精确。这就要求译文必须概念清楚、条理分明、逻辑正确、数据无误,尤其对定义、定律、公式、图表、结论等更应特别注意。科技英语作为特殊英语的一个分支,在词汇构成、遣词造句等方面都有其自身的特点,其语法结构不十分严密、语言习惯和汉语也有不少差别、词汇量大、词语繁多,因此科技英语翻译起来比较困难。另外,科技文章比较重视叙事逻辑上的连贯及表达上的明晰与畅达; 避免行文晦涩,避免表露个人感情,避免论证上的主观随意性。因此,科技英语翻译力求少用或不用描述性形容词以及具有抒情作用的副词、感叹词及疑问词,而是大量使用科技词汇、专业技术用语,译者应尊重客观事实,不能随意改动数据、回避不易翻译的文字,更不能加进自己的主观想象,进行自由翻译。 我国著名翻译家严复提出的“信、达、雅”三准则一直为不少翻译工作者所接受。 “信”指的是译文要忠实于原文,“达”是指译文的通顺达意,“雅”指的是译文的用词修辞。三准则体现了译文和原文信息等值这一基本要领。 “信、达、雅”的翻译准则对各种英语文体的翻译实践都具有指导意义,是衡量一篇译文好坏的标准,也同样适用于科技文献的翻译。由于科技文章特有的文体特征,与其他类文章相比,其“达”和“雅”的内涵不同,它要求在准确传达信息的基础上,使译文更加简洁明快,流畅通顺。2科技英语翻译的基本方法